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GovernmentofNepal

MinistryofLocalDevelopment

Department of Local Infrastructure Development and Agricultural Roads (DoLIDAR)

Rural Access Improvement and Decentralization Project (RAIDP)

ProjectCoordination

Unit

(PCU)

Jawalakhel,Lalitpur

FFiinnaall RReeppoorrtt

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReport

Foreword

It is my great pleasure to introduce this District transport Master Plan (DTMP) of Saptari District. Ibelieve that this DTMP will be very helpful in providing single approach on sustainable planning,resource mobilization, implementation and monitoring for the development of rural road sub-sector.Transport facilities help in developing access of rural urban linkages also. Road accessibility canreduce isolation, stimulate crop production and marketing activities, encourage public services andhelp technology transfer. Road building has been seen to bring about notable enthusiasm andvisible changes in rural life. Thus, this document is expected to generate substantial opportunitiesfor the employment of rural people through the commercialization, industrialization anddiversification of traditional agricultural system of the rural area.

For the rational and effective use of available resource of DDC, development of rural road sector inplanned and sustainable way is the most crucial requirement. Viewing these aspects, the DTMP ofSaptari District which comprises the existing and proposed rural roads network with theirprioritization for new construction, rehabilitation and periodic maintenance will of course be a strongguideline for the ultimate development of the District. This document is also assumed to be helpfulin drawing the attention of the donor agencies. It will also be justifiable for the central government toallocate adequate resources for transport sector development of the district. Furthermore, thisdocument will make the work easy for resource allocation to rural roads by avoiding duplicationbetween the different development agencies.

Last but not least, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to RAIDP, DoLIDAR for theendevour of updating/preparing this DTMP. I would also like express my gratitude to all expertswhose diligent effort has been clearly reflected in this document.

I would warmly appreciate any creative and positive suggestions regarding this document.

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Acknowledgement

The District Transport Master Plan of Saptari District has been prepared for Rural Access

Improvement and Decentralization Project (RAIDP), DoLIDAR [ IDA Grant No : H525-NEP & Credit

No: 4664 ] under the Contract Agreement between RAIDP and North Star Engineering Consultant

(P) Ltd, ITECO Nepal (P) Ltd and FIDA JV. We would like to convey our indebtness to RAIDP for

entrusting us the responsibility to carry out the task of updating / preparing of DTMP of 10 districts of

Nepal.

We would like to express our sincere gratitude to the Project Co-ordinator Mr. Raja Karmacharya,Engineer Baikuntha Aryal and Shekhar Pokharel whose valuable co-operation and suggestions

guided us to accomplish the agreed task to this level. Account and Administrative personnel of the

project are also thankful for their liberal cooperation in the financial and administrative dealings. We

would also like to convey our sincere thanks to LDO of Saptari DDC, Mr Krishna Prasad Sapkota,

DTO Chief Mr. Laxmi Narayan Chaudhari, Engineers, Sub-engineers and other staffs of DDC and

DTO, Saptari for their extended help and regular support; and coordination at different levels while

working at the field level.

The local leaders and local people from Saptari district are also thankful for their help and

suggestion for the selection and identification of the roads. We hope, this updated / prepared DTMP

of Saptari District will be very helpful and a valuable guideline for the planning and development of

effective and systematic transport network in Saptari District.

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Abbreviations

Agri : AgricultureCEA : Cost Efficient AnalysisDADO : District Agriculture Development OfficeDBUD : Department of Building and Urban DevelopmentDDC : District Development CommitteeDEO : District Education OfficeDFID : Department for International Development (UK)DIM : District Inventory MapDRILP : Decentralized Rural Infrastructure and Livelihood Project

DoLIDAR : Department of Local Infrastructure Development and Agriculture RoadsDoR : Department of RoadsDTICC : District Transport Infrastructure Coordination CommitteeDPA : Development Potential AreaDRCC : District Road Coordination CommitteeDTMP : District Transport Master PlanDTO : District Technical OfficeDTPP : District Transport Perspective PlanDVO : District Veterinary OfficeGIS : Geographical Information System

GoN : Government of NepalGPS : Global Positioning SystemHa : HectareHH : House HoldIDPM : Indicative Development Potential MapIF : Importance FactorINGO : International Non Governmental OrganizationIrri : IrrigationILO : International Labour OrganizationKM : Kilometers

LGCDP : Local Governance and Community Development Programme

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Executive Summary

It is obvious that transport is one of the major components to improve access of the people toservices and facilities through increased mobility. Increased mobility results in better linkages with

the market centres, agricultural production pocket areas and help in generating numerous

opportunities in the district. With transport sector interventions and planning based on accessibility

considerations, District Transport Master Plan (DTMP) for a district offers long term perspective for

the planned development of the rural roads network in the district. Thus, DTMP is being developed

in Saptari District including other programmed Districts to support for the probable investments in

the development of systematic transport system with appropriate guidelines and criteria for rational

decision making process.

Saptari District is located in Sagarmatha Zone of the Eastern Development Region of Nepal. It

extends from 86o 28' to 87o 07' east and 26o 25' to 26o 47' north. As per the census of 2001, total

population of the district is 570282 comprising of 278873 female and 291409 male clustered in

101141 households with household size of 5.64 and annual population growth rate of 2.03%.

Average population density of district is 418 per sq. km.

In order to arrive at the socio-economic profile of various existing and potential market centers, the

consultant has studied relevant documents/reports and conducted detailed socio-economic survey

through consultation and interaction with program/project personnels and the local people. From

such study, a total of 64 existing and potential market centers were identified and considered for

present analysis. Based upon the centrality index, each existing market center is graded as A, B

and C using updated guideline of district transport master plan of DoLIDAR and the potential

markets as Others. From such analysis, total number of existing markets centers of grade A, B and

C were 6, 14 and 13 respectively and the remaining 31 markets as other potential ones.

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReportfinancial resource to various interventions of roads and trail bridges is 10 % for new construction, 80

% for upgrading/rehabilitation and 10 % for maintenance.

Based upon the prioritized transport linkages and the projected financial plan, first five year District

Transport Master Plan (DTMP) indicating the year-wise physical and financial target has been

prepared. Various categories of interventions of new construction, maintenance and

upgrading/rehabilitation for different classes of roads including the trail bridges has been addressed

with year-wise physical and financial targets. Total target for different interventions in the first five

year DTMP has been summarized as follows:

Class of

TransportLinkage

Intervention Type

First Five Year target

No. ofRoads/Bridges

Physical (Km)Financial

(NRs. in '000)

District RoadA

New construction 10 19,668

Upgrading/ Rehabilitation 164 410,468

Maintenance 1176 47,033

District RoadB


Upgrading/ Rehabilitation 109 273,645

Maintenance 962 38,481

T il B id


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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReportTableofContents

ForewordAcknowledgementAbbreviationsExecutiveSummaryTableofContents

CHAPTERI:INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................................................11.1 INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................................................................11.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY.............................................................................................................................2

CHAPTERII:APPROACHANDMETHODOLOGY....................................................................................................42.1 APPROACH.....................................................................................................................................................42.2 METHODOLOGY..............................................................................................................................................42.3 COLLECTION AND REVIEW OF SECONDARY SOURCES OF INFORMATION......................................................62.4 COLLECTIONS OF PRIMARY DATA ANDANALYSIS.........................................................................................72.5 PREPARATION OF INDICATIVE DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL MAP....................................................................72.6 PREPARATION OF DISTRICT INVENTORY MAP (DIM).....................................................................................82.7

P

REPARATION OFD

ISTRICTN

ETWORKP

LAN(DNP)

....................................................................................92.8 FINANCIAL RESOURCEASSESSMENT AND PROJECTION...............................................................................92.9 PREPARATION OF DISTRICT TRANSPORT PERSPECTIVE PLAN (DTPP)......................................................10

2.9.1 ScoringSystemforPrioritizationofProposedNewRoads........................................................................102.9.2 ScoringSystemforPrioritizationofRuralRoads,ClassAandBforUpgrading/Rehabilitation................112.9.3 PrioritizationofTrailBridges....................................................................................................................11

2.10 PREPARATION OF FIVE YEAR DISTRICT TRANSPORT MASTER PLAN (DTMP)...........................................122.11 ENDORSEMENT OF THE FIVE YEAR DTMP OF DISTRICT RTINETWORK.....................................................122.12 COMPLEMENTARYACTIVITIES IN THE DISTRICT FOR DTMP........................................................................12

CHAPTER

III:

INDICATIVE

DEVELOPMENT

POTENTIAL

MAP

(IDPM)

13

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReport4.1 EXISTING TRANSPORT SITUATION...............................................................................................................334.2 CLASSIFICATION OF RURAL ROADS...........................................................................................................344.3 INVENTORY OF RURAL ROAD.......................................................................................................................34

4.3.1 SummaryofDistrictRoadsA................................................................................................................354.3.2 BriefsonDistrictRoadsA......................................................................................................................364.3.3 SummaryofDistrictRoadsB.................................................................................................................384.3.4 BriefsonDistrictRoadsClassB.............................................................................................................39

4.4 LIST OF EXISTING TRAIL BRIDGES...............................................................................................................414.5 CONSTRUCTIONAPPROACH........................................................................................................................41

