BaoCaoDoAn1

Bo Co n 1

Tm Hiu Vi iu Khin HCS12

Mc LcChng 1 : Gii thiu v Vi iu khin MC9S12DP512 1.1 Gii thiu chung 1.1.1 Cc thnh phn c bn ca b x l 1.1.2 Cc ch hot ng 1.2 Vi iu khin MC9S12DP512 1.2.1 Cc Port xut nhp a dng 1.2.2 Khi chc nng thi gian 1.2.2.1 B m 16-bit 1.2.2.2 Chc nng so snh ng ra v bt gi ng vo 1.2.2.3 B m xung 1.2.3 B iu rng xung

Chng 2: Quy trnh thc hin mch 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Gii thiu v phn mm orcad Bn v Capture Bn v Layout Mch thc t

Ti Liu Tham Kho Li Cm n

Page 1 of 25 GVHD: L Ngc nh & Nguyn Gia Minh Tho SVTH: L c Hnh & L Hong Sang

Bo Co n 1


Chng 1 : Gii thiu v Vi iu khin HCS12 1.1 Gii thiu chung :Ho vi ieu khien 68HC12 c hang Motorola cho ra i vao nam 1996 da tren ho vi ieu khien 68HC11. Nam 200, hang Motorola tiep tuc phat trien ho vi ieu khien 68HC12 len thanh ho vi ieu khien mi, o la HCS12 vi : toc o x ly nhanh hn, dung lng bo nh c m rong va tch hp them nhieu chc nang chuyen dung . Nam 2004, bo phan san xuat linh kien ban dan cua hang Motorola tach ra thanh mot cong ty oc lap, lay ten la FreeScale Semiconductor va tr thanh nha san xuat cho tat ca cac ho vi ieu khien cua Motorola.

Hnh 1.1: S o phat trien cua vi ieu khien hang Motorola-FreeScale Ho vi ieu khien HCS12 co cac ac iem chnh nh sau :

La ho vi ieu khien 16-bit co toc o x ly nhanh, tan so xung nhp bus noi co the len en 32 Mhz , va co tch hp Vong khoa pha-thng hay goi la bo PLL

Che tao theo cong nhe HCMOS nen co o on nh va o ben cao . c nang cap t ho vi ieu khien 68HC11/68HC12 va khong co s thay oi nao ve to chc cac thanh ghi x ly so vi 68HC11/68HC12 nen cac oan chng trnhPage 2 of 25

GVHD: L Ngc nh & Nguyn Gia Minh Tho

SVTH: L c Hnh & L Hong Sang

Bo Co n 1


viet bang hp ng s dung cho 68HC11/68HC12 eu co the s dung lai c vi HCS12 . Cac loai bo nh ben trong gom co: RAM , EEPROM , Flash . Dung lng bo nh ln, ac biet la bo nh Flash va co kha nang m rong bo nh ngoai.

Tch hp nhieu chc nang thi gian nh: Bat gi ngo vao , so sanh ngo ra, bo em xung va s kien cong, bo ieu rong xung PWM, ngat thi gian thc, Watchdog

Co cac mo-un truyen thong noi tiep nh : Giao tiep bat ong bo (SCI ), giao tiep ong bo ( SPI ), IIC.

Tch hp che o Debug chay nen ,ch can s dung 1 day tn hieu duy nhat (goi tat la BDM)

Co cac che o hoat ong e tiet kiem nang lng Co 1 en 2 bo chuyen oi tn hieu tng t sang tn hieu so,o phan giai 10-bit, co 8 en 16 kenh ( channel )

Ho tr tap lenh logic M khi viet chng trnh bang hp ng. Nhieu Port xuat nhap a dung : Port A, Port B , Port K, Port J, Port H, Port M, Port S

