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PROGRAMMABLE SCIENTIFIC

CALCULATOR

OPERATION MANUAL

EL-5230EL-5250

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Introduction

Chapter 1:

Before You Get Started

Chapter 2:

General Information

Chapter 3:

Scientific Calculations

Chapter 4:

Statistical Calculations

Chapter 5:Equation Solvers

Chapter 6:

SHARP EL-52Programmable Scientifi

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ContentsIntroduction ..................................

Operational Notes .............................................

Key Notation in This Manual .............................

Chapter 1: Before You Get StartePreparing to Use the Calculator .......................

Resetting the calculator ............................

The Hard Case ..................................................

Calculator Layout and Display Symbols ...........

Operating Modes ..............................................

Selecting a mode ......................................

What you can do in each mode ................

A Quick Tour ......................................................

Turning the calculator on and off ..............

Entering and solving an expression ..........

Editing an expression ................................

Using variables ..........................................Using simulation calculations (ALGB) ......

Using the solver function ...........................

Other features ...........................................

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Setting the floating point numbers syste

Using Memories ............................................

Using alphabetic characters .................

Using global variables ...........................

Using local variables .............................

Using variables in an equation or a prog

Using the last answer memory .............

Global variable M ..................................

Using memory in each mode ................

Resetting the calculator ........................

Chapter 3: Scientific CalculatioNORMAL mode .............................................

Arithmetic operations ............................

Constant calculations ............................

Functions .......................................................

Math menu Functions ...................................

Differential/Integral Functions .......................

Differential function ...............................

Integral function .....................................

When performing integral calculations .

Random Function .........................................

Random numbers ..................................

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Solver Function .................................................

Entering and solving an equation .............

Changing the value of variables and editin

Solving an equation ..................................

Important notes .........................................

Simulation Calculation (ALGB) .........................

Entering an expression for simulation calc

Changing a value of variables and editing

Simulate an equation for different values .

Filing Equations ................................................

Saving an equation ...................................Loading and deleting an equation ............

Chapter 4: Statistical CalculationSingle-variable statistical calculation ........

Linear regression calculation ....................

Exponential regression, logarithmic regrespower regression, and inverse regression

Quadratic regression calculation ..............

Data Entry and Correction ................................

Data entry ..................................................

Data correction ..........................................

Statistical Calculation Formulas .......................

N l P b bilit C l l ti

Contents

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Entering the PROG mode .....................

Selecting the NORMAL program mode oprogram mode .......................................

Programming concept ...........................

Keys and display ...................................

Creating a NEW Program .............................

Creating a NEW program ......................

Use of variables .....................................

Programming Commands .............................

Input and display commands ................

Flow control ...........................................

Equalities and inequalities ....................

Statistical Commands ...................................

Editing a Program .........................................

Error Messages .............................................

Deleting Programs ........................................

Chapter 8: Application ExampleProgramming Examples ...............................

Some like it hot (Celsius-Fahrenheit con

The Heron Formula ...............................

2B or not 2B (N-base conversion) ........

T test ......................................................

A i l th t th h 3 i t

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Appendix .......................................Battery Replacement ........................................

Batteries used ...........................................

Notes on battery replacement ..................

When to replace the batteries ...................

Cautions ....................................................Replacement procedure ............................

Automatic power off function .....................

The OPTION menu ...........................................

The OPTION display .................................

Contrast .....................................................

Memory check ...........................................

Deleting equation files and programs .......

If an Abnormal Condition Occurs .....................

Error Messages .................................................

Using the Solver Function Effectively ...............

Newtons method .......................................

Dead end approximations ........................

Range of expected values.........................

Calculation accuracy .................................Changing the range of expected values ...

Equations that are difficult to solve ...........

Technical Data ..................................................

Contents

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IntroductionThank you for purchasing the SHARP Programma

Model EL-5230/5250.

After reading this manual, store it in a convenient

Unless the model is specified, all text and other

manual applies to both models (EL-5230 and E

Either of the models described in this manual m

some countries.

Screen examples shown in this manual may no

what is seen on the product. For instance, screethe symbols necessary for explanation of each

All company and/or product names are tradema

trademarks of their respective holders.

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Operational Notes

Do not carry the calculator around in your back po

when you sit down. The display is made of glass a

Keep the calculator away from extreme heat such

or near a heater, and avoid exposing it to excessiv

environments.

Since this product is not waterproof, do not use it for example water, can splash onto it. Raindrops,

steam, perspiration, etc. will also cause malfunctio

Clean with a soft, dry cloth. Do not use solvents o

Do not drop it or apply excessive force.

Never dispose of batteries in a fire.

Keep batteries out of the reach of children.

This product, including accessories, may change

prior notice.

NOTICE

SHARP strongly recommends that separate perecords be kept of all important data. Data ma

virtually any electronic memory product under

stances. Therefore, SHARP assumes no respo

or otherwise rendered unusable whether as a

repairs, defects, battery replacement, use afte

life has expired, or any other cause. SHARP will not be liable nor responsible for an

consequential economic or property damage

or malfunctions of this product and its periphe

li bili i k l d d b l

Introduction

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Key Notation in This Manual

In this manual, key operations are described as fo

To specify ex :@" ................

To specify In :i

To specify F :; F ......................

To specify d/c :@F ................

To specify ab/c:k

To specify H :; H......................

To specify i :Q .........................

Functions that are printed in orange above the

pressed first before the key.

When you specify the memory (printed in blue

; first.

Alpha-numeric characters for input are not shoalpha-numeric characters.

Functions that are printed in grey (gray) adjac

in specific modes.

Note:

To make the cursor easier to see in diagram

it is depicted as _ under the character thou

as a rectangular cursor on the display.

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Chapter 1

Before You Get St

Preparing to Use the Calculator

Before using your calculator for the first time, youcontrast.

Resetting the calculator

1. Press the RESET switch located on the

back of the calculator with the tip of a ball-point pen or similar object. Do not use an

object with a breakable or sharp tip.

If you do not see the message on the

right, the battery may be installed

incorrectly; refer to Battery Replacement

(See page 115.) and try installing it again.

2. Pressy.

The initial display of the NORMAL mode

appears.

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The Hard Case

Your calculator comes with a hard case to protect th

when the calculator is not in use.

Before using the calculator, remove the hard case a

as shown to avoid losing it.

When you are not using the calculator, slide the har

and display as shown.

Firmly slide the hard case all the way to the edge The quick reference card is located inside the har

Remove the hard case while holding with fingers

Chapter 1: Before You Get Started

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Cha

Calculator Layout and Display S

Calculator layout

3 Key operation

keys

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Display

During actual use, not all symbols are displayed a

Only the symbols required for the usage under ins

display and calculation examples of this manual.

: Indicates some contents are hidden in the

Press cursor keys to see the remaining (h

BUSY : Appears during the execution of a calcula

2ndF : Appears when@ is pressed.

xy/r : Indicates the mode of expression of result

calculation mode.

HYP : Indicates thatH has been pressed andare enabled. If@> are pressed, thappear, indicating that inverse hyperbolic

ALPHA: Appears when;,@a,x or

Mantissa

Dot matrixdisplay

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Operating Modes

This calculator has five operating modes to perfo

These modes are selected from the MODE key.

Selecting a mode

1. Pressb.

The menu display appears.

Pressd to display the next menupage.

2. Press0 to select the NORMAL mode.

In the menu display, press the assigned

number to choose or recall a selection.

What you can do in each mode

NORMAL mode:

Allow you to perform standard scientific calc

functions, N-base calculations, Solver functio

STAT (statistics) mode:

Allows you to perform statistical calculations

PROG ( ) d

Cha

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A Quick Tour

This section takes you on a quick tour covering the

arithmetic operations and also principal features like

Turning the calculator on and off

1. Pressj at the top right of the keypad

to turn the calculator on.

To conserve the batteries, the calculator

turns itself off automatically if it is not used

for several minutes.

2. Press@o to turn the calculator off.

Whenever you need to execute a function or co

in orange above a key, press@ followed by

Entering and solving an expression

Arithmetic expressions should be entered in the sam

normally be written in. To calculate the result of an ethe bottom right of the keypad; this has the same fu

on some calculators.

Example

Find the answer to the expression82 3 7 -10.5

1. 8Az@* 3-

7kS 10.5


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Editing an expression

After obtaining an answer, you can go back to anusing the cursor keys just as you can before thee

Example

Return to the last expression and change it

82

3 7

-10.51. Pressd orr to return to the

last expression.

