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1
Analyse av transmisjonsveier og refleksjoner
for veitrafikkstøy i et byområde
Jens Holger Rindel og Clas Ola Høsøien
Multiconsult
NAS Høstmøte 2012
Stavanger
2
Grefsen, Oslo
3
Boligområde, som skal analyseres for endring av trafikkstøy
Nye bygg
4
Modellering av bygninger
Bygninger eksportert fra CadnA som dxf fil.
Antall punkter: 33605
Antall flater: 17265
5
Modellering av terreng
Høyde-koter i 25 m grid (4 m over terreng)
: Terrain
NumbOffSet 100000
MTranslate -599072.77 -6646586.16 -4
Const z 115.0
Pt 1 599189.53 6645916.75 95.58
Pt 2 599189.53 6645941.75 97.08
Pt 3 599189.53 6645966.75 97.58
.
.
Pt 2392 600214.53 6647266.75 186.60
Pt 2393 600214.53 6647291.75 189.00
Pt 2394 600214.53 6647316.75 190.30
BlockEnd
X y z
6
Modellering av terræn
Algoritme til å danne trekanter mellom gridpunkter:
Layer "#4" Green
Const Nx 42
Const Ny 57
For j 0 Nx-2
For i 1 Ny-1
Surf i+j*Ny Terrain
i+j*Ny i+j*Ny+1 i+(j+1)*Ny
Surf 3000+i+j*Ny Terrain
i+j*Ny+1 i+(j+1)*Ny i+1+(j+1)*Ny
end
end
1
2
3
58
59
115
116
4
6
5
7
11 linjekilder, 7 mottaker punkter 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 metres
0
200
400
600
800 metres
L1
L2
L3
L4
L5
L6
L7
L8
L9
L10
L11
L12
L13
L14
L15
L16
L17
L18
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Odeon©1985-2011 Licensed to: Odeon A/S
8
Veitrafikk støydata, LA,eq,10 m
9
Trafikkstøy spektrum
Ref.: NORDTEST ACOU 061 (1987), Spektrum A1: Veitrafikk, By, 50 km/h
Sammen spektrum brukes i: Byggforsk Håndbok 47 (1999) og ISO 717-1
1/3 octave band
10
Trafikkstøy kilde i
ODEON
Kilde spektrum i 1/1
oktavbånd til ODEON
beregninger.
Da 8 kHz ikke er med i
referanse spektret, er denne
verdi estimert ved
ekstrapolasjon.
11
Test av linje- og punktkilde modell
L1
P2P3P4P5P6P7P8P9P10P11P12P13P14P15P16P17P18P19P20P21P22P23P24P25P26
P27P28
P29P30
P31P32
P33P34
P35P36
P37P38
P39P40
11 21 31 41 51
Odeon©1985-2011 Licensed to: MULTICONSULT AS, Norway
400 m lang kilde i fritt lydfelt. Mottagere i avstand 10, 20, 30, 40 og 50 m.
• Linjekilde eller
• 40 Punktkilder med 10 m avstand
• 300 Punktkilder med 1 m avstand
12
Trafikkstøy kilder i ODEON
Octave band spectrum, dB
Freq. (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000
Line source 21,8 15,5 12,1 9,6 9,7 6 1,1 -5
Point sources, 10 m dist. 32,8 26,5 23,1 20,6 20,7 17 12,1 6
Eq. Verdier for veitrafikk spektrum.