Ngoai ra, tuy theo ng dung ,moi dong chuyen dung trong ho HCS12 se tch hp them cac mo-un chc nang chuyen dung nh: USB, CAN, BDLC, Ethernet, ieu khien LCD, ieu khien Motor

o Dong HCS12A : Danh cho nhng ng dung thong thng o Dong HCS12B hay C : Co tch hp them 1 bo giao tiep CAN , nhng laikhong co giao tiep IIC , gia thap

o Dong HCS12D : Tch hp ay u cac chc nang thong dung ,va co themgiao tiep CAN, BDLC . Co nhieu chan Xuat/Nhap va chc nang ve thi gian ve thi gian nhat.

o Dong HCS12NE : Tch hp bo bien oi tn hieu so sang tn hieu tng tben trong ( DAC) va co them giao tiep Ethernet

o Dong HCS12H : Tch hp mo-un ieu khien LCD , ieu khien cau H theophng phap PWM vi dong cao, phu hp cho ieu khien ong c. Co giaoPage 3 of 25 GVHD: L Ngc nh & Nguyn Gia Minh Tho SVTH: L c Hnh & L Hong Sang

Bo Co n 1


tiep CAN

o Dong HCS12L : Tch hp mo-un ieu khien LCD c ln (LCD 4x60), giaotiep USB, tch hp them khoi chc nang DMA

o Dong HCS12UF: Giao tiep USB, co mo-un giao tiep vi cac loai the nhngoai. Tch hp chuan giao tiep ATA ,phu hp cho cac ng dung ve giai tr.

1.1.1 Cac thanh phan c ban cua bo x ly Cac thanh ghi x ly: Cac thanh ghi x ly cua HCS12 hoan toan giong vi cac thanh ghi x ly cua ho vi ieu khien 68HC11/68HC12.

Hnh 1.2: Cc thanh ghi x l

Thanh ghi tch luy A: La thanh ghi tch luy 8 bit ,tat ca cac phep toan cua ALU eu co the thc hien tren d lieu trong thanh ghi nay. Mot so thao tac ac biet ch co the thc hien tren thanh ghi nay, no c s dung vi ten la A hay AccA

Thanh ghi tch luy B: La thanh ghi tch luy 8 bit ,chc nang giong thanh ghi A. Nhng co mot so thao tac ac biet ch co the thc hien tren thanh ghi A, ma khong the thc hien tren thanh ghi B. No c s dung vi ten la B hay AccB.Page 4 of 25



Bo Co n 1


Thanh ghi tch luy D (A:B): Thanh ghi tch luy 16 bit ,la s ket hp cua thanh ghi A va B, khong phai la thanh ghi rieng biet . c s dung vi ten D hay AccD.

Thanh ghi con tro X: La thanh ghi a ch 16-bit , s dung trong che o nh a ch so. No cung co the s dung nh thanh ghi d lieu 16-bit, c s dung vi ten la X hay IX.

Thanh ghi con tro Y: Chc nang giong nh thanh ghi X , c s dungvi ten la Y hay IY.

Thanh ghi ngan xep con tro SP (Stack Pointer) : La thanh ghi 16-bit, cha a ch cua o nh kha dung tiep theo trong ngan xep .c s dung vi ten la SP.

Thanh ghi Bo em chng trnh PC (Program Counter): La thanh ghi 16-bit, cha a ch cua lenh ke tiep. c s dung vi ten la PC.

Thanh ghi ieu kien CCR (Condition Code Register) : La thanh ghi 8-bit trang thai va ieu khien. c s dung vi ten la CCR.

1.1.2 : Cac che o hoat ong: c ieu khien bi trang thai cua 3 chan: MODA , MODB va MODC (BKGD)

Hnh 1.3 : Cc ch hot ng Page 5 of 25 GVHD: L Ngc nh & Nguyn Gia Minh Tho SVTH: L c Hnh & L Hong Sang

Bo Co n 1


Trong 8 che o hoat ong tren, th 3 che o hoat ong: n chip bnh thng , M rong mc o nho , M rong mc o ln la cac che o hoat ong quan trong va thng c s dung nhat.1.2 : Vi iu khin MC9S12DP512

Hnh 1.4: S chn, 112 chn kiu LQFP

MC9S12DP512, thuoc dong D cua ho HCS12 la dong c phat trien cho cac ng dung trong lnh vc thuoc cong nghe oto va trong cong nghiep.