The cursor is now at the beginning of

the expression (on 8 in this case).

Pressingu orl after obtainingan answer returns the cursor to the endof the last expression.

To make the cursor easier to see in diagra

it is depicted as _ under the character tho

as a rectangular cursor on the display.

2. Pressr four times to move thecursor to the point where you wish to

make a change.

The cursor has moved four places to the

right and is now flashing over 3.

3. Press@O . This changes the character entering mode

When@ is pressed the 2ndF symbol sof the display. If it does not, you have not p

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Using variables

You can use 27 variables (A-Z and ) in the NORMAstored as a variable can be recalled either by enteri

usingt.

Example 1

Store 23 to variable R.

1. Pressj 21 thenx.

j clears the display. ALPHA appears automatically when you

pressx. You can now enter anyalphabetic character or (written in blue

above keys in the keypad).

2. Press R to store the result of 23 in R.

The stored number is displayed on the

next line.

ALPHA disappears from the display.

You can also store a number directly

rather than storing the result of an expression.

Example 2

Find the area of a circle which has radius R.


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3. Presse to obtain the result.

Follow the same procedure as above,but presst instead of; in

step 1.

You will get the same result.

Using simulation calculations (ALGB)If you want to find more than one solution using th

algebraic equation, you can do this quickly and si

simulation calculation.

Example

Find the volume of two cones:

1 with height 10 and radius 8 and

2 with height 8 and radius 9.

1. Pressj 1k 3@s; RA; H to enter theformula.

Note that 1 3 represents 1 over (i.e.

divided by) 3.

Variables can be represented only by

capital letters.

2. Press@G (I key) to finishentering the equation.

Th l l t t ti ll i k t

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Note that, as the variable R already has a nu

the calculator recalls that number. indicates that there is another variable ear

4. Press 8 to input the radius.

Input of all variables is now complete.

5. Presse to obtain the solution.

The answer (volume of cone ) isdisplayed on the third line.

6. Presse and 8 to input the heightfor cone.

The display returns to a value entryscreen with 8 substituted for 10 in

variable H.

7. Presse to confirm the change.

8. Press 9 to enter the new radius then

presse to solve the equation.

The volume of cone is now displayed. In any step, press@h to obtain

the solution using the values entered

into the variables at that time.


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Using the solver function

You can solve any unknown variable in an equatiovalues to the rest of the variables. Let us compare

the solver function and the simulation calculations

sion as in the last example.

Example

What is the height of cone 3 if it has a rad

and the same volume as cone2 (r = 9, h =

the last example?

9. Store the result of step 8 on the

previous page in variable V.

Pressj twice and;t(5

z7)e

i20e

l50e

@"3e

@Y1.7e

6@Z+7@

Ze

4k5Ae

4@Be

8mS2-3m

81e

12m3m4@Ze

@*49-4@

81e@q27e

5

7

1

6

1

7

14

Key operations

49 4

81 =

3 27 =

Example

Chapter 3: Scientific Calculations

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Math menu Functions

Other functions are available on this calculator besi

functions on the key pad. These functions are acces

function menu. The math menu has different conten

PressI to display the math menu. In the NORMthe following functions.

Switch the display usingdu.

These math menus are not available for DifferenN-base functions, Solver functions and Simulatio

0: absDisplays the absolute value of a

number.

1: ipartDisplays the integer part only of anumber.

2: intDisplays the largest integer lessthan or equal to a number.

I0S

7e

I1S7.94e

I2S7.94e

Function Key operatio

abs ipartint fpart

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Function Key opera

5: SOLVEEnter the Solver function mode.(See page 52.)

6: secSexagesimal numbers areconverted to seconds notation.

(See page 46.)7: min

Sexagesimal numbers areconverted to minutes notation.(See page 46.)

I5

24[I6

0[0[1500I


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Differential/Integral Functions

Differential and integral calculations can only be pe

mode. It is possible to reuse the same equation ove

recalculate by only changing the values without hav

equation.

Performing a calculation will clear the value in th

You can use both global and local variables in th The answer calculated will be stored in the last a

The answer calculated may include a margin of

occur. In such a case, recalculate after changing

or subinterval (n).

Since differential and integral calculations are p

following equations, in certain rare cases correc

obtained, such as when performing special calc

discontinuous points.

Integral calculation (Simpsons rule):

S=h{f(a)+4{f(a+h)+f(a+3h)++f(a+(N1)h)}

+2{f(a+2h)+f(a+4h)++f(a+(N2)h)}+f(b)}Nh=

a

13

Differential calculation:

f(x+)f(x)dx2

dx2

(x)=dx

Differential function

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To exit the differential function, pressj. After getting the answer, presse to return

the x value and the minute interval, and press

at any point.

* X memory is specified by pressing; then th

Integral function

The Integral function is used as follows.

1. Pressb0 to enter the NORMAL mod

2. Input a formula with an xvariable.

3. Press{.

4. Input the starting value (a) of a range of integ

5. Input the finishing value (b) of a range of inte

Example Key operations

d/dx (x40.5x3+6x2) j; X*m4-

; X1+6;XA@3

x= 2dx = 0.00002d/dx = ?

2ee

x= 3dx = 0.001d/dx = ?

e3e0.001e


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When performing integral calculations

Integral calculations require a long calculation time,

integrands and subintervals input. During calculatio

displayed. To cancel calculation, pressj. Note tintegral errors when there are large fluctuations in t

minute shifting of the integral range and for periodic

positive and negative integral values exist dependin

For the former case, make the integral interval as sm

latter case, separate the positive and negative value

Following these tips will provide calculations results

and will also shorten the calculation time.

j; XA-5{

n = 100 2e8ee

82 (x25)dx

dx = ?

n = 10 eee10e

dx = ?


Cha

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Random Function

The Random function has four settings for the NO

mode. (This function is not available while using t

function and simulation calculations.)

Random numbers

A pseudo-random number, with three significant dcan be generated by pressing@w0erandom numbers in succession, presse. Pres

The calculator can regenerate the same rando

Random dice

To simulate a die-rolling, a random integer betweated by pressing@w1e. To genenumbers in succession, presse. Pressj

Random coin

To simulate a coin flip, 0 (head) or 1 (tail) can be pressing@w2e. To generate furtsuccession, presse. Pressj to exit.

Random integer

An integer between 0 and 99 can be generated ra

w3e. To generate further random nue. Pressj to exit.



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Angular Unit Conversions

The angular unit is changed in sequence each time

is pressed.

Chain Calculations

The previous calculation result can be used in a subHowever, it cannot be recalled after entering multipl

When using postfix functions ( , sin, etc.), a ch

possible even if the previous calculation result is

thej key.

90 [rad] j90@]

[g] @] [] @]

sin10.8 = [] @w0.8e

[rad] @]

[g] @]

[] @]


6+4=ANS j6+4e

ANS+5 +5e


Cha

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Fraction Calculations

Arithmetic operations and memory calculations ca

fractions, and conversions between decimal num

If the number of digits to be displayed is great

converted to and displayed as a decimal num

3 + = [a] j3k1k2+

4k3e

[a.xxx] k

[d/c] @F

10= @Y2k3e

()5

=

(

)

= 1k 8m1k3e

7k5m5e

= @*64k225e

23 (2m3)k

34 (3m4)e

1.21.2k2.3e

2.3

123[ [ k e

1

2

4

3

bc

2

3

7

5

1

8

1

3

64

225

=

=



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Binary, Pental, Octal, Decimal, an

Operations (N-base)This calculator can perform conversions between nu

binary, pental, octal, decimal and hexadecimal syste

the four basic arithmetic operations, calculations wi

memory calculations using binary, pental, octal, dec

numbers. Furthermore, the calculator can carry out AND, OR, NOT, NEG, XOR and XNOR on binary, pe

mal numbers.

Conversion to each system is performed by the follo

@z: Converts to the binary system. ? appe

@r: Converts to the pental system. q appe

@g: Converts to the octal system. f appea

@h: Converts to the hexadecimal system. 6@/: Converts to the decimal system. ?, q

from the display.

Conversion is performed on the displayed value wh

pressed.

