Bao Cao Thuc Tap Hoa Phan Tich 1986 7201

7/28/2019 Bao Cao Thuc Tap Hoa Phan Tich 1986 7201

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TRNG I HC LT

KHOA MI TRNG---** **---

BO CO THC TP

BI THC TP : NHM I T 6Nguyn Minh Hoan 0610599Phan Th Hin 0612336Phm Th Thu Hin 0610596ng Xun Hng 0610603

Lt, nm 2008


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MC LCBi 1:

I. Mc ch: Trang : 2I I.Tnh Ton kt qu v pha ch ho cht: Trang : 2

I I I .

Kt qu v bo co kt qu: Trang : 3IV.Tr li cu hi v gii bi tp: Trang : 5Bi 2:

I. Mc ch: Trang : 9I I.Tnh Ton kt qu v pha ch ho cht: Trang : 9

I I I . Kt qu v bo co kt qu: Trang : 9IV.Tr li cu hi v gii bi tp: Trang :

Bi 3:I. Mc ch: Trang : 17

II.Tnh Ton kt qu v pha ch ho cht: Trang : 17II I . Kt qu v bo co kt qu: Trang : 17IV.Tr li cu hi v gii bi tp: Trang :

Bi 4:I. Mc ch: Trang :

I I.Tnh Ton kt qu v pha ch ho cht: Trang :I I I . Kt qu v bo co kt qu: Trang :IV.Tr li cu hi v gii bi tp: Trang :






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Bi 1:PHA CH V CHUN DUNG DCH HCl, DNG HCl VA PHA CHUN

LI NNG DUNG DCH NaOH

I. Mc chBi 1 l bi tp c bn u tin trong thc tp phn tch nh tnh, nh lng

ca cc cht. Thc hnh pha ch v chun li dung dch chun HCl.Tip tc s dng HCl va pha chun li nng cha bit ca dung dichcn nh phn NaOH.

I I. Tnh Ton kt qu v pha ch ho cht:Pha dung dch Na2B4O7 t Na2B4O7.10H2O. Th tch cn pha l 250mL; nng ng lng 0,1N ; M = 381,37g/mol., Xc nh khi lngNa2B4O7.10H2O cn dng :

Gii:ng lng ca Na2B4O7.10H2O l:

69.1902

37.381

n

MD

Khi lng Na2B4O7.10H2O cn dng pha 250mL dung dch Na2B4O70.1N l :

gVD

aD

a CC

N

N77.4

1000

25069.1901.0

10001000

V

Cn 4,72g Na2B4O7.10H2O pha thnh 250mL dung dch. tnh CNGii :

ng lng 69.1902

37.381

n

MD

Nngng lng ca dung dch l:

NDaCN 099.025069.190

100072.41000V

Pha 1 Lt dung dch HCl 0,1N t dung dch gc c P% =38 % v d =1.19g/mL, Tnh lng HCl 38% cn dng:

Gii:Nng CN ca dung dch HCl 38% l :

ND

PdCN 39.125.36

3819.110%10

Th tch HCl 12.39N cn dng pha 1lt HCl 0.1N l :

mLCVCVVCVC

07.839.1210001.00

000


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I I I. Kt qu v bo co kt qu:1. Th nghim I : Chun dung dch HCl

Ra sch cc dng c th nghim, cho dung dch HCl vo Buretchnhn vch zero, phnui ca Buret khngc c bt kh.

Dng Pipet ly chnh xc dung dch Na2B4O7 0.099N va phavo bnh nn sch, nh thm 1~2 git ch th Metyl .

m kho Buret cho dung dch HCl t t nh xung bnh tamgic, lcu. Khi dung dcht ngt chuyn t mu vng sangmu hng th dng li v ghi th tch HCl tiu tn tac :STT Th tch Na2B4O7 0.099N Th tch HCl1 10 mL 10.7 mL2 10 mL 10.5 mL3 10 mL 10.5 mL

Tnh ton kt qu th nghim: Phng trnh chun :

BOHNaClOHHClOBNa332742

252

Trng hp chun trc tip :Theo quy lutng lng ta cc nng ca HCl :

VVC

CVCVCX

RR

XRRXX

Tnh sai s ch th :Th nghim s dng Metyl c pT =5.5 lm cht ch th. Do

phng trnh kt thc chunpH 5.5 nn c [H+] =10-5.5. Vy l trng hp chun acid mnh nn qa trnh chundng trcim tng ng. T ta c th tnh c sai sch th theo cng thc:

100%

CV

VVHS

RR

RX

T ta c bng s liu sau:

STTTh tchHCl

Th tchNa2B4O7

Nng Na2B4O7

Nng HCl

pTch th

Sai sch th

1 10.70 mL 10.00 mL 0.0990 N 0.0925 N 5.5 -0.0065%

2 10.50 mL 10.00 mL 0.0990 N 0.0943 N 5.5 -0.0064%

3 10.50 mL 10.00 mL 0.0990 N 0.0943 N 5.5 -0.0064%

Tb 10.57 mL 10.00 mL 0.0990 N 0.0937 N -0.0064%

2. Th nghim IITrng hp 1: Vi ch th Metyl da cam.

Cho HCl 0.937N va chun v Buret, ly chnh xc 10mLNaOH cn chun vo bnh nn, thm vi git ch th Metyl dacam. chun chon khi dung dcht ngt chuyn t mu


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vng sang mu da cam th dng li, ghi li th tch ta c bng sliu.

Stt Th tch NaOH Th tch HCl 0.0937N1 10 mL 10.9 mL2 10 mL 10.6 mL3 10 mL 10.8 mL


OHNaClHClOHNa 2 Trng hp chun trc tip :Theo quy lutng lng ta c nng ca NaOH l :

VVC

CVCVCX

RR

XRRXX

Tnh sai s ch th :Th nghim s dng Metyl da cam c pT =4.0 lm cht ch th.

Do phng trnh kt thc chunpH 4.0 nn c [H+] =10-5.5. V y l trng hp chun Baz mnh nn qa trnhchun dng sauim tngng. T ta c th tnhcsai s ch th theo cng thc:

100%

CV

VVHS

RR

RX


STTTh tchNaOH

Th tchHCl

Nng HCl

Nng NaOH

pTch th

Sai sch th

1 10.00 mL 10.90 mL 0.0990 N 0.1079 N 4 0.1898%2 10.00 mL 10.60 mL 0.0990 N 0.1049 N 4 0.1924%

3 10.00 mL 10.80 mL 0.0990 N 0.1069 N 4 0.1907%

Tb 10.00 mL 10.77 mL 0.0990 N 0.1066 N 0.1910%

Trng hp 2: Vi ch th Phenolphtalein Cho HCl 0.937N va chun v Buret, ly chnh xc 10mL

NaOH cn chun vo bnh nn, thm vi git ch thPhenolphtalein. chun cho n khi dung dcht ngt chuynt nu hng sang khng mu th dng li, ghi li th tch ta cbng s liu.

