evM `v` †_ ‡K Kzw`© ’vb- K zw`© ’v‡ bi w` b¸ wj

‡kvfb kvgm&

XvKv †_‡K evM`v`

beŸB Gi `k‡Ki †klfv‡e BivK weaŸ¯’| Avš—R©vwZK Ae‡iva BivKx‡`i Rxeb‡K ywe©mn K‡i

Zy‡j‡Q| BivK Gqvi I‡q‡Ri wegvb AvKv‡k D‡o bv| evM`v` Avš—R©vwZK wegvb e›`‡i wegvb Dov

wbwl×| wewPÎ nvRv‡iv mgm¨vq RR©wiZ BivK hLb wVK GB mg‡q XvKv †_‡K evM`v‡` hvIqvi Rb¨ cÖ —yZ

nw”Q| GK eQi Biv‡K _vK‡Z n‡e ZvB GKB mv‡_ gvbwlK cÖ —ywZI wbw”Q| Kz‡qZ Gqvi I‡q‡R K‡i

Kz‡qZ n‡q evM`v` †h‡Z n‡e| Kz‡q‡Zi wfmv †bqv n‡q‡Q| evKx e¨e ’v Kz‡q‡Z †M‡j n‡e Avkv Kiv

hv‡”Q| h_v mg‡q wegvb †`k †Q‡o we‡`‡ki c‡_ Dovj w`j| wegv‡bi wm‡U Mv Gwj‡q fvewQjvg Avevi

KZw`b ci †`‡k wdie|

we‡Kj †ejv Kz‡qZ wegvb e›`‡i bvgjvg| evB‡i cÖPÛ †iv` Z‡e wegvb e›`‡ii †fZi Gwmi VvÛv

Av‡gR| Avie †`‡k kxZKvj ïi“ n‡e n‡e Ki‡Q| wWDwU wd« k‡c wKQy¶Y †NvivNywi Kijvg Zvici

UªvbwRU jvD‡Ä A‡c¶v KiwQjvg| †hLvb †_‡K Avgv‡`i Gqvi †cv‡U©i mvwdi †nv‡U‡j wb‡q †Mj|

Kz‡q‡Z UªvbwRU hvÎx‡`i evB‡i hvIhvi AbygwZ bv _vK†j GB †nv‡U‡j ivLv nq| mܨvi w`‡K †nv‡U‡j

Gjvg| i“g¸‡jv my›`i| fvjB _vKvi e¨e¯’v| wi‡mck‡b mܨv mvZUvi mgq wWbv‡ii Rb¨ WvBwbs G

Avm‡Z ejj| ciw`b †fv‡ii bv¯—v mKvj mvZUvi g‡a¨ †kl K‡i Avgv‡`i evM`v‡`i wegv‡b Po‡Z n‡e|

i“‡g †d«m n‡q †nv‡U‡ji jvD‡Ä †b‡g Gjvg| Pvwiw`‡K KuvP jvMv‡bv, y‡i ivbI‡q‡Z †c−‡bi DVvbvgv †`Lv

hv‡”Q| Av‡m cv‡k Kz‡qZ wegvb evwnbxi A‡bK wegvb n¨vsMv‡i ivLv | y‡i nvBI‡q w`‡q Kz‡qZ kn‡ii

w`‡K Mvox Pj‡Q| Pvwiw`‡K i“¶ gi“gq „k¨, MvQcvjv I mey‡Ri Abycw¯’wZ‡Z †Pv‡L †Kgb †hb av°v

jv‡M| wiwmck‡b †ek K‡qKUv †`vKvb| Km‡gwUKm,Nwo I wbZ¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq wKQy wKQy wRwbl †mLv‡b

cvIqv hvq| †mjm Mvj©¸‡jv meB wdwjwc‡bv| ’vbxq gvwjK wKsev Kz‡qwZ g¨v‡bRvi‡`i mv‡_ †Pv‡L †Pv‡L

K_v ej‡Q| KjKj K‡i nvm‡Q| Zv‡`i XjvXwj †ek †Pv‡L covi gZ| wWbv‡i hvIqvi Av‡M GK †mjm

Mvj©‡K wb‡q GK Kz‡qwZ Mvox K‡i nvIqv n‡q ‡Mj| ey‡d wm‡÷‡g wWbvi, †ek A‡bK AvB‡Ug| †L‡Z

em‡ZB †`Ljvg GKRb I‡qUvi Avgv‡`i cv‡k †NvivNywi Ki‡Q| Kv‡Q WvKjvg, evsjv‡`‡ki †Q‡j|

Avgv‡`i‡K †`‡L I K_v ej‡Z †c‡i †ek Lykx n‡jv| †Kvb wKQy jvM‡e wKbv wRÁvmv Kij, meB Av‡Q

ZvB Zv‡K e¨¯— n‡Z gvbv Kijvg| ZviciI †m Avgv‡`i Rb¨ †¯úkvj wKQy Ki‡Z Pvq| LvIqv †k‡l †Kv_v

†_‡K gRvi gRvi wKQy †WRvU© I dj G‡b w`j| i“‡g wb‡q †L‡Z ejj wKQy dj| Zvi Avš—wiKZvq gy»

njvg Zvi hw` †Kvb mgm¨v nq,GK_v ejv‡Z ejj, †m GB wkd‡Ui `vwq‡Z¡ Av‡Q| †nv‡U‡j evsjv‡`kx

†evW©vi †Zgb cvq bv ZvB Avgv‡`i †`‡L Zvi Av‡eM mvgjv‡Z cv†iwb| †`‡ki K_v ïb‡Z †c‡i Zvi

cÖPÛ Avb›` n‡”Q AvR| AvgivI Zvi Avb›`gvLv gyL †`‡L i“‡g wd‡i Gjvg| wKQy¶Y wUwf †`‡L Nyg|

†fvi‡ejv D‡V Rvbvjv w`‡q GKUz †Nvjv‡U mKvj †`LwQjvg| ZL‡bv m~h© D‡Vwb| †`‡k G mgqUv †ek

cweÎ cweÎ jv‡M GLv‡b †Kgb †hb Kzqvkv Kzqvkv fve| mKv‡j bv —v †m‡i gvB‡µvev‡m K‡i evM`v` Mvgx

wegv‡b P‡o emjvg| cÖvq yB N›Uv i“¶ gi“f~wgi Dci w`‡q Dovi ci wegvb nveŸvwbqv mvgwiK wegvb

NvwU‡Z bvgj| ’vbxq mgq ZLb mKvj GMv‡ivUv| Avmvi c‡_ bx‡P gi“f~wgi g‡a¨ BivK Kz‡qZ hy‡×i

mgq BivKx‡`i †d‡j hvIqv I aŸŸsm n‡q hvIqv U¨vsK, Rxc, UªvK BZ¨vw` Qwo‡q wQwU‡q Av‡Q †`Ljvg|

Kvj Kvj `vM †`‡L †evSv hvw”Pj G¸‡jv †evgvi AvNv‡Z I Av¸‡b R¡‡j †M‡Q| mviv c‡_ †Kvb mey‡Ri

wPý †bB| gvbylRb GZ Dci †_‡K †`Lv hvq bv †Zgb Rbc` I †`wLwb| GK‡N‡q „k¨ wKQy¶Y †`‡L

Avi †`L‡Z B”Qv K‡iwb ZvB †PvL eÜ K‡i Z› ªvi †Póv KiwQjvg|

wegvb †_‡K †b‡g GKUv Mi‡gi njKv Abyfe Kijvg| ZvcgvÎv †ek evB‡i| y‡i ivbI‡q‡Z gwiwPKv