c ong goi theo kieu chan LQFP co 112 chan , tam nhiet o la: -40 -:-150 o C Tan so xung nhp bus noi toi a la 32 Mhz , co tch hp bo PLL Bo nh: 14 KB bo nh RAM ; 4 KB bo nh EEPROM ; 512 KB bo nh FLASH 2 bo giao tiep noi tiep bat ong bo ( SCI), 3 bo giao tiep noi tiep ong bo ( SPI ),1 bo IICPage 6 of 25



Bo Co n 1


5 bo CAN , ho tr ca 2 chuan V2.0A va V2.0B; 1 bo giao tiep BDLC ( theo chuan J1850 )

8 kenh chc nang thi gian nh: Bat gi ngo vao , so sanh ngo ra , em xung-s kien cong , ngat thi gian thc , WatchDog

2 bo ADC -16 kenh , o phan giai10-bit ; 8 kenh trong mo-un ieu rong xung (PWM)

4 Port xuat nhap so ( tong cong 29 chan) : Port A, Port B , Port K , Port E 20 chan co chc nang tao ngat e nhan biet phm nhan ( Key-WakeUp)

1.2.1 : Cac Port xuat nhap a dung

MC9S12DP512 co tat ca la 12 port xuat nhap : Port A , Port B , Port D , Port E, Port H, Port J , Port K , Port M , Port S, Port P , Port T

Tat ca cac Port ngoai chc nang xuat nhap bnh thng, con co them cac chc nang khac cua vi ieu khien nh:

o Port A , Port B : con co chc nang ket hp vi nhau e lam bus a ch , vatruyen d lieu song song 16-bit trong che o m rong.

o Port H : con la chan giao tiep cua cac mo-un khac nh SPI , tao ngat tphm nhan

o Port P: Con la cac chan ieu rong xung , tao ngat t phm nhan o Port J : cac chan giao tiep IIC ,va tao ngat t phm nhan oPort M : la cac chan giao tiep CAN , BDLC

o Port S: La cac chan giao tiep SCI va SPI o oPort T: La cac chan trong khoi chc nang thi gian Port K: La cac chan dung e chon cac trang b nh trong vung bo nh Flash

o Port D0 , D1: La cac chan ngo vao tng t cua 2 bo bien oi ADC oPort E: con la cac chan ieu khien cho he thong


Bo Co n 1


Hnh 1.5 : S khi ca MC9S12D512

Moi Port se co nhieu thanh ghi ieu khien , e quyet nh chc nang hoat ong cua Port: la xuat nhap song song hay thc hien chc nang rieng. Va khi a chon hoat ong chc nang rieng th khong phai la cac port xuat nhap song song na.

Ten cua cac thanh ghi ieu khien chc nang xuat nhap cua cac Port thng bat au bang t DDR , t cuoi cung la viet tat ten cua port.

Cac thanh ghi cha d lieu cho cac port khi co chc nang xuat nhap se co ten la: PT

vi ten viet tat cua port o.

V du nh: PTA ( PortA ) , PTH ( Port H) , PTK ( Port K ) , PTP ( Port P ) . Port A ,Port B :

o

Trong che o m rong ( expanded mode ) , Port A ong vai tro la byte cao cua a ch / data 16-bit : A15/D15A8/D

o Trong che o m rong ( expanded mode ) , Port A ong vai tro la byte caocua a ch / data 16-bit : A7/D7A0/D0Page 8 of 25 GVHD: L Ngc nh & Nguyn Gia Minh Tho SVTH: L c Hnh & L Hong Sang

Bo Co n 1


o Trong che o n chip ( Single chip mode ) , Port A va Port B ch la cacport xuat nhap 8-bit bnh thng

Port E :

o Port E thng c dung e ieu khien bus , chon bo dao ong thac anh ,phuc vu ngat ngoai , chon che o hoat ong cho vi ieu khien.

