gv I beRvZ‡Ki ¯^v¯’¨ - UNICEF · gwR` wUeywU, gvK© BqvO, Av‡j· Bqv÷vi| bKkv I cÖKvkbv c~e©-cÖ¯‘wZ †cÖvMÖvwd·, ... GKvZ¥Zv, mvnm Ges A½xKvi GmeB Drmvne¨ÄK

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RvwZmsN wkï Znwej (BDwb‡md)weGmGj Awdm Kg‡cø·1 wg›Uz †ivW, XvKv-1000, evsjv‡`kB-†gBj: [email protected]

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RW©v‡bi ivbx ivwbqv Avj Ave yjøvn, fvevn M¨vdji, RyjwdKvi G. fy‡Æv, mvivn eªvDb, †Rwbdvi n¨vwim wiKz‡q‡Rv, †Rv jb, gvwiI †gwiqvjwW,†ivmv gvwiqv by‡bR-DiwKRv Ges †mRvi wR. wf‡±vwiqv‡K we‡klfv‡e abëv`|

m¤úv`Kxq Ges M‡elYvc¨vwUªwmqv gwKqv, GwWUi-Bb-wPd; †WwfW G¨vš’wb, GwWUi; wμmeªvwR‡qi; gvwiwjqv wW †bvBqv; nvBiæU †M‡eª-GMwRqvfi; Gwgwj¸Wg¨vb; Bqvmwgb †n‡M; †bwj BbMÖvnvg; cv‡gjv bvBU; A¨vwg jvB;kvi‡jvU ˆg‡Î; wgWvb †g‡Kv‡bb; Mvweª‡qj wg‡kj gv‡ij; wμw÷b†gv‡njgvb; wg‡kj wim‡j; K¨v‡_wib ivUMvim; Kvwib k¼i;†kvevbv k¼i; RywW_ B‡qgv‡b|

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Drcv`b I weZiYR¨vKwjb Uvqvwb©, cÖavb, cÖ‡hvRbv I Abyev`; GWyqvW© BO, Rywbqi;Rv‡g©Bb A¨vK; dvby‡qj GÛvwjD; GwK Kvqiæcvb; dwi` iwk`;Bwjqvm mv‡jg|

Kg©m~wP I bxwZ wb‡`©kbvBDwb‡md †cÖvMÖvg wWwfkb, `¨ wWwfkb Ad cwjwm GÛ cÖvKwUm GÛB‡bv‡mw›U wimvP© †m›Uvi| we‡klfv‡e abëv` †cÖvMÖvg wWwfk‡bicwiPvjK wb‡Kvjvm AvwjcyB, Dc cwiPvjK W¨vb †ivnigvb IgwbRv Rvgvb, †nj_ Gi mn‡hvMx cwiPvjK wcUvi mvjvgv,GBPAvBwf GÛ GBWm Gi mn‡hvMx cwiPvjK wRwg †KvjKvi,IqvUvi, m¨vwb‡Ukb GÛ nvBwRb Gi mn‡hvMx cwiPvjK K¬vwimv†eªv‡Kjnv÷©, wbDwUªkb Gi mn‡hvMx cwiPvjK Iqvb©vi ïjrwbK,†UvDwiqv evivKvZ, wjÛv evi‡jU, wfweqvbv †ejg‡šÍ, ievU© †Kv‡nb,ievU© Mvm, Avkv RR©, wμw÷b Rjgm&&, †MÖm wKwiwfMv, †bwib Lvb,c¨v‡kÝ Kziæ‡bwi, by‡b gv½vmvwiqvb, gvwiqvbv gywm, iweb b›`x,wkwib bv‡qibywi, KvBI‡` I‡q‡Mwe‡Z, †WwfW cvK©vi, jy‡fBwcqvimb, Avqvb †cU, eji wcD‡if`R©, †gjvwb †ib‡kv, Wvwb‡qjwm‡gvi, †dŠwRqv kwdK, RywW_ ÷vÛ‡j, †WwfW ÷zqvU©, Ave‡`jgwR` wUeywU, gvK© BqvO, Av‡j· Bqv÷vi|

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DrmM©Kjw¤^qv BDwbfvwm©wUi †gBjgvb ¯‹yj Ae cvewjK †nj_ Gi wWb A¨v‡gwiUvm, eë¯’vcbv cwiPvjK A¨vjvb †iv‡Rbwdì‡KDrmM© Kiv n‡q‡Q wek¦ wkï cwiw¯’wZ 2009| wZwb gviv †M‡Qb 2008 mv‡ji 12 A‡±vei| Rb¯^v¯’¨ wel‡q AMÖYx f~wgKvcvjbKvix W. †iv‡Rbwdì gvZ… g„Zz nvi cÖwZnZ Ki‡Z wbijm KvR K‡i †M‡Qb| cvkvcvwk wZwb myweavewÂZ GjvKvqGBPAvBwf/GBWm G AvμvšÍ bvix I wkïi wPwKrmv I †mevq wb‡R‡K wewj‡q w`‡q‡Qb| Zvi †gav I Kg©kw³ meB wZwbw`‡q †M‡Qb cÖPzimsL¨K D‡jøL‡hvM¨ Kg©m~wP Ges cÖwZôvb‡K Ges Dbœqb avivq bvixi ¯^v¯’¨ I gvbevwaKvi i¶vq Zvi AvMÖn,GKvZ¥Zv, mvnm Ges A½xKvi GmeB Drmvne¨ÄK n‡q _vK‡e|

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we‡k¦i me‡`‡ki Zzjbvq wb‡R‡i Rxebe¨vcx gvZ…g„Zz i SzuwK me‡P‡q†ewk, cÖwZ 7 R‡b 1 Rb| wk‡ívbœZ we‡k¦ Gi Zzjbvg~jK SzuwK n‡”QcÖwZ 8,000 R‡b 1 Rb| mnmªvã Dbœqb j‡ÿï hvÎv ïiæi eQi1990 †_‡K Mf©ve¯’v I cÖmeRwbZ RwUjZvi Kvi‡Y GK †KvwU bvixcÖvY nvwi‡q‡Q| Ges cÖwZ eQi cÖvq 40 jvL beRvZ‡Ki g„Zz n‡q‡QR‡b¥i 28 w`‡bi g‡a¨| gv I beRvZ‡Ki ¯^v‡¯’ï †ÿ‡Î Dbœqb wkïiRxeb iÿvi †ÿ‡Îi Dbœq‡bi mv‡_ Zvj †gjv‡Z cv‡iwb| †hLv‡bwek¦e¨vcx wkïg„Zz i nvi 1990 †_‡K 2007 mv‡j 27 kZvsk Kgv‡bvm¤¢e n‡q‡Q|

wek¦ wkï cwiw¯’wZ 2009 cÖwZ‡e‡`‡big~j cÖwZcv`¨ welq gv I beRvZ‡Ki¯^v¯’¨| cÖwZ‡e`bwUi †K‡›`ª i‡q‡Q †mBmeKg©cš’v I c`‡ÿcmg~n Rxebiÿv Ki‡Zn‡j †h¸‡jvi e„w× I m¤úÖmviY Aek¨KZ©e¨| cixwÿZ wKQz Kvh©μ‡gi gva¨‡gAwaKvsk gv I beRvZ‡Ki g„Zz Gov‡bvm¤¢e| Gi g‡a¨ Av‡Q ch©vß cywó,DbœZgv‡b cwi¯‹vi cwi”QbœZvi P”P©v,cÖmec~e© †mev, cÖm‡ei mg‡q `ÿ¯^v¯’¨Kg©xi †mev, Riæwi cÖm~wZ IbeRvZ‡Ki †mev Ges cÖm‡ei c‡i gv IbeRvZ‡Ki cwi`k©b I ¯^v¯’¨‡mev| †meviavivevwnKZvi cÖwμqvq ¯^v¯’ëë¯’vi mv‡_¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx, †jvKvjq I evwo‡K mshy³ K‡i GB †mev †cuŠ‡Q†`qvi eë¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e| M‡elYvq cÖKvk, Riæwi cÖm~wZ †mev IcÖv_wgK ¯^v¯’¨‡mevq bvixi AwaKvi wbwðZ Ki‡Z cvi‡j gvZ…g„Zz invi cÖvq 80 fvM Kwg‡h Avbv m¤¢e|

gv I beRvZK ¯^v‡¯’ï DbœwZ Z¡ivwš^Z Ki‡Z n‡j Avwd«Kv I Gwkqviw`‡K Av‡iv †ewk K‡i g‡bv‡hvM †`qv AZ¨šÍ Riæwi| we‡k¦i 95kZvsk gvZ…g„Zz Ges 90 kZvsk beRvZK g„Zz N‡U _v‡K GB yBgnv‡`‡k| gv I beRvZ‡Ki Rxeb iÿv I ¯^v‡¯’ï †ÿ‡Î me‡P‡q eoP¨v‡jÄ i‡q †M‡Q GLv‡bB|

c„w_exi mg¯Í gvZ…g„Zz i yB Z…Zxqvsk N‡U _v‡K gvÎ `kwU †`‡k|GK Z…Zxqvsk gvZ…g„Zz N‡U †KejgvÎ fviZ I bvB‡Rwiqvq| 2008mv‡j BDwb‡md, wek¦ ¯^v¯’¨ ms¯’v, RvwZmsN RbmsL¨v Znwej Geswek¦ e¨vsK m‡e©v”P g„Zz nvi m¤úbœ 25wU †`‡k gv I beRvZK ¯^v‡¯’ïDbœqb Z¡ivwš^Z Kivi j‡ÿ¨ GK‡hv‡M KvR Kivi wm×všÍ wb‡q‡Q|

eqm nevi Av‡MB Mf©ve¯’v Ges gvZ…Z¡ †g‡q‡ì Rb¨ we‡kl ¯^v¯’¨SzuwKe‡q Av‡b| hZ Aí eq‡m Mf©aviY Ki‡e GKwU †g‡q Zvi wb‡RiGes mšÍv‡bi ¯^v‡¯’ï Ici ZZ †ewk SzuwKi m„wó n‡e| c„w_ex Ry‡o 15†_‡K 19 eQi eqmx †g‡q‡ì g„Zz i Ab¨Zg cÖavb KviY Mf©aviY ImšÍvb cÖm‡ei mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z cÖwZeQi GB g„Zz i msL¨v uvovq cÖvq70,000|

evj¨weevn, Mf©aviY, GBPAvBwf I GBWm, †hŠb mš¿vm Ges bvix-cyiæl êlg¨RwbZ wbh©vZb - GBmeKviYB wK‡kvix †g‡q‡ì ¯‹zj †_‡KAmg‡q S‡i covi SzuwK evwo‡q †Zv‡j|Gi d‡j cvjvμ‡g Av‡iv †Mu‡o e‡mêlg¨, `vwi`ª Ges gv I beRvZ‡KiD”P g„Zz nv‡ii gZ yóPμ|

`vwi‡`ªi Aïf duv` fvOvi Rb¨ Ges gvI beRvZ‡Ki ¯^v‡¯’ï Rb¨ GKwUmnvqK cwi‡ek ˆZwi Kivi me‡P‡qkw³kvjx c_ n‡”Q †g‡q‡ì GesAíeqmx bvix‡ì wkwÿZ K‡i †Zvjv|¯^v¯’¨ eë¯’vi m¤úÖmviY GesAZ¨vek¨Kxq †mevmyweav¸‡jvi AvIZvevov‡Z, †g‡q‡ì I bvix‡ì myiÿv IÿgZvq‡bi j‡ÿ¨ mwVK c`‡ÿc MÖn‡YmKj cÖ‡Póv mw¤§wjZ K‡i GK‡hv‡M

KvR Kivi g‡a¨B `ªæZ AMÖMwZi m¤¢vebv wbwnZ Av‡Q|

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G¨vb Gg †f‡bg¨vb wbe©vnx cwiPvjK, RvwZmsN wkï Znwej ................................................ iii

gv I beRvZ‡Ki ¯^v¯’¨: Avgiv †Kv_vq uvwo‡q ....................................................1

c¨v‡bjgvZ…g„Zz¨ cwigv‡c P¨v‡jÄmg~n ..................................................................7

gv I beRvZ‡Ki Rb¨ mnvqK cwi‡ek m„wó - RW©v‡bi ivbx ivwbqv Avj Ave yjøvn, wkï‡ì Rb¨ wewkó cÖe³v ........................................11

bvB‡Rwiqvq gv I beRvZ‡Ki ¯^v¯’¨: `ªæZ AMÖMwZi Rb¨ Dbœqb †KŠkj ............................................................19

mnmªvã Dbœqb j¶¨-5 Gi m¤cÖmviY: 2015 mv‡ji g‡a¨ cÖRbb ¯^v‡¯’ï mve©Rwbb AwfMgb ..................................20

kªxj¼vq gvZ…¯^v¯’¨‡K cÖvavb¨ `vb ..............................................................21

bvix I wkïi †ÿ‡Î êwk¦K P¨v‡jÄmg~‡n Avwd«Kv I Gwkqvi AwfbœZv ..............................................................................22

wek¦ Lv`¨ msKU Ges gv I beRvZ‡Ki Ici Zvi m¤¢ve¨ cÖfve ................................................................................24

wPÎmg~n

1.1 gv I wkï ¯^v¯’¨ wel‡q mnmªvã Dbœqb j¶¨ ..........................................3

1.2 gvZ…g„Zz i AvÂwjK web¨vm ..............................................................6

1.3 gvZ…g„Zz i cÖeYZv, ch©vq Ges Rxebe¨vcx SuwzK ......................................8

1.4 m`¨RvZ wkï g„Zz i AvÂwjK nvi ....................................................10

1.5 gvZ…g„Zz i cÖZ¨¶ KviYmg~n, 1997-2002 ........................................14

1.6 m`¨RvZ wkï g„Zz i cÖZ¨ÿ KviYmg~n, 2000 ....................................15

1.7 gv I m`¨RvZ wkïi g„Zz I †ivMMÖ¯’Zvi aviYvMZ KvVv‡gv ....................17

1.8 wek¦ Ry‡o Lv`¨`ª‡eï g~j¨ e„w× ........................................................24

gv I beRvZ‡Ki ¯^v‡¯’ï Rb¨ AbyK‚j cwi‡ek cwi‡ek m„wó ..................................25

c¨v‡bjgv, beRvZK I wkïi R‡b¨ ¯^v¯’¨Ki AvPiY msewa©Z Kiv: ¯^v¯’¨ Z_¨ wb‡`©wkKv..............................................................................29

cÖv_wgK ¯^v¯’¨‡mev: Avjgv-AvZvi cieZx© 30 eQi ......................................31

¯^v¯’¨Kg©xi NvUwZ †gvPb: gv I beRvZ‡Ki ¯^v‡¯’ï DbœwZK‡í GKwU Riæwi D‡`¨vM ............................................................................35

gv I beRvZ‡Ki Rb¨ e„nËi ¯^v¯’¨ mgZvi j‡¶¨ Ñ wmRvi wR. wf‡±vwiqv, eªvwR‡ji †dWv‡ij `v †c‡jvZvm wek¦we`¨vj‡qi Gwc‡WwgIjwR wefv‡Mi Aa¨cK..............................................................38

†ciæi MÖvgxY ms¯‹…wZi mv‡_ gvbvbmB gvZ…‡mevi Awf‡hvRb ..........................42

`w¶Y my vb: kvwšÍ cÖwZôvi ci gvZ…g„Zz i weiæ‡× GK bZzb jovB ....................43

wPÎmg~n

2.1 mvivevwnK †mev ..........................................................................27

2.2 AMÖMwZ m‡Ë¡I A‡bK Dbœqbkxj AÂ‡j Aí eqmx bvix‡ì wkÿvi ¯Íi GLbI wb‡P ................................................................30

2.3 bvix-cyiæl mgZv D‡jøL‡hvM¨fv‡e evo‡jI †Q‡j‡ì †P‡q eû †g‡q cÖv_wgK we`¨vj‡qi evB‡i i‡q‡Q ........................................33

2.4 `w¶Y Gwkqv I Avwd«Kvi Dc mvnviv AÂ‡j evj¨weevn cÖKU AvKv‡i we`¨gvb ..................................................................34

2.5 bvixi wj½‡”Q`/KZ©b Av‡Mi †P‡q msL¨vq n«vm †c‡jI A‡bK Dbœqbkxj †`‡k GLbI we`¨gvb ......................................................37

2.6 ab-m¤ú` Ges AÂj‡f‡` †hme gv cÖmeKv‡j `¶ †mev cvq ................38

2.7 A¨vw·jv‡i‡UW PvBì mvf©vBfvj GÛ †W‡fjc‡g›U (GwmGmwW) D‡`¨vM ev¯Íevq‡bi c‡i I Av‡M gvwji bvixiv wZb ev Z‡ZvwaKcÖme-c~e© †mev cv‡”Q ....................................................................39

2.8 Dbœqbkxj †`k¸‡jv‡Z AwaKvsk bvixB Zv‡ì wb‡Ri ¯^v¯’¨‡mevi cÖ‡qvRb wb‡q K_v ej‡Z cv‡i bv ....................................................40

¯’vb Ges mgq‡f‡` avivevwnK †mev: SzuwK I my‡hvMmg~n ........................................................45

c¨v‡bjgv I beRvZ‡Ki abyósKvi we‡jvc ..........................................................49

D”P i³PvcRwbZ wech©q: mvaviY wKš‘ RwUj ............................................53

Rxe‡bi cÖ_g 28 w`b Ñ RyjwdKvi G. fy‡Æv, Aa¨vcK I †Pqvig¨vb, wWcvU©‡g›U Ae †cwWqvwUªKm GÛ PvBì †nj_, AvMv Lvb BDwbfvwm©wU, KivwP, cvwK¯Ívb ..................................................................................57

AvdMvwb¯Ív‡b cÖm~wZwe`¨v ......................................................................60

Nvbvq K¨v½viæ gv †mev ..........................................................................62

Mf©ve¯’vq GBPAvBwf I g¨v‡jwiqvi mn-msμgY..........................................63

jvB‡ewiqvq eqtmwÜKv‡j †g‡qiv †hme P¨v‡j‡Äi m¤§yLxb nq Ñfvevn †Md¬i, †RÛvi I Dbœqb gš¿x, jvB‡ewiqv ..........................................64

wPÎmg~n

3.1 m`¨RvZ wkïi abyósKvi †_‡K myi¶v..................................................48

3.2 gv †_‡K wkï‡Z GBPAvBwf msμgY cÖwZ†iv‡a GBPAvBwf cwRwUf gv‡q‡ì G¨vw›U‡i‡UªvfvBivj cÖwdjvw·m ................................50

3.3 cÖme-c~e© †mev ..............................................................................51

3.4 cÖmeKvjxb †mev............................................................................52

3.5 Riæwi Mf©Kvjxb cwiPh©v: MÖvgxY wmRvwiqvb c×wZ..................................54

3.6 R‡b¥i AeëwnZ ci I we‡klfv‡e ¯Íb¨`vb ........................................59

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gv I beRvZ‡Ki ¯^v‡¯’ï DbœwZK‡í ¯^v¯’ëë¯’v †Rvi`vi Kiv......................................................67

c¨v‡bjgvZ…g„Zz †iv‡a ¯^v¯’¨‡mev eë¯’vq Riæwi ms‡hvM c×wZi eënvi Ñ †ivmv gvwiqv by‡bm-DiwKmv, RvZxq Rb¯^v¯’¨ Bbw÷wUDU, †gw·‡Kv ..........................73

gvZ…¯^v‡¯’ï bZzb w`Kmg~n Ñ gvwiI †gwiqvjw`, wek¦ ¯^v¯’¨ ms¯’v Ges †Rwbdvi n¨vwim †i‡K‡mv, cvU©bviwkc di †gUvibvj, wbDeb© GÛ PvBì †nj_..................................................................................75

jvI Rb-MYZvwš¿K cÖRvZ‡š¿ ¯^v¯’ëë¯’v „pxKib ........................................76

gv I beRvZK‡ì Rxeb i¶v Ñ Rb¥-cieZ©x AwZ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cÖ_g w`b¸‡jv ÑuuuuRq jb, DaŸ©Zb M‡elYv I bxwZ Dc‡`óv, †mwfs wbDeb© jvBfm/†mf `¨ wPj‡Wªb Ñ BDGm, `w¶Y Avwd«Kv ..................................................80

eyiæwÛ: gv I wkïi ¯^v‡¯’ï cÖwZ miKv‡ii A½xKvi ....................................83

fvi‡Z gv I beRvZ‡Ki ¯^v¯’¨‡mevi mgš^q................................................85

wPÎmg~n

4.1 Riæwi Mf©Kvjxb cwiPh©v: RvwZms‡Ni c×wZ m~PKmg~n I mycvwikK…Z ¯Íimg~n ....................................................................70

4.2 2005 mv‡ji gvZ… g„Zz i wnmve wba©vi‡Y eëüZ g~j DcvË-Drmmg~‡ni web¨vm ......................................................................71

4.3 wbw`©ófv‡e Avwd«Kv I `w¶Y-c~e© Gwkqvq `¶ ¯^v¯’¨Kg©xi mieivn Kg ......74

4.4 2015 mv‡ji KvD›UWvD‡b AMÖvwaKvicÖvß 68wU †`‡ki beRvZK, gv I wkï ¯^v‡¯’ï Rb¨ g~j bxwZgvjv MÖnY ........................................78

4.5 miKv‡ii †gvU e¨‡qi Ask wnmv‡e ¯^v¯’¨ Lv‡Z †hme AÂ‡j miKvwi e¨qme©wbgœ Zvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q Gwkqv ......................................................79

4.6 cÖm‡evËi ¯^v¯’¨ cwiPh©v †KŠkjmg~n: m¤¢ve¨Zv I cÖ‡qv‡Mi †¶‡Î P¨v‡jÄmg~n ............................................81

4.7 ¯^í Av‡qi †`kmg~‡n †emiKvwi ¯^v¯’¨ †mevi e¨q †ewkifvM †mevMÖnYKvix‡K bM` w`‡Z nq ......................................................82

4.8 wbgœ Av‡qi †`k¸‡jv‡Z cÖwZ 10,000 †jv‡Ki Rb¨ gvÎ 10wU nvmcvZvj kh¨v ............................................................84

gv I beRvZ‡Ki ¯^v‡¯’ï Dbœq‡bGK‡hv‡M KvR Kiv ......................................................91

c¨v‡bjgv I beRvZ‡Ki ¯^v‡¯’ï Rb¨ mw¤§wjZ cÖqvm Ñ mvivn& eªvDb, wbivc` gvZ…‡Z¡i Rb¨ †nvqvBU wieb ˆgÎxi c„ô‡cvlK Ges hy³ivR¨ miKv‡ii cÖavbgš¿x MW©b eªvD‡bi ¯¿x ............................................94

gv I beRvZ‡Ki ¯^v‡¯’ï Rb¨ wek¦e¨vcx ¯^v¯’¨NwUZ Askx`vwi D‡`¨vMmg~n ..........................................................................96

ga¨ Avwd«Kvb cÖRvZ‡š¿ gv I beRvZK‡ì Rb¨ Askx`vi wn‡m‡e KvR Kviv ................................................................................99

uRvwZms‡Ni ms¯’vmg~n gv I beRvZ‡Ki ¯^v¯’¨ mnvqZvK‡í mnKvwiZv †Rvi`vi Ki‡Q ....................................................................102

¯^v¯’¨ Z_¨ eë¯’vmg~‡ni gv‡bvbœqb: `¨ †nj_&& †gwUª· †bUIqvK©....................................................................105

wPÎmg~n

5.1 ¯^v¯’¨ eë¯’v kw³kvjxKiY I Acwinvh© Kvh©μg AvbycvwZK nv‡i evov‡bvi j‡¶¨ g~j êwk¦K D‡`¨vMmg~n ............................................97

5.2 gv I m`¨RvZ wkïi Rb¨ miKvix Dbœqb mvnvh¨ 2004 mvj †_‡K `ªæZ e„w× †c‡q‡Q ................................................98

5.3 cywó, wcGgwUwmwU Ges wkï ¯^v‡¯’¨ A_©vqb D‡jøL‡hvM¨ nv‡i e„w× †c‡q‡Q........................................................100

5.4 mv¤cÖwZK eQi¸‡jv‡Z êwk¦K ¯^v¯’¨ D‡`¨vMmg~n †_‡K wkï, beRvZK I gvZ… ^v‡¯’ï Rb¨ A_©vqb e„w× †c‡q‡Q ..............................101

5.5 gv I beRvZ‡Ki ¯^v¯’¨‡mevi avivevwnKZvi cÖwZwU MVb-Dcv`vb I Zrmwkøó Kvh©vejxi Rb¨ †K›`ªxq I mn‡hvMx ms¯’vmg~n ........................103

†idv‡iÝ ........................................................................................106

cwimsL¨vb mviwY ......................................................................113

Ab~aŸ©-5 Abymv‡i †`k I AÂ‡ji g„Zz nvi μg Ae¯’vb ............................117

mviwY 1. †gŠwjK m~PK ....................................................................118

mviwY 2. cywó................................................................................122

mviwY 3. ¯^v¯’¨ ..............................................................................126

mviwY 4. GBPAvBwf/GBWm ............................................................130

mviwY 5. wk¶v..............................................................................134

mviwY 6. RbmsL¨v m~PK..................................................................138

mviwY 7. A_©‰bwZK m~PK ................................................................142

mviwY 8. bvix ..............................................................................146

mviwY 9. wkï myi¶v ......................................................................150

mviwY 10. AMÖMwZi nvi ..................................................................154

UxKv ................................................................................................158

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gv I wkï ¯^v¯’¨ i¶vq mnmªvã Dbœqb j¶¨wPÎ 1.1

mnmªvã Dbœqb j¶¨ 4: wkï g„Zz n«vm

j¶¨mg~n m~PKmg~n

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4.1 cuvP eQ‡ii wb‡Pi eqmx wkï g„Zz¨nvi

4.2 GK eQ‡ii Kg eqmx wkï g„Zz nvi

4.3 GK eQi eqmx wkïi nv‡gi wUKv †ÌqviAbycvZ

mnmªvã Dbœqb j¶¨ 5: gvZ… ¯^v‡¯’ï DbœwZ*

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5.1 gvZ…g„Zzï AbycvZ

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5.3 Rb¥wb‡ivaK eënv‡ii nvi

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5.6 cwievi cwiKíbvi Acwic~wiZ Pvwn`v

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eq¯‹ bvixi wUKv`vb Ges ¯^v¯’¨Ki cÖme cÖwμqvi gva¨‡g abyó¼vimn‡RB cÖwZ‡iva‡hvM¨| Dfq c`‡¶‡ci AwaKZi ev¯Íevqb, we‡klK‡i Mf©eZx bvixi wUKv`v‡bi d‡j 1980 mvj †_‡K D‡jøL‡hvM¨fv‡ebvix I beRvZ‡Ki g„Zz i NUbv I msL¨v n«vm †c‡q‡Q| cÖ_g GBeQiwU‡ZB e¨vcK DcvË cvIqv †M‡Q| 1988 mv‡j cÖvq 8 jvLbeRvZ‡Ki g„Zz i Rb¨ `vqx wQj abyó¼vi Ges 90wUiI †ewk †`‡ki†Rjv ch©v‡q cÖwZ nvRvi RxweZ R‡š§i g‡a¨ GK ev GKvwaKbeRvZ‡Ki abyó¼v‡ii Lei cvIqv hvq| 2008 mv‡ji gvSvgvwSmg‡q †Rjv ch©v‡q GK ev GKvwaK gv I beRvZ‡Ki abyó¼v‡ii NUbvwi‡cvU© K‡i‡Q Ggb †`‡ki msL¨v 46-G †b‡g Av‡m|

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D”P-SuzwK c`‡¶c e¨vcKfv‡e mgv „Z n‡q‡Q| 1999 mvj †_‡K

2005 mv‡ji g‡a¨ 6 †KvwU 40 jvL bvix‡K Kgc‡¶ yB †WvR wUwU†Ìqv m¤¢e n‡q‡Q| †`‡k djvdj n‡q‡Q LyeB Avkve¨ÄK:

• †bcv‡j 1980 mv‡ji ïiæ‡Z wUKv Kg©m~wP Pvjyi Av‡M GKM‡elYvq †`Lv hvq, beRvZK‡ì g‡a¨ abyó¼v‡ii nvi wQj A‡bK†ewk| wKš‘ eq¯‹ bvix‡ì g‡a¨ wUKv Kg©m~wP Pvjy Ges D”P-SuzwKc`‡¶c ev¯Íevq‡bi ci GB nvi 2005 mvj bvMv` A‡bK K‡g†M‡Q, †Rjv cÖwZ GK nvRvi RxweZ R‡b¥ abyó¼v‡i g„Zz G‡KiIwb‡P †b‡g †M‡Q|

• 1986 mv‡j wgk‡i cwiPvwjZ GK M‡elYvq †`Lv †M‡Q, cÖwZ GKnvRvi RxweZ R‡b¥ mvZRbB gviv †h‡Zv abyó¼v‡i, MÖvgxY GjvKvqGB nvi wQj cÖwZ GK nvRv‡i 10 Rb| 2007 mv‡j D”P-SuzwKc`‡¶c ev¯Íevq‡bi ci †_‡K GB nvi n«vm †c‡q cÖwZ †Rjvq cÖwZnvRvi RxweZ R‡b¥ abyó¼viRwbZ g„‡Zi msL¨v GKR‡biI wb‡P†b‡g G‡m‡Q|

• Avwki `k‡Ki gvSvgvwS mg‡q evsjv‡`‡k beRvZ‡Ki g‡aäbyó¼v‡ii nvi wQj A‡bK †ewk| †`‡ki wKQy GjvKvq cÖwZ nvRviRxweZ R‡b¥ 20 †_‡K 40 Rb wkïB AvμvšÍ n‡Zv abyó¼v‡i| IBmgq Mf©avi‡Y m¶g eqmx bvixi g‡a¨ kZKiv gvÎ 5 fvM wUwUwUKv MÖnY Ki‡Zv Ges kZKiv gvÎ 5 fvM bvix cwi”Qbœ cÖme‡mev†c‡Zv| D”P-SuzwK c`‡¶c MÖn‡Yi d‡j 2008 mv‡j evsjv‡`‡kcÖwZ nvRvi RxweZ R‡b¥ beRvZ‡Ki abyó¼v‡i g„Zz G‡KiI wb‡Pbvwg‡q Avb‡Z †c‡i‡Q|

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cÖmeKv‡j `¶ mnvq‡Ki Dcw¯’wZ wbwðZ Kiv

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wPÎ 3.2

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wPÎ 3.3

* c~e©/`w¶Y Avwd«Kv I cwðg/ga¨ Avwd«Kv wg‡j Avwd«Kvi Dc-mvnviv AÂj MwVZ| **Pxb e¨ZxZ|

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cÖmeKvjxb †mevwPÎ 3.4

* c~e©/`w¶Y Avwd«Kv I cwðg/ga¨ Avwd«Kv wg‡j Avwd«Kvi Dc-mvnviv AÂj MwVZ| ** Rwic cwiPvjbvi cÖ¯‘wZKv‡ji yB eQ‡ii g‡a¨ 15 †_‡K 49 eQi eqmx †hme gv mšÍvb Rb¥ w`‡q‡Q Zv‡ì AbycvZ Ges ¯^v¯’¨‡K‡›`ª cÖm‡ei welqwU Bw½Z K‡i cÖvwZôvwbK cÖme|*** `¶ ¯^v¯’¨Kg©xi (wPwKrmK, †mweKv I avÎx) gva¨‡g mšÍvb cÖm‡ei kZKiv wnmve cÖKvk K‡i `¶ mnvq‡Ki mnvqZvq cÖme|m~Î: †W‡gvMÖvwdK GÛ †nj_ mv‡f©, gvwëcj BwÛ‡KUi K¬v÷vi mv‡f©, WweøDGBPI Ges BDwb‡md

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jvB‡ewiqvq emevmKvix GK eqtmwÜ †g‡qÑ

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- eqm 15 eQ‡ii wb‡P n‡j gvZ…‡Z¡i Kvi‡Y g„Zz i SzuwK _v‡K AviI

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GUvI wbwðZ Kiv cÖ‡qvRb †h, cwievi¸‡jv †hb Zv‡ì †g‡q‡ì 18eQ‡ii Av‡M we‡q Ki‡Z bv †`q A_ev †kvlYg~jK kÖ‡g Zviv †hbwbhy³ bv nq|

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gvVch©v‡qi Ges ewnwe©fvMxq †mevmg~nevwo, KwgDwbwU †mev Ges ¯^v¯’¨‡K›`ª-wfwËK †mevi gv‡S GKwU †mZzi gZf~wgKv cvjb Ki‡Z cv‡i| †hŠb IcÖRbb ¯^v‡¯’ï DbœwZweavbmn cÖme-c~e©I cÖme-cieZ©x †mev cÖ`v‡bi †KŠkj

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cÖme-cieZ©x †mev cÖ`v‡bI gvV ch©v‡qi†mevmg~n‡K Kv‡R jvMv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i|GB Aa¨v‡qi ïiæ‡ZB GwU D‡jøL Kivn‡q‡Q| gyL¨ †mev¸‡jvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q, gvI beRvZ‡Ki wec` wPý¸‡jv mbv³ KivGes cix¶v Kiv, LvevimsμvšÍ civgk©-we‡kl K‡i R‡b¥i AeëwnZ c‡i ïaygvÎey‡Ki ya LvIqv‡bv Ges beRvZ‡Ki†mev, cÖ‡qvR‡b gv ev wkïi wPwKrmviRb¨ †idvivj civgk© cÖ`vb Ges¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z AvPi‡Yi e¨vcv‡i mnvqZv I civgk©|29

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66 w e k¦ w k ï c w i w ¯’ w Z 2 0 0 9

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70 w e k¦ w k ï c w i w ¯’ w Z 2 0 0 9

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Riæwi Mf©Kvjxb cwiPh©v †mev cÖ`vbKvix †K‡›`ªimsL¨v

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by bZg: 100% (cÖZ¨vwkZ cÖm‡ei 15% wnmve Abyhvqx)

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by¨bZg:5%m‡e©v”P: 15%

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m‡e©v”P:1%

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106 w e k¦ w k ï c w i w ¯’ w Z 2 0 0 9

CHAPTER 1 1 Wessel, Hans, et al., ‘Deaths among Women of

Reproductive Age in Cape Verde: Causes andavoidability’, Acta Obstetricia et GynecologicaScandinavica, vol. 78, no. 3, March 1999, pp.225–232; Bartlett, Linda A., et al., ‘Where GivingBirth is a Forecast of Death: Maternal mortality infour districts of Afghanistan, 1999–2002’, TheLancet, vol. 365, no. 9462, 5–11 March 2005, pp.864–870; Kilpatrick, Sarah J., et al., ‘Preventabilityof Maternal Deaths: Comparison betweenZambian and American referral hospitals’,Obstetrics & Gynecology, vol. 100, 2002, pp.321–326.

2 World Health Organization, Neonatal and PerinatalMortality: Country, regional and global estimates2004, WHO, Geneva, 2006, p. 4.

3 Derived from UNICEF global databases, 2008;World Health Organization, United NationsChildren’s Fund, United Nations Population Fundand the World Bank, Maternal Mortality in 2005:Estimates developed by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPAand the World Bank, WHO, Geneva, 2007, p. 35.

4 Nanda, Geeta, Kimberly Switlick and ElizabethLule, Accelerating Progress towards Achieving theMDG to Improve Maternal Health: A collection ofpromising approaches, World Bank, Washington,D.C., April 2005, p. 4.

5 Fishman, Steven M., et al., ‘Childhood andmaternal underweight’, Chapter 2 in ComparativeQuantification of Health Risks: Global and regionalburden of disease attributable to selected majorrisk factors, edited by Majid Ezzati et al., WorldHealth Organization, Geneva, 2004, pp. 84–86.

6 Barlett, Linda A. et al., ‘Where Giving Birth is aForecast of Death: Maternal mortality in fourdistricts of Afghanistan, 1999–2002’, The Lancet,vol. 365, no. 9462, 5–11 March 2005, p. 868.

7 World Health Organization, United NationsChildren’s Fund, United Nations Population Fundand the World Bank, Maternal Mortality in 2005:Estimates developed by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPAand the World Bank, WHO, Geneva, 2007, pp.3–8, 35.

8 Figures derived from United Nations Children’sFund, Progress for Children: A report card onmaternal mortality, Number 7, UNICEF, New York,September 2008, pp. 42–45; World HealthOrganization, United Nations Children’s Fund,United Nations Population Fund and the WorldBank, Maternal Mortality in 2005: Estimatesdeveloped by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA and theWorld Bank, WHO, Geneva, 2007, pp. 23–27, 35.

9 World Health Organization, Neonatal and PerinatalMortality: Country, regional and global estimates2004, WHO, Geneva, 2006, p. 2.

10 Lawn, Joy E., Simon Cousens and Jelka Zupan, ‘4 Million Neonatal Deaths: When? where? why?’,The Lancet, vol. 365, no. 9462, 5 March 2005, pp. 891–892.

11 UNICEF estimates based on data from WorldHealth Organization, Neonatal and PerinatalMortality: Country, regional and global estimates2004, WHO, Geneva, 2006.

12 Ronsmans, Carine, and Wendy J. Graham,‘Maternal Mortality: Who, when, where and why’,The Lancet, vol. 368, no. 9542, 30 September2006, p. 1193; Li, X.F., et al., ‘The PostpartumPeriod: The key to maternal mortality’,International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics,vol. 54, no. 1, 1996, pp. 1–10; World HealthOrganization, World Health Report 2005: Makeevery mother and child count, WHO, Geneva,2005, pp. 10, 62.

13 Ronsmans, Carine, and Wendy J. Graham,‘Maternal Mortality: Who, when, where and why’,The Lancet, vol. 368, no. 9542, 30 September2006, p. 1195.

14 Black, Robert E., et al., ‘Maternal and ChildUndernutrition: Global and regional exposures andhealth consequences, The Lancet, vol. 371, no.9608, 19 January 2008, pp. 243–244; World HealthOrganization, Adolescent Pregnancy: Unmet needsand undone deeds – A review of the literature andprogrammes, WHO, Geneva, 2007, pp. 19–20.

15 Center for Disease Control and Prevention, ‘Trendsin Wheat-Flour Fortification with Folic Acid andIron – Worldwide, 2004 and 2007’, Morbidity andMortality Weekly Report, vol. 57, no. 1, 11 January2008, pp. 8–10.

16 Allen, Lindsay H., and Stuart R. Gillespie, ‘What Works? A Review of the Efficacy andEffectiveness of Nutrition Interventions’, ACC/SCNNutrition Policy Paper No. 19/ADB Nutrition andDevelopment Series No. 5, Asian DevelopmentBank with the UN Administrative Committee onCoordination Sub-Committee on Nutrition(ACC/SCN), Manila, 2001, pp. 56, 59.

17 World Health Organization, The World HealthReport 2005: Make every mother and child count,WHO, Geneva, 2005, p. 44; United NationsChildren’s Fund, Progress for Children: A reportcard on maternal mortality, Number 7, UNICEF,New York, September 2008, p. 6.

18 Ronsmans, Carine, and Wendy J. Graham,‘Maternal Mortality: Who, when, where and why’,The Lancet, vol. 368, no. 9542, 30 September2006, pp. 1194–1195.

19 Brahmbhatt, Heena, et al., ‘Association of HIV and Malaria with Mother-to-Child Transmission,Birth Outcomes, and Child Mortality’, Journal ofAcquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, vol. 47,no. 4, 1 April 2008, p. 475.