†`Lv hv‡”Q| BivKx hy× wegvb ¸‡jv †bv d¬vB †Rv‡bi Kvi‡b Do‡Z bv †c‡i gvwU‡Z MR©b Ki‡Q| KZ¸‡jv

aŸsmI n‡q †M‡Q †`Ljvg| wekvj wegvb NvwU| gvwUi bx‡P †c−b ivLvi Rb¨ evsKvi Av‡Q| †Kvb †KvbUv

†`vZvjv| †Zj †cvov KUz MÜ fvm‡Q Pvwiw`‡K wegvb ¸‡jvi GKRó †_‡K †ei nIqv †auvqv e× gi“fywgi

evZvm fvix K‡i Zyj‡Q|

bvgvi ci Kvógm ‡PwKs, †n‡j y‡j BivKx Kvógm Awdmviiv we‡`kx‡`i gvjcÎ †PK Ki‡Q,Zv‡`i †Kvb

Zvov †bB| N›UvLv‡bK ci me dg©vwjwUR †kl K‡i evB‡i Gjvg| gvjcÎ f¨v‡b Zy‡j w`‡q Gwm †Kvóv‡i

emjvg| Gqvi †cvU© †_‡K Avgv‡`i evm evM`v‡`i c‡_ Pjv ïi“ Kij| wekvj Gqvi †cvU© | wewfbœ Awj

Mwji PIov iv¯—vq A‡bK¶Y NyicvK †L‡q Ae‡k‡l evB‡i Gjvg| evB‡i †Lvjv gi“f~wgi evZvm GKUz wø»

g‡b n‡jv| Kv‡QB nveŸvwbqv kni| GK mgq GB kni weL¨vZ Uzwió ¯úU wQj| GLv‡b Uzwió wf‡jR ,

myBwgs cyj, †nv‡Uj , †ióz‡i›U BZ¨vw` cwiKwíZ Dcv‡q evbv‡bv i‡q‡Q| hy× cieZx© Biv‡K G¸‡jv GLb

cwiZ¨³| ch©UKiv GB ytL RvMvwbqv †`‡k †Kb Avm‡e| Biv‡K Avb‡›`i Aewkó Avi wKB ev Av‡Q|

Mvox ª“Z †e‡M Pj‡Q| iv —v¸‡jv wekvj wcPXvjv, gv‡S gv‡S GKUz Lvivc n‡jI †ek gReyZ fv‡e

evbv‡bv| wKQy¶Y Pjvi ci GKUv Rbc‡` Xy‡K cojvg| kn‡i Aí wKQy gvbyl,gy‡L nvwm †bB| †nu‡U Pj‡Q

wKš‘ †hb cÖvbnxb gwjb| †`vKvb cvU †`Lv hv‡”Q wKQy †Lvjv wKQy eÜ| GB ycy‡ii Mi‡g gvbyl wKQy wKQy

evB‡i nvU‡Q Z‡e msL¨v nv‡Z †Mvbv,evM`v` kn‡ii Kv‡Q hZB Avm‡Q ZZB d¬vB Ifvi,†gvUi I‡q †`Lv

hv‡”Q| cwðwg †`k¸‡jvi gZ wewfbœ kn‡ii bvg I yiZ¡ iv¯—vi Dci †ev‡W© wjLv i‡q‡Q| †Kvb kn‡i †Kvb

Gw·U w`‡q †ei n‡Z n‡e Zv Zxi wPý w`‡q †`Lv‡bv i‡q‡Q| GKUz †e‡Lqvj n‡j 20/30 wK‡jvwgUvi c_

Ny‡i Avevi †mB RvqMvq Avm‡Z n‡e| me IqvbI‡q †ivW,WªvBfvi GKk wK‡jvwgUv‡ii †ekx w¯ú‡o Mvox

Pvjv‡”Q| †mvgvjxq WªvBfvi, Aviex fvlv fvlx PzcPvc wbR g‡b Pvwj‡q hv‡”Q| Aviex GKUv Mvb evR‡Q

K¨v‡m‡U| Avie¨ Dcb¨v‡mi evM`v` bMix‡Z P‡j Gjvg| wekvj wekvj iv¯—v wekvj GjvKv wb‡q bvbv

gby‡g›U RvqMvi †hgb KgwZ †bB †Zgwb wekvj wekvj gyb‡g›U ¸‡jvI kn‡ii †mŠ›`h© e„w× Ki‡Q| †Kv_vI

Aa© mgvß †`vZjv wZbZjv iv —v| cvÂvk eQ‡ii bMi cwiKíbv ev¯—evq‡bi Rb¨ Gme evbv‡bv nw”Qj|

hy× me _vwg‡q w`‡q‡Q| evM`v` GLb Avi †mB jvm¨gqx bq| Rxeb msMÖv‡g †Kvb g‡Z ay‡K ay‡K ev``v`

†eu‡P i‡q‡Q| cÖv‡bv”Q¡j †mB evM`v` bMixi K_v A‡bK ï‡bwQjvg,ev —‡ei evM`v` †`‡L gbUv GKUz

Lvivc n‡q †Mj| K¨vbvj †nv‡U‡j G‡m bvgjvg| GLv‡b wewfbœ dg©vwjwUR †k‡l Kviv`v `v‡L‡j †Mjvg|

GB iv¯—vi cv‡k †ek wKQy †nv‡Uj Av‡Q| AvcvZZ G¸‡jvi †h †Kvb GKUv‡Z K‡qK w`b KvUv‡Z n‡e|

†n ywLbx BivK †Zvgvi ytL evov‡Z bq

myw`‡bi †d‡j Avmv wKsev A‡`Lv ARvbv my‡Li Avkvq bq

‡Zvgv‡K Abyf‡e †c‡Z †P‡qwQ †Zvgvi ytmg‡q

mge¨v_xi ggZvq mnvbyfywZ I mü`qZvq|

ev M ` v† ` GK m ܨvq

ZvBwMÖm b`x , evM`v`

evM`v†` Avgvi mvgwqK Avkªq †nv‡Uj Kvw›`j, BivKx fvlvq d› yK Kvw›`j| GUv Kviv`v

`vwLj iv —vi cv‡k¦© | †nv‡U†j Gwm I Ab¨vb¨ me e¨e ’v Av‡Q| evsjv‡`kx †kvbv‡Z wi‡mck‡bi

†jvKRb †ek Lykx , gymwjg eªv`vi| GKUz GKUz VvÛv wQj AvenvIqv | mv‡_ kx‡Zi cÖ —ywZ Av‡Q |

evsjv‡`k †_‡K Kz‡qZ n‡q Biv‡Ki nveŸvwbqv wegvb e›`‡i G‡m †cŠQvB| †mLvb †_‡K Mvox‡Z

P‡o evM`v`|

GKUz †d«m n‡Z n‡Z mÜv n‡q †Mj| Avgiv K‡qKRb evM`v‡`i iv —vq Nyi‡Z

†ei njvg| gvbylRb iv¯—vq †Zgb †bB | Avgv†`i Aviex fvlvi Ávb cÖvq ïb¨| gvby‡li mv†_