Stt Th tch NaOH Th tch HCl 0.0937N1 10 mL 10.3 mL2 10 mL 10.4 mL3 10 mL 10.2 mL


OHNaClHClOHNa 2


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Trng hp chun trc tip :Theo quy lutng lng ta c nng ca NaOH l :

VVC

CVCVCX

RR

XRRXX

Tnh sai s ch th :

Th nghim s dng phenolphtalein c pT =9.0 lm cht ch th.Do phng trnh kt thc chunpH 9.0 nn c [OH-] =10-5. V y l trng hp chun baz mnh nn qa trnhchun dng trcim tng ng. T ta c th tnhc sai s ch th theo cng thc:

100%

CV

VVOHS

RR

RX


STTTh tch

NaOH

Th tch

HCl

Nng

HCl

Nng

NaOH

pT

ch th

Sai s

ch th1 10.00 mL 10.30 mL 0.0990 N 0.1020 N 9 -0.0195%

2 10.00 mL 10.40 mL 0.0990 N 0.1030 N 9 -0.0194%

3 10.00 mL 10.20 mL 0.0990 N 0.1010 N 9 -0.0196%

Tb 10.00 mL 10.30 mL 0.0990 N 0.1020 N -0.0195%

IV. Tr li cu hi v gii bi tp:1. Vit cc phn ng xy ra trong qu trnhnh phn Na2B4O7bng HCl?

Cc Phng trnh Phn ng xy ra:(1) BOHNaOHOHOBNa 332742 427

(2) OHNaClHClNaOH 2 Cng gp hai phng trnh li ta c :

(3) BOHNaClOHHClOBNa 332742 252 2. Tnh pH ca dung dch H3BO3 nng 0,1M bit pKH3BO3 =9.24?

Gii:Phng trnh phn ly:

BOHBOH

BOHHBOH

BOHHBOH

3323

233

3

2

233

pH dung dch :

12.51.0lg24.92

1lg

2

1 CpK aapH

3. Ti sao trong trng hp nh phn (pK1) ny ngi ta dng Metyl lmcht ch th?


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Gii thch:Ta c : trong dung dch, Na2B4O7 phn ly thnh NaOH v H3BO3 theoPhng trnh:

BOHNaOHOHOBNa 332742 427 Khi a dung dch vo nh phn, NaOH trong dung dch s tc dng

hon ton vi HCl : OHNaClHClNaOH 2 Khi n im tng ng, ton b NaOH Phn ng ht vi HCl,trong dung dch ch cn li l H3BO3 ng vai tr to mi trng pH chodung dch. ng thi ta c, pH ca dung dch H3BO3 vo khong 5.12 ,trng vi khong pH i mu ca ch th Metyl . Nn khi ta dng Metyl lm ch th th kt thc chun s ri vo im gn im tng ngnht v do chnh xc ca kt qu l cao nht.

4. Tnh s mL dung dch HCl 38% (d=1.19g/mL) cn thit pha 250mL dungdch HCl 0.1N?

Gii:

Nng CN ca dung dch HCl 38% l :

ND

PdCN 39.125.36

3819.110%10

Th tch HCl 12.39N cn dng pha 250mL HCl 0.1N l :

mLCVC

VVCVC 018.239.122501.0

0

000

5. Cn ly bao nhiu mL HNO3 68% (d=1.4g/mL) pha 5L HNO3 0.1N?Gii:

Nng CN ca dung dch HNO3 68% l :

ND

Pd

CN 11.1563684.110%10

Th tch HNO3 68% pha 5L HNO3 0.1N

mLCVC

VVCVC 091.3311.1550001.0

0

000

6. Ti sao khi dng Metyl v Phenolphtalein lm cht ch th trong trnghp nh phn dung dch NaOH tip xc lu vi khng khi bng dung dchHCl th kt qu khc nhau?

Gii thch:V NaOH l cht ht m mnh v d dng tc dng vi nhng cht khc

nh CO2, SO2 trong khng kh lm cho nng ca n gim xung. do

nng ca n s thp hn nng ban u. Bn cnh , khong pH i mu ca Metyl v Phenolphtalein l khc

nhau, Metyl c khong i mu t 4.4-6.2 v c pT=5.5 nn khi chun NaOH qu trnh s dng li sau im tng ng, th cn lng acid ln hn.Cn i vi Phenolphtalein th c khong pH i mu t 8-10 v c pT=9 nnqu trnh chun dng trc im tng ng do cn t acid hn.


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7. Tm nng ng lng gram v chun ca dung dch KOH nu ly0.1485g acid H2C4H4O4 ha tan ri nh phn bng dung dch KOH th ht25.2mL dung dch KOH?

Gii:Phng trnh phn ng:

OHOHCKKOHOHCH 22 244424442 Nng ng lng gam v chun ca dung dich KOH l:

mLgCD

Tb

NOHCH

OHCH

OHCH

VM

a

C

Vn

VMnM

VDaCa

KOH

N

KOHKOHKOH

KOHKOH

KOHKOH

KOH

N

/1000

561.0

1000)

1.02.25

1000118

1485.021000

100010001000

106.5

2

2)

3

4442

4442

4442

8. Cho 9.777g acid HNO3 m c vo nc pha long thnh 1L. nh phn25mL dung dch NaOH 0.104N cn 25.45mL dung dch acid va pha trn.Tnh nng phn trm ca dung dch HNO3 m c?


OHNaNONaOHHNO 233 Theo quy lutng lng ta cc nng ca HCl :

NVVCCVCVCX

RR

XRRXX1022.0

45.25104.025

Khi lng HNO3 tnh khit l:

gVD

aD

a CC NN 439,6100

1000631022.0

10001000

V

Phn trm ca HNO3 l:

%85.65100777.9

439.6100%

aP NaOH

9. Tnh s gram H3PO4 c trong dung dch nu khi nh phn dung dch bngdung dch NaOH 0.2N dng Phenolphtalein lm cht ch th th tn 25.5mLdung dch NaOH?


OHHPONaNaOHPOH 22 24243 S mol ca NaOH v H3PO4 l:


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mol

mol

nn

VCn

NaOHPOH

NaOHMNaOH NaOH

3

3

33

1055.22

101.5

2

1

101.5105.252.0

43

Khi lng ca H3PO4 l:

gMnm POHPOHPOH 2499.0981055.2

3

434343


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Bi 2:- XC NH NNG CH3COOH, H3PO4V NH4OH.- XC NH HM LNG Na2CO3TRONG Na2CO3 K THUT.- XC NH NNG NaOH V Na2CO3TRONG HN HP.

I. Mc ch.

Thc tp nh phn, xc nh nng ca mt cht bt k ang tn ti dngdung dch m ta cha bit nng , thng qua thc tp nh phn dung dchCH3COOH, H3PO4v NH4OH.Xc nh tp cht c trong mt cht c sn xut trong k thut.Luyn tp thc hnh phn tch thnh phn hn hp v nng ca chng.

II. Tnh ton kt qu v pha ch ho cht.Pha 1 Lt dung dch HCl 0,1N t dung dch gc c P% = 38 % vd=1.19g/mL, Tnh lng HCl 38% cn dng:

Gii:Nng CN ca dung dch HCl 38% l :

ND

Pd

CN39.12

5.3

3819.110%10

Th tch HCl 12.39N cn dng pha 1lt HCl 0.1N l :

mLCVC

VVCVC 07.839.1210001.0

0

000

Pha ch th hn hp c pT =5 pha hn hp ch th c pT =5 cn c hai ch th l Metyl 0.2% trongru v Bromcresol 0.1% trong ru; ly th tch hai ch th bng nhau, hotrn v khuyu, ta c mt ch th c pH i mu t 4.9 n 5.3 v cpT=5.Cn chnh xc 0.2g Na2CO3, ho tan hon ton bng 50mL nc ct.

