GRAMMAR SYNTHESISGetting Started Parts 3 & 4

(1) WHAT DOES PARTICLE は DO? GIVE AN EXAMPLE.

「は」 is the Topic Marker

わたし　は　すしが　すきです。

トムさん　は　よく　すしを　たべます。

TOPIC

TOPIC

(2) WHAT DOES PARTICLE を DO? GIVE AN EXAMPLE.

「を」 is the Direct Object Marker

わたし　は　えいが　を　みます。

トムさん　は　よく　すし を　たべます。

OBJ

OBJ

(3) WHAT DOES PARTICLE へ DO? GIVE AN EXAMPLE.

「へ」 is the Directional Marker

わたし　は　えいが　へ　いきます。

トムさん　は　うち　へ　かえります。

Destination

Destination

(4) WHAT’S THE WORD ORDER FOR IN A TYPICAL SENTENCE? MARK THE TOPIC OF THE SENTENCE & THE VERB PHRASE.

わたし　は　おんがく　を　ききます。TOPIC

Verb Phrase

5) WHEN WE’RE TALKING ABOUT A SPECIFIC TIME (E.G., AT 8:00) WHICH PARTICLE DO WE USE?

8:00 にSpecific Time

“AT”

(6) WHEN WE WANT TO SAY “AROUND 8:00”, WHICH PARTICLE DO WE USE?

8:00 ごろSpecific Time

“AROUND”

(7) WHEN WE WANT TO SAY “FROM 8:00 TO 9:00”, WHICH PARTICLES DO WE USE?

8:00 から　 9:00 までSpecific Time

“FROM”Specific Time

“UNTIL”

(8) WHAT ARE THE FREQUENCY WORDS WE’VE LEARNED?

まいにちよくときどきあまり＋ Negぜんぜん＋ Negいちにちじゅう

(9) WHERE DOES THE FREQUENCY WORD GO IN A SENTENCE? SHOW BY EXAMPLE. WRITE THE SENTENCE: I DON’T DRINK COFFEE AT ALL.

わたしは　ぜんぜん　コーヒーをのみません。TOPIC

Verb PhraseFrequency

(10) FILL IN THE CORRECT PARTICLES BELOW:

Topic___ 00:00___Person___ Place___ VPは に と で

CAN YOU CHANGE THE WORD ORDER IN THE SENTENCE ABOVE? IF SO, WHAT ARE THE RULES?

Topic___ 00:00___Person___ Place___ VPは に と で

11) FILL IN THE VERB CONJUGATION CHART BELOW:

Affirmative Negative

Non-past

ききますlisten/will listen won’t/don’t listen

Past

Listened didn’t listen

ききません

ききました ききませんでした

(12) WHAT FORM DO WE USE TO MAKE AN INVITATION? GIVE AN EXAMPLE.

（いっしょに）ひるごはん　を　たべませんか。

V －ません＋か

(13) GIVE 2 EXAMPLES OF HOW YOU MIGHT ACCEPT AN INVITATION.

ええ、いいですね。Yes, that’s good (isn’t it?)

ええ、よろこんで。Yes, with pleasure.

ええ、だいじょうぶ　ですよYes. That’s fine.

(14) GIVE 2 EXAMPLES OF HOW YOU COULD POLITELY TURN DOWN AN INVITATION.

すみませんが、ちょっと。。。I’m sorry, but it’s a little…

ええ、でも　ちょっと。。。Yes, but it’s a little…

ちょっと。。。It’s a little…

(15) LIKES AND DISLIKES. WRITE THE JAPANESE WORDS BELOW. GIVEN AN EXAMPLE SENTENCE FOR EACH WORD:

like = 　 わたし　は　すし　が　すき　です。

don’t like = 　 わたし　は　さしみ　が　すきじゃありません。

strong dislike = わたし　は　なっとう　が　きらい　です。

like the best = わたし　は　アイス　が　いちばん　すき　です。

especially = とくに、チョコレート　が　すき　です。

Fill in the correct particles for the following sentence pattern:

  Topic ____ Object ____ suki desu.は が

(16) DO YOU NEED TO PUT A PARTICLE AFTER A RELATIVE TIME WORD (E.G., TODAY, TOMORROW, AND YESTERDAY)? IF SO, WHICH PARTICLE DO YOU USE?

いいえ

(17) WHAT ARE SOME EXPRESSIONS THAT WE USE WHEN TALKING ABOUT THE WEATHER?

It’s terrible weather, isn’t it? =ひどい　おてんき　ですね。

It’s nice weather, isn’t it? =いい　おてんき　ですね。

It’s raining hard, isn’t it? =ひどい　あめ　ですね。

Today’s warm, isn’t it? =きょう　は　あたたかい　ですね。

Today’s cool, isn’t it? =きょう　は　すずしい　ですね。

おめでとう！ Congratulations! You’ve

worked so hard! これからも、がんばりましょ

う！ Let’s continue to do so!