Bs‡iRx‡Z K_v ejvi †Póv Kwi| †nv‡Uj Kviv`v Bb ev Kviv`v `v‡Lj iv¯—vi cv‡k| Kvw›`j

†nv‡Uj ev d› yK Kvw›`j †_‡K wKQy yi GwM‡q ‡M‡jB Avjx evev †¯‹vqvi|

Kvnvigvbv

Avie¨ Dcb¨v‡mi †mB Avjxevev Pwjk †Pvi M‡íi gvR©vbvi K_v †K bv Rv‡b| GLv‡bB

†mB Kvnvigvbv ev gvR©vbvi ¯’vcbv| BivKx ’cwZ †gvnv¤§` Mvwb GUvi ¯’cwZ| GLv‡b PjwjkUv

eo †jvnvi cv‡Îi Dci gvR©vbv `vwo‡q Av‡Q| gvR©vbvi nv‡Zi cvÎ †_‡K Mig †Zj Xvjvi

„k¨| GB gby‡g‡›U †mB Mig †Z‡ji e`‡j cvwbi †dvqviv bvg‡Q gvR©vbvi cvÎ †_‡K| iv‡Zi

†ejv GUv Av‡jvwKZ _v‡K Ges Ac~e© Avie¨ iRbxi „k¨ dy‡U D‡V|

eo iv¯—vq G‡m Avgiv Lvev‡ii mÜv‡b †ei njvg | Lvev‡ii †`vKvbI †c‡q †Mjvg | y¤vi

gvsm w`‡q †mvqvg©v , mvjv`mn GK ai‡Yi j¤v ebi“wUi wfZi gvsm †K‡U f‡i w`‡”Q |

i“wU‡K Giv LeyR e‡j | 250 w`bvi `vg| GK Wjv‡i cÖvq 1850-1950 BivKx w`bvi| evM`v‡`

G¸‡jv‡K Iiv Qvcv‡bv UvKv e‡j| Avi Kzw © ’v‡b GK Wjv‡i †cZvg 25 w`bvi , GUv‡K e‡j

myBm gvwb, cyiv‡bv BivKx UvKv | BivK Bivb hy‡×i Av‡M GK w`bvi wQj wZb `kwgK wZb

Wjvi | nvq‡i Afve I gy ªvùxwZ ! GKUv mf¨, DbœZ I abx RvwZ wKfv‡e wZ‡j wZ‡j Afve

mn¨ Ki‡Q GUv ZLbKvi Biv‡K bv †M‡j †evSv ‡hZ bv| Avgv‡`i‡K †`‡L †jvKRb ejj †Kvb

†`‡ki? Rvbvjvg evsjv‡`k| Iiv e‡j BwÛqvi Kv‡Q, fviZxq ev wnwÛqv | gymjgvb ejv‡Z ‡ek

Lykx| ¯vMZ Rvbv‡jv | j¤v PIov gvbyl¸‡jv, gy‡L my‡Li Qvc †bB | AmyLx †Pnviv wb‡q Rxeb

†U‡b wb‡q hv‡”Q | iv‡Zi Lvev‡i †Ljvg †mvqvg©v I LeyR w`‡q, mv‡_ BivKx †KvKv†Kvjvi gZ

cvbxq, †ek gRv, GUvi `vg 200 w`bvi, fvjB jvMj | wewfbœ †d¬fv‡ii Av‡Q , †jgbUv †ek

gRvi| Gici dyUcvZ w`‡q nvU‡Z jvMjvg D‡Ïk¨nxb fv‡e| dyUcv‡Z eB wewµ n‡”Q, BivKx eB,

Aviex BsivRx me ai‡bi | Aviex wkLvi GKUv eB wKbjvg | eB covi mL eive‡ii | Gevi

Avie †`‡k G‡m Aviex wkL‡Z B”Qv Kij | iv¯—vi dyUcv‡Z e‡m gvbylRb †Ljbv,

PK‡jU,wew¯‹U wewµ Ki‡Q | Avgv‡`i †`‡ki gZ GZ nKvi I †µZv bvB| gvbyl Zv‡`i

wb‡R‡`i Ni Gi Avmeve cÎ I wb‡q G‡m‡Q wewµi Rb¨ | Afv‡ei GKUv bMœ i“c †`Ljvg

| Z‡e Giv ‰ah© a‡i Av‡Q | gyy‡L yt‡Li K_v ev Afve e‡j bv , †`‡L eySv hvq |

evM`v‡`i my‡Li mg‡qi i“‡ci PgK †`Lvi †mŠfvM¨ nqwb| ZeyI Biv‡K cÖevm Rxeb

hvcb Kv‡j hv †`‡LwQ ZvB †gvwnZ K‡i‡Q GB gb‡K| GKUvi ci GKUv hy× I Ae‡iva bv

_vK‡j GB †`kUv †h KZ yi P‡j †hZ Zv mn‡RB †evSv hvq| iv —v¸‡jv d«vÝ I Rvg©vb

wbg©vbKvix cÖwZôvb ¸‡jv cÂvk erm‡ii cwiKíbv wb‡q ˆZix ïi“ K‡iwQj| GKZjv †`vZjv

iv¯—vi ci Z…Zxq Zjvq G‡m KvR _g‡K †M‡Q| KZ AvÛvi cvm I d¬vB Ifvi ‡h Av‡Q evM`v`

kn‡i Zv wnmve Kwiwb| hy× I mwVK †bZ…‡Z¡i Afve, GKUv cÖvbcÖvPz‡h© fiv bMix‡K bxim ytL

RvMvwbqv bMix‡Z cwibZ K‡i| evM`v` †hb ZviB cÖwZg~wZ©|

ZvBwMÖm b`x , evM`v`

Ave ybvIqvR moK, evM`v`

eo cxo (i) mv‡n‡ei gvRvi I gmwR`

evM`v‡` Avm‡jB Ry¤§vi bvgvR eo cxi nhiZ Avãyj Kv‡`i wRjvbx (i) Gi gmwR‡`

covi †Póv KiZvg| eocxi (i) mv‡n‡ei gvRv‡i hvIqvi K_v ïb‡jB gbUv f‡i †hZ| †nv‡Uj

†_‡K †Uw· wb‡q P‡j AvmZvg GLv‡b| U¨vw· WªvBfvi‡K Avãyj Kv‡`i wRjvbx (i) ej‡jB

RvqMvgZ †cŠ‡Q ‡hZvg| †Uw· fvov 500 w`bvi jvMZ Avgv‡` UvKvq 12 UvKv †ek m —v|

gvRv‡ii cv‡kB gmwR`| gmwR‡` XyKvi c‡_ †dixIqvjviv AvZi Zmwen,ZeviK BZ¨vw` bvbv

wRwblc‡Îi cmiv mvwR‡q e‡m‡Q| GKUz GwM‡q †M‡j gmwR‡`i g~j c_ I Ihy Kivi RvhMv|

gmwR‡`i g‡a¨ †fZ‡i wekvj PZ¡i| Ry¤§vi w`‡b gvbyl c~Y© n‡q hvq| PZ¡‡ii †cQ‡b AvevwmK

GjvKv Qv·`i _vKvi Rb¨| †mLv‡b hvIqv nqwb|

eocxi (i) gvRvi gmwR‡`i GKcv‡k¦© we‡kl we‡kl mg‡q Zv †Lvjv nq| ZLb

`k©bv_x©iv †fZ‡i wM‡q gvRv‡ii Pvicvk Ny‡i Av‡m I i“‡ni gvM‡divZ Kvgbv K‡i| AwZ

Av‡eM cÖeY gvbyl gv‡S gv‡S iIhvq Pzgy Lvq I †eóbx a‡i `vwo‡q wM‡q KvbœvKvwU K‡i| cywjk

†ek i“X fv‡e Zv‡`i mwi‡q †`q| mvaviYZ Ry¤§vi bvgv‡Ri ci wKQy¶‡Yi Rb¨ gvRi †Lvjv

nq| Av‡M †_‡K `vuwo‡q bv _vK‡j wfZi Pv‡c †XvKv †ek KóKi nq| evM`v‡` _vKv Kvwjb

†gvUvgywU cÖvq me Ry¤§vi bvgvR GB gmwR‡` covi my‡hvM Avj−vn w`‡qwQ‡jb| Ry¤§vevi 12 Uvi