LA,eq,10m = Overall Gain (dB/m) for linjekilde
LA,eq,10m = Overall Gain (dB) for punktkilder med 10 m intervall
13
Linjekilde, LA,eq,10m = 70 dB
14
Punktkilde pr. 10 m, LA,eq,10m = 81,1 dB
15
Lydkilde modellert som punktkilder med 10 m
interval, 0,5 m over bakken
16
292 point sources, 8 line sources
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 metres
0
200
400
600 metres
L2
L6
L11
L14
L15
L16
L17
L18
P19P20P21P22P23P24P25P26P27P28P29P30P31P32P33P34P35P36P37P38P39P40P41P42P43P44P45P46P47P48P49P50P51P52P53P54P55P56P57P58P59P60P61P62P63P64P65P66P67P68P69P70P71P72P73P74P75P76P77P78P79P80P81P82P83P84P85P86P87P88P89P90P91P92P93P94P95P96P97P98P99P100P101P102P103P104P105P106P107P108P109P110P111P112P113P114P115P116P117P118P119P120P121P122P123P124P125P126P127P128P129P130P131P132P133P134P135P136P137P138P139P140P141P142P143
P144P145P146P147
P148P149P150P151
P152P153P154P155
P156P157P158P159
P160P161P162P163
P164P165P166P167
P168P169P170P171
P172P173P174
P175
P176P177P178P179P180P181P182P183P184P185P186P187P188
P189P190P191P192P193P194P195P196P197P198P199P200P201P202P203P204P205P206P207P208P209P210P211P212P213P214P215P216P217P218P219P220P221
P222P223P224P225P226P227P228P229P230P231P232P233P234P235P236P237P238P239P240P241P242P243P244P245P246P247P248P249P250P251P252P253P254P255P256P257P258P259P260P261P262
P263P264P265P266
P267P268P269P270
P271P272P273P274
P275P276P277P278
P279P280P281P282
P283P284P285P286
P287P288P289P290
P291P292P293P294
P295P296P297P298
P299P300
Odeon©1985-2011 Licensed to: Odeon A/S
17
Eksist. bygg
Odeon©1985-2011 Licensed to: Odeon A/S
18
Alle bygg
Odeon©1985-2011 Licensed to: Odeon A/S
19
Eksist. Bygg, mottakere 4 m over bakken
67,3
64,3
61,3
58,3
55,3
52,3
49,3
46,3
43,3
40,3
37,3
34,3
31,3
28,3
25,3
SPL(A) (dB) >= 72,5
20
Alle bygg, mottakere 4 m over bakken
67,3
64,3
61,3
58,3
55,3
52,3
49,3
46,3
43,3
40,3
37,3
34,3
31,3
28,3
25,3
SPL(A) (dB) >= 72,5
21
Eksist. bygg, LAeq,50 = 54 dB Cumulative distribution function (1331 of 1349 receivers included)
X(5,95) = (31,3, 73,4) X(10,90) = (40,6, 68,3) X(25,75) = (47,1, 63,4) X(50) = (54,1)
X(95)-X(5) = 42,0 X(90)-X(10) = 27,8 X(75)-X(25) = 16,3
SPL(A) (dB)
727068666462605856545250484644424038363432
Perc
ent
95
90
85
80
75
70
65
60
55
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
Odeon©1985-2011 Licensed to: Odeon A/S
22
Alle bygg, LAeq,50 = 55 dB Cumulative distribution function (1331 of 1349 receivers included)
X(5,95) = (32,3, 73,4) X(10,90) = (42,1, 68,6) X(25,75) = (49,5, 63,6) X(50) = (55,1)
X(95)-X(5) = 41,2 X(90)-X(10) = 26,5 X(75)-X(25) = 14,2
SPL(A) (dB)
727068666462605856545250484644424038363432
Perc
ent
95
90
85
80
75
70
65
60
55
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
Odeon©1985-2011 Licensed to: Odeon A/S
23
Alle bygg – 10 m grid – 5 dB trin i fargeskala
24
Eksist. bygg. – Pos. R1 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300 325 350 375 400 metres
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
225
250 metres
P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7 P8 P9 P10 P11 P12 P13 P14 P15 P16 P17 P18 P19 P20 P21 P22 P23 P24 P25 P26 P27 P28 P29 P30 P31 P32 P33 P34 P35 P36 P37 P38 P39 P40 P41 P42 P43 P44 P45 P46 P47 P48 P49 P50 P51 P52 P53 P54 P55 P56 P57 P58 P59 P60 P61 P62 P63 P64 P65 P66 P67 P68 P69 P70 P71 P72 P73 P74 P75 P76
1
Source: 76Surface: *Receiver*Refl.: 1Path : 610.49Time : 1779Odeon©1985-2011 Licensed to: Odeon A/S Restricted version - research and teaching only!