20 United Nations Children’s Fund, Progress forChildren: A report card on maternal mortality,Number 7, UNICEF, New York, September 2008, p. 6; World Health Organization, AdolescentPregnancy: Unmet needs and undone deeds – A review of literature and programmes, WHO,Geneva, 2007, pp. 19–20; Gunasekera, Prasanna,Junko Sazaki and Godfrey Walker, ‘Pelvic OrganProlapse: Don’t forget developing countries’, TheLancet, vol. 369, no. 9575, 26 May 2007, pp.1789–1790.

21 Lawn, Joy E., Simon Cousens and Jelka Zupan, ‘4 Million Neonatal Deaths: When? Where? Why?’,The Lancet, vol. 365, no. 9462, 5 March 2005, pp.894–895; Desai, Meghna, et al., ‘Epidemiology andBurden of Malaria in Pregnancy’, The Lancet

Infectious Diseases, vol. 7, no. 2, February 2007,pp. 96–97.

22 Bang, Abhay, M. H. Reddy and M. D. Deshmukh,‘Child Mortality in Maharashtra’, Economic andPolitical Weekly, vol. 37, no. 49, 7 December2002, pp. 4947–4965; Black, Robert E., et al.,‘Maternal and Child Undernutrition: Global andregional exposures and health consequences, The Lancet, vol. 371, no. 9608, 19 January 2008,pp. 243–244.

23 Desai, Meghna, et al., ‘Epidemiology and Burdenof Malaria in Pregnancy’, The Lancet InfectiousDiseases, vol. 7, no. 2, February 2007, pp. 96–97.

24 Setty-Venugopal, Vidya, and Ushma D. Upadhyay,‘Birth Spacing: Three to five saves lives’,Population Reports, Series L, no. 13, JohnsHopkins University Bloomberg School of PublicHealth, Population Information Program,Baltimore, 2002, p. 1.

25 World Health Organization, World Health Report2005: Make every mother and child count, WHO,Geneva, 2005, p. 10; JHPIEGO, Best Practices:Detecting and treating newborn asphyxia,JHPIEGO, 2004, <http://www.mnh.jhpiego.org/best/detasphyxia.pdf>, accessed 31 August 2008.

26 Lawn, Joy E., Simon Cousens and Jelka Zupan, ‘4 Million Neonatal Deaths: When? where? why?’,The Lancet, vol. 365, no. 9462, 5 March 2005, p. 896.

27 Lawn, Joy E., et al., ‘Newborn Survival’, Chapter27 in Disease Control Priorities in DevelopingCountries, 2nd ed., edited by Dean T. Jamison, etal., Oxford University Press and the World Bank,Washington, D.C., 2006, p. 534.

28 Adapted from United Nations Children’s Fund,Progress for Children: A report card on maternalmortality, Number 7, UNICEF, New York, September2008, pp. 37–38; Kerber, Kate J., et al., ‘Continuumof Care for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health:From slogan to service delivery’, The Lancet, vol.370, no. 9595, 13 October 2007, pp. 1358–1369;Bryce, Jennifer, and J. H. Requejo, TrackingProgress in Maternal, Newborn & Child Survival: The2008 report, Countdown to 2015, United NationsChildren’s Fund, New York, 2008, pp. 41–48.

29 The World Bank’s definition of fragile states coverslow-income countries scoring 3.2 and below onthe Country Policy and Institutional Assessment(CPIA). The list of fragile states is updatedannually, based on the computation of thecountries’ individual CPIAs. For further details ofthe definition see, Global Monitoring Report 2007:Confronting the challenges of gender equality andfragile states, World Bank, Washington D.C., 2007,p. 40. For the countries and territories on theWorld Bank’s International DevelopmentAssociation list for fiscal year 2007, see<http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/EXTABOUTUS/IDA/0,,contentMDK:21389974~pagePK:51236175~piPK:437394~theSitePK:73154,00.html>, accessed 30 August2008.

30 United Nations Millennium Project, Investing inDevelopment: A practical plan to achieve theMillennium Development Goals, Earthscan,London/Sterling, VA, 2005, pp. 113, 188.

References

†idv‡iÝ 107

CHAPTER 1 PANELSChallenges in measuring maternal deathsWorld Health Organization, United Nations Children’sFund, United Nations Population Fund and the WorldBank, Maternal Mortality in 2005: Estimatesdeveloped by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, and the WorldBank, WHO, Geneva, 2007, pp. 1–10.

Creating a supportive environment for mothersand newborns Gill, Kirrin, Rohini Pande and Anju Malhotra, ‘WomenDeliver for Development: Executive Summary’,Family Care International, New York, 2007, p. 1;United Nations, The Millennium Development GoalsReport 2007, UN, New York, 2007, p. 17.

Maternal and newborn health in Nigeria:Developing strategies to accelerate progressUnited Nations Population Fund/Engender Health,Obstetric Fistula Needs Assessment Report: Findingsfrom nine African countries, UNFPA/Engender Health, New York, 2003, p. 57–58; World HealthOrganization, Neonatal and Perinatal Mortality:Country, regional and global estimates 2004, WHO,Geneva, 2006, p. 11; Wall, L. Lewis, ‘Dead Mothersand Injured Wives: The social context of maternalmorbidity and mortality among the Hausa of northernNigeria’, Studies in Family Planning, vol. 29, no. 4,December 1998, p. 350.

Expanding Millennium Development Goal 5:Universal access to reproductive health by 2015Glasier, A., et al., ‘Sexual and Reproductive Health: Amatter of life and death’, The Lancet, vol. 368, no.9547, 4 November 2006, p. 1595; derived fromUnited Nations Population Fund, The State of WorldPopulation 2004: The Cairo consensus at ten –Population, reproductive health and the global effortto end poverty, UNFPA, New York, 2004, pp. 4–7, 12.

Prioritizing maternal health in Sri LankaUNICEF Sri Lanka, Annual Report 2007, Colombo,2008, pp.7–8; Padmanathan, Indra, et al., Investing in Maternal Health: Learning from Malaysia and Sri Lanka, Washington, D.C., World Bank, 2003, pp. 1–3, 107, 110, 114, 116–117, 122, 131.

The global food crisis and its potential impact onmaternal and newborn healthFood and Agricultural Organization of the UnitedNations, Soaring Food Prices: Facts, perspectives,impacts and actions required, FAO, Rome, June2008, pp. 2–4, 17; Young, Helen, et al., ‘PublicNutrition in Complex Emergencies’, The Lancet,vol. 364, no. 9448, 20 November 2004, p. 1899;United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees,United Nations Children’s Fund, World FoodProgramme and World Health Organization, Food and Nutrition Needs in Emergencies, UNHCR/UNICEF/WFP/WHO, p. 21; Food and Agriculture Organizationof the United Nations, The Global Information andEarly Warning System on Food and Agriculture,<http://www.fao.org/giews/english/giews_en.pdf >,accessed 1 August 2008.

CHAPTER 21 World Health Organization, Ouagadougou Declaration

on Primary Health Care and Health Systems in Africa:Achieving better health for Africa in the NewMillennium, WHO, Geneva, April 2008, p. 1.

2 Kerber, Kate, et al., ‘Continuum of Care forMaternal, Newborn and Child Health: From sloganto service delivery,’ The Lancet, vol. 370, no. 9595,13 October 2007, pp. 1358–1369.

3 United Nations Children’s Fund, The State of theWorld’s Children 2008, UNICEF, New York,January 2008, pp. 39–41, 63–64.

4 Lawn, Joy E., Simon Cousens and Jelka Zupan, ‘4 Million Neonatal Deaths: When? Where? Why?’,The Lancet, vol. 365, no. 9462, 5 March 2005, pp. 894–895; Black, Robert E., et al., ‘Maternal and Child Undernutrition: Global and regionalexposures and health consequences, The Lancet,vol. 371, no. 9608, 19 January 2008, pp. 245–248.

5 World Bank, Education and Development, WorldBank, Washington, D.C., 2002, p. 20.

6 United Nations, Universal Declaration of HumanRights, Article 26, UN, New York, 1948; UnitedNations, Convention on the Rights of the Child,Article 28, UN, New York, 1989.

7 United Nations Children’s Fund, Progress forChildren: A World Fit for Children StatisticalReview, Number 6, UNICEF, New York, December2007, pp. 16, 35.

8 Lloyd, Cynthia B., ‘Schooling and AdolescentReproductive Behavior in Developing Countries’,background paper to Public Choices, PrivateDecisions: Sexual and Reproductive Health and the Millennium Development Goals, UnitedNations Millennium Project, New York, 2006.

9 Rowbottom, Sara, Giving Girls Today andTomorrow: Breaking the cycle of adolescentpregnancy, United Nations Population Fund, NewYork, 2007, p. 2.

10 Ibid., p. 5.

11 United Nations Population Fund, The State of theWorld’s Population 2005: The promise of equality,gender equity, reproductive health and themillennium development goals, UNFPA, New York,2005, pp. 34–38.

12 Ibid.

13 World Bank, Education and Development, WorldBank, Washington D.C., 2002, p. 5.

14 United Nations Children’s Fund, Progress forChildren: A World Fit for Children StatisticalReview, Number 6, UNICEF, New York, December2007, p. 45.

15 Derived from Statistical Table 9, pp. 150.

16 International Planned Parenthood Federation andthe Forum on Marriage and the Rights of Womenand Girls, Ending Child Marriage: A guide for globalpolicy action, IPPF, London, September 2006, pp.7, 11, 15.

17 United Nations Children’s Fund, Progress forChildren: A World Fit for Children StatisticalReview, Number 6, UNICEF, New York, 2007, p. 44.

18 World Health Organization, Female genitalmutilation and obstetric outcome: WHOcollaborative prospective study in six Africancountries, WHO, Geneva, 2006, p. 6.

19 World Health Organization, Eliminating FemaleGenital Mutilation: An interagency statement –OHCHR, UNAIDS, UNDP, UNECA, UNESCO,UNFPA, UNHCR, UNICEF, UNIFEM, WHO, WHO,Geneva, 2008, p. 11.

20 TOSTAN, 2006 Annual Report, pp. 12–16.

21 World Health Organization, summary report, WHOMulti-country Study on Women’s Health andDomestic Violence against Women: Initial resultson prevalence, health outcomes and women’sresponses, WHO, Geneva, 2005, p. 22.

22 Ganatra, B.R., K.J. Coyaji and V.N. Rao, ‘ Too far,too little, too late: A community-based case-controlstudy of maternal mortality in rural westMaharashtra, India’, Bulletin of the World HealthOrganization, vol. 76, no. 6, 1998, pp. 591–598.

23 Vlachova, Marie, and Lea Biason, Women in anInsecure World: Violence against women – Facts,figures and analysis, Geneva Centre for theDemocratic Control of Armed Forces, Geneva,2005, pp. 15–16.

24 United Nations Children’s Fund, Progress forChildren: A report card on maternal mortality,Number 7, UNICEF, New York, September 2008, p. 12; and United Nations, In-depth Study on AllForms of Violence against Women: Report of theSecretary-General, UN, New York, 2006, p. 49.

25 Leung W.C., et al., ‘Pregnancy outcome followingdomestic violence in a Chinese community’,International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics,vol. 72, no. 1, January 2001, pp. 79–80; andValladares, Eliette M., et al., ‘Physical PartnerAbuse During Pregnancy: A risk factor for low birthweight in Nicaragua’, Obstetrics & Gynecology,vol. 100, no. 4, October 2002, pp. 700–705.

26 United Nations, In-depth Study on All Forms ofViolence against Women: Report of the Secretary-General, UN, New York, 2006, p. 49.

27 Campbell, Jacquelyn C., ‘Health consequences ofintimate partner violence’, The Lancet, vol. 359,no. 9314, April 2002, pp. 1331–1336.

28 Åsling-Monemi, Kajsa, et al., ‘Violence againstWomen Increases the Risk of Infant and ChildMortality: A case-referent study from Nicaragua’,Bulletin of the World Health Organization, vol. 81,no. 1, 2003, pp. 10–16.

29 United Nations Children’s Fund, The State of theWorld’s Children 2007, UNICEF, New York, 2006,pp. 17–18.

30 Ibid, pp. 23–28.

31 Desai, Sonalde, and Kiersten Johnson, ‘Women’sDecisionmaking and Child Health: Familial andsocial hierarchies‘, in Sunitor Kishor, ed., A Focuson Gender: Collected papers on gender using DHSdata, ORC Macro and Measure DHS, Maryland,USA, 2005, p. 66.

32 Smith, Lisa C., et al., The Importance of Women’sStatus for Child Nutrition in Developing Countries,research report 131, International Food PolicyResearch Institute, Washington, D.C., 2003, pp. xi–xii, 8–14.

33 Quisumbing, Agnes R., ed., Household Decisions,Gender, and Development: A synthesis of recent

108 w e k¦ w k ï c w i w ¯’ w Z 2 0 0 9

research, Johns Hopkins University Press forInternational Food Policy Research Institute,Washington, D.C., 2004, p. 118.

34 Data drawn from the Inter-Parliamentary Uniondatabase on ‘Women in National Parliaments’,<www.ipu.org/wmn-e/world.htm>, accessed July2008.

35 Data drawn from United Cities and LocalGovernments database on women in local decisionmaking, <www.cities-localgovernments.org/uclg/index.asp?pag=wldmstatistics.asp&type=&L=EN&pon=1>, accessed July 2008.

36 United Nations Development Fund for Women,Progress of Arab Women 2004, UNIFEM ArabStates Regional Office, Amman, 2004, p. 62.

37 United Nations Children’s Fund, ‘NationalSituational Analysis of Children and Women’,UNICEF Mozambique, 2006; United NationsDevelopment Fund for Women, Progress of ArabWomen 2004, UNIFEM Arab States RegionalOffice, Amman, p. 62.

38 Cowan, Carolyn Pape, et al., ‘Encouraging strongrelationships between fathers and children’,Working Strategies, vol. 8, no. 4, Summer 2005, p. 2.

CHAPTER 2 PANELSPrimary health care: 30 years since Alma-AtaChan, Margaret, ‘Address to the 61st World Health Assembly’, WHO, Geneva, 19 May 2008;International Declaration of Alma-Ata, 1978; UnitedNations, ‘Resolutions adopted by the GeneralAssembly during its Sixth Special Session’, 9April–2 May 1974, Supplement No. 1 (A/9559), pp. 3–5; Thieren, Michel, ‘Background paper on the concept of universal access’, prepared for the Technical Meeting for the Development of a Framework for Universal Access to HIV/AIDSPrevention, Treatment and Care in the HealthSector’, WHO, Geneva, 18–20 October 2005;Haines, Andy, Richard Horton and Zulfiqar Bhutta,‘Primary Health Care Comes of Age: Lookingforward to the 30th anniversary of Alma-Ata – A callfor papers,’ The Lancet, vol. 370, no. 9591, 15September 2007, pp. 911–913.

Addressing the health worker shortage: A critical action for improving maternal and newborn healthWorld Health Organization, World Health Report2006: Working together for health, WHO, Geneva,2006, pp. 8–12, 24, 99–101; Koblinsky, Marge, et al.,‘Going to scale with professional skilled care’, TheLancet, vol. 368, no. 9544, pp. 1377–1386; Tawfik,Linda, ‘The impact of HIV/AIDS on the healthworkforce in developing countries’, background paperfor the World Health Report 2006: Working togetherfor health, WHO, Geneva, 2006, p. 8; Physicians forHuman Rights, An Action Plan to Prevent Brain Drain:Building Equitable Health Systems in Africa, PHR,Boston, 2004; Shisana, Olive, et al., ‘HIV/AIDSPrevalence Among South African Health Workers’,South African Medical Journal, vol. 94, no. 10, 2004,pp. 846–850, cited in Freedman, Lynn P., et al., ChildHealth and Maternal Health: Who’s Got the Power?Transforming health systems for women andchildren, Task Force on Child Health and MaternalHealth, UN Millennium Project, UNDP, 2005, p. 122.

Towards greater equity in health for mothers andnewbornsGwatkin, Davidson R., et al., Socio-EconomicDifferences in Health, Nutrition, and Populationwithin Developing Countries: An overview, Health,Nutrition and Population, World Bank, Washington,D.C., September 2007, pp. 123–124; Fotso, Jean-Christophe, ‘Child Health Inequities in DevelopingCountries: Differences across urban and ruralareas’, International Journal for Equity in Health,vol. 5, no. 9, 2006; Countdown 2008 EquityAnalysis Group et al., ‘Mind the Gap: Equity andtrends in coverage of maternal, newborn and childhealth services in 54 Countdown countries’, TheLancet, vol. 371, no. 9620, 12 April 2008, pp.1259–1269; Victora, Cesar G., et al., ‘ExplainingTrends in Inequities: Evidence from Brazilian childhealth studies’, The Lancet, vol. 356, no. 9235, pp.1093–1098; Kerber, Kate J., ‘The Continuum ofCare for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health:Coverage, co-coverage and equity analysis fromDemographic and Health Surveys’, Faculty ofHealth Sciences, University of Cape Town (unpublished), 2007, pp. 16, 23–40.

Adapting maternity services to the cultures ofrural PeruCountdown Coverage Writing Group et al.,‘Countdown to 2015 for Maternal, Newborn andChild Survival: The 2008 report on tracking coverageof interventions’, The Lancet, vol. 371, no. 9620, 12 April 2008, pp. 1254–1255; World HealthOrganization, Maternal Mortality in 2005: Estimatesdeveloped by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA and the WorldBank, WHO, Geneva, 2007, p. 26; Pan AmericanHealth Organization, Gender, Health andDevelopment in the Americas 2003, PAHO andPopulation Reference Bureau, 2003; and informationsupplied by UNICEF Peru.

Southern Sudan: After the peace, a new battleagainst maternal mortalityCentral Bureau of Statistics and Southern SudanCommission for Census, Statistics and Evaluation,Sudan Household Health Survey 2006, CBS andSSCCSE, Khartoum, pp. 43, 161, 164, 178; UnitedNations Population Fund Sudan Country Office,Annual Report 2006, UNFPA Sudan, pp. 3–4; andinformation provided by UNICEF Sudan.

CHAPTER 3 1 Kerber, Kate J., et al., ‘Continuum of Care for

Maternal, Newborn and Child Health: From sloganto service delivery’, The Lancet, vol. 370, no. 9595,13 October 2007, pp. 1358–1369.

2 Glasier, Anna, et al., ‘Sexual and ReproductiveHealth: A matter of life and death,’ The Lancet,vol. 368, no. 9547, 4 November 2006, p. 1602.

3 Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS,Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic 2008,UNAIDS, Geneva, 2008, p. 33.

4 World Health Organization, Reproductive HealthStrategy to Accelerate Progress towards theAttainment of International Development Goalsand Targets, WHO, Geneva, 2004, pp. 26–30.

5 Black, Robert E., et al., ‘Maternal and ChildUndernutrition: Global and regional exposures andhealth consequences’, The Lancet, vol. 371, no.9608, 19 January 2008, p. 244.

6 Ibid., p. 249.

7 Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS,Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic 2008,UNAIDS, Geneva, 2008, p. 30.

8 Briand, Valérie, et al., ‘Intermittent preventivetreatment for the prevention of malaria duringpregnancy in high transmission areas’, MalariaJournal, vol. 6, no. 1, 2007, p. 160.

9 World Health Organization and United NationsChildren’s Fund, Antenatal Care in DevelopingCountries: Promises, achievements and missedopportunities – An analysis of trends, levels anddifferentials, 1990–2001, WHO, Geneva, 2003, p. 2.

10 United Nations Children’s Fund, Progress forChildren: A report card on maternal mortality,Number 7, UNICEF, New York, September 2008, p. 44.

11 World Health Organization, World Health Report2005: Make every mother and child count, WHO,Geneva, 2005, pp.10, 62.


13 Paul, Vinod K., ‘Meeting MDG 5: Good news fromIndia,’ The Lancet, vol. 369, no. 9561, 17 February2007, p. 558; Chatterjee, Patralekha, ‘Indiaaddresses maternal deaths in rural areas’, TheLancet, vol. 370, no. 9592, 22 September 2007,pp. 1023–1024.


15 World Health Organization, Postpartum care of themother and newborn: A practical guide, WHO,Geneva, 1998, p. 17.

16 United Nations Children’s Fund, Progress forChildren: A report card on maternal mortality,Number 7, UNICEF, New York, September 2008,pp. 11, 44.

17 Olsen, Øystein Evjen, Sidney Ndeki and OleFrithjof Norheim, ‘Availability, distribution and useof emergency obstetric care in northern Tanzania’,Health Policy and Planning, vol. 20, no. 3, 2005,pp. 171–173.

18 World Health Organization, Postpartum care of themother and newborn: A practical guide, WHO,Geneva, 1998, p. 2; World Health Organization,World Health Report 2005: Make every motherand child count, WHO, Geneva, 2005, pp. 62,73–74.

19 Kerber, Kate J., et al., ‘Continuum of Care forMaternal, Newborn and Child Health: From sloganto service delivery’, The Lancet, vol. 370, no. 9595,13 October 2007, p. 1366.

20 World Health Organization, World Health Report2005: Make every mother and child count, WHO,Geneva, 2005, pp. 73–74.

21 Prince, Martin, et al., ‘No health without mentalhealth’, The Lancet, vol. 370, no. 9595, 8September 2007, pp. 867–8.

†idv‡iÝ 109

22 Knippenberg, R., et al., ‘Systematic scaling up ofneonatal care in countries’, The Lancet, vol. 365,no. 9464, 19 March 2005, pp. 1088–1089;Countdown Coverage Writing Group et al.,‘Countdown to 2015 for Maternal, Newborn andChild Survival: The 2008 report on trackingcoverage of interventions, The Lancet, vol. 371,no. 9620, 12 April 2008, p. 1256.

23 Derived from Statistical Table 8, page 149.

24 Declaration of Alma-Ata, articles 6–8, InternationalConference on Primary Health Care, Alma-Ata,USSR, 1978; Haines, Andy, et al., ‘Achieving ChildSurvival Goals: Potential contribution of communityhealth workers’, The Lancet, vol. 369, no. 9579, 23June 2007, p. 2121.

25 Haines, Andy, et al., ‘Achieving child survival goals:Potential contribution of community healthworkers’, The Lancet; vol. 369, no. 9579, 23 June2007, p. 2123.

26 Freedman, Lynn P., et al., Child Health andMaternal Health: Who’s got the power?Transforming health systems for women andchildren, Task Force on Child Health and MaternalHealth, UN Millennium Project, UNDP, 2005, p. 65.


28 Lawn, Joy, and Kate Kerber, eds., Opportunitiesfor Africa’s Newborns: Practical data, policy andprogrammatic support for newborn care in Africa,Partnership for Maternal, Newborn and ChildHealth, Cape Town, 2006, p. 32.


30 Ibid.

31 Lawn, Joy, and Kate Kerber, eds., Opportunitiesfor Africa’s Newborns: Practical data, policy andprogrammatic support for newborn care in Africa,Partnership for Maternal, Newborn and ChildHealth, Cape Town, 2006, p. 33.

32 Bartlett, Linda A., et al., ‘Where Giving Birth Is aForecast of Death: Maternal mortality in fourdistricts of Afghanistan, 1999–2002’, The Lancet,vol. 365, no. 9462, 5 March 2005; pp. 864–870.

33 Paxton, A., et al., ‘Global patterns in availability ofemergency obstetric care’, International Journal ofGynecology & Obstetrics, vol. 93, no. 3, 2006, pp. 300–307.

CHAPTER 3 PANELSEliminating maternal and neonatal tetanusWorld Health Organization, Weekly epidemiologicalrecord, WHO, Geneva: nos. 20, 19 May 2006, pp.198–208; 81, 31 March 2006, pp. 120–127; 44, 30October 1987, pp. 332–335; 82, 29 June 2007, pp.237–242; and 34, 22 August 2008, pp. 301–307;Roper, Martha H., Jos H. Vandelaer and François L.Gasse, ‘Maternal and neonatal tetanus’, The Lancet,vol. 370, no. 9603, 8 December 2007, pp.1947–1959.

Hypertensive disorders; Common yet complexKhan, Khalid S., et al., ‘WHO Analysis of Causes of Maternal Death: A systematic review’, TheLancet, vol. 367, no. 9516, 1 April 2006, p. 1073;Podymow, Tiina, and Phyllis August, ‘Hypertensionin pregnancy’, Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease,vol. 14, no. 2 , April 2007, pp. 178–179, 181;Hofmeyr, G.J., A.N. Attalah and L. Duley, ‘Calciumsupplementation during pregnancy for preventinghypertensive disorders and related problems’,Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006,vol. 3, article no. CD001059; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., etal., ‘What works? Interventions for maternal andchild undernutrition and survival’, The Lancet, vol.371, no. 9610, 2 February 2008, p. 431; Dolea,Carmen, and Carla AbouZahr, ‘Global burden ofhypertensive disorders of pregnancy in the year2000’, Global Burden of Disease 2000, WorldHealth Organization, Geneva, 2003.

The first 28 days of life Lawn, Joy E., Simon Cousens and Jelka Zupan, ‘4 million neonatal deaths: When? Where? Why?’,The Lancet, vol. 365, no. 9462, 5 March 2005, pp.891–900; Lawn, Joy E., Kenji Shibuya and ClaudiaStein, ‘No Cry at Birth: Global estimates ofintrapartum stillbirths and intrapartum-relatedneonatal deaths’, Bulletin of the World HealthOrganization, vol. 83, no. 6, June 2005, pp.409–17; Bang, Abhay T., et al., ‘Effect of Home-based Neonatal Care and Management of Sepsison Neonatal Mortality: Field trial in rural India,’ TheLancet, vol. 354, no. 9194, 4 December 1999, pp.1955–1961; Baqui, Abdullah H., et al., ‘Effect ofCommunity-based Newborn-care InterventionPackage Implemented through Two Service-delivery Strategies in Sylhet District, Bangladesh:A cluster-randomized controlled trial’, The Lancet ,vol. 371, no. 9628, 7 June 2008, pp. 1936–1944;Manandhar, D.S., et al., ‘Effect of a ParticipatoryIntervention with Women’s Groups on BirthOutcomes in Nepal: Cluster-randomized controlledtrial, The Lancet, vol. 364, no. 9438, 11 September 2004, pp. 970–979; Kumar, V., et al., ‘Effect of Community-basedBehaviour Change Management on NeonatalMortality in Shivgarh, Uttar Pradesh, India: A cluster-randomized controlled trial’, The Lancet,vol. 372, no. 9644, 27 September 2008, pp.1151–1162; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., et al.,‘Implementing Community-based Perinatal Care:Results from a pilot study in rural Pakistan, Bulletinof the World Health Organization, vol. 86, no. 6,June 2008, pp. 452–459; Kerber, Kate J., et al.,‘Continuum of Care for Maternal, Newborn andChild Health: From slogan to service delivery’, TheLancet, vol. 370, no. 9595, 13 October 2007, pp.1358–1369; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., et al.,‘Interventions to Address Maternal, Newborn andChild Survival: What difference can integratedprimary health care strategies make?’, The Lancet,vol. 372, no. 9642, 13 September 2008, pp.972–989; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., et al., ‘Community-based Interventions for Improving Perinatal andNeonatal Health Outcomes in DevelopingCountries: A review of the evidence’, Pediatrics,vol. 115, no. 2, February 2005, pp. 519–617; Haws,Rachel A., et al., ‘Impact of Packaged Interventionson Neonatal Health: A review of the evidence’,Health Policy and Planning, vol. 22, no. 4, 25 May2007, pp. 193–215.

Midwifery in AfghanistanWorld Health Organization, United Nations Children’sFund, United Nations Population Fund and the WorldBank, Maternal Mortality in 2005: Estimatesdeveloped by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA and The WorldBank, WHO, Geneva, 2007, p. 23; United NationsChildren’s Fund, Progress for Children: A report cardon maternal mortality, Number 7, UNICEF, New York,September 2008, pp. 10, 43; UNICEF Regional Officefor South Asia, Maternal and Neonatal Health Reviewin South Asia Region, 25 June 2008, pp. 67–68;Currie, Sheena, Pashtoon Azfar and Rebecca C.Fowler, ‘A bold new beginning for midwifery inAfghanistan’, Midwifery, vol. 23, no. 3, September2007, pp. 226–234; Afghan Ministry of Public Health,Maternal Mortality in Afghanistan: Magnitude,causes, risk factors and preventability, AfghanMinistry of Public Health, Centers for Disease Control andPrevention and UNICEF, 6 November 2002, p. 4; and information supplied by UNICEF Afghanistan.

Kangaroo mother care in GhanaWhitelaw, A., and K. Sleath, ‘Myth of the MarsupialMother: Home care of very low birthweight babies in Bogota, Colombia’, The Lancet, vol. 1, no. 8439,25 May 1985, pp. 1206–1208; Pattinson, Robert C.,et al., ‘Implementation of Kangaroo Mother Care: Arandomized trial of two outreach strategies’, ActaPaediatrica, vol. 94, no. 7, 2005, pp. 924–927; Bergh,A.-M., and Robert C. Pattinson, ‘Development of aConceptual Tool for the Implementation of KangarooMother Care’, Acta Paediatrica, vol. 92, no. 6, pp. 709–714; and information supplied by UNICEF Ghana.

HIV/malaria co-infection in pregnancyDesai, Meghna, et al., ‘Epidemiology and Burden of Malaria in Pregnancy’, The Lancet InfectiousDiseases, vol. 7, no. 2, February 2007, pp. 93–104;Ter Kuile, F.O., et al., ‘The Burden of Co-infectionwith HIV Type I and Malaria in Pregnant Women inSub-Saharan Africa’, American Journal of TropicalMedicine and Hygiene, vol. 71, supplement 2, 2004,pp. 41–54; World Health Organization, ‘Malaria andHIV Interactions and their Implications for PublicHealth Policy’, WHO, Geneva, 2005, pp. 10–11;United Nations Children Fund, ‘Malaria and HIVFactsheet’, UNICEF Technical Note no. 6, February2003, p. 2; World Health Organization, ‘TechnicalExpert Group Meeting on Intermittent PreventiveTreatment in pregnancy (IPTp)’, Geneva, 2008, p. 4;World Health Organization, ‘Assessment of theSafety of Artemisinin Compounds in Pregnancy’,Geneva, 2003, p. 2.

The challenges faced by adolescent girls inLiberia.Information supplied by UNICEF Liberia.

CHAPTER 4 1 Hill, K., et al., ‘Interim Measures for Meeting

Needs for Health Sector Data: Births, deaths andcauses of death’, The Lancet, vol. 370, no. 9600,17 November 2007, pp. 1726–1735.

2 World Health Organization, Beyond the Numbers:Reviewing maternal deaths and complications tomake pregnancy safer, WHO, Geneva, 2004, pp. 1–2.

110 w e k¦ w k ï c w i w ¯’ w Z 2 0 0 9

3 Measure Evaluation, ‘Measuring MaternalMortality from a Census: Guidelines for potentialusers’,<www.cpc.unc.edu/measure/publications>,accessed 30 September 2008; World HealthOrganization, Verbal Autopsy: Ascertaining andattributing causes of death, WHO, Geneva, 2007,p. 6.

4 Setel, P.W., et al., ‘Sample Registration of VitalEvents with Verbal Autopsy: A renewedcommitment to measuring and monitoring vitalstatistics, Bulletin of the World HealthOrganization, vol. 83, no. 8, 2005, pp. 611–617;Measure Evaluation, ‘Sample Registration of VitalEvents with Verbal Autopsy’,<www.cpc.unc.edu/measure/tools/monitoring-evaluation-systems/savvy>, accessed 30September 2008.

5 World Health Organization, Beyond the Numbers:Reviewing maternal deaths and complications tomake pregnancy safer, WHO, Geneva, 2004, pp.106–107.

6 US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,‘Updated Guidelines for Evaluating Public HealthSurveillance Systems’, Morbidity and MortalityWeekly Report – Recommendations and Reports,vol. 50, no. RR13, CDC, Washington, D.C., 27 July2001, pp. 1–35.

7 United Nations Children’s Fund, World HealthOrganization and United Nations Population Fund,Guidelines for Monitoring the Availability and Useof Obstetric Services, UNICEF, August 1997;Averting Maternal Death and Disability Program,Averting Maternal Death and Disability ProgramReport, 1999–2005, Mailman School of PublicHealth, Columbia University, New York, October2006, pp. 2–4.

8 World Health Organization, Beyond the Numbers:Reviewing maternal deaths and complications tomake pregnancy safer, WHO, Geneva, 2004, p. 4.

9 Granja, A.C., F. Machungo and S. Bergstrom,‘Avoidability of Maternal Death in Mozambique:Audit and retrospective risk assessment in 106consecutive cases’, African Journal of HealthSciences, vol. 7, no. 3–4, July–December 2000,pp. 83–7.

10 Blouse, A., P. Gomez and B. Kinzie, SiteAssessment and Strengthening for Maternal and Newborn Health Programmes, JHPIEGO,Baltimore, 2004, pp. 1–42; EngenderHealth, COPEfor Maternal Health Services: A process and toolsfor improving the quality of maternal healthservices, New York, 2001.

11 Byass, Peter, et al., ‘Direct Data Capture UsingHand-held Computers in Rural Burkina Faso:Experienes, benefits and lessons learnt, TropicalMedicine and International Health, vol. 13, specialissue 1, July 2008, p. 29.

12 World Health Organization, World Health Report2006: Working together for health, WHO, Geneva,2006, p. 12.

13 World Health Organization, World Health Report2005: Make every mother and child count, WHO,Geneva, 2005, p. 96.

14 United Nations Population Fund, Investing inPeople: National progress in implementing theICPD Programme of Action 1994–2004, UNFPA,New York, 2004, p. 45; World Health Organization,International Confederation of Midwives, andInternational Federation of Gynecology andObstetrics, Making Pregnancy Safer: The criticalrole of the skilled attendant – A joint statement byWHO, ICM and FIGO, WHO, Geneva, 2004, p. 1;World Health Organization, Department ofReproductive Health and Research, ‘Proportion ofBirths Attended by Skilled Health Workers’, 2008updates, WHO, Geneva, p. 3.

15 United Nations Children’s Fund and World HealthOrganization, Management of Sick Children byCommunity Health Workers, UNICEF/WHO, New York, January 2006, p. 7.

16 Ibid.

17 Derived from United Nations Children’s Fund, TheState of the World’s Children 2008: Child survival,UNICEF, New York, January 2008, p. 77.

18 UNICEF Regional Office for South Asia, Maternaland Neonatal Health Review in the South AsiaRegion, 25 June 2008, p. 152.

19 Dambisya, Ysowa, ‘A Review of Non-financialIncentives for Health Worker Retention in Easternand Southern Africa’, Regional Network for Equityin Health in East and Southern Africa, DiscussionPaper no. 44, May 2007, p. 49.

20 Lawn, Joy E., and Kate J. Kerber, eds.,Opportunities for Africa’s Newborns: Practicaldata, policy and programmatic support fornewborn care in Africa, Partnership for Maternal,Newborn and Child Health, Cape Town, 2006, p.73.

21 Vivar, Susana Camacho, ‘Ecuador AddressesCultural Issues for Pregnant Women’, The Lancet,vol. 370, no. 9595, 13 October 2007, p. 1302.

22 Lawoyin, Taiwo, O, O.C Olushevi, and David A.Adewole, ‘Men’s Perception of Maternal Mortalityin Nigeria’, Journal of Public Health Policy, vol. 28,no. 3, 2007, pp. 299–318.

23 Lawn, Joy E., and Kate J. Kerber, eds.,Opportunities for Africa’s Newborns: Practicaldata, policy and programmatic support fornewborn care in Africa, Partnership for Maternal,Newborn and Child Health, Cape Town, 2006, p.87.

24 Bryce, Jennifer, and J.H. Requejo, TrackingProgress in Maternal, Newborn & Child Survival:The 2008 report, Countdown to 2015, UnitedNations Children’s Fund, New York, 2008, p. 44.

25 Data prepared by the Health Policies and SystemsDevelopment Unit, Health Systems StrengtheningArea, Pan American Health Organization.

26 United Nations Economic and Social Commission,United Nations Economic Commission for Africa,African Union Commission, ‘Meeting Africa’s NewDevelopment Challenges in the 21st Century:Issues paper’, Addis Ababa, 21 March 2008, p. 13.

27 Borghi, J.O., et al., ‘Mobilizing Financial Resourcesfor Maternal Health’, The Lancet, vol. 368, no. 21,October 2006, pp. 1457–1465.

28 Witter, Sophie, et al., ‘The Experience of Ghana inImplementing a User Fee Exemption Policy toProvide Free Delivery Care’, Reproductive HealthMatters, vol. 15, no. 30, 2007, pp. 61–71; Borghi,J.O., et al., ‘Mobilizing Financial Resources forHealth’, The Lancet, vol. 368, no. 21, October2006, pp. 1457–1465.

29 Gilson, Lucy, and Di McIntyre, ‘Removing Fees forPrimary Care in Africa: The need for careful action’,British Medical Journal, vol. 331, 2005, pp. 331,762–765.

30 Borghi, J.O., et al., ‘Mobilizing Financial Resourcesfor Health’, The Lancet, vol. 368, no. 21, October2006, pp. 1457–1465; Deininger, K., and P.Mpuga, Economic and Welfare Effects of theAbolition of Health User Fees: Evidence fromUganda, World Bank policy research working paperno. 3276, Washington, D.C., 2004; Nabyonga, J.,et al., ‘Abolition of Cost-sharing Is Pro-poor:Evidence from Uganda’, Health Policy Plan, vol.20, pp. 100–108.

31 Borghi, J.O., et al., ‘Mobilizing Financial Resourcesfor Health’, The Lancet, vol. 368, no. 21, October2006, pp. 1457–1465; Gilson, Lucy, and DiMcIntyre, ‘Removing User Fees for Primary Carein Africa: The need for careful action’, BritishMedical Journal, vol. 331, 1 October 2005, pp.762–765.

32 Gilson, Lucy, and Di McIntyre, ‘Removing UserFees for Primary Care in Africa: The need forcareful action, British Medical Journal, vol. 331, 1October 2005, pp. 762–765.

33 Dmytraczenko, T., et al., Evaluacion del SeguroNacional de Maternidad y Ninez en Bolivia,Partnerships for Health Reform, Abt Associates,Bethesda, Maryland, 1998; Borghi, J.O., et al.,‘Mobilizing Financial Resources for MaternalHealth’, The Lancet, vol. 368, no. 9545, 21October 2006, pp. 1457–1465.

34 Schneider, P., et al., Utilization, Cost and Financingof District Health Services in Rwanda, Partnershipsfor Health Reform, Abt Associates, Bethesda,Maryland, March 2001; Fox-Rushby, J.A., ‘Cost-effectiveness Analysis of a Mobile Maternal HealthCare Service in West Kiang, The Gambia’, WorldHealth Stat Quarterly, vol. 48, no. 1, 1995; pp.23–27.

35 Richard, F., et al., ‘Reducing Financial Barriers toEmergency Obstetric Care: Experience of cost-sharing mechanism in a district hospital in BurkinaFaso’, Tropical Medicine and International Health,vol. 12, no. 8, August 2007, pp. 972–981.

36 Gertler, P., and S. Boyce, An Experiment inIncentive-based Welfare: The impact of Progresaon health in Mexico, University of California,Berkeley, 2001; Morris, S.S., et al., ‘MonetaryIncentives in Primary Health Care and Effects onUse and Coverage of Preventive Health CareInterventions in Rural Honduras: A clusterrandomized trial, The Lancet, vol. 364, no. 9450, 4December 2004; pp. 30–37.

37 Peters, David H., Gita G. Mirchandani and Peter M. Hansen, ‘Strategies for Engaging the PrivateSector in Sexual and Reproductive Health: Howeffective are they?’, Health Policy and Planning,vol. 19, supplement 1, pp. 5–21.