Note: Hexadecimal numbers A F are entered into

pressing,,m,A,1,l, and

In the binary, pental, octal, and hexadecimal system

be entered. When a decimal number having a fracti

into a binary, pental, octal, or hexadecimal number,

truncated. Likewise, when the result of a binary, pen

l l ti i l d f ti l t th f ti l

Cha

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DEC(25)BIN j@/25@z

HEX(1AC) @a1AC

BIN @z

PEN @r

OCT @g

DEC @/

BIN(1010100) @z(1010-

11 = )k11e

BIN(111)NEG d111e

HEX(1FF)+ @a1FF@gOCT(512)= 512e

HEX(?) @a

2FEC jxM@a 2

2C9E=(A) -2C9Em

+)2000 2000-1901=(B) 1901m

(C) tM

1011 AND j@z10114

101 = (BIN) 101e

5A OR C3 = (HEX) @a5ApC3e

NOT 10110 = @zn10110e

(BIN)



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Time, Decimal and Sexagesimal

Conversion between decimal and sexagesimal num

and, while using sexagesimal numbers, also conver

minutes notation. The four basic arithmetic operatio

tions can be performed using the sexagesimal syste

sexagesimal is as follows:

123918.05 j12[39[18.05

[10] @:

123.678[60] 123.678@:

3h30m45s + 3[30[45+ 6[

6h45m36s = [60] 45[36e

12345612 + 1234[56[12+0034.567 = [60] 0[0[34.567e

3h45m 3[45-1.69e

1.69h = [60] @:

sin621224 = [10] v62[12[24e24[ ] 24[I6

1500[ ] 0[0[1500I7


123456.78degree second

minute

Cha

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Coordinate Conversions

Conversions can be performed between rectangu

P (x,y)

X

Y

0

y

x

P (r, )

X

Y

0

r

Rectangular coordinate Polar coordinate

Before performing a calculation, select the an

The calculation result is automatically stored

Value of r: R memory

Value of:

memory Value of x: X memory

Value of y: Y memory

rand x values are stored in the last answer m

j6,4x= 6

r=

@uy = 4 = []

14,36r= 14

x=

@E = 36[] y =



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Calculations Using Physical Con

Recall a constant by pressing@c followed bphysical constant designated by a 2-digit number.

The recalled constant appears in the display mode

designated number of decimal places.

Physical constants can be recalled in the NORMAL

binary, pental, octal, or hexadecimal), STAT mode, Pmode.

Note: Physical constants are based either on the 20

mended values, or the 1995 Edition of the Gu

International System of Units (SI) released b

of Standards and Technology), or on ISO spe

01 Speed of light in vacuum

02 Newtonian constant of gravitation

03 Standard acceleration of gravity

04 Electron mass05 Proton mass

06 Neutron mass

07 Muon mass

08 Atomic mass unit-kilogram relationship

09 Elementary charge10 Planck constant

11 Boltzmann constant

12 Magnetic constant

No. Constant Sym

c, c

G

gn

memp

mn

m

lu

eh

k

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24 Muon magnetic moment25 Compton wavelength

26 Proton Compton wavelength

27 Stefan-Boltzmann constant

28 Avogadro constant

29 Molar volume of ideal gas (273.15 K,101.325 kPa)

30 Molar gas constant

31 Faraday constant

32 Von Klitzing constant

33 Electron charge to mass quotient34 Quantum of circulation

35 Proton gyromagnetic ratio

36 Josephson constant

37 Electron volt

38 Celsius Temperature39 Astronomical unit

40 Parsec

41 Molar mass of carbon-12

42 Planck constant over 2 pi

43 Hartree energy44 Conductance quantum

45 Inverse fine-structure constant

46 Proton-electron mass ratio

No. Constant S

A

p

M

E

N

m

R

F

R

K


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Calculations Using Engineering

Calculation can be executed in the NORMAL mode

STAT mode and PROG mode using the following 12

Prefix Operatio

E

PT

G

M

k

m

n

p

f

a

(Exa)

(Peta)(Tera)

(Giga)

(Mega)

(kilo)

(milli)

(micro)

(nano)

(pico)

(femto)

(atto)

@j0

@j1@j2

@j3

@j4

@j5

@j6

@j7

@j8

@j9

@jA

@jB

100m 10k = 100@j6k

10@j5e


Cha

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Modify Function

Calculation results are internally obtained in scien

digits for the mantissa. However, since calculation

the form designated by the display notation and t

places indicated, the internal calculation result ma

the display. By using the modify function, the inte

match that of the display, so that the displayed vachange in subsequent operations.

59=ANS j@J10

ANS9= 5z9e

[FIX,TAB=1] k9e*1

5z9e@n

k9e*2

@P0

*1

5.5555555555555101

9*2 0.69



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Solver Function

This function enables you to find any variable in an

Entering and solving an equation

The solver function is used as follows.

1. Pressb0 to enter the NORMAL mode.

2. Enter both sides of an equation, using = and v

3. PressI5.

4. Enter the value of the known variables.

5. Move the cursor (display) to the unknown varia

6. Press@h. The solver function can find any variable

anywhere in an equation. It can even find

variables that appear several times in an

equation.

You can use both global and local

variables in your equation. (See page 58.)

Using the solver function will cause variables m

with new values.

To exit the solver function, pressj.

Changing the value of variables and editiWhen you are in the solution display, presse toentering values of variables, then return to the equa

NORMAL d b i j

S l i ti

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Solving an equation

Example

Try finding the variables in the equation be

A B C D =

1. Pressb0 to select the NORMAL

2. Press; Ak; B;

=; Ck; D.

You must enter the whole equation.

3. PressI5.

The calculator automatically calls the

display for entering variables and

displays the variables in alphabetical

order.

indicates that there are more

variables. If a variable already has a value, the calcu

automatically.

4. Press 10e.

Enters a value for known variable A.

The cursor moves onto the next

variable.

5. Press 5e.

Enters a value for known variable B.

Th l h th di l f th k


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The value shown on the display for the unkn

have to be set to 0 to solve the equation.

The answer is displayed on the top line and hand and right-hand sides of the equation ap

8. Presse.

Returns you to the display for entering

variables.

9. Pressd 8e. Substitutes the value 8 for B.

The cursor moves onto the next variable

C.

10. Press@h. You can find any unknowns in the same

equation.

Important notes

There are several important points to remember wh

function.

To cancel calculation, pressj when calculat

Before entering the equation, the appropriate anselected.

The calculator uses Newtons method to solve e

there may be some equations that it fails to solv

Si l ti C l l ti (ALGB)

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Simulation Calculation (ALGB)

This function enables you to find different solutionsets of values in the same expression.

Entering an expression for simulation c

The simulation calculation is used as follows.

1. Pressb0 to enter the NORMAL mod2. Enter an expression with at least one variabl

3. Press@G.

4. Enter the values of the variables. The calcula

after entering the value for all used variables

You can use both global and local variables

local variables will be stored if you save the e

You need enter only the side of the equation

Performing simulation calculation will cause

be overwritten with new values.

The answer calculated will be stored in last a

To exit simulation calculation, pressj.

Changing a value of variables and editi

When you are in the solution display, presse

entering values of variables, then return to the eqNORMAL mode by pressingj.

RH= RH

Simulate an equation for different values


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Simulate an equation for different values

Example

Find the area S = bc sin A 2 when:

1 b = 3, c = 5 and A = 90 (DEG)

2 b = 3, c = 5 and A = 45 (DEG)

3 b = 4, c = 5 and A = 45 (DEG)

1. Pressb0 to select the NORMAL m

2. Press@J00j.

Sets the angular unit to DEG.

3. Press; B; Cv

; Az 2. The equation is entered in the normal

way.

4. Press@G.

The calculator automatically calls the

display for entering variables and picks

out the variables in alphabetical order.

If a variable already has a value, the

calculator displays that value automati-

cally.

indicates that there are more variables.5. Press 90e.

The calculator picks out the next

variable

8 Presse and then 45e

Cha

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8. Presse and then 45e.

After getting the answer, presse to

return to the display for entering

variables.

9. Press@h.

Sides b and c are both the same length

in triangle2 as in triangle 1, so you do

not have to re-enter these values.

10. Presse and thend 4e@h.

Filing Equations


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Filing Equations

When the calculator is in the NORMAL mode (exclusave equations in the EQUATION FILE. Saved equa

deleted in the NORMAL mode.

Pressf in the NORMAL mode to call the EQUA

Press0,1 or2 to select if anequation is to be loaded, saved or deleted,

respectively.

Saving an equation

You can save an equation as follows.

1. After entering an equation in the NORMAL

mode, press1 in the EQUATION FILEmenu.

The file name display appears asking you

to enter a title.

The calculator automatically locks ALPHA on talphabetic characters easily. To cancel the ALP

2. Enter the title of the file (up to seven

characters).

If you change your mind and no longer

want to save the equation, pressj.