Diffraksjon fra punktkilder over
en eller to kanter inkludert
25
Alle bygg. – Pos. R1 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300 325 350 375 400 metres
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
225
250 metres
P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7 P8 P9 P10 P11 P12 P13 P14 P15 P16 P17 P18 P19 P20 P21 P22 P23 P24 P25 P26 P27 P28 P29 P30 P31 P32 P33 P34 P35 P36 P37 P38 P39 P40 P41 P42 P43 P44 P45 P46 P47 P48 P49 P50 P51 P52 P53 P54 P55 P56 P57 P58 P59 P60 P61 P62 P63 P64 P65 P66 P67 P68 P69 P70 P71 P72 P73 P74 P75 P76
1
Source: 29Surface: *Receiver*Refl.: 1Path : 456,97Time : 1331Odeon©1985-2011 Licensed to: Odeon A/S Restricted version - research and teaching only!
Diffraksjon fra punktkilder over
en eller to kanter inkludert
26
Pos. 3
27
Pos. R3
Reflectogram
Arrival time: 268,29 ms (0,00 ms rel. direct or f irst reflection)
Level of: 36,09 dB (0,00 dB rel. direct)
Azimuth angle: 164,18°, elevation angle: 0,34°
Reflection: 0. order, 1. reflection of 140, source:224
time (seconds rel. direct sound)
3,83,63,43,232,82,62,42,221,81,61,41,210,80,60,40,20
SP
L (
dB
)
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
-5
-10
-15
-20
Elevation
20
0
-20
20
0
-20
20 0 -20
200-20
Azimuth
20
0
-20
20
0
-20
20 0 -20
200-20
Frequency (Hz)
63 250 1000 8000
45
40
35
30
Odeon©1985-2011 Licensed to: Odeon A/S
Reflectogram
Arrival time: 268,29 ms (0,00 ms rel. direct or f irst reflection)
Level of: 36,09 dB (0,00 dB rel. direct)
Azimuth angle: 164,18°, elevation angle: 0,34°
Reflection: 0. order, 1. reflection of 306, source:224
time (seconds rel. direct sound)
43,532,521,510,50
SP
L (
dB
)
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
-5
-10
-15
-20
Elevation
20
0
-20
20
0
-20
20 0 -20
200-20
Azimuth
20
0
-20
20
0
-20
20 0 -20
200-20
Frequency (Hz)
63 250 1000 8000
45
40
35
30
Odeon©1985-2011 Licensed to: Odeon A/S
L2
L6
L11
L14
L15
L16
L17
L18
P19P20P21P22P23P24P25P26P27P28P29P30P31P32P33P34P35P36P37P38P39P40P41P42P43P44P45P46P47P48P49P50P51P52P53P54P55P56P57P58P59P60P61P62P63P64P65P66P67P68P69P70P71P72P73P74P75P76P77P78P79P80P81P82P83P84P85P86P87P88P89P90P91P92P93P94P95P96P97P98P99P100P101P102P103P104P105P106P107P108P109P110P111P112P113P114P115P116P117P118P119P120P121P122P123P124P125P126P127P128P129P130P131P132P133P134P135P136P137P138P139P140P141P142P143
P144P145P146P147P148
P149P150P151
P152P153P154P155
P156P157P158P159
P160P161
P162P163
P164P165
P166P167
P168P169
P170P171
P172P173
P174
P175
P176P177P178P179P180P181P182P183P184P185P186P187P188
P189P190P191P192P193P194P195P196P197P198P199P200P201P202P203P204P205P206P207P208P209P210P211P212P213P214P215P216P217P218P219P220P221
P222P223
P224P225
P226P227
P228P229
P230P231
P232P233P234
P235P236
P237P238
P239P240
P241P242
P243P244
P245P246P247P248
P249P250P251P252
P253P254P255P256
P257P258P259