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38 Bhatia, Jagdish, and John Cleland, ‘Health Care of Female Outpatients in South-central India:Comparing public and private sector provision’,Health Policy and Planning, vol. 19, no. 6, pp.402–409; Barber, Sarah L., ‘Public and PrivatePrenatal Care Providers in Urban Mexico: Howdoes their quality compare?’, International Journalfor Quality in Health Care, 4 May 2006, pp. 1–8;Barber, SL, PJ Gertler, and P Hasrimurti,‘Differences in access to high-quality outpatientcare in Indonesia’, Health Affairs, vol 26, no 3May–June 2007, pp 352-366.

39 World Health Organization, World Health Statistics2008, WHO, Geneva, 2008, pp. 82–83.

40 Mbonye, A.K., et al., ‘Declining Maternal MortalityRatio in Uganda: Priority interventions to achievethe MDG, International Journal of Gynecology andObstetrics, vol. 98, no. 3, September 2007, p. 287.

41 World Health Organization, International PlannedParenthood Foundation, John Snow, Inc., PATH,Population Services International, United NationsPopulation Fund, World Bank, The Interagency Listof Essential Medicines for Reproductive Health,WHO, Geneva, 2006.

42 Barker, Carol, et al., ‘Support to the SafeMotherhood Programme in Nepal: An integratedapproach’, Reproductive Health Matters, vol. 15,no. 30, November 2007, p. 5.

43 Pan American Health Organization, NeonatalHealth in the Context of Maternal, Newborn andChild Health for the Attainment of the MillenniumDevelopment Goals of the UN MillenniumDeclaration, PAHO, Washington D.C., 2006, p. 19.

43 Ganatra, B.R., K.J. Coyaji and V.N. Rao, ‘Too Far,Too Little, Too Late: A community-based, case-control study of maternal mortality in rural westMaharashtra, India’, Bulletin of the World HealthOrganization, 1988, vol. 76, no. 6, pp. 591–598;George, Asha, ‘Persistence of High MaternalMortality in Koppal District, Karnataka, India:Observed service delivery constraints’,Reproductive Health Matters, vol. 15, no. 30,2007, pp. 91–102; Murray, Susan F., and StephenC. Pearson, ‘Maternity Referral Systems inDeveloping Countries: Current knowledge andfuture research needs’, Social Science andMedicine, vol. 62, 2006, pp. 2205–2215.

44 Pittrof, Rudiger, Oona Campbell and VeroniqueFilippi, ‘What Is Quality in Maternity Care? Aninternational perspective’, Acta Obstetricia etGynecologica Scandinavica, vol. 81, no. 4, April2002, p. 278.

45 Delvaux, Therese, et al., ‘Quality of Antenatal and Delivery Care Before and After theImplementation of a Prevention of Mother-to-childHIV Transmission Programme in Cote d’Ivoire’,Tropical Medicine and International Health, vol.13,no. 8, August 2008, p. 974.

46 Kayongo, M., et al., ‘Strengthening EmergencyObstetric Care in Ayacucho, Peru’, InternationalJournal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, vol. 92 ,no. 3, March 2006, pp. 299–307; Otchere, S.A.,and H.T. Binh, ‘Strengthening EmergencyObstetrics in Thanh Hoah and Quang Tri provincesin Vietnam’, International Journal of Gynaecologyand Obstetrics, vol. 99, no. 3, September 2007,

pp. 165–172; Otchere, S.A., and A. Kayo, ‘TheChallenges of Improving Emergency ObstetricCare in Two Rural Districts in Mali’, InternationalJournal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, vol. 99,August 2007, pp. 173–182.

47 Thomas, Lena Susan, et al., ‘Making Systems Work:The hard part of improving maternal health servicesin South Africa’, Reproductive Health Matters, vol.15, no. 30, September 2007, pp. 45–48.

CHAPTER 4 PANELSUsing critical link methodology in health-care systems to prevent maternal deathsNúñez Urquiza, Rosa María, et al., ‘Más Allá de lasCifras: Detección de eslabones críticos en losprocesos de atención para prevenir muertesmaternas’, Género y Salud en Cifras, vol. 3, nos. 2/3,May–December 2005, pp. 5–15.

New directions in maternal healthStarrs, Ann M., ‘Delivering for Women’, The Lancet,vol. 370, no. 9595, 13 October 2007, p. 1285; WorldHealth Organization, United Nations Children’s Fund,United Nations Population Fund and World Bank,Maternal Mortality in 2005: Estimates developed byWHO, UNICEF, UNFPA and the World Bank, WHO,Geneva, 2005; World Health Organization, WorldHealth Report 2005: Make every mother and childcount, WHO, Geneva, 2005; Braveman, Paula, andEleuther Tarimo, ‘Social Inequalities in Health withinCountries: Not only an issue for affluent nations’,Social Science & Medicine, vol. 54, no. 11, 2002, pp.1621–1635; Marmot, Michael, ‘Social Determinantsof Health Inequalities’, The Lancet, vol. 365, no.9464, 19 March 2005, pp. 1099–1104; Hill, Kenneth,et al., ‘Estimates of Maternal Mortality Worldwidebetween 1990 and 2005: An assessment of availabledata’, Obstetric Anesthesia Digest, vol. 28, no. 2,June 2008, pp. 94–95; Bryce, Jennifer, and J. H.Requejo, Tracking Progress in Maternal, Newborn &Child Survival: The 2008 report, Countdown to 2015,United Nations Children’s Fund, New York, 2008;Sedgh, Gilda, et al., ‘Induced Abortion: Rates andtrends worldwide’, The Lancet, vol. 370, no 9595, 13 October 2007, pp. 1338–1345; Gülmezoglu, A.Metin, et al., ‘WHO Systematic Review of MaternalMortality and Morbidity: Methodological issues andchallenges’, BMC Medical Research Methodology,vol. 4, no. 16, 2004, p. 16; Filippi, V., et al., ‘Health ofWomen after Severe Obstetric Complications inBurkina Faso: A longitudinal study’, The Lancet, vol.370, no. 9595, 13 October 2007, pp. 1329–1337;Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., et al., ‘What Works? Interventionsfor maternal and child undernutrition and survival, TheLancet, vol. 371, no. 9610, 2 February 2008, pp.417–440; Shankar, A.H., et al., ‘Effect of MaternalMultiple Micronutrient Supplementation on FetalLoss and Infant Death in Indonesia: A double-blindcluster-randomized trial’, The Lancet, vol. 371, no.9608, 19 January 2008, pp. 215–227; Campbell,O.M., and W.J. Graham, ‘Strategies for ReducingMaternal Mortality: Getting on with what works’, The Lancet, vol. 368, no. 9543, 7 October 2006, pp. 1284–1299; Villar, J., et al., ‘World HealthOrganization randomized trial of calciumsupplementation among low calcium intake pregnantwomen’, American Journal of Obstetrics &Gynecology, vol. 193, no. 6S2, February 2006, pp.639–649; Altman, D., et al., ‘Do women with pre-

eclampsia, and their babies, benefit from magnesiumsulphate? The Magpie Trial: A randomized placebo-controlled trial’, The Lancet, vol. 359, no. 9321, 1June 2002, pp. 1877–1890; Althabe, Fernando, et al.,‘A behavioral intervention to improve obstetricalcare’, New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 358, no.18, 1 May 2008, pp. 1929–1940; Villar, J., et al.,‘WHO Antenatal Care Randomized Trial for theEvaluation of a New Model of Routine AntenatalCare’, The Lancet, vol. 357, no. 9268, 19 May 2001,pp. 1551–1564; United Nations Children’s Fund,Malaria & Children: Progress in interventioncoverage, UNICEF, New York, 2007; Kerber, Kate J.,et al., ‘Continuum of Care for Maternal, Newborn,and Child Health: From slogan to service delivery’,The Lancet, vol. 370; no. 9595, 13 October 2007, pp.1358–1369.

Strengthening the health system in the LaoPeople’s Democratic RepublicEconomist Intelligence Unit, Country Report Laos,January 2008, EIU, London, 2008, pp. 7, 12; UnitedNations Children’s Fund, The State of Asia-Pacific’sChildren 2008, UNICEF, New York, May 2008, p. 38;United Nations Population Fund, Maternal andNeonatal Health in East and Southeast Asia, UNFPA,New York, 18 May 2008, p. 1; Perks, Carol, MichaelJ. Toole and Khamla Phouthonsy, ‘District HealthProgrammes and Health-sector Reform: Case studyin the Lao People’s Democratic Republic’, Bulletin ofthe World Health Organization, vol. 84, no. 2,February 2006, p. 133–135; UNICEF Lao People’sDemocratic Republic, Annual Report 2007, pp.3–4, 9.

Saving mothers and newborn lives – the crucialfirst days after birthLawn, Joy E., Simon Cousens and Jelka Zupan, ‘4 Million Neonatal Deaths: When? where? why?’,The Lancet, vol. 365, no. 9462, 5 March 2005, pp.891–900; Baqui, A.H., et al., ‘Effect of Timing of FirstPostnatal Care Home Visit on Neonatal Mortality inBangladesh: An observational study’, 2008(unpublished); Darmstadt, G.L., et al., ‘Evidence-based, Cost-effective Interventions: How manynewborn babies can we save?’, The Lancet, vol. 365,no. 9463, 12 March 2005, pp. 977–988; Bhutta,Zulfiqar A., et al., ‘What Works? Interventions formaternal and child undernutrition and survival’, TheLancet, vol. 371, no. 9610, 2 February 2008, pp.417–440; Dearden, Kirk, et al., ‘The Impact of Mother-to-mother Support on Optimal Breast-feeding: Acontrolled community intervention trial in peri-urbanGuatemala City, Guatemala’, Pan American Journal ofPublic Health, vol. 12, no. 3, September 2002, pp.193–201; Kerber, Kate J., et al., ‘Continuum of Carefor Maternal, Newborn and Child Health: From sloganto service delivery’, The Lancet, vol. 370, no. 9595,13 October 2007, pp. 1358–1369; Bryce, J., et al.,‘Countdown to 2015 for Maternal, Newborn andChild Survival: The 2008 report on tracking coverageof interventions’, The Lancet, vol. 371, no. 9620, 12April 2008, pp. 1247–1258; Tinker, Anne, et al., ‘AContinuum of Care to Save Newborn Lives’, TheLancet, vol. 365, no. 9462, 5 March 2005, pp.822–825; Lawn, Joy E., and Kerber, Kate J., eds.,Opportunities for Africa’s Newborns: Practical data,policy and programmatic support for newborn care inAfrica, Partnership on Maternal, Newborn and Child Health, Cape Town, 2006, p.84; Peterson, S., et al., ‘Coping with Paediatric Referral: Ugandan parents’experience’, The Lancet, vol. 363, no. 9425, 12 June

112 w e k¦ w k ï c w i w ¯’ w Z 2 0 0 9

2004, pp. 1955–1956; Bang, A.T., et al., ‘Effect ofHome-based Neonatal Care and Management ofSepsis on Neonatal Mortality: Field trial in rural India, The Lancet, vol. 354, no. 9194, 4 December 1999,pp. 1955–1961; Baqui, Abdullah H., et al., ‘Effect of Community-based Newborn-care InterventionPackage Implemented through Two Service-delivery Strategies in Sylhet District, Bangladesh: A cluster-randomized controlled trial’, The Lancet, vol.371, no. 9628, 7 June 2008, pp. 1936–1944.

Burundi: Government commitment to maternaland child health care Economist Intelligence Unit, Country Report Burundi,May 2008, EIU, London, 2008; United NationsDevelopment Programme, Human DevelopmentReport 2007/2008: Fighting Climate Change – Humansolidarity in a divided world, UNDP, New York, 2007,p. 240; United Nations Children’s Fund, The State ofthe World’s Children 2008: Child survival, UNICEF,New York, January 2008, pp. 114, 118, 126, 142;Philips, Mit, et al., ‘Burundi: A population deprived ofbasic health care’, British Journal of General Practice,vol. 54, no. 505, 1 August 2004, p. 634; HumanRights Watch, ‘A High Price to Pay: Detention of poor patients in Burundian hospitals, Human RightsWatch, vol. 18, no. 8(A), September 2006, pp. 7, 21,27; United Nations Children’s Fund, Annual Report2007, UNICEF, New York, 2008, pp. 11, 25–26;International Health Partnership; Scaling-Up for BetterHealth (IHP+) Update, no. 1, WHO, 1 November2007, p. 1, , <www.who.int/healthsystems/ihp/en/index.html>, accessed 30 July 2008.

Integrating maternal and newborn health care in IndiaUnited Nations Children’s Fund, The State of Asia-Pacific’s Children 2008, UNICEF, New York, May2008, pp. 20, 53; United Nations Children’s Fund,The State of the World’s Children 2008: Childsurvival, UNICEF, New York, January 2008, pp. 115,143; Maternal and Neonatal Health Review in theSouth Asian Region, 25 June 2008, pp. 16, 103;United Nations Children’s Fund, Annual Report 2007,UNICEF, New York, 2008, p. 4; Government of India,Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Janani SurakshaYojana: Guidelines for implementation, September2006, p. 5; Sharma, Ramakant, ‘Janani SurakshaYojana: A study of the implementation status inselected districts of Rajasthan’, Population ResearchCentre, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, 2007–2008;United Nations Population Fund, ‘Rapid Assessmentof Chiranjeevi Yojana in Gujarat 2006’, UNFPA India,pp. v, 23; Bhat, Ramesh, Dale Huntington and SunilMaheshwari, ‘Public-Private Partnerships: Managingcontracting arrangements to strengthen theReproductive and Child Health Programme in India –Lessons and implications from three case studies’,World Health Organization, 2007, p. 12–13; UNICEFIndia Country Office, ‘Assessment of ChiranjeeviPerformance’, February 2008, <http://gujhealth.gov.in/Chiranjeevi%20Yojana/M_index.htm>, accessedAugust 4, 2008.

CHAPTER 5 1 World Health Organization, ‘Progress in Global

Measles Control and Mortality Reduction,2000–2006’, Morbidity and Mortality WeeklyReport, vol. 82, no. 48, 30 November 2007, p. 422.

2 Joint United Nations Monitoring Programme onHIV/AIDS, United Nations Children’s Fund andWorld Health Organization, Towards UniversalAccess: Scaling up HIV services for women andchildren in the health sector – Progress Report2008, UNAIDS/UNICEF/WHO, pp. 88–89,98.

3 Overseas Development Institute, ‘Global Health:Making partnerships work’, Briefing paper no. 15,ODI, London, January 2007, p. 1

4 International Health Partnership, ‘Informal Meetingof Global Health Leaders’, Outcome Document,July 2007, <www.internationalhealthpartnership.net/ihp_plus_about_agencies.html>, accessed 30September 2008.

5 International Health Partnership,<http://www.internationalhealthpartnership.net>,accessed 15 September 2008.

6 High Level Forum on Aid Effectiveness, ‘ParisDeclaration on Aid Effectiveness: Ownership,harmonisation, alignment, results and mutualaccountability’, Paris, 28 February–2 March 2005;3rd High Level Forum on Aid Effectiveness, ‘AccraAgenda for Action’, Accra, 2–4 September 2008.

7 Canadian International Development Agency,Office of Economic Cooperation and Developmentand the World Bank, Building a New AidRelationship: The Paris Declaration on AidEffectiveness, 3rd High Level Forum on AidEffectiveness, Accra, 2–4 September 2008, p. 26.

8 Partnership for Maternal, Newborn and ChildHealth, ‘A Global Call for G8 Leaders and OtherDonors to Champion Maternal, Newborn and ChildHealth’, World Health Organization, Geneva, April2008, pp. 1–4.

9 Toyako Framework for Action on Global Health:Report of the G8 Health Experts Group, Tokyo, 8July 2008, pp. 1–10.

10 Greco, Giulia, et al., ‘Countdown to 2015:Assessment of donor assistance to maternal,newborn and child health between 2003 and2006’, The Lancet, vol. 371, no. 9620, 12 April2008, pp. 1268–1275.

CHAPTER 5 PANELSWorking together for maternal and newbornhealthWorld Health Organization: The Health of the People:The African regional health report 2006, WHORegional Office for Africa, Brazzaville, 2006, p. 19;The White Ribbon Alliance for Safe Motherhood,Annual Report 2007; Graham, Wendy J., ‘How JapanReduced Maternal Mortality in One Generation’, brief

published by the Partnership for Maternal, Newbornand Child Health, <www.who.int/pmnch/topics/maternal/japanexample/en/print.html>, accessed 30September 2008.

Key global partnerships for maternal and newborn healthInformation derived from partnerships websites,accessed 30 August 2008.

Partnering for mothers and newborns in theCentral African RepublicInformation supplied by UNICEF CAR.

UN agencies strengthen their collaboration insupport of maternal and newborn healthWorld Health Organization, ‘Accelerating Efforts toSave the Lives of Women and Newborns’, jointstatement on behalf of UNICEF, United NationsPopulation Fund, the World Bank and WHO, 25September 2008; WHO-UNFPA-UNICEF-World BankJoint Country Support for AcceleratedImplementation of Maternal and Newborn Continuumof Care,<www.who.int/mediacentre/news/statements/2008/who_unfpa_unicef_joint_country_support.pdf>,accessed 28 October 2008.

Enhancing health systems: The Health MetricsNetworkWorld Health Organization, Health Metrics Network,Framework and Standards for Country HealthInformation Systems, 2nd edition, WHO, Geneva,2008, pp. 5–8; Health Metrics Network website,<www.who.int/healthmetric/about/en>, accessed 30 September 2008.

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Pv` 3 201 209 120 124 42 10781 492 103 540 51 26 36s – –wPwj 148 21 9 18 8 5 16635 250 2 8350 79 97 – 11 60Pxb 107 45 22 36 19 18 1328630 17374 382 2360 73 93 99 13 52Kjw¤^qv 112 35 20 28 17 13 46156 876 18 3250 73 94 89 10 61K‡gviæm 55 120 66 88 49 25 839 28 2 680 65 75 73 – –K‡½v 24 104 125 67 79 30 3768 133 17 1540 55 87 86s – –KzK ØxccyÄÖRvZš¿ 117 32 18 26 16 10 13 0 0 – – – 74 – –†Kv÷vwiKv 140 18 11 16 10 8 4468 80 1 5560 79 96 92 13 53AvBfwi †Kv÷ 22 151 127 104 89 64 19262 687 87 910 48 49 62s 14 51†μv‡qwkqv 160 13 6 11 5 5 4555 41 0 10460 76 99 90 22 38wKDev 156 13 7 11 5 4 11268 118 1 c 78 100 97 – –mvBcÖvm 166 11 5 9 3 2 855 10 0 24940 79 98 99 – –†PK cÖRvZš¿ 173 12 4 10 3 2 10186 93 0 14450 76 – 93 25 36†Kvwiqv, MYZvwš¿K cÖRvZš¿ 62 55 55 42 42 22 23790 317 17 a 67 – – – –K‡½v, MYZvwš¿K cÖRvZš¿ 15 200 161 127 108 47 62636 3118 502 140 46 67 52s – –†WbgvK© 173 9 4 7 4 3 5442 62 0 54910 78 – 96 23 36wReywZ 22 175 127 116 84 45 833 24 3 1090 55 – 79s – –†WvwgwbKv 140 18 11 14 9 10 67 0 0 4250 – – 77 – –†WvwgwbKvb cÖRvZš¿ 73 66 38 53 31 18 9760 231 9 3550 72 89 78 12 55BKz‡qWi 107 57 22 43 20 13 13341 283 6 3080 75 93 97 11 58wgki 77 93 36 68 30 17 75498 1840 66 1580 71 72 96 22 42Gj mvjfvì 99 60 24 47 21 12 6857 158 4 2850 72 86 94 10 56BKz‡q‡Uvwiqvj wMwb 4 170 206 103 124 47 507 20 4 12860 51 87 61s – –BwiwÎqv 50 147 70 88 46 21 4851 191 13 230 58 – 47 – –G¨v‡¯Ívwbqv 160 18 6 14 4 4 1335 14 0 13200 71 100 94 19 43Bw_Iwcqv 27 204 119 122 75 41 83099 3201 381 220 53 36 45s 22 39wdwR 117 22 18 19 16 10 839 18 0 3800 69 – 91 – –wdbj¨vÛ 173 7 4 6 3 2 5277 58 0 44400 79 – 97 24 37

mviwY 1: †gŠwjK m~PK

5-eQ‡iiwb‡P

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1990 2007

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Ae¯’vb

wkï g„Zz¨nvi(1 eQ‡ii

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1990 2007

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gv_vwcQzMo RvZxq

Avq(gvwK©bWjvi)2007

Rb¥ mg‡qm¤¢ve¨ Mo-Avqy (eQi)

2007

†gvU eq¯‹wk¶vnvi

2000-2007*

cÖv_wgKwe`¨vj‡q

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d«vÝ 173 9 4 7 4 2 61647 758 3 38500 81 – 99 20 40M¨veb 40 92 91 60 60 31 1331 34 3 6670 57 86 94s – –Mvw¤^qv 34 153 109 104 82 44 1709 60 7 320 59 – 62 14 53RwR©qv 88 47 30 41 27 25 4395 48 1 2120 71 – 95s 16 47Rvg©vbx 173 9 4 7 4 3 82599 678 3 38860 79 – 98 22 37Nvbv 30 120 115 76 73 43 23478 703 81 590 60 65 72 16 47MÖxm 173 11 4 9 4 3 11147 103 0 29630 79 97 100 19 42†MÖbvWv 114 37 19 30 15 11 106 2 0 4670 69 – 84 – –¸qv‡Zgvjv 71 82 39 60 29 19 13354 449 18 2440 70 73 94 12 54wMwb 17 231 150 137 93 39 9370 377 57 400 56 30 51s 18 46wMwb-wemvD 5 240 198 142 118 47 1695 84 17 200 46 65 54s 14x 53x

Mvqvbv 59 88 60 64 45 22 738 13 1 1300 66 – 96s – –nvBwZ 47 152 76 105 57 32 9598 270 21 560 61 62 50s 9 63nwj wm – – – – – 1 – – – – – – – –ûÛzivm 99 58 24 45 20 17 7106 200 5 1600 70 83 79s 11 58nv‡½ix 156 17 7 15 6 5 10030 93 1 11570 73 99 88 22 39AvBmj¨vÛ 189 7 3 5 2 1 301 4 0 54100 82 – 98 – –fviZ 49 117 72 83 54 39 1169016 27119 1953 950 64 66 83s 19 45B‡›`v‡bwkqv 86 91 31 60 25 17 231627 4386 136 1650 70 91 96 18 47Bivb (Bmjvgx cÖRvZš¿) 83 72 33 54 29 19 71208 1441 48 3470 71 85 94 17 45BivK 66 53 44 42 36 63 28993 935 41 2170x 59 74 89 – –Avqvij¨vÛ 173 9 4 8 4 4 4301 67 0 48140 79 – 95 20 42BmivBj 166 12 5 10 4 3 6928 137 1 21900 81 – 97 16 45BZvjx 173 10 4 8 3 3 58877 539 2 33540 81 99 99 19 42R¨vgvBKv 86 33 31 28 26 10 2714 55 2 3710 72 86 97s 15 52Rvcvb 173 6 4 5 3 1 127967 1070 4 37670 83 – 100 25x 36x

RW©vb 99 40 24 33 21 16 5924 154 4 2850 72 93 90 18 46KvRvL Ívb 84 60 32 51 28 32 15422 297 10 5060 67 100 98s 19 42†Kwbqv 26 97 121 64 80 34 37538 1479 179 680 53 74 76 16 49wKwievwZ 57 88 63 65 46 25 95 0 0 1170 – – 97 – –Kz‡qZ 140 15 11 13 9 7 2851 51 1 31640 78 94 84 – –wKiwMR Ívb 73 74 38 62 34 30 5317 115 4 590 66 99 92s 22 39jvI RbMYZvwš¿K cÖRvZš¿ 50 163 70 120 56 30 5859 157 11 580 64 73 84 20 43jvUwfqv 148 17 9 13 7 6 2277 21 0 9930 73 100 90 19 43†jevbb 91 37 29 32 26 19 4099 74 2 5770 72 – 82 – –†j‡m‡_v 45 102 84 81 68 52 2008 59 5 1000 42 82 85s 6 67jvB‡ewiqv 20 205 133 138 93 66 3750 189 25 150 45 56 40 – –wjweqv Avie Rvgvwnwiqv 117 41 18 35 17 11 6160 145 3 9010 74 87 – – –wjL‡Ubw÷b 189 10 3 9 2 – 35 0 0 d – – 88 – –wj_yqvwbqv 151 16 8 12 7 5 3390 30 0 9920 73 100 89 19 43jy‡·gevM© 189 9 3 8 2 3 467 5 0 75880 79 – 97 – –gv`vMv¯‹vi 32 168 112 103 70 41 19683 722 81 320 59 71 76s 13 54gvjvDwq 33 209 111 124 71 26 13925 573 64 250 48 72 91 18 47gvj‡qwkqv 140 22 11 16 10 5 26572 555 6 6540 74 92 100 13 54gvjØxc 88 111 30 79 26 24 306 7 0 3200 68 97 97 – –gvwj 6 250 196 148 117 54 12337 595 117 500 54 23 61 16 47gvëv 166 11 5 10 4 3 407 4 0 15310 79 92 91 – –gvk©vj ØxccyÄ 64 92 54 63 49 24 59 0 0 3070 – – 66 – –†gŠwiZvwbqv 27 130 119 81 75 40 3124 102 12 840 64 56 57s 17 46gwikvm 126 24 15 21 13 9 1262 19 0 5450 73 87 95 – –†gw·‡Kv 78 52 35 42 29 11 106535 2088 73 8340 76 92 98 13 55gvB‡μv‡bwmqv(†dWv‡i‡UW iv÷ª) 69 58 40 45 33 11 111 3 0 2470 68 – 92 – –gj‡`vfv, cÖRvZš¿ 117 37 18 30 16 12 3794 43 1 1260 69 99 88 20 41†gvbv‡Kv 173 9 4 7 3 2 33 0 0 d – – – – –g‡½vwjqv 67 98 43 71 35 18 2629 49 2 1290 67 97 97s 20 41g‡›Uwb‡MÖv 145 16 10 14 9 9 598 8 0 5180 74 – 97s – –gi‡°v 81 89 34 69 32 24 31224 641 22 2250 71 56 88 17 47†gvRvw¤^K 14 201 168 135 115 35 21397 855 144 320 42 44 60s 15 54bgvqvbgvi 36 130 103 91 74 49 48798 891 92 220x 62 90 84s – –bvwgweqv 53 87 68 57 47 20 2074 53 4 3360 52 88 91s 4x 79x

bvDiæ 88 – 30 – 25 14 10 0 0 – – – 60 – –


1995-2005*


5-eQ‡iiwb‡P

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1990 2007

5-eQ‡iiwb‡P

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1990 2007




5-eQ‡iiwb‡P


gv_vwcQzMo RvZxq



2007


2000-2007*

cÖv_wgKwe`¨vj‡q


(%)2000-2007*


mviwY 1: †gŠwjK m~PK

†bcvj 62 142 55 99 43 32 28196 796 44 340 64 57 84s 15 55†b`vij¨vÛm 166 8 5 7 4 3 16419 184 1 45820 80 – 98 21 39wbDwRj¨vÛ 160 11 6 9 5 3 4179 57 0 28780 80 – 99 18 44wbKviv¸qv 78 68 35 52 28 16 5603 140 5 980 73 81 90 15 49bvBRvi 11 304 176 143 83 41 14226 701 123 280 57 30 38s 10 53bvB‡Rwiqv 8 230 189 120 97 47 148093 5959 1126 930 47 72 63 15 49bvBD – – – – 16 2 0 – – – – 90 – –biI‡q 173 9 4 7 3 2 4698 56 0 76450 80 – 98 24 37AwaK…Z wdwjw¯Íb f‚LÛ 95 38 27 33 24 – 4017 145 4 1230 73 93 76 – –Igvb 137 32 12 25 11 5 2595 58 1 11120 76 84 74 – –cvwK¯Ívb 43 132 90 102 73 53 163902 4446 400 870 65 55 56s 22 41cvjvD 145 21 10 18 9 13 20 0 0 8210 – – 96 – –cvbvgv 104 34 23 27 18 11 3343 70 2 5510 75 93 99 9 60cvcyqv wbD wMwb 56 94 65 69 50 32 6331 190 12 850 57 58 – 12 57c¨viv¸‡q 91 41 29 34 24 12 6127 153 4 1670 72 94 94 9 62†ciæ 112 78 20 58 17 11 27903 584 12 3450 71 91 96 11 57wdwjcvBb 94 62 28 43 23 15 87960 2295 64 1620 72 93 91 15 51†cvj¨vÛ 156 17 7 15 6 5 38082 360 3 9840 76 99 96 19 43cZ©yMvj 173 15 4 11 3 3 10623 112 0 18950 78 95 98 17 46KvZvi 126 26 15 20 12 4 841 14 0 12000x 76 90 94 – –†Kvwiqv, cÖRvZš¿ 166 9 5 8 4 4 48224 448 2 19690 79 – 98 22 38iægvwbqv 126 32 15 25 13 10 21438 211 3 6150 72 98 93 21 40iæk †dWv‡ikb 126 27 15 23 13 7 142499 1515 23 7560 65 100 91 17 47iæqvÛv 9 195 181 117 109 48 9725 435 79 320 46 65 86s 14 53†m›U wKUm&& I †bwfm 117 36 18 30 16 11 50 1 0 9630 – – 71 – –†m›U jywmqv 117 21 18 16 14 11 165 3 0 5530 74 – 98 – –†m›U wfb‡m›U I

†MÖbvWvBbm&& 114 22 19 18 17 13 120 2 0 4210 71 – 90 – –mv‡gvqv 95 50 27 40 22 14 187 5 0 2430 71 99 90 – –mvb g¨vwi‡bv 173 13 4 12 4 2 31 0 0 45130 – – – – –mvI‡Uv‡g I wcÖwÝ‡c 38 101 99 65 64 38 158 5 0 870 65 88 98 – –†mŠw` Avie 97 44 25 35 20 11 24735 618 15 15440 73 85 – – –†m‡bMvj 31 149 114 72 59 35 12379 439 50 820 63 43 58s 17 48mvwe©qv 151 – 8 – 7 9 9858 127 1 4730 74 – 95 21 38wmwmwj 134 19 13 17 12 7 87 3 0 8960 – 92 99 – –wm‡qiv wjIb 1 290 262 169 155 56 5866 268 70 260 42 38 69s 17 47wm½vcyi 189 8 3 6 2 1 4436 37 0 32470 80 94 – 14 49†møvfvwKqv 151 15 8 13 7 4 5390 53 0 11730 75 – 92 24 35†møv‡fwbqv 173 11 4 9 3 2 2002 18 0 20960 78 100 95 21 40m‡jvgb ØxdcyÄ 50 121 70 86 53 23 496 15 1 730 63 – 62 – –†mvgvwjqv 19 203 142 121 88 49 8699 377 54 140x 48 – 22s – –`wÿY Avwd«Kv 60 64 59 49 46 17 48577 1092 64 5760 50 88 88 10 62†¯úb 173 9 4 7 4 2 44279 476 2 29450 81 97 100 19 42kªxj¼v 110 32 21 26 17 8 19299 292 6 1540 72 92 98 18 48my vb 34 125 109 79 69 27 38560 1230 134 960 58 61 54s – –mywibvg 91 51 29 41 27 17 458 9 0 4730 70 90 96 – –†mvqvwRj¨vÛ 40 96 91 70 66 40 1141 33 3 2580 40 80 84s 13 56myB‡Wb 189 7 3 6 3 2 9119 102 0 46060 81 – 95 23 37myBRvij¨vÛ 166 8 5 7 4 3 7484 69 0 59880 82 – 89 20 41wmwiqv Avie cÖRvZš¿ 123 37 17 30 15 7 19929 535 9 1760 74 83 95 – –ZvRvwK¯Ívb 54 117 67 91 57 38 6736 186 12 460 67 100 89s 20 42_vBj¨vÛ 156 31 7 26 6 9 63884 932 7 3400 70 94 94 16 49†gwm‡Wvwbqvi mv‡eK

hy‡Mvmøvf cÖRvZš¿ 123 38 17 33 15 9 2038 22 0 3460 74 97 92 17 46wZgyi-†jm_&& 39 184 97 138 77 29 1155 48 5 1510 61 – 75s – –U‡Mv 37 150 100 89 65 39 6585 245 25 360 58 53 80 – –†Uv½v 104 32 23 26 19 12 100 3 0 2320 73 99 96 – –wÎwb`v` I †Uvev‡Mv 78 34 35 30 31 10 1333 20 1 14100 70 99 98s 17x 45x

wZDwbwmqv 110 52 21 41 18 13 10327 173 4 3200 74 78 96 16 47Zzi¯‹ 104 82 23 67 21 16 74877 1381 32 8020 72 89 91 15 50ZzK©‡gwb¯Ívb 65 99 50 81 45 37 4965 109 5 b 63 100 99s 16 48Uzfv‡jv 75 53 37 42 30 21 11 0 0 – – – 100 – –DMvÛv 21 175 130 106 82 30 30884 1445 188 340 51 74 82s 15 53BD‡μb 99 25 24 22 20 7 46205 419 10 2550 68 100 97s 23 37mshy³ Avie AvwgivZ 151 15 8 13 7 4 4380 71 1 26210x 79 90 88 – –

120 w e k¦ w k ï c w i w ¯’ w Z 2 0 0 9


1995-2005*


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1990 2007

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1990 2007




5-eQ‡iiwb‡P


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2007


2000-2007*

cÖv_wgKwe`¨vj‡q


(%)2000-2007*

- DcvË cvIqv hvqwb|x †h-me DcvË Kjv‡gi wk‡ivbv‡g †Ìqv eQi ev mg‡qi †P‡q wfbœ, gvbm¤§Z msÁvi †P‡q Avjv`v, A_ev †`kwUi GKvsk

m¤ú‡K© cÖ‡hvR¨| GB Dcv‡Ë AÂj ev êwk¦K Mo‡K AšÍfz©³ Kiv nqwb|y †h-me DcvË Kjv‡gi wk‡ivbv‡g †Ìqv eQi ev mg‡qi †P‡q wfbœ, cÖwgZ msÁvi †P‡q Avjv`v, A_ev †`kwUi GKvsk

m¤ú‡K© cÖ‡hvR¨| GB Dcv‡Ë AÂj ev êwk¦K Mo‡K AšÍfz©³ Kiv n‡q‡Q|* Dc¯’vwcZ Z_¨ DwjøwLZ mgqKv‡ji g‡a¨ me©mv¤cÖwZK †h eQ‡ii cvIqv †M‡Q Zv‡K wb‡`©k Ki‡Q|s RvZxq M„n¯’vwj Rwic DcvË|

hy³ivR¨ 160 9 6 8 5 3 60769 722 4 42740 79 – 98 18 44ZvÄvwbqv, mshy³ cÖRvZš¿ 29 157 116 96 73 35 40454 1600 186 400 52 72 73s 19 42hy³ivóª 151 11 8 9 7 4 305826 4281 34 46040 78 – 92 16 46Diæ¸‡q 132 25 14 21 12 7 3340 51 1 6380 76 98 100 14 51DR‡ewK Ívb 68 74 41 61 36 26 27372 623 26 730 67 97 100s 19 45fvbyqvZz 81 62 34 48 28 18 226 7 0 1840 70 78 87 – –†f‡bRy‡qjv

(ewjfvwiqvb cÖRvZš¿) 114 32 19 27 17 11 27657 597 11 7320 74 93 91 12 52wf‡qZbvg 126 56 15 40 13 12 87375 1653 25 790 74 90x 95 18 45D‡q‡gb 48 127 73 90 55 41 22389 860 63 870 62 59 75 19 45Rvw¤^qv 13 163 170 99 103 40 11922 473 80 800 42 68x 57s 12 55wR¤^vey‡q 43 95 90 62 59 36 13349 373 34 340 43 91 88 13 56

... mviwY 1

mvims‡¶c m~PKAvwd«Kvi Dc-mvnviv AÂj 186 148 109 89 41 767218 30323 4480 965 50 62 64 13 54

c~e© I `w¶Y Avwd«Kv 165 123 101 80 36 378926 14268 1761 1245 50 65 68 12 58cwðg I ga¨ Avwd«Kv 206 169 116 97 45 388292 16056 2719 698 50 60 60 16 48

ga¨cÖvP¨ I DËi Avwd«Kv 79 46 58 36 25 389176 9726 445 3666 69 75 86 18 45`w¶Y Gwkqv 125 78 89 59 41 1567187 37986 2985 889 64 63 80 19 46c~e© Gwkqv I cÖkvšÍ gnvmvMixq AÂj 56 27 42 22 18 1984273 29773 799 2742 72 93 97 16 46j¨vwUb Av‡gwiKv I K¨vwiexq AÂj 55 26 44 22 13 566646 11381 302 5628 73 91 93 11 56wmBB/wmAvBGm 53 25 44 22 16 405992 5560 138 5686 68 97 93 20 42wk‡ívbœZ †`kmg~n§ 10 6 8 5 3 974913 11021 66 38579 79 – 96 20 40Dbœqbkxj †`kmg~n§ 103 74 71 51 31 5432837 122266 9109 2405 67 79 83 15 50¯^‡ívbœZ †`kmg~n§ 179 130 112 84 40 804450 29076 3775 491 55 57 65 15 50wek¦ 93 68 64 47 28 6655406 135770 9216 7952 68 81 85 19 42§ cÖ‡Z¨K †`k-†kªYx ev AÂj-¸‡”Qi AšÍM©Z †K›`ªPvwjZ cÖ‡`kmg~nI (†Uwi‡Uvwi) G‡Z AšÍfy©³ n‡q‡Q| cÖ‡Z¨K †`k-†kªYx ev AÂj¸‡”Q AšÍfy©³ †`k I †K›`ªPvwjZ cÖ‡`kmg~‡ni ZvwjKv c„.152-G Dc¯’vwcZ n‡q‡Q|

a: wbgœ Avq-¯Íi (935 gvwK©b Wjvi ev Zvi Kg)b: wbgœ-gvSvwi Avq-¯Íi (936 †_‡K 3,705 gvwK©b Wjvi)c: D”P-gvSvwi Avq-¯Íi (3,596 †_‡K 11,115 gvwK©b Wjvi)d: D”P Avq-¯Íi (11,456 ev Zvi †ewk gvwK©b Wjvi)

Dcv‡Ëi g~j Drm

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Avq eÈb - †gvU M„n¯’vwji D”PZg DcvR©bKvix 20 kZvsk cwievi Ges wbgœZg DcvR©bKvix 40 kZvskcwievi KZ kZvsk DcvR©b K‡i|



1995-2005*


5-eQ‡iiwb‡P

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1990 2007

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1990 2007




5-eQ‡iiwb‡P


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2007


2000-2007*

cÖv_wgKwe`¨vj‡q


(%)2000-2007*

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mviwY 2: cywó

AvdMvwb¯Ívb – – 29 54 33y 39y 12y 7y 54y 94 92 28Avj‡ewbqv 7 40 69 22 6 8 1 7 22 – – 60Avj‡Rwiqv 6 7 39 22 3 4 1 3 11 – – 61G¨v‡Ûviv – – – – – – – – – – – –G¨v‡½vjv 12 11 77 37 26 31 8 6 45 36 36 35

G¨vw›U¸qv I eviey v 5 – – – – – – – – – – –Av‡R©w›Ubv 7 – – 28 2y 4y – 1y 4y – – 90x

Av‡g©wbqv 8 33 57 15 4 4 0 5 13 – – 97A‡÷ªwjqv 7 – – – – – – – – – – –Aw÷ªqv 7 – – – – – – – – – – –AvRvievBRvb 12 12 44 16 8 10 2 5 21 95 95w 54evnvgv 7x – – – – – – – – – – –evnivBb 8x 34x 65x 41x – 9x 2x 5x 10x – – –evsjv‡`k 22 37 52 89 41 46 – 16 36 95 94 84eviev‡Wvm 14 – – – – – – – – – – –†ejviæm 4 9 38 4 1 1 0 1 3 – – 55†ejwRqvg 8x – – – – – – – – – – –†ewjR 8 10 – 27 – 6 1 1 18 – – 90x