Loading and deleting an equation

Cha

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Loading and deleting an equation

The procedures to retrieve (load) and delete an e

the same, except that you have to confirm that yo

equation.

Retrieve or delete an equation as follows.

1. Pressf and then0 or2 to

retrieve (load) or delete.

2. Usedu to select the name of thefile you wish to retrieve (or delete),and

presse.

The display asks for confirmation if you

are deleting an equation. Pressy toproceed with deletion ore to cancelthe operation.

Note:

If the equation being retrieved contains

variable names and their values will be

equation.

Any other equation on the display and equation was retrieved are cleared.

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Chapter 4:

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Statistical CalculaThe STAT mode is used to perform statistical calc

Pressb1 to select the statistics mode. Thcalculations listed below can be performed. After

mode, select the desired sub-mode by pressing th

corresponds to your choice.

To change statistical sub-mode, reselect statistics

then select the required sub-mode.

0 (SD) : Single-variable statistics

1 (LINE) : Linear regression calculation

2 (QUAD) : Quadratic regression calculatio

3 (EXP) : Exponential regression calcula

4 (LOG) : Logarithmic regression calcula

5 (POWER) : Power regression calculation

6 (INV) : Inverse regression calculation

Chapter 4: Statistical Calculations

The following statistics can be obtained for each sta

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g

to the table below):

UseI key to perform a STAT variable calculat

Single-variable statistical calculation

Statistics of 1 and value of the normal probability f

Q

n Number of samples

y Mean of samples (y data)

sy Sample standard deviation (y data)

W

r Correlation coefficient

a Coefficient of regression equation

b Coefficient of regression equation

c Coefficient of quadratic regression equa

Population standard deviation (y data)

x Mean of samples (xdata)

sx Sample standard deviation (xdata)

Population standard deviation (xdata)x

Sum of samples (xdata)x

x2 Sum of squares of samples (xdata)

y Sum of samples (y data)

y 2 Sum of squares of samples (y data)

xy Sum of products of samples (x, y )

y

Variables Contents

Chap

Quadratic regression calculation

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Statistics of1 and 2 and coefficients a, b, cin th

formula (y = a + bx+ cx2). (For quadratic regressio

tion coefficient (r) can be obtained.)

Data Entry and Correction

All data entered is kept in memory until STAT me2y) is operated or a new STAT sub-modeentering new data, clear the memory contents.

Data entry

Single-variable data

Data_Data, frequency_(To enter multiple

Two-variable data

Datax,Datay_

Datax,Datay,frequency_ (Tsame dataxandy.)

Up to 100 data items can be entered. With sing

without frequency assignment is counted as on

assigned with frequency is stored as a set of tw

variable data, a set of data items without a freq

counted as two data items, while a set of items stored as a set of three data items.

Data correction

Correction after pressing_:


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Useud to display the data set previous

Pressd to display the data set in ascendingreverse the display order to descending (latest

key.

Each data set is displayed with X=, Y=, or N:

number of the data set).

Display and move the cursor to the data item to

ud, input the correct value, then press To delete a data set, display and move the cu

data set to delete by usingud, then data set will be deleted.

To add a new data set, pressj to exit theentered data and input the values, then press


X=z 75. 3.Data set number

X=z 4.Y= 3. 3.Data set number

Statistical Calculation Formulas

Chap

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In the statistical calculation formulas, an error wil

The absolute value of an intermediate result or

to or greater than 1 10100. The denominator is zero.

An attempt is made to take the square root of a

No solution exists for a quadratic regression ca

Type RegressionLinear y = a + bx

Exponential y = a ebx

Logarithmic y = a + b ln x

Power y = a xb

Inverse y = a + b

Quadratic y = a + bx+ cx2

1x

xy =x1y1 +x2y2 + +xnyn y =y1 +y2 + +yn

x=x1 +x2 + +xn x2 =x12 +x2

2 + +

y =y

n

x = xn x= x2

nx2

n

y =

y2 ny2

n

Normal Probability Calculations


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y

P(t), Q(t), and R(t) will always take positive valuesbecause these functions follow the same principle

an area.

Values for P(t), Q(t), and R(t) are given to six deci

x x

xt = Standardization conversion formula

Chap

Statistical Calculations Exampl

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DATA

95

b10

80

95_

80

80_

75

_

75

75,3_

75

50_50

x = I01e

@P2y

= I03e

n = I00e

= I04e= I05e

sx = I02e

sx2 = Ae

(95

x) 10+50= (95-I01 sx zI02k1

+50e

x2

x

x


p



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DATAb11

2 5 2,5_

2 5 _

12 24 12,24_

21 40 21,40,3_

21 40

15,25_21 40

I20e

15 25

I21e

I23e

I02e

I07e

x=3y'=? 3I25

y=46x'=? 46I24

b12

@P2y

@P2y

12,41_

8,13_

, _

x y12 41

8 13

x y

DATA

==

=

=

=

a

b

r

sx

sy

Chapter 5

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Equation Solvers

Simultaneous Linear Equations

Simultaneous linear equations with two unknowns

unknowns (3-VLE) may be solved using this funct

1 2-VLE:b30

2 3-VLE:b31

If the determinant D = 0, an error occurs.

If the absolute value of an intermediate result oto or greater than 1 10100, an error occurs.

The results obtained by this function may includ

Example 1

2x+3y = 4 x= ?5x+6y = 7

y = ?

det(D) = ?

a1x+ b1y= c1a2x+ b2y = c2

D =

a1x+ b1y+ c1z = d1a2x+ b2y + c2z = d2

a3x+ b3y + c3z = d3

D =

Chapter 5: Equation Solvers

3. After inputting the last coefficient,

presse to solve the 2-VLE

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presse to solve the 2-VLE.

After solving, presse orj toreturn to the coefficient entering display.

You can use@h to solve the 2-VLE, regardless of the cursor position.

Example 2

x+y-z = 9 x= ?

6x+6y-z = 17 y = ?

14x-7y+2z = 42 z = ?

det(D) = ?

1. Pressb31 to select 3-VLE of the EQN mode.

2. Enter the value of each coefficient

(a1, etc.)

1e 1eS 1e 9e

6e 6eS 1e 17e14eS 7e 2e 42

Coefficients can be entered using ordinary a

To clear the entered coefficients, pressj Pressd oru to move line by line. Preu to jump to the last or top line.

3. After inputting the last coefficient, presse

Pressd to display the det(D). After solving presse orj to

Quadratic and Cubic Equation

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Quadratic (ax2 + bx + c = 0) or cubic (ax3 + bx2 + csolved using these functions.

1 Quadratic equation solver (QUAD):b32 Cubic equation solver (CUBIC):b3

If there are more than 2 results, the next solutio

The results obtained by this function may includ

Example 1

3x2 + 4x 95 = 0 x= ?

1. Pressb32 to select

QUAD of the EQN mode.2. Enter the value of each coefficient (a,

etc.)

3e 4eS 95

Coefficients can be entered using ordinary

To clear the entered coefficients, pressj Pressd oru to move line by line.

3 After inputting the last coefficient,

presse to solve the quadraticequation.

After solving, presse orj to

return to the coefficient entering display.

You can use@h to solve thequadratic equation, regardless of the curso

Example 2

5x3 + 4x2 +3x + 7 = 0 x = ?

Chapter 5: Equation Solvers

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5x3 + 4x2 +3x+ 7 = 0 x= ?

1. Pressb33 to selectCUBIC of the EQN mode.

2. Enter the value of each coefficient (a, etc.)5e 4e 3e 7

Coefficients can be entered using ordinary a

To clear the entered coefficients, pressj Pressd oru to move line by line. Preu to jump to the last or top line.

3. After inputting the last coefficient,

presse to solve the cubicequation.

After solving, presse orj toreturn to the coefficient entering display.

You can use@h to solve thecubic equation, regardless of the cursor

position.

Chapter 6

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Complex NumberCalculations

The CPLX mode is used to carry out addition, su

division of complex numbers. Pressb4 to

Results of complex number calculations are expre

1@E: Rectangular coordinates mode (xy2@u: Polar coordinates mode (r appea

Complex Number Entry

1 Rectangular coordinates are entered as foll

x-coordinate+ y-coordinateQ

or x-coordinate+Q y-coordinate

2 Polar coordinates are entered as follows:

rR

r: absolute value

:argument

On selecting another mode, the imaginary part

stored in the M memory will be cleared.

A complex number expressed in rectangular coequal to zero, or expressed in polar coordinates

zero, is treated as a real number.