P260P261P262
P263P264P265P266P267P268P269P270P271P272P273P274P275P276P277P278P279P280P281P282P283P284P285P286P287P288P289P290P291P292P293P294P295P296P297P298P299P300
3
Source: 180Surface: *Receiver*Refl.: 1Path : 773,44Time : 2254Odeon©1985-2011 Licensed to: Odeon A/S
L2
L6
L11
L14
L15
L16
L17
L18
P19P20P21P22P23P24P25P26P27P28P29P30P31P32P33P34P35P36P37P38P39P40P41P42P43P44P45P46P47P48P49P50P51P52P53P54P55P56P57P58P59P60P61P62P63P64P65P66P67P68P69P70P71P72P73P74P75P76P77P78P79P80P81P82P83P84P85P86P87P88P89P90P91P92P93P94P95P96P97P98P99P100P101P102P103P104P105P106P107P108P109P110P111P112P113P114P115P116P117P118P119P120P121P122P123P124P125P126P127P128P129P130P131P132P133P134P135P136P137P138P139P140P141P142P143
P144P145P146P147P148
P149P150P151
P152P153P154P155
P156P157P158P159
P160P161
P162P163
P164P165
P166P167
P168P169
P170P171
P172P173
P174
P175
P176P177P178P179P180P181P182P183P184P185P186P187P188
P189P190P191P192P193P194P195P196P197P198P199P200P201P202P203P204P205P206P207P208P209P210P211P212P213P214P215P216P217P218P219P220P221
P222P223
P224P225
P226P227
P228P229
P230P231
P232P233P234
P235P236
P237P238
P239P240
P241P242
P243P244
P245P246P247P248
P249P250P251P252
P253P254P255P256
P257P258P259
P260P261P262
P263P264P265P266P267P268P269P270P271P272P273P274P275P276P277P278P279P280P281P282P283P284P285P286P287P288P289P290P291P292P293P294P295P296P297P298P299P300
3
Source: 175Surface: *Receiver*Refl.: 2Path : 790,81Time : 2304Odeon©1985-2011 Licensed to: Odeon A/S
28
Eksist. bygg. – Pos. R3
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 metres
0
100
200
300
400 metres
L2
L6
L11
L14
L15
L16
L17
L18
P19P20P21P22P23P24P25P26
P27P28P29P30P31P32P33
P34P35P36P37P38P39P40P41
P42P43P44P45P46P47P48
P49P50P51P52P53P54P55P56
P57P58P59P60P61P62P63P64
P65P66P67P68P69P70P71
P72P73P74P75P76P77P78P79
P80P81P82P83P84P85P86P87
P88P89P90P91P92P93P94P95
P96P97P98P99P100P101P102P103
P104P105P106P107P108P109P110P111
P112P113P114P115P116P117P118P119
P120P121P122P123P124P125P126P127
P128P129P130P131P132P133P134P135
P136P137P138P139P140P141P142P143
P144P145P146P147P148P149P150P151P152P153P154P155P156P157P158P159P160P161P162P163P164P165P166P167P168P169P170P171P172P173P174
P175
P176P177P178P179P180P181P182P183P184P185P186P187P188
P189P190P191P192P193P194P195P196P197P198P199P200P201P202P203P204P205P206P207P208P209P210P211P212P213P214P215P216P217P218P219P220P221
P222P223P224P225
P226P227P228P229
P230P231P232P233
P234P235P236P237
P238P239P240P241
P242P243P244P245
P246P247P248P249
P250P251P252P253
P254P255P256P257
P258P259P260P261
P262
P263P264P265P266P267P268P269P270P271P272P273P274P275P276P277P278P279P280P281P282P283P284P285P286P287P288P289P290P291P292P293P294P295P296P297P298P299P300
3
Source: 180Surface: *Receiver*Refl.: 1Path : 773,44Time : 2254Odeon©1985-2011 Licensed to: Odeon A/S
Refleksjoner mellom 1 og 2 sek.