†ewbb 15 43 72 57 18 23 5 7 38 73 73 55f‚Uvb 15x – – – 14x 19x 3x 3x 40x 48 48 96ewjwfqv 7 54 74 46 5 8 1 1 27 – – 90emwbqv I nvi‡R‡Mvwfbv 5 18 29 10 1 2 0 3 7 – – 62†evZ‡mvqvbv 10 34 57 11 11 13 2 5 23 – – 66eªvwRj 8 – 30x 17x 4 5 – – – – – 88eªæ‡bB `viæmmvjvg 10x – – – – – – – – – – –eyj‡Mwiqv 10 – – – – – – – – – – 100eyiwKbv dv‡mv 16 7 50 85 32 37 14 23 35 95 73 34eyiæwÛ 11 45 88 – 35 39 14 7 53 83 83 98K‡¤^vwWqv 14 60 82 54 28 36 7 7 37 76 76 73K¨v‡giæb 11 21 64 21 16 19 5 6 30 – – 49KvbvWv 6 – – – – – – – – – – –†Kc fv‡`© 13x 57x 64x 13x – – – – – – – 0xga¨ Avwd«Kvb cÖRvZš¿ 13 23 55 47 24 29 8 10 38 78 78 62Pv` 22 2 77 65 – 37 14 14 41 54 54 56wPwj 6 85k – – – 1y – 0y 1y – – 100xPxb 2 51 32 15 6 7 – – 11 – – 94Kjw¤^qv 9 47 65 32 5y 7y 1y 1y 12y – – 92xK‡gviæm 25 21 34 45 – 25 – 8 44 93 0 82K‡½v 13 19 78 21 11 14 3 7 26 95 79 82KzK ØxccyÄÖRvZš¿ 3 19x – – – 10x – – – – – –†Kv÷vwiKv 7 35x 47x 12x – 5x 0x 2x 6x – – 92xAvBfwi †Kv÷ 17 4 54 37 16 20 4 7 34 63 4 84†μv‡qwkqv 5 23x – – – 1x – 1x 1x – – 90xwKDev 5 26 47 16 – 4 0 2 5 – – 88mvBcÖvm – – – – – – – – – – – –†PK cÖRvZš¿ 7 – – – – – – – – – – –†Kvwiqv, MYZvwš¿K cÖRvZš¿ 7 65 31 37 18y 23y 8y 7y 37y 95 95 40K‡½v, MYZvwš¿K cÖRvZš¿ 12 36 82 64 28 31 9 13 38 79 79 72†WbgvK© 5 – – – – – – – – – – –wReywZ 10 1 23 18 24 29 10 21 33 95 94 0†WvwgwbKv 9 – – – – – – – – – – –†WvwgwbKvb cÖRvZš¿ 11 4 36 15 – 5 1 1 7 – – 19BKz‡qWi 16x 40 77 23 6 9 1 2 23 – – 99xwgki 14 38 67 37 5 6 1 4 18 87 87w 78Gj mvjfvì 7 24 76 43 6y 10y 1y 1y 19y 20 13 62BKz‡q‡Uvwiqvj wMwb 13 24 – – – 19 4 7 39 – – 33BwiwÎqv 14 52 43 62 35 40 12 13 38 51 50 68G¨v‡¯Ívwbqv 4 – – – – – – – – – – –Bw_Iwcqv 20 49 54 – 33 38 11 11 47 88 86 20

Kg IRb wb‡qRb¥v‡bv wkï

% 2000-2007*

ïaygvÎ ey‡Kiya cvb K‡i(<6 gvm)

ey‡Ki y‡ai mv‡_Ab¨ Lvevi Lvq

(6-9 gvm)

GL‡bv ey‡Ki yaLv‡”Q

(20-23 gvm)

% wnmv‡e wkïi nvi (2000-2007*) hvivwfUvwgb-G

LvIqv‡bvi nvi(6-59 gvm) 2007 % Lvbv

Av‡qvwWbhy³jeY Lvq

2000-2007* gvSvwi I Zxeª

gvSvwi I Zxeª

Ach©vß IRb(GbwmGBPGm/WweøDGBPI)

Ach©vß IRb#

(WweøDGBPI)

IRb n«vm(GbwmGBPGm/WweøDGBPI)

gvSvwi I ZxeªZxeª

D”PZvevavcÖvß

(GbwmGBPGm/WweøDGBPI)

gvSvwi I Zxeª

% wnmv‡e Ab~aŸ©-5 wkï (2000-2007) fyM‡Q

†`k I AÂj

122 w e k¦ w k ï c w i w ¯’ w Z 2 0 0 9

AšÍZ GKgvÎv†c‡q (%)

c~Y©gvÎv†c‡q (%)

... mviwY 2

wdwR 10x 47x – – – – – – – – – 31xwdbj¨vÛ 4 – – – – – – – – – – –d«vÝ 7x – – – – – – – – – – –M¨veb 14 6 62 9 8 12 2 3 21 90 0 36Mvw¤^qv 20 41 44 53 16 20 4 6 22 93 82 7RwR©qv 5 11 35 20 2 2 0 2 10 – – 87Rvg©vbx 7x – – – – – – – – – – –Nvbv 9 54 58 56 13 18 3 5 22 95 77 32MÖxm 8x – – – – – – – – – – –†MÖbvWv 9 39x – – – – – – – – – –¸qv‡Zgvjv 12 51 67 47 18y 23y 4y 2y 49y 33 29 40wMwb 12 27 41 71 22 26 7 9 35 95 94 51wMwb-wemvD 24 16 35 61 15 19 4 7 41 66 64 1Mvqvbv 13 11 42 31 10 12 2 8 14 – – –nvBwZ 25 41 87 35 18 22 6 9 24 – – 3nwj wm – – – – – – – – – – – –ûÛzivm 10 30 69 48 8 11 1 1 25 – – 80xnv‡½ix 9 – – – – – – – – – – –AvBmj¨vÛ 4 – – – – – – – – – – –fviZ 28 46 57 77 43 46 – 19 38 53 33 51B‡›`v‡bwkqv 9 40 75 59 23 28 9 – – 87 87 73Bivb (Bmjvgx cÖRvZš¿) 7x 23 68 58 – 11x 2x 5x 15x – – 99BivK 15 25 51 36 6 8 1 5 21 – – 28Avqvij¨vÛ 6x – – – – – – – – – – –BmivBj 8 – – – – – – – – – – –BZvjx 6x – – – – – – – – – – –R¨vgvBKv 12 15 36 24 3 4 – 4 3 – – 100xRvcvb 8 – – – – – – – – – – –RW©vb 12 22 66 11 – 4 1 2 9 – – 88KvRvL¯Ívb 6 17 39 16 4 4 1 4 13 – – 92†Kwbqv 10 13 84 57 16 20 4 6 30 22 15 91wKwievwZ 5x 80x – – – 13x – – – – – –Kz‡qZ 7x 12x 26x 9x – 10x 3x 11x 24x – – –wKiwMR¯Ívb 5 32 49 26 2 3 0 4 14 95 95 76jvI RbMYZvwš¿K cÖRvZš¿ 14 23 10 47 31 37 9 7 40 83 69 75jvUwfqv 5 – – – – – – – – – – –†jevbb 6 27 35 11 – 4 – 5 11 – – 92†j‡m‡_v 13 36 79 60 – 20 4 4 38 85 38 91jvB‡ewiqv – 35 70 45 23 26 8 6 39 85 85 –wjweqv Avie Rvgvwnwiqv 7x – – 23x 4x 5x 1x 3x 15x – – 90xwjL‡Ubw÷b – – – – – – – – – – – –wj_yqvwbqv 4 – – – – – – – – – – –jy‡·gevM© 8 – – – – – – – – – – –gv`vMv¯‹vi 17 67 78 64 36 42 11 13 48 95 95 75gvjvDwq 14 57 89 72 15 21 4 4 46 90 90 50gvj‡qwkqv 9 29x – 12x – 8 1 – – – – –gvjØxc 22 10 85 – – 30 7 13 25 62 62 44gvwj 19 38 30 56 27 32 10 13 34 95 89 79gvëv 6 – – – – – – – – – – –gvk©vj ØxccyÄ 12x 63x – – – – – – – 39 39 –†gŠwiZvwbqv – 20 78 57 – 32 10 13 35 95 89 2gwikvm 14 21 – – – 15x 2x 14x 10x – – 0x†gw·‡Kv 8 38x 36x 21x 3 5 – 2 13 – – 91gvB‡μv‡bwmqv(†dWv‡i‡UW iv÷ª) 18 60x – – – 15x – – – – – –gj‡`vfv, cÖRvZš¿ 6 46 18 2 – 4 1 4 8 – – 60†gvbv‡Kv – – – – – – – – – – – –g‡½vwjqv 6 57 57 65 5 6 1 2 21 95 94 83g‡›Uwb‡MÖv 4 19 35 13 2 3 1 3 5 – – 71gi‡°v 15 31 66 15 9 10 2 9 18 – – 21†gvRvw¤^K 15 30 80 65 20 24 6 4 41 48 42 54gvqvbgvi 15 15 66 67 – 32 7 9 32 94 93 60bvwgweqv 14 24 72 28 – 24 5 9 24 – – 63bvDiæ – – – – – – – – – – – –



% 2000-2007*



(6-9 gvm)


(20-23 gvm)





gvSvwi I Zxeª


Ach©vß IRb#

(WweøDGBPI)


gvSvwi I ZxeªZxeª

D”PZvevavcÖvß


gvSvwi I Zxeª




mviwY 2: cywó

†bcvj 21 53 75 95 39 45 10 12 43 95 95 63†b`vij¨vÛm – – – – – – – – – – – –wbDwRj¨vÛ 6 – – – – – – – – – – 83xwbKviv¸qv 12 31 83 43 – 7 1 1 17 95 – 97bvBRvi 27 9 73 – 39 44 15 10 50 95 95 46bvB‡Rwiqv 14 17 64 34 24 29 9 9 38 77 55 97bvBD 0 – – – – – – – – – – –biI‡q 5 – – – – – – – – – – –AwaK…Z wdwjw¯Íb f‚LÛ 7 27 – – – 3 0 1 10 – – 86Igvb 9 – 91 73 13x 18x 1x 7x 10x – – 61xcvwK¯Ívb 19x 37 36 55 31 38 13 13 37 95 95 17cvjvD 9x 59x – – – – – – – – – –cvbvgv 10 25x 38x 21x 6x 8x 1x 1x 18x – – 95xcvcyqv wbD wMwb 11x 59x 74x 66x – – – – – 7 7 –c¨viv¸‡q 9 22 60 – 3 4 – 1 14 – – 94†ciæ 10 63 82 47 6 5 1 1 30 – – 91wdwjcvBb 20 34 58 32 21 28 – 6 30 83 83 45†cvj¨vÛ 6 – – – – – – – – – – –cZ©yMvj 8 – – – – – – – – – – –KvZvi 10x 12x 48x 21x – 6x – 2x 8x – – –†Kvwiqv, cÖRvZš¿ 4 – – – – – – – – – – –iægvwbqv 8 16 41 – 4 3 0 2 10 – – 74iæk †dWv‡ikb 6 – – – – 3x 1x 4x 13x – – 35iæqvÛv 6 88 69 77 18 23 4 4 45 89 76 88†m›U wKUm&& I †bwfm 9 56x – – – – – – – – – 100†m›U jywmqv 11 – – – – – – – – – – –†m›U wfb‡m›U I †MÖbvWvBbm&& 8 – – – – – – – – – – –mv‡gvqv 4x – – – – – – – – – – –mvb g¨vwi‡bv – – – – – – – – – – – –mvI‡Uv‡g I wcÖwÝ‡c 8 60 60 18 7 9 1 8 23 55 48 37†mŠw` Avie 11x 31x 60x 30x – 14x 3x 11x 20x – – –†m‡bMvj 19 34 61 42 14 17 3 8 16 94 94 41mvwe©qv 5 15 39 8 1 2 0 3 6 – – 73wmwmwj – – – – – – – – – – – –wm‡qiv wjIb 24 8 52 57 25 30 8 9 40 95 86 45wm½vcyi 8 – – – 3 3 0 2 2 – – –†møvfvwKqv 7 – – – – – – – – – – –†møv‡fwbqv 6 – – – – – – – – – – –m‡jvgb ØxdcyÄ 13x 65 – – 16x 21x – – – – – –†mvgvwjqv – 9 15 35 32 36 12 11 38 89 4 1`wÿY Avwd«Kv 15x 7 46 – 10x 12x 2x 3x 25x – – 62x†¯úb 6x – – – – – – – – – – –kªxj¼v 22 53 – 73 23y 29y – 14y 14y – – 94my vb 31x 16 47 40 – 41 15 16 43 90 90 1mywibvg 13 9 25 11 7 10 1 5 8 – – –†mvqvwRj¨vÛ 9 32 77 31 5 7 – 2 24 – – 80myB‡Wb 4x – – – – – – – – – – –myBRvij¨vÛ 6x – – – – – – – – – – –wmwiqv Avie cÖRvZš¿ 9 29 37 16 9 10 2 9 22 – – 79ZvRvwK Ívb 10 25 15 34 14 17 4 7 27 92 92 46_vBj¨vÛ 9 5 43 19 7 9 0 4 12 – – 47†gwm‡Wvwbqvi mv‡eK

hy‡Mvmøvf cÖRvZš¿ 6 37x 8x 10x 2 2 0 2 9 – – 94wZgyi-†jm_&& 12 31 82 35 – 49 15 25 54 57 50 60U‡Mv 12 28 35 44 22 26 7 14 24 95 64 25†Uv½v 3 62x – – – – – – – – – –wÎwb`v` I †Uvev‡Mv 19 13 43 22 – 6 1 4 4 – – 28wZDwbwmqv 7 47 – 22 – 4 1 2 12 – – 97Zzi¯‹ 16x 21 38 24 – 4 1 1 12 – – 64ZzK©‡gwb¯Ívb 4 11 54 37 8 11 2 6 15 – – 87Uzfv‡jv 5 – – – – – – – – – – –DMvÛv 14 60 80 54 16 20 5 5 32 64 – 96

124 w e k¦ w k ï c w i w ¯’ w Z 2 0 0 9


% 2000-2007*



(6-9 gvm)


(20-23 gvm)





gvSvwi I Zxeª


Ach©vß IRb#

(WweøDGBPI)


gvSvwi I ZxeªZxeª

D”PZvevavcÖvß


gvSvwi I Zxeª




... mviwY 2

Dcv‡Ëi cÖavb m~Î

Rb¥Kv‡j Kg IRb - RbmsL¨v I ¯^v¯’¨ Rwic (wWGBPGm), eû m~PK ¸”Q Rwic ev GgAvBwmGm, Ab¨vb¨RvZxq M„n¯’vwj Rwic I Z_¨-DcvË msMÖ‡ni wbqwgZ Ab¨vb¨ c×wZ|

gvZ„ y» cvb - wWGBPGm, GgAvBwmGm I BDwb‡md|

^íIRb, IRb n«vm Ges D”PZv bv evov - wWGBPGm, GgAvBwmGm, wek¦ ¯^v¯’¨ms¯’v Ges BDwb‡md

wfUvwgb G - BDwb‡md Ges wek¦ ¯^v¯’¨ms¯’v|

Av‡qvwWbhy³ jeY - GgAvBwmGm, wWGBPGm Ges BDwb‡md|

m~P‡Ki msÁv

Rb¥Kv‡j Kg IRb - Rb¥Kv‡j wkïi IRb 2,500 MÖv‡gi Kg n‡j|

¯^í IRb - gvSvwi I Zxeª - Av‡jvP¨ Rb‡Mvôxi eqm Abyhvqx Mo IRb †_‡K Av`k© wePz wZ yB we‡qvM w`‡qZviI Kg IRb ; Zxeª - Av‡jvP¨ Rb‡Mvôxi eqm Abyhvqx Mo IRb †_‡K Av`k© wePz wZ wZb we‡qvM w`‡qZviI Kg IRb|

IRb n«vm - gvSvwi I Zxeª - Av‡jvP¨ Rb‡Mvôxi D”PZv Abyhvqx Mo IRb †_‡K Av`k© wePz wZ yB we‡qvMw`‡q ZviI Kg IRb|

D”PZv evavcÖvß - gvSvwi I Zxeª - Av‡jvP¨ Rb‡Mvôxi eqm Abyhvqx Mo D”PZv †_‡K Av`k© wePz wZ yBwe‡qvM w`‡q ZviI Kg D”PZv|

wfUvwgb G - 6-59 gvm eqmx KZ kZvsk wkï 2005 mv‡j wfUvwgb G m¤ú~iK †c‡qwQj|

Av‡qvwWbhy³ jeY Lvq - KZ ksZvk cwievi Av‡qvwWb hy³ jeY Lv‡”Q (15 wcwcGg ev Zvi †ewk)|

mvims‡¶c m~PKAvwd«Kvi Dc-mvnviv AÂj 15 31 68 51 24 28 8 9 38 77 67 64

c~e© I `w¶Y Avwd«Kv 14 40 71 56 23 28 7 7 40 73 68 56cwðg I ga¨ Avwd«Kv 15 23 65 47 24 28 9 10 36 81 67 72

ga¨cÖvP¨ I DËi Avwd«Kv 12 26 57 36 11 17 5 8 26 – – 60`w¶Y Gwkqv 27 44 53 75 41 45 – 18 38 64 50 51c~e© Gwkqv I cÖkvšÍ gnvmvMixq AÂj6 43 45 27 11 14 – – 16 86 86** 86j¨vwUb Av‡gwiKv I K¨vwiexq AÂj 9 – – – 5 6 – 2 16 – – 83wmBB/wmAvBGm 6 20 41 23 – 5 1 2 12 – – 50wk‡ívbœZ †`kmg~n§ 7 – – – – – – – – – – –Dbœqbkxj †`kmg~n§ 15 39 55 51 24 26 – 11 30 72 62** 70¯^‡ívbœZ †`kmg~n§ 17 37 64 64 30 34 9 11 40 84 82 55wek¦ 14 38 55 50 23 25 – 11 28 72 62** 68

§ cÖ‡Z¨K †`k-†kªYx ev AÂj-¸‡”Qi AšÍM©Z †K›`ªPvwjZ cÖ‡`kmg~nI (†Uwi‡Uvwi) G‡Z AšÍfy©³ n‡q‡Q| cÖ‡Z¨K †`k-†kªYx ev AÂj¸‡”Q AšÍfy©³ †`k I †K›`ªPvwjZ cÖ‡`kmg~‡ni ZvwjKv c„.152-G Dc¯’vwcZ n‡q‡Q|

UxKv - DcvË cvIqv hvqwb|

X †hme DcvË Kjvg-wk‡ivbv‡g DwjøwLZ mgqKv‡ji †P‡q wfbœ mg‡qi, gvbm¤§Z msÁvi †P‡q Avjv`v, A_ev GKwU †`‡ki GKvs‡ki Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨| G ai‡bi DcvË AvÂwjK Ges êwk¦K M‡oi cwimsL¨v‡b AšÍfy©³nqwb|

Y †hme DcvË Kjvg-wk‡ivbv‡g DwjøwLZ mgqKv‡ji †P‡q wfbœ mg‡qi, gvbm¤§Z msÁvi †P‡q Avjv`v, A_ev GKwU †`‡ki GKvs‡ki Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨| G ai‡bi DcvË AvÂwjK Ges êwk¦K M‡oi cwimsL¨v‡b AšÍfy©³Kiv n‡q‡Q|

K Pvi gv‡mi Kg mgq a‡i GK”QÎfv‡e gvZ… y» cvb|

W n«vmK…Z eqmmxgv gv_vq †i‡L †hme †`k wfUvwgb ÔGÕ m¤ú~iK Kvh©μg Pvjv‡”Q| GLv‡b j¶¨gvÎvwU eënvi Kiv n‡q‡Q|# G eQi cÖwZ‡e`‡b ÔAch©vß IRbÕ msμvšÍ cwimsL¨vbwU ywU wfbœ wb‡`©wkZ Rb‡Mvôxi †¶‡Î GKB m~PK eënvi K‡i‡Q| GB wfbœZvi Kvi‡Y †hme DcvË GLv‡b Dc¯’vwcZ n‡q‡Q Zv GKwU-AciwUi m‡½ A_ev

GB cÖwZ‡e`‡biB c~‡e©i ms¯‹iY¸‡jvi m‡½ K‡Vvifv‡e Zzjbxq bq| WweøDGBPI PvBì †MÖv_ ÷¨vÛvW©m μ‡gB RvqMv wb‡q wb‡”Q wek¦e¨vcx eëüZ GbwmGBPGm/WweøDGBPI wb‡`©wkZ Rb‡Mvôx| G m¤úwK©Zc~Y©v½ eY©bvi Rb¨ †`Lyb DcvË m¤ú‡K© mvaviY UxKv, c„ôv 114|

ÔIRb n«vmÕ Ges ÔevavcÖvß D”PZvÕ wel‡q eëüZ DcvË GKB wb‡`©wkZ Rb‡Mvôx‡K †evSvq Ges †mKvi‡YB G‡K-Ac‡ii m‡½ Ges GB cÖwZ‡e`‡bi Av‡Mi ms¯‹iY¸‡jv‡Z cÖKvwkZ Dcv‡Ëi m‡½ Zzjbxq|

‡ 2007 mv‡j Kgc‡¶ GK †WvRcÖvß wkï‡ì kZKiv nvi wb‡`©k Kiv n‡q‡Q (cÖwZ‡e`bwU ˆZwii mgq me©mv¤cÖwZK mg‡q cÖvß Z_¨)|

2005 mv‡j yB gvÎv wfUvwgb G cvIqv wkïi kZKiv nv‡ii me‡P‡q wbgœ Ask| Ô0Õ Gi A_© 2005 mv‡j gvÎ GKevi †c‡qwQj|

* Kjvg-wk‡ivbv‡g DwjøwLZ mgqmxgvi g‡a¨ me©mv¤cÖwZK eQi¸‡jv‡Z cÖvß DcvË wb‡`©k K‡i|

** Pxb ev‡`

BD‡μb 4 6 49 11 – 1y 0y 0y 3y – – 18mshy³ Avie AvwgivZ 15x 34x 52x 29x – 14x 3x 15x 17x – – –hy³ivR¨ 8 – – – – – – – – – – –ZvÄvwbqv, mshy³ cÖRvZš¿ 10 41 91 55 17 22 4 3 38 93 93 43hy³ivóª 8 – – – 1y 2y 0y 0y 1y – – –Diæ¸‡q 8 54 32 31 – 5 1 2 11 – – –DR‡ewK¯Ívb 5 26 45 38 4 5 1 3 15 84 84 53fvbyqvZz 6 50x – – – – – – – – – –†f‡bRy‡qjv (ewjfvwiqvb cÖRvZš¿) 9 7x 50x 31x – 5 – 4 12 – – 90xwf‡qZbvg 7 17 70 23 – 20 5 8 36 95 95w 93D‡q‡gb 32x – – – 42 46 15 12 53 47 47w 30Rvw¤^qv 12 61 93 42 15 19 3 5 39 95 95 77wR¤^vey‡q 11 22 79 – 12 17 3 6 29 83 83 91



% 2000-2007*



(6-9 gvm)


(20-23 gvm)





gvSvwi I Zxeª


Ach©vß IRb#

(WweøDGBPI)


gvSvwi I ZxeªZxeª

D”PZvevavcÖvß


gvSvwi I Zxeª




mviwY 3: ¯^v¯’¨

AvdMvwb Ívb 22 37 17 30 45 25 0 77 93 83 83 70 83 – 73 28 – 48 – – –Avj‡ewbqv 97 97 97 97 98 97 100 98 98 98 99 97 98 – 87 45 38 50 – – –Avj‡Rwiqv 85 87 81 94 98 87 100 99 98 95 95 92 90 – 70 53 59 24 – – –G¨v‡Ûviv 100 100 100 100 100 100 – – 98 96 96 94 91 95 – – – – – – –G¨v‡½vjv 51 62 39 50 79 16 18 88 99 83 83 88 83 83 81 58 – 32 21 18 29G¨vw›U¸qv I eviey v – 95 – – 98 – – – 99 99 98 99 97 99 – – – – – – –Av‡R©w›Ubv 96 98 80 91 92 83 – 99 94 96 94 99 92 96 – – – – – – –Av‡g©wbqv 98 99 96 91 96 81 33 94 96 88 90 92 85 – – 36 11 59 – – –A‡÷ªwjqv 100 100 100 100 100 100 88 – 97 92 92 94 94 94 – – – – – – –Aw÷ªqv 100 100 100 100 100 100 – – 95 85 85 79 85 85 – – – – – – –AvRvievBRvb 78 95 59 80 90 70 72 98 97 95 97 97 97 – – 36 – 45 12x 1x 1xevnvgv – 98 – 100 100 100 100 – 99 95 95 96 93 95 93 – – – – – –evnivBb – 100 – – 100 – 100 – 97 97 97 99 97 97 66 – – – – – –evsjv‡`k 80 85 78 36 48 32 60 97 97 90 96 88 90 – 91 30 22 49 – – –eviev‡Wvm 100 100 100 99 99 100 – – 93 93 93 75 93 93 – – – – – – –†ejviæm 100 100 99 93 91 97 100 98 99 95 90 99 91 – – 90 67 54 – – –†ejwRqvg – 100 – – – – – – 99 99 99 92 94 98 – – – – – – –†ewjR – 100 – – – – 100 99 98 96 97 96 96 96 85 71 44 – – – –†ewbb 65 78 57 30 59 11 11 88 84 67 64 61 67 67 93 36 – 42 47 20 54f‚Uvb 81 98 79 52 71 50 0 94 92 95 93 95 95 – 86 – – – – – –ewjwfqv 86 96 69 43 54 22 100 93 94 81 79 81 81 81 71 52 – 54 – – –emwbqv I nvi‡R‡Mvwfbv 99 100 98 95 99 92 95 98 96 95 95 96 94 95 – 91 73 53 – – –†evZ‡mvqvbv 96 100 90 47 60 30 100 99 98 97 97 90 85 – 78 14 – 7 – – –eªvwRj 91 97 58 77 84 37 – 99 98 98 99 99 95 98 93 46x 15x 28x – – –eªæ‡bB `viæmmvjvg – – – – – – – 96 99 99 99 97 99 99 65 – – – – – –eyj‡Mwiqv 99 100 97 99 100 96 100 98 96 95 95 96 95 – – – – – – – –eyiwKbv dv‡mv 72 97 66 13 41 6 23 99 99 99 99 94 99 99 80 39 15 42 18 10 48eyiæwÛ 71 84 70 41 44 41 – 84 86 74 64 75 74 74 78 38 26 23 13 8 30K‡¤^vwWqv 65 80 61 28 62 19 17 90 87 82 82 79 82 – 87 48 – 50 88 4 0K¨v‡giæb 70 88 47 51 58 42 40 81 90 82 81 74 82 – 81 35 38 22 27 13 58KvbvWv 100 100 99 100 100 99 – – 97 94 90 94 14 94 – – – – – – –†Kc fv‡`© – – – – – – 90 86 83 81 81 74 79 – 77 51 – – – – –ga¨ Avwd«Kvb cÖRvZš¿ 66 90 51 31 40 25 1 74 65 54 47 62 – – 54 32 39 47 33 15 57Pv` 48 71 40 9 23 4 80 40 45 20 36 23 – – 60 12 – 27 27x 1x 53xwPwj 95 98 72 94 97 74 – 98 95 94 94 91 94 94 – – – – – – –Pxb 88 98 81 65 74 59 – 94 94 93 94 94 92 – – – – – – – –Kjw¤^qv 93 99 77 78 85 58 100 93 97 93 93 95 93 93 78 62 – 39 24x – –K‡gviæm 85 91 81 35 49 26 0 77 79 75 75 65 75 – 89 49 – 31 36x 9x 63xK‡½v 71 95 35 20 19 21 100 86 80 80 80 67 80 – 90 48 – 39 68 6 48KzK ØxccyÄÖRvZš¿ 95 98 88 100 100 100 100 99 99 99 99 98 99 – – – – – – – –†Kv÷vwiKv 98 99 96 96 96 95 – 91 90 89 89 90 89 88 – – – – – – –AvBfwi †Kv÷ 81 98 66 24 38 12 31 94 93 76 75 67 76 – 76 35 19 45 17 3 36†μv‡qwkqv 99 100 98 99 99 98 100 99 98 96 96 96 95 96 – – – – – – –wKDev 91 95 78 98 99 95 99 99 97 93 99 99 93 97 – – – – – – –mvBcÖvm 100 100 100 100 100 100 36 – 99 97 97 87 93 90 – – – – – – –†PK cÖRvZš¿ 100 100 100 99 100 98 100 99 98 99 99 97 99 99 – – – – – – –†Kvwiqv, MYZvwš¿K cÖRvZš¿ 100 100 100 – – – – 96 93 92 99 99 92 – 91 93 – – – – –K‡½v, MYZvwš¿K cÖRvZš¿ 46 82 29 31 42 25 0 94 95 87 87 79 87 – 81 42 – 17 19 6 30†WbgvK© 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 – 97 75 75 89 – 75 – – – – – – –wReywZ 92 98 54 67 76 11 0 90 92 88 88 74 25 25 77 62 43 33 9 1 10†WvwgwbKv – 100 – – – – 100 90 93 96 93 96 93 93 – – – – – – –†WvwgwbKvb cÖRvZš¿ 95 97 91 79 81 74 – 92 87 79 83 96 70 59 85 64 – 42 – – –BKz‡qWi 95 98 91 84 91 72 – 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 67 – – – – – –wgki 98 99 98 66 85 52 100 98 98 98 98 97 98 – 85 63 – 27 – – –Gj mvjfvì 84 94 68 86 90 80 100 93 98 96 96 98 96 96 87 62 – – – – –BKz‡q‡Uvwiqvj wMwb 43 45 42 51 60 46 100 73 65 33 39 51 – – 62 – – 36 15x 1x 49xBwiwÎqv 60 74 57 5 14 3 – 99 99 97 96 95 97 – 80 44 – 54 12x 4x 4xG¨v‡¯Ívwbqv 100 100 99 95 96 94 100 98 98 95 95 96 95 95 – – – – – – –Bw_Iwcqv 42 96 31 11 27 8 0 72 81 73 71 65 73 73 85 19 5 15 35 33 10wdwR 47 43 51 71 87 55 100 90 82 83 84 81 84 83 94 – – – – – –wdbj¨vÛ 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 97 99 99 97 98 – 97 – – – – – – –

miKvwi A_©vq‡bwbqwgZ BwcAvBwUKv`vb †mev

MÖnxZv (%) 2007

†gvU

cvbxq R‡ji DbœZDrm eënviKvix

(%)2006

†gvU bMi MÖvg

ch©vß cqteë¯’veënviKvix

(%)2006

†gvU bMi MÖvg

†ivM cÖwZ‡ivax wUKv 2007wUKvMÖnxZv: GK eQ‡ii wkï

wUKvi bvg h_vμ‡g:†`k I AÂj

beRvZKabyósKvicÖwZ‡laKwb‡q‡Qλ

%

h²v wWwcwU †cvwjI nvg †nc-we wne

wewmwR wWwcwU1β wWwcwU3β †cvwjI3 nvg †ncvwe3 wne3

Ab~aŸ©-5 eQieqmx wkï

Wvqwiqv AvμvšÍn‡j LvIqvim vjvBb I

¯vfvweK Lvevicvq %

2000-2007*

Ab~aŸ©-5eQi eqmx

wkïgkvwii

wb‡P Nygvq%

Ab~aŸ©-5eQi eqmxKxUbvk‡K

RvwiZgkvwii

wb‡P Nygvq%

Ab~aŸ©-5eQi eqmxR¡‡i AvμvšÍ

Ig v‡jwiqviIlya Lv‡”Q

%

g¨v‡jwiqv 2003-2007*m¤¢ve¨wbD‡gvwbqv

AvμvšÍAb~aŸ©-5

wkï‡K mwVKG vw›Uev‡qwUK† qv n‡q‡Q±

%

m¤¢ve wbD‡gv-wbqv AvμvšÍ

Ab~aŸ©-5 wkï‡KmwVK v ’ ‡mev

cÖ vbKvixiKv‡Q †bqvn‡q‡Q±

%

2000-2007*

126 w e k¦ w k ï c w i w ¯’ w Z 2 0 0 9

... mviwY 3

d«vÝ 100 100 100 – – – 10 84 98 98 98 87 29 87 – – – – – – –M¨veb 87 95 47 36 37 30 100 89 69 38 31 55 38 – 67 48 – 44 – – –Mvw¤^qv 86 91 81 52 50 55 8 95 90 90 85 85 90 90 90 69 61 38 63 49 63RwR©qv 99 100 97 93 94 92 43 96 99 98 88 97 94 – – 74 56 37 – – –Rvg©vbx 100 100 100 100 100 100 – – 98 97 97 94 87 94 – – – – – – –Nvbv 80 90 71 10 15 6 54 99 96 94 94 95 94 94 88 34 33 29 33 22 61MÖxm 100 100 99 98 99 97 – 88 96 88 87 88 88 88 – – – – – – –†MÖbvWv – 97 – 97 96 97 100 – 91 99 99 98 99 99 – – – – – – –¸qv‡Zgvjv 96 99 94 84 90 79 – 97 94 82 82 93 82 82 80 64 – 22x 6x 1x –wMwb 70 91 59 19 33 12 70 91 96 75 62 71 83 – 95 42 – 38 12 1 44wMwb-wemvD 57 82 47 33 48 26 0 89 83 63 64 76 – – 92 57 42 25 73 39 46Mvqvbv 93 98 91 81 85 80 100 97 96 94 94 96 94 94 91 64 20 40 – – –nvBwZ 58 70 51 19 29 12 0 75 83 53 52 58 – – 43 31 3 43 – – 5nwj wm – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 56 54 49 – – –ûÛzivm 84 95 74 66 78 55 100 91 95 86 86 89 86 86 94 – – – – – 1nv‡½ix 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 99 99 99 99 99 – 99 – – – – – – –AvBmj¨vÛ 100 100 100 100 100 100 – – 97 97 97 95 – 97 – – – – – – –fviZ 89 96 86 28 52 18 100 85 81 62 62 67 6 – 86 69 13 33 – – 8B‡›`v‡bwkqv 80 89 71 52 67 37 92 91 91 75 83 80 74 – 83 61 – 56 32x 0x 1xBivb (Bmjvgx cÖRvZš¿) – 99 – – – – 100 99 99 99 98 97 97 – 83 93 – – – – –BivK 77 88 56 76 80 69 100 92 84 62 66 69 58 – 69 82 82 64 7x 0x 1xAvqvij¨vÛ – 100 – – – – – 93 97 92 92 87 – 92 – – – – – – –BmivBj 100 100 100 – 100 – – – 98 96 95 97 99 95 – – – – – – –BZvjx – 100 – – – – – – 98 96 96 87 96 95 – – – – – – –R¨vgvBKv 93 97 88 83 82 84 100 87 85 85 85 76 85 85 54 75 52 39 – – –Rvcvb 100 100 100 100 100 100 – – 99 98 95 98 – – – – – – – – –RW©vb 98 99 91 85 88 71 100 90 99 98 98 95 98 98 87 75 87 44 – – –KvRvL¯Ívb 96 99 91 97 97 98 – 99 97 93 94 99 94 – – 71 32 48 – – –†Kwbqv 57 85 49 42 19 48 – 92 89 81 76 80 81 81 74 49 – 33 15 6 27wKwievwZ 65 77 53 33 46 20 100 90 99 94 93 93 96 – – – – – – – –Kz‡qZ – – – – – – – – 99 99 99 99 99 99 83 – – – – – –wKiwMR Ívb 89 99 83 93 94 93 50 98 98 94 94 99 94 – – 62 45 22 – – –jvI RbMYZvwš¿K cÖRvZš¿ 60 86 53 48 87 38 13 56 59 50 46 40 50 – 47 36 – 37 82x 18x 9xjvUwfqv 99 100 96 78 82 71 100 99 98 98 98 97 97 97 – – – – – – –†jevbb 100 100 100 – 100 – 100 – 90 74 74 53 74 74 – 74 – – – – –†j‡m‡_v 78 93 74 36 43 34 1 96 95 83 80 85 85 – 76 59 – 53 – – –jvB‡ewiqv 64 72 52 32 49 7 1 86 99 88 84 95 – – 89 70 – – – – 59wjweqv Avie Rvgvwnwiqv – – – 97 97 96 100 99 98 98 98 98 98 56 – – – – – – –wjL‡Ubw÷b – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –wj_yqvwbqv – – – – – – 100 99 99 95 95 97 96 95 – – – – – – –jy‡·gevM© 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 – 99 99 99 96 87 99 – – – – – – –gv`vMv¯‹vi 47 76 36 12 18 10 26 94 92 82 81 81 82 – 72 48 – 47 30x 0x 34xgvjvDwq 76 96 72 60 51 62 33 95 96 87 88 83 87 87 86 52 30 27 31 25 25gvj‡qwkqv 99 100 96 94 95 93 – 99 88 96 96 90 87 89 89 – – – – – –gvjØxc 83 98 76 59 100 42 100 99 99 98 98 97 98 – 94 22 – – – – –gvwj 60 86 48 45 59 39 100 77 83 68 62 68 68 44 89 38 – 38 41 27 32gvëv 100 100 100 – 100 – 80 – 84 74 76 79 82 72 – – – – – – –gvk©vj ØxccyÄ – – – – – – 3 92 99 93 91 94 93 83 – – – – – – –†gŠwiZvwbqv 60 70 54 24 44 10 100 92 92 75 75 67 74 – 60 45 24 9 43 – 21gwikvm 100 100 100 94 95 94 100 98 97 97 96 98 97 96 86 – – – – – –†gw·‡Kv 95 98 85 81 91 48 – 99 99 98 98 96 98 98 87 – – – – – –gvB‡μv‡bwmqv(†dWv‡i‡UW iv÷ª) 94 95 94 25 61 14 5 82 92 79 79 92 90 79 – – – – – – –gj‡`vfv, cÖRvZš¿ 90 96 85 79 85 73 – 98 95 92 94 96 95 – – 60 – 48 – – –†gvbv‡Kv – 100 – – 100 – – 90 99 99 99 99 99 99 – – – – – – –g‡½vwjqv 72 90 48 50 64 31 19 99 95 95 99 98 98 78 – 63 71 47 – – –g‡›Uwb‡MÖv 98 100 96 91 96 86 100 98 98 92 92 90 90 89 – 89 57 64 – – –gi‡°v 83 100 58 72 85 54 100 96 98 95 95 95 95 90 85 38 – 46 – – –†gvRvw¤^K 42 71 26 31 53 19 – 87 88 72 70 77 72 – 82 55 – 47 10 – 15gvqvbgvi 80 80 80 82 85 81 – 89 89 86 84 81 85 – 91 66 – 65 – – –bvwgweqv 93 99 90 35 66 18 100 95 88 86 81 69 – – 82 72 14 39 12 11 10bvDiæ – – – – – – 100 99 99 99 99 99 99 – – – – – – – –



MÖnxZv (%) 2007

†gvU


(%)2006

†gvU bMi MÖvg


(%)2006

†gvU bMi MÖvg


wUKvi bvg h_vμ‡g:


