,ay; %d;W ituKj;J> nghd;kzp ituKj;J ftpijfspy; ,yf;fpaf; $Wfs;shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/60321/10/10... · 2018-07-08 · 138 ,d;W / tpkh;rfh;fs;” 1 vd;Dk; mbfs;

137

,ay; %d;W

ituKj;J> nghd;kzp ituKj;J ftpijfspy;

,yf;fpaf; $Wfs;

,yf;fpaj;jpw;F mo$l;Ltd mzpfs;. mtw;wpy; ctik> cUtk;

Mfpa ,uz;Lk; ngUk;ghd;ikahfg; gad;gLj;jg;gLtd. VjhtJ xU

epfo;r;rpiaNah ,aw;ifg; nghUl;fisNah $Wkplj;jpy; ,tw;iwr; nra;Aspy;

mikg;gJz;L. Gjpjhf ,yf;fpak; gilf;Fk; xUtd; Vw;fdNt cs;s

,yf;fpaq;fspypUe;J fijiaAk; fijkhe;jh;fisAk; jd; gilg;Gf;Fs;

nfhz;L tUfpwhd;. jhd; $wte;j fUj;Jf;F mf;fijAk; fijkhe;jh;fSk;

nghUj;jkhdth;fshf mikAk; NghJ> jd; gilg;gpy;; mtw;iwf; nfhz;L

tUfpwhd;. ,yf;fpaq;fspy; $wg;gl;l fijkhe;jh;fis kWthrpg;Gf;F

cl;gLj;jpg; ghh;;f;Fk;NghJ me;jg; ghj;jpuq;fisj; jpwdha;T nra;aNtz;ba

NjitAk; Vw;gLfpwJ. mj;jifa re;jh;g;gq;fspy; ,yf;fpar; nra;jpfs; xU

gilg;Gf;Fs; ,lk;ngWfpd;wd. me;j tifapy; ituKj;J> nghd;kzp

ituKj;J ftpijfspy; ,lk; ngw;Ws;s ,yf;fpaf;$Wfis Ma;tNj

,t;tpaypd; Nehf;fkhFk;.

3.1. njhy;fhg;gpak;

jkpopy; ,d;W fpilf;Fk; E}y;fSs; fhyj;jhy; Kw;gl;lJ njhy;

fhg;gpakhFk;. fp.K. Ie;jhk; E}w;whz;ilr; Nrh;e;jJ vd;W ngUk;ghd;ikahd

mwpQHfshy; Vw;Wf; nfhs;sg;gl;l ,e;E}y; vOj;J> nrhy; kl;Lkd;wp

nghUspyf;fzKk; $Wk; Kjy; E}yhFk;.

,Ugjhk; E}w;whz;bd; ,Wjpapy; vOj;jhsh;fSf;Fg; gQ;rkpy;iy.

mr;rfk; itj;Js;sth;fnsy;yhk; ftpij vOjp ntspapLfpd;wdh;. my;yJ

ftpij vOJNthnuy;yhk; nrhe;jkhf xU mr;rfj;ijj; njhlq;fptpLfpd;wdh;.

,e;epiy ePbg;gjhy; Vuhskhd E}y;fs; te;Jk; mtw;iwg; thrpf;fj;jhd;

Ml;fspy;iy vd;gij>

“tlNtq;flk; njd;Fkhp / Mapilj; / jkpo;$W

ey;Yyfj;Js; / gioa Gj;jf / tpahghhpfNs

138

,d;W / tpkh;rfh;fs;” 1

vd;Dk; mbfs; tpsf;Ffpd;wJ. jkpofk; KOtJk; ,e;epiy fhzg;gLfpwJ

vd;gijf; Fwpf;fj; njhy;fhg;gpaj;jpd; rpwg;Gg;ghapu thpfisf; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shh;.

3.2. rq;f ,yf;fpaq;fs;

3.2.1. FWe;njhif

el;G vd;Dk; fUj;jike;j ghly;fs; vd;why; ghhp-fgpyh; el;Gjhd;

Kjypy; ,lk;ngWk;. mth;fsJ el;G Fwpj;J neLq;ftpij xd;iw

vOjpAs;shh; ituKj;J. ghhpapd; gwk;G kiyr; RidePh; rq;fg; ghly;fs;

rpytw;wpy; Nghw;wg;gl;Ls;sJ. FWe;njhifapy;$l ‘ghhpapd; gdpr;Ridj;

njd;dPh; ijj;jpq;fs; jz;zpa jhpDk; nta;a cth;f;Fk; vd;wdph;’ vd;W

Gfog;gl;Ls;sJ. ghhpapd; gwk;G kiyapd; xt;nthU mq;Fyj;ijAk; urpj;Jg;

ghh;j;jNjhL gwk;gpd; RidePiuAk; Ritj;Jg; ghh;j;jth; fgpyh;. ,jid

ituKj;J>

“jha;g;ghiyg; NghyNt / gwk;gpd; Rid ePiuAk;

mtd; / Ritj;J Nerpj;jhd;” 2

vd;Dk; mbfspy; fgpyidf; Fwpg;gpLfpwhh;.

3.2.2. ghpghly;

kJiu efiug;gw;wp rq;f ,yf;fpaq;fspy; gj;Jg;ghl;bYk;> kJiuf;

fhQ;rpapYk; tphpthd Fwpg;Gfs; cs;sd. kJiuf;fhQ;rp kJiuefhpd;

rpwg;GfisAk;> njUf;fisAk; mLf;fpf;nfhz;Nl NghfpwJ. kJiuapd;

ngUikia>

“kJiu jhkiug; G+ntd;Wk; - mjd;

kyh;;e;j ,jNo njUntd;Wk;

,jopy; xl;ba jhJf;fs; - mit

vk;Fb kf;fs; jpunsd;Wk; - ghp

ghly; ghba ghy;kJiu

tl kJuhGhpapDk; Nky;kJiu” 3

vd;Dk; thpfspy; ghpghly; fUj;ijf; ftpQUk; gjpTnra;fpwhh;.

3.2.3. fypj;njhif

nghd;kzp ituKj;Jtpd; khztp xUj;jp jpUkz miog;gpjiof;

nfhLj;Jtpl;L jd; ntspehl;L tho;f;ifia epidj;J tUe;Jfpwhs;. mtSf;F

MWjy; nrhy;tjw;F ,yf;fpaj;jpypUe;J thpfisj; Njh;e;njLf;fpwhh; ftpQh;.

139

cld;Nghf;fpw;Fr; nrd;w jiytd; jiytpaiuj; Njbr;nry;Yk; nrtpypf;Ff;

fz;Nlhh; $Wtjhf fypj;njhifg; ghlnyhd;W gpd;tUkhW $WfpwJ.

“rPh;nfO ntz;Kj;jk; mzpgth;f;F my;yit>

ePUNs gpwg;gpDk; ePh;f;F mitjhk; vd;nra;Ak;?

NjUq;fhy; Ek;kfs; Ekf;Fk; Mq;F midaNs!” 4

vd;W mikAk; mg;ghly; fUj;ij xl;b>

“ePhpNy gpwe;j Kj;Jf;fis ,q;F / ePuh mzpAk;

NtnwhUtd;jhd; / vd;w fypj;njhifg; ghl;L

fspg;gha;f; Nfl;l / fpspg;gps;is eP / fhynky;yhkh

fy;Y}Hp thdpy; / gwf;f KbAk;?” 5

vd;W mwpTWj;jp ,y;tho;f;ifia kfpo;r;rpNahL njhlq;f mwpTWj;Jfpwhh;.

3.2.4. GwehD}W

goe;jkpohpd; tPuj;ijAk; gz;ghl;ilAk; NgRtJ GwehD}W. kdpjd;

tho;tjw;fhd ed;ndwpfisAk; tFj;Jr; nrhy;fpwJ ,e;E}y;. fzpad;

G+q;Fd;wdhhpd; ‘ahJk; CNu ahtUk; Nfsph;’ vd;Dk; ghlypy; ,lk;ngWk;

“jPJk; ed;Wk; gpwh;ju thuh” 6 vd;Dk; mbiaf; ftpQh; gad;gLj;Jfpwhh;.

ekf;F tUk; Jd;gq;fSf;Fk; ,d;gq;fSf;Fk; ehk; nra;Ak; nray;fNs

fhuzNk xopag; gpwiuf; fhuzkhf;FtJ rhpay;y vd;gijNa fzpaDk;

$wpdhh;. ftpQh; ituKj;JTk; ,f;fUj;ij czh;j;j te;jNghJ ‘fhyNk

vd;idf; fhg;ghw;W’ vd;Dk; ftpijapy;>

“fhyNk / vd;idf; / fhg;ghw;W / jPJk; ed;Wk;

gpwh;ju thuh / vd;gJ vdf;F Vw;Gilj;njd;gjhy;” 7

vDk; ghlypy; ,t;thpia ifahz;Ls;sshh;.

Rje;jpu ehl;by; thOk; kf;fs; jq;fs; kdjpy; Njhd;Wk; fUj;ij

ntspg;gLj;Jk; tha;g;G ,y;yhky; ,d;Dk; mbikfshfNt cs;sdh;.

Rje;jpuk; vdJ gpwg;Ghpik vd;gnjy;yhk; Rk;kh. vijf; Fwpj;Jk; Nfs;tp

vOg;g Kbahky; kdJf;Fs;NsNa kUtpf; fplf;Fk; tho;f;if Rje;jpu

tho;f;ifahFkh vd;gJ ftpQhpd; Nfs;tp. jd; tpUg;gk; Nghy tho;e;J

nry;Yk; tho;f;if xUtDf;F tha;f;ftpy;iy vd;Dk;NghJ Rje;jpuj;jhy;

vd;dgad; vd;W Nfl;fpwhh;. vtw;wpnyy;yhk; jdf;fhd Rje;jpuk; gwpNghfpwJ

vd;W gl;baypl;Lf;nfhz;Nl tUk; ftpQh;>

140

“ePh;topg; g^ck; GizNghy ehDk;

ejptopg;gl;Lf; flyilaf; $ltpy;iy” 8

vd;Dkplj;jpy; GwehD}w;W thpfshfpa>

“ePh;topg; g^ck; GizNghy Mh; caph;;

Kiwtopg; g^ck;” 9

vd;gjidg; gad;gLj;jpAs;shh;.

GwehD}w;wpy; ts;sy; gyiuf; fhz;fpNwhk;. mth;fSs; jkpOf;fha;

jd; jiyiaAk; nfhLf;f Kd;te;jth; Fkzd;. ‘thioab thio’ vd;Dk;

ftpijapy; thioapd; nfhiliaf; Fwpg;gpl te;j ftpQh; Fkzdpd;

nfhilNahL xg;gpLfpwhh;.

“ts;sy;fis tpQ;Rfpd;w / thio ,e;j thio

Fkzd; jd; jiyiaf; / nfhLg;gjha;j; jhd; nrhd;dhd;

,JNth / Fiynad;Dk; jiyiaf; / nfhLj;Nj tpLfpwJ” 10

vd;Dkplj;jpy; ,yf;fpar; nra;jpiaf; Nfhbl;Lf; fhl;Lfpwhh;.

ghhpapd; gwk;G kiyia %Nte;jUk; Kw;Wifaplf; fUjpaNghJ fgpyh;

mth;fsplk; ghprpyh;Nghy Mbf;nfhz;Lk; ghbf;nfhz;Lk; nrd;W ahrpj;jhy;

jUthNd xopa Nghh; nra;J gwk;G kiyiaf; ifg;gw;WtJ if$lhJ

vd;W $Wfpwhh;. mt;topapNyNa gwk;Gkiy ifg;gw;wg;gl;l NghJ ghhp

nfhy;yg;gl;lhd;. ,jid>

“xU / fWg;Gg; gfypy; / ghhpapd; Mtp / gwpf;fg;gl;ljhy;

gwk;Gkiy - jd; / cauk; Fiwe;jJ. / mtd; ftpijf;F

thh;j;ijfs; toq;fpa / me;j kiy

uhj;jphpr; rhiyNghy; / ntwpr;Nrhbtpl;lJ.” 11

vd;W Jauj;Jld; Fwpg;gpLfpwhh;. ghhpapd; kiwTf;Fg;gpwF ghhpapd; kfsph;

mq;fit> rq;fitf;Ff; fgpyh; milf;fyk; nfhLj;jhh; vd;gJ ,yf;fpar;

nra;jp.

