Congestion Management

CityofToronto

CongestionManagementPlan

20142018

OCTOBER 2013

Thisreportwaspreparedin2013byDelcanandLuraConsultingfortheCityofTorontoTransportationDivision.

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TABLEOFCONTENTSTheNeedforCongestionManagement..........................................................................................1TheCityofTorontoCongestionManagementPlan20142018........................................................1DevelopingthePlan...........................................................................................................................2OrganizationofthisReport................................................................................................................2

VisionforManagingCongestion....................................................................................................3CongestionManagementGoals.....................................................................................................3RecommendedProjectsandActivities...........................................................................................4A. IntelligentTransportationSystems............................................................................................5B. CongestionandEngineeringStudies..........................................................................................6C. IncidentandEventResponse.....................................................................................................7D. ConstructionCoordination.........................................................................................................8E. CurbsideManagement...............................................................................................................9F. SupportofAllModesofTransportation..................................................................................10G. TravellerInformation................................................................................................................11H. TrafficOperationsCentre.........................................................................................................12

ImplementingthePlan................................................................................................................13CapitalandOperatingCosts............................................................................................................13ImplementationSchedule................................................................................................................13ResourceRequirements...................................................................................................................13MonitoringandEvaluation..............................................................................................................13

AppendixA:RecommendedProjectsandActivitiesByGoal........................................................14AppendixB:ProgramCostEstimatesSummary...........................................................................16AppendixC:ProposedImplementationSchedule........................................................................18ListofAbbreviationsCCTV ClosedCircuitTelevisionDVP DonValleyParkwayHOV HighOccupancyVehicleITS IntelligentTransportationSystemsMTO MinistryofTransportationOntarioTOC TrafficOperationsCentreTTC TorontoTransitCommissionVMS VariableMessageSignVMT VehicleMilesTravelled

RoadTypesintheCityofTorontoExpresswayroutesdesignedforhighspeedtraffic,withregulatedentryandexitpoints.E.g.AllenExpresswayandDonValleyParkway.ArterialRoadshighcapacitythoroughfaresthatdelivertrafficfromconnectinglocalroadstoexpressways.E.g.YongeStreet,BayviewAvenue.LocalRoadssmallerroadswithlessvehicletraffic,commontolocalneighbourhoods.

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THENEEDFORCONGESTIONMANAGEMENTTraveldemandcontinuestoriseintheCityofTorontoasthepopulationincreasesandoureconomygrows.Newroadinfrastructureisnotabletokeepupwiththisincreaseintraveldemandinfactitisimpracticaltobuildenoughroadsandinfrastructuretocomfortablyaccommodatethisdemand.Theresultingsituationwheretraveldemandexceedsthecapacityofthetransportationnetworkistrafficcongestion.Eachareaofthecityhasdifferentfactorsthatcontributetotrafficcongestion.Roadsinoneareamaybeaffectedbyissuesrelatedtoparkingandstoppingorconstructionworkzones;othersbyinfrastructurebottlenecksthatdecreaseroadcapacity;andstillothersbytrafficsignalsthatcouldbebettercoordinatedwithexistingtrafficflow.Trafficinallpartsofthecitycanbeaffectedbypoorweatherconditions,specialevents,unexpectedcollisionsandothertrafficincidents.Theimpactofthiscongestionissignificant.Estimatesfrom2006fortheGreaterTorontoandHamiltonArea(GTHA)suggestthatcongestioncostcommutersasmuchas$3.3billionannuallyintermsofdelayandincreasedvehicleoperatingcosts,whilethecosttothelocaleconomywasanadditional$2.7billionduetolosteconomicoutputandaccompanyingjobloss.1TothetypicalcommuterintheGTHAthistranslatestoanaverageof81hoursofdelayeachyear,whichreflectsadelayof33minutesforeveryhourdriveninthepeakperiod.21 CostsofRoadCongestionintheGTHA(GreaterTorontoandHamiltonArea),Metrolinx,December2008.2TomTomNorthAmericanCongestionIndex,TomTomInternational,2013.

TheCityofTorontoCongestionManagementPlan20142018TheCityofTorontohasbeenengagedinmanyactivitiestomanagetrafficcongestiontobenefittravellers,businesses,andtheenvironment.TheTorontoCongestionManagementPlanbuildsonthesesuccessesandactivities,byprovidinganobjectivesdriven,performancebasedapproachtomanagingcongestion.Theactivitiesrecommendedforthenext5yearsemphasize: Takingamoreproactiveapproachto

trafficmanagementonarterialroads,complementingcurrenttrafficmanagementactivitiesonCityexpressways;

Applyingevolvingtechnologytotrafficandcongestionmanagement,fromwirelesscommunicationtoadvancedsensorstosocialmedia;

ProvidingatoolkitfromwhichactivitiescanbechosenandappliedtotheuniqueroadcontextsaroundToronto;and

Strengtheningpartnershipsandinformationsharing,toimproveefficiencyandcoordinationoftheCitystransportationnetwork.

RecurringCongestion= trafficcongestionseenregularlyduringpeaktrafficperiods,whentraveldemandishigh(e.g.morningandafternooncommutes).NonRecurringCongestion=congestionthatoccurswhensomethingunusualandunexpectedhappenstoreduceavailableroadcapacity(e.g.weather,construction).