%





¯vfvweK Lvevicvq %

2000-2007*

Ab~aŸ©-5eQi eqmx

wkïgkvwii

wb‡P Nygvq%


RvwiZgkvwii

wb‡P Nygvq%



%


AvμvšÍAb~aŸ©-5


%




%

2000-2007*

mviwY 3: ¯^v¯’¨

†bcvj 89 94 88 27 45 24 29 89 85 82 82 81 82 – 83 43 25 37 – – 0†b`vij¨vÛm 100 100 100 100 100 100 – – 98 96 96 96 – 96 – – – – – – –wbDwRj¨vÛ – 100 – – – – 100 – 91 88 88 79 88 78 – – – – – – –wbKviv¸qv 79 90 63 48 57 34 49 99 94 87 88 99 87 87 94 57 – 49 – – 2xbvBRvi 42 91 32 7 27 3 0 64 58 39 55 47 – – 72 47 – 34 15 7 33bvB‡Rwiqv 47 65 30 30 35 25 – 69 72 54 61 62 41 – 53 33 – 28 6 1 34bvBD 100 100 100 100 100 100 – 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 – – – – – – –biI‡q 100 100 100 – – – 60 – 97 93 93 92 – 95 – – – – – – –AwaK…Z wdwjw¯Íb f‚LÛ 89 90 88 80 84 69 – 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 – 65 – – – – –Igvb – – – – 97 – – 99 99 99 97 97 99 99 95 – – – – – –cvwK Ívb 90 95 87 58 90 40 31 89 90 83 83 80 83 – 81 69 50 37 2 – 3cvjvD 89 79 94 67 96 52 0 – 99 94 94 91 91 95 – – – – – – –cvbvgv 92 96 81 74 78 63 – 99 99 88 88 89 88 88 – – – – – – –cvcyqv wbD wMwb 40 88 32 45 67 41 100 67 76 60 61 58 59 – 60 75x – – – – –c¨viv¸‡q 77 94 52 70 89 42 – 68 86 66 65 80 66 66 81 51x 29x – – – –†ciæ 84 92 63 72 85 36 – 97 95 80 95 99 80 80 82 67 – 57 – – –wdwjcvBb 93 96 88 78 81 72 100 90 90 87 87 92 88 – 65 55 – 76 – – 0†cvj¨vÛ – 100 – – – – – 93 99 99 99 98 98 88 – – – – – – –cZ©yMvj 99 99 100 99 99 98 – 98 94 97 96 95 97 97 – – – – – – –KvZvi 100 100 100 100 100 100 8 96 96 94 97 92 94 94 – – – – – – –†Kvwiqv, cÖRvZš¿ – 97 – – – – – 96 95 91 91 92 91 – – – – – – – –iægvwbqv 88 99 76 72 88 54 – 99 98 97 96 97 99 – – – – – – – –iæk †dWv‡ikb 97 100 88 87 93 70 – 96 98 98 99 99 98 – – – – – – – –iæqvÛv 65 82 61 23 34 20 24 89 96 97 98 99 97 96 82 28 – 24 16 13 12†m›U wKUm&& I †bwfm 99 99 99 96 96 96 – 97 99 99 99 99 99 99 – – – – – – –†m›U jywmqv 98 98 98 – – – 100 99 99 99 99 94 99 99 – – – – – – –†m›U wfb‡m›U I †MÖbvWvBbm&& – – – – – 96 100 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 – – – – – – –mv‡gvqv 88 90 87 100 100 100 – 91 85 71 71 63 69 – 5 – – – – – –mvb g¨vwi‡bv – – – – – – – – 92 92 92 92 92 92 – – – – – – –mvI‡Uv‡g I wcÖwÝ‡c 86 88 83 24 29 18 50 98 99 97 98 86 99 – – 47 – 63 53 42 25†mŠw` Avie – 97 – – 100 – 100 96 97 96 96 96 96 96 – – – – – – –†m‡bMvj 77 93 65 28 54 9 31 99 99 94 93 84 94 94 86 47 – 43 28 16 22mvwe©qv 99 99 98 92 96 88 100 98 97 94 93 95 99 89 – 93 57 71 – – –wmwmwj – 100 – – – 100 100 99 99 99 99 99 99 – – – – – – – –wm‡qiv wjIb 53 83 32 11 20 5 0 82 77 64 64 67 64 64 94 48 21 31 20 5 52wm½vcyi – 100 – – 100 – – 98 97 96 96 95 95 – – – – – – – –†møvfvwKqv 100 100 100 100 100 99 100 98 99 99 99 99 99 99 – – – – – – –†møv‡fwbqv – – – – – – 60 – 98 97 98 96 – 98 – – – – – – –m‡jvgb ØxdcyÄ 70 94 65 32 98 18 0 84 84 79 77 78 79 – 84 – – – – – –†mvgvwjqv 29 63 10 23 51 7 – 52 58 39 39 34 – – 68 13 32 7 18 11 8`wÿY Avwd«Kv 93 100 82 59 66 49 100 99 99 97 97 83 97 97 72 75x – 37x – – –†¯úb 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 – 98 96 96 97 96 96 – – – – – – –kªxj¼v 82 98 79 86 89 86 31 99 99 98 98 98 98 – 91 58 – – 62 3 0my vb 70 78 64 35 50 24 0 83 95 84 84 79 78 – 72 57 – 38 23x 0x 50xmywibvg 92 97 79 82 89 60 100 – 96 84 84 85 84 84 93 74 37 28 – – –†mvqvwRj¨vÛ 60 87 51 50 64 46 100 99 97 95 95 91 95 – 86 73 24 22 1 1 1myB‡Wb 100 100 100 100 100 100 – 18 99 99 99 96 4 99 – – – – – – –myBRvij¨vÛ 100 100 100 100 100 100 5 – 97 93 94 86 – 92 – – – – – – –wmwiqv Avie cÖRvZš¿ 89 95 83 92 96 88 100 99 99 99 99 98 98 99 92 77 71 34 – – –ZvRvwK Ívb 67 93 58 92 95 91 10 83 88 86 85 85 84 – – 64 41 22 2 1 2_vBj¨vÛ 98 99 97 96 95 96 – 99 99 98 98 96 96 – 89 84 65 46 – – –†gwm‡Wvwbqvi mv‡eK

hy‡Mvmøvf cÖRvZš¿ 100 100 99 89 92 81 100 95 98 95 96 96 96 – – 93 74 45 – – –wZgyi-†jm_&& 62 77 56 41 64 32 – 74 76 70 70 63 – – 59 24 – – 48x 8x 47xU‡Mv 59 86 40 12 24 3 97 91 94 88 78 80 – – 82 23 26 22 41 38 48†Uv½v 100 100 100 96 98 96 56 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 – – – – – – –wÎwb`v` I †Uvev‡Mv 94 97 93 92 92 92 – – 90 88 90 91 89 88 – 74 34 32 – – –wZDwbwmqv 94 99 84 85 96 64 100 99 99 98 98 98 98 – 96 43 – – – – –Zzi¯‹ 97 98 95 88 96 72 100 94 98 96 96 96 96 76 69 41 – 19x – – –ZzK©‡gwb¯Ívb – – – – – – 77 99 99 98 98 99 98 – – 83 50 25 – – –Uzfv‡jv 93 94 92 89 93 84 10 99 99 97 97 95 97 – – – – – – – –DMvÛv 64 90 60 33 29 34 15 90 90 64 59 68 68 68 85 73 47 39 22 10 61

128 w e k¦ w k ï c w i w ¯’ w Z 2 0 0 9


MÖnxZv (%) 2007

†gvU


(%)2006

†gvU bMi MÖvg


(%)2006

†gvU bMi MÖvg




%





¯vfvweK Lvevicvq %

2000-2007*

Ab~aŸ©-5eQi eqmx

wkïgkvwii

wb‡P Nygvq%


RvwiZgkvwii

wb‡P Nygvq%



%


AvμvšÍAb~aŸ©-5


%




%

2000-2007*

... mviwY 3

BD‡μb 97 97 97 93 97 83 – 97 98 98 99 98 96 11 – – – – – – –mshy³ Avie AvwgivZ 100 100 100 97 98 95 – 98 97 92 94 92 92 92 – – – – – – –hy³ivR¨ 100 100 100 – – – 100 – 97 92 92 86 – 92 – – – – – – –ZvÄvwbqv, mshy³ cÖRvZš¿ 55 81 46 33 31 34 75 89 89 83 88 90 83 – 88 59 – 53 31 16 58hy³ivóª 99 100 94 100 100 99 – – 99 96 92 93 92 94 – – – – – – –Diæ¸‡q 100 100 100 100 100 99 100 99 98 94 94 96 94 94 – – – – – – –DR‡ewK Ívb 88 98 82 96 97 95 64 99 94 96 98 99 98 – – 68 56 28 – – –fvbyqvZz – – – – – – 100 82 79 76 76 65 76 – 88 – – – – – –†f‡bRy‡qjv(ewjfvwiqvb cÖRvZš¿) – – – – – – – 83 78 71 73 55 71 71 51 72 – 51 – – –

wf‡qZbvg 92 98 90 65 88 56 87 94 92 92 92 83 67 – 86 83 55 65 95 5 3D‡q‡gb 66 68 65 46 88 30 31 64 94 87 87 74 87 87 52 – 38 48 – – –Rvw¤^qv 58 90 41 52 55 51 24 92 92 80 77 85 80 80 89 68 – 48 34 29 38wR¤^vey‡q 81 98 72 46 63 37 0 76 77 62 66 66 62 – 78 25 8 47 7 3 5

mvims‡¶c m~PKAvwd«Kvi Dc-mvnviv AÂj 58 81 45 30 42 24 31 83 85 73 74 73 67 34 76 40 – 31 21 12 34c~e© I `w¶Y Avwd«Kv 59 88 48 34 48 28 32 86 88 78 77 77 77 55 81 45 – 33 24 19 29cwðg I ga¨ Avwd«Kv 56 77 41 27 37 20 30 80 82 69 71 69 58 16 71 37 – 29 18 8 38

ga¨cÖvP¨ I DËi Avwd«Kv 87 94 78 73 87 53 81 92 96 91 92 89 89 32 77 68 – 39 – – –`w¶Y Gwkqv 87 94 84 33 57 23 83 87 84 69 69 71 29 – 85 63 18 35 – – –c~e© Gwkqv I cÖkvšÍ gnvmvMixq AÂj88 96 81 66 75 59 – 93 93 89 91 90 87 2 – 65** – 61** – – –j¨vwUb Av‡gwiKv I K¨vwiexq AÂj 92 97 73 79 86 52 – 96 95 92 93 93 89 90 83 – – – – – –wmBB/wmAvBGm 94 99 86 89 94 81 81 96 97 96 97 97 96 23 – 57 – – – – –wk‡ívbœZ †`kmg~n§ 100 100 98 100 100 99 – – 98 96 94 93 65 84 – – – – – – –Dbœqbkxj †`kmg~n§ 84 94 76 53 71 39 70 89 89 80 81 81 65 21 81 57** – 38** – – –¯^‡ívbœZ †`kmg~n§ 62 81 55 33 49 27 28 85 89 79 79 76 75 28 81 42 – 37 – – –wek¦ 87 96 78 62 79 45 71 89 90 81 82 82 65 26 81 57** – 38** – – –


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** Pxb ev‡`|


cvbxq R‡ji DbœZ Drm Ges ch©vßcqteë¯’v - BDwb‡md, wek¦ ¯^v¯’¨ ms¯’v(û), gvwë‡cj BwÛ‡KUi K¬v÷vi mv‡f©(GgAvBwmGm) Ges RbmsL¨v I ¯^v¯’¨Rwic (wWGBPGm)|

miKvwi A_©vq‡b wUKv`vb - BDwb‡md I û|

wUKv`vb - BDwb‡md I û|

m¤¢ve¨ wbD‡gvwbqv - wWGBPGm,GgAvBwmGm Ges Ab¨vb¨ RvZxq LvbvRwic|

LvIqvi m¨vjvBb - wWGBPGm IGgAvBwmGm|

g¨v‡jwiqv - wWGBPGm I GgAvBwmGm|

m~P‡Ki msÁv

miKvwi A_©vq‡b wUKv`vb - wkï myi¶vi Rb¨ †Kv‡bv †`‡k wbqwgZ wUKv †Ìqvi kZKiv wnmve Ges hv miKv‡ii A_©vq‡b m¤úbœ nq (FYmn)|

BwcAvB (G·c¨vb‡WW †cÖvMÖvg Ab BwgDbvB‡Rkb) - GB we¯Í…Z Kg©m~wP‡Z AšÍf©y³ wUKvmg~n n‡”Q h²v, ûwcsKvwk, abyósKvvi, †cvwjI, nvg Ges beRvKZ‡K abyóKvsKvi†_‡K i¶vi Rb¨ Mf©eZx gv‡K abyósKv‡ii wUKv †Ìqv nq| K‡qKwU †`‡k Ab¨vb¨ †ivM cÖwZ‡ivaK wUKv †hgb RwÛm-we (†ncwe), cxZR¡i (wne) Kg©m~wP‡Z AšÍfy©³ Kivn‡q‡Q|

wewmwR - KZ kZvsk wkï h²vi wUKv †c‡q‡Q|

wWwcwU1 - KZ kZvsk wkï wWc‡_wiqv, ûwcsKvwk, abyósKvi cÖwZ‡laK wUKvi cÖ_g gvÎv †c‡q‡Q|

wWwcwU3 - KZ ksZvsk wkï wWc‡_wiqv, ûwcsKvwk, abyósKvi cÖwZ‡laK wUKvi wZbwU gvÎv †c‡q‡Q|

†ncwe3 - KZ kZvsk wkï RwÛm-we fvBiv‡mi cÖwZ‡laK wUKvi wZbwU gvÎv †c‡q‡Q|

wne3 - KZ kZvsk wkï cxZR¡‡ii cÖwZ‡laK wUKvi wZwbwU gvÎv †c‡q‡Q|

% Ab‚aŸ©-5 eQi eqmx m¤¢ve¨ wbD‡gvwbqv AvμvšÍ wkï‡K mwVK G¨vwUev‡qvwUK †Ìqv n‡q‡Q - Rwi‡ci yB mßvn c~‡e© KZ kZvsk m¤¢ve¨ wbD‡gvwbqv AvμvšÍ wkï ( eqm 0-4)G¨vw›Uev‡qvwUK wb‡”Q|

% Ab~aŸ©-5 eQi eqmx m¤¢ve¨ wbD‡gvwbqv AvμvšÍ wkï‡K mwVK ^v ’ †mev cÖ vbKvixi Kv‡Q †bIqv n‡q‡Q - Rwi‡ci yB mßvn c~‡e© KZ kZvsk m¤¢ve¨ wbD‡gvwbqv AvμvšÍwkï‡K (eqm 0-4) Dchy³ †Kv‡bv ¯^v¯’¨ †mev`vbKvixi Kv‡Q †bIqv n‡q‡Q|

g¨v‡jwiqv:

% Ab~aŸ©-5 eQi eqmx wkï gkvwii wb‡P Nygvq - KZ kZvsk wkï (eqm 0-4) gkvwii wb‡P Nygvq|

% Ab~aŸ©-5 eQi eqmx wkï KxUbvk‡K Rviv‡bv gkvwii wb‡P Nygvq - KZ kZvsk wkï (emq 0-4) KxUbvk‡K Rviv‡bv gkvwii wb‡P Nygvq|

% Ab~aŸ©-5 eQi eqmx R¡‡i AvμvšÍ wkï g¨v‡jwiqvi Ilya cv‡”Q - KZ kZvsk wkï (eqm 0-4) Rwi‡ci yB mßvn c~‡e© R¡‡i fy‡M‡Q Ges †Kv‡bv g¨v‡jwiqv cÖwZ‡ivax (¯’vbxqfv‡e wb‡`©wkZ) Ilya †c‡q‡Q|



MÖnxZv (%) 2007

†gvU


(%)2006

†gvU bMi MÖvg


(%)2006

†gvU bMi MÖvg




%





¯vfvweK Lvevicvq %

2000-2007*

Ab~aŸ©-5eQi eqmx

wkïgkvwii

wb‡P Nygvq%


RvwiZgkvwii

wb‡P Nygvq%



%


AvμvšÍAb~aŸ©-5


%




%

2000-2007*

D”P SuywKc~Y©me©‡kl †hŠb

m¤ú‡K© KbWgeënvi K‡i‡Q

hviv %2002-2007*

wkï‡ì g‡a¨msμgY

GBPAvBwfwb‡q emevmiZwkïi (0-14

eQi)wnmveK…Z

msL¨v2007 (nvRvi)

mviwY 4: GBPAvBwf/GBWm

AvdMvwb¯Ívb – – – – – – – – – – – – 2100 –Avj‡ewbqv – – <1.0 – – – – – 6 – – – – –Avj‡Rwiqv 0.1 21 11–43 6.0 – 0.1 0.1 – 13 – – – 570 –G¨v‡Ûviv – – – – – – – – – – – – – –G¨v‡½vjv 2.1 190 150–240 110 17 0.2 0.3 – – – – 50 1200 90xG¨vw›U¸qv I eviey v – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Av‡R©w›Ubv 0.5 120 90–150 32 – 0.6 0.3 – – – – – 610 –Av‡g©wbqv 0.1 2.4 1.8–3.5 <1.0 – 0.2 0.1 15 23 86 – – 50 –A‡÷ªwjqv 0.2 18 11–36 1.2 – 0.2 <0.1 – – – – – 140 –Aw÷ªqv 0.2 9.8 7.6–13 2.9 – 0.2 0.1 – – – – – 52 –AvRvievBRvb 0.2 7.8 4.7–16 1.3 – 0.3 0.1 5 5 31 – – 190 –evnvgv 3.0 6.2 4.0–8.7 1.6 <0.2 3.2 1.5 – – – – – 7 –evnivBb – – – – – – – – – – – – – –evsjv‡`k – 12 7.7–19 2.0 – – – – 16 – – – 5000 84eviev‡Wvm 1.2 2.2 1.5–3.2 <1.0 – 1.3 0.6 – – – – – 3 –†ejviæm 0.2 13 10–19 3.9 – 0.3 0.1 – 34 – – – 190 –†ejwRqvg 0.2 15 8.9–29 4.1 – 0.2 0.1 – – – – – 78 –†ewjR 2.1 3.6 2.2–5.3 2.0 <0.2 0.5 1.5 – 40 – – – 6 –†ewbb 1.2 64 58–73 37 5.4 0.3 0.9 35 16 45 28 29 340 90f‚Uvb 0.1 <0.5 <1.0 <0.1 – 0.1 <0.1 – – – – – 22 –ewjwfqv 0.2 8.1 6.5–11 2.2 – 0.2 0.1 18 15 37 20 – 300 74pemwbqv I nvi‡R‡Mvwfbv <0.1 <0.5 <1.0 – – – – – 48 – 71 – – –†evZ‡mvqvbv 23.9 300 280–310 170 15 5.1 15.3 33x 40x 88x 75x 95 130 99xeªvwRj 0.6 730 600–890 240 – 1.0 0.6 – – 71 58 – 3200 –eªæ‡bB `viæmmvjvg – – – – – – – – – – – – – –eyj‡Mwiqv – – – – – – – 15 17 70 57 – 95 –eyiwKbv dv‡mv 1.6 130 110–160 61 10 0.5 0.9 – 19 – 64 100 690 61peyiæwÛ 2.0 110 78–130 53 15 0.4 1.3 – 30 – 25 120 600 85K‡¤^vwWqv 0.8 75 67–84 20 4.4 0.8 0.3 45 50 84 – – 600 83K¨v‡giæb 5.1 540 430–640 300 45 1.2 4.3 – 32 – 62 300 1100 91KvbvWv 0.4 73 43–110 20 – 0.4 0.2 – – – – – 180 –†Kc fv‡`© – – – – – – – 36 36 79 56 – – –ga¨ Avwd«Kvb cÖRvZš¿ 6.3 160 150–170 91 14 1.1 5.5 27 17 – 41 72 280 96Pv` 3.5 200 130–240 110 19 2.0 2.8 20 8 25 17 85 540 105wPwj 0.3 31 23–39 8.7 – 0.3 0.2 – – – – – 160 –Pxb 0.1 700450–1000 200 – 0.1 0.1 – – – – – 17000 –Kjw¤^qv 0.6 170 110–230 47 – 0.7 0.3 – – – 36 – 790 85K‡gviæm <0.1 <0.2 <1.0 <0.1 – 0.1 <0.1 – 10x – – <0.1 27 –K‡½v 3.5 79 65–94 43 6.6 0.8 2.3 35 26 36 16 69 210 88KzK ØxccyÄÖRvZš¿ – – – – – – – – – – – – – –†Kv÷vwiKv 0.4 9.7 6.1–15 2.7 – 0.4 0.2 – – – – – 36 –AvBfwi †Kv÷ 3.9 480 400–550 250 52 0.8 2.4 28 18 53 39 420 1200 83†μv‡qwkqv <0.1 <0.5 <1.0 – – – – – – – – – – –wKDev 0.1 6.2 3.6–12 1.8 – 0.1 0.1 – 52 – – – 99 –mvBcÖvm – – – – – – – – – – – – – –†PK cÖRvZš¿ – 1.5 <1.0–2.8 <0.5 – <0.1 – – – – – – 94 –†Kvwiqv, MYZvwš¿K cÖRvZš¿ – – <0.1 – – – – – – – – – 530 –K‡½v, MYZvwš¿K cÖRvZš¿ – – 400–500 – – – – 21 15 26 17 – 4500 77†WbgvK© 0.2 4.8 3.7–6.9 1.1 – 0.2 0.1 – – – – – 53 –wReywZ 3.1 16 12–19 8.7 1.1 0.7 2.1 – 18 51 26 5 42 –†WvwgwbKv – – – – – – – – – – – – – –†WvwgwbKvb cÖRvZš¿ 1.1 62 52–71 30 2.7 0.3 0.6 34 41 70 44 – 170 96BKz‡qWi 0.3 26 15–40 7.1 – 0.4 0.2 – – – – – 200 –wgki – 9.2 7.2–13 2.6 – – – – 4y – – – 1400 –Gj mvjfvì 0.8 35 24–72 9.7 – 0.9 0.5 – – – – – 130 –BKz‡q‡Uvwiqvj wMwb 3.4 11 8.2–14 5.9 <1.0 0.8 2.5 – 4x – – 5 32 95xBwiwÎqv 1.3 38 25–58 21 3.1 0.3 0.9 – 37 – – 18 280 83G¨v‡¯Ívwbqv 1.3 9.9 5.4–19 2.4 – 1.6 0.7 – – – – – 20 –Bw_Iwcqv 2.1 980880–1100 530 92 0.5 1.5 33 20 50 28 650 5000 90wdwR 0.1 – <0.5 – – 0.1 – – – – – – 22 –wdbj¨vÛ 0.1 2.4 1.4–4.4 <1.0 – 0.1 <0.1 – – – – – 48 –

130 w e k¦ w k ï c w i w ¯’ w Z 2 0 0 9

cÖvßeq¯‹‡ìg‡a¨

wnmveK…ZGBPAvBwfmsμgY nvi (15+ eQi)2007-Gi

†kl

wewfbœKvi‡YGwZgn‡q‡Q2007

GBWm-GiKvi‡YGwZgn‡q‡Q2007

GwZg wkï‡ì¯‹z‡j Dcw¯’wZi

AbycvZ

2002-2007* †`k I AÂj

GBPAvBwf wb‡q emevmiZ meeqmx gvby‡li wnmveK„Z msL¨v,

2007 (nvRvi)

hyeRb‡Mvôxi g‡a¨ msμgY cÖwZ‡iva

gv †_‡K wkï‡ZmsμgY

GBPAvBwf wb‡qemevmiZ bvixi

(15+ eQi) wnmveK„Z msL¨v2007 (nvRvi)

GwZg

wnmveK…Zwbgœ

wnmveK…Z–D”P

wnmveK…Z

GBPAvBwfm¤ú‡K© ch©vßÁvb Av‡Qhv‡ì % 2002-2007*

cyiæl bvix cyiæl bvix wnmve (nvRvi) wnmve (nvRvi)

wkï (0-17 eQi)

cyiæl bvix

hye Rb‡Mvôxig‡a¨ GBPAvBwf

msμgY nvi

2007

... mviwY 4

d«vÝ 0.4 140 78–240 38 – 0.4 0.2 – – – – – 420 –M¨veb 5.9 49 37–68 27 2.3 1.3 3.9 22x 24x 48x 33x 18 67 98xMvw¤^qv 0.9 8.2 3.7–13 4.5 <1.0 0.2 0.6 – 39 – 54 3 48 87RwR©qv 0.1 2.7 1.5–6.1 <1.0 – 0.1 0.1 – 15 – – – 72 –Rvg©vbx 0.1 53 31–97 15 – 0.1 0.1 – – – – – 540 –Nvbv 1.9 260 230–290 150 17 0.4 1.3 33 25 56 42 160 1100 104pMÖxm 0.2 11 6.1–19 3.0 – 0.2 0.1 – – – – – 73 –†MÖbvWv – – – – – – – – – – – – – –¸qv‡Zgvjv 0.8 59 41–84 52 – – 1.5 – – – – – 360 –wMwb 1.6 87 73–110 48 6.3 0.4 1.2 23 17 37 26 25 380 73wMwb-wemvD 1.8 16 11–23 8.7 1.5 0.4 1.2 – 18 – 39 6 110 97Mvqvbv 2.5 13 7.6–18 7.1 <1.0 0.5 1.7 – 50 68 62 – 23 –nvBwZ 2.2 120 100–140 58 6.8 0.6 1.4 40 34 43 29 – 380 86nwj wm – – – – – – – – – – – – – –ûÛzivm 0.7 28 18–44 7.4 1.6 0.7 0.4 – 30 – 24 – 170 108nv‡½ix 0.1 3.3 2.0–5.9 <1.0 – 0.1 <0.1 – – – – – 130 –AvBmj¨vÛ 0.2 <0.5 <1.0 <0.2 – 0.2 0.1 – – – – – 2 –fviZ 0.3 24001800–3200 880 – 0.3 0.3 36 20 37 22 – 25000 72B‡›`v‡bwkqv 0.2 270 190–400 54 – 0.3 0.1 0y 1 – – – 4400 82yBivb (Bmjvgx cÖRvZš¿) 0.2 86 68–110 24 – 0.2 0.1 – – – – – 1300 –BivK – – – – – – – – 3 – – – – 84Avqvij¨vÛ 0.2 5.5 4.1–7.7 1.5 – 0.2 0.1 – – – – – 38 –BmivBj 0.1 5.1 2.5–12 2.9 – <0.1 0.1 – – – – – 44 –BZvjx 0.4 150 110–210 41 – 0.4 0.2 – – – – – 320 –R¨vgvBKv 1.6 27 19–36 7.6 – 1.7 0.9 – 60 – – – 53 –Rvcvb – 9.6 7.9–10 2.3 – – – – – – – – 520 –RW©vb – <1.0 <2.0 – – – – – 3y – – – – –KvRvL¯Ívb 0.1 12 7.0–29 3.3 – 0.2 0.1 – 22 65x 32x – 470 –†Kwbqv – –1500–2000 – – – – 47 34 47 25 – 2500 95wKwievwZ – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Kz‡qZ – <1.0 <2.0 – – – – – – – – – – –wKiwMR¯Ívb 0.1 4.2 2.3–7.7 1.1 – 0.2 0.1 – 20 – 56 – 140 –jvI RbMYZvwš¿K cÖRvZš¿ 0.2 5.5 3.3–13 1.3 – 0.2 0.1 – – – – – 210 –jvUwfqv 0.8 10 7.4–15 2.7 – 0.9 0.5 – – – – – 33 –†jevbb 0.1 3.0 1.7–7.2 <1.0 – 0.1 0.1 – – – – – 71 –†j‡m‡_v 23.2 270 260–290 150 12 5.9 14.9 18 26 53 53 110 160 95jvB‡ewiqv 1.7 35 29–41 19 3.1 0.4 1.3 27 21 22 14 15 270 –wjweqv Avie Rvgvwnwiqv – – – – – – – – – – – – – –wjL‡Ubw÷b – – – – – – – – – – – – – –wj_yqvwbqv 0.1 2.2 1.2–4.6 <1.0 – 0.1 0.1 – – – – – 51 –jy‡·gevM© 0.2 – <1.0 <0.2 – 0.2 0.1 – – – – – 4 –gv`vMv¯‹vi 0.1 14 9.1–23 3.4 <0.5 0.2 0.1 16 19 12 5 3 840 75gvjvDwq 11.9 930860–1000 490 91 2.4 8.4 42 42 58 40 550 1100 97gvj‡qwkqv 0.5 80 52–120 21 – 0.6 0.3 – – – – – 410 –gvjØxc – – <0.1 – – – – – – – – – 9 –gvwj 1.5 100 88–120 56 9.4 0.4 1.1 22 18 36 17 44 550 87gvëv 0.1 <0.5 <1.0 – – 0.1 0.1 – – – – – 3 –gvk©vj ØxccyÄ – – – – – – – 39 27 – – – – –†gŠwiZvwbqv 0.8 14 8.3–26 3.9 <0.5 0.9 0.5 – – – – 3 83 –gwikvm 1.7 13 7.5–28 3.8 <0.1 1.8 1.0 – – – – <0.5 21 –†gw·‡Kv 0.3 200 150–310 57 – 0.3 0.2 – – – – – 1400 –gvB‡μv‡bwmqv(†dWv‡i‡UW iv÷ª) – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

gj‡`vfv, cÖRvZš¿ 0.4 8.9 6.0–15 2.6 – 0.4 0.2 54y 42y 63 44 – 74 –†gvbv‡Kv – – – – – – – – – – – – – –g‡½vwjqv 0.1 <1.0 1.5 <0.2 – 0.1 – – 35 – – – 64 96pg‡›Uwb‡MÖv – – – – – – – – 30 – 66 – – –gi‡°v 0.1 21 15–31 5.9 – 0.1 0.1 – 12 – – – 630 –†gvRvw¤^K 12.5 15001300–1700 810 100 2.9 8.5 33 20 33 29 400 1400 80gvqvbgvi 0.7 240 160–370 100 – 0.7 0.6 – – – – – 1600 –bvwgweqv 15.3 200 160–230 110 14 3.4 10.3 62 65 81 64 66 110 100bvDiæ – – – – – – – – – – – – – –†bcvj 0.5 70 50–99 17 – 0.5 0.3 44 28 78 – – 990 –†b`vij¨vÛm 0.2 18 10–32 4.9 – 0.2 0.1 – – – – – 110 –




hviv %2002-2007*



eQi)wnmveK…Z

msL¨v2007 (nvRvi)



†kl




AbycvZ

2002-2007*


2007 (nvRvi)





GwZg

wnmveK…Zwbgœ

wnmveK…Z–D”P

wnmveK…Z



wkï (0-17 eQi)

cyiæl bvix


msμgY nvi

2007

mviwY 4: GBPAvBwf/GBWm

wbDwRj¨vÛ 0.1 1.4 <1.0–2.6 <0.5 – 0.1 – – – – – – 34 –wbKviv¸qv 0.2 7.7 5.3–15 2.1 – 0.3 0.1 – 22x – 17x – 110 106xbvBRvi 0.8 60 44–85 17 3.2 0.9 0.5 16 13 37y 18y 25 570 67bvB‡Rwiqv 3.1 26002000–3200 1400 220 0.8 2.3 21 18 46 24 1200 9700 64pbvBD – – – – – – – – – – – – – –biI‡q 0.1 3.0 1.7–5.0 <1.0 – 0.1 0.1 – – – – – 37 –AwaK…Z wdwjw¯Íb f‚LÛ – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Igvb – – – – – – – – – – – – – –cvwK¯Ívb 0.1 96 69–150 27 – 0.1 0.1 – 3 – – – 3900 –cvjvD – – – – – – – – – – – – – –cvbvgv 1.0 20 16–26 5.5 – 1.1 0.6 – – – – – 48 –cvcyqv wbD wMwb 1.5 54 53–55 21 1.1 0.6 0.7 – – – – – 330 –c¨viv¸‡q 0.6 21 12–38 5.8 – 0.7 0.3 – – – – – 130 –†ciæ 0.5 76 57–97 21 – 0.5 0.3 – 19 – 32 – 570 85xwdwjcvBb – 8.3 6.0–11 2.2 – – – 18 12 25 11 – 1800 –†cvj¨vÛ 0.1 20 11–34 5.5 – 0.1 0.1 – – – – – 440 –cZ©yMvj 0.5 34 20–63 9.4 – 0.5 0.3 – – – – – 82 –KvZvi – – – – – – – – – – – – – –†Kvwiqv, cÖRvZš¿ <0.1 13 7.5–42 3.6 – <0.1 <0.1 – – – – – 360 –iægvwbqv 0.1 15 12–16 7.0 – 0.2 0.2 1y 3y – – – 300 –iæk †dWv‡ikb 1.1 940630–1300 240 5.2 1.3 0.6 – – – – – 4000 –iæqvÛv 2.8 150 130–170 78 19 0.5 1.4 54 51 40 26 220 860 82†m›U wKUm&& I †bwfm – – – – – – – – – – – – – –†m›U jywmqv – – – – – – – – – – – – – –†m›U wfb‡m›U I †MÖbvWvBbm&& – – – – – – – – – – – – – –mv‡gvqv – – – – – – – – – – – – – –mvb g¨vwi‡bv – – – – – – – – – – – – – –mvI‡Uv‡g I wcÖwÝ‡c – – – – – – – – 44 – 56 – – –†mŠw` Avie – – – – – – – – – – – – – –†m‡bMvj 1.0 67 47–96 38 3.1 0.3 0.8 24 19 52 36 8 350 83mvwe©qv 0.1 6.4 3.9–12 1.8 – 0.1 0.1 – 42 – 74 – 130 –wmwmwj – – – – – – – – – – – – – –wm‡qiv wjIb 1.7 55 42–76 30 4.0 0.4 1.3 – 17 – 20 16 350 83wm½vcyi 0.2 4.2 2.6–7.3 1.2 – 0.2 0.1 – – – – – 24 –†møvfvwKqv <0.1 <0.5 <1.0 – – – – – – – – – – –†møv‡fwbqv <0.1 <0.5 <1.0 – – – – – – – – – – –m‡jvgb ØxdcyÄ – – – – – – – – – – – – – –†mvgvwjqv 0.5 24 13–45 6.7 <1.0 0.6 0.3 – 4 – – 9 590 78`wÿY Avwd«Kv 18.1 57004900–6600 3200 280 4.0 12.7 – – – – 1400 2500 –†¯úb 0.5 140 80–230 28 – 0.6 0.2 – – – – – 210 –kªxj¼v – 3.8 2.8–5.1 1.4 – <0.1 – – – – – – 330 –my vb 1.4 320 220–440 170 25 0.3 1.0 – – – – – 1800 96xmywibvg 2.4 6.8 4.2–12 1.9 <0.2 2.7 1.4 – 41 – 49 – 9 –†mvqvwRj¨vÛ 26.1 190 180–200 100 15 5.8 22.6 52 52 70 54 56 96 97myB‡Wb 0.1 6.2 3.5–11 2.9 – 0.1 0.1 – – – – – 66 –myBRvij¨vÛ 0.6 25 14–43 9.2 – 0.4 0.5 – – – – – 39 –wmwiqv Avie cÖRvZš¿ – – – – – – – – 7 – – – – –ZvRvwK¯Ívb 0.3 10 5.0–23 2.1 <0.1 0.4 0.1 – 2 – – – 210 –_vBj¨vÛ 1.4 610 410–880 250 14 1.2 1.2 – 46 – – – 1300 93†gwm‡Wvwbqvi mv‡eK

hy‡Mvmøvf cÖRvZš¿ <0.1 <0.5 <1.0 – – – – – 27 – 70 – – –wZgyi-†jm_&& – – – – – – – – – – – – 48 –U‡Mv 3.3 130 110–150 69 10 0.8 2.4 – 28 – 50 68 260 94†Uv½v – – – – – – – – – – – – – –wÎwb`v` I †Uvev‡Mv 1.5 14 9.5–19 7.7 – 0.3 1.0 – 54 – 51 – 20 –wZDwbwmqv 0.1 3.7 2.7–5.4 1.0 – 0.1 <0.1 – – – – – 130 –Zzi¯‹ – <2.0 <5.0 – – – – – – – – – – –ZzK©‡gwb¯Ívb <0.1 <0.5 <1.0 – – – – – 5 – – – – –Uzfv‡jv – – – – – – – – – – – – – –DMvÛv 5.4 940870–1000 480 130 1.3 3.9 38 32 55 38 1200 2500 96BD‡μb 1.6 440 340–540 190 5.1 1.5 1.5 43 42 – – – 1000 98mshy³ Avie AvwgivZ – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

132 w e k¦ w k ï c w i w ¯’ w Z 2 0 0 9



hviv %2002-2007*



eQi)wnmveK…Z

msL¨v2007 (nvRvi)



†kl




AbycvZ

2002-2007*


2007 (nvRvi)





GwZg

wnmveK…Zwbgœ

wnmveK…Z–D”P

wnmveK…Z



wkï (0-17 eQi)

cyiæl bvix


msμgY nvi

2007

... mviwY 4

hy³ivR¨ 0.2 77 37–160 22 – 0.3 0.1 – – – – – 520 –ZvÄvwbqv, mshy³ cÖRvZš¿ 6.2 14001300–1500 760 140 0.5 0.9 40 45 46 34 970 2600 102hy³ivóª 0.6 1200690–1900 230 – 0.7 0.3 – – – – – 2800 –Diæ¸‡q 0.6 10 5.9–19 2.8 – 0.6 0.3 – – – – – 46 –DR‡ewK¯Ívb 0.1 16 8.1–45 4.6 <0.2 0.1 0.1 – 31 – 61 – 690 –fvbyqvZz – – – – – – – – – – – – – –†f‡bRy‡qjv

(ewjfvwiqvb cÖRvZš¿) – – – – – – – – – – – – 430 –wf‡qZbvg 0.5 290 180–470 76 – 0.6 0.3 – 44 68 – – 1500 –D‡q‡gb – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Rvw¤^qv 15.2 11001000–1200 560 95 3.6 11.3 37 34 48 38 600 1100 103ywR¤^vey‡q 15.3 13001200–1400 680 120 2.9 7.7 46 44 68 42 1000 1300 95

UxKv - DcvË cvIqv hvqwb| x †hme DcvË Kjvg-wk‡ivbv‡g DwjøwLZ mgqKv‡ji †P‡q wfbœ mg‡qi, gvbm¤§Z msÁvi †P‡q Avjv`v, A_ev GKwU †`‡ki GKvs‡ki Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨| G ai‡bi DcvË AvÂwjK Ges êwk¦K M‡oi cwimsL¨v‡b AšÍfy©³

nqwb|y †hme DcvË Kjvg-wk‡ivbv‡g DwjøwLZ mgqKv‡ji †P‡q wfbœ mg‡qi, gvbm¤§Z msÁvi †P‡q Avjv`v, A_ev GKwU †`‡ki GKvs‡ki Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨| G ai‡bi DcvË AvÂwjK Ges êwk¦K M‡oi cwimsL¨v‡b AšÍfy©³

nqwb| p GwZg wkï‡ì (10-14 eQi) ¯‹z‡j Dcw¯’wZi AbycvZ GKwU †QvU wnmv‡ei Ici wfwË K‡i ˆZwi (h_v_©fv‡e hvPvB bv Kiv 25-49 wU NUbv)|* Kjvg-wk‡ivbv‡g Dc¯’vwcZ DcvË DwjøwLZ mgqKv‡ji g‡a¨ me©mv¤cÖwZK †h eQ‡i cvIqv †M‡Q Zv‡K wb‡`©k K‡i| **Pxb e¨ZxZ|

Dcv‡Ëi cÖavb m~ÎcÖvßeq ‹‡ì g‡a¨ AvbygvwbK wnmveK…Z GBPAvBwf msμgY nvi - RvwZms‡Ni GBPAvBwf/GBWm welqK

Kg©m~wP BDGbGBWm, wek¦e vcx GBWm gnvgvix wel‡q cÖwZ‡e`b, 2008|GBPAvBwf wb‡q emevmiZ gvby‡li (me eqmx) AvbygvwbK wemveK…Z msL v - BDGbGBWm, wek¦e vcx