PressI0 to return the complex conjuga

Chapter 6: Complex Number Calculations


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b4

(126i) + (7+15i)

(11+4i) =

(11+4Q)e

6(79i) 6k(7-9Q)

(5+8i) = k(S 5+8Q

16(sin30+ 16k(v30+icos30)(sin60+

icos60)=

@u8R70+1R25e

r1 = 8, 1 = 70

r2 = 12, 2 = 25

r= ?, = ?

(12-6Q)+

(7+15Q)-

Q$30)z(

Q$60)e

v60+

)e

Chapter 7

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ProgrammingPROG mode

A program enables you to automate a series of ca

simple and complex. Programs are created either

mode or in the NBASE program mode.

Entering the PROG mode

1. Pressb2 to select the PROG

(PROGRAM) mode.2. Press0 to RUN a program, press1 to create a NEW program, press2 to EDIT a program, and press3

to DELETE a program.

Selecting the NORMAL program mode program mode

Before creating a new program (b21NORMAL program mode or the NBASE program

In the NORMAL program mode, you can perform

calculations and statistical operations. In the NBAperform logical operations and calculations using

Programming concept

Chapter 7: Programming

Keys and display

In the PROG mode, to make programs as simple as

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, p g p

the display may work in a different manner to other are described below.

Pressi (thef key) to directly access the programming. The Filing Equation function does n

While entering a program name, keys are locked

LOCK) automatically. In a program, a single line can hold up to 159 lette

are counted as a single letter. As you type in a lin

the left. Lines do not wrap in the PROG mode.

Creating a NEW Program

After you name the program, the calculator automat

program under this name as you create it. You do no

program manually.

Creating a NEW program

1. Pressb2 to enter the PROG mode andcreate a NEW program.

The display prompts you to select the

NORMAL program mode or the NBASE

program mode.

2. For this example, press0 to select theNORMAL program mode.

The display prompts you to enter a

Use of variables

Global and local variables are treated differently i

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y

The letters A Z and , used on their own, repr

Global variables correspond to the memories o

program means memory C of the calculator). G

programs to use values stored in memories, or

program to another. Global variables also allow

programs and use them in any mode. You can also name and use up to nine local var

variables retain values only in an individual prog

If a line in your program contains an equation

such as Y = M1X + 5, it sets the global variable

Y equal to (M1 X) + 5. On encountering this

equation while running the program, if thevalue of the local variable M1 has not been

defined earlier in the program, the calculator

prompts you with the display M1=? to enter a

value for M1. The global variable X will already

be set to the value last stored in that memory.

With just a little practice you will soon become

proficient at typing programs into your calculator.

Example

Create a simple program that requests inpu

and height (H1) of a triangle and then calcu

creating, RUN the program to determine th

base of 4 units and a height of 3 units.

2. Entering the program


Program code Key o

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To enter more than one alphabetic character, presthe alphabet-lock mode. Press; to escape fro

3. Running the program

PrintB=BASE i1@v

PrintH=HEIGHT

a=BASE;

i1@v

@a=HE

;A;=

e@vd

A=12BH

PrintAREA i1@a

i0;AePrint A

Program code Key o

Procedure

Return to the initial displayfor the PROG mode.

Select and RUN the program.

Enter 4 for B1

Enter 3 for H1

j

0(Select the prog

e

4e

3e

Key operations

Programming Commands

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In this section, all commands that are available indescribed, excluding keyboard commands andI

Input and display commands

1. While creating a NEW or EDIT program,

pressi to access the COMMAND

menu.

The first page of the COMMAND menu is

displayed.

Pressd oru to scroll page by page.

You may directly enter a command by pressi

alphanumeric key without first having to disp

menu page.

Command DescriptionKey

operations

i0

i1

Print

Displays the value of tspecified variable. Theformat is determined bSET UP menu.

Displays the text ente

the quotation mark. If exceeds three lines, olast three lines will be

Print



operations

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i4

i5

Indicates the line is a reand not a command, thuallowing you to insert coin the program. Any linebeginning with Rem is igwhen running a program

Excessive use of this cowill use up a considerabamount of memory.

Terminates the programprogram finishes at the l

command, an End commnot required. If there is ncommand in the programlast calculated answer wdisplayed when the progfinishes.You can use more than

End command in the samprogram to terminate aftdifferent branches, subroetc. have been executed

Rem

End

Key

Flow control

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i6

i7

i8

i9

i9

Label

Indicates a destinationthe flow statements GGosub. Up to seven lebe used for the label nEach label name musunique. You cannot ussame label name moronce in a program. Updifferent labels can beeach program.

Clear the text displayescreen.

Causes the program t

the stated Label (specLabel command). A Gstatement must have acorresponding Label s

The If clause must be by a conditional statemthen a Goto commandthe only command allo

be used after the If clacan enter;sthe Goto command to line easier to read.

Clrt

Goto

If

Goto

Command Descriptionoperations

Equalities and inequalities

These expressions are used to form the conditional


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clause. They are the basis for looping and other flowprograms.

The = (equals) sign is also used as a function to fo

command for variables.

You can also enter = by simply pressing;=

Symbols

iC=

Equals. This function is aused to form a substitutio

command that assigns anew value to a variable,including incrementing ordecrementing.

iD Less than=

iG Greater than>

iH Not equal to.

iE Less than or equal to.

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In the PROG mode, statistical commands are onlNORMAL program mode is selected. If the NBAS

selected, the statistical command menu cannot b

When you use the STATx or STATxy commands

data previously stored in the STAT function.


operations

iI Selects single-varistatistics mode (SD

STATx

iJ Selects linear regrecalculation mode (

STATxy

iK Enters new statisticThe data format mconsistent with the

mode selected (sinvariable or linearregression). A statdata set entered inPROG mode cannaccessed later for STAT functions.

Data

Data

Data

Data

Editing a Program


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1. Pressb2 to enter the PROG mode andselect the EDIT mode.

2. Select the program you wish to edit and press

If you want to add text into your program, press

If you want to add lines into your program, pres

of the cursor will become a triangle) and then mbeginning of the line and presse to add a n

Remember that you can enter only one comma

special case of the IfGoto command. Do not

commands on a single line.

The line you modify is saved after you pressudo not wish to change the line, pressj twicpear at this point, however, the contents of the

To clear an entire line of a program, pressje. To delete a blank line, move the cursor toy.

Any blank lines will be ignored when running.

y deletes the character you have just entercursor position).

You can change the name of a program by ove

name. Pressu to move the cursor to the titname and presse.

3. Pressj to exit the EDIT mode.

Error Messages

Th l l t di l if

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The calculator displays an error message if a proThe error message indicates the nature of the pro

can display the line where the problem has occur

After entering a program, it is often necessary to

easier, the calculator displays an error message i

while running your program.

For example, if you have more than one label

with the same name in your program, you will

see the message on the right.

To display the faulty line in the EDIT mode,

pressr orl. To return to the program

menu, pressj.

You can pressj to stop your program atany time while it is running. This will be

necessary if your program enters an endless

loop.

After BREAK! is temporarily displayed, theinitial PROG mode display will reappear. For a lis

the Appendix. (See page 120.)

Deleting Programs

Y t t ith


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You can create as many programs as you want withcalculators memory. To free up space for new progr

ones.

1. Pressb2 to enter the PROGmode.

2. Press3.

The delete window appears. All the stored

programs are listed.

3. Move the cursor to the program you wish

to delete and presse.

The calculator asks you if you are sure

you want to delete the program.

Pressy to delete the program oreto cancel this operation.

Chapter 8

A li ti E

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Application ExamProgramming Examples

The following examples demonstrate the basic us

commands including print, input and flow controlsprogramming reference.

Some like it hot (Celsius-Fahrenheit co

This is a program to convert temperatures from C

vice versa.1. Pressb21 0 to open a

window for creating a NEW program.

2. Type TEMP for the program title then press

e.

A NEW program called TEMP will becreated.

3. Enter the program as follows.

See * below for further explanation.

Program code Key

Label START i6@e

Program code Key o

If T=1 Goto CTOF i8;

s i 9

Chapter 8: Application Examples

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si9;e

If T=2 Goto FTOC i8;si9;e

Goto START i9@e

Label CTOF i6@e

F=(95)C+32 ; F ;=)@v32 e

Print F i0;

End i5e

Label FTOC i6@e

C=(59) (F-32) ; C ;=)k(ee-

* The program automatically

prompts you to enter a value for

the local variable C0.