3.3. gjpndz;fPo;f;fzf;F E}y;

3.3.1. jpUf;Fws;

‘gpzk;’ vd;Dk; jiyg;gpyike;j ftpijapy; caph; ePj;Jtpl;l cliyg;

gytpjkhfg; NgRfpwhh;. mt;tplj;jpy; ts;Sthpd; Fwisg; gad;gLj;Jfpwhh;.

“kaph;ePg;gpd; thohf; fthpkh md;dhh;

141

caph;ePg;gh; khdk; thpd;” 12

vd;Dk; Fws; fUj;J> ftpQhpd; ftpijapy;>

“kapUjph;e;jhy; thohj khdKs;s khd;Nghy

caphpoe;j ntl;fj;jhy; xbe;Jtpl;l jd;khdp!” 13

vd ,lk;ngw;Ws;sJ.

kdpjh;fisf; fhl;bYk; tpyq;Ffs; gy tpjj;jpy; rpwe;jit. mtw;wplk;

ehk; fw;Wf;nfhs;sj;jf;f ew;gz;Gfs; Vuhsk; cs;sd. xt;nthU tpyq;Fk;

ekf;F Mrhdhf ,Ue;J fw;Wf;nfhLf;fpd;wd. tpyq;Ffs; ek;iktpl

khdKs;sit. gpwh;fhypy; tpOtJ> fhy; gpbg;gJ> %lek;gpf;if Kjyhd

jPagz;Gfs; tpyq;Ffsplk; fhzKbahjit. mjdhy; mtw;wplKs;s

ew;gz;Gfisf; fw;W mtw;iwg; Nghy elf;f ehk; KayNtz;Lk; vd

mwpTWj;j epidf;Fk;NghJ ‘fw;f fw;wgpd; epw;f mjw;Fj; jf’ vd;Dk; Fws;

thpiaf;nfhz;L mwpTWj;Jfpwhh;.

rKjhaj;jpy; guj;jik xOf;fk; epytpaNghJk; rhd;Nwhh;fs; mijj;

njhlh;e;J fz;bj;J te;jpUf;fpd;wdh;. cyfk; KOtjpYk; gy;NtW

rkaq;fspYk; ,g;guj;jik xOf;fk; jz;bf;fg;gl;bUf;fpwJ. MdhYk;>

gytpjkhd fhuzq;fshy; ghy;tpidahspfs; Njhd;wpf;nfhz;Ljhd;

,Uf;fpwhh;fs;. ,th;fsplk; Neh;fhz;gJ Nghd;w ftpijnahd;wpy;

ghy;tpidahspaplk; gy Nfs;tpfisf; Nfl;Fk; ftpQh; ‘fhjhur; nrhy;

Nfl;Nghk;’ vd;W vOg;gpa Nfs;tpf;F>

“jf;fhh; jftpyh; vd;gJ mtuth;

cr;rj;jhw; fhzg; gLk;” 14

vd;W gjpyspg;gjhf mikj;Js;shh;. ,jpy; Fwspd; xU rPiu khw;wpaikj;Jg;

ghy;tpidahsp gjpy; $Wtjpy; mth;fSila epiy fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ.

ehk; nra;Ak; ve;jr; nraYf;Fs;Sk; ed;ikAk; jPikAk; fye;Nj

,Uf;fpwJ. ehk; vLj;Jf;nfhs;Sk; tpjj;ijg; nghUj;Nj cwTk; gifAk;

mikAk;. ,jid> ejpf;fiu kuj;jpd; %yk; ekf;F czh;j;Jfpwhh;.

fiuNahuk; ,Uf;Fk; nghpa kuj;jpd; Ntiu ejpapd; jz;zPh; mhpj;Jf;nfhz;L

XLfpwJ. mjdhy; Nth; KOtJk; ntspj;njhpfpwJ. Nth; mhpf;fg;gl;ljhy;

kuj;jpd; typik rw;Wf; Fiwe;JtpLk;. mNjrkak; ,t;tsT ehl;fSk;

ePhpd;wpf; fha;e;J nfhz;bUe;j NtUf;F ePh; fpilj;jpUf;fpwJ. mjdhy; kuk;

142

gpioj;Jf;nfhs;Sk;. jd; Nth;fis mhpj;j ejpapd;Nky; Nfhgk; nfhs;shky;

Nth;fis eidj;jjw;fhf kuk; ed;wp nrhy;fpwJ. ,r;nray; ekf;Fj; jPik

nra;Ak; xUtUf;Fk; ehk; ed;wpNa epidf;fNtz;Lk; vd;w fUj;ij

czh;j;JfpwJ. ts;Sth;>

“,d;dh nra;jhiu xWj;jy; mth;ehz

ed;dak; nra;Jtply;” 15

vd;W Fwspy; $wpapUf;Fk; fUj;ij mbnahw;wp ituKj;JTk;>

“,d;dh nra;jhUf;Fk; ,dpaNt nra;” 16

vd;W kuj;jpd; $w;whff; $wpAs;shh;.

G+kpapy; cs;s caphpdq;fs; XuwpT Kjy; MwwpT tiu midj;Jk;

Nky; Nehf;fpNa tsh;fpd;wd. mtw;wpd; tsh;r;rpf;F cWJizahf ,Ug;gJ

kio. kio ,y;yhky; Nghdhy; tsh;r;rp ,y;iy. kio fUiz tbthdJ.

mjdhy;jhd; mJ midj;J caph;fSf;Fk; jiyik jhq;FfpwJ. mJNghy

fUiz cs;stNd kdpj caph;fSf;Fj; jiyik jhq;fKbAk; vd;W

fUizapd; rpwg;Gf; $wte;j ,lj;jpy; kioiar; rpwg;gpf;fpwhh; ituKj;J.

,jid>

“tpRk;gpd; JsptPopd; my;yhy; kw;whq;Nf

gRk;Gy; jiyfhz;g jhpJ” 17

vd;Dk; Fws; fUj;ij mbnahw;wpf; ftpQh; mth;fs; fPo;tUkhW $wpAs;shh;.

“fPo;Nehf;fpg; nghopAk; / kiokl;Lk; ngha;j;Jtpbd;

Nky;Nehf;fp tsh;td / G+kpapy; VJ?” 18

vd;gJ ftpQhpd; Nfs;tpahf cs;sJ.

rphpg;G vd;gJ Neha; jPh;f;Fk; kUe;J. gpwiug; Gz;gLj;jhj rphpg;Ng

tpUk;gg;gLtJ. jd;Dila kdkfpo;r;rpiar; rphpg;ghf ntspg;gLj;j Ntz;LNk

xopa> gpwUila Jd;gk; fz;L kfpo;tNjh gpwiu Vsdkhff; fUjp rphpg;gNjh

$lhJ. jd;Dila Jd;gk; fz;L jhNd rphpf;Fk; kNdhghtk; tha;f;Fk;

NghJjhd; ek;khy; tho;f;ifapy; Jd;gq;fis vjph;nfhz;L thoKbAk;.

,jid>

“,Lf;fz; tUq;fhy; eFf mjid

mLj;J}h;t j/njhg;g jpy;” 19

vd;fpwhh; ts;Sth;. ,f;Fwisj; jOtp>

143

“,Lf;fz; tUq;fhy; / eFf vd;whd; ts;Std;

rpyh; eifj;jhy;jhd; / ,Lf;fz;Nz tUfpwJ” 20

vd;Dk; ftpijapy; Fws; fUj;ijf; nfhz;L tpsf;Ffpwhh;.

ngha; nrhy;yf; $lhJ vd;Wjhd; vy;yh mwE}y;fSk; mwpTWj;Jfpd;wd.

Mdhy;> eilKiwapy; Mapuk; ngha;iar; nrhy;ypahtJ xU jpUkzj;ij

elj;jyhk; vd;W cs;sJ. ts;Stg; ngUe;jifNah ehk; nrhy;Yk; xU

ngha;ahy; ed;ik tpisAkhdhy; ngha; nrhy;yyhk; vd;fpwhh;. ,jid>

“ngha;k;;ikAk; tha;ik aplj;j GiujPh;e;j

ed;ik gaf;F nkdpd;” 21

vd;w Fwspd; fUj;ij cWjpahfg; gpbj;Jf;nfhz;L kf;fs; Vuhskhd

ngha;fisf; $w jaq;Ftjpy;iy vd;fpwhh;. ‘rj;jpa jhprdk;’ vd;Dk;

ftpijapy; nghd;kzp ituKj;J rj;jpaj;jplk; ciuahLtjhf mike;Js;sJ.

mjpy; rj;jpakhfpa cd;idg; gw;wp ts;Sth; epiwag; ghbapUf;fpwhNu

vd;fpwhh;. mjw;Fr; rj;jpak;>

“Fw;wk; ,y;yhj ed;ik jUnkd;why;

ngha;Ak;$l / nka;Nghyj;jhd; vd;W ghbapUf;fpwhh;

mtrpak; fUjp mth; ghbaij

trjpahf;fpf; nfhz;lhh;fNs” 22

vd;W tUj;jg;gl;lJ. nghJthfNt ek; ehl;by; fLikahd rl;lq;fs;

tFf;fg;gl;lhYk;> mr;rl;lj;jpy; rpW tpjptpyf;F ,Ue;jhYk;> mijf; fhl;bj;

jg;gpg;gJNghy ts;Sthpd; ,f;Fwisg; gad;gLj;jpj; jk; nray;fSf;F

epahak; fw;gpj;Jf; nfhs;fpd;wdh; vd;gij ntspg;gLj;Jfpwhh;.