o Khi khong dung Port E cho cac chc nang ieu khien , ta cung co the sdung nh mot port xuat nhap bnh thng . Hai hai thanh ghi cho chc nang xuat nhap la DDRE ( thanh ghi ieu khien ) va PTE ( thanh ghi d lieu )

Hnh 1.6: Port E

o Chan PE0 : Bnh thng ch la chan nhap, ngoai ra con la chan ngo vaoyeu cau ngat khong che c ( /XIRQ ) .

o Chan PE1: Bnh thng ch la chan nhap, ngoai ra con la chan ngo vao yeucau ngat che c ( /IRQ ) .

o Chan PE2: Bnh thng ch la chan nhap, ngoai ra khi vi ieu khien cheo m rong con la chan tao tn hieu oc/Viet ( Read/Write ).

o Chan PE3: Bnh thng la chan xuat nhap, ngoai ra khi vi ieu khien che o m rong th tr thanh chan tao tn hieu byte-thap cua kieu truy cap bus (/LSTRB ).

o Chan PE4: Bnh thng la chan xuat nhap, ngoai ra con la chan ieukhien xung nhp bus noi ELCK.

o Chan PE5: Bnh thng la chan xuat nhap, ngoai ra con la chan dung ePage 9 of 25 GVHD: L Ngc nh & Nguyn Gia Minh Tho SVTH: L c Hnh & L Hong Sang

Bo Co n 1


chon che o hoat ong cho vi ieu khien moi khi co tn hieu Reset.

o Chan PE5: Bnh thng la chan xuat nhap, ngoai ra con la chan dung echon che o hoat ong ( MODA ) cho vi ieu khien moi khi co tn hieu Reset.

o Chan PE6: Bnh thng la chan xuat nhap, ngoai ra con la chan dung echon che o hoat ong ( MODB ) cho vi ieu khien moi khi co tn hieu Reset.

o Chan PE7: - Bnh thng la chan xuat nhap Trong che o m rong , tn hieu NOACC neu tch cc (enable) th vi ieu khien se dung bus , con neu khong tch cc ( disable) th vi ieu khien se khong dung bus nay.

Con chc nang /XCLKS : khi o la chan nhap , dung e thiet lap bo dao ong thach anh cho he thong t 2 kieu dao ong : Dao ong noi kieu Colpitts hay kieu Pierce/ dao ong ngoai.

Khi PE7 = 1 : Se chon bo dao ong kieu Colpitts

Hnh 1.7a: Kieu dao ong Colpitts

Khi PE7 = 0 : Se chon bo dao ong kieu Pierce hoc co the dung e chon xung clock ben ngoai

Hnh 1.7b: Kieu Pierce

Hnh 1.7c: Kieu lay dao ong clock ngoai


Bo Co n 1


1.2.2 : Khoi chc nang thi gian ( Timer ) He thong chc nang thi gian cua vi ieu khien MC9S12DP512 la s tong hp ay u cacchc nang ve thi gian cua ho vi ieu khien HCS12 , gom cac chc nang chnh nh sau:

Ket noi vi 8 chan cua Port T , moi chan cua Port T la 1 kenh trong bo Timer 8 kenh chung cho 2 chc nang :Bat gi ngo vao ( Input Capture ) , So sanh ngo ra( Output Compare). Va gia cac kenh chc nang bat gi ngo vao vi nhau se co 1 thanh ghi em 16-bit.

Mot bo em 16-bit ,va ho tr bo chia ty le 4-bit ( prescaler ) bo em xung 16-bit: Pulse Accumulator A , B ; co the tach ra thanh 4 bo em xung 8-bit

4 bo tao tre (delay) , co the chon bi ngi dung : e tang o triet nhieu cho cac ngo vao

1.2.2.1 : Bo em 16-bit Thanh ghi em thi gian 16 bit : TCNT ( Timer Counter Register)

Hnh 1.8: Thanh ghi em thi gian 16-bit TCNT ( Timer Counter Register )

Co 3 thanh ghi ieu khien va trang thai lien quan en TCNTo

Thanh ghi ieu khien he thong thi gian 1: TSCR1 ( Timer System Control Register 1 )