I I I. Kt qu v bo co kt qu.1. Th nghim I : Ly chnh xc 10mL dung dch CH3COOH vo bnh tam gic, nh

thm vi git cht ch th Phenolphtalein 0.1%. T Buret nh dungdch NaOH 0.1N xung cho n khi dung dch chuyn sang muhng v khng i mu trong khong 5 giy. Ghi li th tch dng ta c bng s liu.Ln th nghim Th tch NaOH 0.1 N dng1 10.9 mL2 10.9 mL3 10.8 mL

Tnh ton kt qu th nghim. Phng trnh chun:

OHNaCOOCHCOOHCHOHNa 233 Trng hp chun trc tip acid yu bng baz mnhTheo quy lutng lng ta c nng ca CH3C OOH l

VVC

CVCVCX

RR

XRRXX


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Tnh sai s ch th :Th nghim s dng phenolphtalein c pT =9.0 lm cht ch th.

Do phng trnh kt thc chunpH 9.0 nn c [OH-] =10-5.. Nn qa trnh chun dng sau im tng ng. Tta c th tnhc sai s ch th theo cng thc:

CVVVOHSRR

RX

100

%


STTTh tchCH3COOH

Th tchNaOH

Nng NaOH

Nng CH3COOH

pTch th

Sai sch th

1 10.00 mL 10.90 mL 0.1000 N 0.1090 N 9 0.0192%

2 10.00 mL 10.90 mL 0.1000 N 0.1090 N 9 0.0192%

3 10.00 mL 10.80 mL 0.1000 N 0.1080 N 9 0.0193%

Tb 10.00 mL 10.87 mL 0.1000 N 0.1087 N 0.0192%

2. Th nghim II :Trng hp 1: Ch th Metyl 0.1% v Phenolphtalein 0.1% Ly 10mL dung dch H3PO4 vo bnh tam gic, cho thm 2~3 git

cht ch th Metyl 0.1%, cho t t dung dch NaOH 0.1N vobnh cho n khi dung dch chuyn t mu sang mu vng camth ngng li, ghi th tch NaOH tiu tn. Tip tc cho thm vigit cht ch th Phenolphtalein tip tc chun cho n khi dungdch chuyn t mu vng sang mu da cam th ngng li, ghi lith tch tiu tn. tac bng s liu:Stt Th tch tiu tn (Metyl ) Th tch tiu tn (Ph.ph)1 8.7 mL 14.6 mL2 8.5 mL 14.7 mL3 8.6 mL 14.5 mL

Tnh ton kt qu th nghim. Phng trnh chun :

)3(

)2(

)1(

24342

24242

24243

Pu

Pu

Pu

OHPONaPOHNaOHNa

OHPOHNaPOHNaOHNa

OHPOHNaPOHOHNa

Vi ch th Metyl : phnng xy ranc phnng th nht caacid (Pu1)Trng hp chun trc tip:Theo quy lutng lng ta c nng ca H3PO4 l:

VVC

CVCVCX

RR

XRRXX


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STTTh tchH3PO4

Th tchNaOH

Nng NaOH

Nng H3PO4

1 10.00 mL 8.70 mL 0.1000 N 0.0870 N

2 10.00 mL 8.50 mL 0.1000 N 0.0850 N

3 10.00 mL 8.60 mL 0.1000 N 0.0860 NTb 10.00 mL 8.60 mL 0.1000 N 0.0860 N

Vi ch th Phenolphtalein: phn ng xy ra nc phn ng thhai ca acid (Pu2)

VVV doMetylleinPhenolphtaR . Trng hp chun trc tip:Theo quy lutng lng ta c nng ca H2PO4

- l:

VVC

CVCVCX

RR

XRRXX


STTTh tchH3PO4

Th tchNaOH

Nng NaOH

Nng H2PO4

-

1 10.00 mL 5.90 mL 0.1000 N 0.0590 N

2 10.00 mL 6.20 mL 0.1000 N 0.0620 N

3 10.00 mL 5.90 mL 0.1000 N 0.0590 N

Tb 10.00 mL 6.00 mL 0.1000 N 0.0600 N

Trng hp 2: Ch th c pT =5.1 v pT=10.1 Ly 10mL dung dch H3PO4 vo bnh tam gic, cho thm 2~3 git

cht ch th pT =5.1 cho t t dung dch NaOH 0.1N vo bnh chon khi dung dch chuyn t mu sang mu xanh lc th ngng

li, ghi th tch NaOH tiu tn.Stt Th tch tiu tn1 8.5 mL2 8.4 mL3 8.5 mL

Ly 10mL dung dch H3PO4 vo bnh tam gic cho thm vi gitcht ch th pT =10.1 (thay bng Phenolphtalein pT =9) chun chon khi dung dch chuyn t mu vng sang mu tm th ngngli, ghi li th tch tiu tn. tac bng s liu:Stt Th tch tiu tn1 15.0 mL

2 15.2 mL3 15.1 mL


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Tnh ton kt qu th nghim. Phng trnh chun :

)3(

)2(

)1(

24342

24242

24243

Pu

Pu

Pu

OHPONaPOHNaOHNa

OHPOHNaPOHNaOHNa

OHPOHNaPOHOHNa

Vi ch th pT = 5.1 : phn ng xy ra nc phn ng th nht caacid (Pu1)Trng hp chun trc tip:Theo quy lutng lng ta c nng ca H3PO4 l:

VVC

CVCVCX

RR

XRRXX


STTTh tchH3PO4

Th tchNaOH

Nng NaOH

Nng H3PO4

1 10.00 mL 8.50 mL 0.1000 N 0.0850 N

2 10.00 mL 8.40 mL 0.1000 N 0.0840 N

3 10.00 mL 8.50 mL 0.1000 N 0.0850 N

Tb 10.00 mL 8.47 mL 0.1000 N 0.0847 N

Vi ch th Phenolphtalein :phn ng xy ra nc1 v 2 ca phnng th hai ca acid (Pu1,2)

CCC POHPHHR 4243 Trng hp chun trc tip:Theo quy lutng lng ta c nng ca H3PO4 l:

VVCCVCVCX

RR

XRRXX


STTTh tchH3PO4

Th tchNaOH

Nng NaOH

Nng H3PO4

1 10.00 mL 15.00 mL 0.1000 N 0.1500 N

2 10.00 mL 15.20 mL 0.1000 N 0.1520 N

3 10.00 mL 15.10 mL 0.1000 N 0.1510 N

Tb 10.00 mL 15.10 mL 0.1000 N 0.1510 N

3. Th nghim III : Ly 10mL NH4OH vo bnh nn, thm vi git Metyl da cam

0.1%, cho t t HCL 0.1N t Buret vo v lcu cho n khidung dch chuyn t mu vng sang mau da cam, ghi s th tchHCl dng.

Lm tng t vi ch th Metyl 0.1%


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Qua hai ln th nghim vi hai thuc th ta c kt qu sau:Th tch HCl ng vi ch th Metyl da cam Metyl 1 3.9 8.02 3.7 7.93 4.0 8.1

Tnh ton kt qu th nghim: Phng trnh chun:

OHClNHHClOHNH 244 Trng hp chun trc tip baz yu bng acid mnhTheo quy lutng lng ta c nng ca NH4OH l

VVC

CVCVCX

RR

XRRXX

Tnh sai s ch th :Th nghim s dng Metyl da cam v Metyl lm cht ch th.