CHAPTERV:DISTRICTROADNETWORKPLANNING.........................................................................................435.1 ACCESSIBILITY SITUATION...........................................................................................................................435.2 ZONE OF INFLUENCEAREA..........................................................................................................................435.3 DELINEATION OFACCESSIBLEAREA...........................................................................................................435.4 INACCESSIBLEAREA...................................................................................................................................445.5 DELINEATION OF INACCESSIBLEAREA.......................................................................................................445.6 NETWORK PLANNING IN INACCESSIBLEAREA.............................................................................................44

CHAPTERVI:DISTRICTTRANSPORTPERSPECTIVEPLAN(DTPP)...................................................................456.1 PERSPECTIVE PLAN OF DISTRICT RURAL ROAD NETWORKS......................................................................456.2 EXISTING ROAD NETWORK SYSTEM............................................................................................................456.3 PRIORITIZATION OF PROPOSED NEW ROADS..............................................................................................45

6.3.1 PrioritizationofDistrictRoadAforNewLinkage....................................................................................456.3.2 BriefonProposedDistrictRoadsClassAforNewConstruction..............................................................456.3.3 PrioritizationofDistrictRoadBforNewLinkage...................................................................................466.3.4 BriefonProposedDistrictRoadsClassBforNewConstruction..............................................................47

6.4 INTER-DISTRICT TRANSPORT LINKAGES....................................................................................................476.5 PRIORITIZATION OF RURAL ROADS CLASS A AND CLASS B FOR UPGRADING/REHABILITATION...........48

6.5.1 PrioritizationofDistrictRoadAforUpgrading.......................................................................................486.5.2 PrioritizationofDistrictRoadBforUpgrading.......................................................................................50

6.6 LIST OF VILLAGE ROADS.............................................................................................................................516.7 PRIORITIZATION OF TRAIL BRIDGES...........................................................................................................55

6 7 1

P i iti ti

f

T il

B id

f

N

C t ti

55

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CHAPTERI:INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction

Saptari district is located in Sagarmatha zone of Eastern Development Region and it covers an areaof 1363 square kilometer within latitude 2625 N to 2647N and longitude 8628E to 8707E.Saptari district is surrounded by the borders of north state of India, Bihar to the South, Sunsari to theEast, Siraha to the West & Udaypur to the north. According to the national census 2001, the totalpopulation of the district is 5,70,282 comprising 2,91,409 male and 2,78,873 female. Subsistenceagriculture farming, mainly traditional agriculture is the main source of occupation and livelihood ofthe majority of the population. Chhinmasta Bhagawati Temple and Kankalini Bhagawati Temples

are the main famous and holy pilgrimage place in this district. There are other many holy temples inthis district.

The district is served by surface transport facilities linking the district with the national strategic roadnetwork through East West Highway. The network of feeder roads, district roads, Postal road andvillage roads are increasing significantly in the district. However, district and village roads and postalroads are mostly in poor condition which requires upgrading/rehabilitation and proper maintenance.

Development activities are mainly dependent on the transport facilities available. Adequate roadsnetwork in any district is the key infrastructure for good transportation. Transport facilities help in

developing access to rural-urban linkages; stimulate crop production and marketing activities. Roadaccessibility can reduce isolation; encourage availing public services and help to transfertechnology. Road construction has been seen to bring about notable enthusiasm and visiblechanges in rural life. However, in the absence of rational criteria and professional guidelines, roadconstructions are carried out in an adhoc manner in many of the districts.

District Transport Master Plan (DTMP) is being developed in the district to support investments intransport development with appropriate guideline and criteria for rational and transparent decisionmaking process.

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReportto negotiate possible grant and loan assistance from donor agencies. It facilitates project

identification. Donors or funding agencies supporting rural transport investments have accepted

DTMP as a prerequisite tool for transport related assistance.

Proper planning and sustainability are the key issues for development of rural transport network. As

stated in the National Strategy (MoLD, 1997), the long term vision of the Government of Nepal for

road sector, is the development of basic rural infrastructure (with strong emphasis on district

agricultural roads) country-wide in a planned and sustainable manner. In line with the poverty

alleviation objectives, labour based technology and environmental friendly, local resource oriented

construction methods have to be incorporated in rural infrastructure development process in a

decentralized environment.

1.2 Objective of the Study

The overall objective of the consulting services is the updating of the District Transport Master Plan(DTMP) and District Transport Perspective Plan (DTPP) of the districts as indicated in the ToR andto prepare the DTMP as per the Interim Guidelines of DTMP of DoLIDAR.

The specific objectives, but not necessarily limited to the following, are:

Review and analyze the existing DTMP.

Train district personnel for operating the GPS, processing the GPS data collected and

converting those data to GIS shape file during preparation of road inventory and to up-datethe inventory in the future.

Train district personnel for preparation of DTMP.

Prepare Indicative Developmental Potential Map (IDPM).

Prepare the District Inventory Map (DIM) of Rural Road networks and based on DIM prepareaccessibility mapping for two hours and four hours by considering terrain, major river andriver crossing facilities.

P ti f R d N t k Pl

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari

SAPTARI DISTRICT

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CHAPTERII:APPROACHANDMETHODOLOGY

2.1 Approach

District transport Master Plan has been prepared using participatory bottom-up approach and differs

from conventional practices of top down approach. Techno-Political interface has been incorporated

in the planning process, where active participation from representatives of political parties, line

agencies, DDC officials is crucial.

The District Transport Infrastructure Coordination Committee (DTICC) has been constituted at thedistrict level as authorized legislative body of DDC. This body, comprising political representatives

from all political parties, provided necessary policy decisions during the DTMP preparation process.

2.2 Methodology

The Consultant has studied the entire procedure of project implementation as recommended by the

Interim guidelines and DTMP methodology developed. The Consultant has strictly followed the

methodology prescribed by the guideline while preparing/updating the existing DTMPs of the

districts under the study area. The general methodology of the study is outlined below:

Table 2.1: General Methodology of Study

Action No. Descr iption

1.0 Desk Study and Review of previous DTMP reports

1.1 Collection and review of other Relevant Documents.

1.2 Collection andeview of Maps

1 3 C ll ti d i f th i i t

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReportFigure 2.1: DTMP Planning Process and its Methodology

Formation/Reformation ofdistrict Transport

Infrastructure Coordination

Preparation of Indicative Development Potential Map(IDPM) of District (Analysis of District Profile Grading

of Markets)

Preparation of District InventoryMap (DIM)

Preparation of District Road Network

Prioritization of District Transport Perspective

Preparation of Five Year Transport

Investment Plan of District

District Level Introductory

Workshop and organizingGPS Training

Preparation of DistrictTransport Master

Plan (DTMP)

Secondary/Primary datacollection identification ofdevelopment potential area,marketing survey (focusedgroup discussion, informalcorner meeting, key informationinterview Data entry/dataanalysis Presentation of IDPMin DTICC meeting.

Technical data/Data collectionTraffic Survey Preparing Basemap at Field study Analysis ofexisting situation of roadnetworks and plotting ofTOP/DIS ma Presentation.

Preparing preliminary Roadnetwork planning based oninaccessible area Discuss andverify with DTICC Refine andpresent proposed preliminaryRoad network in cluster ofIllaka workshops Getverification and validity of roadnetworks prepared roadnetwork.

Collection of technical andsocio-economic data within theZOI area of proposed roadData analysis Prioritization ofproposed roads prepare draftDTPP d t t DTICC

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReportFigure 2.2: Planning Processes for DTMP Preparation

Preparation of Indicative Development PotentialMap (IDPM)

P

L

A

N

N

I

N

G

Preparation of District Inventory Map (DIM)

Preparation of Dist rict Road Network andSynchronization of DTPP of Adjoining Distr icts

Preparation of District Transport Perspective

Plan (DTPP)

Preparation of Five Year Distric t InvestmentPlan (DTMP)

1

2

3

4

5

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReportList of documents

Previous reports of DTMP prepared by the DDC.

District profile prepared by DDC.

Annual report of Agriculture Development Office, District Veterinary Office, report of DistrictEducation Office etc.

Report on settlement pattern and market centers of the district.

Demographic statistics and socio-economic feature of the district.

Collection of Maps

Topo maps of the 1:25000 scales, for use as base map.

Digitized topographic maps of department of survey.

District administrative map.

District Trail Maps, Helvetas/ TBSU.

Strategic road network map of DoR.

2.4 Collections of Primary Data and Analysis

Primary information on existing accessibility level of settlements was derived from the communities,

VDC officials, school teachers and other related organizations/individuals during the field investigationperiod to a standard format specially developed for this purpose. The primary data has been collectedfrom local people through answer to the structured questionnaires which were filled up by theenumerators. Tracking of the existing road network has been carried out by enumerators employedby consultants using the GPS.

2.5 Preparation of Indicative Development Potential Map

IDPM is basically the indication of the existing and potential market/service centers (key growth

t ) d th h i i d l t t ti l h hi h l h

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReportMarket Survey

Market Survey was carried out to identify market and service centre. Data and information collected

in the field were the basis for determining the relative importance of market/service centre and

central places. All services existing in a particular centre listed by the district line agencies were also

collected from the respective districts and supplemented by more detailed field data such as

economic population structure for the centre itself and its influence area, by means of P-RRA

approach. For evaluation purpose, data from government offices, Industry, Business & Commerce,

Education, Health, Communication, Electricity Supply, Drinking Water Supply services were

combined for the centre and its influence area. Assessment of economic facilities and services

existing in the market/service centers and their influence areas lead to the identification of the most

important market/service centre. Centrality analysis of the market facilities and government services

were carried out.

