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COMMUNICATION SWITCHINGTECHNIQUES

PRESENTEDBY:-

CHANDKATARIA

M.B.A-I


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INTRODUCTION

A network consist of large number ofcomputer and various other intermediatedevices. All these devices and computerneed to be connected so as to transfer datafrom one computer other in the network.In order to provide one to onecommunication between the computers, onepossible way is to make point to pointconnection between the


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Each pair of devices i.e every computer in the

network is having a link with every othercomputer. However, this method requires lotof wiring and will increase the cost.


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DEFINATION

Another technique that can determine howconnections are made between the devicesand how data movement is handle isswitching.

A switched network consists of series ofinterlinked nodes called switches . Switchesare hardware and software devices that arecapable of creating temporary connectionsBetween two or more devices linked to theswitch.


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TYPES OF SWITCHING

Circuit switchingPacket switchingMessage switching

Switching

Circuitswitching

Packetswitching

Messageswitching


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CIRCUIT SWITCHING

In circuit switching the routing decisions is madewhen path is up across the network. After thelink has been set between the sender and

receiver, the information is forwardedcontinuously over the link.The dedicated Path established between thesender and the receiver is maintained for entire

duration of conversation.This link or path is released only when datatransmission between sender and receiver isover.


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Data transferred between the two stations

are not packetized.There is no addressing involved in datatransferred.

The telephone systems circuit switching isused.


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CIRCUIT SWITCHING

A

B

C

D

E

F

G


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ADVANTAGES

The dedicated path established betweensender and receiver provides a guaranteddata rate.Once the circuit is established, data istransmitted without any delay as there is nowaiting time at each switch.The method is suitable for long continuoustransmission.


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DISADVANTAGES

As the connection is dedicated it cannot beused to transmit any other data even if thechannel is free.

As resources are allocated for the entireduration of connection, these are notavailable to other connection.


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PACKET SWITCHING

In packet switching, message is broken upinto packets of fixed or variables size.Each packets includes a header thatcontains source address, destination addressand other control information.The size of a packet depends upon the typeof network and protocol used.In packet switching no resources areallocated


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ADVANTAGES

As the routing is done on the packet basis,the intermediate nodes do not have to waitfor the entire message, hence thetransmission is very fast.The network allowing many devices tocommunicate through the same networkchannel.


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DISADVANTAGES

Packets may be lost on their route, sosequence numbers are required to identifymissing packets.Switching nodes for packet switching requirelarge amount of RAM to handle largequantities of packets.


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MESSAGE SWITCHING

A message switching is a logical unit ofinformation and can be of any length.In message switching, if a station wishes tosend a message to another station, it firstadds the destination address to themessage.

No direct link is established from sender toreceiver.Each message is treated as an independentunit.


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ADVANTAGES

No physical connection is required betweenthe source and destination.It reduces the traffic congestion on networkbecause of stored and forward facility.


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DISADVANTAGE

No physical connection is required betweenthe source and destination.It provides efficient traffic management.It support the message length of unlimitedsize.

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