GBWm gnvgvix wel‡q cÖwZ‡e`b, 2008|GBPAvBwf wb‡q emevmiZ bvixi (15 eQi I Zvi AwaK) AvbygvwbK wemveK…Z msL v - BDGbGBWm,

wek¦e vcx GBWm gnvgvix wel‡q cÖwZ‡e`b, 2008|GBPAvBwf wb‡q emevmiZ wkïi (0-14 eQi) AvbygvwbK wnmveK…Z msL v - BDGbGBWm, wek¦e vcx

GBWm gnvgvix wel‡q cÖwZ‡e`b, 2008|hyeRb‡Mvôxi g‡a¨ GBPAvBwf msμg‡Yi nvi - BDGbGBWm, wek¦e vcx GBWm gnvgvix wel‡q cÖwZ‡e`b,

2006, GBWm BwÛ‡KUi mv‡f© (GAvBGm), RbmsL v I ¯v ’ Rwic (wWGBPGm), 2002-2007| GBPAvBwf m¤ú‡K© mgwšZ Ávb - GAvBGm, AvPiY ch©‡e¶Y Rwic (weGmGm), eû m~PK ”Q Rwic

(GgAvBwmGm), cÖRbb ¯v ’ Rwic (AviGBPGm), 2002-2007; GBPAvBwf/GBWm mv‡f© BwÛ‡KUiWvUv‡em, <www.measuredhs.com/hibdata>

me©‡kl D”P SuywKc~Y© †hŠbwμqvi mgq KbWg eënvi - GAvBGm, weGmGm, wWGBPGm Ges AviGBPGm,2000-2006; GBPAvBwf/GBWm mv‡f© BwÛ‡KUi WvUv‡em,<www.measuredhs.com/hibdata>

GBWm-Gi Kvi‡Y GwZg - BDGbGBWm, BDwb‡md Ges BDbvB‡UW †÷Um G‡RwÝ di B›Uvib vkbvj†W‡fjc‡g›U (BDGmGBWm), Avwd«Kvbm&& Ad©vÛ GÛ fvjbv‡iej †Rbv‡ikvbm, 2008|

wewfbœ Kvi‡Y GwZg - BDGbGBWm, BDwb‡md Ges BDGmGBWm, Avwd«Kvbm&& Ad©vÛ GÛ fvjbv‡iej†Rbv‡ikvbm, 2008|

GwZg wkï‡ì ‹z‡j Dcw ’wZi AbycvZ - GAvBGm, wWGBPGm Ges GgAvBwmGm, 2002-2007;GBPAvBwf/GBWm mv‡f© BwÛ‡KUi WvUv‡em, www.measuredhs.com/hibdata

m~P‡Ki msÁvcÖvßeq ‹‡ i g‡a AvbygvwbK wnmveK…Z GBPAvBwf msμgY nvi - 2007 mv‡ji †kl bvMv GBPAvBwf wb‡q emevmiZ cÖvß eq ‹‡ i (15-

49 eQi) kZKiv nvi| GBPAvBwf wb‡q emevmiZ gvby‡li (me eqmx) AvbygvwbK wnmveK…Z msL v - 2007 mv‡ji †kl bvMv GBPAvBwf wb‡q emevmiZ gvby‡li

(me eqmx) AvbygvwbK wemveK…Z msL v|GBPAvBwf wb‡q emevmiZ bvixi (15 eQi I Zvi AwaK) AvbygvwbK wenveK…Z msL v - 2007 mv‡ji †kl bvMv GBPAvBwf wb‡q

emevmiZ bvixi (15 eQvi ev Zvi AwaK eqm) AvbygvwbK wnmveK…Z msL v|GBPAvBwf wb‡q emevmiZ wkïi (0-14 eQi) AvbygvwbK wnmveK…Z msL v - 2007 mv‡ji †kl bvMv GBPAvBwf wb‡q emevmiZ wkïi

(0-14 eQi) AvbygvwbK wnmveK…Z msL v|hyeRb‡Mvôxi g‡a GBPAvBwf msμg‡Yi nvi - 2005 mv‡ji †kl bvMv ZiæY-ZiæYx‡ i (15-24 eQi) g‡a GBPAvBwf msμg‡Yi

nvi|GBPAvBwf m¤ú‡K© mgwšZ Ávb - 15-24 eQi eqmx bvix-cyiæ‡li kZKiv nvi hviv †hŠbwμqvi gva ‡g msμwgZ GBPAvBwf cÖwZ‡iv‡ai

AšÍZ ywU Dcvq (KbWg eënvi Ges wek¦ Í I AmsμwgZ e w³i m‡½ †hŠbm¤úK© mxwgZ ivLv) ej‡Z c‡i‡Qb, GBPAvBwf m¤ú‡K© ywUme©vwaK cÖPwjZ fyj kbv³ Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Qb, Ges Rv‡bb †h my ’ † L‡Z GKRb gvby‡li † ‡nI GBPAvBwf fvBivm _vK‡Z cv‡i|

me©‡kl D”P SuywKc~Y© †hŠbwμqvi mgq KbWg eënvi - ‰eevwnK bq ev wbqwgZ-GK‡Î-emevm-K‡ibv Ggb m½xi m‡½ MZ ev‡iv gv‡m †hŠbmsm‡M©i mgq KbWg eënvi K‡i‡Qb Ggb ZiæY-ZiæYxi (15-24 eQi) kZKiv nvi|

GBWm-Gi Kvi‡Y GwZg - †hme wkï (0-17 eQi) gv, evev A_ev yRb‡KB GBW‡mi Kvi‡Y nvwi‡q‡Q, 2007 mv‡ji †kl bvMv Zv‡ iAvbygvwbK wnmveK…Z msL v|

wewfbœ Kvi‡Y GwZg - †hme wkï (0-17 eQi) gv, evev A_ev yRb‡KB †h‡Kv‡bv Kvi‡Y nvwi‡q‡Q, 2007 mv‡ji †kl bvMv Zv‡ iAvbygvwbK wnmveK…Z msL v|

GwZg wkï‡ i ‹z‡j Dcw ’wZi AbycvZ - GwZg nqwb Ggb wkï (10-14 eQi) hviv AšÍZ GKRb Awffve‡Ki m‡½ evm K‡i I ‹z‡j hvqZv‡ i mv‡c‡¶ GKB eqm mxgvi gv-evev yRb Awffve‡K nvwi‡q‡Q I ‹z‡j hv‡”Q Ggb wkï‡Zi kZKiv nvi|

mvims‡¶c m~PKAvwd«Kvi Dc-mvnviv AÂj 5.0 22000 20500–23600 12000 1800 1.1 3.2 30 24 44 29 11600 47500 83

c~e© I `w¶Y Avwd«Kv 7.8 16400 15300–17600 8970 1300 1.5 4.5 38 31 47 30 8700 24900 92cwðg I ga¨ Avwd«Kv 2.6 5600 4800–6300 3000 480 0.7 1.9 23 19 42 29 3000 22700 76

ga¨cÖvP¨ I DËi Avwd«Kv 0.3 480 370–620 220 28 0.1 0.2 – – – – – 5900 –`w¶Y Gwkqv 0.3 2600 2000–3400 930 110 0.3 0.2 36 18 38 22 – 37400 73c~e© Gwkqv I cÖkvšÍ gnvmvMixq AÂj 0.2 2400 1900–3000 750 41 0.2 0.1 7**18** – – – 30100 –j¨vwUb Av‡gwiKv I K¨vwiexq AÂj 0.6 1900 1700-2400 660 55 0.5 0.4 – – – – – 9400 –wmBB/wmAvBGm 0.8 1500 1100–1900 460 11 0.8 0.5 – – – – – 7600 –wk‡ívbœZ †`kmg~n§ 0.3 2000 1400–2900 460 5.8 0.4 0.2 – – – – – 7200 –Dbœqbkxj †`kmg~n§ 0.9 29500 27300–32100 14600 2000 0.4 0.7 30**19** – – – 130000 77¯^‡ívbœZ †`kmg~n§ 2.2 10000 9500–11000 5300 900 0.6 1.4 32 23 45 29 – 40400 86wek¦ 0.8 33000 30000–36000 15500 2000 0.4 0.6 – – – – 15000 145000 –





hviv %2002-2007*



eQi)wnmveK…Z

msL¨v2007 (nvRvi)



†kl




AbycvZ

2002-2007*


2007 (nvRvi)





GwZg

wnmveK…Zwbgœ

wnmveK…Z–D”P

wnmveK…Z



wkï (0-17 eQi)

cyiæl bvix


msμgY nvi

2007

cyiæl bvix cyiæl bvix cyiæl bvix

cÖwZ 100 R‡big‡a¨ eënvi-Kvixi msL¨v

2006

mviwY 5: wk¶v

AvdMvwb Ívb 49 18 8 2 126 75 74 46 66 40 – 90 28 9 – – 18 6Avj‡ewbqv 99 100 60 15 106 105 94 93 92 92 90 100 78 75 74 72 79 77Avj‡Rwiqv 94 91 63 7 114 106 96 94 97 96 91 – 80 86 65 68 57 65G¨v‡Ûviv – – 97 56 90 90 83 83 – – – – 83 87 73 75 – –G¨v‡½vjv 84 63 14 1 69x 59x – – 58 59 – 83 19 16 – – 22 20G¨vw›U¸qv I eviey v – – 134 64 – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Av‡R©w›Ubv 99 99 81 21 113 112 99 98 – – 87 – 80 89 75 82 – –Av‡g©wbqv 100 100 – 6 96 100 80 84 99 98 99 100 88 91 84 88 93 95A‡÷ªwjqv – – 97 52 105 105 96 97 – – – – 154 146 87 88 – –Aw÷ªqv – – 113 51 102 101 97 98 – – 99 – 104 100 – – – –AvRvievBRvb 100 100 39 10 98 95 86 83 74 72 97 99 85 81 79 76 82 80evnvgv – – 77 34 98 98 87 89 – – 81 – 91 91 83 85 – –evnivBb 100 100 123 28 120 119 98 98 86 87 99 99 100 104 91 96 77 85evsjv‡`k 71 73 13 0 101 105 87 91 79 84 65 94 43 45 40 42 36 41eviev‡Wvm – – 88 93 104 102 97 96 – – 97 – 100 104 88 89 – –†ejviæm 100 100 61 56 97 95 90 89 93 94 99 100 95 97 87 89 95 97†ejwRqvg – – 93 47 102 102 97 98 – – 94 – 112 108 89 85 – –†ewjR – 89 44 11 125 121 97 97 95 95 92 – 77 81 64 70 58 60†ewbb 63 41 12 1 105 87 87 73 72 62 65 89 41 23 23 11 40 27f‚Uvb 83 73 10 4 103 101 79 79 74 67 84 – 51 46 38 39 – –ewjwfqv 99 98 31 6 109 109 95 95 78 77 82 41 84 81 72 70 57 56emwbqv I nvi‡R‡Mvwfbv 100 100 48 24 – – – – 92 89 – 100 – – – – 89 89†evZ‡mvqvbv 93 95 47 5 108 106 83 85 83 86 75 – 75 78 52 60 36 44eªvwRj 97 99 53 23 141 133 94 95 95x 95x 81 88 101 111 75 83 42x 50xeªæ‡bB `viæmmvjvg 100 100 79 42 107 106 94 94 – – 98 – 96 100 88 92 – –eyj‡Mwiqv 98 97 108 47 101 100 93 92 – – 95 – 108 104 90 88 – –eyiwKbv dv‡mv 47 33 7 1 66 54 52 42 49 44 64 90 17 12 14 10 17 15eyiæwÛ 77 70 3 1 108 98 76 73 72 70 78 74 16 12 – – 8 6K‡¤^vwWqv 90 83 12 0 127 118 91 89 84 86 49 92 43 34 33 28 29 26K¨v‡giæb 72 59 19 2 117 98 – – 86 81 59 95 27 21 – – 45 42KvbvWv – – 58 77 100 99 99 100 – – – – 119 116 – – – –†Kc fv‡ © 97 98 21 6 108 103 88 87 97x 96x 89 – 75 86 56 63 – –ga¨ Avwd«Kvb cÖRvZš¿ 70 47 3 0 72 49 53 38 64 54 39 65 – – 13 9 16 10Pv` 56 23 5 1 90 61 71 50 41 31 26 94 23 8 16 5 13 7wPwj 99 99 76 25 107 102 – – – – 98 – 90 92 – – – –Pxb 99 99 35 10 112 111 99 99 – – – – 75 76 – – – –Kjw¤^qv 98 98 64 14 117 115 89 88 90 92 82 89 78 87 62 69 64 72K‡gviæm 92 87 5 3 91 80 75 71 31 31 72 19 40 30 15 15 10 11K‡½v 99 98 19 2 113 102 58 52 86 87 55 93 47 39 – – 39 40KzK ØxccyÄÖRvZš¿ – – – 27 79 80 73 75 – – – – 71 74 62 68 – –†Kv÷vwiKv 98 99 33 28 112 111 91 93 87 89 91 – 83 89 58 64 59 65AvBfwi †Kv÷ – 40 22 2 79 62 61 49 66 57 86 90 32 18 25 14 32 22†μv‡qwkqv 100 100 96 37 99 99 91 90 – – 100 – 90 93 86 88 – –wKDev 100 100 1 2 102 100 96 97 – – 97 – 93 94 86 88 – –mvBcÖvm 100 100 103 42 103 102 99 99 – – 99 – 96 97 93 95 – –†PK cÖRvZš¿ – – 122 35 100 100 91 94 – – 100 – 96 97 – – – –†Kvwiqv, MYZvwš¿K cÖRvZš¿ – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –K‡½v, MYZvwš¿K cÖRvZš¿ 78 63 7 0 68 54 – – 55 49 – 49 28 16 – – 18 15†WbgvK© – – 107 58 99 99 95 96 – – 92 – 118 121 88 90 – –wReywZ – 48 5 1 49 40 42 34 80 78 – – 27 18 26 17 50 42†WvwgwbKv – – – 37 85 87 75 80 – – 88 – 107 105 77 85 – –†WvwgwbKvb cÖRvZš¿ 95 97 51 16 101 96 77 79 84 88 61 81 63 75 47 57 27 39BKz‡qWi 96 97 63 12 117 117 96 97 – – 76 – 67 68 57 58 – –wgki 90 82 24 8 108 102 98 94 96 94 97 98 91 85 82 78 72 67Gj mvjfvì 95 96 55 10 116 112 94 94 – – 67 – 63 66 53 56 – –BKz‡q‡Uvwiqvj wMwb 95 95 27 2 125 119 91 83 61 60 33 – 41 23 – – 23 22BwiwÎqv 85 70 1 2 69 56 50 43 69 64 74 – 39 23 30 20 23 21G¨v‡¯Ívwbqv 100 100 125 55 100 98 95 94 – – 96 – 99 101 90 92 – –Bw_Iwcqv 62 39 1 0 97 85 74 69 45 45 58 84 37 24 29 19 30 23wdwR – – – 9 101 99 91 91 – – 81 – 80 88 76 83 – –wdbj¨vÛ – – 108 56 98 98 97 97 – – 99 – 109 114 96 96 – –

hye (15-24 eQi)mv¶iZv nvi

2000-2007*

cyiæl bvix †dvb B›Uvi‡bU †`k I AÂj cÖkvmwbK DcvË Rwic DcvË

cÖv_wgK we`¨vj‡q fwZ©‡ìm‡e©v”P †kªYx ch©šÍ †cŠuQv‡bvi

nvi %2000-2007*

134 w e k¦ w k ï c w i w ¯’ w Z 2 0 0 9

cÖv_wgK we`¨vj‡qDcw¯’wZi AbycvZ(2000-2007*)

cÖK…Z

cÖv_wgK we`¨vj‡q fwZ©i AbycvZ2000-2007*

†gvU cÖK…Z

gva¨wgK we`¨vj‡qDcw¯’wZi AbycvZ(2000-2007*)

cÖK…Z

gva¨wgK we`¨vj‡q fwZ©i AbycvZ2000-2007*

†gvU cÖK…Z


... mviwY 5

d«vÝ – – 85 50 110 109 98 99 – – 98x – 114 114 98 100 – –M¨veb 98 96 64 6 153 152 88 88 94 94 56 – 53 46 – – 34 36Mvw¤^qv 63 41 26 5 71 77 59 64 60 62 – 95 47 43 40 37 39 34RwR©qv – 99 38 7 94 97 88 91 94 95 100 – 83 86 77 81 89 88Rvg©vbx – – 104 47 103 103 98 98 – – 99 – 102 100 – – – –Nvbv 80 76 23 3 98 97 73 71 75 75 60 98 52 46 47 43 45 45MÖxm 99 99 99 18 102 102 100 99 – – 98 – 104 102 92 93 – –†MÖbvWv – – 45 21 94 91 84 83 – – 83 – 99 102 78 80 – –¸qv‡Zgvjv 88 83 56 10 118 109 96 92 80x 76x 63 – 56 51 40 37 23x 24xwMwb 59 34 – 1 96 81 77 66 55 48 76 96 45 24 35 20 27 17wMwb-wemvD 94 87 10 2 84 56 53 37 54 53 – 81 23 13 11 6 8 7Mvqvbv – – – 23 125 124 – – 96 96 59 96 106 104 – – 66 73nvBwZ 76 87 14 8 – – – – 48 52 – 85 – – – – 18 21nwj wm – – 0 0 – – – – – – – – – – – – – –ûÛzivm 88 93 30 5 119 118 96 97 77 80 81 – 66 86 – – 29 36nv‡½ix 98 99 99 35 98 96 89 88 – – 98 – 96 95 90 90 – –AvBmj¨vÛ – – 109 65 98 97 98 97 – – 99 – 108 111 89 91 – –fviZ 87 77 15 11 114 109 90 87 85 81 73 95 59 49 – – 59 49B‡›`v‡bwkqv 99 99 28 5 116 112 97 94 94 95 80 – 64 64 59 59 54 56Bivb (Bmjvgx cÖRvZš¿) 98 97 24 26 104 132 91 100 94 91 88 – 83 78 79 75 – –BivK 89 81 32 0 109 90 95 82 91 80 70 83 54 36 45 32 46 34Avqvij¨vÛ – – 113 34 104 103 95 95 – – – – 108 116 85 90 – –BmivBj – – 123 28 109 111 96 98 – – 100 – 93 92 88 89 – –BZvjx 100 100 135 53 104 103 99 98 – – 100 – 101 100 93 94 – –R¨vgvBKv 91 98 94 49 95 95 90 90 97 98 87 – 86 89 77 80 88 92Rvcvb – – 79 68 100 100 100 100 – – – – 101 102 99 99 – –RW©vb 99 99 74 14 96 98 89 91 99 99 96 – 88 90 81 83 85 89KvRvL¯Ívb 100 100 53 9 105 106 90 90 99 98 100 100 93 92 86 86 97 97†Kwbqv 80 81 21 8 107 104 75 76 79 79 84 90 52 49 43 42 12 13wKwievwZ – – – 2 112 114 96 98 – – 81 – 82 94 65 72 – –Kz‡qZ 100 100 91 29 97 96 84 83 – – 96 – 87 91 75 79 – –wKiwMR Ívb 100 100 24 12 97 96 86 85 91 93 99 99 86 87 80 81 90 92jvI RbMYZvwš¿K cÖRvZš¿ 85 80 17 1 123 109 86 81 81 77 62 93 49 38 38 32 40 33jvUwfqv 100 100 95 47 96 93 89 92 – – 98 – 98 99 – – – –†jevbb – – 31 26 96 93 82 82 97 97 87 93 78 85 70 77 61 68†j‡m‡_v 75 91 20 3 115 114 71 74 82 88 62 84 33 42 19 29 16 27jvB‡ewiqv 68 76 8 0 96 87 40 39 – – – – 37 27 22 13 – –wjweqv Avie Rvgvwnwiqv 100 98 66 4 113 108 – – – – – – 86 101 – – – –wjL‡Ubw÷b – – 82 64 106 107 87 89 – – – – 120 104 62 69 – –wj_yqvwbqv 100 100 138 32 95 94 90 89 – – 97 – 99 99 92 93 – –jy‡·gevM© – – 117 72 102 103 96 98 – – 88 – 94 98 82 86 – –gv`vMv¯‹vi 73 68 5 1 142 137 96 96 74 77 36 93 24 23 17 18 17 21gvjvDwq 84 82 5 0 117 121 88 94 86 88 36 71 32 27 25 23 27 26gvj‡qwkqv 98 98 75 54 101 100 100 100 – – 99 – 66 72 66 72 – –gvjØxc 98 98 88 9 118 114 97 97 – – – – 80 86 65 70 – –gvwj 36 23 11 1 90 71 68 54 45 33 73 90 35 21 – – 15 11gvëv 96 99 86 34 101 99 92 91 – – 99 – 99 100 84 90 – –gvk©vj ØxccyÄ – – – – 94 92 67 66 – – – – 66 67 43 47 – –†gŠwiZvwbqv 70 63 34 1 99 104 78 82 56 59 45 – 27 23 16 15 21 17gwikvm 95 97 62 25 102 102 94 96 – – 99 – 89 88 81 82 – –†gw·‡Kv 98 98 53 19 114 111 98 97 97 97 92 – 86 88 71 70 – –gvB‡μv‡bwmqv (†dWv‡i‡UW iv÷ª) – – 19 14 109 111 – – – – – – 80 86 – – – –

gj‡`vfv, cÖRvZš¿ 100 100 32 17 97 96 88 88 84 85 97 100 87 91 80 83 82 85†gvbv‡Kv – – 52 56 – – – – – – – – – – – – – –g‡½vwjqv 94 97 29 12 99 102 90 93 96 98 91 97 84 95 77 87 85 91g‡›Uwb‡MÖv – 93 107 44 – – – – 98 97 – 97 – – – – 90 92gi‡°v 84 67 52 20 112 100 91 85 91 87 74 – 53 45 37 32 39 36†gvRvw¤^K 58 48 12 1 113 97 79 73 63 57 40 68 18 13 4 4 8 7gvqvbgvi 97 96 0 0 114 115 99 100 83 84 72 100 49 49 46 46 51 48bvwgweqv 91 94 30 4 107 107 74 79 91 91 77 90 53 61 30 40 40 53bvDiæ – – – – 78 80 – – – – 25 – 42 50 – – – –




2006


2000-2007*

cyiæl bvix †dvb B›Uvi‡bU cÖkvmwbK DcvË Rwic DcvË


nvi %2000-2007*


cÖK…Z


†gvU cÖK…Z


cÖK…Z


†gvU cÖK…Z


mviwY 5: wk¶v

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wZgyi-†jm_&& – – 5 0 103 95 70 67 76 74 – – 53 54 – – – –U‡Mv 84 64 11 5 110 95 86 75 82 76 68 84 54 27 30 14 45 32†Uv½v 100 100 29 3 116 110 98 94 – – 91 – 92 96 54 68 – –wÎwb`v` I †Uvev‡Mv 100 100 69 22 96 94 85 85 98 98 84 97 75 78 64 67 84 90wZDwbwmqv 97 94 72 13 110 107 96 97 95 93 94 – 81 89 61 68 – –Zzi¯‹ 98 94 71 18 96 92 93 89 91 87 94 95 86 71 74 64 52 43ZzK©‡gwb¯Ívb 100 100 4 1 – – – – 99 99 – 100 – – – – 84 84

136 w e k¦ w k ï c w i w ¯’ w Z 2 0 0 9



2006


2000-2007*



nvi %2000-2007*


cÖK…Z


†gvU cÖK…Z


cÖK…Z


†gvU cÖK…Z


... mviwY 5

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wf‡qZbvg 95 94 18 17 109 103 – – 94 94 92 98 68 62 – – 77 78D‡q‡gb 93 67 14 1 100 74 85 65 68x 41x 60 – 61 30 49 26 35x 13xRvw¤^qv 73x 66x 14 4 118 116 90 94 55 58 76 80 33 27 31 25 17 19wR¤^vey‡q 98 99 6 9 102 101 87 88 91 93 62 79 42 39 38 36 46 43

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2006


2000-2007*



nvi %2000-2007*


cÖK…Z


†gvU cÖK…Z


cÖK…Z


†gvU cÖK…Z


mviwY 6: RbmsL¨v m~PK

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RbmsL¨v(nvRvi)2007

Ab~aŸ©- Ab~aŸ©-18 5

RbmsL¨vi evwl©K e„w×i nvi

(%)

1970-1990 1990-2007

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1970 1990 2007

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1970 1990 2007

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1970-1990 1990-2007†`k I AÂj

138 w e k¦ w k ï c w i w ¯’ w Z 2 0 0 9

... mviwY 6

wdwR 320 88 1.6 0.9 8 6 7 34 29 21 60 67 69 2.8 52 2.5 2.3wdbj¨vÛ 1093 287 0.4 0.3 10 10 10 14 13 11 70 75 79 1.8 61 1.4 0.3d«vÝ 13573 3828 0.6 0.5 11 9 9 17 13 12 72 77 81 1.9 77 0.8 0.8M¨veb 555 159 2.8 2.2 20 11 12 34 36 26 47 61 57 3.1 85 6.6 3.6Mvw¤^qv 803 264 3.5 3.4 28 15 10 50 43 35 37 51 59 4.8 56 6.8 5.9RwR©qv 1006 233 0.7 -1.3 9 9 12 19 16 11 67 71 71 1.4 52 1.5 -1.7Rvg©vbx 14286 3499 0.1 0.2 12 11 11 14 11 8 71 75 79 1.4 75 0.1 0.4Nvbv 10553 3216 2.7 2.4 16 11 9 45 40 30 49 57 60 3.9 49 3.9 4.5MÖxm 1906 514 0.7 0.5 8 9 10 17 10 9 72 77 79 1.3 59 1.3 0.6†MÖbvWv 42 10 0.1 0.6 9 10 8 28 28 18 64 66 69 2.3 31 0.1 0.3¸qv‡Zgvjv 6588 2093 2.5 2.4 15 9 6 44 39 34 52 62 70 4.2 48 3.2 3.5wMwb 4656 1566 2.3 2.6 27 19 12 50 47 40 38 47 56 5.5 34 5.1 3.9wMwb-wemvD 918 333 2.8 3.0 29 23 19 49 50 50 36 42 46 7.1 30 5.9 3.5Mvqvbv 267 70 0.1 0.1 11 9 8 38 25 17 60 62 66 2.3 28 0.2 -0.2nvBwZ 4211 1250 2.1 1.8 18 13 9 39 37 28 47 54 61 3.6 40 4.1 3.8nwj wm – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –ûÛzivm 3257 948 3.0 2.2 15 7 6 47 38 28 52 66 70 3.3 47 4.6 3.4nv‡½ix 1903 471 0.0 -0.2 11 14 13 15 12 9 69 69 73 1.3 67 0.5 -0.1AvBmj¨vÛ 78 21 1.1 1.0 7 7 6 21 17 14 74 78 82 2.0 93 1.4 1.2fviZ 446646 126808 2.2 1.8 16 10 8 38 32 23 49 59 64 2.8 29 3.5 2.8B‡›`v‡bwkqv 76805 21630 2.1 1.4 17 9 6 41 26 19 48 61 70 2.2 50 5.0 4.6Bivb (Bmjvgx cÖRvZš¿) 24229 6472 3.4 1.3 14 7 5 43 35 20 54 64 71 2.0 68 4.9 2.6BivK 13847 4217 3.0 2.6 12 8 9 46 39 32 56 63 59 4.3 67 4.1 2.5Avqvij¨vÛ 1063 323 0.9 1.2 11 9 7 22 15 16 71 75 79 2.0 61 1.3 1.7BmivBj 2262 683 2.2 2.5 7 6 5 27 22 20 71 76 81 2.8 92 2.6 2.8BZvjx 9882 2734 0.3 0.2 10 10 10 17 10 9 72 77 81 1.4 68 0.4 0.3R¨vgvBKv 1007 273 1.2 0.8 8 7 7 35 25 20 68 72 72 2.5 54 2.1 1.4Rvcvb 21206 5549 0.8 0.2 7 7 9 19 10 8 72 79 83 1.3 66 1.7 0.5RW©vb 2500 731 3.5 3.5 16 6 4 52 36 26 54 67 72 3.1 83 4.8 4.6KvRvL¯Ívb 4558 1316 1.2 -0.4 9 9 10 26 23 19 62 67 67 2.3 58 1.7 -0.3†Kwbqv 18593 6359 3.7 2.8 15 10 12 51 42 39 52 60 53 5.0 21 6.5 3.9wKwievwZ 35 10 2.5 1.6 – – – – – – – – – – 50 4.0 4.1Kz‡qZ 785 242 5.3 1.7 6 2 2 48 24 18 66 75 78 2.2 98 6.0 1.8wKiwMR¯Ívb 1945 514 2.0 1.1 11 8 8 31 31 22 60 66 66 2.5 36 2.0 0.9jvI RbMYZvwš¿K cÖRvZš¿ 2681 720 2.3 2.1 19 13 7 44 43 27 46 54 64 3.2 21 4.7 4.3jvUwfqv 411 103 0.6 -0.9 11 13 14 14 14 9 70 69 73 1.3 68 1.3 -1.1†jevbb 1365 362 1.0 1.9 9 7 7 33 26 18 65 69 72 2.2 87 2.7 2.3†j‡m‡_v 953 271 2.2 1.3 17 11 19 43 36 29 49 59 42 3.4 19 5.7 2.1jvB‡ewiqv 2017 725 2.2 3.3 22 21 18 49 50 50 42 43 45 6.8 60 4.9 5.2wjweqv Avie Rvgvwnwiqv 2183 688 3.9 2.0 16 5 4 49 26 24 51 68 74 2.8 85 6.7 2.7wjL‡Ubw÷b 7 2 1.5 1.1 – – – – – – – – – – 22 1.6 1.6wj_yqvwbqv 688 150 0.8 -0.5 9 11 12 17 15 9 71 71 73 1.3 66 2.4 -0.7jy‡·gevM© 102 27 0.6 1.2 12 11 9 13 13 11 70 75 79 1.7 83 1.0 1.4gv`vMv¯‹vi 9829 3190 2.8 2.9 21 15 10 47 44 37 44 51 59 4.8 27 5.3 4.0gvjvDwq 7479 2461 3.7 2.3 24 18 15 56 50 41 41 49 48 5.6 18 7.0 5.2gvj‡qwkqv 9663 2756 2.6 2.3 9 5 4 37 30 21 61 70 74 2.6 69 4.5 4.5gvjØxc 121 31 2.9 2.0 17 9 6 40 40 23 50 60 68 2.6 31 6.8 3.2gvwj 6721 2321 2.3 2.8 26 20 15 52 52 48 39 47 54 6.5 32 4.7 4.9gvëv 84 20 0.9 0.7 9 8 8 17 15 10 70 76 79 1.4 96 0.9 1.1gvk©vj ØxccyÄ 22 6 4.2 1.3 – – – – – – – – – – 67 4.3 1.6†gŠwiZvwbqv 1443 462 2.6 2.8 18 11 8 45 40 33 47 57 64 4.4 41 7.6 3.1gwikvm 358 94 1.2 1.0 7 6 7 28 20 15 62 69 73 1.9 42 1.4 0.9†gw·‡Kv 37772 10342 2.4 1.4 10 5 5 44 28 20 61 70 76 2.2 77 3.4 1.8gvB‡μv‡bwmqv (†dWv‡i‡UW iv÷ª) 50 14 2.2 0.8 9 7 6 41 34 26 62 66 68 3.8 22 2.4 0.0gj‡`vfv, cÖRvZš¿ 932 211 1.0 -0.9 10 10 12 18 19 11 65 68 69 1.4 47 2.9 -0.9†gvbv‡Kv 6 2 1.2 0.5 – – – – – – – – – – 100 1.2 0.5g‡½vwjqv 898 232 2.8 1.0 14 9 7 42 33 19 53 61 67 1.9 57 4.0 1.1g‡›Uwb‡MÖv 142 38 0.6 0.1 3 5 10 10 11 14 69 75 74 1.8 – – –gi‡°v 11075 3005 2.4 1.4 17 8 6 47 30 20 52 64 71 2.4 60 4.1 2.8

RbmsL¨v(nvRvi)2007



(%)

1970-1990 1990-2007

†gvUg„Zz¨ nvi

1970 1990 2007

†gvURb¥ nvi

1970 1990 2007


1970 1990 2007

mvgwMÖKmšÍvb

avi‡Yi nvi 2007

bMiRbmsL¨v

%2007


%

1970-1990 1990-2007


mviwY 6: RbmsL¨v m~PK

†gvRvw¤^K 10909 3700 1.8 2.7 25 20 20 48 43 40 39 43 42 5.2 36 8.3 6.2gvqvbgvi 15617 4132 2.1 1.1 15 11 10 40 27 18 51 59 62 2.1 32 2.5 2.8bvwgweqv 939 248 3.0 2.2 15 9 13 43 42 26 53 62 52 3.2 36 4.1 4.1bvDiæ 4 1 1.7 0.6 – – – – – – – – – – 100 1.7 0.6†bcvj 12606 3651 2.3 2.3 21 13 8 42 39 28 43 54 64 3.3 17 6.3 6.4†b`vij¨vÛm 3576 969 0.7 0.6 8 9 9 17 13 11 74 77 80 1.7 81 1.2 1.6wbDwRj¨vÛ 1064 285 1.0 1.2 9 8 7 22 17 14 71 75 80 2.0 86 1.2 1.4wbKviv¸qv 2441 673 2.7 1.8 13 7 5 47 37 25 54 64 73 2.8 60 3.3 2.6bvBRvi 7724 2797 3.1 3.5 26 22 14 58 56 49 40 46 57 7.2 17 5.9 4.4bvB‡Rwiqv 75065 24823 2.8 2.6 22 18 17 47 47 40 42 47 47 5.4 50 5.3 5.0bvBD 1 0 – – – – – – – – – – – – 37 – –biI‡q 1092 284 0.4 0.6 10 11 9 17 14 12 74 77 80 1.8 78 0.9 1.1AwaK…Z wdwjw¯Íb f‚LÛ 2095 685 3.4 3.7 19 7 4 49 46 36 54 68 73 5.2 72 4.5 4.2Igvb 1013 271 4.5 2.0 17 4 3 50 38 22 49 70 76 3.0 72 9.3 2.7cvwK¯Ívb 70609 19333 3.2 2.2 16 11 7 43 42 27 51 60 65 3.5 36 4.2 3.3cvjvD 8 2 1.4 1.8 – – – – – – – – – – 68 2.2 1.8cvbvgv 1181 344 2.4 1.9 8 5 5 38 26 21 65 72 75 2.6 73 3.0 3.9cvcyqv wbD wMwb 2941 894 2.4 2.5 19 11 10 42 37 30 43 54 57 3.8 14 3.9 2.9c¨viv¸‡q 2537 734 2.7 2.2 7 6 6 37 33 25 65 68 72 3.1 60 4.0 3.6†ciæ 10273 2817 2.5 1.5 14 7 6 42 30 21 53 65 71 2.5 73 3.4 1.9wdwjcvBb 36804 11095 2.6 2.1 11 7 5 40 33 26 57 65 72 3.3 64 4.5 4.0†cvj¨vÛ 7471 1767 0.8 0.0 8 10 10 17 15 9 70 71 76 1.2 62 1.6 0.1cZ©yMvj 1996 558 0.7 0.4 11 10 11 21 12 11 67 74 78 1.5 59 1.8 1.7KvZvi 208 65 7.2 3.5 13 3 2 34 23 16 60 69 76 2.7 96 7.4 3.9†Kvwiqv, cÖRvZš¿ 10418 2319 1.5 0.7 9 6 6 31 16 9 60 71 79 1.2 81 4.5 1.3iægvwbqv 4154 1051 0.7 -0.5 9 11 12 21 14 10 68 69 72 1.3 54 2.2 -0.5iæk †dWv‡ikb 27044 7302 0.7 -0.2 9 12 16 14 14 11 69 68 65 1.3 73 1.5 -0.3iæqvÛv 4921 1685 3.3 1.7 20 33 17 53 49 44 44 33 46 5.9 21 5.9 10.3†m›U wKUm&& I †bwfm 17 5 -0.5 1.3 – – – – – – – – – – 32 -0.4 0.8†m›U jywmqv 54 15 1.4 1.1 8 7 7 41 25 19 64 71 74 2.2 28 2.4 0.8†m›U wfb‡m›U I †MÖbvWvBbm&& 42 12 0.9 0.6 11 7 7 40 25 20 61 69 71 2.2 47 3.0 1.5mv‡gvqv 88 24 0.6 0.9 10 7 5 39 34 25 55 65 71 4.0 23 0.8 1.4mvb g¨vwi‡bv 6 2 1.2 1.5 – – – – – – – – – – 89 3.1 1.4mvI‡Uv‡g I wcÖwÝ‡c 76 23 2.3 1.8 13 10 8 47 38 33 55 62 65 3.9 60 4.2 3.9†mŠw` Avie 9781 2921 5.2 2.5 18 5 4 48 36 25 52 68 73 3.4 81 7.5 3.0†m‡bMvj 5998 1942 2.9 2.6 21 12 9 48 43 35 45 57 63 4.7 42 4.2 3.3mvwe©qv 2204 610 0.8 0.2 9 10 12 18 15 13 68 71 74 1.8 – – –wmwmwj 44 15 1.6 1.1 – – – – – – – – – – 50 4.8 1.2wm‡qiv wjIb 2889 1019 2.1 2.1 29 26 22 47 48 46 35 39 42 6.5 42 4.8 4.4wm½vcyi 994 200 1.9 2.3 5 5 5 23 18 8 69 75 80 1.3 100 1.9 2.4†møvfvwKqv 1087 260 0.7 0.1 10 10 10 19 15 10 70 72 75 1.2 56 2.3 0.1†møv‡fwbqv 343 89 0.7 0.2 10 10 10 17 11 9 69 73 78 1.3 51 2.3 0.4m‡jvgb ØxdcyÄ 229 71 3.3 2.7 10 12 7 46 40 31 54 57 63 3.9 18 5.5 4.4†mvgvwjqv 4389 1539 3.1 1.5 24 22 17 51 46 43 40 42 48 6.1 36 4.5 2.8`wÿY Avwd«Kv 18385 5235 2.4 1.7 14 8 17 38 29 23 53 62 50 2.7 60 2.9 2.7†¯úb 7742 2321 0.7 0.8 9 8 9 20 10 11 72 77 81 1.4 77 1.4 0.9kªxj¼v 5504 1464 1.6 0.7 8 7 7 31 21 15 65 70 72 1.9 15 1.0 -0.1my vb 17961 5528 2.9 2.3 20 14 10 47 41 32 44 53 58 4.3 43 5.3 5.4mywibvg 158 44 0.4 0.8 8 6 7 37 24 20 63 68 70 2.4 75 2.4 1.4†mvqvwRj¨vÛ 534 147 3.2 1.6 18 10 21 50 41 29 48 59 40 3.5 25 7.5 2.2myB‡Wb 1912 505 0.3 0.4 10 11 10 14 14 11 74 78 81 1.8 84 0.4 0.5myBRvij¨vÛ 1488 358 0.5 0.5 9 9 8 16 12 9 73 78 82 1.4 76 1.6 1.2wmwiqv Avie cÖRvZš¿ 8424 2544 3.5 2.6 13 5 3 47 37 27 55 68 74 3.1 51 4.1 3.1ZvRvwK Ívb 3081 857 2.9 1.4 10 8 6 40 39 27 60 63 67 3.4 24 2.2 -0.1_vBj¨vÛ 16430 4518 1.9 1.0 10 7 9 37 19 15 59 67 70 1.8 33 3.6 1.7†gwm‡Wvwbqvi mv‡eK hy‡Mvmøvf cÖRvZš¿ 476 115 1.0 0.4 8 8 9 24 17 11 66 71 74 1.4 70 2.0 1.6

wZgyi-†jm_&& 590 199 1.0 2.6 22 18 9 46 43 42 40 46 61 6.6 27 3.4 4.5U‡Mv 3260 1061 3.1 3.0 18 12 10 48 44 37 48 58 58 4.9 42 4.9 5.2†Uv½v 44 12 -0.2 0.3 6 6 6 37 30 25 65 70 73 3.8 24 0.4 0.8