The Centrality Index is calculated using following formula

Cj = (W Xij)

Where,

Cj = Centrality Index of the jth market centre

Xij = value of the ith function (number of establishments or shops at the jth market centre)

Wi = Weightage of the jth function

The weightage of each function is calculated by adopting the Median Threshold Population

Technique. The Median Threshold Population Technique calculates the weightage as:

Wi =Median population of the ith function

Lowest median population of the market centers, where a function exists

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReport Presentation on DIM and IDPM was made in one day meeting with DTICC. This meeting

then finalized the proposed IDPM and DIM plans.

2.7 Preparation of Distric t Network Plan (DNP) Gradation of Market centers was done based on the centrality index as Market grade A (>

100), grade B (50- 100), grade C (25-50), and potential (< 25).

GIS map of nodal centers was prepared according to the grading of market centers.

All the market centers based on their hierarchy lying within the core of the central place was

plotted in GIS map.

After plotting all market centers, all the existing roads were overlaid on the GIS Map.

Accessibility situation was analyzed using GIS model.

Buffering along the left and right of the existing all weather road was carried out on the basis

of walking distance of 2 hours for Terai and 4 hours for hills. These delineated areas were

considered as accessible area.

The planning tree proposes road network for the inaccessible area identified by the ZoI

analysis.

Preliminary road network plan for inaccessible areas was prepared based on the nodal

points/market centers and government policy of 2 hours and 4 hours walking distances.

Rural roads identified are categorized into two type of roads i.e. district roads and village

roads. District roads are classified as RRA and RRB according to the significance of the

roads.

Prior to disseminating information in clusters of Ilaka level workshops, DTICC meetings was

conducted and the proposed preliminary road network plan for inaccessible areas was

presented and discussed to verify and obtain preliminary approval of the proposed road

t k

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReport2.9 Preparation of District Transport Perspective Plan (DTPP)

2.9.1 Scoring System for Prioriti zation of Proposed New Roads

A network consists of several links. It is not possible to construct all roads at a time due to resource

and time constraint. Therefore, each link in a network needs to be prioritized. After developing a

district level network, a road engineer prepares the cost estimate of the road and assesses benefit

of each link in the network. In the present study, Cost Efficiency Analysis (CEA) was used to

prioritize new transport linkage. Criteria such as per capita cost and special social consideration (of

inclusiveness) receive certain weightage (points) relative to their perceived importance. Each road

link was then allocated the number of points corresponding to the fulfillment of the particular criteria.

The aggregate number of points that each intervention receives was computed by simply adding the

points allocated per indicator. The result of this process leads to a ranking of the investment options.The following criteria were used for prioritization of new transport linkages.

Existing population within the zone of influence, accessibility situation, land use pattern,

environmental and social safeguard, proximity to the market/cervice centers, religious and tourism

places were taken as the indicators for prioritization of rural roads. According to the importance of

each of these indicators in transport sector, different score has been assigned to each of them as

given in table 2.2.

Table 2.2: Scoring System for Priorit ization of New Linkages

SN Parameter Scoring Unit Score

1 Population (Within the Zone of influences) Population/Km 40

2 Inaccessibility Population Walking hour 15

3 Cultivated Land (Within the Zone of influences) Hectare / Km 15

Environment and Social Safeguard

) P l ti f D lit d J j ti (Withi P l ti / K 10

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReport(For low value ranking) d = (max-x) mult iply by score/( Max-min)

Where,

d = transformed indicator

x = original indicator value

Max = maximum original value

min = minimum original value

For each area of investigation, the road link with the lowest indicator value d results in 1 multipliedby the maximum available score.

(Note: to avoid possible confusion, the value of lowest score, zero is transformed by relating it to the

value of second lowest score using pro-rata distribution method)

2.9.2 Scoring System for Prioritization of Rural Roads, Class A and B for Upgrading/Rehabilitation

Similar to prioritization of new linkages, prioritization system for upgrading/rehabilitation has alsobeen adopted. In this case, one additional indicator, traffic volume which significantly contribute tothe urgency of upgrading/rehabilitation roadshas been considered. Different indicators and the scoreassigned to each of them in accordance with their importance in transport sector are given in table2.3.

Table: 2.3 Scoring System for Prioritization fo r Upgrading/Rehabilitation

S.N. Criteria Scoring Unit Score

1 Population (Within the Zone of influences) Population/Km 30

2 Cultivated Land (Within the Zone of influences) Hectare / Km 20

3 Traffic Volume Traffic Unit (TU) 20

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReportMP = Marginalized population (total dalit + marginalized janajatis + total minority + total poor

from other caste)

DG = Distance gained

RT = River Type (no. of months fordable without a bridge)RF = Risk Factor (Percent of population who have died within the last five year.

On the basis of above criteria, the transport linkages under different categories of each class of

roads are prioritized.

2.10 Preparation of Five Year Distric t Transport Master Plan (DTMP)

Following steps are considered to prepare the DTMP.

The DTPP is used as the primary documents based on which the District Transport MasterPlan is prepared.

The available financial resource of the district for and spent on rural transportation sectorwas assessed from past trend and forecasted the budget in the basis of this for comingyears. Moreover, the tentative budget plan for coming five years was prepared inconsultation with DDC.

The interventions and road linkages identified in the DTPP were prioritised then selectedhigh scored roads for coming five years plan whatever the budget sufficiency.

Final workshop was organized at the DDC where the prioritisation of roads was approved.

2.11 Endorsement of the Five Year DTMP of Distric t RTI Network

DDC should submit the final District Transport Master Plan to District Council for approval. DTICC

with support of planning team, will brief to the Council on the entire process of preparation of DTMP

including scoring system for prioritization. The DTMP is finally approved by the District Council.

2.12 Complementary Activit ies in the district for DTMP

I li ith th h ti d b i t ti d i t ti k h d ti

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CHAPTERIII:INDICATIVEDEVELOPMENTPOTENTIALMAP(IDPM)

3.1 Physical Location and Geographical Characterist ics

Saptari is a Terai district of Nepal. This district is located at the south border of Sagarmatha zone.Most parts of the district are accessible to road networks and transport facility is available nearly theentire district. The district is surrounded by Udaypur district at north, Siraha district at west, Sunsaridistrict at east and Indian State of Bihar at south. The district encompasses 1363 sq. Km. almostplain area (CBS).

There are 29 Rivers and 85 Streams/Kholas. Some major rivers are; Saptakoshi, Triyuga andBalan. Topographically, Saptari district entails 26 25' 26 47 latitude and 86 28' - 86 58longitudes. The climate of the district varies from Terai plain to Siwalik range.

Saptari district has the subtropical climate. So it will be very hot in the summer and very cold in thewinter. The maximum temperature rises up to 46.11 degree Celsius and falls down as low as 7.22degree Celsius. The rainfall is mainly due to the southern-eastern monsoon. The monsoon,generally starts from the mid of June and ends by the mid of October. More than 80% of the annualrainfall takes place between June and September. The average annual rainfall, generally, variesfrom 1588.9 mm to 2096.3 mm.

Saptari district is well known for religious, historical and tourism. Many places are religious,historical importance. Chhinamasta Temple and Kankalini Temple are the most famous temples ofthe district.

Geopolitically, the district is administratively divided into 5 Electoral constituencies 17 Illakas whichconsist of 114 VDCs and one municipality. Each VDC is divided into 9 Wards. Saptari district hascontained highest numbers of VDCs among all 75 districts in Nepal.

3.2 Socio-economic Characteristics

3.2.1 PopulationA di t th N ti l l ti 2011 j ti th t t l l ti f th S t i

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReportTable 3.2: Population in Saptari Dist rict

S.N. Village DevelopmentCommittee

Population Total No. of HouseholdTotal Female Male

1 Amaha 4617 2232 2385 819

2 Aurahi 4579 2247 2332 914

3 Badgama 4061 1979 2082 714

4 Bairawa 3920 1926 1994 665

5 Bakdhauwa 7730 3811 3919 1367

6 Bamangamakatti 6967 3433 3534 1177

7 Banainiya 4025 1999 2026 614

8 Banarghula 4541 2383 2158 798

9 Banaula 3392 1684 1708 542

10 Banauli 5237 2573 2664 892

11 Baramajhiya 4476 2191 2285 807

12 Barsain (Ko.) 4987 2425 2562 801

13 Basbalpur 2995 1588 1407 545

14 Basbiti 3626 1802 1824 619

15 Bathanaha 4403 2147 2256 795

16 Belhi 3954 1952 2002 649

17 Belhichapena 5554 2769 2785 882

18 Bhagawatpur 4229 2099 2130 1058

19 Bhangaha 4526 2251 2275 933

20 Bhardaha 6434 3102 3332 1008

21 Bhutahi 3572 1735 1837 636

22 Birpur Barahi 6189 3035 3145 1018

23 Bishahariya 6996 3356 3640 1169

24 Bodebarsaien 4967 2386 2581 727

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48 Inarwa 2316 1128 1188 496