Do phng trnh kt thc chunpH 4.0 v pH 5.5 nn c[H+] =10-4 v [H+] =10-5.5 Nn qa trnh chun dng trcim tng ng. T ta c th tnh c sai s ch th theocng thc:

CV

VVHS

RR

RX

100

%

T ta c bng s liu sau: i vi ch th Metyl da cam:

STTTh tchNH4OH

Th tchHCl

NngHCl

Nng

NH4OH

pTch th

Sai sch th

1 10.00 mL 3.90 mL 0.10 N 0.04 N 4 0.3564%2 10.00 mL 3.70 mL 0.10 N 0.04 N 4 0.3703%

3 10.00 mL 4.00 mL 0.10 N 0.04 N 4 0.3500%

Tb 10.00 mL 3.87 mL 0.10 N 0.04 N 0.3589%

i vi ch th metyl :

STTTh tchNH4OH

Th tchHCl

NngHCl

Nng

NH4OH

pTch th

Sai sch th

1 10.00 mL 8.00 mL 0.10 N 0.08 N 5.5 0.0071%

2 10.00 mL 7.90 mL 0.10 N 0.08 N 5.5 0.0072%

3 10.00 mL 8.10 mL 0.10 N 0.08 N 5.5 0.0071%Tb 10.00 mL 8.00 mL 0.10 N 0.08 N 0.0071%

4. Th nghin IV : Cho 0.2g Na2CO3 vo bnh nn v ho tan hon ton vi 50mL

nc ct. Ly 10ml cho vo bnh tam gic chun cho thm vai git ch th

Bromcresol xanh cho cho thm 10mL dung dch HCl 0.1N dungdch s chuyn t mu sang mu vng cam. em hn hp sau


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phnngun si vi pht, cho thm vi git ch th Phenolphtaleinv thc hin chun bng dung dch NaOH 0.1N cho n khidung dch chuyn t mu vng sang mu da cam th dng li, ghikt qu thuc ta c:Ln th nghim Th tch NaOH1 2.3 mL

2 2.2 mL3 2.3 mL


OHCOCOH

COHNaClHClCONato

2232

3232

OHNaClHClOHNa 2 Trng hp chun ngc :Theo quy lutng lng ta c khi lng ca Na2CO3 trong

10mL l :

DVCVC

mVCVCVC XRR

XRRXX

RRRR

1000''

''

Khi lng ca Na2CO3 trong 50mL l :

10

50 ma X

Phn trm khi lng ca Na2CO3 l:

100% pa

P

Ta c bng s liu sau :STT

Khi lngcn

Th tchNa2CO3 (pha)

Th tchNa2CO3 (ly)

Khilng

Phntrm

1 0.200 g 50.00 mL 10.00 mL 0.163 g 81.6%

2 0.200 g 50.00 mL 10.00 mL 0.165 g 82.7%

3 0.200 g 50.00 mL 10.00 mL 0.163 g 81.6%

Tb 0.200 g 50.00 mL 10.00 mL 0.164 g 82.0%

5. Th nghim VPhng php 1 Ly 10mL hn hp NaOH+Na2CO3 cho vo bnh tam gic, thm

vi git ch th Phenolphtalein v thj hin chun bng dungdch HCl 0.1N cho n khi dung dch chuyn t mu tm sangkhng mu, ghi th tch V1 thu c. Sau cho thm vi git chth Metyl da cam v tip tc chun chon khi dung dchchuyn t mu vng sang mu da cam th ngng li v ghi li thtch V2 dng. Ta c bng s liu sau:ln V1 V21 11.1 mL 12.5 mL2 11.3 mL 12.4 mL3 11.2 mL 12.4 mL


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OHNaClHClOHNa

COHNaClHClCONaH

CONaHNaClHClCONa

2

323

332

Xc nh khi lng ca cc thnh phn trong hn hp:

DCVV

m NaOHHClNaOH

1000

221

DCVV

m CONaCONa HCl

3232 1000

2 12

Tnh thnh phn phn trm ca cc cht:

%%

%

100

100

32

32

PP

mmm

P

NaOH

NaOH

NaOH

NaOH

CONa

CONa

Ta c bng s liu sau:

SttTh tch

V1Th tch

V2Nng

HCl

nglngNaOH

nglngNa2CO3

Phntrm

NaOH

Phntrm

Na2CO3

1 11.10 mL 12.50 mL 0.10 N 40 53 72.33% 27.67%

2 11.30 mL 12.40 mL 0.10 N 40 53 77.77% 22.23%

3 11.20 mL 12.40 mL 0.10 N 40 53 75.87% 24.13%

Tb 11.20 mL 12.43 mL 0.10 N 75.33% 24.67%

Phng php 2:

Ly 10mL dung dch NaOH+Na2CO3 cho vi git cht ch thMetyl da cam vo thc hin chun bng HCl 0.1N cho n khidung dch chuyn t mu vng sang mu da cam thi ngng li vghi th tch V1. Ta c bng s liu sau :Ln th nghim Th tch HCl tiu tn1 7.8 mL2 7.9 mL3 7.6 mL

Ly 10mL hn hp trn cho vo bnh tam gic, thm 5~7mL dungdch BaCl2 5% v 8~10 git ch th Phennolphtalein, khng cnlc b kt ta, em hn hpnh phn bng dung dch HCl 0.1N

cho n khi mt mu dung dch, ghi li th tch V2 tac :Ln Th tch HCl tiu tn1 6.0 mL2 5.8 mL3 5.9 mL


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OHNaClHClOHNa

COHNaClHClCONaH

CONaHNaClHClCONa

2

323

332

Xc nh khi lng ca cc thnh phn trong hn hp:

DCV

m NaOHHClNaOH 10002

DCVV

m CONaCONa HCl

3232 1000

2 21

Tnh thnh phn phn trm ca cc cht:

%%

%

100

100

32

32

PP

mmm

P

NaOH

NaOH

NaOH

NaOH

CONa

CONa

Ta c bng s liu sau:

SttTh tch

V1Th tch

V2Nng

HCl

nglngNaOH

nglngNa2CO3

Phntrm

NaOH

Phntrm

Na2CO3

1 7.80 mL 9.60 mL 0.10 N 40 53 55.71% 44.29%

2 7.90 mL 10.00 mL 0.10 N 40 53 51.03% 48.97%

3 7.60 mL 9.30 mL 0.10 N 40 53 56.70% 43.30%

Tb 7.77 mL 9.63 mL 0.10 N 54.48% 45.52%


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Bi 3:PHA CH V XC NH NNG DUNG DCH KMnO4.XC NH NNG CA DUNG DCH ST (II) BNG KMnO4.

II. Mc ch.Luyn tp pha ch dung dch chun v s dng H2C2O4 xc nh li nng

ca dung dch chun pha lKMnO4.S dng dung dch chun va pha c nh phn dung dch st (II)ng thi tng cng k nng cho nhng qu trnh thc hnh phn tchmi trng trong thc t.

I I I. Tnh ton kt qu v pha ch ho cht.Pha ch dung dch H2C2O4 0.05N, tnh lng cn H2C2O4.2H2O cn thitpha 100mL v 500mL dung dch ?

Gii:Lng cn cn thit pha 100mL :

gVD

a

D

a C

C

N

N3152.0

1000

1000335.6305.0

100

1000

V

Lng cn cn thit pha 500mL :

gVD

aD

a CC

N

N5758.1

1000

5000335.6305.0

1001000

V

Cn 0.3151g H2C2O4.10H2O tnh nngng lng khi pha thnh 100mLdung dch.