3.4. ,ul;ilf;fhg;gpaq;fs;

3.4.1. rpyg;gjpfhuk;

‘neQ;iras;Sk; rpyg;gjpfhuk;’ vd;W ghujpahuhy; Gfog;gl;l rpwg;GilaJ

rpyk;G. jd;Dzh;r;rpg; ghly;fshf ,Ue;J te;j jkpo;f; ftpij kugpy;

Kjd;Kjypy; fhg;gpaj;ij ,aw;wpg; Gul;rp nra;jth; ,sq;Nfhtbfs;. ,jd;

rpwg;Gf; Fwpj;J vOe;j E}y;fs; vz;zw;wit. ,e;E}iyf; Fwpj;Jg; Ngrhj

ftpQHfs; ,y;iy. mt;thpirapy; ftpQh; ituKj;JTk; ghy;tpidahsp

gw;wpa ftpijapy; khwpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; ,t;Tyfpy; khwhky; ,Ug;gJ

ngz;izg; ghypay; njhopyhspahf itj;jpUg;gJjhd; vd;fpwhh;. Njtjhrpf;

144

FLk;gj;jpy; gpwe;j xUj;jp mjpypUe;J kPz;L FLk;gg; ngz;zhf khwpdhy;

ey;y FLk;gj;jpy; gpwe;j xUj;jp Njtjhrpahf khWfpwhs;. ,j;jifa khw;wk;

njhlh;e;J epfo;e;Jnfhz;Nl ,Uf;fpwJ. ,e;epiyiaf; Fwpf;ff; ftpQh;;>

“khjtp kfnshUj;jp / fz;zfpahdhy;

fz;zfp kfnshUj;jp / khjtpaha;” 23

vd;Dk; thpfspy; fz;zfp - khjtp gbkj;ijg; gad;gLj;Jfpwhh;.

kJiu efuk; njhd;ikr; rpwg;G tha;e;jJ. gz;ila tuyhw;NwhL

njhlh;GilaJ. filr;rq;fk; jkpio tsh;j;jg; ngUikf;FhpaJ. ghz;bah;fspd;

jiyefukha; ,Ue;jJ. ,e;efuj;jpd; ngUikfisg; gl;baypl;LtUk; ftpQh;>

,e;efuk; ,d;W rhjpaj;jpd; gpbapy; rpf;fpj; jtpf;fpwJ. gy;NtW

rpwg;Gf;fSf;Fg; ngah;ngw;w efuk; ,d;W rhjpf;fytuq;fSf;Fk;

jPz;lhikf;Fk; ngah; ngw;wpUf;fpwJ vd;W tUe;Jfpwhh;. xUfhyj;jpy;

ePjpf;Fg; ngah;ngw;w ,e;efuj;jpy; ,d;W> rhjpahy; jho;e;j kf;fSf;F mePjp

,iof;fg;gl;L tUtijf; Fwpg;gpLfpwhh;. ,jid>

“njd;dd; ePjp gpioj;jjdhy; - mJ

njhpe;J kuzk; mioj;jjdhy;

fz;zfp jpUfp vwpe;jjdhy; - mts;

fe;jf Kiyapy; vhpe;jjdhy;

ePjpf; fQ;rpa njhd;kJiu - ,d;W

[hjpf; fQ;Rk; njd;kJiu” 24

vd;Dk; mbfspy; ePjp epiyehl;lg;gl;lij czh;j;Jfpwhh;.

3.4.2. kzpNkfiy

tujl;rizf; nfhLik Fwpj;Jg; gy ftpijfspy; ftpQH ituKj;J

NgrpapUf;fpwhh;. ngw;Nwhh;fs; gyh; ngz;zpd; tUkhdj;jpy; tho;e;J

nfhz;bUf;Fk; epiy fhzg;gLfpwJ. Kjy;Njjpahdhy; fpilf;Fk; mtsJ

tUkhdk; Ngha;tplf;$lhNj vd;gjw;fhfNt gy ngw;Nwhh;fs; ngz;zpd;

jpUkzj;ijj; js;spg; Nghlf;$ba mtyKk; elf;fpwJ vd;gijg; gjpT

nra;fpwhh;. ngz;zpd; khjr; rk;gsk; ngw;Nwhh;fSf;F mKjRugpahfj;

Njhd;Wtjhy;> mtSf;Fj; jpUkzk; nra;ahky; kzpNkfiyahfNt

,Uf;ff;$lhjh vd epidf;;Fk; epiy epyTfpwJ vd;gij>

“xz;zhe;Njjp mKjRugpfs;

itj;jpUg;gjhy; / rpy ngw;Nwhh;fs; mth;fis

145

kzpNkfiyfsha; / khw;wptpl;ldh;” 25

vd;fpwhh; ftpQh;. NkYk;> ‘jpUj;jp vOjpa jPh;g;Gfs;’ vd;Dk; E}ypYk;> ,Nj

fUj;jike;j ftpij ‘tpj;jpahr md;dq;fs;’ vd;Dk; jiyg;gpYk;

mike;Js;sJ. ,jid>

“fy;ahzj; JwTG+z;L / ngw;NwhUf;F

Kjy;Njjp mKjRugpfsha; / tho;e;Jnfhz;L

,d;Dk; ek;kpil / vj;jid kzpNkfiy?” 26

vd;w ,f;ftpijapYk; mKjRugpia vd;Dk; xg;gPl;ilr; nra;fpwhh;.

ftpQh; nghd;kzp ituKj;J md;id njurh Fwpj;J vOjpa ftpij

nahd;wpy; mtUila tw;whj md;igAk; Fiwahj ,uf;fj;ijAk; mKj

Rugpf;F ,izahf;Ffpwhh;. ,jid>

“md;Gr; RugpNae;jpa / ,d;ndhU kzpNkfiy” 27

vd;w thpfspy; md;idapd; fUiziag; ghuhl;Lfpwhh;.

kzpNkfiyf;F md;W kf;fs;Nrit nra;tjw;Fg; ngz; cUtk;

jilahf ,Ue;Js;sJ. Mz; cUf;nfhz;L rQ;rhpj;jpUf;fpwhs;. Mdhy;>

md;id njurh ngz;ZUtpNyNa jd; Nritiaj; njhlh;e;J nra;J gy

,d;dy;fSf;fpilapYk; jd; Fwpf;Nfhspy; cWjpahf ,Ue;J nray;gl;bUf;fpwhh;.

3.5. uj;dhtsp

tlnkhop gQ;r fhtpaq;fSs; xd;W uj;dhtsp. Jsrpjhruhy;

,aw;wg;gl;lJ. ,tUk; ngz;zpd; nka;jhd; Qhdk; vd;gijj; jd;Dila

fhtpaj;jpy; $wpapUf;fpwhh;. ,th; mt;thW $Wtjw;fhd rhj;jpak; vt;tpjk;

tha;j;jnjdpy; ,tUila kidtp uj;dhtsp %ykhfj;jhd; vd;gij>

“ngz;zpd; nka;Na / Qhdnkd;w / JsrpjhrUf;F

nka;Q;Qhdk; nrhd;dNj / mth; kidtp uj;dhtspjhd;” 28

vd;Dk; mbfspy; ntspg;gLj;jpAs;shh;.

3.6. gf;jp ,yf;fpaq;fs;

3.6.1. jpUehTf;furh;

,yf;fpaj;jpy; ehafd; ehafp ghtk; jpUehTf;furh; fhyj;jpypUe;Nj

njhlq;FfpwJ. ehTf;furh; jd;idj; jiytpahff; fUjp rptngUkhdplk;

fhjy; nfhz;ljhfg; ghbAs;shh;. ,jid>

146

“Kd;dk; mtSila ehkk; Nfl;lhs;

%h;j;jp mtdpUf;Fk; tz;zk; Nfl;lhs;” 29

vd;Dk; ghlypy; fhjy; tag;gl;l md;Nw jiytpapd; epiy khwptpLtjhf

mike;Js;sJ. fhjy; tag;glhky; jpUkzk; nra;Jnfhs;Sk; ngz;fSk;

jpUkzj;jpw;Fg; gpwF jd; ngaiuf;$l kwe;J FLk;gj;jpw;fhfj; njhiye;J

Nghfpwhh;fs; vd;fpwhh; nghd;kzp ituKj;J. ,jid>

“Njthuk; / ehafehafp ghtk; ghLk;

jd;id kwe;jhs; / jd;Ngh; kwe;jhs;

Ch; kwe;jhs; / jiyg;gl;lhs; eq;if

jiytd; jhNs” 30

vd;w thpfs;%yk; czh;j;Jfpwhh;. Mdhy; ,d;iwa ngz;fSf;F>

“jhypfl;b te;jgpd; / jdpaha; mtSf;F

,Ug;gjpy;iy CUk;NgUk;” 31

vd;W ftpQH $WtjpypUe;J FLk;gj;jpw;fhf ,th;fs; nra;Ak; jpahfk;

ntspg;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ.

3.6.2 jpUke;jpuk;

jpUke;jpuk; gd;dpUjpUKiwfspy; gj;jhtjhf mike;J gf;jpf;

fUj;Jfisf; nfhz;ljhf ,Ue;jhYk;> ,iwiag; gw;wpg; gpw ,yf;fpaq;fs;

$WtjpypUe;J NtWgl;ljhf cs;sJ. ,jd; Mrphpauhd jpU%yh; ,iw

vd;gJ ekf;Fs;Nsjhd; ,Uf;fpwJ@ NtW ,lq;fspy; mjidj; Njl

Ntz;bajpy;iy vd;W czh;j;jpath;.

jpU%yh; ekf;Fs;NsNa ,iwtd; cs;shd; vd;W ghbath;. mtUila

fUj;ij mt;thNw $wpa ftpQh; nghd;kzp> ngz;izAk; ,iwf;F epfuhff;

fhz;fpwhh; vd;gjid>

“CDf;Fs; <rd; / Nfhapy; nfhz;bUg;gjhy;

clk;igf; fhf;fpd;Nwd; / vd;whh; jpU%yh;

ngz;Zk; mg;gbNa! / mts;

jdf;Fr; nra;Jnfhs;Sk;

myq;fhunky;yhk; / jdf;Fs;spUf;Fk;

mk;gpiff;Fr; nra;Ak; / myq;fhuNk” 32

vd;Dk; ftpij thpfs; mtUila ngz;ik kPjhd kjpg;gPl;ilf;

fhl;Lfpd;wd.

147

3.6.3. fhiuf;fhyk;ikahh;

fhiuf;fhyk;ikahh; ,sikapNyNa ,iwahw;wy; tha;f;fg;ngw;W

fztidg; gphpe;J tho;e;jth;. fztDf;Fg; gad;glhj ,e;j ,sik vjw;F

vd;W NgAUf;nfhz;L jphpe;jjhff; $wg;gLfpwJ. ,sikapNyNa fpilf;fg;

ngw;w nka;Q;QhdNk fhiuf;fhyk;ikf;F ,Wjptiu tho;f;ifahfpg;

NghdJ. ngUk;ghd;ikahd ngz;fSf;F ,t;thW ,sikapy; tha;f;Fk;

nka;Q;Qhdk; ,Wjptiuf;Fk; njhluj;jhd; nra;fpwJ vd;gij>

“fhiuf;fhyk;ikNghy; / nka;Q;QhdNk ngz;Zf;F

tho;f;ifahap Ug;gJz;L” 33

vd;w ftpijapd; %yk; fhiuf;fhyk;ikahhpd; epiyNahL nghUj;jpf;

fhl;Lfpwhh;.

3.6.4. nghpaGuhzk;

fhjiy ntspg;gLj;j tpUk;Gk;NghJ ,yf;fpaf; $wpidg; gad;gLj;Jfpwhh;

ftpQh; ituKj;J. mj;ij kfsplk; Miraha;g; Ngrj; jdpahf mioj;Jg;

ghh;f;fpwhd; khkd;. mts; ntl;fg;gl;L Xbg;Ngha; tpl;lhs;. ,tdJ Mir

$lhjjhy; ehisf;fhtJ tuNtz;Lk; vd;whd;.

“Xh;ehs; / rphpg;gpdhy; mioj;Jg; ghh;j;Njd;

re;jd Nkdp jd;idr; / rurkha; mirj;Jf; fhl;bg;

ge;njd Xbg; Nghdhs; / gjpYf;Fr; rphpj;jhs;: ehDk;

ee;jdhh; Nghy kPz;Lk; / ehisf;Nf vd;W nrhd;Ndd;” 34

vd;w thpfs; thapyhf ee;jdhh; jpy;iyr; rptidj; jhprpf;f ehisf;Fg;

Nghfyhk; vd;W ehl;fisj; js;spaijg;Nghy ,Ug;gjhff; fhj;jpUj;jYf;F

,yf;fpar; nra;jpia xg;gpLfpwhh;.