49 Inarwa Fulpariya 5535 2743 2792 85050 Itahari Bishnupur 5210 2541 2669 907

51 Jagatpur 4646 2251 2395 756

52 Jamunimadhepura 6424 3107 3317 1107

53 Jandaul 4289 2159 2130 715

54 Jhutaki 3548 1720 1828 568

55 Joginiya 1 3456 1727 1729 673

56 Joginiya 2 3993 1998 1995 767

57 Kabilash 3824 1902 1922 66758 Kachan 4063 2023 2040 666

59 Kalyanpur 7825 3797 4028 1268

60 Kamalpur 4820 2344 2476 824

61 Kanchanpur 6007 2853 3154 1068

62 Kataiya 4791 2342 2449 839

63 Khadgapur 3843 1868 1975 706

64 Khojpur 4665 2284 2381 833

65 Khoksarparbaha 3775 1880 1895 67966 Ko. Madhepura 4488 2146 2342 807

67 Kochabakhari 5374 2584 2790 1104

68 Koiladi 4364 2065 2299 1065

69 Kushaha 6058 3064 2994 961

70 Lalapati 4771 2308 2463 774

71 Launiya 2960 1426 1534 630

72 Lohajara 5323 2608 2715 944

3 M dh 4 90 2406 2384 881

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96 Parsabani 5604 2779 2825 1035

97 Rajbiraj N. P. 30353 14154 16199 544598 Ramnagar 2188 1115 1073 348

99 Rampuramalhaniya 6165 2913 3252 1150

100 Rampurjamuwa 3635 1856 1779 629

101 Rautahat 2364 1163 1201 520

102 Rayapur 9573 4649 4920 1631

103 Rupnagar 5070 2603 2467 957

104 Sambhunath 6275 3191 3084 1116

105 Sankarpura 4278 2038 2240 761106 Saraswor 4739 2321 2418 741

107 Simara Sigiyoun 4487 2159 2328 768

108 Siswa Beihi 5762 2809 2953 1265

109 Sitapur 4177 2050 2127 736

110 Tarahi 4156 2088 2068 762

111 Terahota 4490 2184 2306 806

112 Theliya 5850 2868 2982 1001

113 Tikuliya 3079 1431 1648 564114 Tilathi 3679 1734 1945 709

115 Trikola 4065 1942 2123 794

116 Institutional 470 28 442 7

Total 570282 278873 291409 101141

Source: VDC Profile of Nepal, 2008

3.2.2 Religion, Festivals and Caste

Different ethnic caste is found in Saptari district. Majorities are Yadav and followed by Tharu,

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReportTable 3.4: Economically active and inactive population:

Status Total Male Female

Economically Active 2,29,255 1,48,803 80,452

Economically Inactive 1,83,530 61,853 1,21,677

Total 4,12,785 2,10,656 2,02,129

Source: CBS, 2001

3.2.5 Occupation Pattern

Major occupation in the district is agriculture. But this has shifted with high youth force migration due

to social conflict and unemployment problem. About 65.6% of people are being involved in

agriculture as subsistence livelihood and 34.4% in service and others as shown in following table.

Table 3.5: Occupation Pattern

SN Occupation Percentage

1 Agriculture 65.60%

2 Service/Other 34.40%

Total 100%

Source: DDC Profile 2008

3.2.6 Land Use PatternThe district has 128,376 (Ha) total lands out of which 36,123 (Ha) is forest land, 67,812 (Ha)

cultivated land, 2455 (Ha) pasture land and 21,986 (Ha) others. The topographical distribution of

land is shown in the following table.

Table 3.6: Land Use Pattern of Dis trict

SN Land Use Area (ha) Remarks

1 Mixed hardwood forest 14022

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReportTable 3.7: Major c rops and their production

Crops Area (HA) Product ion(MT)Productivity Per

Hectare(MT)

Paddy 72650 150013 2.06Wheat 12000 21600 1.80

Maize 4000 12000 3.0

Millet 300 300 1.0

Oilseed 5500 2750 0.50

Potato 5550 88245 16.0

Sugarcane 60 2500 41.66

Green Vegetable 12320 116770 9.47

Fruits 897 9167 10.21

Jute 200 300 1.50

Source: Annual Report, DADO, Saptari, 2068

3.2.7.2 Cropping pattern and cropping calendar

Major crops of this district are paddy, wheat, maize, oilseed, potato and vegetable. Cereal crops aresoybean, peas, gram and bean. Vegetable are radish, cauliflower, cabbage, pumpkin and potatoetc. Fruits are banana, mango, lemon, guava etc. Vegetable seeds are soybean, radish, carrot,

cucumber, tomato, cauliflower. Cash crops are potato, fresh vegetable, jute and sugarcane. Detailcropping pattern with calendar of district is shown below.

Table 3.8: Cropping Calendar:

SN CropsTime of

Sowing/TransplantingTime of Harvesting

1 Paddy (Chaite) April/May July/August

2 Paddy (Barse) June/July Oct/Nov

3 Maize March/April July/August

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReport3.2.7.4 Exist ing/ Potential Horticulture

Most of the land of the district is formed of fertile soil with plain area which is suitable for variouskinds of fruits due to suitable climate. Existing and potential area for horticulture pocket areas are

shown in following table 3.10.

Table 3.10: Potential Area with Extensive Horticulture

S/N Crops Potential Pocket Area/VDCs

1 Papiya All over district

2 MangoKanchanpur, Dharmapur, Rupnagar, Jagatpur, Ghoghanpur,Sitapur, Bakdhuwa, Kalyanpur, Kusaha, Mohanpur, Sambhunath,Theliya, Yayapur, Khoksar Prawaha

3 Lichi All over district

4 Gauva All over district

5 Rukh Katar All over district

6 Banana All over district

Source: Annual Report, DADO, 2066/67

3.2.7.5 Existing/ Potential Cash Crops

Existing and potential area for high value crops pocket areas are shown in following table.

Table 3.11: Potential Area with Extensive Cash Crops

SN Crops Potential Pocket Area/VDCs

1 Fisheries Lalapatti, Chhinnamasta, Koiladi, Divan, Aurahi, Bodebarsain, Ja. Madhepura

2 Fresh Vegetable Patthargadha, Kanakpatti, Kushaha, Malet, Pipara Parba, Sambhunath

3 Potato Chhinnamasta, Badgawa,Rampur, Malhaniya,Kochabakhadi

4 Honey Mahuli, Kanchanpur, Bhagani Maleth, Ghoghanpur, Theliya

5 Jute, Sugarcane Kanchanpur, Kochabakhari, Kadorbana,pato

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReportTable 3.13: Livestock Production

S.N. Livestock Products Unit Annual Production

1 Milk MT 25407

2 Meat MT 3689

3 Egg (Hen) Thousand 10471

4 Wool Kg 1358

5 Fish Kg 2504500

Source: District Profile of Nepal, 2008

3.2.8.1 Livestock Potential Area

Potential areas for livestock production are shown in following table.

Table 3.14: Livestock Potential Area

SN Livestock Potential Pocket Area/VDCs

1 Buffalo Farming Kochabakhari, Lalapatti, Banauli, Pato, Malhaniya, Aauri, Farsait, Bishaiya,

2Goat Farming Bakdhuwa, Sitapur, Khoksar, Prawaha, Malekpur, Fattepur, Jandaul,

Kalyanpur, Kadarbona, Banauli, Dharmapur, Kanchanpur, Kamalpur,Dighawa, Tarahi, Bhutahi

3 Poultry Farming Rajbiraj, Hardiya, Fattepur, Sitapur, Haripur, Maleth, Kanchanpur, Kalyanpur

4 Cow FarmingJogiyniya, Bakdhuwa, Sitapur, Kalyanpur, Rupnagar, Ra. Bi., Fattepur,Nargho, Chhinnamasta

Source: District Veterinary office, Saptari, 2068

3.3 Service Centers and Facili ties

As per the data/information regarding the service centres and facilities available in the district,the government, non-government and INGOs and public/private institutions are established whoare continuously providing their services to the people. Details of service centres and their

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReportTable 3.16: List of Access to Telephone Facilities

SN Type Number Access/VDCs

1 PSTN Telephone 3300 Municipality and 6 VDCs

2 Mobile (GSM Prepaid, Postpaidm CDMA) 50000 114 VDCs3 ISPN Service provider 2 Rajbiraj

4 Cable operator 4 1730 customers

Source: Nepal Telecom, Saptari

3.3.3 Financial Institut ion / Co-operatives

Many Banking and financial institution are established in the district. Among them, Rastriya BanijayaBank, Nepal Bank Limited and Agriculture Development Bank are the government institution.Likewise, more than 11 Development Banks and above 452 cooperatives i.e saving credit,

Agriculture, Dairy, Health, Multipurpose etc are also functioning in the district.