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BenefitsofManagingTrafficCongestion

DevelopingthePlanTheCityofTorontoCongestionManagementPlanwasdevelopedovera6monthperiodin2013.Itinvolvedseveralsteps,including:athoroughreviewofexistingactivitiesandprojectsrelatedtotrafficmanagementcongestion;researchontrendsandbestpracticesinotherjurisdictionsinNorthAmericathroughliteraturereviewsandtelephoneinterviews;developmentofavision,goals,andobjectivesforthePlan;andtheselectionandrefinementofrecommendedprojectsandactivities.StafffromtheCityofTorontosTrafficManagementCentreandRegionaltrafficcontrolcentreswereinvolvedthroughoutthedevelopmentofthePlanthroughregularmeetings,workshops,andoneononeconsultation.ThisPlanshouldbeseenasonecomponentoftheCityofTorontosoverallTransportationPlanningProcess;onethatfocusesprimarily

onoperationalactivities.OtherstrategiesformanagingtrafficcongestionareincludedinotherCityofTorontoplansandstrategicdocuments,includingdemandmanagement,suchasencouragingallmodesoftransportationandactivetransportation,andtransportationnetworkinfrastructureimprovements.OrganizationofthisReportThisReportprovidesageneraloverviewoftheCityofTorontoCongestionManagementPlan.ItdescribestherecommendedprojectsandactivitiesundereachofeightTechnicalElements,includinghowtheseactivitieswillcontributetomanagingtrafficcongestion.Furtherdetailedtechnicalinformationabouttheseprojects(includingabreakdownoftasksandbudgetforeachproject/activityoverthe5yearperiod)canbefoundintheCongestionManagementPlanTechnicalReport.

Lowercollisionratesandcollisionseverity

Fewertrafficviolations

ImprovedpersonalsafetyandsecuritySafety

Betterandmorereliabletraveltime

Lessvehicledelayandstops

Lowertransitwaittimes/improvedservicefrequencyMobility

Increaseincapacityandthroughputforallroadusers

Efficiency

Loweroperatingcosts

Productivity

Fuelsavings Emissionsreductions

Energy&Environment

Lessfrustration Moresatisfiedpublic

CustomerSatisfaction

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VISIONFORMANAGINGCONGESTIONTheCityofTorontoCongestionManagementPlanpaysspecialattentiontotheneedsofalltravellerspedestrians,cyclists,publictransitusersaswellasgoodsmovementandemergencyservices.TheoverallvisionofthePlanis:

Throughinnovationandtechnologymaximizetheefficiency,safety,reliabilityandsustainabilityofthetransportationnetworkforallusers

whilereducingtheimpactontheenvironment.

CONGESTIONMANAGEMENTGOALSTheVisionofthePlanissupportedbythefollowinggoalsandmeasurableobjectives:

GOALS OBJECTIVES1. Maximizethetransportation

systemefficiencyandreliability

Increasethroughput Reducedelays Reducetraveltimevariability Reducevehicleoperationalcosts

2. Improvethesafetyofthetransportationnetwork

Reducetrafficcollisions Reducecollisionseverity

3. ImprovetheCityofTorontosabilitytodetectandrespondtoincidents,eventsandchangingtrafficconditions

Reducedurationoftrafficincidents

andeventsthroughincreasingreductionsindetection,responseandclearancetimes

4. Improvetheavailabilityandreliabilityofinformationforthepublic

Reducetravellerfrustration Increaseuseofallmodesof

transportation5. Reducetheimpactof

transportationontheenvironment

Reducegreenhousegasemissions

(GHG) Increasedfuelsavings

AppendixAillustrateshoweachoftheactivitiesincludedintheCongestionManagementPlanaddressesoneormoreofthePlans5goals.

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RECOMMENDEDPROJECTSANDACTIVITIESRecommendationsformanagingtheCityofTorontostraffichavebeengroupedundereightstrategiesorTechnicalElements.Theeightstrategyareascomplementandintersectwithoneanother,andtogetherproduceacomprehensiveapproachtomanagingcongestion.Thefollowingpagesprovidemoreinformationoneachoftheeightstrategies,includingassociatedprojectsandactivities.

OverviewofRecommendedProjectsintheTorontoCongestionManagementPlan

A.IntelligentTransportationSystems

B.CongestionandEngineeringStudies

C.IncidentandEventResponse

D.ConstructionCoordination

A.1ReplacementofATMSSoftwareA.2EnhancedSignalControlModesA.3ArterialCCTVCamerasA.4ArterialNetworkMonitoringA.5UpdateandExpandCityCommunicationsNetworksA.6Replacementofhardware

B.1AuxiliarySignalTimingPlansB.2UpdateCorridorCoordinationStudiesB.3ActiveTrafficManagementFeasibilityStudyB.4IntegratedCorridorManagementFeasibilityStudy

C.1TrafficIncidentManagementTeamProceduresC.2ServicePatrolsC.3SteerItClearItSignageProgramC.4UniversalFireStationPreemption(Nonvehicle)

D.1SmartWorkZonesD.2LaneOccupancyPermitManagementD.3LaneOccupancyPermitReviewD.4WorkZonePerformanceManagementandMonitoring

E.CurbsideManagement

F.SupportofAllModesofTransportation

G.TravellerInformation

H.TrafficOperationsCentre(TOC)

E.1ParkingChargeReviewE.2DevelopParkingStrategiesE.3SmartPark

F.1TransitSignalPriorityF.2HOVBusLaneReviewF.3BicycleFacilitiesExpansionF.4CorridorRenewalforSustainableTransportation

G.1TravellerInformationStrategyG.2VMSsincludingDisplayofTravelTimesG.3EventDatabaseG.4CityWebsiteImprovementsG.5SocialMediaG.6MobileApps

H.1TrafficOperationsCentreImprovementsH.2CoordinationwithEmergencyServicesH.3CoordinationwithTransitH.4CoordinationwithExternalAgenciesH.5TOCOperationsCoordination

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A. IntelligentTransportationSystemsCommunicationtechnologyisbecomingincreasinglysophisticatedandrapid.IntelligentTransportationSystems(ITS)applytheseadvancestothemonitoringandmanagementoftransportationnetworks.TheCityofTorontohasalreadymadeextensiveprogressbuildinganITSsystem,includingtheCitysRESCUandSCOOTsystems.Themajorityofthissystemis20yearsoldandrequiresregularmaintenancetomaintainoperation.TherecommendedprojectsunderthiscategorywillcontinuetostrengthentheITSsystem,helpingtomanagetrafficcongestionby: Improvingmonitoringcapabilitiesto

improveresponsetimestounexpectedtrafficincidents(e.g.illegallaneoccupancy,congestion,collisions);

Improvingcoordinationoftrafficsignalswithtrafficflows;

Increasingtheamountandqualityoftrafficinformationforimprovedplanning,prioritizingandperformanceevaluation;

IncreasingtheefficiencyofcommunicationacrosstheCitysnetworkofcomputersandtrafficsignals;and,

Ensuringequipmentisinastateofgoodrepair.