29
Alle bygg. – Pos. R3
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 metres
0
100
200
300
400 metres
L2
L6
L11
L14
L15
L16
L17
L18
P19P20P21P22P23P24P25P26
P27P28P29P30P31P32P33
P34P35P36P37P38P39P40P41
P42P43P44P45P46P47P48
P49P50P51P52P53P54P55P56
P57P58P59P60P61P62P63P64
P65P66P67P68P69P70P71
P72P73P74P75P76P77P78P79
P80P81P82P83P84P85P86P87
P88P89P90P91P92P93P94P95
P96P97P98P99P100P101P102P103
P104P105P106P107P108P109P110P111
P112P113P114P115P116P117P118P119
P120P121P122P123P124P125P126P127
P128P129P130P131P132P133P134P135
P136P137P138P139P140P141P142P143
P144P145P146P147P148P149P150P151P152P153P154P155P156P157P158P159P160P161P162P163P164P165P166P167P168P169P170P171P172P173P174
P175
P176P177P178P179P180P181P182P183P184P185P186P187P188
P189P190P191P192P193P194P195P196P197P198P199P200P201P202P203P204P205P206P207P208P209P210P211P212P213P214P215P216P217P218P219P220P221
P222P223P224P225
P226P227P228P229
P230P231P232P233
P234P235P236P237
P238P239P240P241
P242P243P244P245
P246P247P248P249
P250P251P252P253
P254P255P256P257
P258P259P260P261
P262
P263P264P265P266P267P268P269P270P271P272P273P274P275P276P277P278P279P280P281P282P283P284P285P286P287P288P289P290P291P292P293P294P295P296P297P298P299P300
3
Source: 175Surface: *Receiver*Refl.: 2Path : 790,81Time : 2304Odeon©1985-2011 Licensed to: Odeon A/S
Refleksjoner mellom 1 og 2 sek.
30
Eksist. bygg. – Pos. R3
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 metres
0
100
200
300
400 metres
L2
L6
L11
L14
L15
L16
L17
L18
P19P20P21P22P23P24P25P26
P27P28P29P30P31P32P33
P34P35P36P37P38P39P40P41
P42P43P44P45P46P47P48
P49P50P51P52P53P54P55P56
P57P58P59P60P61P62P63P64
P65P66P67P68P69P70P71
P72P73P74P75P76P77P78P79
P80P81P82P83P84P85P86P87
P88P89P90P91P92P93P94P95
P96P97P98P99P100P101P102P103
P104P105P106P107P108P109P110P111
P112P113P114P115P116P117P118P119
P120P121P122P123P124P125P126P127
P128P129P130P131P132P133P134P135
P136P137P138P139P140P141P142P143
P144P145P146P147P148P149P150P151P152P153P154P155P156P157P158P159P160P161P162P163P164P165P166P167P168P169P170P171P172P173P174
P175
P176P177P178P179P180P181P182P183P184P185P186P187P188
P189P190P191P192P193P194P195P196P197P198P199P200P201P202P203P204P205P206P207P208P209P210P211P212P213P214P215P216P217P218P219P220P221
P222P223P224P225
P226P227P228P229
P230P231P232P233
P234P235P236P237
P238P239P240P241
P242P243P244P245
P246P247P248P249
P250P251P252P253
P254P255P256P257
P258P259P260P261
P262
P263P264P265P266P267P268P269P270P271P272P273P274P275P276P277P278P279P280P281P282P283P284P285P286P287P288P289P290P291P292P293P294P295P296P297P298P299P300
3
Source: 226Surface: *Receiver*Refl.: 3Path : 1399,60Time : 4078Odeon©1985-2011 Licensed to: Odeon A/S
Alle refleksjoner opp til 3. orden
31
Alle bygg. – Pos. R3
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 metres
0
100
200
300
400 metres
L2
L6
L11
L14
L15
L16
L17
L18
P19P20P21P22P23P24P25P26
P27P28P29P30P31P32P33