Gii:Nng ca dung dch l:

ND

aCN 05.01000335.6

10003151.01000

V

Pha 250mL dung d ch H2SO4 6N, tnh th tch H2SO4 98% (d =1.84g/mL)?Gii:

Nng CN ca dung dch H2SO4 98% l :

ND

PdCN 8.3649

9884.110%10

Th tch H2SO4 98% cn dng pha 250mL H2SO4 6N l :

mLCVC

VVCVC 761.408.362506

0

000

Pha hn hp hai acid H2SO4 v H3PO4:Ly 150ml H2SO4c (d =1.84g/mL) v cho tht cn thn vo 500mL nc,

ngui, ri li thm 150mL H3PO4c (d =1.7g/mL) sau pha thnh1000mL dung dch.IV. Kt qu v bo co kt qu.

1. Th nghim I : nh phn dung dch KMnO4 Ly 10mL dung dch H2C2O4 va pha cho vo bnh tam gic, thm

7mL dung dch H2SO4 6N, un nng trn bpinn 70~80. Cho t t dung dch KMnO4 vo hn hp trn, lc u cho tht

chm to lng Mn2+ lm xc tc, sau c th tng tcnhanh hn, chun cho ti khi dung dch c mu hng trong khong


19/36


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Trang : 19

Ta c bng s liu sau:

SttTh tch

st (II)Th tchKMnO4

Nng KMnO4

Nng St (II)

chun

1 0.0100 L 0.0098 L 0.05 N 0.05 N 2.74 g/L

2 0.0100 L 0.0099 L 0.05 N 0.05 N 2.77 g/L

3 0.0100 L 0.0099 L 0.05 N 0.05 N 2.77 g/L

Tb 0.0100 L 0.0099 L 0.05 N 0.05 N 2.76 g/L

V. Tr li cu hi v gii bi tp.1. Ti sao khng th pha dung dch KMnO4 c nng nh trc theo lng

cn chnh xc ?Tr li : Trong dung dch, v trong iu kin c cc cht kh khc,

KMnO4 d dng tc dng v to thnh hp cht khc, trong nc, di tc dngca khuy o v chiu sng, KMnO4 cng d dng b phn hu thnh cht khc,do o ta khng th pha dung dch KMnO4 c nng xc nh bng mt lngcn chnh xc c.2. Gii thch cc iu kin th nghim : thm H2SO4, un nng dung dch, tc

thm thuc th vo dung dch ban u phi rt chm?Gii thch :Thm H2SO4 : trong cc phn ng ca KMnO4, nu trong iu

kin c mi trng pH cng nh, tnh Oxi ho ca n cng mnh, d cn thm H2SO4 to mi trng cho phn ng nhanh v mnh hn. Bncnh , H2SO4 cn ng vai tr l mt trong s cc cht tham gia phnng.

un nng dung dch: iu kin thng, khng c xc tc, khitip xc vi nhit , dung dch KMnO4 cng d dng b phn hu. Nhvy khi ta un nng thi lam tng kh nng phn ng ca n, ngha l lmtng tc phn ng trnh mt thi gian di v lm nh hng n

nng ca dung dch khi tip xc lu vi nh sng.Tc thm thuc th ban u rt chm sau mi tng tcln l v : cc phnng ca KMnO4 thng cn c Mn

2+ lm xc tccho phnng din ra nhanh hn. Do vy lc u ta thm tht chm chophnng din ra t t v lc ny phnng din ra rt chm v cng l thigian toc mt lng Mn2+ lm xc tc cho phnng ri mi tngtc chun dung dch.

3. Ti sao khi nh phn, lu mu ca KMnO4 li bin mt ?Gii thch:

Trongiu kin thng : KMnO4 trong dung dch d dng b phnhu di tc dng ca nh sng v nhit. c bit trong iu kin c H+lm xc tc th qu trnh li din ra cc mnh lit hn nn khi chunnu ta lu thi mu ca dung dch b bin mt do KMnO4 b phn hy


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4. Ly 0.2g mu qung cha MnO2, ch ha bng H2C2O4 d v H2SO4. Th tchdung dch H2C2O4 ly l 25mL v chun lng H2C2O4 d cn20.0mL dung dch KMnO4 0.02N. Bit rng 25.0mL dung dch H2C2O4 tcdng va ht vi 45.0mL KMnO4 0.02N. Tnh phn trm Mn trong qung?

Gii :Cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra:

OHCOSOMnSOHOCHMnO 22 2 24424222

OHCOSOMnSOK

SOHOCHKMnO

8102

352

2 2442

424224

Lng acid H2C2O4 tc dng vi MnO2 l :Th tch (mL) KMnO4 H2C2O4 H2C2O4 tc dng vi MnO2Trc khi phn ng 45 25 0Sau khi phn ng 20 x 25 - x =y

Vy

mLxy

mLx

9.1325

1.11

45

2520

Nng ca H2C2O4 l :


22/36

Trang : 21

NCN 036.02545020.0

S mol ca H2C2O4tc dng vi MnO2 v s mol MnO2 l :

mol

mol

nn

VCVCn

OCHMnO

N

MOCH

25.0

25.02

9.13036.0

2

4222

422

Phn trm ca Mntrong qung l :

mM

nMm

quang

MnO

Mn mM

Mn

100

% 2?


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Bi 4:PHNG PHP XY HA KH- PHP O I CRMT, IT

I. Mc ch.nh phn nng ca St (II), Na2S2O3 v ng (II) trong dung dch.Thc tp s dng thnh tho phng php chun oxy ha kh trong php

o icromat v Iot.II. Tnh ton kt qu v pha ch ho cht.

Pha 500mL dung dch Na2S2O3 0.05N, tnh lng cn Na2S2O3.10H2O cndng ?

Gii:Lng cn cn thit pha 500mL Na2S2O3 0.05N :

gVD

aD

a CC NN 2045.61000

50018.24805.0

10001000

V

Pha 500mL dung dch K2Cr2O7 0.05N, tnh lng cn K2Cr2O7 cn dng ?Gii:

Lng cn cn thit pha 500mL K2Cr2O7 0.05N :

gVD

aD

a CC

N

N2258.1

1000

500032.4905.0

10001000

V

Pha 250mL dung dch KI 5%, tnh lng cn KI ?Gii:

Xt trng hp khi lng ring ca dung dch l d =1g/mL ta c V =m

gmP

aa

P 5.121002505

10

%100%

Pha 250mL dung d ch H2SO4 2N,4N tnh th tch H2SO4 98% (d =1.84g/mL) cn dng?

Gii:Nng CN ca dung dch H2SO4 98% l :

ND

PdCN 8.3649

9884.110%10


mLCVC

VVCVC 587.138.362502

0

000


mLCVCVVCVC 174.278.36

2504

0

000

Pha 100mL dung dch H tinh bt 0.5%, tnh lng cn H tinh bt cn dng?Gii:

Xt trng hp khi lng ring ca dung dch l d =1g/mL ta c V =m

gmP

aa

P 5.01001005.0

10

%100%


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Pha 250mL dung dch H3PO4 4N tnh th tch H3PO4 85% (d =1.7g/mL) cndng?

Gii:Nng CN ca dung dch H3PO4 85% l :

ND

PdCN 234.444

857.110%10

Th tch H3PO4 85% cn dng pha 250mL H3PO4 4N l :

mLCVC

VVCVC 61.22234.442504

0

000

Pha 100mL dung dch HCl theo t l 1:2 cn dng 33.33mL dung dch HClnguyn cht

Pha 250mL dung dch CH3COOH 4N tnh th tch CH3COOH 99.5% (d =1.05g/mL) cn dng?