RecommendedInitiativesA.1ReplacementofATMSSoftwareUpdatetheCitysexistingRESCUsystemthroughanewAdvancedTrafficManagementSystem,soastoenhancemonitoringandmanagementoftheCitysexpressways.Target:Deploymentbyendof2014.A.2EnhancedSignalControlModesUpdatetheCitysexistingSCOOTadaptivetrafficsignalmanagementsystemwheretrafficsignaltimingchangesbasedonactualtrafficdemand.ThiswillfollowrecommendationsoutlinedintheTrafficSignalAdaptiveControlReview.Inaddition,pilotafeatureoftheTransSuitecoordinationsystemthatusesrealtimedata,collectedfromsensorsintheroad,tocreatetrafficsignaltimingplans.Target:Enhancedsignalcontrolincreasedfrom18%to25%ofintersectionsby2018.A.3ArterialCCTVCamerasAddmoreclosedcircuitTVcameras(CCTVs)totheCitysarterialroadnetwork.Explorecostsavingopportunitieswithnewconstructionandnewdevelopments,suchasinstallingcamerasaspartofworkzonemonitoringordevelopmentpermits.Target:30camerasinstalledby2014;another40by2015,andanother30by2016.A.4ArterialNetworkMonitoringCollecttrafficflowdatatomonitorthenetworkfromvehicledetectors,fleetvehicles,orpurchaseofthirdpartydata.UsealgorithmstoidentifyunusualcasesoftrafficcongestioninrealtimewithalarmstonotifyTOCoperatorstotakefurtheraction.A.5UpdateandExpandtheCitysCommunicationsNetworksDevelopalongtermstrategyforthetrafficmanagementcommunicationsnetwork.Thisincludesaperformanceevaluationofrecentlyadoptedcellularwirelesstechnology,toensurereliabilityinemergencyconditions,andplansforastagedexpansionoftheCitysfibreopticnetwork.A.6ReplacementofHardwareImplementareplacementprogramofagingequipmenttoensuresystemisuptodateandefficient(e.g.CCTVcameras,messagesigns,etc.).

5YearCost PotentialBenefits$31,850,000 High

ExamplesofPotentialBenefitsDallasFortWorthsITSstrategyincludesCCTVcamerasandvehicledetectorstomonitortrafficconditions,andtrafficmanagementcentrestodetectincidentsandrespond.Theestimatedbenefitsofthefullsetofstrategiesincludeover68,000personhoursperdaylessspentonrecurringtrafficcongestion,over123,000personhourslessperdayfromfewerandshortertrafficincidents,anda30%increaseincapacity.

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B. CongestionandEngineeringStudiesThefocusofthisstrategyistokeeptheCityofTorontossignaltimingplanscurrentanditstrafficmanagementstrategiesuptodatewiththelatestintheindustry.Recommendedprojectsandactivitiesunderthisstrategywillhelpmanagetrafficcongestionby: ImprovingtheabilityofTrafficOperations

Centreoperatorstorespondeffectivelytochangingtrafficconditionswithprepreparedplans;

Maintainingcoordinationasnewtrafficsignalsandnewoperationalfeaturesareaddedtothenetwork;

Identifyingpracticalsolutionstokeyexpresswaycongestionandsafetyconcerns,throughadvancedtechnologies/systemsorapplyingcurrentsolutionsininnovativeways;and

Exploringintegratedapproachesthatlookatmultipletrafficcorridorsasonesystem,thusoptimizingflowacrossallcorridors.

ExamplesofPotentialBenefitsIn20122013,theCityofTorontosTrafficOperationsCentrelaunchedaCorridorRetimingProgram.In2012trafficsignalswereretimedat112intersectionsalongthreecorridors.Thepredictedbenefitsofthesechangesinclude:reducingtravellerdelaysby12%orover380,000hourseachyear;reducingthenumberofvehiclestopsby12%orover33millioneachyear,andsaving8%or2.1millionlitresoffueleachyear.Thislastbenefitwillreduceannualgreenhousegasemissionsby8%or55tonnesofCO2gases.Theoverallbenefit/costratiooftheseactivitiesisestimatedat66:1.

RecommendedInitiativesB.1AuxiliarySignalTimingPlansExpandthelibraryofauxiliarysignaltimingplansforscenariosthatoccurwithsomeregularitye.g.,adverseweatherconditions,laneblockagesfromcollisionsonexpressways,etc.Usesimulationtoolstomodelvariousroadclosurescenarios.Target:auxiliaryplanscompletedfor3highprioritycorridorsby2014.B.2UpdateCorridorCoordinationStudiesEstablishaprocessfortheregularreview(i.e.every3to5years)ofcorridoroperationsandassociatedsignaltimingplanstoidentifywhereupdatesarenecessaryandtherelativepriorityofeachupdate.B.3ActiveTrafficManagementFeasibilityStudyExploretheneedandpotentialbenefitsofactivemanagementstrategiese.g.hardshoulderrunning,suchasisallowedintheNorthDVPwhereGOBusesusetheleftshouldertobypasstrafficqueuesduringpeaktimes.Thismayleadtopilottestsandprojectsbeyondthis5yearPlan.B.4IntegratedCorridorManagementFeasibilityStudyReviewneedandpotentialbenefitofimplementingintegratedmanagementoftransitandvehiclemovementsinparallelarterialandexpresswaycorridors.