Av‡MB gmwR` I Zvi Avkcv‡ki GjvKv gymj−x‡Z f‡i hvq| ZvB U¨vw· wb‡q Avgiv Av‡MB

P‡j G‡mwQ| GZ¶‡b gmwR` f‡i wM‡q evB‡ii wekvj PZ¡‡i gvbyl XyK‡Q wKQy wKQy gmj−x

IRyi Rb¨ `vwo‡q Av‡Q| GB gmwR‡`i GKRb Lv‡`g evsjv‡`kx| †ek eq¯‹ cÖvq 40 ermi

a‡i GB gmwR‡` wL`gZ K‡i Avm‡Qb| Avgiv `‡j K‡qKRb nIqv‡Z I K_v ï‡b wZwb

GwM‡q G‡m‡Qb| wZwb Aviex fvlq my›`i fv‡e K_v e‡jb Z‡e evsjv fy‡j hvbwb| mvjvg w`‡q

Zvi †LvR Lei wRÁvmv Kijvg| G‡`‡ki Ki“b Ae ’v‡ZI wZwb †gvUvgywU Rxebhvcb Ki‡Qb|

¯¿x I †ek K‡qKRb mš—vb Av‡Q Zuvi| †`‡k hvIqv Avi n‡q D‡Vwb| ‡g‡q‡`i‡K ¯’vbxq

†Q‡j‡`i mv‡_ we‡q w`‡q‡Qb| †Q‡jivI G‡`kxq †g‡q‡K we‡q K‡i‡Q| w`b †K‡U hv‡”Q|

Avgv‡`i‡K Dcnvi w`‡Z PvB‡jb| AvgivI Zuv‡K wKQy Dcnvi w`jvg| wZwb AvZi w`‡jb I

†`vKvb ¸‡jv†Z wb‡q wM‡q fvj `v‡g Avgv‡`i cQ‡›`i wRwbl wKb‡Z mvnvh¨ Ki‡jb| Ry¤§vi

bvgvR †k‡l Avgiv gmwR‡`i †fZ‡i XywK GZ¶‡b wKQy RvqMv duvKv n‡q‡Q| Z‡e A‡bK

AvMÖnx gymj−x gvRvi †hqvi‡Zi Rb¨ A‡c¶v Ki‡Q| gmwR‡`i wfZi Kv‡c©U weQv‡bv †Kvivb

kixd Av‡Q †KD †KD †Kvivb co‡Q| Lv‡`g `iRv Ly‡j †`qvi mv‡_ mv‡_B wfo Dc‡Q co‡Q

gvRv‡ii †fZ‡i hvIqvi Rb¨ fx‡oi g‡a¨ †fZ‡i XyK‡ZB †Pv‡L Avcbv Avcwb cvwb P‡j

G‡jv| GUv fw³ bv fvjevmvq eyS‡Z cvijvg bv| †QvU †ejv †_‡K eocxi (i) bvg ï‡bwQ

AvR Zuvi iIRv †gveviK †`Lvi †mŠfvM¨ Avj−vn w`‡jb| Avj−vni Kv‡Q A‡kl †kvKi, Avwgb,

Biv‡K _vKvKvjxb gvRv‡ii wfZi 2 evi †h‡Z †c‡i wQjvg e‡j wb‡R‡K ‡ek †mŠfvM¨evb g‡b

K‡iwQ| Avj−vi Kv‡Q hvevi Rb¨ †`vqv PvBjvg gbUv f‡i †Mj|

Biv‡K GB gvRvi‡K Avj Kv‡`wiqv gvRvi e‡j| GUv Avj i“mvdv GjvKvi eve Avj

†kL G Aew ’Z| eve Avj †kL,‡kL Avãyj Kv‡`i Avj wRjvbx (i) Gi bvgvbymv‡i ivLv

n‡q‡Q| GB RvqMvUv GKmgq nv¤jx Bmjvgx e¨w³Z¡ †kL gyeviK web Avjx web Avj y mvBb

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wekvj GjvKv wb‡q „wó b›`b gmwR`| †kl we‡K‡j Avgiv hLb gmwR‡` hvB ZLb †jvKRb

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nvwbdv Ges Avj Av`nvwgqv †Rjvq Aew ’Z| Kw_Z Av‡Q 767 L„óv‡ã (150 wnRix ) hLb

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Avgiv wb‡R‡`i nvbvdx gvhnv‡ei Abymvix wn‡m‡e Rvwb ZvB Avgv‡`i Bgvg Gi gvRvi

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nvwbdv 701 mv‡j Kzdv bM‡i Rb¥ MÖnb K‡ib| wZwb imyj (mt) Gi KwZcq eq‡Rô mvnvexi

ms¯ú‡k© Avmvi my‡hvM cvb Ges Zv‡`i wbKU n‡Z mivmwi Ávb jvf K‡ib cieZx©‡Z wZwb

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AwZµg K‡i G‡m‡Q| 1066 mv‡j myjZvb Avimvjvb Gi mgq Gi wKQy ms¯‹vi Kiv nq Ges

GKUv wekvj M¤yR wbg©vY Kiv nq| cieZx©‡Z 1638 mv‡j eZ©gvb gmwR‡`i M¤yRwU wbwg©Z nq|

eZ©gvb gmwR`wU 1871 mv‡j wbwg©Z nq gvRvi msjMœ GjvKv‡Z Ges 1903 mv‡j GUv‡K

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2000 w`bvi Ges Kgc‡¶ 990 w`bvi cvIqv †hZ| Avigvb fvB Gi Rgv‡bv UvKvi †Kvb

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fvj BivKxI A‡bK Av‡Q| Zv‡`i Aby‡iva K‡i gvwU Kvg‡o ytL e¨v_v m‡q wZwb Ges Zvi

g‡Zv Av‡iv A‡b‡K Biv‡Ki wewfbœ RvqMvq wVKvbv wenxb Ae ’vq †Kvb iKg Rxeb hvcb

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g~‡j¨ wewµ Kiv hv‡e| eyS‡Z cvijvg e¨emvwqK Kvi‡Y w`bv‡ii Aeg~j¨vq‡bi my‡hv‡M Zviv `vgx †cBw›Us

¸‡jv msMÖn Ki‡Q| †gvnv¤§‡`i mv‡_ wKQy¶Y K_v e‡j Rvbjvg GB Qwe wewµi UvKvq Zvi msmvi P‡j|

hLb fvj wewµ nq ZLb gbUv Lykx‡Z f‡i D‡V| gv‡S gv‡S †Zgb wewµ nq bv ZLb K¬vš— †`‡n N‡i

†div| gvbyl ¸‡jv †hb ytL †eva‡K mnR fv‡e MÖnb K‡i wb‡Z wk‡L †M‡Q| K‡qKUv Qwe wKbe ejv‡Z

Lywk n‡q Avgv‡`i‡K Zvi AvuKv Qwe †`wL‡q Zvi ga¨ †_‡K cQ›` Ki‡Z ejj| Avgiv KRb †`‡L †`‡L

Biv‡Ki ¯§„wZ wn‡m‡e †h¸‡jv fvj jvMj †m¸‡jv wKbjvg| †gvnv¤§` Lywk n‡q Avgv‡`i mvg‡bB is w`‡q

GKUv Qwe Gu‡K Dcnvi wn‡m‡e w`j| ejj GUv Avgvi c¶ †_‡K, Avgv‡K g‡b †i‡Lv| Zvi nvwmgyL †`‡L