Hnh 1.9: Thanh ghi ieu khien he thong thi gian 1- TSCR1

TEN (Timer enable) : Bit khi ong chc nang thi gian 0 - Tat mo-un chc nang thi gian ; 1 Khi ong mo-un chc nang thi gian TSWAI (Timer stop while in wait mode) : Bit thiet lap cho Timer khi vi ieu khien che o ch ( Wait mode )Page 11 of 25



Bo Co n 1


0 Cho phep Timer c tiep tuc chay ngay ca khi vi ieu khien che o Ch

1 - Tat Timer khi vi ieu khien che o Ch ( Wait mode) TSFRZ ( Timer stop while in freeze mode ): Bit thiet lap cho Timer khi vi ieu khien che o ong bang ( GIA NGH: Pseudo Stop ) 0 - Cho phep Timer c tiep tuc chay khi vi ieu khien che o ong bang 1 - Tat Timer khi vi ieu khien che o ong bang (freeze

mode) TFFCA ( Timer fast flag clear all ) : Bit thiet lap che o xoa cac c trang thai cua he thong thi gian (Timer) 0 Xoa cac c trang thai bang che o bnh thng 1 Xoa cac c trang thai cua cac thanh ghi trang thai bang cach so sanh cac gia tr kenh chc nang lien quan

o Thanh ghi ieu khien he thong thi gian 2: TSCR2 (Timer System ControlRegister 2)

Hnh 1.10 Thanh ghi ieu khien he thong thi gian 2- TSCR2 TOI ( Timer Over Flow Interrupt enable ): Bit cho phep ngat khi Timer b tran 0 - Khong cho phep ngat khi Timer tran 1 Cho phep ngat khi bit c bao tran TOF ( Timer Overflow Flag) co gia tr 1 TCRE: ( Timer counter reset enable ) : Bit cho phep khi ong lai bo em 0 Bo em khong t ong reset va Timer chay t do ,khong kiem soat c 1 Timer se reset khi moi lan chc nang so sanh ngo ra th 7 thanh cong PR[2:0] ( PreScale ) : Bo chia ty le tan so xung nhp 3-bit , tao ra xung nhp cho bo em thi gian t tan so xung nhp bus noi.Page 12 of 25 GVHD: L Ngc nh & Nguyn Gia Minh Tho SVTH: L c Hnh & L Hong Sang

Bo Co n 1


Hnh 1.11: Thanh ghi c bao ngat Timer 2- TFLG2 Chu y: Bit c bao tran TOF (bit 7) se len gia tr 1 moi khi bo em thi gian tran ( gia tr cua thanh ghi TCNT a em u t $FFFF $0000 )

o V du: He thong co tan so xung nhp noi la 8 Mhz , bo chia ty le (Prescale) la 1:1 , th khoang thi gian cho moi lan Timer tran se la : 64K x (1 : 8 Mhz ) = 8.192 ms oan chng trnh khi ong bo em Timer ,va cho phep Ngat khi Timer tran.

void Timer_Init(void){ TSCR1 = 0x80; // Cho phep bo em TCNT hoat ong TSCR2 = 0x80; // Cho phep ngat khi Timer tran , bo chia ty le 1:1 PACTL = 0; //

TFLG2 = 0x80; // Xoa c bao ngat }

1.2.2.2 : Chc nang So sanh ngo ra va Bat gi ngo vao: ( Output Compare Input Capture)

V 2 chc nang nay nam chung tren moi chan cua Port T ,nen se co cac thanh ghi ieu khien dung e la chon chc nang nao se c s dung . ay ta ch trnh bay cac thanh ghi quan trong cua 2 chc nang nay

Thanh ghi chon chc nang : TIOS ( Timer Input Capture/Output Compare Select) Thanh ghi TCn ( Timer Input Capture/Output Compare Register ) : 16-bit Chc nang: Khi kenh co chc nang So sanh ngo ra (OC) , gia tr trong thanh ghi TCn se dung e so sanh vi gia tr trong thanh ghi bo em TCNT , neu gia tr bang: se tao ngatPage 13 of 25