Table 3.17: Financial Institution /Co-operatives

S.No. Description Nos

A. Development Banks 11

1 Agriculture Development Bank, Regional Office, Rajbiraj

2 Agriculture Development Bank, Branch Office, Rajbiraj

3 Agriculture Development Bank, Banking Office, Rajbiraj

4 Agriculture Development Bank, Sub-Branch Office, Bodebarsain

5 Agriculture Development Bank, Sub-Branch Office, Kalyanpur

6 Agriculture Development Bank, Sub-Branch Office, Kanchanpur

7 Agriculture Development Bank, Sub-Branch Office, Hanuman nagar

8 Agriculture Development Bank, (Sana Kishan), Sakhada

9 Gramin Bikash Bank, Rajibiraj

10 Gramin Bikash Bank, Kanjanpur

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReportTable 3.18: Agriculture Service Center/Agriculture Sub-Center

SN Agriculture Service/Agricul ture Sub-Center Located Place/VDCsInfluence

VDCs

1 Agriculture Service Center Kanchanpur 26 VDCs2 Agriculture Service Center Kochabakhari 11VDCs

3 Agriculture Service Center Pato 15 VDCs

4 Agriculture Service Center Bode Barsain 15 VDCs

5 Agriculture Service Center Kadarbona 12 VDCs

6 Agriculture Service Contact Place Topa 8 VDCs

7 Agriculture Service Contact Place Hanumannagar 8 VDCs

8 Agriculture Service Contact Place Malekpur 7 VDCs

9 Agriculture Service Contact Place Rupani 6 VDCs

10 Agriculture Service Contact Place Kalyanpur 7 VDCs

Source: Annual Report, DADO, Saptari, 2067/2068

3.3.5 Veterinary Service Centre

The district has one district veterinary office at Rajbiraj, 5 service centres and 13 sub-servicecentres at different VDCs. Existing location of the veterinary service and sub-service centres andtheir influence VDCs are shown below in table 3.19.

Table 3.19: Veterinary Service Centre/Sub-Service CenterSN Agriculture Service /Agricu lture Sub-Center Located Place/VDCs Influence VDCs

1 Livestock Service Center Kanchanpur 6 VDCs

2 Livestock Service Center Bathnaha 6 VDCs

3 Livestock Service Center Kochabakhari 5 VDCs

4 Livestock Service Center Pato 8 VDCs

5 Livestock Service Center Kadarbona 9 VDCs

6 Livestock Service Sub-Center Madhawapur 3 VDCs

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReport3.3.7 Health

In Saptari district, access to health facilities is in all VDCs. There is one Zonal Hospital and one

private hospital is in district headquarters, 4 Primary Health Center, 3 Ayurvedik Ausadhalaya, 9

Health posts, 103 Sub-Health Post(s).

Health service is the prime services for the district. The health institutions and facilities available in

the district are given in detail below.

Table 3.21: Health Service Centers

Source: District Profile, Saptari

3.3.8 Existing/Potential Area for Cottage and Agro based Industries

The district has total Registered Industries of 1735, Commercial Enterprises 1450 and Small

Cottage Industries 702. The existing Small Cottage and Commercial enterprises in district are given

below:

Table 3.22: Small Cottage and Agro-based Indust ries

SN Industries Number

1 Registered Total Industries 1735

2 Commercial Enterprises 1450

SN Type of Health Centres Number Location

1 Zonal Hospital 1 Rajbiraj

2 Private Hospital 1 Rajbiraj3 Primary Health Center | 4

4 Ayurbedic centre 3 Rajbiraj, Lalapur, Dharmapatti

5 Health Post 9

6 Sub-Health Post 104

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReportSN VDC/Place Descri ptions Significance

15 Dadha Baliya Math Religious/Historical

16 Kataiya Dinabhadri temple Religious/Historical

17 Muhali Kisanaram Marauti Historical/ Tourism

18 Praswani Kajara Thakur Religious /Historical/ Tourism

19 Kamalpur Manjurani Khata Religious /Historical/ Tourism

20 Rautahat Pokhari Religious /Historical/ Tourism

21 Hariharpur Boudha Stupa Religious /Historical

22Rupni, Lalapatti, Sarasar,Kalyanpur, Kushha, Tikuliya,Chaunara, Pakari

Masjid Religious /Historical

Source: Ilaka Level Workshop, 2068, and DDC Profile

3.5 Market Centers

According to the study of relevant literature / reports, consultation with related program/ project,

consultation of the various person and field visit, total 64 possible market centres were considered

for analysis. After required data collection and analysis of collected information according to interim

guideline of DTMP, market centres are graded as A, B and C. Other potential market centres were

identified as existing market centres.

Table 3.24: Market Centers in the Saptari Dist rict

S.N. Name of Market Center VDC Grade Remarks

1 Rajbiraj Rajbiraj A

2 Kanchanpur Kanchanpur A

3 Phattepur Phattepur A

4 Hanuman Nagar Hanuman Nagar A

5 Bode Barshain Bode Barshain A

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReportS.N. Name of Market Center VDC Grade Remarks

29 Malekhpur Malekhpur C

30 Itahari Bishnupur Itahari Bishnupur C

31 Negada Negada C32 Arnaha Arnaha C

33 Daulatpur Daulatpur C

34 Rautahat Rautahat P

35 Thelia Thelia P

36 Banauli Diman P

37 Maleth Maleth P

38 Kataiya Kataiya P

39 Jamuni Madhepura Jamuni Madhepura P

40 Tirahauta Tirahauta P

41 Kamalpur Hardia P

42 Bathnaha Bathnaha P

43 Baniniya Baniniya P

44 Diman Diman P

45 Bishahariya Bishahariya P

46 Bhagwatpur Bhagwatpur P

47 Tilathi Tilathi P

48 Fhakira Fhakira P

49 Hardia Hardia P

50 Rampura Malhania Rampura Malhania P

51 Rampur Jamuwa Rampur Jamuwa P

52 Rupnagar Rupnagar P

53 Joginia 2 Joginia 2 P

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReportgovernment offices with zonal hospital. Electricity is available for domestic and industrial purposesand telephone is also available.

Kanchanpur

It is very close to the East West Highway connecting with blacktopped road. It is centrally locatedamong four VDCs. Kanchanpur is highly potential center for agro-based industries and fruit relatedcottage industries. There is 4 primary, one private high school, one commercial bank, one primaryhealth center, agricultural bank, rural bank, agriculture and veterinary service center. One HealthPost is located here for health facility. Electricity is also available for domestic and industrialpurpose. One tourism place is also located here. Telephone facility is also available.

Phattepur

Phattepur growth center is located near Triyuga River and the head work of the Chandra Canal lies

here. It is connected to East West Highway by 13 km blacktopped road diverges from Kanchanpur.It is centrally located among two VDCs. It is highly potential for agro-based industries. There arethree primary, three private, one lower secondary, two high schools, one agriculture service centerand one commercial bank. Electricity and telephone facilities are also available.

Hanuman Nagar

Hanuman Nagar Market center is situated near Koshi River and is connected to the East WestHighway with Rajbiraj-Hanumannagar-Bhardaha road. It is centrally located among four VDCs. Thecenter is highly potential for agro-based industries and poultry farming. There are four primary

school, one high school, two private schools, one health post and one commercial bank. Electricityand telephone are also available at this center.

Bode-Barsain

It is connected with 10 km long graveled road to the East West Highway. It is centrally locatedamong 4 VDCs. It is highly potential for agro-based industries. There is five primary schools, onehigh school, one health post, one agricultural bank; one agriculture and veterinary service sub-center are located here. Telephone and electricity facility is available here.

Kalyanpur

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReportPortaha

It is located along the Mahendra Rajmarg. It is centrally located among 4 VDCs. it is highly potentialfor agro-based industries. There are three primary schools and one higher secondary school. A

health post is located here. Telephone and Electricity facility is available here. Other veterinary andagriculture facilities are also available here.

Mohanpur

Mohanpur growth center is located near the East West Highway. It is centrally located between twoVDCs. It is potential for agro-based industries. There are three primary schools and one highschool. Telephone and electricity is also available here. Other facilities like household goods,restaurant and hardware also located there. Cooperatives, agriculture and veterinary services areavailable here.

Mahuli Bazar, Bakdhuwa

Mahuli Bazar growth center is located in Bakdhuwa VDC and is located along the East WestHighway. It is centrally located among 3 VDCs. It is highly potential for agro-based industries. Thereare four primary, one lower secondary school, agriculture and veterinary service centers. Electricityand telephone facilities are also available here. Furthermore, some cooperatives are also activatinghere for financial transaction.

Rupani, Rayapur

Rupani growth center is located in Rayapur VDC within the East West Highway. It is centrallylocated among two VDCs. Rupani is highly potential center for agro-based industries and poultryfarming. There are one primary school, agriculture and veterinary service sub-centers located here.Electricity, telephone is also available for domestic and industrial purpose. Cooperatives and someNGOs are also working here.

Chhinnamasta

Chhinnamasta growth center is connected with 9 km long graveled road to the district head-quarter.It is highly potential for agro-based industries, religious and tourism. Many temple and one tourismplace is also located here. Other facilities like; seven primary, one high schools and one Sub-health

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReportservice centre and bank and cooperatives are located here.

Kaderbona

Kaderbona Market center is located at Kusaha VDC along the East West Highway. It is centrally

located among four VDCs. It is highly potential center for agro-based industries related to high valuecash crops. There are two primary, one lower secondary school, one health post, agriculture andveterinary service centers. Electricity and telephone facilities are also available here.

Bhardaha

It is located along the East West Highway at Bhardaha VDC. It is centrally located among twoVDCs. It is highly potential center for agro-based industries related to high value cash crops. Thereare three primary, one high school, one Sub-health post, agriculture and veterinary service centers.Electricity and telephone are also available.

3.6.3 Descriptions of Market Centre Grade C

Nargho

Nargho growth center is connected with 8 km long earthen the Siraha road and located at NarghoVDC. It is centrally located between 2 VDCs. It is potential for agro-based industries. There is sixprimary (including private), one lower secondary school with one sub-health post, one commercialbank and agriculture and veterinary service center. Electricity and telephone facilities are alsoavailable here.