Qwe ¸‡jv wb‡q †nv‡U‡j wd‡i Gjvg|

gm yj kn‡i

nhiZ BDbyQ (Avt) Gi gvRvi, gmyj

Biv‡K Ae ’vb Kvjxb mg‡q gmyj kni †`Lvi Rb¨ AbygwZ PvBjvg | evM`v` †_‡K Dˇii

me‡P‡q e„nËi cÖ‡`k n‡”Q wb‡b‡f| Gi ivRavbx kni n‡”Q gmyj| evM`v` †_‡K Pvi kÕ wK.wg. Dˇi|

eZ©gv‡b †hvMv‡hvM n‡”Q †ij I moK c‡_| moK gmyj n‡q P‡j †M‡Q wmwiqv I Zyi‡¯‹i c‡_| Biv‡Ki

DËivs‡ki wZbwU cÖ‡`k A_©vr Biwej,WûK I †mvjvqgvwbqv w`‡Ki †ewki fvM iv —v ïi“ n‡q‡Q gmyj

†_‡K| Biv‡Ki wKQy wKQy cÖ‡`‡k †eov‡Z †M‡j Avf¨š—ixY welqK gš¿bvj‡qi AbygwZ wb‡Z nq |

Avgiv ag© gš¿bvj‡qi AbygwZ PvBjvg | gmyj kn‡i A‡bK bexi gvRvi Ges nhiZ RwR©m (

Avt ) Gi gvRv‡i imyj ( mvt ) Gi uvwo †gveviK msiw¶Z Av‡Q | gymjgvb nIqvi myev‡`

AbygwZ wgjj | ag© gš¿bvjq †_‡K GKRb wjqv‡Ruv Awdmvi Avgv‡`i‡K w`j | gmyj Biv‡Ki

GKUv Ab¨Zg cÖavb kni | GB kn‡i †ek wKQy †Zj‡¶Î Av‡Q Ges wbqwgZ D‡Ëvjb n‡”Q

Gme †¶Î †_‡K | nhiZ RwR©m ( Avt ) Gi gvRvi gmy‡ji cyiv‡bv GjvKvq | bZyb kn‡ii

gZ Gi iv —vNvU PIov bv, Z‡e Mvox P‡j | GjvKvUv †Zgb DbœZ bv gvbylI †Zgb †bB |

Mvox †_‡K †b‡g Mwj c‡_ †nu‡U †nu‡U gmwR‡`i w`‡K †Mjvg | Mwji ycv‡k †QvU †QvU Ni |

c‡i Rvbjvg Gme RvqMvq Av‡M Biv‡Ki Bû`xiv _vKZ | Zv‡`i _vKvi RvqMv ¸‡jvI †Kgb

†hb myiw¶Z | GLb Giv BivK †_‡K P‡j †M‡Q | ZvB `wi ª RbMb Gme RvqMvq `Lj

K‡i wb‡q‡Q | Bwb ewb BmªvBj eskxq bex | Av‡MKvi w`‡b bex‡`i gvRvi ¸‡jv Bû`x

Dcvmbvjq ev wmbvMM Gi gZ | wÎï‡ji gZ mjvKv wQj | eZ©gv‡b Zv gmwR` Ges wÎïj

Gi GKUv kjvKv ev` w`‡q Puv‡`i AvK…wZ †`qv n‡q‡Q Zv eySv hvq | gmwR` †ek eo A‡bK

†jvKR‡bi bvgv‡Ri e¨e ’v i‡q‡Q | Avgiv ARy K‡i wfZ‡i cÖ‡ek Kijvg | wjqv‡Ruv Awdmvi

gmwR‡`i †Kqvi‡UKvi Gi mv‡_ K_v ejj | Zvjv w`‡q mxj K‡i ivLv GKUv Avjgvwi‡Z imyj

(Avt) Gi uvwo ‡gveviK mh‡Zœ ivLv | Avgv‡`i‡K wmj Ly‡j †`Lv‡jv | GKUv Kuv‡Pi wkwki

g‡a¨ Gqvi UvBU Ae ’vq GK‡MvQv uvwo †gveviK †`Ljvg myenvbvj−vn | †g‡n`xi is Gi gZ

¯”Q | Avgiv y ivKvZ bdj bvgvR cojvg | Zvici bexi mgvwa †`L†Z †Mjvg | Kei GLb

A‡bK bx‡P P‡j †M‡Q | GK mgq GUv cvwbi bx‡P Wy‡e wM‡qwQj,GLb cvwb mwi‡q Zv msi¶Y

Kiv n‡”Q | GKmgq Bû`xiv G¸‡jv i¶Yv‡e¶Y KiZ | Rxe‡b cÖ_g ev‡ii gZ GKRb bexi

gvRvi †hqviZ Kivi †mŠfvM¨ n‡jv, Avwgb |

Gici Avgiv wbgi` kni †`L‡Z †Mjvg | GUv A‡bK cÖvPxb kni | A¨vwmwiqvbiv Gi

cËb K‡iwQj | mgªvU Avmyi bvmyi cvj GUvi cªwZôvZv wQ‡jb | eZ©gv‡b GUv aŸsm cÖvß bMix

| A‡b‡K e‡j bgi“` GLv‡b wQj ‡KD Avevi e‡j GB bgi“` †KviAv‡bi †mB bgi“` bv |

‡ek wKQy wekvj wmsnRvZxq g~wZ© GLv‡b Av‡Q | Zv Qvov fvsMv I aŸsm nIqv bMixi wPý GLv‡b

Av‡Q | ch©UK‡`i Rb¨ GLv‡b wjd‡jU cvIqv hvq G kn‡ii Z_¨ mg„× | Avgiv GKUv

wjd‡jU w&Kbjvg | †`L‡Z †`L‡Z ycyi n‡q †Mj | †dvivZ b`xi cv‡i GKUv †i‡ —viv‡Z †Mjvg

Lvevi †L‡Z | b`xi cv‡i cvwbi wKbvi Qyu‡q AmsL¨ †i‡¯—viuv M‡o D‡V‡Q Db¥y³ AvKv‡ki wb‡P †Uwej-

‡Pqvi †c‡Z Lvev‡ii e¨e¯—v| Gme †i‡¯—viuvi we‡klZ¡ n‡”Q, we‡klfv‡e ˆZix gvQ, Av¸‡b cywo‡q gvQ

†iv÷ K‡i †`q GLv‡b e‡j gvm¸d| | wjqv‡Ruv Awdmvi‡KI Avgv‡`i mv‡_ LvIqvi `vIqvZ

w`jvg | wP‡Ki wU°v †KvK I i“wU w`‡q ycy‡ii Lvevi †Ljvg | Lvevi †kl K‡i nhiZ BDbym

( Avt ) Gi gvRv‡ii D‡Ï‡k¨ iIqvbv njvg | nhiZ BDbym ( Avt ) Gi K_v Avgiv A‡bK

M‡í I †Kviv‡bi gva¨‡g †R‡bwQ | AvR †mB bexi gvRvi whqviZ Kivi †mŠfvM¨ n‡jv |

cvnv‡oi Pzovq nhiZ BDbyQ (Avt) Gi gvRvi | ¯’vbxq †jv‡Kiv e‡j bex G BDbym ( Avt )

Mvox w`‡q Ny‡i Ny‡i gvRvi cÖv½‡b †Mjvg | wekvj PËi †ek eo GjvKv wb‡q gmwR` I

gvRvi | A‡bK †jvKRb wfZ‡i Av‡Q | †`vqv `i“` co‡Q evwni †_‡KI A‡bK gymwjg ch©UK

GB gvRvi whqviZ I gmwR‡` bvgvR co‡Z Av‡m | cnv‡oi Pzovq e‡j GLvb †_‡K gmyj

kniUv‡K †`Lv hvq †ek my›`i fv‡e | AvR‡Ki w`bUv Avgvi Kv‡Q †ek ¯§iYxq | KviY

gymjgvb wn‡m‡e c~e©eZx© bex‡`i gvRvi †`Lvi †mŠfvM¨ Avj−vncvK Avgv‡K w`‡jb | gvRvi ¸‡jv