Bo Co n 1


Hai thanh ghi TCTL3 va TCTL4 : Ch dung cho chc nang bat gi ngo vao (IC). Thanh ghi nay khi s dung chc nang gi ngo vao ,va qui nh cach bat gi tn hieu xung vao cua tng kenh ,da vao gia tr cua cap bit EDGnB EDGnA ( n co tr 0:7 )

EDGnB EDGnA 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 : Che o bat gi xung b cam : Ch phat hien khi xung len ( t mc 0 1) : Ch phat hien khi xung xuong (t mc 1 0) : Phat hien ca 2 trng hp xung len va xuong

Thanh ghi c ngat Timer 1 : TFLG1 ( Timer Interrupt Flag 1 )

Hnh 1.12a: Thanh ghi TFLG1 ( Timer Interrupt Flag 1 ) Bit CnF se bao hieu co xay ra do chc nang So sanh ngo ra hay Bat gi ngo vao. Xoa bit nay bang cach ghi ra tr 1 , ghi gia tr 0 th khong gay anh hng

Thanh ghi cho phep cac loai ngat Timer: TIE ( Timer Interrupt Enable )

Hnh 1.12b: Thanh ghi cho phep cac loai ngat Timer TIE Bit CnF ( vi n la so th t cua kenh Timer ) Gia tr 0 / 1 : Cac ngat Timer eu b cam / Cac ngat Timer eu c cho phep 1.2.2.3. Bo em xung ( Pulse Accumulator )

Vi ieu khien MC9S12DP512 co 2 bo em xung 16-bit la : PACA (Pulse Accumulator A) -ket noi vi chan PT7 va PACB (Pulse Accumulator B) ket noi vi chan PT0

Bo em xung co 2 chc nang chnh: em s kien va che o Cong Hai bo em xung 16-bit nay , co the tach ra thanh 2 bo em xung 8-bit rieng bietPage 14 of 25



Bo Co n 1


o Bo em 16-bit PACA gom: PAC3 PAC2 (8-bit) o Bo em 16-bit PACB gom: PAC1 PAC0 ( 8-bit) Bo em xung PACA ( Pulse Accumulator A) Co 3 thanh ghi lien quan : PACTL( ieu khien ) , PAFLG( c ) ; PACN32 ( d lieu)

Hnh 1.13: Cac thanh ghi lien quan en bo em xung bit PAEN 0 / 1 : Bo em xung PACA khong c s dung / c s dung bit PAMOD 0 / 1 : Che o em s kien / Che o em thi gian Cong bit PEGDE 0 : em khi Xung xuong ( che o em xung) - Chon Mc cao ( che o CONG) 1 : em khi Xung len ( che o em xung) - Chon Mc thap ( che o CONG) bit PAOVI 0 / 1 : Ngat khi bo em xung PACA tran b cam / Cho phep Bit PAI 0/ 1 : Ngat khi co xung chan PT7 b cam / Cho phep Thanh ghi cha d lieu cua bo em xung PACA la thanh ghi 16-bit PAC32 : Cha gia tr so xung em c ( trong che o em s kien ) hay thi gian cua mc (trong che o CONG) Thanh ghi 16-bit PACN32 la do 2 thanh ghi 8-bit ghep lai : PACN3 va PACN2 V du: Khai bao cho bo em xung PACA ,che o em s kienPage 15 of 25 GVHD: L Ngc nh & Nguyn Gia Minh Tho SVTH: L c Hnh & L Hong Sang

Bo Co n 1


void Pulse_Acc_Init(void){ TIOS = TIOS & ~0x80 ; // Khi ong chc nang Input Capture cho chan PT7 TCTL1 = TCTL1 & ~0xC0 ; PACTL = 0x50 ; // Dung bo PACA ,che o em s kien , phat hien xung len PACN32 = 0 ; // Xoa gia tr trong bo em }