Vio xUtd; epfo;fhyj;jpy; Jd;gg;gl;Lf; nfhz;bUf;fpwhd;. vjph;

fhykhtJ Rfk; jUkh vd;W fz;zPh; tbf;fpwhd;. mtd; tbj;j fz;zPhpy;

eide;J eide;J fl;bapUe;j fe;ijAk; iee;JNghdJ. ee;jdhiug; Nghy

ehisahtJ ek; tho;tpy; khw;wk; epfohjh vd vjph;ghh;j;jNghJk; vjph;fhyk;

vd;d nfhLj;Jtplg; NghfpwJ vd epidf;fpwhd;. ,f;fUj;jpid

typAWj;Jtjhff; fPo;f;fhZk; ftpij mike;Js;sJ.

“ee;jdhh; Nghy ey;y / ehspidg; ghh;f;Fk; Viof;(F)

ve;jehs; te;j NghJk; / vjph;fhyk; vd;d ey;Fk;?

Ie;jpNy Ie;J Nghf / mfg;gLk; tpiljhd; ey;Fk;” 35

148

3.6.5. Mz;lhs;

ehuhazd;Nky; fhjy;nfhz;L mtidNa kzhsdhf mile;j

ngUikf;Fhpatshfg; gf;jp ,yf;fpaq;fs; Mz;lhis gilj;Jf;

fhl;Lfpd;wd. Mdhy; ,d;W tujl;riz thq;fhky; ve;j Mz;kfDk;;

jpUkzk; nra;Jnfhs;sr; rk;kjpg;gjpy;iy. mjdhy;> ey;y fztd; tha;f;f

tpbaw;fhypNy ePuhb Nehd;gpUe;jhy; kl;Lk; NghjhJ epiwa eiffSk;

gzKk; ,Ue;jhy; kl;LNk kzk; tha;f;Fk; vd;gij>

“ghub ghh;… / ntspr;rk; cjpuhj fUg;G tpbaypy;

mtuth; fz;fspNyNa / ePuhbf; nfhz;L…

Mapuk; czh;TfNshL / Nghuhbf; nfhz;L…

cd; / tpy;ypGj;J}h;j; Njhopfs; ,d;Dk;

tPl;bNyNa ,Uf;fpwhh;fs; / ntt;NtW tPLfspy;…

ntt;NtW Ch;fspy;… / ntt;NtW ngah;fspy;…” 36

vd;W ngz;fspd; epiyiag; ghbaNjhL epy;yhky; tUq;fhyj;jpy; tud;

Ntz;Lnkd;why; tujl;riz ,d;wp KbahJ. vdNt tujl;riz Nfl;fhj

khg;gps;isfs; tUk;tiu ,e;jg; ngz;fSf;F taJ $lhky;

khh;f;fz;Nladpfsha; ,Uf;Fk;gb cd; khjtdplk; tuk; thq;fpj;jh vd;W

Mz;lhsplk; Nfhhpf;if xd;iwAk; itf;fpwhh; nghd;kzp ituKj;J.

3.7. ,jpfhrq;fs;

3.7.1. ,uhkhazk;

jkpo;f; fhg;gpaq;fspy; rpwe;j ,lk; ngw;wpUg;gJ fk;gUila

,uhkhazkhFk;. ,jd; rpwg;Gzh;e;J ghujpAk; ahkwpe;j GythpNy

fk;giug;Nghy; ts;Stidg;Nghy; ,sq;Nfhitg;Nghy; vd;W $Wkplj;jpy;

fk;giu Kd;dpWj;Jfpwhh;. fk;gh; fhyj;Jf;F Kd;Gtiu jkpo;r; r%fj;jpy;

guj;jik kpFe;jpUe;jJ. Mz;fs; vj;jid ngz;fis Ntz;LkhdhYk;

kze;J nfhs;syhk; my;yJ Njtjhrpfspd; ,y;yq;fis ehlyhk;. Mdhy;>

ngz;Zf;F kl;Lk; fw;G typAWj;jg;gl;L te;jJ. ,uhkazj;jpd;

Kjd;ikahd Nehf;fNk xUtDf;F xUj;jp vd;Dk; gz;ghl;il cUthf;f

Ntz;Lk; vd;gNjahFk;. ,jid>

“newpnfl;l Njt jhrp / newpte;J Nrh;e;j ehspy;

rhpnad;W nrhy;ypr; Nrhoh; / rl;lq;fs; nra;j ehspy;

xUtDf; nfhUj;jp vd;w / cah;Ntjk; je;j cd;idf;

149

fUtpUe; jPd;w jhapd; / fhy;fis tzq;f Ntz;Lk;” 37

vd;Dk; thpfspy; ftpQh; czh;j;Jfpd;whh;. ,r;rpe;jidf;fhff; fk;giug;

ghuhl;l epidf;Fk; ftpQh; mtUila jhia tzq;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W

tpUk;Gfpwhh;.

gj;jhk; E}w;whz;Lf;Fg; gpwF jkpo;nkhopapy; xU Njf;fk; fhzg;gl;lJ.

ciuahrphpah;fs; Njhd;wp gioa ,yf;fpa ,yf;fzq;fSf;F ciu

vOJtJk; rpw;wpyf;fpa tiffs; xd;wpuz;L Njhd;WtJk; vd;wpUe;j epiyia

khw;wpj; jkpopy; fhg;gpaq;fs; Nghd;W cah;e;j ,yf;fpaq;fs; Njhd;w

topfhl;bath; fk;gh;. ,jid>

“jlk;khwpr; nrd;w vq;fs; / jkpo;j;Njiu epkph;j;J itj;j

filahzp fk;gh ce;jd; / ifapNy ,Ue;j Mzp” 38

vd;Dk; mbfspy; ,f;fUj;ijg; ngwitf;fpwhh; ituKj;J.

neUg;G fz;Lgpbf;fg;gl;ljd; Nehf;fj;ijNa kdpjd; rpijj;jhd;.

neUg;igf; flTshf topgl;ldh;. neUg;ig jPgq;fspy; Vw;wp topgl;ldh;.

Fsph; fha;tjw;fhfTk;> tpyq;Ffis tpul;lTk;> rikf;fTk;> irif GhpaTk;>

fUtpfs; nra;aTk;> fspkz;izr; Rl;Lg; ghj;jpuq;fshf;fTk; gad;gl;l

neUg;ig ngz;zpd; fw;igr; Nrhjpj;jwpAk; fUtpahf khw;wpdhd; kdpjd;.

Kjd; Kjypy; ,uhkhazj;jpy;jhd; ngz; jd; fw;ig ep&gpf;f jPf;Fspf;f

Ntz;Lk; vd;W tw;GWj;jg;gl;lJ. Vfgj;jpdp tpujd; vd;Wk; gpwd;kid

Nehf;fhg; Nguhz;ikahsd; vd;Wk;> Gfog;gl;l ,uhkd; ,r;nrayhy; gyuJ

tpkh;rdj;Jf;Fk; Mshfpwhd; vd;gij>

“fUtp nra;a - fspkz; Rlg; / gad;gl;l neUg;ig

fw;igf; fz;lwpAk; jh;kh kPl;luha;

mOf;Fr; nra;jhd; mNahj;jp kd;dd;” 39

vd;Dk; mbfspy; neUg;G mOf;if ePf;fpg; Gdpjg;gLj;jpaJ Ngha; jd;Dila

nrayhy; neUg;igNa mOf;Fr; nra;Jtpl;lhd; ,uhkd; vd;W

Mjq;fg;gLfpwhh; ituKj;J.

rPij jPf;Fspj;jij tpkh;rpj;j ftpQh; ,uhkDf;F Mjuthf

mr;nraYf;fhd epahaj;ijf; $Wfpwhh;. ,uhkdJ je;ijahfpa jrujd;

,we;jNghJ mtuJ cliy neUg;G Rl;ljhy; me;neUg;Gf;Fr; #Litf;f

rPijiaj; jPf;Fspf;fr; nra;jhd; vd;gjid>

150

“fWg;Gf;Fs; mof dhd / fhFj;jd; rPij jd;id

neUg;Gf;Fs; ,wq;fr; nrhd;dhd; / ePjpah vd;W Nfl;gPh;

kWtpyhj; je;ij md;W / khpj;jJk; Rl;l jhNy

neUg;Gf;Fr; #L Nghl / epidj;jJ jg;gh? ,y;iy” 40

vd;Dk; thpfs; thapyhff; ftpQh; epahak; fw;gpf;fpwhh;.

,d;Ws;s <og;gpur;rpidia ,uhkhazf;fhg;gpaj;NjhL njhlh;GgLj;Jfpwhh;.

,uhtzDld; ele;j Nghhpy; ,yq;ifia neUg;Gf;F ,iuahf;fpdhd;

,uhkd;. md;W gw;wpa jP ,d;Dk; mizatpy;iy. md;W ,Ue;jJNghd;w

tPuk;kpf;f jkpoh;fs; ,d;W ,y;yhjjhy;jhNdh vd;dNth ,e;epiy ePbf;fpwJ

vd;gij>

“<oj;jpy; vhpe;j jPNa! / ,d;DNkd; miza tpy;iy?

Vyj;jpy; NghFk; rPij / vz;zpf;if Fiwa tpy;iy

Ntoq;fs; vy;yhk; ,q;Nf / Ntiyia kwe;J tpl;Nl

Xyq;fs; ,l;l jhNy / Xeha;fs; Fiwa tpy;iy” 41

vd;w thpfspy; ntspg;gLj;Jfpwhh;. tujl;riz ,d;W kpfg;nghpa rKjhar; rpf;fyhf ,Ue;J tUfpwJ.

mijf; Fwpj;J ‘uhkh;fSf;F ,d;W uj;jkpy;iy’ vd;Dk; jiyg;gpyike;j

ftpijapy; gpd;tUkhW $Wfpwhh;.

“,e;j / tujl;riz tpy;iy / tisg;gJ ahh;?

uhkh;fSf;F ,d;W / uj;jkpy;iy / [dfNdh ghtk;

rha;T ehw;fhypapy; / ,dp / ehNk xbg;gNj / epahak;

vq;Nf / rPijfNs nfhQ;rk; / xd;W NrUq;fNsd;” 42

vd;Dk; ,f;ftpij ngz;izg; ngw;wth;fs; tujl;rizf;F vjpuhfg;

Nghuhlj; jahuhf ,y;iy. vg;gbahtJ mts; jpUkzk;; ele;Njwpdhy;

NghJk; vd;W ,Uf;fpwhh;fs;. uhkh;fshfpa kzkfd;fSf;F tujl;riz

thq;ff;$lhJ vd;w czh;T ,y;iy. mjdhy;> ngz;fNs jq;fSila

rpf;fy;fSf;Fj; jPh;Tfz;lhy;jhd; cz;L vd;fpwJ.

,uhkhazg; ghj;jpukhfpa mfypifiaf; Fwpj;J ,Ugjhk;

E}w;whz;Lf; ftpQh;fSk; vOj;jhsh;fSk; kWthrpg;Gr; nra;J ghh;j;Js;sdh;.

ftpQh; ituKj;J mfypifiag; ghh;j;J vg;NghJ ngz;zhtha; vd;w

Nfs;tpia vOg;Gfpwhh;. ,d;Ws;s Mz; uhkh;fs; fy;yha; fplf;Fk;

151

mfypiffisg; ghh;j;Jj; jq;fs; ghjq;fis kiwj;Jg; gy;yf;Ffs;

VWfpd;wdh;. mjdhy;> ve;j ,uhkDila ghjJ}spAk; gl;L ngz;zhf khwr;

rhj;jpak; ,y;iy. md;W fhdfj;jpy; fijf; fy;yha;f; fple;jha;. ,d;W

r%fr;re;jpapy; rijf;fy;yha;g; gy mfypiffs; fplf;fpwhh;fs;. mfypifNa

eP kl;Lk; fy;yhftpy;iy. fhtp fl;ba nfsjkdpd; kdRk;jhd.; cd;idg;

Nghyf; fy;yhfptpl;lhy; xUtifapy; guthapy;iyjhd;. Vndd;why;>

“vk; / ghuj Gj;jphpfs; / VNjh xd;Wf;fha;

,utpy; ngz;zhf / gfy; tho;f;if nay;yhk;

ghOk; fy;yhfr; / rgpf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;

rhgf;fij mwpFitNah?” 43

vd;W $Wfpwhh;.