* The program automatically

prompts you to enter a value for

The Heron Formula

Obtaining the area S of triangle with side

lengths of A B and C using the Heron

Ch

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lengths of A, B and C using the HeronFormula which is true for any plane triangle.

1. Pressb210 to open awindow for creating a NEW program.

2. Type HERON for the program title then

press e. A NEW program called HERON will be

created.


Program code KeyLabel START i6@

e

PrintSIDE LENGTHS i1@LENGTHS ;

Input A i2;

Input B i2;

Input C i2;

If (A+B)

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; T (;)(;

(; T -e

Print S i0;

End i5e

Label ERROR i6@e

PrintNO TRIANGLE i1@TRIANGLE ;

Wait 1 i3 1 e

PrintREENTER i1@e

Goto START i9@e

Example

Obtain the area of the triangle with the side length

and 40 cm (C).4. Pressj to return to the PROG mode men

2B or not 2B (N-base conversion)

The conversion functions and logical operations c

program mode The following is a simple program

Ch

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program mode. The following is a simple programnumber to binary, pental, octal and hexadecimal f

1. Pressb211 to open awindow for creating a NEW program in

the NBASE program mode.

2. Type NBASE for the title then press e. A NEW program called NBASE will be crea


Program code Key

PrintENTER A i1@;e

PrintDECIMAL NUMBER i1@NUMBER ;

Input Y i2;

YBIN ; Y @

PrintBINARY i1@e

Print Y i0;

Wait i3e

Program code Key o

YOCT ; Y @g

i 1 @


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PrintOCTAL i1@e

Print Y i0;

Wait i3e

YHEX ; Y @h

PrintHEXADECIMAL i1@;e

Print Y i0;

Running the program

4. Pressj to return to the PROG mode men

5. Press 0, select the program NBASE and The program prompts you to enter a decimal n

it in binary format.

Press any key to display the number in pental fkey to see it in octal format, and again press an

hexadecimal format. Be careful when using the Wait command in NB

Numbers followed by Wait are processed acco

Ch

T test

The T-test value is obtained by comparing the me

and expected average from sample data. Using thli bili f l b l d

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and expected average from sample data. Using threliability of a mean value can be evaluated.

Example

As SHOP sells cookies by package on which it isBuy 6 sample packages and check if the statem

Setting an expected mean value as 100 (m =

obtained. If it is larger than the expected t-va

distribution table (at 5% of risk rate), the esti

case, As SHOP does not sell honestly.)

Sample 1 2 3

grams 102 95 107 9

1. Pressb210 to open a window

2. Type TTEST for the title then press e.

A NEW program called TTEST will be creat

t =

m = expected mean value estimated by sample da

n = the number of samples

x = actual mean value of the samples

sx = standard deviation of the samples

x m

sx2

n


Program code Key o

STATx i I e

D t 102 i K 102

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Data 102 i K 102

Data 95 i K 95

Data 107 i K 107

Data 93 i K 93

Data 110 i K 110

Data 98 i K 98

PrintMEAN i 1 @

Input M i 2 ;

T=( -M)(sx ) ; T ; =1 - ;

* (II5 0

Print T i 0 ;

End i 5e

Running the program

Ch

A circle that passes through 3 points

When three different points, P (X1, Y1), Q (X2, Y2)

obtain the center coordinates O (X, Y) and the radpasses through these points

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P (X1, Y

Y1Y

(X12+Y12-X22-Y22)(Y2Y3) (X22+Y22-X32

2{(X1X2)(Y2Y3) (X2X3)(Y1X =

(X12+Y12-X22-Y22)(X2X3) (X22+Y22-X32

2{(Y1Y2)(X2X3) (Y2Y3)(X1Y =

R = (X X1)2 + (Y Y1)2

GM HK2 (IM JK)

X = GJ HI2 (KJ MI)

Y =

( )passes through these points.

To satisfy the above conditions, thedistances between P, Q, S and O

should be equal. as they are theradius of the same circle. Therefore,

PO = QO = SO = R

Using the Pythagorean theorem,

PO2 = (X1 X)2 + (Y1 Y)2 = R2

QO2 = (X2 X)2 + (Y2 Y)2 = R2

SO2 = (X3 X)2 + (Y3 Y)2 = R2

then

To enhance both readability and writability of the variables G, H, I, J, K and M are used.

The above equations reduce to

1 Pressb2 1 0 to open a window

Program code Key o

H=X+Y-X-Y ; H ;=@

+@v3d d d d


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dddd-@vdY3 eeAe

I=X-X ; I ;=@@v2e

J=X-X ; J ;=@@v4e

K=Y-Y ; K ;=@@v3e

M=Y-Y ; M ;=@@v5e

X=(GM-HK)2(IM-JK) ; X ;=(; H ; K ); M -; J

Print X i0; X eWait i3e

Y=(GJ-HI)2(KJ-MI) ; Y ;=(; H ; I ); J -; M

Print Y i0; Y e

Wait i3e

* Perform equation1.

* Perform equation2.

Radioactive decay

Carbon-14 (14C) is a naturally occurring radioactiv

the carbon dating process. Because carbon-14 depossible to determine the age of a once living spe

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possible to determine the age of a once living spe

residual amount of 14C it contains.

Example

This program asks for a original mass and curre

how old the specimen is. It then finds the half-lif

1. Pressb210 to open a winprogram.

2. Type DECAY for the title then press

e.

A NEW program called DECAY will be

created.3. Enter the program as follows.

The mass of 14C contained in a sample changequation

M = M0 ekt or t =

where M1 = Mass of14C at time t

M0 = Original mass of14C

k = Radioactive decay constant (for14C, k =

t = Elapsed time in years

M1

M0

k

ln ( )

Program code Key o

T=-(ln(MM)) ; T ;=

1.2118-4 (@vv 0 )


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M

T

Y

v0)S 4 e

Print T i0;

PrintYEARS i1@e

End i5e

The half-life of a radioactive isotope is the time

mass to decay.

Running the program

4. Pressj to return to the PROG mode men

5. Press 0, select the program

DECAY and press e.6. Enter 100 for M0 and 50 for M1.

Result

The half-life of 14C is 5719.980034 years.

Delta-Y impedance circuit transformati

Transformation of a Y impedance circuit to an equ

circuit and vice versa.The Delta-Y transformation is defined by the follow

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2. Type DELTAY for the title then press e.

A NEW program called DELTAY will be crea


Program code Key

Print(1)DELTA TO Y i1(DELTA s

Print(2)Y TO DELTA i1(s TO s

Z1

Z2

Z3

The Delta Y transformation is defined by the follow

R1 =

R2 =

R3 =

where Z

Z

Z

Z

Z1 =

Z2 =

Z3 =

where R = R1R2 + R2R3 + R3R1

RR2RR3RR1

Program code Key o

Z=Z+Z+Z ; Z ;=

ee+e e +


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ee+

d Z3 e

R=ZZZ @vde;=

@v1

Print R i0@

Wait i3e

R=ZZZ @vdee;1@ve

Print R i0@

Wait i3e

R=ZZZ @vdd R3 ev2@; Z e

Print R i0@

i 5 e

Program code Key

Wait i3e

Z=RR @v1

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@ v 1z@v

Print Z i0@

Wait i3e

Z=RR @v2z@v

Print Z i0@

End i5e

Example

When the impedances Z1, Z2, Z3 of a delta impe

140 respectively, obtain the impedances R1, R2

4. Pressj to return to the PROG mode m

5. Press 0, select the program DELTAYand press e.

The direction of transformation will be

asked.

6. Press 1e to select DELTA TO Y tra

7. Enter 70 for Z1, 35 for Z2 and 140 for Z3.

Obtaining tensions of strings

Suppose a bar is hung from the ceiling by two string

with angles the strings make from the perpendicularweight of the bar is W, obtain the tensions in the str


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g

1. Pressb210 to open a windo

program.2. Type TENSION for the title then press e.

A NEW program called TENSION will be crea


Program code Key o

PrintANGLES i1@e

TA

Per

W

T

SB

A

= =

T = W

S = W

where W: weight

T, S: tension in strings

A, B: angles that strings make

from perpendicular lines(DMS)

G: gravity

S

sin A

T

sin B

W

sin (A + B)

sin B

sin (A + B)

sin Asin (A + B)

Program code Key

E=sin(C+D) ; E ;

+; D

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S=W sin CE @a S; Cz

T=W sin DE @a T

; Dz

PrintTENSIONS i1@e

Print S i0;

Wait i3e

Print T i0;

End i5e

Example

Calculate the tension in the strings S and T whe

40 kg, angle A: 30 15' 20" and angle B: 27 45'

4. Pressj@J00 to set ththen @J103 to set disdecimal point of 3 .

In this program input angles by degree/minu

Purchasing with payment in n-month ins

If you wish to buy goods with the price of P by n-mo

program determines the payment per month.