†`L‡Z †`L‡Z Qwe †Zvjvi K_v fy‡j ‡Mjvg †Kb †hb | †`vqv `i“` B gyL¨ n‡q DVj ZLb |

Gici Avgiv nhiZ `vwb‡qj ( Avt ) I nhiZ kxl ( Avt ) Gi gvRvi †`L‡Z †Mjvg |

nhiZ `vwb‡qj (Avt) Gi gvRvi †Lvjv‡gjv | gmwR‡`i mvg‡b cvKv DVv‡bi gZ ‡Lvjv GjvKv |

†jvKRb ‡Zgb †bB | †KD wKQy ej‡ZI cv‡i bv | wjqv‡Ruv Awdmvi Avgv‡`i‡K e‡j w`j |

GB gvRvi msi¶‡Yi wK e¨e¯’v Zv Rvb‡Z cvijvg bv | Z‡e †Zgb †h fvjfv‡e msi¶Y Kiv

n‡”Q bv Zv eySv hvq | †fZ‡i 4/5 Rb †jvK Dbviv nqZ †`Lv‡kvbvi `vwq‡Z¡ | Gici

nhiZ kxl ( Avt ) Gi gvRv‡i †Mjvg | D”Pi‡b GKUz wfbœZv _vK‡jI eyS‡Z cvijvg GUv kxl

( Avt ) Gi gvRvi | A‡bK cyiv‡bv gvRvi cv‡kB gmwR` | †jvKRb †Zgb GKUv †bB |

†jvKvjq ‡_‡K GKUz y‡i e‡jI g‡b n‡jv | ¯’vbxq Awaevmxiv nqZ †`L‡Z †`L‡Z GLb Avi

†Zgb Av‡m bv | Avm‡j †MvUv BivK B Bmjvgx mf¨Zvi Zx_©f~wg ZvB mviv BivK Ry‡o kZ

kZ cqM¤i ï‡q Av‡Qb | AvR‡Ki w`bUv †kl nw”Qj A‡bK Avb›` wb‡q | Avgv‡`i‡K wdi‡Z

n‡e Avgv‡`i kn‡i | wKš‘ †Kvb Zvov Abyfe KiwQjvg bv | GK eQi BivK Ae ’v‡b hw`I

wewfbœ cÖwm× RvqMv‡Z hvIqvi †mŠfvM¨ n‡qwQj | AvR g‡b nw”Qj GKUv HwZnvwmK w`b |

Avj−vnZvqvjv cqM¤i cvwV‡q gvbyl‡K †mvRv c‡_ Pjvi Rb¨ †n`v‡qZ K‡ib | Avgiv †mB

c~Y¨f~wg †_‡K A‡bK y‡ii evsjv‡`‡ki gvbyl n‡qI Avj−vnZvqvjv †mŠfvM¨ w`‡jb | Zuvi wcªq

ev›`v‡`i gvRvi I gmwR` †`Lvi I Zuv‡`i Rb¨ †`vqv Kivi Gi †P‡q eo fvM¨ Avi wK n‡Z

cv‡i|Avwgb |

bvRvd,Kvievjv,Kzdv I e¨vwej†b wKQy¶Y

ivRavbx evM`v‡` †eov‡Z Avm‡j Avgiv †Kvb bv †Kvb RvqMv †`L‡Z †ei n‡q coZvg |

evM`v` I Zvi Av‡kcv‡ki GjvKvq cÖPzi HwZnvwmK ¯’vcbv I GjvKv Av‡Q | Gevi hLb

evM`v‡` Gjvg ZLb wVK Kijvg bvRvd,Kvievjv I Kzdv †`Le | cÖ_‡g U¨vw· †÷k‡b Gjvg |

†mLv‡b eo I gReyZ U¨vw· fvov Kijvg| gi“f~wgi c_| U¨vw·‡Z Gwm fvj KvR K‡i bv |

mv‡_ cvwb wbjvg | wemwgj−vn e‡j iIqvbv n‡q †Mjvg | evM`v‡`i mxgvbv cvi n‡jB gi“f~wgi

gZ GjvKv, †ek DËß | Kvievjv evM`v` †_‡K GKkÕ yB wK‡jvwgUvi ~‡i, Kvievjv †h‡Z yBUv †PK

c‡q›U Av‡Q | †mLv‡b Mvox _vgv‡bvi ci KvMRcÎ †`Lv‡Z nq | gymjgvb I evsjv‡`kx ejvq

Avgv‡`i‡K †h‡Z w`j | Gi c‡ii †PK c‡q‡›U †Zgb Avi †Kvb †PK Kij bv | ga¨eZx©

GjvKv gi“gq †Zgb †Kvb cwieZ©b †`Lv hvq bv |

Kvievjv

cÖ_‡g Kvivevjv GjvKvq †Mjvg | Kvievjv cÖ‡`‡ki ivRavbx Kvievjv kni| Bgvg †nv‡mb

(ivt) Ges Zvi fvB AveŸv‡mi gvRvi i‡q‡Q †hLv‡b †mUvB wQj hyׇ¶Î| kZ kZ eQ‡i gi“f~wg i“c

wb‡q‡Q AvaywbK bMix wnmv‡e| G¸‡jv wkqv cÖavb AÂj | nhiZ †nv‡mb I nhiZ AveŸvm ( ivt )

Gi gvRvi y‡Uv GKiKg †`L‡Z, wekvj GjvKv Ry‡o gmwR` | GB gmwR` ¸‡jvi ˆewkó¨ GKUz

Ab¨ iKg | gmwR‡`i gyj feb G XyK‡Z n‡j †MB‡Ui gZ Av‡Q Zvici Pvicvk w`‡q

Kwi‡Wv‡ii gZ †jb evbv‡bv Ges Gici wekvj cvKv | duvKv GjvKv GLv‡b A‡bK †jvKRb

em‡Z cv‡i | †iv‡`i Zvc AZ¨š— †ekx e‡j mevB cv‡ki Qvqv‡Z e‡m Av‡Q| ‡jvKRb†`i‡K

†`L‡j g‡b nq Giv A‡bK w`‡bi Rb¨ GLv‡b G‡m‡Q | gmwR` A‡bK Kvi“KvR Kiv wKQy wKQy

RvqMv †mvbv wKsev †cZ‡j †gvov‡bv g‡b n‡jv | gmwR‡`i †fZiUvI A‡bK Kvi“Kvh© LwPZ hv

mvaviYZ mywbœ gmwR`¸‡jv‡Z †`Lv hvq bv | mevB GKUv gvwUi UzKiv †mR`vi RvqMvq †i‡L

†mLv‡b †mR`v †`q | GUv bvwK Kvievjvi gvwU | gmwR‡`I Gai‡bi UzKiv cvIqv hvq |

†KbvI hvq evB‡ii †`vKv‡b | Avgiv wKQy¶Y Ny‡i evB‡i Gjvg | nhiZ AveŸvm ( ivt ) Gi

gvRviI GKB iKg | wmqviv yRb‡KB mgvb m¤§vb K‡i e‡j g‡b n‡jv | BwbI nhiZ Avjx

( ivt ) Gi Avi GKRb mš—vb | evB‡i cÖPzi Mig mieZ cvwbcyY© dj wewµ Ki‡Q we‡µZviv |