Gii:

Nng CN ca dung dch CH3COOH 99.5% l :N

D

PdCN 4125.1760

5.9905.110%10

Th tch CH3COOH 99.5% cn dng pha 250mL CH3COOH 4N l :

mLCVC

VVCVC 43.574125.172504

0

000

Pha 50mL Diphenylamin 1% (d =1.84g/mL), tnh lng cn ?Gii:

Lng cn cn dng l :

gVdPmPaaP 92.01084.1501

100%

10%100%

Pha 250mL KSCN 10% (d =1g/mL), tnh lng cn ?Gii:

Lng cn cn dng l :

gVdPmP

aa

P 25100125010

100

%

10

%100%

I I I. Kt qu v bo co kt qu.1. Th nghim I : xc nh nng St (II)

Ly 10mL dung dch Fe2+cn xc nh vo bnh tam gic 250mL,thm 1mL H3PO4 4N v thm thm 5mL HCl 1:2 v 2~3 git chtch th Diphenylamin. T Buret nh tng git K2Cr2O7 c nng 0.05N, lc ti khi dung dch c mu xanh tm th dng li: ghi thtch K2Cr2O7 dng ta c:

Stt Th tch dng (mL)1 10.02 9.93 9.8


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OHCrFeHOCrFe 7614633

22 2

7 2

Theo quy lutng lng ta c nng ca Fe2+l :

VVCCVCVC XRR

XRRXX

Trng hp chun trc tip ta c chun ca Fe2+ l

)/(44 LgV

DVCV

DVCVa

TFe

FeKMnOKMnO

Fe

FeFeFe

Fe

Fe

Fe

Ta c bng s liu sau:Stt Th tch st (II) Th tch K2Cr2O7 Nng K2Cr2O7 Nng St (II) chun

1 0.0100 L 0.0100 L 0.05 N 0.05 N 2.80 g/L

2 0.0100 L 0.0099 L 0.05 N 0.05 N 2.77 g/L

3 0.0100 L 0.0098 L 0.05 N 0.05 N 2.74 g/L

Tb 0.0100 L 0.0099 L 0.05 N 0.05 N 2.77 g/L

2. Th nghim II : Xc nh nng Na2S2O3 Ly 10mL dung dch K2Cr2O7 c nng 0.05N vo bnh nn

100mL, thm 5mL H2SO4 4N + 10mL dung dch KI 5%, lc nh,y bnh nn bng knh ng h, yn trong bng ti 10pht. TBuret nh tng git Na2S2O3 v lc u cho ti khi dung dch cmu vang lc, thm 1mL dung dch H tinh bt 1%, tip tc nhtng git Na2S2O3 ti khi mt mu xanh tm, ghi li th tchNa2S2O3 dng tac:

stt Th tch dng

1 13.42 13.23 13.3

Tnh ton kt qu th nghim: Phng trnh phn ng:

OSIOSI

OHCrIHOCrI

26423

2

3

332

2

7

32

723149 2

Cng hai phng trnh trn ta c:

OHCrOSHOCrOS 72314632

642272

23 2

Nng Na2S2O3

VVC

CVCVCX

RR

XRRXX


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Ta c bng s liu sau:

STTTh tchNa2S2O3

Th tchK2Cr2O7

Nng K2Cr2O7

Nng Na2S2O3

1 13.40 mL 10.00 mL 0.050 N 0.037 N

2 13.20 mL 10.00 mL 0.050 N 0.038 N

3 13.30 mL 10.00 mL 0.050 N 0.038 NTb 13.30 mL 10.00 mL 0.050 N 0.038 N

3. Th nghim III : Xc nh nng Cu2+ Dng Pipet ly ng 10mL dung dch Cu2+ cn xc nh vo bnh

nn 250mL. thm 2.5mL dung dch CH3COOH 4N v 2.5mL dungdch KI 5% lc nh. y bnh nn bng knh ng h v yn bng ti 10pht. T Buret nh tng git Na2S2O3, lc u ti khidung dc c mu vng rm, cho thm 0.5mL dung dch H tinh btv tip tc nh tng git dung dch Na2S2O3 xung ti khi dungdch mt mu xanh tm, thm 2.5mL dung dch KSCN 10% lc k,

chun n mt mu xanh hon ton. Ghi li th tch Na2S2O3 dng ta c.Ln Th tch s dng (mL)1 7.12 7.33 7.2


OSIOSI

ICuIICu

2

64

2

32 3

252

3

32

Cng hai phng trnh li ta c :

OSCuIIOSCu

2

64

2

32 2222

Theo quy lutng lng ta c nng ca Cu2+l :

VVC

CVCVCX

RR

XRRXX

Trng hp chun trc tip ta c chun ca Cu2+ l

)/(Na2S2O3Na2S2O3 Lg

V

DVC

V

DVC

V

a

T CuCu

Cu

CuCuCu

Cu

Cu

Cu

Ta c bng s liu sau:

SttTh tchng (II)

Th tchNa2S2O3

Nng Na2S2O3

Nng ng (II) chun

1 0.0100 L 0.0071 L 0.038 N 0.027 N 1.73 g/L

2 0.0100 L 0.0073 L 0.038 N 0.027 N 1.78 g/L

3 0.0100 L 0.0072 L 0.038 N 0.028 N 1.75 g/L

Tb 0.0100 L 0.0072 L 0.038 N 0.027 N 1.75 g/L


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Bi 5:PHNG PHP COMPLEXON

I. Mc ch.S dng phng php complexon chun cc cht da trn phn ng tophc ca n vi cc ion to nn cc phc cht trong dung dch.Thc hin chun mt s ion kim loi c ha tr II thng dng nh : Zn2+,

Pb2+

, Ca2+

, Mg2+

, Cu2+

.II. Tnh ton kt qu v pha ch ho cht.

Pha 500mL dung dchm NH4Cl NH4OH pH 10 theo t l: 1 lt dung dchm cn 570mL NH4OH (d=0.9g/mL) v 70g NH4Cl tnh lng cn dng?

Gii:Th tch ca NH4OH v khi lng NH4Cl cn dng l :Ta c 1000mL dung dch cn 570mL NH4OH v 70g NH4ClTa c 500mL dung dch cn VmL NH4OH v Xg NH4Cl

mLV 2851000500570

gX 35100070500

0

Pha 1000mL dung dch EDTA 0.05N t mui Na2H2Y.2H2O (M =372.242g/mol), tnh lng cn cn thit?

Gii:Lng cn cn thit pha 1000mL EDTA 0.05N :

gVD

aD

a CC

N

N31.9

1000

1000121.18605.0

1001000

V

Trn 10g hn hp ch th Murexit 10% dng rn trong NaCl, tnh lng cnMurexit v mui NaCl?

Gii:

Lng cn cn dng l :

gam

gmP

am

a

a

P

NaCl9110

1100

1010

100

%100%

Trn 10g hn hp ch th Eriocrom T-en 1% dng rn trong NaCl, tnhlng cn ca thnh phn?