Pathargada

It is located at Pathargada VDCand linked with8 km long earthen road to the district head-quarter.It is centrally located among 4 VDCs. It is potential for agro-based industries. There is two primary,one high school and one sub-health post. Agriculture and veterinary service center are also placedhere. Electricity and telephone facility is also available here.

Shambhunath

It is located near the East West Highway. It is centrally located between 2 VDCs. It is potential for

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReportKataiya

It is located at Kataiya VDC and link with 5 km long earthen road from the East West Highway. It ispotential for agro-based cottage industries. Sub-health post and one primary and one lower

secondary school are located here. Electricity and telephone are available at this market center.Jamuni Madhepura

It is located at Jamuni Madhepuraand linkednear the Siraha road and is connected from the districthead quarter with 3 km long graveled road. It may be potential for agro-based industry. There areseven primary schools including private sector, one lower secondary school. Sub-health post andelectricity and telephone facility is also available here.

Tirahauta

It is linked with the East West Highway located at Tirahauta VDC. It is potential for agro-basedindustries. Two primary and a higher secondary schools are located here. Sub-health post andElectricity plus telephone facility is available.

Kamalpur

Kamalpur growth center is located at Hardiya VDC and linked near Kanchanpur-Phattepur road. It ispotential center for agro-based industries. There are two primary, one lower secondary schools andhealth facilities are available here. Electricity and telephone are also available.

Bathnaha

It is located at Bathnaha VDC and linked with the Koshi Canal road. It will be potential for agro-based industries. There are four primaries, one lower secondary; one high schools, one health post,one agriculture and veterinary facilities are accessible here. Electricity and telephone is alsoavailable.

Baniniya

Baniniya growth center is located at Baniniya VDC connected with 9km long earthen road to theSiraha road. It is potential for agro-based industries. There is one primary and two lower secondaryschools. Sub-health post is also situated here.

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReportHardia

It is located at Hardiya VDC and connected with the Kadmaha-Gaighat road. It is potential for agro-based industries. There is seven primary schools including private boarding. Sub-health post and

electricity and telephone facility is also available here.Rampura Malhaniya

It is located along the Rajbiraj-Kunauli-Hanuman Nagar road (black topped) and located at RampuraMalhaniya VDC. It is potential for agro-based industries. There are four primaries and one lowersecondary school. Health facilities, electricity and telephone facility is also available here is alsoavailable

Rampura Jamuwa

It is located at Rampura Jamuwa and linked near the East West Highway. It is centrally locatedbetween two VDCs. It is potential for agro-based industries. There is one primary and one lowersecondary school. Health facilities, electricity and telephone facility is also available here is alsoavailable

Rupnagar

It is near the East West Highway located. It is centrally located between two VDCs. It is potential foragro-based industries. One primary, one secondary school and one Sub-Health Post are locatedthere.

Joginia 2

It is located at Joginia 2 and linkednear the East West Highway. It is centrally located between twoVDCs. It is potential for agro-based industries. There are five primary schools including privateboarding. Health facility and electricity and telephone are available here.

Gamhariya Parwaha

It is located at Gamhariya Parwaha and connected with 3 km long Siraha road. It is centrally locatedbetween two VDCs. It will be potential for agro-based industries. There are five primary includingprivate schools. Health, Telephone and Electricity is available here.

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReportSimarah Singion

It is connected with 2 km earthen road to the Siraha road (graveled) and located atSimarah SingionVDC. It is centrally located among 2 VDCs. It is potential for agro-based and other farmed based

industries. There are one primary, one lower secondary and one secondary school, agriculture andveterinary service sub-center and health facilities is also available here.

Joginia 1

It is located at Joginia 1 VDCnear the East West Highway. It is centrally located between 2 VDCs. Itis potential for agro-based industries. There are three primary schools. Health, communication andelectricity facilities are available here.

Mainakaderi

It is located at Mainakaderi VDC and linked near the Koshi Canal road. It is centrally located among4 VDCs. It may be potential for agro-based industries. There is one primary and one high school.Electricity and telephone are also available here.

Bansbitti

It is located at Bansbitti VDC and linked near the Rupani Rajbiraj road. It may be potential for agro-based industry. There is one primary and one lower secondary school. Electricity, telephone andhealth facilities are available here.

Saraswar

Pansera growth center is located at Saraswar VDC and linked near by East West Highway and iscentrally located between two VDCs. It is potential for agro-based industries. There is one primaryschool. Electricity is available. Other health and necessary facility are also available here.

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CHAPTERIV:DISTRICTINVENTORYMAPOFRURALROADNETWORK

4.1 Existing Transport Situation

Saptari district has no air transport service to complement the surface transport facilities. Inner andinter district mobility and as such the development activities fully depend on expansion of rural roadnetwork within the district. In Saptari district, the existing transport system constitutes the strategicroads (highways and feeder road), district and village roads, and trail bridges. Strategic roads withinthe district are all weather and play vital role in the overall transportation system of the district. Listof strategic roads is given in table 4.1.

There are numerous district and village roads. From the field study, it has been observed that mostof them are in fair weather condition. Most of these roads have been constructed on an adhoc basiswithout proper planning and engineering design. In the present work, detailed study of these roadshave been made and prioritized to their contribution to enhance the rural transport network systemof the district.

The study team has found Saptari district in a relatively better transport situation. This district has aneasy surface transport connection with major market and commercial cities namely Itahari,Biratnagar in the east, Lahan in the west. However, most of the rural roads are in poor condition andneed to be improved /upgraded for safe and reliable journey.

Prime objective of the present study is to prepare a master plan of rural transport network of thedistrict. Consultant has therefore, focused mainly on the detailed study of district and village roadsas described in the subsequent sections. Strategic roads are only shown to show the relativelinkages to the rural roads.

Table 4.1 List o f National Highway/Feeder Roads

SN Highway/Feeder road Total Length (KM)

A Highway

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari4.3.1 Summary of Distric t Roads ATable 4.2: Summary of District Roads A

Roadcode

Road nameTotal

length(Km)

Totalexistinglength(Km)

Road length by pavementtype (blacktopped/gravel

/earthen)

Surface condition(good/fair/poor) (Km)

Serviceaweath

weathe

Blacktop

Gravel Earthen Good Fair PoorAl l

weather

15A001RKalyanpur(Bishanpur) -Bode Barsain -Soranpatti

19.0 19.0 13.00 6.00 13.00 6.00 13.00

15A002R Jandaul-Kushaha 24.315 24.315 6.70 17.615 6.70 17.615 6.70

15A003RRupani -Kataiya-Malekpur-Phakira- Chhinmasta -Lalapatti-Lokram

30.2 30.2 3.50 26.70 3.50 26.70 3.50

15A004R Kusaha-Belhi 17.0 17.0 13.00 4.0 13.00 4.0 13.00

15A005RKharchuhiya-Phulkahi-Kachan-Deuri

17.0 17.0 10.00 7.00 10.00 7.00 10.00

15A006RMahuli - Lohajara Hanumannagar

18.12 18.12 11.0 7.12 11.0 7.12 11.0

15A007RKalyanpur Inaruwa-Phulbariya-Banauli-Kushaha Custom

30.0 30.0 3.50 26.5 3.50 26.5 3.50

15A008RRajbiraj-Sakhada-Gobindapur Neaur Boder

13.0 13.0 7.2 5.8 0 7.2 5.8 0 13.0

15A009RRajbiraj - Patthargarhacanal - Balan River (Pumpcanal service road)

29.0 29.0 9.0 20.0 9.0 20.0 9.0

15A010RRupnagar-Kanchanpur-Pathari-Pademara

9.25 9.25 3.50 5.75 3.50 5.75 3.50

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReport4.3.2 Briefs on District Roads A

Study and analysis shows that Saptari district has 12 existing district roads and one new road underclass A. Most of the district roads have earthen surface restricting their operations in only fairweather. Moreover, construction quality of the road is poor and has to be upgraded to all weather

roads to increase accessibility of the people and improve overall transport situation of the district.Different roads need different type of interventions as given in summary table above. The briefs onindividual district roads are given below:

Kalyanpur (Bishanpur) - Bode Barsain - Deuri - Soranpatt i (15A001R)

This road starts from Bishanpur and it passes throughBishanpur, Bhadiya, Negda, Gaura, Bode-Barsain, Haithi, Manraja, Bagbira, Khadakpur, Simaraha, Deuri, and ends at Soranpatti. It providesdirect transport services to Kalyanpur, Negda, Sarshwar, Bode-Barsain, Manraja, Khadakpur &Deuri VDCs. This road also serves to different market centres like Bishanpur, Bode- Barsain,

Manraja & Soranpatti. Total length of this road is 19 km in which 13 km is gravel and 6 km isearthen fair weather and needs upgrading. After its rehabilitation the road will be an importantdistrict road of Saptari and it connects the important market center Deuri and Bode-Barshain toNational highway.

Jandaul-Kushaha (15A002R)

This road starts from Jandaul of Saptari and passes through Bakdhuwa, Babhangama, Katti, Ko-Madhepura, Koiladi, Ko-Barsain and ends at Kushaha VDC. It provides direct transport service toJandaul, Bakdhuwa, Prasbani, Bhagwatpur, Bathnaha, Babhangama, Katti, Ko-Madhepura, Koiladi

and Ko-Barsain VDCs. This road also serves to different market centres like Jandaul, Mansapur andKoiladi. Total length of this road up to Kushaha is 24.315 km which is pliable for fair weather andneeds upgrading.