Avgiv dj wK‡b †Ljvg | cÖvq GK N›Uv †mLv‡b wQjvg | Avgv‡`i †Pnviv I PvjPjb †`‡L

†jvKRb eySj Avgiv fviZxq Ges Aek¨B wkqv bv | Avgv‡`i‡K y GKRb wRÁvmv Kivq

ejjvg evsjv‡`kx gymjgvb Iiv G‡ZB Lywk | Avgv‡`i †`‡ki wkqv mybœx Giv †Zgb cv_©K¨ K‡i

bv | gymjgvb †R‡bB Lykx | GK N›Uv cÖvq n‡q †Mj KLb †hb|

bvRvd

Gev‡ii Mš—e¨ bvRvd | bvRvd Biv‡Ki AvVviwU Mfb©‡i‡Ui GKwU| bvRvd KzdviB Ask,Kzdvq

i‡q‡Q nRiZ Avjxi (ivt) evox| Kvievjv †_‡K bvRvd †_‡K cÖvq Avwk wK‡jvwgUvi , evM`v` †_‡K

Kvievjv †M‡j c‡_ c‡_ cÖPzi MvQcvjv Ges meyR †Pv‡L c‡o| wKš‘ bvRvd †h‡Z ïay ay-ay gi“f~wg , GLv‡b

nRiZ Avjxi (ivt) gvRvi i‡q‡Q| Kw_Z Av‡Q bvRvd G nhiZ Avjx ( ivt ) †K `vdb Kiv n‡q‡Q |

GLv‡b nhiZ Avjx ( ivt ) gvRvi I gmwR` Av‡Q | cÖvq GK N›Uv †j‡M †Mj U¨vw·‡Z

bvRvd Avm‡Z | m~‡h©i cªPÛ Zv‡c †evZ‡ji cwb Mig n‡q †M‡Q | †mB cvwb Lvw”Q | GK

†KwR Avjy †evLviv wKbjvg cvwbhy³ dj,Ugv‡Uvi gZ ga¨Lv‡b wewP †L‡Z Lvivc bv | Avgv‡`i

†`‡k ïKbv Avjy †evLviv wewiqvbx‡Z †`q | Mi‡gi †`k I gi“f~wg‡Z GB dj ¸‡jv mÄxebxi

gZ KvR †`q | nhiZ Avjx (ivt) gmwR‡`I wmqv‡`i cÖvavb¨, mybœx KvD‡K ‡`wLwb| hw`I †`‡L

†evSvi Dcvq bvB | Z‡e Giv GLv‡b Av‡m bv e‡j g‡b n‡jv | GLv‡b gvbyl Rb evB‡ii

†jvK m¤‡Ü †ek mRvM I Zviv bZyb †KD GjvKvq XyK‡j d‡jv K‡i cwiPq †R‡b †bq |

Biv‡K wkqv mybœxi g‡a¨ Ø›` †ek cÖKU Ges gvivgvwi nvbvnvwbI nq gv‡S gv‡S | †`qv‡ji Mv‡q

Aw¼Z bKkv †P‡q †`Lvi g‡Zv,m~² Zvi Kvi“KvR| | mvg‡bi wcQ‡bi ycv‡ki bvix-cyi“‡liv †KD bvgvR

co‡Q,‡KD KziAvb kixd co‡Q,‡KD †Niv Rwo‡q a‡i Pzgy Lv‡”Q,‡KD ev Kuv`‡Q| evB‡i gvRvi msjMœ

evRv‡i †eviKv cwiwnZ AmsL¨ bvix LyPiv †`vKvb wb‡q e‡m‡Q †KD Pv‡qi †`vKvb mvwR‡q e‡m‡Q, †KD

Uzwc Zmwe, †KDev Ab¨ wKQy|mybœx kvwmZ mvÏvg miKv‡ii Kv‡Q wkqviv wbivc` †eva K‡i bv |

Kzdv gmwR`

Gici Kzdvi D‡Ï‡k¨ hvÎv Kijvg | GLv‡b †h gmwR‡` nhiZ Avjx ( ivt ) †K nZ¨v

Kiv nq †mLv‡b †Mjvg | GUvI wkqv Kvq`vq evbv‡bv wekvj cvKv D‡Vvb gvSLv‡b †mB

D‡Vv‡bi gvSLv‡b GKUv RvqMv †Mvj K‡i †Niv | Kw_Z Av‡Q GUv †mB RvqMv †hLv‡b nhiZ

Avjx ( ivt )‡K nZ¨v Kiv n‡qwQj | gmwR‡`i †fZ‡i ‡Mjvg A‡bK wmqv f³ †mLv‡b †`vqv

co‡Q, †KD bvgvR co‡Q| GBme gmwR‡`i †jvKRb `xN©w`b _v‡K wf¶yKI †`Lv hvq |

Avgvi GKUv mvaviY ch©‡e¶Y n‡jv †h gmwR` ¸‡jv †Kb †hb cwi®‹vi bv | GKUv MygU MÜ

cvIqv hvq | nq‡Zv cvwbi Afve Nvg I †Mvmj Kg Kivi my‡hvM †_‡K Gme MÜ m„wó n‡ZI

cv‡i |

gmwR` †_‡K †ei n‡q nhiZ Avjx ( ivt )Gi evox‡Z †Mjvg | evoxi Pvicvk †`qvj †Niv | Gi

†fZi †mB cÖvPxb Kv‡ji gvwUi Ni †QvU †QvU Kvgiv MvBW e‡j G¸‡jv‡Z nhiZ Avjx ( ivt )

Gi cwievi _vK‡Zb | evB‡i †_‡K evwoi wfZiUv †evSvi Dcvq †bB| evoxwU yBwU As‡k fvM Kiv|

gvSLv‡b Qv`nxb †Lvjv RvqMv| yB Ask wg‡j †QvU eo AvU-`kwU †KvVv i‡q‡Q| GKwU i“g †`wL‡q MvBW

ej‡jb, IUv‡Z g„Zy i c‡i nRiZ Avjx†K (ivt) G‡b ivLv n‡qwQj| evoxi †fZi GKUv cvwbi Kzc

Av‡Q | Kw_Z Av‡Q GLvb †_‡K Zuviv cvwb Zyj‡Zb | cvwb Zy‡j cvb Kivi Rb¨ `k©bv_x©‡`i †`qv

n‡”Q| fw³ f‡i mevB cvb Ki‡Q| GLb Aek¨ GB Kzc e¨envi nq bv | msi¶Y Kiv Av‡Q |

ïµevi wKš‘ GLv‡b Ry¤§vi bvgvR nq bv | Avgiv Km‡ii bvgvR cojvg | nhiZ Avjx ( ivt

) evoxi AbwZ y‡i GwR‡`i cÖvmv` | wekvj evox GLb †`qvj Av‡Q gvwUi bx‡P †`‡e †M‡Q |

gqjv ‡bvsiv Rjvf~wgi gZ GjvKv n‡q Av‡Q |

Kzdv

Kzdvq nRiZ Ig‡ii (ivt) cÖwZwôZ Avj-Igiv c¨v‡jm,Kzdv gmwR` nRiZ Avjxi (ivt) evox-

msjMœ| nhiZ Igi (ivt) Zvi †LjvdZ cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ GB g~j feb cÖwZôv K‡iwQ‡jb| cy‡iv c¨v‡jm

yB ch©v‡q PZy‡®‹vY †`qvj cwi‡ewóZ| evB‡ii Pvi wgUvi PIov †`qv‡ji Dci w`‡q nuvUv hvq| Gme

wRwbl I wb`k©b bv Avm‡j †evSv †hZ bv | g‡b g‡b fvwe †mB KZ kZ eQi Av‡M gvbyl

D‡Ui wc‡V wKsev †Nvovq P‡o Gme gi“gq A‡j Zxeª DËv‡ci g‡a¨ hy× K‡iwQj Ges knx`

n‡q‡Q| Avgiv †Uw· K‡i fvj wcPXvjv iv —v w`‡q G‡mI UvqvW© | GLb †`vKvb cvU Lvevi

cvwb, meB Av‡Q | ZLb†Zv wKQyB wQj bv GB gi“ cªvš—‡i | Avj−vi Kv‡Q ZvB nvRvi †kvKi