NkYk;> ,d;iwa mfypiffs; ,d;Dk; fy;yhfj;jhd; fplf;fpwhh;fs;.

ngz;fs; fy;tp fw;W MZf;F epfuhfg; gzpGhpfpwhh;fs; vd;whYk;> mth;fs;

Mz; th;;f;fj;jhy; Vkhw;wg;gLtJ khwtpy;iy vd;gij>

“Miyfspy;… / mYtyfq;fspy;… / fodpfspy;…

fl;by;fspy;… / rhiyfspy;… / ,d;Dk; / r%fr;

re;jpfspy; /,d;Dk; /cd; rhgf;fy;/,q;Nfjhd; fplf;fpwJ!” 44

vd;Dk; thpfshy; Gyg;gLj;Jfpwhh;.

Mz;th;f;fk; jd;Dila mePjpfisj; njhlh;e;J ngz;Zf;F ,ioj;Jf;

nfhz;bUf;fpwJ. ,e;epiyia khw;wpf;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk; vd;W Mz;fSf;F

mwpTWj;Jk; tpjj;jpy;>

“Mz;th;f;fNk! / cdJ / mePjp mOf;if / me;jr;

rhgf;fy;ypy; mbj;Jr; / ryit nra;Jnfhs;thah?” 45

vd;W $Wfpwhh;.

,uhtzd; gj;Jj;jiyfs; nfhz;ltd; vd;gJ mtd; muf;fh;

Fyj;jtd; vd;gijAk; gj;Jg;Nghpd; gyk; tha;e;jtd; vd;gijAk; Fwpf;ff;

gad;gLk; FwpaPL MFk;. ,uhkd; gpwd;kid Nehf;fhg; Nguhz;ikahsdhff;

fhl;lg;gLfpwhd;. Mz; xUtd; jd; fl;Lg;ghl;ilf; Fiyf;fhky;>

fhkj;jpd;Nky; kdj;ijr; nrYj;jhky; ,Uf;fNtz;Lk; vd epidf;fpwhd;.

,uhkd;> ,uhtzd; ghj;jpuq;fisf; nfhz;L jd; epiyia tpsf;Ffpwhd;.

,jid>

152

“cdf;Fj; njhpahJ / ,uhtzdha;j; jhdpUe;Njd;

rpukg;gl;Lr; rpukg;gl;L / vd; / rpuq;fspy; xt;nthd;wha;r;

rpur;Nrjk; nra;J / ,uhkdhNdd; / Ntz;lhk;

ntl;ba jiyfis / kPz;Lk; / xl;l itj;JtplhNj” 46

vd;W $Wfpwhd;. xOf;ff; Nfl;bypUe;J kPz;L te;j xUtd; jhd; kPz;Lk;

me;epiyf;Fj; jpUk;g tpUk;gtpy;iy vd;gij czh;j;j ,t;tpyf;fpag;

ghj;jpuq;fisg; gad;gLj;jp tpsf;fpapUg;gJ rpwg;G.

nghd;kzp ituKj;J jd; vOJNkir gw;wpa ftpijapy; ePz;l

ehl;fshf mJ gad;gLj;jg;glhky; ,Ug;gijg; ghh;j;J> mjd; gad;ghLfisg;

gl;baypLfpwhh;. mij moFgLj;jyhkh vd;W Nahrpj;j mth; mjd;

goe;jd;ikNa jdf;F kpfTk; gpbj;jpUg;gjha;f; $Wfpwhh;. ,jid>

“myq;fhuQ; nra;ahJ / mNrhftdj;jpypUe;jgbNa

uhkidg; ghh;f;f te;j rPijiag;Nghy /mjd; goQ;RtLfNshL

mJ ,Ug;gNj vdf;Fg; gpbj;jpUf;fpwJ” 47

vd;w ftpij thpfspd; %yk; ftpQh; gioa Nkirf;Fr; rPijia xg;gpl;Lf;

fhl;bapUf;fpwhh;.

kdpjdplk; nghwhik ,Uf;ff;$lhj xd;W. mJ kdpjid mopf;Fk;

tpr tpUl;rkhFk;. ,jid> muf;fNuhLk; xg;gpl;Lf; $Wfpwhh;. nghd;kzp

ituKj;J>

“nghwhik / tp\tpUl;rk; / ,uhtzd; / ,uzpad;

jl;rd; / jhUfd; Nrh;e;j / uhl;rrq;fspd; / Nfhuf;fyit” 48

vd;w ftpijapd; thapyhf nghwhikiaf; Fwpg;gpLfpwhh;. muf;fh;fs;

mopf;fg;gl Ntz;bath;fs;. nghwhikAk; KisapNyNa fps;sp vwpag;gl

Ntz;baJ vd;gij mwpTWj;Jfpwhh;.

‘eilapd; epd;Wah; ehafd;’ vd;Dk; jiyg;gpy; Gide;j ftpauq;ff;

ftpijapy; nghd;kzp ituKj;J mDkidAk; ,uhkidAk; gw;wpg;

NgRfpwhh;. ,uhkidf; Fwpg;gpLk;NghJ mtd; kf;fs; kdq;fis Mz;ltd;.

tpy;iy xbj;Jr; rPijia Mz;ltd;. je;ijapd; nrhy;iyf; filg;gpbj;J

jh;kj;ij Mz;ltd;. jk;gpaiunay;yhk; ghrj;jhy; Mz;ltd;. tdthrj;jpYk;

%d;W jk;gpaiu Mz;ltd; vd;W mLf;fpf;nfhz;Nl Nghfpwhh;.

153

ghfg;gphptpid nra;Ak;NghJ Fz;^rp msT epyk; $Ljyhf

,Ue;jhYk;> jiyfis ntl;bf;nfhs;Sk; rNfhjuh;fs; ,d;Wk; tho;fpwhh;fs;.

md;Wk; tho;e;jpUg;ghh;fs;. mj;jifNahUf;F kj;jpapy;>

“jk;gpf;fhf / gpd;dtd; ngw;wnry;tk; / mbNad;

ngw;wjd;Nwh vd;W / eP ngUe;jd;ik Ngrpdha;

cd; kfpik / vg;gbg; GhpAk;?” 49

vd;W $Wfpwhh; ftpQh;.

muf;fd; jk;gpahfpa tpgP\zid mutizj;jij>

“eP / muf;fd; jk;gpia / mutizg;gNj Mz;ik

vd;W / fUiz nghope;jha;” 50

vd;w thpfs; %yk; ,uhkdpd; fUiziaAk;> ek;gfj;jd;ikiaAk;

Fwpg;gpLfpwhh; ftpQh;.

ghujg; Nghhpy; epuhAjghzpaha; epd;w mgpkd;Ait khd;Ntl;ilahbaJ

Nghy Ntl;ilahbaJ nfsuth; nfsutk;. Mdhy; ,uhkNdh> ,uhtzd;

MAjkpoe;J epd;wNghJ “,d;WNgha; ehis th”51 vd;W mDg;gpdhd;. ,JNt

Rj;j nfsutk; vd;W $Wk; ftpQh; mj;jifa nfsutk; ,d;iwa kf;fSf;F

tha;f;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W typAWj;Jfpwhh;.

‘jhapw; rpwe;j NfhapYkpy;iy@ je;ij nrhy; kpf;f ke;jpukpy;iy’

vd;gJ KJnkhop. Mdhy; ,d;W jha; je;ijaiu mdhijfshf tpLk;Nghf;F

epyTfpwJ. ,jid>

“eP / je;ij nrhy; kpf;f / ke;jpukpy;iy vd;W

kFle; Jwe;jha; / ke;jpuk; Nghl;lhtJ

je;ijiaf; nfhd;Wtpl;L / kFlk; #bapUg;ghh;fs;

,f;fhy ,isQHfs;” 52

vd;w mbfspd; thapyhf ,d;Ws;s ,isQh;fspd; epiyiaf; fz;L kdk;

tUe;jp ,uhkdpd; nraiy tpae;J ghLfpwhh;. NkYk;> kidtpapd; Ngr;irf;

Nfl;L ngw;w jhia tPl;il tpl;Lj; Juj;Jk; kfd;fSf;F kj;jpapy;>

“khw;Wj;jha; nrhy;Nfl;L / kidtpNahL eP

kidJwe;jha; / kidtp nrhy;Nfl;L / ngw;w jhia

kidtpl;Lj; Juj;Jk; / ike;jh;fSf;F eP

154

gj;jhk; gryp / tprpj;jpug; Ngh;top” 53

vd;W $Wtjpy; ,d;iwa ,isQh;fSf;F ,uhkdpd; nray; gj;jhk;

grypj;jdkhfj;jhd; Njhd;Wk;. ,th;fSila tho;f;ifKiw NtWtpjkhfpg;

Nghdjhy; Kd;dh; tw;GWj;jg;gl;l mwq;fs; ,isQh;fSf;F tprpj;jpukhfj;jhd;

Njhd;Wk; vd;fpwhh;.

,uhkd; kl;Lk; ngw;Nwhiug; NgZk; gz;Gilatd; my;y. rPijAk;

,d;iwa kUkfs;fisg; Nghypy;yhky; fztdJ jha; je;ijaiu kjpj;J

ele;jts;. ,uhkDila khw;Wj;jha; fhl;Lf;Fg; Nghfr; nrhd;dNghJ

fztdJ nrhw;gb ele;jhs;. tdthrj; Jd;gq;fisnay;yhk; fztNdhL

,Ue;J mDgtpj;jhs;. ,d;iwa ngz;fNsh fztdJ ngw;Nwhiu KjpNahh;

,y;yq;fSf;F mDg;gptpLfpd;whh;fs;. mj;jifa ngz;fSf;F rPij xU

Ngijjhd; vd;gij>

“Kuz;gl;l ngw;Nwhiu / KjpNahh; ,y;yj;jpw;F

mDg;gpg; / GjpaNjhh; cyfk; nra;Ak;

GJAfg; ngz;fSf;F / rPij xU Ngij” 54

vd;fpwhh; nghd;kzp.

fle;j ,Ugj;ije;J Mz;Lfhykhfg; ngz; Foe;ijfisf; fUtpNyNa

mopf;Fk; nray;fspy; <Lgl;L tUfpd;wdh;. tujl;rizf; nfhLik cs;spl;l

r%fr; nray;ghLfNs ,jw;Ff; fhuzk; vd;whYk; Mz; vd;why;

murhSgtd;. ngz; vd;why; mLj;j tPl;by; thog; Nghfpwts;jhNd vd;Dk;

Mzhjpf;f kNdhghtKk; fhuzk; vdyhk;. tapw;Wf;Fs; ,Uf;Fk;NghNj

];Nfd; nra;J ngz; vd;why; mopj;JtpLfpd;wdh;. ,ijj; jLf;f epidj;j

ftpQh; ,uhkhazr; rPijaplk; NgRfpwhh;. ,jid>

“epykfspd; kfNs!… / … / ngz; Foe;ijfs; kl;Lk;

kz;Zf;Fs; kiwe;jpUe;J / gj;jhk; khjj;jpy;

gl;nld;W gpwf;fpd;w / mw;Gjj;ij ,q;F eP nrhy;ypj;jh

kz;kfNs ngz;Nz / kNfRthpNa vd;W

kfpo;e;njLj;Jf; nfhs;thh;fs;” 55

vd;Dk; mbfspy; gj;Jkhjk; Rkf;fNtz;ba gps;isiar; Rikahff; fUJk;

rKjhak; kz;zpypUe;J Njhd;wpajhff; $wg;gLk; rPijiaj; nja;tkhf

kjpj;Jg; Nghw;WfpwJ vd;fpw Kuz;ghl;il vs;sy; nra;fpwhh;.