5YearCost PotentialBenefits$500,000 LowtoHigh

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C. IncidentandEventResponseTheCityofTorontosTrafficOperationsCentrehasbeenactivelyinvolvedinincidentmanagementthroughitsRESCUsystemdetectingcollisionsandotherincidentsinexpresswaycorridors,coordinatingemergencyresponse,andnotifyingmotorists.Theactivitiesunderthisstrategyfocusonreducingthedurationofincidentsandminimizingcongestionthatcanresult,andaredesignedtocomplementincreasedmonitoringcapabilities.Recommendedprojectsandactivitiesunderthisstrategywillhelpmanagetrafficcongestionby: Strengtheningrelationshipsamongkey

agenciese.g.,TOC,emergencyservices,towingindustry,roadmaintenance,etc.toimprovecoordination,reduceresponseandclearancetimesandimprovesafetyoffieldpersonnel;and

Educatingmotoriststomovetheirvehiclesoutoftheflowoftrafficafterminorcollisions.

RecommendedInitiatives

C.1TrafficIncidentManagementTeamProceduresEstablishTrafficIncidentManagementTeamswithrelevantagencies(e.g.TOC,emergencyresponders,towing,etc.).Theseteamswillmeetregularlytobetterunderstandeachothersroles,responsibilities,limitationsandconcerns,andidentifywaystoworktogethermoreeffectively.C.2ServicePatrolsExplorethefeasibilityofimplementingrovingservicepatrolvehiclesalongtheDVPandGardinerExpresswaycorridorstohelpmotoristswithminormechanicalbreakdownsandtoclearvehiclesfromtravellanes.C.3SteerItClearItSignageProgramDeliverapubliceducationandmarketingcampaigntoencouragemotoristsinvolvedinapropertydamageonlycollisiononexpresswaystomovetheirvehiclestoasafeplace,ifpossible.UndertakejointlywithMTOtoprovidebettercoverage.C.4UniversalFireStationPreemption(Nonvehicle)Consideracitywidestandardizedapproachtofirevehiclepreemptionattrafficsignals,inordertoimproveFireServicesabilitytoquicklyandsafelyrespondtoevents.RESCU isTorontosRoadEmergencyServicesCommunicationUnit.Itincludes76closedcircuittelevisioncamerasatkeylocationsalong52kmoftheCitysexpressways.OperatorsattheTOCmonitorthesecameras24hoursadayforanytrafficincidentsthatdisruptregulartrafficflow.

5YearCost PotentialBenefits$7,650,000 High

ExamplesofPotentialBenefitsTheCityofHoustonsSAFEclearresponseteamincludestowtrucksthatpatrolhighwaysandCCTVcamerasthatareusedbythepolicetoidentifyincidents.Overthefirstfourmonthsoftheprogramtherewasa10%reductioninthenumberofcollisionsonthefreewayscomparedtothesamefourmonthsin2003and2004.TraveltimedatafromTranStarindicatethattraveldelaywas1.8millionhourslowerin2005thanexpectedgiventhetrafficgrowthrate.Traveltimereliability,asmeasuredbytheamountofextratraveltimetoaccomplishatripduringtheworstdayofthemonth,alsostabilizedin2005afterbeing16%worsein2004thanin2003.NotalloftheseimprovementscanbetracedtoSAFEclearbuttheimprovementsincongestionandcollisionsrepresentmorethan$70millioninsavingstomotorists.

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D. ConstructionCoordination

Constructionandneedforcontractorstooccupylaneswithequipmentand/orsuppliescanhavesignificanttrafficimpacts.Thisincludesconstructionforroadmaintenanceandnewbuildingdevelopments.ThenumberofnewdevelopmentsacrosstheCityofTorontoisasignofpositiveeconomicdevelopment,butalsoprovidesakeychallengefortrafficflow.Recommendedprojectsandactivitiesunderthisstrategywillhelpmanagetrafficcongestionby: Improvingthecoordinationand

managementofconstructionworkzonesacrosstheCity;

Improvinginformationavailabletotravellersabouttrafficconditionsanddetoursassociatedwithworkzones;

ImprovinginformationavailabletoTOCoperatorsforuseinmonitoringcontractoractivitiesandadjustingsignaltimingplansaccordingly;and

Encouragingcontractorstoparticipateasmuchaspossibleinminimizingtheimpactofworkzonesontraffic.

RecommendedInitiativesD.1SmartWorkZonesDevelopastandardizedapproachtoworkzonemanagementincludinguseofCCTVcamerasandvehicledetectorstomonitortrafficconditions,andportableelectronicmessagingsignstoinformmotorists.AfirststepwouldincludeinstallingportableCCTVcamerasontrailersatworkzones.Target:5to10CCTVcamerasinselectworkzonesby2014.D.2LaneOccupancyPermitManagementImplementanelectronicsystemthatstreamlinestheapplication,approval,receiptandmanagement/trackingoflaneoccupancypermits.Approvedpermitswouldbeelectronicallyavailabletocontractors,CityenforcementandTOCstaffaswellastravellerinformationservices.D.3LaneOccupancyPermitReviewReviewcostoflaneoccupancypermits,finesandrelatedcontractconditionstoensuretheyreflectpotentialimpactsontraffic,withthegoaltospeeduptheworkandshortenthedisruptionstotrafficflows.D.4WorkZonePerformanceManagementandMonitoringImplementchangestocontractrequirementsthatrequirecontractorstocomplywiththeconditionsoflaneoccupancypermits.Considermonitoringthetrafficperformancewithintheworkzoneandrequiringthecontractortomaintainspecificlevelsofservicethroughoutthedayasafutureenhancement.