140 w e k¦ w k ï c w i w ¯’ w Z 2 0 0 9

RbmsL¨v(nvRvi)2007



(%)

1970-1990 1990-2007

†gvUg„Zz¨ nvi

1970 1990 2007

†gvURb¥ nvi

1970 1990 2007


1970 1990 2007

mvgwMÖKmšÍvb

avi‡Yi nvi 2007

bMievwmRbmsL¨v

%2007


%

1970-1990 1990-2007

... mviwY 6

wÎwb`v` I †Uvev‡Mv 357 94 1.2 0.5 7 7 8 27 21 15 66 70 70 1.6 13 -0.5 3.1wZDwbwmqv 3178 830 2.4 1.3 14 6 6 39 27 17 54 69 74 1.9 66 3.8 2.1Zzi¯‹ 24623 6646 2.3 1.6 12 8 6 39 26 18 56 65 72 2.1 68 4.5 2.6ZzK©‡gwb Ívb 1845 494 2.6 1.8 11 8 8 37 35 22 58 63 63 2.5 47 2.3 2.1Uzfv‡jv 4 1 1.3 0.7 – – – – – – – – – – 57 4.6 2.8DMvÛv 17349 6028 3.2 3.2 16 15 14 49 50 47 50 51 51 6.5 13 5.7 4.4BD‡μb 8389 2025 0.4 -0.6 9 13 16 15 13 9 71 70 68 1.2 68 1.4 -0.5mshy³ Avie AvwgivZ 1006 327 10.6 5.0 11 3 1 36 27 16 61 73 79 2.3 77 10.5 5.1hy³ivR¨ 13100 3503 0.1 0.4 12 11 10 16 14 12 72 76 79 1.8 90 0.8 0.5ZvÄvwbqv, mshy³ cÖRvZš¿ 20630 7050 3.1 2.7 18 15 13 48 44 40 47 51 52 5.2 25 7.5 4.6hy³ivóª 75992 20957 1.0 1.0 9 9 8 16 16 14 71 75 78 2.1 81 1.1 1.6Diæ¸‡q 938 252 0.5 0.4 10 10 9 21 18 15 69 72 76 2.1 92 0.9 0.7DR‡ewK Ívb 10593 2879 2.7 1.7 10 7 7 36 35 23 63 67 67 2.5 37 3.1 1.2fvbyqvZz 103 31 2.8 2.4 14 7 5 43 37 29 53 64 70 3.8 24 4.9 4.2†f‡bRy‡qjv (ewjfvwiqvb cÖRvZš¿) 10089 2896 3.0 2.0 7 5 5 37 29 22 65 71 74 2.6 94 3.8 2.8wf‡qZbvg 30263 8109 2.2 1.6 18 8 5 41 31 19 49 65 74 2.2 27 2.7 3.6D‡q‡gb 11729 3740 3.3 3.5 27 13 8 56 51 38 38 54 62 5.5 28 5.5 5.6Rvw¤^qv 6270 2030 3.2 2.3 17 16 19 49 44 40 49 49 42 5.2 35 4.5 1.7wR¤^vey‡q 6175 1706 3.5 1.4 13 8 19 48 37 28 55 63 43 3.2 37 6.1 3.0

Z_¨-Dcv‡Ëi cÖavb m~Î

wkï RbmsL¨v - RvwZmsN RbmsL¨v wefvM|

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cÖZ¨vwkZ Avqy¯‹vj - RvwZmsN RbmsL¨v wefvM|

cÖRbb - RvwZmsN RbmsL¨v wefvM|

bMi RbmsL¨v - RvwZmsN RbmsL¨v wefvM|

m~P‡Ki msÁv

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mvims‡¶c m~PKAvwd«Kvi Dc-mvnviv AÂj 383988 127624 2.9 2.6 20 16 15 48 45 39 45 50 50 5.2 36 4.7 4.3c~e© I `w¶Y Avwd«Kv 186875 61296 2.9 2.5 19 15 15 47 43 38 46 51 50 4.9 29 4.7 3.9cwðg I ga¨ Avwd«Kv 197113 66328 2.9 2.7 22 17 16 48 47 41 43 49 50 5.5 43 4.8 4.6

ga¨cÖvP¨ I DËi Avwd«Kv 153178 44789 3.0 2.0 16 8 6 45 35 25 51 63 69 3.0 58 4.4 2.9`w¶Y Gwkqv 614747 175250 2.3 1.9 17 11 8 39 33 24 49 59 64 3.0 29 3.8 3.0c~e© Gwkqv I cÖkvšÍ gnvmvMixq AÂj559872 144441 1.8 1.0 10 7 7 35 22 15 59 67 72 1.9 44 3.9 3.5j¨vwUb Av‡gwiKv I K¨vwiexq AÂj 197226 55622 2.2 1.5 10 7 6 37 27 20 60 68 73 2.4 78 3.3 2.2wmBB/wmAvBGm 100110 26458 1.0 0.2 9 11 12 20 18 14 67 68 68 1.7 62 2.0 0.3wk‡ívbœZ †`kmg~n§ 204334 54922 0.7 0.6 10 9 9 17 13 11 71 76 79 1.7 76 1.0 0.9Dbœqbkxj †`kmg~n§ 1962419 562128 2.2 1.6 13 9 8 38 29 22 55 63 67 2.8 44 3.8 3.1¯^‡ívbœZ †`kmg~n§ 383853 124237 2.5 2.5 21 16 12 47 42 36 44 51 55 4.7 28 4.9 4.4wek¦ 2213456 629106 1.8 1.4 12 9 9 32 26 20 59 65 68 2.6 49 2.7 2.3



RbmsL¨v(nvRvi)2007



(%)

1970-1990 1990-2007

†gvUg„Zz¨ nvi

1970 1990 2007

†gvURb¥ nvi

1970 1990 2007


1970 1990 2007

mvgwMÖKmšÍvb

avi‡Yi nvi 2007

bMiRbmsL¨v

%2007


%

1970-1990 1990-2007

mviwY 7: A_©‰bwZK m~PK

AvdMvwb¯Ívb 250x – – – – – – – 3000 37 – –Avj‡ewbqv 3290 -0.7x 5.2 18 1 4 4 2 321 3 4x 3Avj‡Rwiqv 3620 1.6 1.4 13 7 17 4 24 209 0 62 –G¨v‡Ûviv d – – – – – – – – – – –G¨v‡½vjv 2560 0.4x 2.9 319 54 34x 6x 15x 171 1 7 13G¨vw›U¸qv I eviey v 11520 8.3x 1.7 2 – – – – 3 0 – –Av‡R©w›Ubv 6050 -0.7 1.5 6 5 3 5 5 114 0 30 13Av‡g©wbqv 2640 – 5.8 69 11 – – – 213 4 – 6A‡÷ªwjqv 35960 1.5 2.4 2 – 6 15 10 – – – –Aw÷ªqv 42700 2.4 1.8 2 – 2 14 10 – – – –AvRvievBRvb 2550 – 2.8 71 0 12 1 4 206 1 – 1evnvgv 15730x 1.8 0.4x 3x – 3 16 20 – – – –evnivBb 19350 -1.3x 2.4x 2x – 14 8 15 57x 1x – –evsjv‡`k 470 0.6 3.1 4 50y 10 7 17 1223 2 17 3eviev‡Wvm d 1.5 1.3x 3x – – – – -1 0 – –†ejviæm 4220 – 3.4 162 0 4 3 4 73 0 – 2†ejwRqvg 40710 2.2 1.8 2 – 3 16 3 – – – –†ewjR 3800 2.9 2.4 1 – 5x 8x 20x 8 1 5 16†ewbb 570 0 1.3 6 47 17x 6x 31x 375 8 7 6xf‚Uvb 1770 6.8x 5.2 7 26 – 9 13 94 10 – –ewjwfqv 1260 -1.1 1.3 7 20 5 10 22 581 6 31 8emwbqv I nvi‡R‡Mvwfbv 3580 – 10.8x 5x 0 – – – 494 4 – 7†evZ‡mvqvbv 5840 8.2 4.2 8 31 8x 5x 26x 65 1 4 1eªvwRj 5910 2.3 1.2 72 8y 3 6 6 82 0 19 36eªæ‡bB `viæmmvjvg 26930x -2.2x -0.3x 4x – – – – – – – –eyj‡Mwiqv 4590 3.4x 2.3 51 0 6 11 5 – – 19 10eyiwKbv dv‡mv 430 1.3 2.5 3 57 14x 7x 17x 871 14 6 –eyiæwÛ 110 1.1 -2.7 12 81 23 2 15 415 52 41 40K‡¤^vwWqv 540 – 6.2x 3x 40 – – – 529 8 0x 1K¨v‡giæb 1050 3.3 0.6 4 33 10 3 12 1684 9 18 15xKvbvWv 39420 2 2.2 2 – 6 9 3 – – – –†Kc fv‡`© 2430 – 3.3 4 21 – – – 138 13 5 4ga¨ Avwd«Kvb cÖRvZš¿ 380 -1.3 -0.8 3 62 – – – 134 9 8 –Pv` 540 -1 2.4 7 62 – 8x 8x 284 6 2 –wPwj 8350 1.5 3.7 6 1 7 15 17 83 0 20 19Pxb 2360 6.6 8.9 5 16y 12 0 2 1245 0 10 2Kjw¤^qv 3250 2 1 14 15 13 9 20 988 1 39 31K‡gviæm 680 0.1x -0.4 4 46 – – – 30 7 2 –K‡½v 1540 3.2 -0.2 8 54 10 4 4 254 7 32 2xKzK ØxccyÄÖRvZš¿ – – – – – – – – 32 0 – –†Kv÷vwiKv 5560 0.7 2.5 13 2 0 21 22 24 0 21 4AvBfwi †Kv÷ 910 -1.9 -0.7 6 23 4x 4x 21x 251 2 26 0†μv‡qwkqv 10460 – 3 33 0 4 13 8 200 0 – 33wKDev c – 3.6x 4x – – 23x 10x 78 0 – –mvBcÖvm 24940 5.9x 2.2 4 – 4 6 12 – – – –†PK cÖRvZš¿ 14450 – 2.4 7 0 4 16 10 – – – –†Kvwiqv, MYZvwš¿K cÖRvZš¿ a – – – – – – – 55 0 – –K‡½v, MYZvwš¿K cÖRvZš¿ 140 -2.4 -4.3 335 59 18 0 0 2056 27 – –†WbgvK© 54910 2 1.9 2 – 5 1 12 – – – –wReywZ 1090 – -2.1 3 19 – – – 117 14 4x 6†WvwgwbKv 4250 4.7x 2.4 1 – – – – 19 7 4 13x†WvwgwbKvb cÖRvZš¿ 3550 2.1 3.8 11 5 4 10 13 53 0 7 8BKz‡qWi 3080 1.3 1.2 5 10 13x 11x 18x 189 0 27 23wgki 1580 4.3 2.5 7 2 9 3 15 873 1 18 5Gj mvjfvì 2850 -1.8 1.8 4 14 3 14 14 157 1 14 12BKz‡q‡Uvwiqvj wMwb 12860 – 21.1 13 – – – – 27 1 2 –BwiwÎqv 230 – -0.3x 12x – – – – 129 15 – –G¨v‡¯Ívwbqv 13200 1.5x 5.2 24 0 5 16 7 – – – –Bw_Iwcqv 220 – 2.2 5 39 17 1 5 1947 15 33 7wdwR 3800 0.6x 1.5x 4x – 6x 9x 18x 56 2 12 1wdbj¨vÛ 44400 2.8 2.8 2 – 4 3 10 – – – –

gv_vwcQy†gvU

RvZxqAvq

(gvwK©bWjvi)2007

cÖwZw`b 1.25Wjv‡ii KgDcR©bKvix

RbmsL¨vi nvi(%)

2005

†K›`ªxq miKv‡ii e¨qeiv‡Ïi nvi (%)(1997-2006*)

¯^v¯’¨ wk¶v cÖwZi¶v

miKvwi Dbœqbmvnvh¨ (IwWG)cÖvwß (wgwjqbgvwK©b Wjvi)

2006

MÖnxZv †`‡ki†gvU RvZxq

Av‡qi ZzjbvqmiKvwi Dbœqb

mvnv‡hï nvi (%)2006

cY¨ I †mevißvwbi ZzjbvqFY cwi‡kv‡ai

nvi (%)

1990 2006

gv_vwcQy †gvU †`kxqDrcv`‡bi Mo evwl©K

cÖe„w×i nvi (%)

1970-1990 1990-2007

Mo evwl©K

gy ªvùxwZi nvi (%)

1990-2007†`k I AÂjmg~n

142 w e k¦ w k ï c w i w ¯’ w Z 2 0 0 9

... mviwY 7

d«vÝ 38500 2.2 1.6 1 – 6x 16x 7x – – – –M¨veb 6670 0.3 -0.7 6 5 – – – 31 0 4 5xMvw¤^qv 320 0.9 0.2 8 34 4x 7x 12x 74 15 18 11RwR©qv 2120 3.2 1.8 102 13 23 7 11 361 5 – 7Rvg©vbx 38860 2.3x 1.4 1 – 4 19 1 – – – –Nvbv 590 -2.1 2.1 24 30 5x 7x 22x 1176 10 21 4MÖxm 29630 1.3 2.7 6 – 8 7 11 – – – –†MÖbvWv 4670 4.9 2.5 2 – – 10x 17x 27 6 2 5x¸qv‡Zgvjv 2440 0.2 1.4 7 12 11x 11x 17x 487 1 11 4wMwb 400 0.3x 1.3 8 70 29x 3x 11x 164 4 18 17xwMwb-wemvD 200 -0.2 -2.6 16 49 4x 1x 3x 82 27 21 35xMvqvbv 1300 -1.5 3.1 8 8 – – – 173 20 20x 3nvBwZ 560 -0.3 -2.1 18 55 – – – 581 14 4 3nwj wm – – – – – – – – – – – –ûÛzivm 1600 0.8 1.5 15 22 7x 10x 19x 587 7 30 5nv‡½ix 11570 3 3.3 13 0 3 6 5 – – 30 32AvBmj¨vÛ 54100 3.2 2.4 4 – 0 27 11 – – – –fviZ 950 2.1 4.5 6 42y 14 2 4 1379 0 25 7B‡›`v‡bwkqv 1650 4.7 2.3 15 21y 7 1 4 1405 0 31 9Bivb (Bmjvgx cÖRvZš¿) 3470 -2.3 2.5 23 1 14 6 7 121 0 1 –BivK 2170x – – – – – – – 8661 0 – –Avqvij¨vÛ 48140 2.8 5.8 4 – 3 16 14 – – – –BmivBj 21900 1.9 1.7 6 – 19 12 15 – – – –BZvjx 33540 2.8 1.2 3 – 3 3 10 – – – –R¨vgvBKv 3710 -1.3 0.8 15 0 2 7 15 37 0 20 11Rvcvb 37670 3 0.9 -1 – 4x 2x 6x – – – –RW©vb 2850 2.5x 2 2 0 19 10 16 580 4 18 5KvRvL¯Ívb 5060 – 3.2 75 3 6 5 6 172 0 – 33†Kwbqv 680 1.2 0 11 20 6 7 26 943 5 26 6wKwievwZ 1170 -5.3 1.8 2 – – – – -45 -36 – –Kz‡qZ 31640 -6.8x 1.1x 4x – 14 6 12 – – – –wKiwMR¯Ívb 590 – -0.5 46 22 7 12 11 311 12 – 4jvI RbMYZvwš¿K cÖRvZš¿ 580 – 4.2 25 44 – – – 364 13 8 –jvUwfqv 9930 3.4 4.7 21 0 5 12 6 – – 0x 29†jevbb 5770 – 2.5 8 – 11 2 7 707 3 – 19†j‡m‡_v 1000 3.1 1.8 8 43 5 6 25 72 4 4 4jvB‡ewiqv 150 -4.2 1.9 42 84 9x 5x 11x 269 57 – 0wjweqv Avie Rvgvwnwiqv 9010 -4.9x – – – – – – 37 0 – –wjL‡Ubw÷b d – – – – – – – – – – –wj_yqvwbqv 9920 – 3 29 0 5 12 7 – – – 21jy‡·gevM© 75880 2.7 3.2 2 – 1 13 10 – – – –gv`vMv¯‹vi 320 -2.4 -0.4 14 68 5 8 13 754 14 32 5xgvjvDwq 250 -0.1 0.3 30 74 5x 7x 12x 669 30 23 –gvj‡qwkqv 6540 4 3.2 4 1 11 6 23 240 0 12 4gvjØxc 3200 – 5.5x 1x – 5 8 14 39 4 4 5gvwj 500 -0.3 2.2 5 51 8x 2x 9x 825 13 8 4gvëv 15310 6.5 2.7x 3 – 2 14 13 11x 0x – –gvk©vj ØxccyÄ 3070 – -2 5 – – – – 55 28 – –†gŠwiZvwbqv 840 -0.9 0.6 8 21 – 4x 23x 188 8 24 –gwikvm 5450 5.1x 3.7 6 – 1 9 15 19 0 6 6†gw·‡Kv 8340 1.6 1.6 14 1 3 5 25 247 0 16 19gvB‡μv‡bwmqv (†dWv‡i‡UW iv÷ª) 2470 – -0.2 2 – – – – 109 41 – –gj‡`vfv, cÖRvZš¿ 1260 1.8x -1.3 52 8 1 13 9 228 6 – 10†gvbv‡Kv d – – – – – – – – – – –g‡½vwjqv 1290 – 2.2 30 22 9 6 9 203 9 17x 2g‡›Uwb‡MÖv 5180 – 3.4x – – – – – 1586 68 – –gi‡°v 2250 2 2 3 3 13 3 18 1046 2 18 12†gvRvw¤^K 320 -1x 4.1 20 75 35x 5x 10x 1611 23 21 2gvqvbgvi 220x 1.5 6.8x 24x – 23 3 13 147 0 17 1bvwgweqv 3360 -2.3x 1.8 9 49 7x 10x 22x 145 2 – –bvDiæ – – – – – – – – 17 0 – –

gv_vwcQy†gvU

RvZxqAvq

(gvwK©bWjvi)2007


RbmsL¨vi nvi(%)

2005




2006





nvi (%)

1990 2006


cÖe„w×i nvi (%)

1970-1990 1990-2007

Mo evwl©K


1990-2007


mviwY 7: A_©‰bwZK m~PK

†bcvj 340 1.2 1.9 7 55 11 5 18 514 6 12 5†b`vij¨vÛm 45820 1.5 2.1 2 – 4 10 11 – – – –wbDwRj¨vÛ 28780 0.8 2 2 – 3 16 19 – – – –wbKviv¸qv 980 -3.7 1.9 21 16 6x 13x 15x 733 14 2 4bvBRvi 280 -2.2 -0.6 4 66 – – – 401 11 12 5xbvB‡Rwiqv 930 -1.4 1.2 23 64 3x 1x 3x 11434 12 22 16xbvBD – – – – – – – – 9 0 – –biI‡q 76450 3.2 2.6 4 – 5 16 6 – – – –AwaK…Z wdwjw¯Íb f‚LÛ 1230 – -2.9x 4x – – – – 1449 33 – –Igvb 11120 3.3 2.2x 2x – 33 7 15 35 0 12 1cvwK¯Ívb 870 3 1.6 10 23 18 1 2 2147 2 16 8cvjvD 8210 – – 3x – – – – 37 23 – –cvbvgv 5510 0.3 2.6 2 9 – 18 16 30 0 3 25cvcyqv wbD wMwb 850 -0.7 -0.6 8 36 4 7 22 279 6 37 9xc¨viv¸‡q 1670 2.8 -0.3 11 9 11x 7x 22x 56 1 12 6†ciæ 3450 -0.6 2.7 13 8 – 13 7 468 1 6 12wdwjcvBb 1620 0.8 1.7 7 23 5 2 19 562 0 23 18†cvj¨vÛ 9840 – 4.4 13 0 4 11 12 – – 4 24cZ©yMvj 18950 2.6 1.9 4 – 3 16 16 – – – –KvZvi 12000x – – – – – – – – – – –†Kvwiqv, cÖRvZš¿ 19690 6.2 4.4 4 – 10 0 14 – – – –iægvwbqv 6150 0.9x 2.3 57 1 5 14 5 – – 0 16iæk †dWv‡ikb 7560 – 1.2 71 0 12 8 4 – – – 13iæqvÛv 320 1.1 1.1 9 77 – 5x 26x 585 25 9 9†m›U wKUm&& I †bwfm 9630 6.3x 2.8 3 – – – – 5 1 3 22x†m›U jywmqv 5530 5.3x 1.3 2 21 – – – 18 2 2 6x†m›U wfb‡m›U I †MÖbvWvBbm&& 4210 3.3 3 2 – – 12 16 5 1 3 11xmv‡gvqv 2430 – 2.6 6 – – – – 47 11 5 6mvb g¨vwi‡bv 45130 – – – – – 18 9 – – – –mvI‡Uv‡g I wcÖwÝ‡c 870 – – – – – – – 22 17 28 37†mŠw` Avie 15440 -1.5 0.3 4 – 36x 6x 14x 25 0 – –†m‡bMvj 820 -0.7 1.1 4 34 7 3 14 825 9 14 10xmvwe©qv 4730 – 2.6x – – – – – 96 0 – –wmwmwj 8960 2.9 1.4 3 – 3 9 8 14 2 7 18wm‡qiv wjIb 260 -0.4 -0.4 19 53 10x 10x 13x 364 27 8 8wm½vcyi 32470 5.6 3.8 1 – 31 6 22 – – – –†møvfvwKqv 11730 – 3.3 8 0 5 19 4 – – – –†møv‡fwbqv 20960 – 3.5 15 0 3 15 13 53x 0x – –m‡jvgb ØxdcyÄ 730 3.4 -1.6 7 – – – – 205 62 10 2†mvgvwjqv 140x -0.9 – – – 38x 1x 2x 392 0 25x –`wÿY Avwd«Kv 5760 0.1 1 8 26 – – – 718 0 – 6†¯úb 29450 1.9 2.4 4 – 4 15 2 – – – –kªxj¼v 1540 3 3.9 9 14 18 6 10 796 3 10 7my vb 960 0.1 3.6 38 – 28 1 8 2058 7 4 4mywibvg 4730 -2.4x 1.8 54 16 – – – 64 4 – –†mvqvwRj¨vÛ 2580 3.1 -0.3 12 63 8 8 20 35 1 6 2myB‡Wb 46060 1.8 2.2 2 – 5 3 6 – – – –myBRvij¨vÛ 59880 1.2 0.7 1 – 5 0 5 – – – –wmwiqv Avie cÖRvZš¿ 1760 2 1.5 7 – 24 2 9 27 0 20 1ZvRvwK¯Ívb 460 – -2.2 99 21 9 2 4 240 9 – 5_vBj¨vÛ 3400 5 2.9 3 0 6 9 20 -216 0 14 9†gwm‡Wvwbqvi mv‡eK hy‡Mvmøvf cÖRvZš¿ 3460 – 0.5 30 0 – – – 200 3 – 15wZgyi-†jm_&& 1510 – – – 53 – – – 210 24 – –U‡Mv 360 -0.6 -0.2 4 39 11x 5x 20x 79 4 8 0x†Uv½v 2320 – 2 4 – – 7x 13x 21 10 2 3wÎwb`v` I †Uvev‡Mv 14100 0.5 5.1 5 4 2 9 17 13 0 – –wZDwbwmqv 3200 2.5 3.4 4 3 5 5 20 432 1 22 13Zzi¯‹ 8020 1.9 2.2 52 3 8 3 10 570 0 27 25ZzK©‡gwb¯Ívb b – -6.8x 408x 25 – – – 26 0 – –Uzfv‡jv – – – – – – – – 15 0 – –DMvÛv 340 – 3.1 8 52 26x 2x 15x 1551 17 47 5

144 w e k¦ w k ï c w i w ¯’ w Z 2 0 0 9

gv_vwcQy†gvU

RvZxqAvq

(gvwK©bWjvi)2007


RbmsL¨vi nvi(%)

2005




2006





nvi (%)

1990 2006


cÖe„w×i nvi (%)

1970-1990 1990-2007

Mo evwl©K


1990-2007†`k I AÂjmg~n

UxKv - DcvË †bB|

x †hme DcvË Kjv‡gi wk‡ivbv‡g †Ìqv eQi ev mg‡qi †P‡q wfbœ, gvbm¤§Z msÁvi †P‡q wfbœ,A_ev †`kwUi GKvsk m¤ú‡K© cÖ‡hvR¨| GB Dcv‡Ë AÂj ev êwk¦K Mo‡K cwimsL¨v‡b AšÍf©y³Kiv nqwb|


... mviwY 7

BD‡μb 2550 – -0.7 93 0 3 3 6 484 1 – 16mshy³ Avie AvwgivZ 26210x -4.8x -0.3x 3x – 30 7 17 – – – –hy³ivR¨ 42740 2 2.4 3 – 7 15 4 – – – –ZvÄvwbqv, mshy³ cÖRvZš¿ 400 – 1.8 15 88 16x 6x 8x 1825 14 25 3hy³ivóª 46040 2.2 2 2 – 20 25 3 – – – –Diæ¸‡q 6380 0.9 1.5 18 0 4 7 8 21 0 31 43DR‡ewK¯Ívb 730 – 1.2 106 46 – – – 149 1 – –fvbyqvZz 1840 1.1x -0.4 3 – – – – 49 13 2 1†f‡bRy‡qjv (ewjfvwiqvb cÖRvZš¿) 7320 -1.6 -0.2 35 18 5 8 21 58 0 22 13wf‡qZbvg 790 – 6 10 21 – 4 14 1846 3 – 2D‡q‡gb 870 – 1.6 17 18 19 4 22 284 2 4 2Rvw¤^qv 800 -2.3 0.1 34 64 4 13 14 1425 19 13 3wR¤^vey‡q 340 -0.4 -2.1x 62x – 7 8 24 280 6 19 –

mvims‡¶c m~PKAvwd«Kvi Dc-mvnviv AÂj 965 -0.1 1.3 35 51 – – – 35799 6 17 7

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gv_vwcQy wRGbAvB - wek¦e¨vsK|

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gy`ªvùxwZi nvi - wek¦e¨vsK|

cÖwZw`b 1.25 Wjv‡ii Kg DcvR©bKvix RbmsL¨vi nvi (%) - wek¦e¨vsK|

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FY †mev - wek¦e¨vsK|

m~P‡Ki msÁv

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cÖwZw`b 1 Wjv‡ii Kg DcvR©bKvix RbmsL¨vi nvi (%) - 1993 mv‡ji AvšÍR©vwZK g~j¨nv‡ii wnmv‡eˆ`wbK 1.08 Wjv‡ii Kg (hv μq ¶gZv c¨vwiwU mgš^‡qi ci, 1985 mv‡j ˆ`wbK 1 Wjv‡ii mgvb)Av‡q RxebaviYKvix RbmsL¨vi kZKiv nvi| μq ¶gZv c¨vwiwU wewbgq nvi wewfbœ mgq ms‡kvwaZnIqvi Kvi‡Y, G‡KKwU †`‡ki `vwi`ª¨ nvi c~e©eZ©x ms¯‹i‡Y D‡jøwLZ `vwi`ª¨ nv‡ii m‡½ Zzjbv †hvM¨ bq|

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FY †mev - ê‡`wkK, miKvwi Ges miKvwi M¨vivw›U hy³ `xN© †gqvw` F‡Yi my I Avm‡ji wKw¯Í cwi‡kv‡ai†gvU A_©|


gv_vwcQy†gvU

RvZxqAvq

(gvwK©bWjvi)2007


RbmsL¨vi nvi(%)

2005




2006





nvi (%)

1990 2006


cÖe„w×i nvi (%)

1970-1990 1990-2007

Mo evwl©K


1990-2007†`k I AÂjmg~n

a: wbgœ Avq (935 gvwK©b Wjvi ev Zvi Kg)

b: wbgœ-gvSvwi Avq (936-3,705 gvwK©b Wjvi)|

c: D”P-gvSvwi Avq (3,706-11,455 gvwK©b Wjvi)|

d: D”P Avq (11,456 gvwK©b Wjvi ev Zvi †ewk)|

AvdMvwb¯Ívb 100 29 63 60 – 33 10 16 – 14 13 1600 1800 8Avj‡ewbqv 109 99 99 100 98 97 60 97 – 100 98 20 92 490Avj‡Rwiqv 104 79 98 99 106 112 61 89 – 95 95 120x 180 220G¨v‡Ûviv – – 101 – 103 – – – – – – – – –G¨v‡½vjv 108 65 – 102 – 90 6 80 – 47 46 – 1400 12G¨vw›U¸qv I eviey v – – – – – – 53 100 – 100 – 0 – –Av‡R©w›Ubv 111 100 99 – 110 – – 99 89y 99 99 48 77 530Av‡g©wbqv 110 100 105 99 104 102 53 93 71 98 97 27 76 980A‡÷ªwjqv 106 – 101 – 102 – – 100x – 100x – – 4 13300Aw÷ªqv 107 – 101 – – – 51x 100x – 100x – – 4 21500AvRvievBRvb 112 99 97 98 96 98 51 77 45 88 78 29 82 670evnvgv 108 – 103 – 102 – – 98 – 99 – – 16 2700evnivBb 104 96 100 100 105 111 62x 97x – 98x 98x 46x 32 1300evsjv‡`k 103 82 104 106 104 114 56 51 21 18 15 320 570 51eviev‡Wvm 107 – 99 – 101 – 55x 100 – 100 – 0x 16 4400†ejviæm 119 100 98 101 102 102 73 99 – 100 100 12 18 4800†ejwRqvg 108 – 100 – 96 – 78x – – – – – 8 7800†ewjR 108 – 101 100 108 103 34 94 76x 96 88 42 52 560†ewbb 104 53 84 87 50 66 17 84 61 74 78 400 840 20f‚Uvb 105 63 100 91 101 – 35y 88 – 56 55 260 440 55ewjwfqv 107 90 101 99 98 98 58 79 58 67 57 230 290 89emwbqv I nvi‡R‡Mvwfbv 107 95 – 97 – 100 36 99 – 100 100 9 3 29000†evZ‡mvqvbv 100 100 103 103 114 122 48 97 – 94 80x 330x 380 130eªvwRj 111 101 102 100x 111 119x 77x 97 87 88x 97 53 110 370eªæ‡bB `viæmmvjvg 106 96 100 – 105 – – 100x – 99x – 0x 13 2900eyj‡Mwiqv 110 99 99 – 98 – 86x – – 99 – 7 11 7400eyiwKbv dv‡mv 106 59 82 90 72 91 17 85 18 54 51 480x 700 22eyiæwÛ 106 78 97 97 – 79 9 92 – 34 29 620 1100 16K‡¤^vwWqv 109 79 98 102 85 90 40 69 27 44 22 470 540 48K¨v‡giæb 102 78 – 94 – 93 29 82 60 63 61 670 1000 24KvbvWv 106 – 100 – – – 75x – – 98 – – 7 11000†Kc fv‡`© 109 88 99 100x 113 – 61 98 64x 78 78 15 210 120ga¨ Avwd«Kvb cÖRvZš¿ 106 52 72 84 71 64 19 69 40x 53 51 540 980 25Pv` 105 31 70 76 33 51 3 39 18 14 13 1100 1500 11wPwj 108 100 – – – – 58y 95x – 100 100 20 16 3200Pxb 105 93 100 – – – 85 90 – 98 88 41 45 1300Kjw¤^qv 111 100 100 102 111 111 78 94 83 96 92 73 130 290K‡gviæm 107 87 95 100 101 103 26 75 52x 62 43x 380 400 52K‡½v 105 89 90 101 – 104 21 86 75 83 82 780 740 22KzK ØxccyÄÖRvZš¿ – – 103 – 110 – 44 – – 98 – 6x – –†Kv÷vwiKv 106 101 102 102 110 110 96 92 – 99 94 36 30 1400AvBfwi †Kv÷ 104 63 80 87 57 69 13 85 45 57 54 540 810 27†μv‡qwkqv 110 98 99 – 102 – – – – 100 – 10 7 10500wKDev 105 100 101 – 103 – 77 100 – 100 – 21 45 1400mvBcÖvm 107 98 100 – 102 – – – – – – 0x 10 6400†PK cÖRvZš¿ 108 – 103 – – – 69x 99x 97x 100 – 8 4 18100†Kvwiqv,MYZvwš¿K cÖRvZš¿ 106 – – – – – 62x – – 97 – 110x 370 140K‡½v, MYZvwš¿K cÖRvZš¿106 67 – 89 – 81 31 85 – 74 70 1300 1100 13†WbgvK© 106 – 101 – 103 – – – – – – 10x 3 17800wReywZ 105 – 82 97 66 84 18 92 7 61 74 74x 650 35†WvwgwbKv – – 106 – 110 – 50x 100 – 99 – 0 – –†WvwgwbKvb cÖRvZš¿ 109 101 103 104 122 145 73 99 95 98 98 160 150 230BKz‡qWi 108 98 101 – 102 – 73 84 58 99x 74 110 210 170wgki 107 73 96 97 94 93 59 70 59 74 65 84 130 230Gj mvjfvì 109 94 100 – 105 – 67 86 71 92 69 71 170 190BKz‡q‡Uvwiqvj wMwb 105 86 90 98 – 95 – 86 – 65 – – 680 28BwiwÎqv 109 – 87 93 67 92 8 70 41 28 26 1000x 450 44G¨v‡¯Ívwbqv 117 100 99 – 102 – 70 – – 100 – 7 25 2900Bw_Iwcqv 105 46 92 101 65 77 15 28 12 6 5 670 720 27wdwR 107 – 100 – 110 – 44 – – 99 – 34 210 160wdbj¨vÛ 108 – 100 – 100 – – 100x – 100x 100 6x 7 8500d«vÝ 109 – 100 – 102 – 75x 99x – 99x – 10x 8 6900M¨veb 101 91 99 100 – 106 33 94 63 86 85 520 520 53

cyiæ‡liZzjbvq bvixi

cÖZ¨vwkZAvqyi nvi

(%)2007

cyiæ‡li Zzjbvqbvixi eq¯‹

mv¶iZvi nvi (%) 2000-2007*

Rb¥wb‡ivaKeënvi (%)

2000-2007*Kgc‡ÿPvievi

`ÿ¯^v¯’¨Kg©xiZË¡veav‡b

†mev`vbKvwicÖwZôv‡bi

mnvqZvq cÖme

cyiæ‡li Zzjbvq bvixi we`¨vj‡qfwZ©i nvi (%)

cÖK…Z cÖK…ZcÖv_wgK we`¨vjq gva¨wgK we`¨vjq2000-2007* 2000-2007*

fwZ© Dcw¯’wZ fwZ© Dcw¯’wZ†`k I AÂj wi‡cvU©K…Z mgšqK…Z

2000-2007*gvZ…g„Zzï mvivRxe‡bi SuywK|

1 Rb cÖwZ

gvZ…g„Zzï AbycvZt

2005

146 w e k¦ w k ï c w i w ¯’ w Z 2 0 0 9

cÖmeKv‡j†mev`v‡bi nvi (%)

2000-2007*

Kgc‡ÿGKevi

cÖme-c~e©†mev`v‡bi nvi (%)

2000-2007*

mviwY 8. bvix

... mviwY 8

Mvw¤^qv 103 – 109 103 94 87 18 98 – 57 55 730 690 32RwR©qv 112 – 103 101 105 98 47 94 75 98 96 23 66 1100Rvg©vbx 107 – 100 – – – 75x – – – – 8x 4 19200Nvbv 101 81 97 100 91 99 17 92 69 50 49 210x 560 45MÖxm 106 98 100 – 101 – – – – – – 1x 3 25900†MÖbvWv 105 – 99 – 102 – 54y 100 – 100 – 0 – –¸qv‡Zgvjv 111 86 96 94x 92 103x 43 84 – 41 42 130 290 71wMwb 106 42 86 87 57 66 9 82 49 38 31 980 910 19wMwb-wemvD 107 72 71 97 55 88 10 78 – 39 36 410 1100 13Mvqvbv 109 – – 100 – 110 34 81 – 83 83 120 470 90nvBwZ 106 106 – 107 – 117 32 85 54 26 25 630 670 44nwj wm – – – – – – – – – – – – – –ûÛzivm 110 102 102 104 – 123 65 92 81 67 67 110x 280 93nv‡½ix 112 100 99 – 100 – 77x – – 100 – 8 6 13300AvBmj¨vÛ 104 – 99 – 102 – – – – – – – 4 12700fviZ 105 71 96 96 – 83 56 74 37 47 39 300 450 70B‡›`v‡bwkqv 106 93 97 101 100 104 61 93 81 72 40 310 420 97Bivb (Bmjvgx cÖRvZš¿) 105 88 110 97 94 – 79 77x 94y 97 96 25 140 300BivK 107 76 86 88 70 75 50 84 – 89 63 84 300 72Avqvij¨vÛ 106 – 101 – 106 – – – – 100 100 6x 1 47600BmivBj 105 – 101 – 100 – – – – – – 5x 4 7800BZvjx 108 99 99 – 101 – 60x – – – – 7x 3 26600R¨vgvBKv 108 113 100 100 105 105 69 91 87x 97 94 95 170 240Rvcvb 109 – 100 – 100 – 56 – – 100x – 8x 6 11600RW©vb 105 93 102 100 103 104 57 99 94 99 99 41x 62 450KvRvL¯Ívb 118 100 100 99 100 100 51 100 70x 100 100 70 140 360†Kwbqv 104 90 102 100 97 114 39 88 52 42 40 410 560 39wKwievwZ – – 101 – 111 – 21x 88x – 85x – 56 – –Kz‡qZ 105 97 99 – 105 – 50x 95x – 98x 98x 5x 4 9600wKiwMR¯Ívb 113 100 99 103 102 103 48 97 81x 98 97 100 150 240

jvI RbMYZvwš¿K cÖRvZš¿104 83 94 95 86 84 38 27 – 19 – 410 660 33

jvUwfqv 116 100 103 – – – 48x – – 100 – 9 10 8500†jevbb 106 – 99 99 110 113 58 96 – 98x – 100x 150 290†j‡m‡_v 99 123 104 108 154 171 37 90 70 55 52 760x 960 45jvB‡ewiqv 104 85 97 – 58 – 11 85 – 51 37 580x 1200 12wjweqv Avie Rvgvwnwiqv 107 83 – – – – 45x 81x – 94x – 77x 97 350wjL‡Ubw÷b – – 103 – 111 – – – – – – – – –wj_yqvwbqv 116 100 99 – 101 – 47x – – 100 – 13 11 7800jy‡·gevM© 108 – 101 – 105 – – – – 100 – 0x 12 5000gv`vMv¯‹vi 106 85 100 104 104 125 27 80 40 51 32 470 510 38gvjvDwq 101 82 106 102 93 96 42 92 57 54 54 810 1100 18gvj‡qwkqv 107 95 100 – 110 – 55x 79 – 98 98 28 62 560gvjØxc 102 100 100 – 109 – 39 81 – 84 – 140 120 200gvwj 109 51 79 74 – 68 8 70 35 45 45 460 970 15gvëv 105 104 99 – 107 – – – – 98x – – 8 8300gvk©vj ØxccyÄ – – 99 – 108 – 34 – – 95x – 74 – –†gŠwiZvwbqv 106 76 105 105 90 82 8 64 16 57 49 750 820 22gwikvm 110 94 102 – 102 – 76 – – 98 98 22 15 3300†gw·‡Kv 107 96 99 100 99 – 71 86x – 93 86 62 60 670

gvB‡μv‡bwmqv (†dWv‡i‡UW iv÷ª) 102 – – – – – 45x – – 88 – 270x – –

gj‡`vfv, cÖRvZš¿ 111 99 100 102 104 103 68 98 89 100 99 16 22 3700†gvbv‡Kv – – – – – – – – – – – – – –g‡½vwjqv 110 101 102 102 113 106 66 99 – 99 99 90 46 840g‡›Uwb‡MÖv 106 – – 99 – 101 39 97 – 99 100 23 – –gi‡°v 106 63 94 95 84 93 63 68 31 63 61 230 240 150†gvRvw¤^K 102 58 93 90 91 80 17 85 53 48 48 410 520 45gvqvbgvi 111 92 101 102 100 94 34 76 – 57 16 320 380 110bvwgweqv 101 99 106 101 132 132 55 95 70 81 81 270 210 170bvDiæ – – – – – – – – – – – – – –



cÖZ¨vwkZAvqyi nvi

(%)2007


mv¶iZvi nvi (%) 2000-2007*




†mev`vbKvwicÖwZôv‡bi

mnvqZvq cÖme



fwZ© Dcw¯’wZ fwZ© Dcw¯’wZ wi‡cvU©K…Z mgšqK…Z

gvZ…g„Zzï mvivRxe‡bi SuywK|

1 Rb cÖwZ


2005


2000-2007*

Kgc‡ÿGKevi


2000-2007*

mviwY 8. bvix

†bcvj 102 62 96 95 – 83 48 44 29 19 18 280 830 31†b`vij¨vÛm 106 – 99 – 101 – 79x – – 100x – – 6 10200wbDwRj¨vÛ 105 – 100 – 103 – 75x 95x – 100x – 15x 9 5900wbKviv¸qv 109 102 100 108 116 132 72 90 78 74 66 87 170 150bvBRvi 97 37 71 70 63 65 11 46 15 33 17 650 1800 7bvB‡Rwiqv 102 80 86 88 84 87 13 58 47 35 33 – 1100 18bvBD – – – – 105x – – – – 100 – – – –biI‡q 106 – 101 – 101 – – – – – – 6x 7 7700