Rupani Kataiya-Malekpur-Phakira-Chhinnamasta-Lalapatti Lokram(15A003R)

This road starts from Rupani and passes through Raipur, Harirawa, Kataiya, Hardiya, Malekhpur,Simraha, Singion, Belha, Kankatta, Fakira, Mohanpur, Mahuwa, Sakhada, Lalapatti settlements andends at Lokaram. It provides direct transport service to Naktiraypur, Lataiya, Malekpur, Simaraha-Singion, Fakira, Chhinmasta and Lalapatti VDCs. This road serves different market centres like

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReportdistrict road of Saptari and will also be access roads to the market centre & link road to the NationalHighway.

Kalyanpur-Inaruwa -Banauli-Kushaha Custom (15A007R)

This road starts from Kalyanpur it passes through Kalyanpur, Tharutole, Lalpati, Inaruwa-Phoolbadiya, Lalpur, Banauli, Banaula, Bhutahi, Gobinpur, Tarahi, Laxmipur and ends at Kusaha. Itprovides direct transport services to Kalyanpur, Inuruwa-Phoolbariya, Nainasahasrabahu, Banauli,Banaula, Bhutahi and Tarahi VDCs. This road serves to different market centres like Kalyanpur,Inaruwa- Phoolbariya, Banauli, Tarahi and Kusaha. Existing 30 Km road has 3.5 km gravel and 26.5km earthen surface, which needs upgrading to have all weather service to people. Afterrehabilitation of the road it will be an important district road of Saptari because it links India boarderto East West Highway so that people of ZoI could have direct benefited.

Rajbiraj-Sakhada-Gobindapur neaur Border (15A008R)

This road starts from Rajbiraj and passes through Rajbiraj, Boriya, Katti, Itaharibishanpur,Kochabakhari, Sakhada and Govindpur. The road ends at Neaur. It provides direct transport serviceto Rajbiraj Municipality, Boriya, Itaharibishnapur, Kochabakhari, and Chhinmasta VDCs. This roadserves to different market centres like Rajbiraj, Boriya, Itaharibishanpur and Sakhada. Total lengthof this road is 13 km out of which 7.2 km length is all weather and remaining 5.8 km length is gravelwhich needs upgrade. After rehabilitation of this road it will connect tourism religious place likeChhinamasta Bhagwati to district headquarters, Rajbiraj.

Rajbiraj-Pathargarha canal-Balan River (15A009R)

This road starts from District headquarters, Rajbiraj and passes through different settlements andmarket centres like Kharsal tole, Jamuni-Madhepura, Khuruhuriya, Malekhpur, Pathargada, Mahuki,Bishahariya, Kusha, Ranjeetpur, Phulhara, Khamgada and Phoolkahi. The road ends at Rautahat.It provides direct transport service to Rajbiraj, Jamunimadhepura, Malekpur, Pathargada, Arnaha,Banaula, Manraja, Phoolkahi Rautahat, Mauwaha and Belhi VDCs. This road also serves todifferent market centres like Rajbiraj, Khuruhuriya, Pathargada, Kushaha, Phoolkahi, Rauthat, &Belhi. Total length of this road is about 29 km whereas 9 km is gravel and 20 km is earthenstandard. Vehicles can ply in fair weather thus road needs upgrading. After its completion the roadwill be an important district road of Saptari and also links to the district headquarters.

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari4.3.3 Summary of Distric t Roads BTable 4.3: Summary of District Roads B

Roadcode

Road nameTotal

length(Km)

Totalexistinglength(Km)

Road length by pavementtype (blacktopped/gravel

/earthen)

Surface condition(good/fair/poor) (Km)

Servicwea

weat

Blacktop

Gravel Earthen Good Fair PoorAl l

weathe

15B001RBode-Barsain - Kushmahar-Ramanagr

6.50 6.50 3.50 3.00 3.50 3.00 3.50

15B002R Kanchira - Lalapatti -KatonaSadak 10.50 10.50 0 10.50 0 10.50 0

15B003RBode Barsain- Malahania-Ramnagar

5.50 5.50 0 5.50 0 5.50 0

15B004R Kadarbona-Rautahat Road 18.67 18.67 4.50 14.17 4.50 14.17 4.50

15B005RLohajara - Mainakaderi -Portaha

10.12 10.12 5.00 5.12 5.00 5.12 5.00

15B006RHaripur-Pansera - PaterwaKhojpur

11.77 11.77 0 11.77 0 11.77 0

15B007R Simara-Barmajhiya-Malkore 9.00 9.00 4.00 5.00 4.00 5.00 4.00

15B008R Dhatibajar- Dubahi - Siswa 6.78 6.78 0 6.78 0 6.78 0

15B009R Deuri-Khadagpur - Pato 8.40 8.40 4.00 4.40 4.00 4.40 4.00

15B010R Gaura-Balanpatti Shehara 5.98 5.98 2.50 3.48 2.50 3.48 2.50

15B011RSiraha Road-Bishaharia- G.Parwaha - Chandra Nahar

7.87 7.87 0 7.87 0 7.87 0

15B012R Debdhar-Belha-Phulbariya 7.75 7.75 4.00 3.75 4.00 3.75 4.00

15B013R Rupni - Gaighat 24.00 10.00 10.00 0 10.00 0 10.00

15B014R Sakhubari-Kamalapur 7.12 7.12 2.00 5.12 2.00 5.12 2.00

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReport4.3.4 Briefs on District Roads Class B

Saptari district has 17 existing and 8 new roads under class B. Most of the district roads have earthensurface restricting their operations in only fair weather. Moreover, construction quality of the road ispoor and has to be upgraded to all weather roads to increase accessibility of the people and improve

overall transport situation of the district. Different roads need different type of interventions as given insummary table above. The briefs on individual district roads are given below.

Bode-Barsain Kushmahar Ramanagr (15B001R)

This road starts from Bode-Barshain. It passes through Bode-Barshain, Kushmahar, Phulkahi,Ramnagar, Khadakpur settlements. It provides direct transport service to Bode-Barshain, Sarshwar,Phulkahi and Ramnagar VDCs. Length of this road is 6.5 km fair weather condition which needsupgrading.

Kanchi ra - Lalapatti Katona sadak (15B002R)

This road starts from Kanchira and passes throughKanchira, Khojpur, Bhadiya, Bajrahiguthi, Lalpatti,Belha and ends at Rampur Jamuwa. It provides direct transport service to Banarjhula, Khojpur,Maina-Sahasrabahu, Inaruwa-phoolbariya, and Rampurjamuwa VDCs. This road serves to differentmarket centre like Banarjhula. Total length of this road up to Rampur-Jamuwa is about fair weather10.5 km which needs upgrading to transform all weather.

Bode Barsain - Malahania - Ramnagar (15B003R)

This road starts from Bode-Barshain. It passes throughBode-Barshain, Khamgada, Ramnagar and

ends at Kodarkatti settlements. It provides direct transport services to Bode-Barshain, Phoolkahi &Ramnagar VDCs. Total length of this road up to Phosretar Kodarkatti is about 5.5 km fair weathercondition which needs upgrading.

Kadarbona - Rautahat Road (15B004R)

This road starts from Kadarbona and passes throughKadarbona, Mahuliya, Aurha, Bhajaka, Rampur,Balanpatti, Kamaldaha and Rautahattinkoni. The road ends at Ramnagar. It provides direct transportservice to Kushaha, Malhanma, Paterba, Malahaniya, Rautahat and Ramnagar VDCs. This roadserves different market centre like Kadarbona, Rautahat and Kodarkatti. Total length of this road up

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReportDeuri - Khadagpur - Pato (15B009R)

This road starts from Soranpatti and passes throughTarahi, Bhutahi, Gobinpur and ends at Patobazaar where it links with Kathauna-Pato road. It provides direct transport service to Deuri, Tarahi,Bhutahi and Pato VDCs. Pato is a market centre, this road directly provides service. Total length of

this road up to Pato Bazar is 8.4 km whereas 4 km is gravel and 4.4 km is earthen.

Gaura - Balanpatti Shehara (15B010R)

This road starts from Gauda and passes throughGauda, Sarshwar, Mahanauri, Mdhuban, and endsat Shehara. It provides direct transport service to Sarshwar, Malahaniya and Rautahat VDCs. Totallength of this road up to Shehara is 5.98 km earthen surface.

Siraha Road Bishaharia - G. Parwaha ward no.4 - West canal (Chandra nahar) (15B011R)

This road starts from Bishariya and passes throughBishariya, Bhimpur, Chhatapjur, Dhantatole and

ends at Gamahariya-Parwaha. It provides direct transport service to Pathargada and Gamahariya-Parwaha VDCs. This road serves market centre like Bishariya. Total length of this road is 7.87 kmearthen standard.

Debdhar Belha - Phulbariya (15B012R)

This road starts from Debdhar and passes throughBhidiya, Pokhariya, Banauli, Lalpur and ends atPhulbadiya. It provides direct transport service to Bhangaha, Basabalpur and Inaruwa-PhulbadiyaVDCs. This road serves different market centres like Phulbadiya, and Debdhar. Total length of thisroad is 7.75 km whereas 4 km is gravel and 3.75 km is earthen surface which needs upgrade.