S (P D)i

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1. Pressb210 to open a windoprogram.

2. Type PAYBYMN for the title then press e.

A NEW program called PAYBYMN will be crea3. Enter the program as follows.

Program code Key o

PrintPRICE i1@

e

Input P i2;

PrintDOWN PAYMENT i1@PAYMENT ;

Input D i2;

PrintMONTHS i1@

S = (P D)

where S: payment due every month n : n-month in

P: price of the product D: down paym

i: installment payment interest rate (%)

i1 (1 + i)n

Program code Ke

Print S i0;

Example

Ch

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Example

If you wish to buy furniture costing $3,000 with

and pay the remainder in 11 months installmen

rate of 1%, how much is the monthly payment?

4. Pressj to return to the PROG mode m

5. Press 0, select the programPAYBYMN and press e.

6. Enter 3000 for P, 500 for D, 11 for N and 1

Result

Your monthly payment is approx. $241.

Digital dice

This program simulates rolling of multiple dice. You

play a dice game without dice or where there is notenough space to roll dice.


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At the first stage, ask the number of dice to use for and display the result and wait until any key is press

1. Pressb210 to open a window for

2. Type DICE for the title then press e. A NEW program called DICE will be created.


Program code Key o

PrintNO OF DICE i1@s DICE ;

Input N i2;

Label PLAY i6@

M=1 ; M ;=

X=0 ; X ;=

Label ROLL i6@

X=X+r.dice ; X ;=

w1e

M=M+1 ; M ;=

How many digits can you remember?

The calculator displays randomly created number

(up to 9) you specified for the number of secondsto enter the number you remembered. After 10 tri

The larger the number of digits and the shorter th

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The larger the number of digits and the shorter th

score is.


2. Type NUMBER for the title then press e

A NEW program called NUMBER will be cre


Program code Key

M=1 ; M ;

A=0 ; A ;

PrintHOW MANY DIGITS i1@s DIGITS

Label NINE i6@

PrintLESS THAN 9 DIGITS i1@THAN s ;DIGITS ;

Input N i2;

If N>9 Goto NINE i 8 ;

Program code Key o

If S

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S=S 10 (-3) ; S ;=Y(S

If N>6 Goto SIX i8;

si9e

If N>3 Goto THREE i8;si9; e

Q=ipart(Sx10 N) ; Q ;=; Sk@e

Goto DISPLAY i9@e

Label SIX i6@

; Q ;=; Sk@- 6 ))+@w

Y 6 +@@Y 3 e

i 9 @

Q=ipart(S 10 (N-6)) 10 6

+random 10 6+random 10 3

Program code Key

Wait T i3;

Clrt i7e

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PrintANSWER i1@e

Input X i2;

If X Q Goto WRONG i8;;si

;e

A=A+int(10 NT 3) ; A ;2( 1; Tk

Label WRONG i6@

e

M=M+1 ; M ;

If M

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The orbit of a satellite about the Earth is

geosynchronous if the period of the orbit matches

the period of the Earths rotation. At what distance

from the center of the Earth can geosynchronous

orbit occur?The period of an orbit is described by the equation

The Earth rotates once every 23 hours, 56 minutes

first, convert this time into seconds.

1. Pressb0 23 [ 56 [ 4.09[I6.

Determining the value of T.

2. Pressx T to store the result as globalvariable T.

3. Press @J114.

Select the scientific display format with

T2 =

where T = period of orbit

G = Gravitational constant (6.6742 1011 m3 kgM = Mass of the Earth (5.976 1024 kg)

r = Distance between the satellite and the center

42

GMr3

6. Press @c 02 e 5.976 ` 24e.

Use the physical constants function for theG value.

After completion of entering values for variab

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After completion of entering values for variabmoves on to variable R. (The variable T has

7. Press @h.

Result

Geosynchronous orbit is possible approxi-

mately 42,170 km (4.217 107 meters) fromthe center of the Earth.

Twinkle, twinkle, little star (Apparent m

The apparent magnitude of a star is a

measure of how bright it appears. It is a

function of how far away the star is andthe luminosity of the star.

Since stars are seen from different

distances, their luminosities must bestandardized before they can be

compared. This is done using a quantity called th

which is a measure of how bright that star would

a distance of 10 parsecs (about 32.6 light years).

f f

Example 1

What is the ratio of the suns luminosity to that of a

magnitude of 2.89?(The suns absolute magnitude is 4.8.)

The former equation is equivalent to


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The former equation is equivalent to

1. Pressb0 and @P0.

2. Press @Y( 0.4k(4.8 - 2.89 ))e.

Result5.807644175

The star is nearly six times as luminous as the sun

Example 2

A second star has only 0.0003 times the luminositabsolute magnitude?

The previous equation is equivalent to

1 P 4 8 - (l 0 0003z 0 4 )

M2 = M1

where = 0.0003

L2

L1

L2

L1

log

0.4

= 10 0.4 (M1 M2)

whereM2 = 2.89L2

L1

Ch

Memory calculations

When you want to use the calculator for tasks suc

you can perform this type of operation using sing

Example

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Example

In one week, an electrical store sold the items li

and in the quantities shown. What was the total

Item Price Quant

TV set $599.95 10

Phone $159.95 27

Clock $39.95 52

Calculator $7.95 108

1. Pressb10 to select the single-

2. Press 599.95 , 10 _, 159.95, 27 _, 39.95 , 52 _ and

7.95 , 108 _. All the data is entered.

3. PressI04e.

The calculator displays x, that is the total

sales value.

Result

Total sales were $13254 15

The state lottery

Example

The state you live in has two different numbers lotmust pick 6 numbers between 1 and 50 in any ord


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p y

have to pick 5 numbers between 1 and 35, but you

correct order. Which lottery gives you the better ch

In the first lottery, your chances of winning with on

1. Pressb0 50 @N 6 e.

Your chances of winning the second lottery with

35P5:

2. Press 35 @e 5 e.

Result

Your chances are better in the first lottery.

Appendix

Battery Replacement

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Batteries used

Use only the specified batteries.

Be sure to write down any important data

before replacing the batteries.

Notes on battery replacement

Improper handling of batteries can cause electrol

Be sure to observe the following handling rules:

Do not mix new and old batteries.

Make sure the new batteries are the correct typ

When installing, orient each battery correctly as

Batteries are factory-installed before shipment,

before reaching the service life stated in the spe

When to replace the batteriesReplace the batteries immediately when any of th

Type Model Quantity

Lithium battery CR2032 2

Appendix

Cautions

Fluid from a leaking battery accidentally entering

serious injury. Should this occur, wash with clean consult a doctor.

Should fluid from a leaking battery come in contac

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clothes, immediately wash with clean water.

If the product is not to be used for some time, to a

from leaking batteries, remove them and store in a

Do not leave exhausted batteries inside the produ Do not fit partially used batteries, and be sure not

different types.

Keep batteries out of the reach of the children.

Exhausted batteries left in the calculator may leak

calculator.

Explosion risk may be caused by incorrect handlin Do not throw batteries into a fire as they may exp

Replacement procedure

All memory contents will be cleared if you re

at the same time. Always replace each batterthe other one.

Make sure the power is turned off before replacin

Do not pressj until the battery replacemen

1. Turn the power off by pressing@o.

2. Remove the two screws.

4. Remove one used battery by prying it out wi

pointed object.

Replace one battery at this step.

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5. Install a new battery with the positive side (+

6. Repeat steps 4 and 5 to replace the other ba

7. Replace the cover and screws.

8. Press the RESET switch using the tip of a

ball-point pen or similar object.

If you cannot see the message on the

right, repeat steps 17.

Appendix

The OPTION menu

The OPTION menu controls display contrast, memo

of data.

The OPTION display

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The OPTION display

Press@o (S key) to show theOPTION menu.

Pressj to return to the mode in whichyou were working previously.

Contrast

Press0 in the OPTION menu to show theLCD CONTRAST display.

Press+ to darken the display and- to lighten it.

It is possible to lighten the display so much

that the calculator appears to be off. If the disp

you pressX, press@o0 and th

repeatedly to darken the display.

Memory check

Press1 in the OPTION menu to show theMEMORY CHECK display.