155

FLk;g cwTfs; vy;yhk; rpije;J $l;Lf;FLk;gk; fhzhky; NghFk;

,d;iwa #oypy;> ,uhkhazf;fhyf; $l;Lf;FLk;g tho;f;ifiaf; fhz;fpwhh;

nghd;kzp. Mq;Nf ngz; fztdpd; nraYf;F kjpg;gspj;Jf; FLk;g

mikjpapy; ,d;gk; fhz;gtshfTk; (rPij)> fztid kdcisr;rYf;F

Mshf;fp fztdJ ,wg;Gf;Ff; fhuzkhdtshfTk; (ifNfap) gilf;fg;

gl;Ls;shs;. rPijiag; gw;wpa ftpijapy; mtsJ FLk;g cwTfisg;

NgZk; gz;igg; ghuhl;Lfpwhh;. ,d;iwa ngz;fs; jdpf; Fbj;jdj;jpw;F tPL

ghh;j;Jtpl;Lj;jhd; jd; fOj;jpy; jhypfl;l tuNtz;Lk; vd;W Mz;fis

eph;g;ge;jpf;Fk; fhykhf cs;sJ. ,jid>

“ngUq;FLk;g tho;tpy; eP / Nghpd;gq; fz;bUe;jha;

khkpahh; jd; gps;isaplk; / nrytpw;Fg; gzk; Nfl;lhNy

kUkfs; / rPwptpOths; ,q;Nf / cd; rpd;dkhkp ,uhkdplk;

rpk;khrdNk Nfl;lhs; / rhpnad;whd; mtDk;

Vd; / rk;kjpj;jha; eP clNd…?” 56

vd;Dk; mbfspy; ifNfapapd; Mizia vjph;j;Jg; Ngrhky; fztdJ

KbT vd;dNth mjw;Ff; fl;Lg;gl;ltshf> FLk;gr; rpf;fypy;

jiyaplhjtshf rPij ,Ue;jij ,d;iwa ngz;fSf;F vLj;Jf; $Wfpwhh;.

rPij vy;yh ,lq;fspYk; ghuhl;lj;jf;f gz;Gilatshf ,y;iy.

mt;thW ,Ue;jpUe;jhy; ,uhkhazf; fhg;gpak; Njhd;wpapUf;fhJ. ngz;fs;

Ntz;lhj> cgNahfkpy;yhj nghUs;fisf;$l thq;fp itj;Jf; nfhs;tjpy;

ngUtpUg;gKilath;fs;. mj;jifa ruhrhpg; ngz;izg;Nghyr; rPijAk

khd; Nfl;ljdhy; my;yth Jah;g;gl Neh;e;jJ. khzpf;ff; fhy;fSld; jq;f

khd; ,e;jg; G+kpapy; ,Uf;Fkh vd;W Nahrpj;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,jid>

“jq;feif Nfl;Lr; rz;ilgpbf;fpd;w

,d;iwa ngz;fSf;Fk; / jq;fkhd; Nfl;l cdf;Fk;

tpj;jpahrk; vdf;Fj; njd;glNtapy;iy” 57

vd;W $Wtjd;%yk; rPijiar; ruhrhp ngz;zhfNt fhz;fpwhh; ftpQH;.

mNrhftdj;jpy; rPij rpiw itf;fg;gl;bUe;jNghJ ,uhtzdhy; mts;

jPz;lg;gl;bUf;fyhk; vd epidj;Jr; rPijia mf;fpdpg; gpuNtrk; nra;ar;

nrhd;dhd; ,uhkd;. gj;J khjq;fs; rPij mq;Fr; rpiwapy; ,Ue;jNghJk;

,uhtzd; mtUila tpUg;gkpy;yhky; mtis neUq;f KbahJ. rPij

fw;gpd; fdyp vd;W mtd; njhpe;jpUe;jhd;. Mdhy;> ,uhkd; mtSila

156

fw;gpd;Nky; ek;gpf;if itf;ftpy;iy. neUg;Gf;Fs; ,wq;fpf; fw;ig ep&gp;f;f

Ntz;bapUe;jJ. ,r;nray; ,uhkidf; fz;zpakw;w tdhf;fpaJ vd;gij>

“mfypif ,uhkdpd; / fhy;gl;Lg; ngz;zhdhs;

rPij eP ,uhkdpd; / ifg;gpbj;Jf; fy;yhdha;

,yq;ifapNy / ,uhkd; / filrpaha;f; nfhd;wJ

cd;idj;jhd; ngz;Nz!” 58

vd;W $Wk;NghJ ,uhkdJ nray; %yk; rPijia capNuhL vhpj;J

tpl;ljhfNt ftpQh; fUJfpwhh;.

rKjha mtyq;fisr; Rl;Ltjw;F kl;Lky;yhky; ,aw;ifiar;

,urpg;gjw;Fk; ,yf;fpag; ghj;jpuq;fis> mth;fsJ nray;ghLfisj; jq;fs;

ftpijfspy; gad;gLj;Jfpd;wdh;. nghd;kzp ituKj;J thdj;jpy; cs;s

el;rj;jpuq;fisg; ghh;j;J ,urpj;Jf; nfhz;L te;jth; mtw;iw

mzpfyd;fshfg; ghh;f;fpwhh;. ,uhkhazj;jpy; ifNfap jhd; Nfl;l ,uz;L

tuq;fisg; ngwNtz;Lk; vd;gjw;fhfj; jrujNdhL Cly; nfhz;L jd;

xg;gid fiyj;J mzpfyd;fis vy;yhk; fow;wp vwpe;jhs;. mtw;iwg;Nghy

el;rj;jpuq;fs; cs;sd. ,jid>

“ve;jf; ifNfap / Nfhgpj;Jf;nfhz;L

mzpfis ,g;gb / vwpe;jpUf;fpwhs;?” 59

vd;Dk; mbfspy; $wpapUf;fpwhh;.

3.7.2. kfhghujk;

,uhkhazKk; kfhghujKk; ,e;jpahtpd; ,uz;L tPufhtpaq;fshf

,Ue;jhYk; fk;gh; nra;j ,uhkhazj;ijg; Nghy jkpopy; Njhd;wpa ghujf;

fijfs; nry;thf;Fg; ngwtpy;iy. Vl;byf;fpag; ghujf; fijfistpl

ehl;Lg;Gwg; ghujf; fijfNs jkpof kf;fsplk; nry;thf;Fg; ngw;wd vdyhk;.

rphpg;G vd;gJ kdpjDf;F Neha; jPh;f;Fk; mhpa kUe;J vd;gijf;

$wte;j ftpQH ituKj;J> rphpg;G kl;Lk;jhd; ek;ikg;gpw tpyq;FfsplkpUe;J

NtWgLj;JfpwJ vd;fpwhh;. cs;sj;Jf;Fs; vt;tsT Jd;gk; ,Ue;jhYk;

rphpf;Fk;NghJ mj;Jd;gk; cjl;bd; topahf ntspNawptpLk; vd;fpwhh;.

rphpf;Fk;NghJ Njhd;Wk; fz;zPhpy;$l cg;Gr;Rit ,Ug;gjpy;iy. ,j;jifa

rphpg;Gk; msthdjhf mLj;jtiug; Gz;gLj;jhjjhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. rphpg;G

157

,lk;khwpa Kuz;ghLfshy;jhd; ,jpfhrq;fs; Njhd;wpd vd;gijf; ftpQH

fhl;Lfpwhh;.

kfhghujf; fhg;gpaj;jpy; ghz;lth;fs; fl;ba kz;lgj;ijf; fhzte;j

JhpNahjdd; kz;lgj;jpd; Ntiyg;ghL EZf;fk; njhpahky; jLkhwpaijf;

fz;l ghQ;rhyp rphpj;Jtpl;lhs;. mJNt JhpNahjdd; kdj;jpy; gif

czh;r;rpia cz;lhf;fpg; gopthq;fj; J}z;bajd; tpisNt ghz;lth; -

nfsuth; Nghh;. ,jid>

“xUj;jp / rphpf;ff;$lhj ,lj;jpy;

rphpj;Jj; njhiyj;jhs; / mJjhd; ghujk;” 60

vd;W rphpg;gpdhy; tpise;jJ ghujk; vd;gijf; $Wfpwhh;. ,jw;F Neh;khwhf>

“xUj;jp / rphpf;f Ntz;ba ,lj;jpy;

rphpg;igj; njhiyj;jhs; / mJjhd; uhkhazk;” 61

vd;W ,uhkhazk; Njhd;wpajw;fhd fhuzKk; rphpg;NghL njhlh;GilaJ

vd;gij czh;j;Jfpwhh;.

3.7.3. fPij

ghujg; Nghhpd;NghJ mh;r;RdDf;Ff; fz;zd; cgNjrpj;jJ fPij.

,jpy; gy cgNjrq;fs; kf;fs; midtUf;Fk; nghUe;Jtjhf mike;Js;sd.

mtw;Ws; xd;W ‘flikiar; nra;@ gyid vjph;ghuhNj’ vd;gjhFk;. ,f;fUj;

jike;j ghly;fs; jkpo; ePjp E}y;fspYk; ,lk;ngw;Ws;sd. ituKj;J ejp

ekf;F ,t;TgNjrj;ij toq;Ftjhff; $wpAs;shh;. ,jid>

“ejpAk; xU fPij nrhd;dJ / ‘flikiar; nra;

gyid vjph;ghuhNj!’ ” 62

vd;W $wpapUg;gjd; %yk; ejp jd; Nghf;fpy; Ngha;j; jd; flikiar;

nra;fpwJ. mjw;fhf mJ ve;jg; gyidAk; vjph;ghh;;g;gjpy;iy vd;gijj;

fPijapd; cgNjrj;Jf;Fg; nghUj;jpg; ghh;f;fpwhh;.

ngz;zhdts; FLk;gj;Jf;fhfj; jd;Dila Mirfs;> Njitfs;

midj;ijAk; Jwe;J ,y;ywf; flik xd;iwNa Fwpf;Nfhshff; nfhz;L

nrayhw;Wfpwhs; vd;gij>

“fh;kj;ijr; nra; / gyid vjph;ghuhNj vd;w

fPijapd; nghUs; mts;” 63

vd;w ftpijapy; ngz;zpdj;ijg; Nghw;Wfpwhh;.

158

3.8. Guhzk;

J\;ae;jd; Kdpthpd; kfs; rFe;jiyiaf; fhjypj;jhd;. fhjypj;Jf;

fUitf; nfhLj;Jtpl;L mtis kwe;jhd;. mts; epahak; Nfl;Fk;NghJ

mtisj; njhpahJ vd;W rhjpj;jhd;. mtd; ghprha;f; nfhLj;j Nkhjpuk;

mtDf;F tpyq;fha; khwp rFe;jiyia mtdplk; Nrh;j;jJ. ,jid>

“J\;ae;j kaf;fj;jpy;… / Kjypy; G+l;ba

NkhjpuNk / tpyq;fha; khWk; / tprpj;jpuk; fz;L

tpRk;gpf; nfhz;L / ,d;Dk; ek;kpil / vj;jid rFe;jiy?” 64

vd;W Mz;fis ek;gp VkhWk; ngz;fs; fhyk;fhykha; ,Ue;Jnfhz;Nljhd;

,Uf;fpwhh;fs;. ,d;Wk; vj;jidNah ngz;fs; ,JNghy tho;f;ifiaj;

njhiyj;Jtpl;Lg; Gyk;Gfpd;wdh;. ngz;fs;jhd; tpopg;Gzh;NthL ele;Jnfhs;s

Ntz;Lk; vd;gNjhL Mz;th;f;fKk; ,j;jifa epiyf;Fg; ngz;fis

Mshf;Fjy; $lhJ vd;fpwhh;.