5YearCost PotentialBenefits$1,100,000 LowtoHigh

ExamplesofPotentialBenefitsInLosAngeles,anautomatedworkzoneinformationsystemwasfoundtoreducevehiclehoursoftravelby37%duetotrafficdiversiontoalternateroutes.InArizona,useofasmartworkzoneonSR68tomeasuretraveltimesthroughtheworkzoneandreporttheinformationtomotoristsresultedinreducedcongestionwithintheworkzoneandacontractorthatactivelyworkedtominimizetheimpactoftheirworkontrafficoperations.Thesystemwasalsousedtomonitorcontractorperformance,withpenaltiesandrewardsimposeddependingontrafficconditionsandthecontractorsabilitytomeetspecifiedtrafficperformancerequirements.

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E. CurbsideManagement Onstreetparkinginthedowntowncoreisinhighdemandwithtaxis,couriers,deliverytrucksandprivatevehiclesallcompetingforavailablecurbspace.Thestreetsintheseareasareoftennarrowwithlimitedroadwidthavailableandhightrafficdemandaddingtothechallenge.ActivitiesunderthisstrategywillbeconductedinclosecollaborationwiththeTorontoParkingAuthority,andwillhelpmanagetrafficcongestionby: Usinginnovativesolutionstoimprovethe

balanceofparkingdemandwithtrafficoperationalrequirements;

Reducingillegalparkingwhichmayaffecttrafficflow;and

Increasinglegalparkingavailabilityandreducingparkingsearchtime.

RecommendedInitiativesE.1ParkingChargeReview Reviewparkingchargesinordertoencourageshorterdurationandhigherturnoverofonstreetparkingspaces.Thiscouldincludeincreasingratesand/ortheuseofanescalatingparkingchargescalewhereratesincreasethelongeravehicleisparkedinalocation.E.2DevelopParkingStrategies Developinnovativeparkingstrategiesbyareaandcorridor,inclosecollaborationwithlocalbusinessesandthecourierindustry.Theseparkingstrategiescouldinclude:studyingparkingdemandintheareaandhowitvariesbyhouranddayoftheweek;restrictingbusinessdeliveriestocertaintimesofthedaywithallowanceforprivatevehicleparkingintheremainingtimeperiods;orstrictparkingrestrictionsinsomecorridorsduringpeakhours,whileremovingparkingrestrictionsonparallelstreetsduringthesamehours.Eachparkingstrategywilldependontheareainquestion,andwillbecloselyevaluatedforeffectiveness.E.3SmartPark InvestigatetheSmartParkconcepttodetermineneed,feasibilityandpotentialimpactforimplementationinthelongerterm.SmartParkinvolvesusingtechnologysuchassmartphoneapps,electronicmessagesigns,andothertoolstomonitorparkinguseandinformmotoristswhereparkingisavailable.

5YearCost PotentialBenefits$800,000 LowtoMedium

ExamplesofPotentialBenefitsBaltimore/WashingtonInternationalThurgoodMarshall(BWI)airportimplementedaparkingguidancesystemwhichdirectstravellerstoindividualavailableparkingspaces.AnOctober2003surveyofBWItravelersfoundthat81%ofsurveyedtravellersindicatedthatparkingwaseasieratBWIthanattheotherairportstheyfrequentedand68%agreedthatparkingwasfaster.

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F. SupportofAllModesofTransportationEncouragingpeopletousemodesotherthantheirprivatevehiclessuchaswalking,cyclingorpublictransitisanimportanttrafficmanagementstrategyasitreducesthenumberofvehicletrips.TheCityofTorontoisalreadyactivelypromotingallmodesoftransportationthroughitsOfficialPlanandotherinitiativessuchastheBikewayTrailsImplementationPlan.Projectsandactivitiesunderthisstrategysupportthoseeffortsandhelpmanagetrafficcongestionby: Improvingtheeffectivenessand

coordinationoftrafficmanagementactivitiesinvolvingpublictransitvehiclesandalternativetransportationmodes;and

Exploringthemostcreativeandeffectiveuseoftypicalstreetdesignstandardsandtrafficengineeringtechniquestoprovideamorebalanceduseoftheroadrightofway.

RecommendedInitiativesF.1TransitSignalPriorityReviewandconsiderreplacingthecurrentapproach(streetcarsandbusesreceiveunconditionalpriorityat350intersections)withaconditionalapproach.Theconditionalapproachprovidespriorityonlywhenitwouldbenefitthetransitvehicle(e.g.,itisbehindschedule).F.2HOVBusLaneReviewReviewthe8locationswherelanesarededicatedfortheuseofbusesandHighOccupancyVehicles(HOV).Thegoalwillbetoidentifyanyneededadjustmentstohoursofoperationoroccupancyrequirements(e.g.changefrom3+peopleto2+people)thatwouldimproveefficiencyanduse.F.3BicycleFacilitiesExpansionContinuetoimplementandexpandbicyclefacilities,includingadowntownseparatedbikelanenetworkwithinthedowntowncore,toencouragepeopletousebicyclesforshorttrips.F.4CorridorRenewalforSustainableTransportationConductafeasibilitystudytoidentifycandidatecorridorsandpotentialtechniquesthatcouldbeappliedtoprovideamoremultimodalapproachtotrafficmanagement.Techniquesexploredcouldincludetheuseofleftturnlanes,methodstoreducevehicle/pedestrian/bicycleconflicts,multiphaseintersections,bicyclefacilities,andcurbbulbstoprotectparkedvehiclesandreducepedestriancrossingtimes.Thisprojectwillinvolveevaluatingalternativeconceptualdesignsfortopprioritycorridorsandselectingonecorridorasademonstrationprojectforpotentialimprovements.


ExamplesofPotentialBenefitsTriMet(Portland,Oregon)avoidedaddingonemorebusbyusingTransitSignalPriorityandexperienceda10%improvementintraveltimeandasmuchasa19%reductionintraveltimevariability.Withincreasedreliability,TriMethasbeenabletoreducescheduledrecoverytime.AnevaluationofthePortland,Oregonregionfoundthatresidentshadanaverageof9.8VehicleMilesTravelledpercapitainneighborhoodswithgoodtransitandamixeduseenvironment,comparedto13.3ingoodtransitneighborhoodswithoutamixeduseenvironment.AstudyinthePugetSoundregionfoundthatafullymixeduseenvironmentwasassociatedwitha20%reductioninVehicleMilesTravelledcomparedtoafullysegregatedenvironment.