Rupni - Gaighat (15B013R)

This road starts from Rupani of Raypur VDC and passes throughRupani, Gaighat and ends atGaighat. It provides direct transport service to Raypur and Khoksar prabaha VDC. The road servesdifferent market centre like Rupani. The total length of this road up to Gaighat is 24 km whereas 10km is gravel standard road and lies in Saptari. After completion of the road it will connects Gaighat ofUdaypur district to East West Highway.

Sakhubari - Kamalapur (15B014R)

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReport4.4 List of Existing Trail Bridges

Table 4.4 Existing Trail Bridges

SN Name of Bridge Right bank Left bankName of

river/khola

Span

(m)1 Bhutan Pokhari Lalapatti-1 Kochabakhari-1 Bhaluwahi 32

2 Jita Sakardehi Rampura Malhaniya-7 Koiladi-5 Jita 32

3 Mahuwa Mohanpur Chhinnamasta-5 Chhinnamasta-7 Ghordaha 32

4 Bihul Kachan-7 Raninagar-5 Bihul 70

5 Triyuga Dovan Lalapatti-1 Lalapatti-2 Triyuga 80

6 Swarna Tarahi-1 Deuri-7 Swarna Dhara 100

7 Kupahi Kochabakhari-9 Chhinnamasta-9 Ghordaha 54

4.5 Construction Approach

It is recommended to adopt Labour based Environmental friendly and Participatory (LEP) approachpopularly known as green roads construction method. Green Road approach aims at reducingscarring by minimizing the amount of cut necessary and by balancing the amount of material cut withthe amount of fill required. Fill material is disposed off in layers tipping areas, adjacent to the roadson the valley side and were necessary dry stone retaining walls are used to retain this on the road aswell as in the tipping areas. Gabion structures are used for retaining structures over 3 meters high.Fill material is further protected by bioengineering and re-vegetation programs. In areas where largecut are unavoidable and it is uneconomical to transport the earth for long distance, surplus material isdisposed off over the valley side. However, dry stone check dams or breast walls are built at intervalsdown the slope to terrain this material.

Following are the main aspects of LEP/Green Road Approach.

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReportParticipatory Approach

All stakeholders in the district and local people are involved in the process of planning,implementation, monitoring and evaluation and maintenance and operation of roads. LEP approachcan only succeed if the local government and the people of the district feel a collective responsibility

of the construction and maintenance of the district and village roads. The people will only assume thisresponsibility if they are the main benefactors of the program, both in terms of income earned duringthe construction phase and user benefit during the operation phase. Locally based and electedofficials and organization is the best vehicle to represent the interests of local people and this isreflected in the user committees constituted using LEP approach.

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CHAPTERV:DISTRICTROADNETWORKPLANNING

Rural transportation provision is mainly to improve accessibility of the people to markets and services;

and promote economic activities through employment generation and marketing of local products. Incontext of Nepal, a fixed point system model is adopted for networking where junctions are confinedto a finite set of locations such as markets, historical/archeological locations.

5.1 Accessibilit y Situation

Saptari district is rich in road networks comprises 6 numbers of strategic roads, 12 numbers of classA district roads and 17 numbers of class-B district roads. According to DoR and DDC sources thereare 122.89 Km blacktopped, 47.5 km graveled and 25 km earthen strategic road, 251.69 Km class A

district road and 143.76 km class B district road scattered over the district. Road density is high insouthern part of district comparing to northern part demarcated by East West Highway. Northern partof East West Highway is almost covered by Chure forest and river bed. Being the districtheadquarters, Rajbiraj is located at almost centres of district and linked by Rupni-RajbirajKunauliFeeder road with East West Highway and other more feeder and district roads linked with DHQ.Population of middle and surrounding part of Saptari fully depends on Rajbiraj to receive higherdegree of function. But people of southern part and proximity of East West Highway have choice toget higher degree function either from India or Lahan of Siraha.

5.2 Zone of Influence AreaNational Transport Policy has considered 2 hrs walking distance as the zone of influence (ZoI) for theplain terrain. Mainly influencing factors such as a) existence of rivers and b) existence of rivercrossing facilities were used in determining the ZoI. The zone of influence area is determined by twoways concerning the road facility viz. all weather and fair weather service.

According to GIS analysis all 64 market centres have been covered by all weather as well as fairweather roads.

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReport5.4 Inaccessible Area

In Saptari district, large part of area and market centers is within accessible area. All existing/potentialmarket centres are linked by at least fair weather class B district roads. Few part of northern(Bakdhuwa, Bhangaha VDCs) and area covered by Koshi wildlife preservation of Saptari are

inaccessible to road network (ref map 3a and 3b). These areas have covered by Chure forest.

5.5 Delineation of Inaccessible Area

Excluding accessible area from the GIS model, all the remaining areas are delineated as inaccessiblearea. Just reverse to the accessible area 3%, population and 9% areas coverage are inaccessible tostrategic road head within ZoI. Similarly, 2% of the areas coverage and 7% population are out of ZoIfor all weather and district road network.

5.6 Network Planning in Inaccessible AreaWith the detail study of accessibility, network planning was carried out for further extension of roadnetwork in inaccessible areas in meeting the National Transport Policy. The road network is plannedbasically adopting two methods viz incremental and comprehensive. Increment method speciallydeals with inaccessible area beyond the 2 hrs walking distance from existing road network in terai.But the there is marginal inaccessible area in Saptari district, therefore incremental method is notapplicable. Thus new road network is planned by comprehensive method. In this method, roadnetwork are planned such that the identified market centers are connected as the nodal points.Similarly, during the planning, possible synchronization of road linkage with the abutting districts was

carried out. In this method, market centers are taken as a nodal point and tried to link those pointseach other. There is altogether 64 market centres categorized as class A, class B, Class C andpotential depends upon their functions and score. Almost market centres are linked with road networkin Saptari District. Some market centres are planned to link and expansion of road network isunderway for this purpose. There are 8 roads identified to link one market centre to other or link withadjacent border road network. In total 70 km of district road network has been planned connectingmarket centers and adjacent district border road network. Detail of each proposed road corridor isgiven in Table 5.3 below.

Table 5.3 New Proposed Roads as per Comprehensive method

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CHAPTERVI:DISTRICTTRANSPORTPERSPECTIVEPLAN(DTPP)

6.1 Perspective Plan of District Rural Road NetworksThe DTPP has perspective of 20 years. The DTPP is revised every five years when a new DTMP isbeing prepared according to the rolling plan system.

6.2 Existing Road Network System

As explained in District Inventory Map of Rural Transport Network, Chapter IV, Saptari districtconsists of highways, feeder road, district roads and village roads including trail bridges forpedestrian mobility. Strategic roads are all weather and in good condition. They have been referred to

show the linkages of other roads with them and as such they have not been considered in the presentplanning process.Rural roads are scattered throughout the district. Many of them are partially completed. Networkplanning thus requires construction of new road for incomplete ones and also the addition of newlinkages to connect inaccessible areas; maintenance and upgrading/ rehabilitation of existing roads.

6. 3 Priorit ization of Proposed New Roads

Prioritization of proposed new roads has been done as per the scoring system discussed in section2.9.

6.3.1 Prioritization of District Road A for New Linkage

Table 6.1 shows the priority list of proposed district roads class A for new construction. Detailed

calculation of scores for each parameter is shown in Annex II-A-1 to II-A-7.

Table 6.1: Priority Lis t of District Road A for New Linkage

ew

)

Parameter used for the prioritization ofroad corridors and their corresponding

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari

6.3.3 Prioriti zation of District Road B for New Linkage

Table 6.2 shows the priority list of proposed district roads class B for new construction. Detailed calculation of scores for each II-B-1 to II-B-7.

Table 6.2: Priority List of District Road B for New Linkage

SNRoad

codeName of Road

TotalLength(Km)

RequiredLe

ngthofNew

Construction

Parameter used for the prioritization of road corridors acorresponding scores

Populationp

erKm

(40)

Pop*Walk

ing

Hour/Km(15)

Cultivated

land

(Ha)/Km(15)

Population

(Dalit/Janaja

ti)/Km

(10)

LossofFo

rest

(Ha)/Km

(5)

Market/ser

vice

center(1

0)

1 15B018R Rupnagar-Kanchanpur-Jhankatta 6.0 6.0 39.35 15.00 12.50 10.00 3.89 10.00

2 15B019R Siswabelhi-Negda - Rajpur 9.0 9.0 40.00 9.14 14.50 8.89 3.18 5.07

3 15B020RDharmapur-Raghunathapur-Barmajhiya 10.0 10.0 28.74 10.95 15.00 6.93 2.33 5.12

4 15B021R Bhardaha-Dadha-Pakari 11.0 11.0 27.73 10.57 14.00 5.28 3.50 3.86

5 15B022R Madhubani-Kabilasha - Brahampur 9.0 9.0 23.78 13.59 12.50 5.28 2.69 2.10

6 15B023R Mahuki-Bhimpur D9 - G.Parwaha 9.0 9.0 17.27 5.92 15.00 4.39 5.00 3.15

7 15B013R Rupani - Gaighat 16.0 6.0 11.46 4.38 10.00 2.55 1.25 4.07

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DistrictTransportMasterPlan(DTMP):Saptari FinalReport6.3.4 Brief on Proposed Distric t Roads Class B for New Construction

Rupnagar - Kanchanpur - Jhankatta (15B018R)

This road starts from Rupnagar and pa