Bo em xung PACB ( Pulse Accumulator B) :

o Ch co chc nang em s kien ,ma khong co chc nang em thi gian cong o Co cac thanh ghi lien quan: PBCTL (ieu khien) , PBFLG (c) , PACN10(d lieu)

o Cach khai bao va s dung tng t nh bo em xung PACA

1.2.3 Bo ieu rong xung ( PWM : Pulse Width Modulation )

Gii thieu:

o Vi ieu khien MC9S12DP512 co 8 kenh 8-bit PWM , c ket noi vi PortPoHai kenh 8-bit PWM ke nhau co the ket hp tao thanh mot kenh 16-bit . Nen se co toi a 4 kenh 16-bit PWM. ay ta ch trnh bay ve che o ieu rong

xung 8-bit .

o Co tong cong 32 thanh ghi dung e thiet lap thong so cho 8 kenh PWM.Trnh t thiet lap cho bo PWM:

Tao tan so dao ong cho bo PWM:

o

Viec chon nguon dao ong cho bo PWM la phu thuoc vao gia tr thanh ghi PWMCLK : Co cac nguon dao ong la: Clock A , Clock SA , Clock B , Clock SBPage 16 of 25



Bo Co n 1


o

Gia tr cua nguon dao ong Clock SA se c tao ra bang cach : Lay gia tr Clock A chia cho gia tr trong thanh ghi PWMSCLA , sau o lay ket qua chia tiep cho 2

o Gia tr cua nguon dao ong Clock SB se c tao ra bang cach : Lay gia trClock B chia cho gia tr trong thanh ghi PWMSCLB , sau o lay ket qua chia tiep cho 2

Hnh 1.14 a: Thanh ghi PWMCLK

o PCLKx : Dung cho cac kenh PWMx ( x = 7 , 6 , 3 , 2)0 / 1 : Nguon dao ong la Clock B / Clock SB

o PCLKy : Dung cho cac kenh PWMy ( y = 5 , 4 , 1 , 0)0 / 1 : Nguon dao ong la Clock A / Clock SA Gia tr Ty le chia ty le ( Prescaler ) se theo gia tr trong thanh ghi PWMPRCLK

Chon cac thuoc tnh cua xung vuong can tao , cho phep cac kenh PWM hoat ong:

o Chu ky cua xung , c chon bi gia tr cua thanh ghi : PWMPERn khi sosanh vi gia tr trong bo em PWMCNTn

o Duty_Cycle cua xung , c chon bi gia tr cua thanh ghi : PWMDTYn khiso sanh vi gia tr trong bo em PWMCNTn ( n : la th t cua kenh PWM , gia tr t [ 0:7 ] )

o Thanh ghi PWMPOL dung e chon kieu u tien Mc cua xung ra ( mcCao hay Thap)

Hnh 1.14 b: Thanh ghi PWMPOL Bit PPOLn ( n = [ 0:7 ] ) co tr : 0 / 1 : Xung ra se bat au bang mc Thap (mc 0) / bat au bang mc Cao(mc 1)Page 17 of 25 GVHD: L Ngc nh & Nguyn Gia Minh Tho SVTH: L c Hnh & L Hong Sang

Bo Co n 1


- Thanh ghi cho phep bo PWM hoat ong: PWME

Hnh 1.15: Thanh ghi PWME Gia tr cua bit PWMEn ( n = [ 0:7 ] ) : 0/ 1 : Kenh PWMn b cam hoat ong / Kenh PWMn hoat ong

Chon chuan canh (Alignment ) cho xung ra , co 2 chuan: Canh theo ben trai (leftaligned) , va Canh theo chnh gia(center-aligned ). Va thanh ghi dung e chon la: PWMCAE

Hnh 1.16: Thanh ghi PWMCAE Gia tr cua bit CAEn ( n = [ 0:7 ] ) : 0 / 1 : Kenh PWMn co xung theo chuan left-aligned / center-aligned - Canh theo ben trai (left-aligned) :

Hnh 1.17: Kieu xung canh ben trai ( left-aligned) Luc o ,ta co cac cong thc lien quan: + PWMn frequency = Clock(A, B, SA, SB frequency) PWMPERn + Polarity = 0 : PWMn duty cycle = [(PWMPERn PWMDTYn) PWMPERn] 100% + Polarity = 1 : PWMn duty cycle = [PWMDTYn PWMPERn] 100% - Canh theo chnh gia (center-aligned ) :