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G. TravellerInformationProvidingconvenientaccesstocurrentandreliabletravellerinformationallowstravellerstheopportunitytomakeinformeddecisionsonthebesttiming,mode,androuteoftheirtrip.ThisstrategybuildsonadvancesmadeundertheIntelligentTransportationSystemsactivities(seePage5),andwillhelpmanagecongestionby: Improvingtheamountofinformation

availabletotravellersallowingthemtomakeinformeddecisionsontheirroute;

Increasingtheeaseandspeedinwhichinformationabouttrafficconditionscanbesharedwithtravellersandotheragencies;and

Strengtheningdatasourcesandnetworkstoensureinformationoncurrenttrafficconditions,incidentsandeventsisaccurateandreliable.

RecommendedInitiativesG.1 TravellerInformationStrategy Reviewthecurrentstateoftheartapproachesandmakerecommendationsonpotentialtechniquesandtechnologiesthatcanbeeffectivelyusednowandinthefutureforthecollectionanddisseminationoftravellerinformation.G.2 VMSsincludingDisplayofTravelTimes Useexistingandnewchangeableelectronicmessagesigns(VariableMessageSigns)todisplaytraveltimesonexpresswaysandselectcitystreetswherethereissufficientdemandandspace.Prioritycorridorswouldincludethoseservingthedowntownarea.G.3 EventDatabase Developawebbasedeventdatabasethatallowsmultipleusers(e.g.,externalTOCoperators,emergencyservices,TTCoperators)toinput,track,andaccesscurrentandplannedeventinformationtoallowforenhancedmanagement.ThisdatabasecouldbelinkedtotheLaneOccupancyPermitManagementSystem(D.2)forimprovedefficiency.G.4 CityWebsiteImprovements UpdatetheCitywebsitetoprovidetravellerinformationinamoreconvenientandmodernfashion.Thiscouldincludebrandingthewebsitewithacaptivatingname,improvingvisualappealandinterface,andincreasingthevarietyofinformation.G.5 SocialMedia Reviewtheuseofsocialmediaasatoolforbothdistributinginformationtoandreceivinginformationfromtravellersonincidentsandevents.Thisreviewwillexploreoptions,seekinputfromusers,evaluatetheeffectivenessofvarioustools,anddevelopastrategyforthebestwaytoapplysocialmedia.G.6 MobileApps Explorethepotentialfordevelopingandusingmobileapplications/devicesasawaytodistributeinformationtotravellersandpossiblyasasourceofdata.Appscouldbedevelopedbyprivateentities,publicsectororasapartnership.


ExamplesofPotentialBenefits

InHouston,Texas,realtimetraveltimeinformationpostedonVMSinfluenceddriversroutechoice85%ofrespondentsstatedtheychangedtheirroutebasedontheinformationprovided.Oftheserespondents,66%saidthattheysavedtraveltimeasaresultoftheroutechange.

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H. TrafficOperationsCentreTheTrafficOperationsCentre(TOC)istheCitysnervecentrefortrafficandcongestionmanagement,monitoringtrafficconditionsandcoordinatingtrafficcontrolfielddevices24hoursaday,sevendaysaweek.Otheragenciesalsoplayacentralroleinmanagingtheroadnetworkincludingemergencyservices,TTC,GOTransit,MinistryofTransportationOntario,407ETR,andRegionalgovernments.ActivitiesunderthisTechnicalElementfocusoncoordinationandcooperationamongstthevariousagenciestomaximizetheefficiencyoftransportationnetworkoperations.Thiswouldimprovetrafficcongestionby: Improvingincidentdetectionand

monitoringofthetransportationnetwork,allowingTOCoperatorstorespondtochangesintrafficconditionsaccordinglyandmorerapidly;and

Strengtheningaregionalapproachtotrafficandcongestionmanagement,addressingTorontotrafficcongestionresultingfromincidentsinotherjurisdictionsandviceversa.

RecommendedInitiativesH.1TrafficOperationsCentreImprovementsTheoverallobjectiveofthisinitiativeistomaximizetheefficiencyofoperationswithintheTOC.H.2CoordinationwithEmergencyServicesExpandcurrentinformationexchangebetweentheTOCandTorontoEmergencyServicesagencies.Thiscouldincludethetwowayexchangeof:imagesfromselectpolicecameras,informationontrafficincidents,informationfromtheeventdatabase(G.3),informationoncurrentlaneclosuresduetoconstruction(D.2),andothertrafficinformation(A.4).H.3CoordinationwithTransitEstablishcloseworkingrelationshipswithTTCandGOdispatchcentrestoexchangeinformationoncongestion,incidents,events,andotherrelevantdata.H.4CoordinationwithExternalAgenciesStrengthencollaboration,coordination,andelectronicinformationsharingbetweentheTOCandadjacentjurisdictions.H.5TOCOperationsCoordinationStrengthenTOCoperationsbyestablishingregularstaffmeetingsanddebriefingsessionsaftereventswithTOCstaffaswellasstafffromothercontrolcentres.Meetingsshouldreviewprocessesused,keyissuesthataroseduringanevent,whatdidanddidnotworkwell,andchangesthatneedtobemadetoimproveoperatingefficiency.

5YearCost PotentialBenefits$1,700,000 MediumtoHigh

ExamplesofPotentialBenefits

InNewYorkState,HighwayPatrol,DepartmentofTransportation(DOT)andtheThruwayAuthorityusedrealtimetrafficdatafromvehicleprobestoidentifyproblemareasinashoppingareaduringtheThanksgivingweekend.Theyjointlyworkedtogethertomanagetrafficandprovideinformationtomotoriststhroughelectronicmessagesigns.Thisproactiveapproachresultedina50%reductionintrafficqueuesoverpreviousyears.