,iwtdpd; Njhw;wk; gw;wpaf; fijfSs; ngUk;ghd;ikahd

flTSf;Fg; gpwg;G cz;L vd;Wk;> rptngUkhd; Rak;Gthfj; Njhd;wpath;

vd;Wk; mth; gpwg;Gk; ,wg;Gk; mw;wth; vd;W mwpfpNwhk;. rptdpd;

jpUtpisahly;fs; jpUtpisahly; Guhzj;jpYk;> gpw nray;fs; gd;dpU

jpUKiwfspYk; $wg;gl;Ls;sd. rptDf;Fg; gpuk;k`j;jp Njhrk; gpbj;jjdhy;

fghyq;fisj; Njb RLfhLfspy; miye;J Rliyiag; G+rpj; jphpe;jhh;.

mr;nraiyj; jj;Jtf; fUj;Jf;Fj; njhlh;GgLj;Jfpwhh;. ,jid>

“Rliyg;nghb G+rp / eldk; nfhz;lhb miya

ehndhd;Wk; rptngUkhd; / ,y;iynad;W mONjd;

mDgtk; vd;wJ ,LfhL” 65

vd;w ftpijapd; thapyhf ve;jnthU nraypYk; fw;Wf;nfhs;tjw;F ekf;Fg;

ghlk; ,Uf;fpwJ vd;gJ czh;j;jg;gl;Ls;sJ.

ehd;F Kfq;fis cilatd; gpuk;kh. mtUf;F Ie;J jiyfs;

,Ue;jjhfTk; rptd; xU jiyiaf; nfha;Jtp;l;ljhfTk; $wg;gLfpwJ.

gpuk;kh jpUkhypd; ehgpf; fkyj;jpypUe;J Njhd;wpajhf Guhzk; $WfpwJ.

gpuk;khtpd; kidtp ru];tjp. ,ts; jpUkfspd; kUkfs; vd;gij>

“fiykfs; / jpUkfspd; / kUkfs;” 66

159

vd;Dk; thpapd;top cwTfs; Fwpj;Jf; $Wk;NghJ ,g;Guhzr; nra;jpiag;

nghd;kzp $wpAs;shh;.

nghwhik vd;gJ jhNd mope;Jtpl Ntz;Lk;. mjw;Fj; jw;nfhiyjhd;

jiynaOj;jhf ,Uf;fNtz;Lk;. ,e;j epiyia tpsf;f gj;khRud;

fijiaf; fhl;Lfpwhh;.

“gpwh; jiyNknyy;yhk; / ifitj;J mopf;Fk;

me;j / gj;khRuDf;F / jd;jiyNkYk;

jhNd ifitj;J / moptJjhd; rhgk;” 67

vd;Dk; ftpijapd; %yk; nghwhikf; Fzj;jpw;F gj;khRudpd; mopit

xg;gpl;Lf; $Wfpwhh;.

,e;Jr; rkaj;jpy; xt;nthU gz;biff;Fk; xU fhuzk; fw;gpf;fg;

gLfpwJ. eufhRud; mopf;fg;gl;l ehisNa gl;lhRfs; ntbj;J> me;ehisj;

jPghtsp vd;Dk; ngahpy; nfhz;lhLfpd;wdh;. me;ehspy; ,dpg;Gfs;>

gyfhuq;fs;> gl;lhRfs;> Gj;jhilfs; vd kfpo;r;rpahf ,Uf;fpd;wdh;. VNjh

xU fhuzj;jpw;fhf cUthf;fg;gl;l gz;bif ,d;W mbj;jl;L kf;fisg;

gytiffspy; ghjpf;fpwJ. jiyjPghtsp vd;Dk; ngahpy; khg;gps;isfs;

Gj;jhilNahL epy;yhky; eif> nghUl;fs; vdg; ngz;zpd; ngw;Nwhiuj;

njhy;iyg;gLj;Jfpd;wdh;. ,g;gz;bif gyUf;F kfpo;r;rpf;Fg; gjpy;

Jd;gj;ijNa jUfpwJ vd;gij>

“rpyUf;F / eufhRud; Vd; / Mz;LNjhWk; te;J

mope;J njhiyf;fpwhd; vd;w mYg;G. / mjpYk;

eufhRud; moptjpy; / mjpf tUj;jk; / khkdhUf;Nf!” 68

vd;Dk; mbfspy; ntspg;gLj;jpAs;shh;.

3.9. mj;itjk;

Mz;fisf; fhl;bYk; ngz;Nz ,ay;gpNyNa Qhdk; kpf;fts;.

jd;id tUj;jpf;nfhz;L jdf;F kl;Lk; tuq;Nfl;Fk; Qhdpiatpl kw;wth;f;F

tuq;nfhLf;fj; jtkpUf;Fk; ngz; nghpats;. mtNs cz;ikahd Qhdp.

jd;dyk; vd;gij mts; KOtJkhf kwe;JtpLk; ,lk; GFe;jtPL. jhd;

gpwe;J tsh;e;j ,lk;> cwTfs; midj;ijAk; kwe;Jtpl;L Kd;mwpahj

kdpjh;fSf;fhfj; jd; tho;f;ifia mh;g;gzpf;fpwhNs mtNs Qhdp

vd;gij>

160

“nka;Q;Qhdk; vd;gJ / jd;dy kWg;G

GFe;jtPL te;jgpd; / jd;tpUg;gk; vd;w

jdptpUg;gk; nfhs;tjpy;iy

mj;itjj;jpd; mh;j;jk; / mtNs” 69

vd;fpwhh; ftpQh; nghd;kzp. NkYk;> mts; jd;Dila nrhe;j Kfj;ij

kwe;JNgha; jhd; nfhz;l nrhe;jj;jpw;Nfw;w Kfj;ij Vw;Wf;nfhs;fpd;whs;.

mj;itjj; jj;Jtj;jpd; mh;j;jk; mts;jhd; vd;W ngz;izg; gythwhfg;

Nghw;Wfpd;whh;.

3.10. xsitahh;

rq;ffhyk; Kjw;nfhz;L xsit vd;Dk; ngahpy; gy;NtW ngz;ghw;

Gyth;fs; tho;e;Js;sdh;. FkuFUguh; fhyj;jpy; tho;e;j xsit fy;tpiaf;

Fwpj;Jf; $Wk;NghJ ‘ahUk; KOtJk; fw;wthpy;iy. xd;Wk; mwpahjtUk;

,y;iy. mjdhy; jdf;F vy;yhk; njhpAk; vd;W ,Wkhg;Gf; nfhs;sf;$lhJ’

vd;fpwhh;. ‘fw;wJ ifk;kz;zsT fy;yhjJ cyfsT’ vd;Dk; ePjpE}y;

ghlypy; vWk;Gk; jd;ifahy; vz;rhz; vd;whh;. ,Nj fUj;jpid>

“fw;wJ ifk;kz;zsT vd;W / fiykfs; XjpaJ

FkuFUguh; fhyj;jpy; / ,d;iwa fiykfs;fs;

fw;wpUg;gJ cyfsT / Rw;WtJ thdsT!” 70

vd;w thpfs; %yk; ngz;fs; fw;wpUg;gJ ifk;kz;zsT my;y. cyfsT>

thdsT vd;W $wp kfpo;fpwhh; nghd;kzp ituKj;J.

Kjph;fd;dp xUj;jp tujl;rizf; nfhLikahy; jpUkzk; if$lhky;

ehl;fisf; fopf;fpd;whs;. Njhop mtsplj;jpy; eyk; tprhhpj;jjw;F ,d;Dk;

vd;id xUtd; te;J fuk;gpbg;ghd; vdf; fdT fhz ehd; jahuhapy;iy

vdj; njhptpf;fpwhs;. ,jid>

“md;gpw;FhpatNs! / ,dpAk; vd;id / Mz;lhs; gbf;fr;

nrhy;yhNj / Xsitahap Ug;gjpy; Mde;jNk vdf;F!” 71

vdj; jd; epiyg;ghl;ilf; $Wfpwhs;.

3.11. ckhh;fa;ahk;

ckh;fa;ahk; ghurPff; ftpQh;. ,tuJ ftpijfs; ‘Ughaj;’ vd;Dk;

njhFg;ghf ntspte;jit. [hd; gpl;n[uhy;L vd;gth; ,tuJ ftpijfis

Mq;fpyj;jpy; nkhopngah;j;jhh;. ftpkzp mth;fs; mf;ftpijfisj; jkpopy;

161

‘ckhh;fa;ahk; ftpijfs;’ vd;Dk; ngahpNyNa nkhopngah;j;Js;shh;. mtw;Ws;

rpwe;j ftpijahfg; ngUk;ghd;ikahd ,yf;fpa tuyhw;whrphpah;fshy;

Nkw;Nfhs; fhl;lg;gLtJ>

“nta;apw; Nfw;w epoYz;L / tPRk; njd;wy; fhw;Wz;L

ifapy; fk;gd; ftpAz;L / fyrk; epiwa kJTz;L” 72

vd;Dk; ftpijahFk;. ftpauR fz;zjhrd; cs;spl;l gyh; ckhh;fa;ahkpd;

ftpijj; jhf;fj;Jf;Fs;shdth;fs; Mth;. nghd;kzp ituKj;JTk; mjw;F

tpjptpyf;fhdtuy;y.

“thrYf;F ntspNa tphpAk; ePythdk;

vd; / tpUg;gj;jpw;Fhpa Ntg;gkuk;

xUifapy; NjePh; / ,d;ndhU ifapy; Gj;jfk;

,ijtplth xU tho;f;if?” 73

vd;Dk; thpfspy; ckhh;fa;ahkpd; ftpijia ,tuJ thh;j;ijfshf;fp

,Uf;fpwhh;.

3.12. ghujp

‘ghujp epidf;fg;gLfpwhd;’ vd;wnjhU neLq;ftpijapy; ghujpiaf;

Fwpj;J> mtd; ftpijfs; Fwpj;J ePz;lnjhU ghuhl;Lg; gj;jpuk; thrpf;fpwhh;.

mjpy;>

“fhf;ifAk; FUtpAk; / jd;[hjp vd;wtd;

jkpo;g; ghl;nlOjpdhd;” 74

vd;w thpfisf;Fwpg;gpl;L jk;Nghy; gFj;Jz;L thOk; gz;gpy;yhikahy;

fhf;ifAk; FUtpAk; kdpjid ,g;NghJ kWjypf;fpd;wd vd;Wk; $Wfpwhh;.

ghujp vt;tsTjhd; Gul;rpfukhd fUj;Jf;fisf; $wpr;nrd;wNghJk; ,d;Dk;

,r;r%ff; nfhLikfs; khwtpy;iyNa vd;gJ ftpQh; ituKj;Jtpd;

tUj;jk;.

‘mr;rk; jtph;’ vd;gJ ghujpapd; Gjpa Mj;jp#b. tpLjiyf;fhd

Ntl;if nfhz;L ghbaNghNj ‘mr;rkpy;iy mr;rkpy;iy’ vd;W ghbath;

ghujp. FLk;g tho;f;ifapy; <Lglg;NghFk; jd; Kd;dhs; khztpf;F Mrphpah;

$Wk; mwpTiuahf miktJ “mr;rk; jtph;”

75 vd;gjhf mike;Js;sJ.