The amount of free memory in bytes isshown on the first line. When the

calculator is used for the first time, the

Deleting equation files and programs

Press2 in the OPTION menu to show theDELETE menu.

Press0 or1 to delete equationfiles or programs that have been stored

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in the NORMAL or PROG modes,

respectively.

After selecting the mode for which data is to be d

delete data. Presse to cancel the operation.

Once a file has been deleted there is no w

To delete individual files, enter the mode that con

delete and use the specific delete function from th

and 86.)

If an Abnormal Condition Occu

Should an abnormal condition occur, such as non

j) functioning, press the RESET switch locate

calculator. Refer to page 32.

Appendix

Error Messages

The following table shows common error messages

correcting the error.

Error no. Error message

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g

Verify you are uthe function you

Check you havezero or made so

Use of more thabuffers was attebuffers* for numfor calculation in

* 5 buffers in the

Make sure yoursame label namone location.

Make sure yourGotoor Gosubclabel that does n

can include labeby Gotoor Gosuaffecting progra

Make sure yourmore than 20 la

Make sure your

more than 10 lesubroutines.

Make sure your

SYNTAX

CALCULATION

NESTING

LBL DUPLICATE

LBL UNDEFINED

LBL OVER

GOSUB STACK

CANT RETURN

01

02

03

04

05

06

07

08

Using the Solver Function Effec

The calculator uses Newtons method to solve eq

Because of this, the solution it provides may diffe

an error message may be displayed for a soluble

shows how you can obtain a more acceptable sol

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shows how you can obtain a more acceptable sol

soluble in such cases.

Newtons method

Newtons method is a successive

approximation technique that uses

tangential lines. The calculator chooses

an approximate solution then calculates

and compares the right-hand and left-

hand sides of the equation. Based on theresult of this comparison, it chooses

another approximate solution. It repeats

this process until there is hardly any

discrepancy between the right-hand and

left-hand sides of the equation.

Dead end approximations

When@h is pressed for the firsttime, the calculator takes the value that is stored

value is stored, to be the initial expected value fo

tries to solve the equation. If it fails to find an accexpected value, it tries again using up to nine mo

until a solution is found. If none of the values

So

y

NeIntetheapp

Ne

Calculation accuracy

The calculator solves an equation by comparin

hand and right-hand sides of the equation thro

operations. If the value of the left-hand side is s

agreeing with that of the right-hand side the ca

of the approximate values as a solution eve

Appendix

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of the approximate values as a solution eve

solution.

The calculator will also stop trying to solve an

either when it has performed more than 50 iterexpected value or when it has obtained an app

the same (to 10-digit accuracy) twice in succes

Changing the range of expected values

After entering your equation by pressing

I5, press@J to adjust the

range of expected values. The calculator will

then prompt you for a range of expected

values (between 1 1099 and +1 1099) to

be used in the calculation.

The range of expected values returns to its def+1 1010) when the current equation is cleared

After entering the lower and upper limits (a and b) o

values, pressj to return to the previous display

The best solution can be found by defining the

b) or initial value close to the expected solution Having done this, press@h several tim

different solutions You can judge which of thes

Equations that are difficult to solve

Newtons method has problems in solving

certain types of equations, either because

the tangential lines it uses to approximate the

solutions iterate only slowly toward the

correct answer or because they do not

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correct answer, or because they do not

iterate there at all. Examples of such

equations include equations of which steep

slopes are a feature (e.g. y = 10x

5), periodicfunctions (e.g. y = sin x), functions featuring

an inflection (e.g. y = x33x2 + x + 5) and

functions where the unknown variable

appears as a denominator (e.g. y = 8/x + 1).

Many of those equations may become

soluble if a range of expected values is

defined that corresponds closely to the real

solution.

For periodic functions such as sin x andcos x, the gradient near peaks or

troughs is very shallow. If the initial

expected value falls too close to a peak

or trough, the calculator may iterate to

a totally different cycle of the function

and will not obtain an accurate solution.Make sure the initial expected value is

an appropriate distance between a

SBtcbo

SIcws

Appendix

Technical Data

Calculation ranges Within the ranges specified, the calculator i

least significant digit of the mantissa. Howe

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calculations the calculation error increases

accumulation of each successive calculatio

same for yx,x , n!, ex, Inetc., where continu

performed internally.)

Furthermore, the calculation error will accu

larger in the vicinity of inflection points and

functions, and in programmed repetitive cal

Calculation ranges

10-99 to 9.999999999 1099 and 0.

If the absolute value of an entry or a final or interme

calculation is less than 10-99, the value is considered

and on the display.

Function DynamicDEG: |x| < 1010

(tanx: |x|

sinx, cosx, RAD: |x| < 101

tanx (tanx: |x|

GRAD: |x| < 101

(tanx: |x|

180

109

Function Dynam

ex 10100

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nPr0 r n 999999999

< 10100

nCr

0 r n 9999999990 r 69

< 10100

DEG, DMS 000.00001 |x| <

x,yr, x2 +y2 < 10100

0 r< 10100

DEG: | | < 1010

r, x,y RAD: | | <

GRAD | | 10

n!(n-r)!

n!(n-r)!

180

10

sinh1x |x| < 1050

cosh1x 1 x< 1050

tanh1x |x| < 1

x2 |x| < 1050

x3 |x| < 2.15443469 1

x 0 x< 10100

x1 |x| < 10100 (x 0)

n! 0 n 69*

__

Appendix

Function Dynamic

DEC DEC : |x| 99999999

BIN BIN : 1000000000PEN 0 x 111111

OCT PEN : 2222222223 HEX 0 x 2222222

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BIN : 1000000000 0 x 111111

PEN : 2222222223

NOT

0 x 2222222

OCT : 4000000000 0 x 3777777

HEX : FDABF41C01 0 x 2540BE

BIN : 1000000001 0 x 111111

PEN : 2222222223

NEG0 x 2222222

OCT : 4000000001 0 x 3777777

HEX : FDABF41C01

0 x 2540BE

* n, r: integer

AND OCT : 4000000000 OR 0 x 3777777

XOR HEX : FDABF41C01 XNOR 0 x 2540BE

ManagementCharacte

commandsvariable

Program title

If A=0 Goto ABC

A=A+1

32 bytes

3 bytes

3 bytes

8 bytes

5 bytes

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3 bytes 5 bytes

Total consumption 38 bytes 13 byte

Filing Equation functions

Each stored equation uses 30 bytes plus the num

commands.

Priority levels in calculations

Operations are performed according to the follow

Fractions (14, etc.)

, engineering prefixes

Functions preceded by their argument (x1

, x2

Yx, x

Implied multiplication of a memory value (2Y, e

Functions followed by their argument (sin, cos

Implied multiplication of a function (2sin30, etc

nCr, nPr

,

Specifications

Model: EL-5230/5250

Display type: [14 characters and 2

Dot matrix characters: 5 7 dots /characte

Number of display digits: 10 digit mantissa +

Appendix

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Number of display digits: 10-digit mantissa +

Input ranges: 10-99 to 9.999999

(up to 10-digit mantiNumber of internal

calculation digits: 14-digit mantissa

Pending operations: 24 calculations 10 n

values in the CPLX

Calculation functions: Calculations (four baoperations, calculati

memory calculations

etc.), differential/inte

pental/octal/decimal

solver functions, sim

complex number caStatistical calculations: One-variable statisti

normal probability ca

Equation solvers: Simultaneous linear

quadratic/cubic equa

Programming function: New programming, editing a program an

O i LCD

Dimensions: 79.6 mm (W) 15

3-1/8 (W) 6-3/3

Weight: Approx. 97 g (0.22

but not including h

Accessories: 2 lithium batteries

manual, quick refe

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, q

* This value may vary according to the way the c

factors.

For More Information about Scientific C

Visit our Web site.

http://sharp-world.com/calculator/

This equipment complies with the requirements of Directive 868/EEC.

Dieses Gert entspricht den Anforderungen der EG-Richtlinie68/EWG.

Ce matriel rpond aux exigences contenues dans la directive directive 93/68/CEE.

Dit apparaat voldoet aan de eisen van de richtlijn 89/336/EEG

Dette udstyr overholder kravene i direktiv nr. 89/336/EEC me

Quest apparecchio conforme ai requisiti della direttiva 89/3direttiva 93/68/EEC.

89/336/

In Europe:

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SHARP CORPORATION

04LGK (TINSE0796EHZZ)PRINTED IN CHINA / IMPRIM EN CHINE / IMPRESO EN CHINA

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EL5250