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IMPLEMENTINGTHEPLANCapitalandOperatingCostsTheCityofTorontoCongestionManagementPlan20142018asproposedrepresentsacapitalcostof$57.25milliondollarsspreadover5years.AppendixBdocumentshowthiscostbreaksdownacrosstheeightTechnicalElementsandtheircomponentprojects.Theestimatedcostassociatedwiththeadditionalstaffresourcerequirements,describedbelow,is$1.1million.ThemarginaladditionalcosttomaintaintheproposedadditionalITSinfrastructure,includingbothhardwareandsoftware,overthe5yearprogramis$8million.ImplementationScheduleAGanttchartthatillustrateshowtherecommendedprojectsandactivitieswillbeimplementedoverthenext5yearsisincludedinAppendixC.ResourceRequirementsRecommendedprojectsandactivitiesfallundertheresponsibilityofanumberofdifferentsectionswithintheCityofTorontosTransportationServicesDivision,withthemajorityfallingwithintheTrafficManagementCentre.WiththemoreproactiveapproachtotrafficmanagementonarterialroadsdescribedinthePlan,thereisaneedforadditionalstaffresourcestomonitorandrespondtochangingtrafficconditions.Itisthereforerecommendedthatadditionalstaffpositionsbecreatedtoprovidethesefunctions,including:withintheTrafficSignalOperationsGroup(2positions),theRESCUGroup(2positions),theTrafficSafetyUnit(2positions),andtheTrafficPlantInstallationandMaintenanceUnit(1position).

ToimplementthebroadrangeofcapitalprojectsoutlinedinthisPlan,itisrecommendedthataseparateCapitalProjectsDeliveryGroupbeformedthatisdedicatedtotheplanning,designandimplementationofthecapitalprojectsidentified.Thisgroupwouldconsistof5staffpositionsalloperatingundertheoversightofamanager,andwouldallowtheCitytocontinuetoupdateandexpandtheirtrafficmanagementsystemsbeyond2018.MonitoringandEvaluationAprocesswillbeestablishedattheoutsettomonitorandevaluatetheperformanceofthevariousprojects,toensuregoalsarebeingmet.Identifyingperformancecriteriawillbeakeyfirststeptothisprocess.Commontransportationnetworkperformanceindicatorsinclude:traveltime,averagespeed,totaldelay(vehiclehoursorpersonhours),traveltimeindex(theratioofpeakperiodtraveltimetotraveltimeunderfreeflowconditions)andthebuffertimeindex(theratiooftotaltriptimeapersonwouldplantoallowinordertoensureontimearrivaltoaveragetriptime).Asthesecriteriadonotreflecthowperformancecanvaryovertimeandspace,othermethodsshouldbeexploredformonitoringperformance.ThePlanshouldalsobecontinuouslyreviewedandupdatedtogetherwiththeCityofTorontosoveralltransportationplanningandenvironmentalreviewprocessestoensureitremainsrelevantinhelpingtoaddresstheCityofTorontostransportationneedsandpriorities.

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APPENDIXA:RECOMMENDEDPROJECTSANDACTIVITIESBYGOAL

P=PrimaryGoal s=SecondaryGoal

TechnicalElements&ProjectsCONGESTIONMANAGEMENTPLANGOALS

MaximizeEfficiency&Reliability

ImproveSafety

ImproveResponsive

nessImprove

InformationReduce

EnvironmentalImpact

IntelligentTransportationSystemsA.1ReplacementofATMSSoftware s S P s sA.2EnhancedSignalControlModes s P sA.3ArterialCCTVCameras s S P s sA.4ArterialNetworkMonitoring s S P s sA.5UpdateandExpandCityCommunicationsNetworks s P s A.6ReplacementofHardware s s P s sCongestion&EngineeringStudiesB.1AuxiliarySignalTimingPlans P s sB.2UpdateCorridorCoordinationStudies P s sB.3ActiveTrafficManagementFeasibilityStudy P s sB.4IntegratedCorridorManagementFeasibilityStudy P s sIncident&EventResponseC.1TrafficIncidentManagementTeams s P s sC.2ServicePatrols s P s C.3SteerItClearItSignageProgram s P sC.4UniversalFireStationPreemption(Nonvehicle) s s P ConstructionCoordinationD.1SmartWorkZones s P sD.2LaneOccupancyPermitManagement P sD.3LaneOccupancyPermitReview P sD.4WorkZonePerformanceManagementandMonitoring P sCurbsideManagementE.1ParkingChargeReview P sE.2DevelopParkingStrategies P sE.3SmartPark P sSupportofAlternateModesF.1TransitSignalPriority P sF.2HOVBusLaneReview P sF.3BicycleFacilitiesExpansion s P sF.4CorridorRenewalforSustainableTransp. P s

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P=PrimaryGoal s=SecondaryGoal

TechnicalElements&ProjectsCONGESTIONMANAGEMENTPLANGOALS

MaximizeEfficiency&Reliability

ImproveSafety

ImproveResponsiveness

ImproveInformation

ReduceEnvironmental

ImpactTravellerInformationG.1TravellerInformationStrategy s s P G.2VMSsincludingDisplayofTravelTimes s s P G.3EventDatabase s s P sG.4CityWebsiteImprovements s s P sG.5SocialMedia s s P sG.6MobileApps s s P sTrafficOperationsCentreH.1TrafficOperationsCentreRenovations P s H.2CoordinationwithEmergencyServices s s P sH.3CoordinationwithTransit s s P sH.4CoordinationwithExternalAgencies P s s sH.5TOCOperationsCoordination P s s s