,t;tplj;jpy; ghujpapd; thpiag; nghd;kzp ifahSfpwhh;.

162

ngz;zpak; NgRk; ftpQuhfg; nghd;kzp ,Ue;jNghJk; Mz;

rKjhaj;ijNa ntWg;gJjhd; ngz;zpak; vd;W mth; Ngrtpy;iy.

Mz;fspYk; ey;yth;fs; cz;L vd;gij>

“ghujp nrhd;d / Fs;sr;rhkpNghy;

ey;yrhkpfSk; / ehdpyj;jpy; cz;L” 76

vd;w thpfspy; Mz;fisg; nghJg;ghh;itapy; ghh;f;fpwhh; vd;gJ Gydhfpd;wJ.

‘Gul;rpg; ngz;fs;’ vd;Dk; jiyg;gpy; nghd;kzp ituKj;J vOjpa

ftpijapy; GJikg; ngz;fs; r%ff;nfhLikfspypUe;J kPs Kbahky;

jtpf;fpd;wdh; vd;gij>

“,e;E}w;whz;Lg; G+itah; / epkph;e;j ed;dilAk;

Neh;nfhz;l ghh;itAkha; / GFe;j tPl;bw;Fg;

Gwg;gl;Lg; Ngha; / „fh]; ];lt;‟ Vw;wpdh;” 77

vd;Dk; thpfspy; GJikg;ngz;fis vs;sy; nra;Ak; njhdpapy; $wpAs;shh;.

Kw;fhyj;jpy; cld;fl;il Vw;wg;gl;l ngz;fs; ,d;W etPdkha; fh];

];lt;fshy; nfhSj;jg;gLfpwhh;fs;. jz;lid tbtk;jhd; khwpAs;sNj jtpu

jz;lid khwtpy;iy vd;w mtyj;ij ,t;thW ntspg;gLj;Jfpwhh;.

ghujpiag; gw;wpf; ftpij ghlhj ftpQh;fs; ,y;iy vdyhk;.

mt;thpirapy; nghd;kzp ituKj;JTk; ‘fdTf; ftpQd’; vd;Dk;

neLq;ftpij xd;iwg; Gide;Js;shh;. vy;NyhUk; Xh; ,dk; vd;W rkj;Jtk;

Ngrpatd; ghujp. mtUila fhyj;ijtplj; jw;NghJjhd; gphptpidfs;

jiyJ}f;fpAs;sd. ,jid>

“vy;NyhUk; Xhpdk; vd;wha; / ,q;Nf

khepyq;fSf;Fs;sh?..... / xU kidf;Fs;NsNa

fztd; Xh; ,dk; kidtp Xh; ,dk; / kfd; kfs;

Xh; ,dk; / xU kidf;Fs;NsNa / xUikg;ghby;iy” 78

vd;Dk; thpfspy; njspTgLj;Jfpwhh;.

G+kpapy; kdpjh;fs; ahUk; ahUf;Fk; mbik ,y;iy. vy;yhUk;

,iwtDf;Nf mbik nra;Nthk; vd;whh;. Mdhy;> ,d;W gyh; jq;fisj;

jho;j;jpf;nfhz;L gpwUf;F mbik nra;jhtJ gad; ngw epidf;fpd;wdh;.

jd; Raeyj;Jf;fhf vijAk; ,of;fj; Jzpe;jth;fshfj;jhd; cs;sdh;.

163

mj;jifa epiyf;F kf;fis murpay;thjpfs>; mjpfhu th;;f;fj;jpdh;> muR

mYth;fs; khw;wptpl;ldh;. ,d;Ws;s epiyiag; ghujpf;F tpsf;Fk; tifapy;>

“G+kpapy; ahh;f;Fkpdp / mbik nra;Nahk; / vjw;Fk;

vtiuAk; / Fk;gpL NghlhjPh; vd;wha;. / te;Jghh; ftpQNd

te;J ghh;. / tzf;fj;jpd; fzf;if te;Jghh;” 79

vd;W gl;baypl;Lf; fhl;Lfpwhh;.

,Ugjhk; E}w;whz;by; ngz;fy;tpia tw;GWj;jpath;fSs; ghujp

Kd;Ndhb. mtUf;Fg;gpd; ghujpjhrd; KjyhNdhh; njhlh;e;J ngz;fy;tpia

tw;GWj;jpdh;. ,d;W fy;tpapy; ngz;fs; rpwe;J tpsq;Ffpd;wdh;. ,ijg;

nghd;kzp ituKj;J>

“mg;gh ghujp! / eP ghbaJ rhpjhd; / mjpfhpf;fpwJ

ngz;fy;tp / MZf;Fg; ngz; ,isg;gpy;iyjhd;” 80

vd;w thpfspy; jd; kfpo;itj; njhptpf;fpwhh;.

3.13 ghujpjhrd;

ghujpapd; ghijapy; r%ff; nfhLikfSf;F vjpuhff; Fuy;

nfhLj;jth; ghujpjhrd;. mjdhy;jhd; Gul;rpf; ftpQh; vdg;gl;lhh;. Fwpg;ghfg;

ngz; rhh;e;j rpf;fy;fSf;Fk; tpopg;Gzh;Tf;Fk; ghujpjhrd; ghLgl;lhh;. ngz;

fy;tpia tw;GWj;jpdhh;. ngz;fSf;Ff; fy;tp Ntz;Lk; Fbj;jdk;

NgZjw;Nf vd;whh.; mijNa nghd;kzp ituKj;J>

“Iah! fdf Rg;Guj;jpdk; ,dp / Mz;fSf;Ff; fy;tp Ntz;Lk;

Fbj;jdk; NgZjw;Nf vd;W / ghl;il khw;wpg; ghl Ntz;Lk;” 81

vd;W $wpapUg;gjpy; ngz;fy;tpapy; r%fk; XusT Kd;Ndw;wk;

mile;Js;sijg; Gyg;gLj;Jfpwhh;. NkYk;> Mz;fs; Fbj;jdk; NgZtjw;F

fy;tp Ntz;Lk; vd;fpwhh; ftpQh;.

njhFg;Giu

ituKj;J> nghd;kzp ituKj;J Mfpa ,UtUNk gioa

,yf;fpaq;fspypUe;J XhpU thpfis kl;Lk; rpy ftpijfSf;F

vLj;Jf;nfhz;Ls;sdh;.

rpy ftpijfspy; ,yf;fpaq;fspd; fUj;Jfs; kl;Lk; vLj;Jf;

nfhs;sg;gl;Ls;sd.

rpy ftpijfspy; ,yf;fpar; nra;jpfs; GJf;ftpij eilapy;

tphpj;Jf; $wg;gl;Ls;sd.

164

fhg;gpag;ghj;jpuq;fis ,d;iwa eilKiwr; rpf;fy;fSf;Fg;

nghUj;jpf; fhz;fpd;wdh;.

,yf;fpaf; fUj;Jfs; kWthrpg;Gf;F cl;gLj;jg;gl;L ,d;iwa

epiyapypUe;J mtw;iw tpkh;rpf;Fk; tifapyhd ftpijfSk;

mike;Js;sd.

jpUf;Fws;> ,uhkhazk;> kfhghujk;> Guhzk;> mj;itjk; Mfpa

E}y;fspy; ,Ue;J kpFjpahd fUj;Jfs; ftpQHfshy;

ifahsg;gl;Ls;sd.

xsitahh;> ckhh;fa;ahk;> ghujp> ghujpjhrd; Nghd;w ftpQh;fspd;

ftpij thpfSk; gad;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sd.

rq;f ,yf;fpaq;fs;> fhg;gpaq;fs;> Guhzq;fs;> ,jpfhrq;fs;> jw;fhy

,yf;fpaq;fs; Nghd;w E}y;fspd; nra;jpfs;> fUj;Jfs;> ghly;

thpfs;> ghj;jpuq;fs; ,tw;wpd; thapyhf rKjhaf; fUj;Jfs;

typAWj;jg;gl;Ls;sd.

165

rhd;nwz; tpsf;fk;

1. ituKj;J> jpUj;jp vOjpa jPh;g;Gfs;> g. 31

2. ituKj;J> ,d;ndhU Njrpa fPjk;> g. 120

3. ituKj;J> nga;nadg; nga;Ak; kio> g. 157

4. tpRtehjd;> m.> (c.M) fyp. gh. vz;. 34

5. nghd;kzp ituKj;J> kPz;Lk;; ru];tjp> gf;. 89-90

6. ghyRg;ukzpad;> F.nt. tpRtehjd;. m. (c.M) KjypNahh;> Gwk;>

gh. vz;. 192> t. 2


8. NkyJ> g. 87

9. ghyRg;ukzpad;> F.nt. tpRtehjd;. m. (c.M) KjypNahh;> Gwk;>

gh. vz;. 192> thp 9-10

10. nghd;kzp ituKj;J> nghd;kzp ftpijfs;> g. 61


12. fy;ahzRe;juk;. jpU.tp.> (tp.c)> Fws; vz;. 969

13. ituKj;J> itfiw Nkfq;fs;> g. 39







20. nghd;kzp ituKj;J> kPz;Lk; ru];tjp> g. 129




24. NkyJ> g. 157




28. NkyJ> g. 247

166

29. ,uhkRg;gpukzpak;> th.j.> gd;dpUjpUKiwfs;> MwhtJ jpUKiw>

njh. xd;gJ g. 258


31. NkyJ> g. 241

32. NkyJ> g. 245

33. NkyJ> g. 247

34. ituKj;J> itfiw Nkfq;fs;> g. 61

35. ituKj;J> vd; gioa gid Xiyfs;> g. 30


37. ituKj;J> uj;jjhdk;> g. 49

38. NkyJ> g. 50

39. ituKj;J> jkpOf;F epwk; cz;L> g. 31

40. ituKj;J> uj;jjhdk;> g. 50

41. NkyJ> g. 51

42. ituKj;J> ,d;ndhU Njrpa fPjk;> gf;. 19-20


44. NkyJ> g. 50

45. NkyJ> g. 50

46. ituKj;J> nfhb kuj;jpd; Nth;fs;> g. 54


48. NkyJ> g. 168

49. NkyJ> g. 280

50. NkyJ> g. 281

51. NkyJ> g. 282

52. NkyJ> gf;. 275-276

53. NkyJ> g. 276

54. NkyJ> g. 281

55. nghd;kzp ituKj;J> nghd;kzp ftpijfs;> gf;. 122

56. NkyJ> g. 125

57. NkyJ> g. 127

58. NkyJ> g. 129

59. NkyJ> g. 17


167

61. NkyJ> g. 57



64. ituKj;J> jpUj;jp vOjpa jPHg;Gfs;> g. 20

65. ituKj;J> nfhQ;rk; NjePh; epiwa thdk;> g. 59


67. NkyJ> g. 171




71. NkyJ> g. 24

72. Njrpftpehafk;gps;is ftpkzp> rp.> ckhh;fa;ahk; gh. vz;. 106


74. ituKj;J> jpUj;jp vOjpa jPH;g;Gfs;> g. 47


76. NkyJ> g. 245


78. NkyJ> g. 78

79. NkyJ> g. 78

80. NkyJ> g. 146

81. NkyJ> g. 146

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,ay; %d;W ituKj;J> nghd;kzp ituKj;J ftpijfspy; ,yf;fpaf; $Wfs;shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/60321/10/10... · 2018-07-08 · 138 ,d;W / tpkh;rfh;fs;” 1 vd;Dk; mbfs;