Gii:Lng cn cn dng l :

gam

gmP

am

a

a

P

NaCl 9.91.010

1.0100

101

100

%100%

Pha 100mL dung dch NH4Cl 1M bng tinh th NH4Cl, tnh lng cn?Gii:

Lng cn cn thit pha 100mL NH4Cl 1M :

gVM

aM

a CC MM 35.51000

1005.531

10001000

V


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I I I. Kt qu v bo co kt qu.1. Th nghim I : Xc nh nng Mg2+ Ly 10mL dung dch Mg2+ cho vo bnh nn, thm 1.5mL dung dch m

NH4Cl-NH4OH, thm vi git ch th Eriocrom T-en (khong 1 ht u),lc dung dch c mu nho. Thc hin chun bng dung dch EDTA0.05N cho ti khi dung dch chuyn mu xanh bic. Ghi th tch EDTA

dng:Ln Th tch s dng (mL)1 10.12 10.23 10.0Tnh ton kt qu th nghim: Phng trnh chun :

HHIndMgYYHMgInd

HMgIndHIndMg

222

22

2

Thc hin cng gp hai phng trnh ta c:

HMgYYHMg 2222

2

Theo quy lutng lng ta c nng ca Mg2+ l :

VVC

CVCVCX

RR

XRRXX

Ta c bng s liu sau:

STTTh tch

Mg2+Th tch

EDTANng EDTA

Nng

Mg2+

1 10.00 mL 10.10 mL 0.050 N 0.051 N

2 10.00 mL 10.20 mL 0.050 N 0.051 N

3 10.00 mL 10.00 mL 0.050 N 0.050 N

Tb 10.00 mL 10.10 mL 0.050 N 0.051 N

2. Th nghim II : Xc nh nng Zn2+(ch th Eriocrom T-en) Lm tng t th nghim I nhng thay dung dch cn c nh phn bng

dung dch Zn2+Th tch EDTA dng :

Ln Th tch s dng (mL)

1 9.92 9.83 9.9Tnh ton kt qu th nghim: Phng trnh chun :

HHIndZnYYHZnInd

HZnIndHIndZn

222

22

2


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HZnYYHZn 2222

2

Theo quy lutng lng ta c nng ca Zn2+l :

V

VCCVCVC

X

RR

XRRXX

Ta c bng s liu sau:

STTTh tch

Zn2+Th tch

EDTANng EDTA

Nng Zn2+

1 10.00 mL 9.90 mL 0.050 N 0.050 N

2 10.00 mL 9.80 mL 0.050 N 0.049 N

3 10.00 mL 9.90 mL 0.050 N 0.050 N

Tb 10.00 mL 9.87 mL 0.050 N 0.049 N

3. Th nghim III : Xc nh nng ca Pb2+( ch th Eriocrom T-en)

Trng hp 1 : chun ngc Ly 10mL dung dch Pb2+, thm chnh xc 15mL dung dch EDTA 0.05N.Lc u, thm 5mL hn hp m NH4Cl-NH4OH, mt ht u cht ch thEriocrom T-en. T Buret nh tng git dung dch Zn2+ c nng vaxc nh trn cho n khi dung dch chuyn t mu xanh bic n mu nho. Ghi th tch Zn2+ dng tac :

Ln Th tch s dng (mL)1 4.92 5.13 5.0Tnh ton kt qu th nghim:

Phng trnh chun :

HPbYYHPb 2222

2

HZnYZnYH 2222

2

Theo quy lutng lng ta c nng caCl- l :

VVCVC

CVCVCVCX

RR

XRRXX

RRRR

''

''

Ta c bng s liu sau:

STT Th tchdung dchPb2+

Th tchdung dchEDTA

Nng dung dchEDTA

Th tchdung dchZn2+

Nng dung dchZn2+

Nng dung dchPb2+

1 10.00 mL 15.00 mL 0.0500 N 4.90 mL 0.0490 N 0.0510 N

2 10.00 mL 15.00 mL 0.0500 N 5.10 mL 0.0490 N 0.0500 N

3 10.00 mL 15.00 mL 0.0500 N 5.00 mL 0.0490 N 0.0505 N

Tb 10.00 mL 15.00 mL 0.0500 N 5.00 mL 0.0490 N 0.0505 N


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Trng hp 2 : chun thay th Ly 10ml dung dch Zn2+ tin hnh chun nh th nghim I ta c dung

dch Complexonat Zn. Sau cho thm 10mL dung dch Pb2+vo bnh nnng Complexonat Zn (ZnY2-), t Buret nh tng git dung dch EDTAxung v chun cho ti khi dung dch chuyn t mu nho sang muxanh bic th dng li. Ghi th tch EDTA dng:

Th tch EDTA Nc 1 Nc 2Ln 1 9.9 19.9Ln 2 9.8 19.8Ln 3 9.9 19.9Tnh ton kt qu th nghim: Phng trnh chun : Khi cho ch th vo dung dch Km:

HZnIndHIndZn

22

Khi cho EDTA vo hn hp:

HHIndZnYYHZnInd

222

2


HZnYYHZn 2222

2

Khi cho thm Pb2+vo:

ZnPbYZnYPb

2222

HZnIndHIndZn

22

Tip tc cho thm EDTA vo hn hp ta c:

HHIndZnY

YHZnInd

222.....

2

Theo quy lutng lng ta c nng caPb2+l :

VCVV

CX

R

X

12

Ta c bng s liu sau:stt Th tch

V1 - EDTA

Th tchV2- EDTA

Th tchPb2+

Nng EDTA

Nng Pb2+

1 9.90 mL 19.90 mL 10 mL 0.05 N 0.0500 N2 9.80 mL 19.90 mL 10 mL 0.05 N 0.0505 N3 9.90 mL 19.80 mL 10 mL 0.05 N 0.0495 NTb 9.87 mL 19.87 mL 10 mL 0.05 N 0.0500 N

4. Th nghim IV : xc nh nng Ca2+ Ly 10mL dung dch Ca2+ cn nh phn vo bnh nn 250mL, pha long

gp i th tch bng nc ct, thm 0.5mL NaOH 1N v 1ht u ch thMurexid trong NaCl 1%, dung dch c mu . T Buret nh tng git dungdch EDTA c nng 0.05N v thc hin chun cho ti khi dung dchchuyn t mu sang tm hoa c. Ghi th tch dung dch EDTA dng:


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Ln Th tch s dng (mL)1 9.62 9.63 9.7Tnh ton kt qu th nghim: Phng trnh chun :

IndHCaYYHIndCaH

HIndCaHIndHCa

4

22

2

2

2

2

4 2


HCaYYHCa 2222

2

Theo quy lutng lng ta c nng caCa2+l :

V

VC

CVCVC XRR

XRRXX

Ta c bng s liu sau:

STTTh tch

Ca2+Th tch

EDTANng EDTA

Nng Ca2+

1 10.00 mL 9.60 mL 0.050 N 0.048 N

2 10.00 mL 9.60 mL 0.050 N 0.048 N

3 10.00 mL 9.70 mL 0.050 N 0.049 N

Tb 10.00 mL 9.63 mL 0.050 N 0.048 N

5. Th nghim V : Xc nh nng Cu2+

Ly 10mL dung dch Cu2+

cn xc nh vo bnh nn 250mL, thm 1mLdung dch NH4Cl 1M +mt ht u ch th Murexid. Thm t t tng gitdung dch NH4OH 1M cho n khi dung dch xut hin mu vng. Thchin chun bng dung dch EDTA n khi dung dch chuyn t muvng sang mu tm hng. Ghi kt qu EDTA dng:

Ln Th tch s dng (mL)1 9.92 9.83 9.7


IndHCuYYHIndCuH

HIndCuHIndHCu

4

2

2

2

2

22

4 2


HCuYYHCu 2222

2


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Theo quy lutng lng ta c nng caCu2+l :

VVC

CVCVCX

RR

XRRXX

Ta c bng s liu sau:

STT

Th tch

Cu2+Th tch

EDTA

Nng

EDTA

Nng

Cu2+

1 10.00 mL 9.90 mL 0.050 N 0.050 N

2 10.00 mL 9.80 mL 0.050 N 0.049 N

3 10.00 mL 9.70 mL 0.050 N 0.049 N

Tb 10.00 mL 9.80 mL 0.050 N 0.049 N


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Bi 6:PHNG PHP CHUN KT TA

I. Mc ch.Thc tp xc nh nng ca Cltrong nc mu, kim nghim li tinhkhit ca nc ct trong phng th nghim bng cch kim tra nng Cl ctrong nc.