Bo Co n 1


Hnh 1.18: Kieu xung canh theo chnh gia ( center -aligned) Luc o ,ta co cac cong thc lien quan: + PWMn frequency = Clock (A, B, SA, or SB) frequency (2 PWMPERn) + polarity = 0: PWMn duty cycle = [(PWMPERn PWMDTYn) PWMPERn] 100% + polarity = 1: PWMn duty cycle = [PWMDTYn PWMPERn] 100% V du : Chng trnh s dung kenh PWM0 , tao xung vuong 10 Khz , duty_cycle = 40% /* period (chu_ky) = PWMPER0 * 2^(PCKA+1) * PWMSCLA (Khi : PWMCLK = 1) S dung bo PLL --> Bus-Clock la 24Mhz */ void PWM_Init(void){ PWMCTL = PWMCTL & ~0xF0 ; PWMPRCLK = PWMPRCLK & ~0x07 ; // PCKA = 0 PWMCLK = PWMCLK | 0x01 ; PWMPOL = PWMPOL | 0x01 ; PWMSCLA = 6 ; // s dung PWMSCLA // Chon bat au xua xung la mc cao

// 10KHz of Square_Wave

PWMCAE = PWMCAE & ~0x01 ; // Chuan canh theo ben trai ( Leftaligned) PWMPER0 = 200 ; // Period = 200 : la mc so sanh vi PWMCNT0

PWME = PWME | 0x01 ; // Cho phep kenh PWM0 hoat ong PWMDTY0 = 50 ; }Page 19 of 25 GVHD: L Ngc nh & Nguyn Gia Minh Tho SVTH: L c Hnh & L Hong Sang

// Hi_duty = 50: 200 = 40%

Bo Co n 1


Chng 2: Quy trnh thc hin mch 2.1: Gii thiu v phn mm Orcad Orcad l mt cng c thit k mch in t n gin v ph bin. Cng c rt nhiu phn mm thit k mch in t khc, tuy nhin, chng em chn s dng phn mm ny, v b cng c ny c nh gi l kh mnh. Nhc im ln nht l phn mm Orcad khng cung cp min ph, nhc im th hai l b phn mm Orcad h tr qu nhiu, v vy n kh nng. Tuy vy, cc th vin linh kin ca Orcad c th coi l mnh nht cho n nay, v hu ht cc nh sn xut linh kin in t u cung cp cc addin th vin linh kin cho Orcad. Orcad c 2 cng c thit k mch chnh l Capture v Layout. Capture dng v mch nguyn l v Layout dng chuyn mch nguyn l sang mch in.


Bo Co n 1


2.2: Bn v Capture


Bo Co n 1


2.3: Bn v Layout:


Bo Co n 1


2.4: Mch thc t


Bo Co n 1


Ti Liu Tham Kho 1. Lun vn tt nghip ca Thy Nguyn Gia Minh Tho 2. MOTOROLA . Datasheet 9S12DP512 3. H Trung M . Vi X L . Nh xut bn i hc Quc Gia 4. Cc ti liu t internet, t din n www.dientuvietnam.net v tham kho n, lun vn ca cc anh ch nm trn


Bo Co n 1


Li cm nKnh gi thy L Ngc nh v thy Nguyn Gia Minh Tho. Nhm chng em l L c Hnh v L Hong Sang, sinh vin nm 4, khoa in- in T , i Hc Bch Khoa Tp.HCM

Hc k ny nhm chng em rt vinh d c thc hin ti ca n mn hc I di s hng dn tn tnh ca hai thy. Chnh s hng dn tn tnh gip nhm chng em hon thnh n, t c nhng yu cu c bn m ti ra. V qua chng em hc hi, tip cn c nhiu vn thc t hn. Nhm chng em xin chn thnh cm n hai thy.

Nhm sinh vin thc hin L c Hnh L Hong Sang


Documents

BaoCaoDoAn1