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APPENDIXB:PROGRAMCOSTESTIMATESSUMMARY

CongestionManagementPlanCAPITALCOSTANDCASHFLOWSUMMARY

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

A IntelligentTransportationSystemsA.1 ReplacementofATMSSoftware 1,200,000$ $ $ $ $ 1,200,000$A.2 EnhancedSignalControlModes 150,000$ 1,450,000$ 2,950,000$ 2,950,000$ 2,800,000$ 10,300,000$A.3 ArterialCCTVCameras 900,000$ 2,100,000$ 50,000$ 800,000$ 800,000$ 4,650,000$A.4 NetworkMonitoring $ 100,000$ 50,000$ 1,050,000$ 250,000$ 1,450,000$A.5 UpdateandExpandCommunicationsNetwork 150,000$ 900,000$ 1,000,000$ 1,300,000$ 1,050,000$ 4,400,000$A.6 HardwareReplacementand/orExpansion $ 1,750,000$ 2,210,000$ 2,960,000$ 2,930,000$ 9,850,000$

B CongestionandEngineeringStudiesB.1 AuxiliarySignalTimingPlans $ $ $ $ $ $B.2 UpdateCorridorCoordinationStudies $ $ $ $ $ $B.3 ActiveTrafficManagementFeasibilityStudy $ $ $ $ 250,000$ 250,000$B.4 IntegratedCorridorManagementFeasibilityStudy $ $ 250,000$ $ $ 250,000$

C IncidentandEventResponseC.1 TrafficIncidentManagementTeamProcedures $ $ $ $ $ $C.2 SteerItClearItProgram $ $ $ $ $ $C.3 UniversalFireStationPreemption(Nonvehicle) $ $ 50,000$ 3,800,000$ 3,800,000$ 7,650,000$

D ConstructionCoordinationD.1 SmartWorkZones $ 200,000$ $ $ $ 200,000$D.2 LaneOccupancyPermitManagement $ 100,000$ 550,000$ $ $ 650,000$D.3 LaneOccupancyPermitReview $ $ 150,000$ $ $ 150,000$D.4 WorkZonePerformanceManagement&Monitoring $ 50,000$ $ 50,000$ $ 100,000$

E CurbsideManagementE.1 ParkingChargeReview $ $ $ 50,000$ 50,000$ 100,000$E.2 DevelopParkingStrategies $ $ 100,000$ 100,000$ 400,000$ 600,000$E.3 SmartPark $ $ $ $ 100,000$ 100,000$

F SupportofAlternateModesF.1 TransitSignalPriority $ 150,000$ 700,000$ 650,000$ $ 1,500,000$F.2 HOVBusLaneReview $ 100,000$ 300,000$ 300,000$ 100,000$ 800,000$F.3 BicycleFacilitiesExpansion $ $ $ $ $ $F.4 CorridorRenewalforSustainableTransportation $ 100,000$ 200,000$ 2,600,000$ 2,550,000$ 5,450,000$

G TravellerInformationG.1 TravellerInformationStategy $ $ $ $ $ $G.2 VMSsincludingDisplayofTravelTimes $ 100,000$ 2,450,000$ 2,300,000$ $ 4,850,000$G.3 EventDatabase $ 100,000$ 400,000$ $ $ 500,000$G.4 CityWebsiteImprovements $ 150,000$ $ 50,000$ $ 200,000$G.5 SocialMedia $ $ 100,000$ $ $ 100,000$G.6 MobileApps $ 50,000$ 100,000$ 50,000$ 50,000$ 250,000$

H TrafficOperationsCentreH.1 TrafficOperationsCentreImprovements 600,000$ $ $ $ $ 600,000$H.2 CoordinationwithPolice $ 100,000$ 50,000$ 50,000$ 150,000$ 350,000$H.3 CoordinationwithTransit $ $ 150,000$ 50,000$ 50,000$ 250,000$H.4 CoordinationwithExternalAgencies $ $ 300,000$ 100,000$ 100,000$ 500,000$H.5 TrafficOperationsCentreCoordination $ $ $ $ $ $

TOTAL 3,000,000$ 7,500,000$ 12,110,000$ 19,210,000$ 15,430,000$ 57,250,000$

TechnicalElement Procurement&InstallationProjectsTotal

EstimatedCost

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APPENDIXC:PROPOSEDIMPLEMENTATIONSCHEDULE

Technical ElementA Intelligent Transportation SystemsA.1 Replacement of ATMS SoftwareA.2 Enhanced Signal Control ModesA.3 Arterial CCTV CamerasA.4 Network MonitoringA.5 Update and Expand Communications NetworkA.6 Hardware Replacement and/or Expansion

B Congestion and Engineering StudiesB.1 Auxiliary Signal Timing PlansB.2 Update Corridor Coordination StudiesB.3 Active Traffic Management Feasibility StudyB.4 Integrated Corridor Management Feasibility Study

C Incident and Event ResponseC.1 Traffic Incident Management Team ProceduresC.2 Steer it - Clear it ProgramC.3 Universal Fire Station Pre-emption (Non-vehicle)

D Construction CoordinationD.1 Smart Work ZoneD.2 Lane Occupancy Permit ManagementD.3 Lane Occupancy Permit ReviewD.4 Work Zone Performance Management & Monitoring

E Curbside ManagementE.1 Parking Charge ReviewE.2 Develop Parking StrategiesE.3 Smart Park

F Suipport of Alternate ModesF.1 Transit Signal PriorityF.2 HOV - Bus Lane ReviewF.3 Bicycle Facilities ExpansionF.4 Corridor Renewal for Sustainable Transportation

G Traveller InformationG.1 Traveller Information StrategyG.2 VMSs including Display of Travel TimesG.3 Event DatabaseG.4 City Website ImprovementsG.5 Social MediaG.6 Mobile Apps

H Traffic Operations CentreH.1 Traffic Operations Centre ImprovementsH.2 Coordination with PoliceH.3 Coordination with TransitH.4 Coordination with External AgenciesH.5 Traffic Operations Centre Coordination

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

CONGESTION MANAGEMENT PLAN PROGRAM

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