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ANewForeignPolicySpeakSo4y,andCarryaBigS9ck

Chapter10,Sec0on3

ThePanamaCanal:TheFrench•  Acanalconnec0ngtheAtlan0candthePacificOceansacrossPanamawouldshortenthesearoutefromNewYorktoSanFranciscobyabout9,000miles(15,000to6,100miles).

•  AFrenchcompany,withpreviousexperiencebuildingtheSuezCanal,triedandfailedtodigasimilarcanalacrossPanamainthe1880’s.–  Acombina0onofmosquitoborndiseasesandtheinsurmountabledifficultyofdiggingasealevelcanalacrossthecon0nentaldividedefeatedtheFrench.

ThePanamaCanal:TheAmericans•  TheUnitedStatespurchasedtherightstobuildthecanalfromtheFrench.–  TheodoreRooseveltthenusedtheU.S.NavytosupportPanamanianindependencefromColumbia.

•  TheUnitedStatesgainedrightstoa10milewidestripoflandacrosstheIsthmusofPanamafromthenewPanamaniangovernmentinexchangefor$10million.–  Construc0onbeganin1904.–  Thefirststepwastoeliminatethebreedinggroundsformosquitoes.

–  Thecanalwascompletedin1914,6monthsaheadofscheduleand$23millionunderbudget.

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ImpactoftheCanal•  MostAmericanssupportedtheconstruc0onofthecanalforeconomicandsecurityreasons.

•  Themethodsusedtogaincontrolofthecanalzonemademanypeopleangry.

•  AmericanmethodscausedagreatdealofillwillacrossLa0nAmerica.

AmericanForeignPolicy:TeddyRoosevelt•  TheRooseveltCorollary:ifcountriesinthewesternhemisphereengagedininac0vi0esharmfultotheinterestsoftheUnitedStates,oriftheirgovernmentscollapsed,invi0nginterven0onfromstrongerna0ons,theUnitedStateswouldbeforcedtoexerciseaninterna0onalpolicepowertoenforcetheMonroeDoctrine.

•  TheDominicanRepublicwentbankrupt.TopreventaEuropeantakeover,theUnitedStatesbegan–  supervisingthecollec0onofcustomsdu0es.– U.S.BankstookcontrolofthecountriesfinancesandpaiditsEuropeandebts.

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AmericanForeignPolicy:WilliamHowardTaa•  DollarDiplomacy:Maintainingorderlysocie0esabroadbyinves0ngAmericanmoneyinforeigneconomies.–  Inves0nginrailroadsinChina,Manchuria,andMexico.

•  Notallinvestmentsweresuccessful.–  InLa0nAmerica,U.S.economicinfluencewasunwelcome.

AmericanForeignPolicy:WoodrowWilson•  MoralDiplomacy:theUnitedStateswouldapplymoralandlegalis0cstandardstoforeignpolicydecisions.–  WilsonintervenedintheMexican

Revolu0on.HeopposedMexicanGeneralVictorianoHuerta,whohadoverthrownthereformmindedgovernmentofFranciscoMadero.

•  Interven0onledtoabriefoccupa0onofVeraCruzin1914.Later,in1916troopsunderthecommandofJohnPershinginvadednorthernMexicowhilepursuingtheforcesofPanchoVilla.

•  VillahadbeenraidingAmericanbordertownsandhadbeeninterferingwithU.S.investmentsinminesandrailroadsinnorthernMexico.