P34P35P36P37P38P39P40P41
P42P43P44P45P46P47P48
P49P50P51P52P53P54P55P56
P57P58P59P60P61P62P63P64
P65P66P67P68P69P70P71
P72P73P74P75P76P77P78P79
P80P81P82P83P84P85P86P87
P88P89P90P91P92P93P94P95
P96P97P98P99P100P101P102P103
P104P105P106P107P108P109P110P111
P112P113P114P115P116P117P118P119
P120P121P122P123P124P125P126P127
P128P129P130P131P132P133P134P135
P136P137P138P139P140P141P142P143
P144P145P146P147P148P149P150P151P152P153P154P155P156P157P158P159P160P161P162P163P164P165P166P167P168P169P170P171P172P173P174
P175
P176P177P178P179P180P181P182P183P184P185P186P187P188
P189P190P191P192P193P194P195P196P197P198P199P200P201P202P203P204P205P206P207P208P209P210P211P212P213P214P215P216P217P218P219P220P221
P222P223P224P225
P226P227P228P229
P230P231P232P233
P234P235P236P237
P238P239P240P241
P242P243P244P245
P246P247P248P249
P250P251P252P253
P254P255P256P257
P258P259P260P261
P262
P263P264P265P266P267P268P269P270P271P272P273P274P275P276P277P278P279P280P281P282P283P284P285P286P287P288P289P290P291P292P293P294P295P296P297P298P299P300
3
Source: 137Surface: *Receiver*Refl.: 3Path : 1504,94Time : 4385Odeon©1985-2011 Licensed to: Odeon A/S
Alle refleksjoner opp til 3. orden
32
Left ear
time (seconds incl. f ilter delay)
2,42,221,81,61,41,210,80,60,40,2
p (
%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
-20
-40
-60
-80
-100
Right ear
time (seconds incl. f ilter delay)
2,42,221,81,61,41,210,80,60,40,2
p (
%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
-20
-40
-60
-80
-100
Odeon©1985-2011 Licensed to: Odeon A/S
Left ear
time (seconds incl. f ilter delay)
2,42,221,81,61,41,210,80,60,40,2
p (
%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
-20
-40
-60
-80
-100
Right ear
time (seconds incl. f ilter delay)
2,42,221,81,61,41,210,80,60,40,2
p (
%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
-20
-40
-60
-80
-100
Odeon©1985-2011 Licensed to: Odeon A/S
Pos. R3
Eksist. Bygg. 51,7 dB(A)
Alle Bygg. 56,7 dB(A)
Refleksioner fra nye bygg
Gir tillegg på 5,0 dB
33
Pos. 8
34
Pos. 8
Eksist. bygg
Alle bygg
35
Alle bygg - Pos. 8
Refleksjoner mellom 0,8 og 1,1 sek.
36
Alle bygg - Pos. 8
Refleksjoner mellom 1,1 og 1,4 sek.
37
Eksist. Bygg. 59,1 dB(A)
Alle Bygg. 61,7 dB(A)
Refleksjoner fra nye bygg
Gir tillegg på 2,6 dB
Pos. R8
38
7 mottaker punkter (100 m interval)
39
Sammenligning med CadnA
7 mottaker punkter
40
Sammenligning med CadnA
7 mottaker punkter
41
Nord2000 Road (2006)
Lydutbredelse og meteorologiske forhold
42
Konklusjon
Det er mulig at anvende ODEON til beregning av
veitrafikkstøy i byområder, hvor der er mange
refleksjoner
Som støykilder kan anvendes linjekilder eller rekker av
punktkilder med fx. 10 m avstand
Kildespektrum for bytrafikk etter NORDTEST
Overall gain settes lik LA,eq,10 m for hver veistrekning
God overensstemmelse med CadnA i avstander ca.
200 - 500 m.
Manglende krumme lydbaner medfører for høye
støynivåer i avstander over ca. 500 m