II. Tnh ton kt qu v pha ch ho cht.Pha 500mL dung dch AgNO3 0.01M (M=169.873g/mol) tnh lng cn camui?

Gii:Lng cn cn thit pha 100mL AgNO3 0.01N

gVM

aM

a CC MM 849.0100

500873.16901.0

10001000

V

Pha 100mL dung dch K2Cr2O7 5% tnh lng cn mui cn pha vi nc?Gii:

Xt trng hp khi lng ring ca dung dch l d =1g/mL ta c V =mLng cn cn dng l :

gmP

aa

P 51001005

100

%100%

Pha 250mL dung dch NaHCO3 5% tnh lng cn mui cn pha vi nc?Gii:

Xt trng hp khi lng ring ca dung dch l d =1g/mL ta c V =mLng cn cn dng l :

gmP

aa

P 25.11002505

100

%100%

Pha 100mL dung dch fluorescein 0.5% tnh lng cn mui cn pha vi trongru?

Gii:Xt trng hp khi lng ring ca dung dch l d =1g/mL ta c V =mLng cn cn dng l :

gmP

aa

P 5.01001005.0

100

%100%

Pha 250mL dung dch HNO3 6N, tnh th tch HNO3 65% (d =1.4g/mL) cndng?

Gii:Nng CN ca dung dch HNO3 65% l :

ND

PdCN 508.1663

654.110%10

Th tch HNO3 65% cn dng pha 250mL HNO3 6N l :

mLCVC

VVCVC 865.90508.162506

0

000


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Pha 500mL dung dch KSCN 0.01N t tinh th KSCN (M=97.184g/mol) tnhlng cn cn dng?

Gii:Lng cn cn thit pha 500mL KSCN 0.01N :

gVD

aD

a CC

N

N486.0

1000

500184,9701.0

10001000

V

Pha 100mL phn St (III) clorua bo hoCho mt lng d phn st (III) clorua vo cc 250mL, cho thm vo khong 100mL khuy cho n khi phn st (III) khng cn tanc na, xpgiy lc hnh cnh qut v lc trn phu thy tinh, ly va 100mL.

I I I. Kt qu v bo co kt qu.1. Th nghim I : Phng php Mohr Ly 5ml mu nc cho vo bnh tam gic thm 10mL dung dch NaHCO3

v khong 2mL dung dch K2CrO4 5%, t Buret nh t t dung dch AgNO30.01M, lc mnh, gn ti im tng ng, dung dch tr nn trong hn,xut hin kt ta AgCl. Lc thm cc k chm tng git AgNO3, lcmnh cho ti khi xut hin kt ta mu gch th ngng li. Ghi th tch dng:

Thc hin lm tng t vi nc ct trong phng th nghim:Th tch AgNO3 dng khi chun : Nc mu Nc ctLn 1 1.5 0.9Ln 2 1.4 0.8Ln 3 1.6 0.7


AgClClAg

CrOAgCrOAg 422

4


VVC

CVCVCX

RR

XRRXX

Ta c bng s liu sau:TRNG HP 1 : VI NC MU

STTTh tchmu nc

Th tchAgNO3

Nng AgNO3

Nng Cl-

1 5.00 mL 1.50 mL 0.0100 M 0.0030 M2 5.00 mL 1.40 mL 0.0100 M 0.0028 M

3 5.00 mL 1.60 mL 0.0100 M 0.0032 M

Tb 5.00 mL 1.50 mL 0.0100 M 0.0030 M


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TRNG HP 1 : VI NC CT PHNG TH NGHIM

STTTh tchmu nc

Th tchAgNO3

Nng AgNO3

Nng Cl-

1 5.00 mL 0.90 mL 0.0100 M 0.0018 M

2 5.00 mL 0.80 mL 0.0100 M 0.0016 M

3 5.00 mL 0.70 mL 0.0100 M 0.0014 MTb 5.00 mL 0.80 mL 0.0100 M 0.0016 M

2. Th nghim II : Phng Php Fajans Ly 5ml mu nc cho vo bnh tam gic thm 5mL dung dch NaHCO3 v

khong 5git ch th Fluorescein 5%, t Buret nh t t dung dch AgNO30.01M, lc mnh cho ti khi xut hin mu hng th ngng li. Ghi th tch dng:

Thc hin lm tng t vi nc ct trong phng th nghim:Th tch AgNO3 dng khi chun : Nc mu Nc ctLn 1 2.8 1.6

Ln 2 2.6 1.7Ln 3 2.7 1.5


AgClClAg

NOFlAgAgCLFlNOAgAgCL XXXXX

Xm

X

Xm

33


V

VCCVCVC

X

RR

XRRXX

Ta c bng s liu sau:TRNG HP 1 : VI NC MU

STTTh tchmu nc

Th tchAgNO3

Nng AgNO3

Nng Cl-

1 5.00 mL 2.80 mL 0.0100 M 0.0056 M

2 5.00 mL 2.60 mL 0.0100 M 0.0052 M

3 5.00 mL 2.70 mL 0.0100 M 0.0054 M

Tb 5.00 mL 2.70 mL 0.0100 M 0.0054 M

TRNG HP 1 : VI NC CT PHNG TH NGHIM

STT Th tchmu nc

Th tchAgNO3

Nng AgNO3

Nng Cl-

1 5.00 mL 1.60 mL 0.0100 M 0.0032 M

2 5.00 mL 1.70 mL 0.0100 M 0.0034 M

3 5.00 mL 1.50 mL 0.0100 M 0.0030 M

Tb 5.00 mL 1.60 mL 0.0100 M 0.0032 M


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3. Th nghim III : Phng Php Volhard (xc nh Br-) Ly 5mL dung dch cha Br- cn nh phn cho vo bnh tam gic, thm

2mL dung dch HNO3 6N thm chnh xc 5mL dung dch AgNO3 0.01M tikhi dung dch khng cn kh nng kt ta thm c na th thm 5mLdung dch AgNO3 na, 10git ch th Phn St III bo ha. T Buret nhtng git SCN- 0.01N cho n khi dung dch i mu, ghi th tch SCN-

dng :Ln Th tch s dng (mL)1 5.32 5.23 5.1


AgClClAg

AgSCNSCNAg

23

SCNFeSCNFe


VVCVC

CVCVCVCX

RR

XRRXX

RRRR

''

''

Ta c bng s liu sau:

STTTh tchdung dch

Br-

Th tchdung dchAgNO3

Nng dung dchAgNO3

Th tchdung dch

SCN-

Nng dung dch

SCN-

Nng dung dch

Br-

1 5.00 mL 10.00 mL 0.0100 M 5.30 mL 0.0100 M 0.0094 M2 5.00 mL 10.00 mL 0.0100 M 5.20 mL 0.0100 M 0.0096 M

3 5.00 mL 10.00 mL 0.0100 M 5.10 mL 0.0100 M 0.0098 M

Tb 5.00 mL 10.00 mL 0.0100 M 5.20 mL 0.0100 M 0.0096 M

Documents

Bao Cao Thuc Tap Hoa Phan Tich 1986 7201