Kijvg fvj AvwQ GRb¨ | bvRvd Kvievjv I Kzdv †`Lvi ci Avgiv e¨vwej‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ iIqvbv

njvg |

e¨v we j‡ b w K Qy¶ Y

g‡b A‡bK AvMÖn wK bv wK †`Le | ‡QvU‡ejvq eB‡q c‡owQ e¨vwejbxq cÖvPxb mf¨Zvi K_v| c„w_exi

cÖvPxb mßvð‡h©i g‡a¨ GKwU e¨vwej‡bi k~b¨Ï¨vb | e¨vwej‡bi k~b¨ D`¨v‡bi K_v g‡bi g‡a¨ GKUv

we‡kl ’vb `Lj K‡i Av‡Q| evM`v` †_‡K beŸB wK‡jvwgUvi `w¶‡Y e¨vwejb| wLªóc~e© 605-563

mgqKv‡j ivRv †beyPv` †bRvi Gi cybtwbg©vY K‡ib| †beyPv` †bRv‡ii Avg‡j e¨vwejbxq mvgªvR¨ kx‡l©

†cuŠ‡Q| GK N›Uv Pjvi ci e¨vwej‡bi Kv‡Q GKUv †nv‡U‡j jv Kivi Rb¨ _vgjvg | WªvBfvi

mn Avgiv fvZ wP‡Kb I †fwR‡Uej †Ljvg | BivKx óvB‡j ivbœv | fvRvfvZ †Svj gmjvi Ab¨

GK ¯v‡`i gyiMxi gvsm | hvK wL‡` †c‡U me nRg n‡q hvq | cÖvq 8250 BivKx w`bvi wej

w`jvg | 10 Wjv‡ii Kg n‡e ZLbKvi wn‡m‡e | LvIqv †k‡l Avevi hvÎv ïi“ | c‡_

gi“f~wgi ga¨ Lv‡b wekvj GK D‡Ui cvj iv —v AwZµg Ki‡Q | Avgiv U¨vw· †_‡K †b‡g Qwe

Zyjjvg | gyi“f~wgi wPi‡Pbv „k¨ †mB gi“ RvnvR DU | wekvj wKš‘ kvš— cÖvYx †Kvb w`‡K bv

†`‡L †mvRv Mš—‡e¨ Pj‡Q | wekvj D‡Ui eni | BivK cªvK…wZK w`K ‡_‡K Avðh© GK wgkªY| kZ

kZ gvBj Ry‡o ay-ay LuvLuv gi“f~wg †hgb Av‡Q,‡ZgbB Av‡Q †PvL Ryov‡bv meyR| c‡_ c‡_ †`Ljvg fyÆvi

‡¶Z Avi d‡ji evMvb| †QvU †QvU Mv‡Q Rwo‡q Av‡Q Wvwjg Avi wcqvi| wcqvi †c‡K big nevi c~‡e©

KPK‡P †L‡Z gRv| Av‡Q †LRy‡ii evMvb|

e¨vwej‡bi †MBU

Gici e¨vwej‡bi †MB‡U Gjvg, †Kv_vq D`¨vb, wKQyB †`wL bv | wekvj y‡M©i †MB‡Ui gZ

y‡Uv wcjvi B‡Ui ˆZix g‡a¨ gvwU w`‡q wewfbœ cÖvYxi b·v AuvKv, MvBW Av‡Q | MvBW eB

wbjvg GKUv | Av‡ — Av‡¯— ‡fZ‡i †Mjvg | e¨vwejb cwiLv Ges †`qvj Øviv yB ch©v‡q cwi‡ewôZ

wQj e‡j Rvbv hvq| evB‡ii w`‡Ki †`qvj †lvj wK.wg Ges wfZ‡ii w`‡Ki †`qvj AvU wK.wg.j¤v wQj|

Avgiv GjvKvq Xy‡K †h‡nZy WvB‡b-euv‡q †Kv_vq Kx cÖ_‡g ey‡S DV‡Z cvwiwb| MvBW cÖvPxb Kv‡ji K_v

¸‡jv eY©bv K‡i hvw”Qj | GUv‡K ïb¨`¨vb ejv nq , Kvib Gi A‡bK DuPz DuPz cÖvPx‡ii Dci

ZLbKvi mgq dy‡ji MvQ jvMv‡bv _vKZ | bxP †_‡K av‡c av‡c cÖvPxi Dc‡i D‡V wM‡qwQj

Ges †mB me av‡c dy‡ji MvQ ¸‡jv‡K yi †_‡K g‡b n‡Zv †hb ï‡b¨ evMvb mvRv‡bv i‡q‡Q |

GLb †m me wKQy †bB | Z‡e cyi“ †`qvj ¸‡jvi wKQy wKQy cybt wbg©vb Kiv n‡q‡Q | GjvKvi

DËi As‡k g~j c¨v‡j‡m i‡q‡Q Ôjvqb Ae e¨vwejbÕ †`ex BkZvi Gi cÖZxK, cv_‡ii A‡a©K wmsn

A‡a©K gvbyl Gi g~wZ© GUv wQj GLvbKvi †`eZv I i¶K| GLb g~wZ©Uv wKQyUv †fs‡M †M‡Q |

†fZ‡i A‡bK ¸‡jv K¶ Av‡Q | cÖmv‡`i †Kv_vq hy× n‡Zv gvbyl‡K duvwm †`qv n‡Zv Gme

RvqMv ¸‡jv MvBW Avgv‡`i †`Lv‡jv | A‡bKUv †MvjK avavi gZ jv‡M | wVKgZ MvBW bv

†c‡j †fZ‡i c_ nviv‡bv AwZ †mvRv | me euvK I †`qvj cÖvq GKiKg g‡b nq I GKevi

w`K nviv‡j A‡bK¶Y GB †iv‡`i Zv‡c Nyi‡Z nq `k©K‡`i | MvBW Avgv‡`i †ei K‡i wb‡q Avmj

wVK fv‡e | AvR‡Ki NUbv eûj w`bUv‡Z wewPÎ AwfÁZv n‡jv | GB y‡Uv †PvL w`‡q

Avj−vnZvqvjv agx©q ¯’vb I BwZnvm cÖwm× ¯’vb ¸‡jv †`Lv‡jb Avwgb |

jvqb Ae e¨vwejb

Gev‡ii evM`v†`i Ae ’vb NUbv eûj n‡jv | †nv‡U‡j wd‡i Gjvg U¨vw·‡Z K‡i | we‡K‡j

†d«m n‡q †ió wbjvg | Gici evM`v‡`i Avj iwk` óªx‡U nvU‡Z †ei njvg | AvR‡Ki w`‡bi

‡Zvjv Qwe ¸‡jv Iqvk Kijvg | GLvbKvi ózwWI‡Z | LiP cÖvq evsjv‡`‡ki gZB | GKUv

Mv‡bi K¨v‡mU wKbjvg | Aviex fvlvi Mvb | ZLbKvi mg‡qi †ek wnU I †dgvm MvwqKv

Wvqvbv nvÏv` Gi, †j Bqv nvwewe Zvdv nvB dvB MvbUv A‡bK ï‡bwQ GLv‡b | GLb wb‡Ri

Kv‡Q msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ K¨v‡mU wKbjvg | NUbv eûj w`bUvi mgvwß iv‡Z †b‡g G†jv |

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