AwaK…Z wdwjw¯Íb f‚LÛ 104 92 100 101 106 – 50 99 – 99 97 – – –

Igvb 104 87 102 – 99 – 32 100 83y 98 98 13 64 420cvwK Ívb 101 59 78 85 77 78 30 61 28 39 34 530x 320 74cvjvD – – 96 – – – 17 – – 100 – 0x – –cvbvgv 107 99 99 – 111 – – 72x – 91 92 66 130 270cvcyqv wbD wMwb 111 86 – – – – 26x 78x – 41 – 370x 470 55c¨viv¸‡q 106 99 101 100 106 99 73 94 79 77 74 120 150 170†ciæ 107 90 102 101 100 100 71 91 87 71 72 190 240 140wdwjcvBb 106 101 102 102 121 127 51 88 70 60 38 160 230 140†cvj¨vÛ 112 99 101 – 102 – 49x – – 100 – 3 8 10600cZ©yMvj 108 97 99 – 110 – – – – 100 – 8x 11 6400KvZvi 102 100 101 – 98 – 43x – – 99x 98x 10x 12 2700†Kvwiqv, cÖRvZš¿ 110 – 93 – 94 – 81x – – 100x – 20x 14 6100iægvwbqv 110 99 100 – 98 – 70 94 76 98 98 15 24 3200iæk †dWv‡ikb 123 100 100 – – – – – – 100 – 24 28 2700iæqvÛv 107 84 107 103 – 88 17 94 13 39 28 750 1300 16†m›U wKUm&& I †bwfm – – 122 – 87 – 54y 100 – 100 – 0 – –†m›U jywmqv 105 – 98 – 124 – 47x 99 – 100 – 0 – –

†m›U wfb‡m›U I

†MÖbvWvBbm&& 106 – 96 – 124 – 48y 95 – 100 – 0 – –

mv‡gvqv 109 99 100 – 114 – 43x – – 100x – 29 – –mvb g¨vwi‡bv – – – – – – – – – – – – – –mvI‡Uv‡g I wcÖwÝ‡c 106 89 101 101 111 105 30 97 – 81 78 150 – –†mŠw` Avie 106 89 – – – – 32x 90x – 91x 91x – 18 1400†m‡bMvj 107 61 98 102 76 78 12 87 40 52 62 400 980 21mvwe©qv 106 – 100 100 – 103 41 98 – 99 99 13 – –wmwmwj – 101 101 – 106 – – – – – – 57 – –wm‡qiv wjIb 108 54 – 101 71 79 5 81 – 43 19 1800 2100 8wm½vcyi 105 94 – – – – 62x – – 100x – 6x 14 6200†møvfvwKqv 111 – 101 – – – 74x – – 100 – 4 6 13800†møv‡fwbqv 110 100 100 – 101 – 74x 98x – 100 – 17 6 14200m‡jvgb ØxdcyÄ 103 – 99 – 87 – 7 – – 85x – 140x 220 100†mvgvwjqv 105 – – 82 – 51 15 26 6 33 9 1000 1400 12`wÿY Avwd«Kv 103 98 100 104x 112 117x 60 92 73x 92 – 170 400 110†¯úb 108 98 99 – 103 – 81x – – – – 6x 4 16400kªxj¼v 111 96 100 – – – 68 99 – 99 98 43 58 850my vb 105 73 83 93 – 133 7 60 – 87 – 550x 450 53mywibvg 110 95 103 99 138 121 46 90 – 90 88 150 72 530†mvqvwRj¨vÛ 100 97 101 103 121 132 51 85 79 69 74 590 390 120myB‡Wb 106 – 100 – 100 – – – – – – 5x 3 17400myBRvij¨vÛ 107 – 99 – 95 – 82x – – – – 5x 5 13800wmwiqv Avie cÖRvZš¿ 105 85 95 100 95 101 58 84 – 93 70 65 130 210ZvRvwK¯Ívb 108 100 96 99 84 83 38 77 – 83 62 97 170 160_vBj¨vÛ 113 97 99 100 111 109 77 98 – 97 97 12 110 500

†gwm‡Wvwbqvi mv‡eK hy‡Mvmøvf cÖRvZš¿ 107 97 100 96 98 99 – 94 – 99 99 4 10 6500

wZgyi-†jm_&& 103 – 96 98 – – 20 61 30 18 10 – 380 35U‡Mv 106 56 87 93 48 70 17 84 46x 62 63 480x 510 38†Uv½v 103 100 97 – 125 – 33 – – 95 – 78 – –wÎwb`v` I †Uvev‡Mv 106 99 100 100 104 107 43 96 – 98 97 45x 45 1400wZDwbwmqv 106 80 101 98 110 – 66 92 – 90 89 69x 100 500Zzi¯‹ 107 84 96 96 86 83 71 81 54 83 78 29 44 880ZzK©‡gwb¯Ívb 114 100 – 100 – 100 48 99 83 100 98 14 130 290

148 w e k¦ w k ï c w i w ¯’ w Z 2 0 0 9


cÖZ¨vwkZAvqyi nvi

(%)2007


mv¶iZvi nvi (%) 2000-2007*




¯^v¯’¨‡K‡›`ªcÖme



fwZ© Dcw¯’wZ fwZ© Dcw¯’wZ wi‡cvU©K…Z mgšqK…Z2000-2007*


1 Rb cÖwZ


2005


2000-2007*

Kgc‡ÿGKevi


2000-2007*

... mviwY 8

Uzfv‡jv – – – – – – 32 – – 100 – – – –DMvÛv 103 80 – 99 90 94 24 94 47 42 41 440 550 25BD‡μb 119 100 100 102 101 102 67 99 – 99 99 17 18 5200mshy³ Avie AvwgivZ 106 98 100 – 102 – 28x 97x – 99x 99x 3x 37 1000hy³ivR¨ 106 – 101 – 104 – 84 – – 99x – 7x 8 8200

ZvÄvwbqv, mshy³ cÖRvZš¿ 104 83 99 106 90 108 26 78 62 43 47 580 950 24hy³ivóª 107 – 102 – 100 – 76x – – 99x – 8x 11 4800Diæ¸‡q 110 101 100 – – – 84 94x 97 100x – 35 20 2100DR‡ewK¯Ívb 110 98 – 100 – 98 65 99 79x 100 97 28 24 1400fvbyqvZz 106 95 99 – 87 – 28 – – 88x – 68x – –

†f‡bRy‡qjv 108 99 100 102 114 147 77x 94 – 95 95 61 57 610

wf‡qZbvg 105 93x – 100 – 102 76 91 29 88 64 160 150 280D‡q‡gb 105 53 76 60x 53 37x 28 41 11x 36 24 370 430 39Rvw¤^qv 101 78x 104 105 80 112 34 93 72 43 44 730 830 27wR¤^vey‡q 97 94 101 102 96 93 60 94 71 69 68 560 880 43

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we`¨vj‡q Dcw¯’wZi msL¨v‡K cÖv_wgK we`¨vj‡q hvIqvi AvbyôvwbK eq‡mi †gvU wkïi kZKiv Ask wnmv‡e †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q| gva¨wgK we`¨vj‡q Dcw¯’wZi cÖK…Z AbycvZ - AvbyôvwbKfv‡e gva¨wgK we`¨vj‡q fwZ© nIqvi eqmx wkïi gva¨wgK I

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Zvi kZKiv nvi| gvZ…g„Zzï AbycvZ - cÖwZ 100,000 RxweZ R‡b¥ eQ‡i KZRb gv gviv hvb †mB msL¨v| wi‡cvU©K…Z Kjv‡g mswkøó †`k KZ©„K

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mvims‡¶c m~PKAvwd«Kvi Dc-mvnviv AÂj104 75 93 95 84 87 23 72 42 45 40 – 920 22

c~e© I `w¶Y Avwd«Kv 104 79 98 101 90 92 30 72 40 40 33 – 760 29cwðg I ga¨ Avwd«Kv 103 72 86 89 77 84 17 71 44 49 46 – 1100 17

ga¨cÖvP¨ I DËi Avwd«Kv 105 78 94 96 92 97 56 72 – 81 71 – 210 140`w¶Y Gwkqv 104 71 94 95 – 85 53 68 34 41 35 – 500 59c~e© Gwkqv IcÖkvšÍ gnvmvMixq AÂj 106 93 99 101** 103** 105** 78 89 66** 87 73 – 150 350

j¨vwUb Av‡gwiKv IK¨vwiexq AÂj 109 99 100 101 107 – 69 94 83 85 86 – 130 280wmBB/wmAvBGm 115 97 98 98 95 96 64 90 – 94 89 – 46 1300wk‡ívbœZ †`kmg~n§ 108 – 101 – 101 – 72 – – – – – 8 8000Dbœqbkxj †`kmg~n§ 105 86 96 96** 97** 91** 60 77 46** 61 54 – 450 76¯^‡ívbœZ †`kmg~n§ 104 72 94 97 86 94 29 64 32 39 32 – 870 24wek¦ 106 88 97 96** 98** 91** 62 77 47** 62 54 – 400 92




cÖZ¨vwkZAvqyi nvi

(%)2007


mv¶iZvi nvi (%) 2000-2007*




¯^v¯’¨‡K‡›`ªcÖme



fwZ© Dcw¯’wZ fwZ© Dcw¯’wZ wi‡cvU©K…Z mgšqK…Z


1 Rb cÖwZ


2005


2000-2007*

Kgc‡ÿGKevi


2000-2007*

wkï kªg (5-14 eQi)1999-2007*

†gvU

mviwY 9: wkï myiÿv

bMi MÖvg †gvU

Kb¨vbbvixa (15-49 eQi)

AvdMvwb Ívb 30 28 33 43 – – 6 12 4 – – – – – – –Avj‡ewbqv 12 14 9 8 7 8 98 97 98 – – – – 30 16 49Avj‡Rwiqv 5 6 4 2 2 2 99 99 99 – – – – 68 1y 86G¨v‡½vjv 24 22 25 – – – 29 34 19 – – – – – – –Av‡R©w›Ubv 7y 8y 5y – – – 91y – – – – – – – – –Av‡g©wbqv 4y – – 10 7 16 96 97 95 – – – – 22 12y –AvRvievBRvb 7y 8y 5y 12 – – 94 96 92 – – – – 49 – 75evnivBb 5 6 3 – – – – – – – – – – – – –evsjv‡`k 13 18 8 64 58 69 10 13 9 – – – – – 21 –†ejviæm 5 6 4 7 6 10 – – – – – – – – – 83†ejwRqvg 40 39 42 – – – 94 92 97 – – – – 12 44 68†ewbb 46 47 45 34 19 47 60 68 56 13 9 15 2 47 – –f‚Uvb 19y 16y 22y – – – – – – – – – – – – –ewjwfqv 22 22 22 26 22 37 74 76 72 – – – – – – –emwbqv I nvi‡R‡Mvwfbv 5 7 4 6 2 7 100 99 100 – – – – 5 10 36†evZ‡mvqvbv – – – 10x 13x 9x 58 66 52 – – – – – – –eªvwRj 6y 7y 4y 24x 22x 30x 89y – – – – – – – – –eyiwKbv dv‡mv 47y 46y 48y 48 29 61 64 86 58 73 76 71 25 71 – 83eyiæwÛ 19 19 19 18 14 18 60 62 60 – – – – – – –K‡¤^vwWqv 45y 45y 45y 23 18 25 66 71 66 – – – – 55 – –K¨v‡giæb 31 31 30 36 23 57 70 86 58 1 1 2 1 56 33 92†Kc fv‡`© 3y 4y 3y – – – – – – – – – – – 1y –ga¨ Avwd«Kvb cÖRvZš¿ 47 44 49 61 57 64 49 72 36 26 21 29 7 – 48 88Pv` 53 54 51 72 65 73 9 36 3 45 47 44 21 – 3y –wPwj 3 3 2 – – – 95y – – – – – – – – –Pxb – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 2y –Kjw¤^qv 5 6 4 23 19 38 90 97 77 – – – – – 3y –K‡gviæm 27 26 28 30x 23x 33x 83 87 83 – – – – – – –K‡½v 25 24 25 31 24 40 81y 88y 75y – – – – 76 – –†Kv÷vwiKv 5 6 3 – – – – – – – – – – – – –AvBfwi †Kv÷ 35 36 34 35 27 43 55 79 41 36 34 39 9 65 – 90wKDev – – – – – – 100y 100y 100y – – – – – – –†Kvwiqv, MYZvwš¿K cÖRvZš¿ – – – – – – 99 99 99 – – – – – – –K‡½v, MYZvwš¿K cÖRvZš¿ 32 29 34 – – – 34 30 36 – – – – – – –wReywZ 8 8 8 5 5 13 89 90 82 93 93 96 49 – – 70†WvwgwbKvb cÖRvZš¿ 10 12 7 40 38 47 78 82 70 – – – – 9 5y 83BKz‡qWi 12 12 13 22 – – 85 85 85 – – – – – – –wgki 7 8 5 17 9 22 99 99 99 96 92 98 28y 50 8y 92Gj mvjfvì 6y 9y 4y 27 – – – – – – – – – – – –BKz‡q‡Uvwiqvj wMwb 28 28 28 – – – 32 43 24 – – – – – – –BwiwÎqv – – – 47 31 60 – – – 89 86 91 63 – – –Bw_Iwcqv 53 59 46 49 27 55 7 29 5 74 69 76 38 81 – –M¨veb – – – 34 30 49 89 90 87 – – – – – – –Mvw¤^qv 25 20 29 36 24 45 55 57 54 78 72 83 64 74 – 84RwR©qv 18 20 17 17 12 23 92 97 87 – – – – 7 30 66Nvbv 34 34 34 22 15 28 51 69 42 4 2 6 1 47 21 89¸qv‡Zgvjv 29 25 32 34 25 44 – – – – – – – – 2y –wMwb 25 26 24 63 45 75 43 78 33 96 94 96 57 86 – –wMwb-wemvD 39 41 37 24 14 32 39 53 33 45 39 48 35 52 – 80Mvqvbv 19 21 17 20 15 22 93 96 92 – – – – 18 – 74nvBwZ 21 22 19 30 27 33 81 87 78 – – – – 29 – –ûÛzivm 16 16 15 39 33 46 94 95 93 – – – – 16 – –fviZ 12 12 12 47 29 56 41 59 35 – – – – 54 – –B‡›`v‡bwkqv 4y 5y 4y 24 15 33 55 69 43 – – – – 25 – –BivK 11 12 9 17 16 19 95 95 96 – – – – 59 21 84R¨vgvBKv 6 7 5 9 7 11 89 88 89 – – – – 6 24 87RW©vb – – – 10 – – – – – – – – – 90 – –KvRvL¯Ívb 2 2 2 7 6 9 99 99 99 – – – – 10 – 52†Kwbqv 26 27 25 25 19 27 48y 64y 44y 32 21 36 21 68 – –wKiwMR Ívb 4 4 3 10 7 14 94 96 93 – – – – 38 – 51jvI RbMYZvwš¿K cÖRvZš¿ 25 24 26 – – – 59 71 56 – – – – – – –†jevbb 7 8 6 11 – – – – – – – – – – – –†j‡m‡_v 23 25 21 23 13 26 26 39 24 – – – – – – –jvB‡ewiqv – – – 40 – – – – – – – – – – – –gv`vMv¯‹vi 32 36 28 39 29 42 75 87 72 – – – – 28 – –gvjvDwq 29 28 29 50 38 53 – – – – – – – 28 – –gvjØxc – – – – – – 73 – – – – – – 70 – –gvwj 34 35 33 71 60 77 53 75 45 85 81 87 69 75 – –†gŠwiZvwbqv 4y 5y 3y 35 27 44 56 75 42 72 60 84 66 – 30 –†gw·‡Kv 16y 15y 16y 28x 31x 21x – – – – – – – – – –gj‡`vfv, cÖRvZš¿ 32 32 33 19 16 22 98 98 98 – – – – 21 – –g‡½vwjqv 18 19 17 9 7 12 98 98 99 – – – – 20 26 79g‡›Uwb‡MÖv 10 12 8 5 5 5 98 98 99 – – – – 11 14 61gi‡°v 11y 13y 9y 16 12 21 85 92 80 – – – – – – –†gvRvw¤^K – – – 56 41 66 – – – – – – – – – –gvqvbgvi – – – – – – 65y 88y 59y – – – – – – –bvwgweqv 13y 15y 12y 9 – – 67 83 59 – – – – 35 – –†bcvj 31y 30y 33y 51 41 54 35 42 34 – – – – 23 – –wbKviv¸qv 15 18 11 43 36 55 81 90 73 – – – – 17 – –bvBRvi 43 43 43 75 42 84 32 71 25 2 2 2 1 70 – –bvB‡Rwiqv 13y – – 43 27 52 33y 52y 25y 19 28 14 10 65 – –AwaK…Z wdwjw¯Íb f‚LÛ – – – 19 – – 96y 97y 96y – – – – – – 95cvwK¯Ívb – – – 32x 21x 37x – – – – – – – – – –cvbvgv 3 5 2 – – – – – – – – – – – – –c¨viv¸‡q 15 17 12 24x 18x 32x – – – – – – – – – –

†gvUbMi MÖvg†gvU†gvU MÖvgbMigwnjvcyiæl†`k I AÂj

bvix‡ì †hŠbv½ †Q`b/KZ©b 2002-2007*evj¨weevn 1998-2007*

Rb¥ wbeÜb2000-2007*

150 w e k¦ w k ï c w i w ¯’ w Z 2 0 0 9

wkï‡ì kvw¯Í 2005-2007*

†gvU

wkï cÖwZeÜx

1999-2007*

†gvU

cwivevwiKmwnsmZvi cÖwZ

„wófw½ 2001-2007*

†gvU

... mviwY 9

UxKv - DcvË cvIqv hvqwb|x †hme DcvË Kjvg-wk‡ivbv‡g DwjøwLZ mgqKv‡ji †P‡q wfbœ mg‡qi, gvbm¤§Z msÁvi †P‡q Avjv`v, A_ev GKwU †`‡ki GKvs‡ki Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨| G ai‡bi DcvË AvÂwjK Ges êwk¦K M‡oi cwimsL¨v‡b AšÍfy©³ nqwb|y †h-me DcvË Kjvg-wk‡ivbv‡g DwjøwLZ mgqKv‡ji †P‡q wfbœ mg‡qi, gvbm¤§Z msÁvi †P‡q Avjv`v, A_ev GKwU †`‡ki GKvs‡ki Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨| GB DcvË AvÂwjK ev êwk¦K M‡oi m‡½ wnmve Kiv nqwb|n bvB‡Rwiqv e¨ZxZ|

†hme DcvË Kjvg-wk‡ivbv‡g DwjøwLZ mgqKv‡ji †P‡q wfbœ mg‡qi, gvbm¤§Z msÁvi †P‡q Avjv`v, A_ev GKwU †`‡ki GKvs‡ki Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨| G ai‡bi DcvË AvÂwjK Ges êwk¦K M‡oi cwimsL¨v‡b AšÍfy©³ nqwb|* Dc¯’vwcZ DcvË DwjøwLZ mgqKv‡ji g‡a¨ me©mv¤cÖwZK †h eQ‡i cvIqv †M‡Q Zv‡K wb‡`©k K‡i|** Pxb e¨ZxZ|*** Pxb Ges bvB‡Rwiqv e¨ZxZ|

Z_¨-Dcv‡Ëi cÖavb m~Î

wkï kªg - gvwëcj BwÛ‡KUi K¬v÷vi mv‡f©(GmAvBwmGm) Ges RbmsL v I v ’ Rwic(wWGBPGm)|

evj weevn - GgAvBwmGm, wWGBPGm Ges Ab vb¨RvZxq Rwic|

Rb¥ wbeÜb - GgAvBwmGm, wWGBPGm, Ab vb RvZxqRwic Ges cÖavb cÖavb wbeÜb c×wZ|

†hŠbv½ †Q`b/KZ©b - GgAvBwmGm, wWGBPGm GesAb vb RvZxq Rwic|

mwnsmZvi cÖwZ „wóf½x - GgAvBwmGm, wWGBPGmGes Ab vb RvZxq Rwic|

wkï cÖwZewÜZv - GgAvBwmGm, wWGBPGm GesAb vb RvZxq Rwic|

wkï kvw Í - GgAvBwmGm, wWGBPGm Ges Ab vb¨RvZxq Rwic|

m~P‡Ki msÁv

wkï kªg - Rwi‡ci mgq 5 †_‡K 14 eQi eqmx †hme wkï kªg Kg©Kv‡Û RwoZ wQj Zv‡ì kZKiv nvi| GKwU wkï wb‡P ewY©Z †kªYxKiY Abymv‡i wkï kªg Kg©Kv‡Û wb‡qvwRZ e‡j aivn‡q‡Q: (K) Rwi‡ci wVK Av‡Mi mßv‡n 5 †_‡K 11 eQi eqmx †hme wkï AšÍZ GK eQ‡ii Rb¨ Avw_©K Kg©Kv‡Û A_ev AšÍZ 28 N›Uvi Rb¨ M„n ’vwji Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ wQj, Ges (L)Rwi‡ci wVK Av‡Mi mßv‡n 12 †_‡K 14 eQi eqmx †hme wkï AšÍZ 14 N›Uvi Rb¨ Avw_©K Kg©Kv‡Û A_ev AšÍZ 42 N›Uvi Rb¨ mw¤§wjZfv‡e A_©‰bwZK Kg©Kv‡Û I M„n ’vwji Kv‡Rwb‡qvwRZ wQj|

wkï kª‡gi cUf~wg msμvšÍ PjKmg~n - wkïi wj½; kû‡i A_ev MÖvgxY Avevm ’j; cwiev‡ii m¤úwËi wfwË‡Z wbwY©Z RbmsL¨vi me‡P‡q `wi ª 20% A_ev me‡P‡q abx 20% (cwiev‡iim¤ú` wnmve c×wZ AviI we ÍvwiZ weeiY www.childinfo.org- G †`Lv †h‡Z cv‡i); gv‡qi wk¶v hv‡Z wKQy gvÎvq wk¶v ev †Kv‡bv wk¶v †bB Ggb gv‡q‡ì AšÍf©y³ Kiv n‡q‡Q|

evj¨weevn - 20-24 eQi eqmx gwnjv‡ì g‡a¨ hv‡ì 18 eQi eqm c~Y© nevi Av‡MB we‡q A_ev †hŠbwgwjb n‡q‡Q Zv‡ì kZKiv nvi|Rb¥ wbeÜb - Rwi‡ci mgq cuvP eQ‡ii Kgeqmx †hme wkïi Rb¥ wbeÜb Kiv n‡q‡Q, Zv‡ì kZKiv nvi| †hme wkïi Rb¥ wbeÜb mv¶vrKvi MÖnYKvixiv †`‡L‡Qb A_ev †hme wkïi gv

wKsev cwiPh©vKvix Rvwb‡q‡Qb †h Rb¥ wbeÜb n‡q‡Q, Zv‡ì‡K GB wb‡ ©kK msL¨vq AšÍf©y³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| bvix‡ì †hŠbv½ †Q`b/KZ©b - (K) gwnjv - 15 - 49 eQi eqmx bvix‡ì g‡a¨ hv‡ì †hŠbv½ †Q`b/KZ©b Kiv n‡q‡Q, Zv‡ì kZKiv nvi| (L) Kb¨v - 15 - 49 eQi eqmx gwnjv‡ì

g‡a¨ hv‡ì AšÍZ GKwU Kb¨vi †hŠbv½ †Q`b/KZ©b Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv‡ì kZKiv nvi| †hŠbv½ †Q`b/KZ©b (GdwRGg/wm) n‡”Q mvgvwRK Kvi‡Y gwnjv‡ì †hŠbv‡½i Askwe‡kl †K‡U†djv A_ev Zvi cwieZ©b Kiv nq|

cvwievwiK mwnsmZvi cÖwZ „wóf½x - 15 †_‡K 49 eQi eqmx †hme bvix g‡b K‡i †h †Kv‡bv GKwU wbw ©ó Kvi‡Y ¯vgx ¿x‡K AvNvZ Ki‡Z ev gvi‡Z cv‡i, Zv‡ì kZKiv nvi| Lvevicy‡o hvIqv, ¯vgxi m‡½ K_v KvUvKvwU, ¯vgxi AbygwZ bv wb‡q †Kv_vI hvIqv, wkï‡ì Ae‡njv Kiv ev †hŠb Kv‡R ivwR bv nIqv - GB me ¸iæZi cwiw ’wZ‡Z ¯vgxi ¿x‡K AvNvZ Kivev gvivi †hŠw³KZv Av‡Q wK bv †m cÖkœB gwnjv‡ì Kiv n‡qwQj|

wkï cÖwZeÜx - 2-9 eQi eqmx †hme wkïi †h †Kv‡bv GK ai‡bi ( „wó, kªeY, aviYv mœvqy) cÖwZewÜZv i‡q‡Q|wkï‡ì kvw Í - 2 - 14 eQi eqmx †hme wkïi kvixwiK ev gvbwmK kvw Íi AwfÁZv i‡q‡Q Zv‡ì kZKiv nvi|

mvims‡¶c m~PK

Avwd«Kvi Dc-mvnviv AÂj 35n 36n 34n 40 25 48 37 52 30 34 30 37 19 65 – –c~e© I `w¶Y Avwd«Kv 36 38 33 36 20 43 32 41 24 43 36 46 28 65 – –cwðg I ga¨ Avwd«Kv 35n 34n 35n 44 28 55 41 57 35 28 28 29 14 64 – –

ga¨cÖvP¨ I DËi Avwd«Kv 9 10 8 18 12 23 75 86 67 – – – – – – 89`w¶Y Gwkqv 13 13 12 49 32 58 36 52 30 – – – – 53 – –c~e© Gwkqv I cÖkvšÍ gnvmvMixq AÂj 10** 11** 10** 19** 12** 25** 72** 81** 67** – – – – 34** 3 –j¨vwUb Av‡gwiKv I K¨vwiexq AÂj 11 11 10 – – – 89 92 82 – – – – – – –wmBB/wmAvBGm 5 5 5 11 11 13 92 93 92 – – – – 32 – –wk‡ívbœZ †`kmg~n§ – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Dbœqbkxj †`kmg~n§ 16***17*** 15*** 36** 22** 46** 50** 65** 39** – – – – 51** – –¯^‡ívbœZ †`kmg~n§ 30 31 28 49 37 55 29 42 25 – – – – – – –wek¦ – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

§cÖ‡Z¨K †`k-†kªYx ev AÂj-¸‡”Qi AšÍM©Z †K›`ªPvwjZ cÖ‡`kmg~nI (†Uwi‡Uvwi) G‡Z AšÍfy©³ n‡q‡Q| cÖ‡Z¨K †`k-†kªYx ev AÂj¸‡”Q AšÍfy©³ †`k I †K›`ªPvwjZ cÖ‡`kmg~‡ni ZvwjKv c„.152-G Dc¯’vwcZn‡q‡Q|

wkï kªg (5-14 eQi)1999-2007*

†gvU bMi MÖvg †gvU

Kb¨vbbvixa (15-49 eQi)

†gvUbMi MÖvg†gvU†gvU MÖvgbMigwnjvcyiæl

bvix‡ì †hŠbv½ †Q`b/KZ©b 2002-2007*evj¨weevn 1998-2007*

Rb¥ wbeÜb2000-2007*

wkï‡ì kvw¯Í 2005-2007*

†gvU

wkïcÖwZeÜx

1999-2007*

†gvU

cwivevwiKmwnsmZvi cÖwZ

„wófw½ 2001-2007*

†gvU

†ciæ 19 20 19 18 13 31 93 95 90 – – – – – – –wdwjcvBb 12 13 11 14 10 22 83 87 78 – – – – 24 – –cZ©yMvj 3y 4y 3y – – – – – – – – – – – – –iægvwbqv 1 1 1 – – – – – – – – – – – – –iæqvÛv 35 36 35 13 9 14 82 79 83 – – – – 48 2y –mvI‡Uv‡g I wcÖwÝ‡c 8 8 7 33 31 37 69 70 67 – – – – 32 29 –†m‡bMvj 22 24 21 39 23 55 55 75 44 28 22 34 20 65 – –mvwe©qv 4 5 4 6 4 8 99 99 99 – – – – 6 14 73wm‡qiv wjIb 48 49 48 56 34 66 48 62 44 94 86 97 35 85 34 92†mvgvwjqv 49 45 54 45 35 52 3 6 2 98 97 98 46 76y – –`wÿY Avwd«Kv – – – 8 5 12 78y – – – – – – – – –kªxj¼v 8 9 7 12y – – – – – – – – – – – –my vb 13 14 12 34 24 40 33 53 22 89 88 90 43y – – –mywibvg – – – 19 14 33 97 98 95 – – – – 13 39 84†mvqvwRj¨vÛ 9 9 9 5 1 6 30 38 28 – – – – 38 – –wmwiqv Avie cÖRvZš¿ 4 5 3 13 15 12 95 96 95 – – – – – – 87ZvRvwK¯Ívb 10 9 11 13 13 13 88 85 90 – – – – 74y – 74_vBj¨vÛ 8 8 8 20 12 23 99 100 99 – – – – – 15 –†gwm‡Wvwbqvi mv‡eK hy‡Mvmøvf cÖRvZš¿ 6 7 5 4 3 4 94 95 93 – – – – 21 21 69wZgyi-†jm_&& 4 4 4 – – – 53y – – – – – – – – –U‡Mv 29 29 30 24 15 36 78 93 69 6 4 7 1 53 – 90wÎwb`v` I †Uvev‡Mv 1 1 1 8 – – 96 – – – – – – 8 – 75wZDwbwmqv – – – 10x 7x 14x – – – – – – – – – –Zzi¯‹ 5 4 6 18 17 22 84 87 79 – – – – 39 – –ZzK©‡gwb¯Ívb – – – 7 9 6 96 96 95 – – – – 38y – –DMvÛv 36 37 36 46 27 52 21 24 21 1 0 1 – 70 11y –BD‡μb 7 8 7 6 6 10 100 100 100 – – – – 5 – 70ZvÄvwbqv, mshy³ cÖRvZš¿ 36 37 34 41 23 49 8 22 4 15 7 18 4 60 – –Diæ¸‡q 8y 8y 8y – – – – – – – – – – – – –DR‡ewK¯Ívb 2 2 2 7 9 7 100 100 100 – – – – 70 3 –†f‡bRy‡qjv (ewjfvwiqvb cÖRvZš¿) 8 9 6 – – – 92 – – – – – – – – –wf‡qZbvg 16 15 16 10 3 13 88 94 86 – – – – 64 4y 93D‡q‡gb 11y 11y 12y 32 28 35 22 38 16 23x 26x 22x 20x – 29 94Rvw¤^qv 12y 11y 12y 42 32 49 10 16 6 1 1 1 – 85 – –wR¤^vey‡q 13y 12y 14y 34 20 44 74 83 71 – – – – 48 – –


cÖwZwU mviwYi †k‡l †`qv Mo wb‡P MÖæc Kiv †`kI AÂjmg~n †_‡K cvIqv DcvË eënvi K‡iwnmve Kiv n‡q‡Q|

AvwdªKvi Dc-mvnviv AÂjG¨v‡½vjv; †ewbb; †evZ‡mvqvbv; eyiwKbv dv‡mv;eyiæwÛ; K¨v‡giæb; †Kc fv‡`©; ga¨ Avwd«KvbcÖRvZš¿; Pv`; K‡gvim; K‡½v; K‡½v MYZvwš¿KcÖRvZš¿; AvBfwi †Kv÷; BKz‡qUwiqvj wMwb;BwiwÎqv; Bw_Iwcqv; M¨veb; Mvw¤^qv; Nvbv; wMwb;wMwb-wemvD; †Kwbqv; †j‡mv‡_v; jvB‡ewiqv;gv`vMv¯‹vi; gvjvDwq; gvwj; †gŠwiZvwbqv;gwikvm; †gvRvw¤^K; bvwgweqv; bvBRvi;bvB‡Rwiqv; iæqvÛv; mvI‡Uv‡g I wcÖwÝ‡c;†m‡bMvj; wmwmwj; wm‡qiv wjIb; †mvgvwjqv;`w¶Y Avwd«Kv; †mvqvwRj¨vÛ; ZvÄvwbqv mshy³cÖRvZš¿; †Uv‡Mv; DMvÛv; Rvw¤^qv; wR¤^vey‡q

ga¨cÖvP¨ I DËi Avwd«KvAvj‡Rwiqv; evnivBb; wReywZ; wgki; Bivb(Bmjvgx cÖRvZš¿); BivK; RW©vb; Ky‡qZ;†jevbb; wjweqv Avie Rvgvwnwiqv; gi‡°v;AwaK…Z wdwjw¯Íb f~LÐ; Igvb; KvZvi;)†mŠwÀvie; my vb; wmwiqv Avie cÖRvZš¿; wZDwbwmqv;mshy³ Avie AvwgivZ; B‡q‡gb

`w¶Y GwkqvAvdMvwb¯Ívb; evsjv‡`k; f~Uvb; fviZ; gvjØxc;†bcvj; cvwK¯Ívb; kªxjsKv

c~e© Gwkqv I cÖkvšÍ gnvmvMixq AÂjeªæ‡bB `viæm&mvjvg; K‡¤^vwWqv; Pxb; KzK ØxccyÄ;wdwR; B‡›`v‡bwkqv; wKwievwZ; MYZvwš¿KcÖRvZš¿ †Kvwiqv; jvI RbMYZvwš¿K cªRvZš¿;gvj‡qwkqv; gvk©vj ØxccyÄ; gvB‡μv‡bwkqv†dWv‡i‡UW ivóª; g‡½vwjqv, wgqvbgvi; bvDiæ;bvBD; cvjvD; cvcyqv wbDwMwb; wdwjcvBb; mv‡gvqv; wm½vcyi;m‡jvgb ØxccyÄ; _vBj¨vÛ; wZgyi-†jm&Z; †Uv½v;Uyfvjy; fvbyqvZz; wf‡qZbvg

j¨vwUb Av‡gwiKv I K¨vwiexq AÂjG¨vw›U¸qv I evieyWv; Av‡R©w›Ubv; evnvgv;eviev‡Wvm; †ewjR; ewjwfqv; eªvwRj; wPwj;

Kjw¤^qv; †Kv÷vwiKv; wKDev; †WvwgwbKv;†WvwgwbKvb cÖRvZš¿; BKz‡qWi; Gj mvjfvì;†MÖbvWv; ¸qv‡Zgvjv; Mvqvbv; nvBwZ; nÛyivm;R¨vgvBKv; †gw·‡Kv; wbKviv¸qv; cvbvgv;c¨viv¸‡q; †ciæ; †m›U wKUm I †bwfm; †m›Ujywmqv; †m›U wfb‡m›U I †MÖbvWvBbm; mywibvg;wÎwb`v` I †Uvev‡Mv; Diæ¸‡q; †f‡bRy‡qjv

wmBB/wmAvBGmAvj‡ewbqv; Av‡g©wbqv; AvRvievBRvb; †ejviæm;emwbqv I nvi‡R‡Mvwfbv; eyj‡Mwiqv; †μv‡qwkqv;RwR©qv; KvRvL¯Ívb; wKiwMR¯Ívb; gj‡`vfvcÖRvZš¿; g‡›U‡b‡MÖv; iægvwbqv; iæk †dWv‡ikb;mvwe©qv I ZvwRwK¯Ívb; mv‡eK hy‡Mvmøvf cÖRvZš¿†gwm‡Wvwbqv; Zzi¯‹; ZzK©‡gwb¯Ívb; BD‡μb;DR‡ewK¯Ívb

wk‡ívbœZ †`k/f~-LÐG¨vb‡Wviv; A‡÷ªwjqv; Aw÷ªqv; †ejwRqvg;KvbvWv; mvBcÖvm; †PK cÖRvZš¿; †WbgvK©;G‡¯Ívwbqv; wdbj¨vÛ; d«vÝ; Rvg©vwb; MÖxm; nwj wm;nv‡½wi; AvBmj¨vÛ; Avqvij¨vÛ; Bmiv‡qj;BZvjx; Rvcvb; jvZwfqv; wjL‡Ubw÷b; wj_yqvwbqv; jy‡·gevM©; gvëv; †gvbv‡Kv;†b`vij¨vÛ; wbDwRj¨vÛ; biI‡q; †cvj¨vÛ;cZz©Mvj; mvb g¨vwi‡bv; †møvfvwKqv; †møv‡fwbqv;†¯úb; myB‡Wb; myBRvij¨vÛ; hy³ivR¨; hy³ivóª

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152 w e k¦ w k ï c w i w ¯’ w Z 2 0 0 9

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mviwY 10: AMÖMwZi nvi

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5-eQ‡iiwb‡P

g„Zz¨nvi

1970 1990 2007

mvgwMÖK mšÍvbavi‡Yinvi (%)

1970 1990 20071970-90 1990-2007

gv_vwcQy †gvU Af¨šÍixYDrcv`b e„w×i Mo evwl©K nvi

(%)

1970-1990 1990-2007

mvgwMÖK mšÍvbavi‡Yi nvin«v‡mi evwl©KMo nvi (%)

1970-90 1990-2007

5-eQ‡ii wb‡Pg„Zz¨nv‡iiμg-Ae¯’vb

n«v‡mi Mo evwl©K nvi(%)

†`k I AÂj

1990 mvj†_‡K n«vm

(%)

154 w e k¦ w k ï c w i w ¯’ w Z 2 0 0 9

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†bcvj 62 237 142 55 2.6 5.6 61 1.2 1.9 5.9 5.2 3.3 0.6 2.6†b`vij¨vÛm 166 16 8 5 3.5 2.8 38 1.5 2.1 2.4 1.6 1.7 2.2 -0.6wbDwRj¨vÛ 160 21 11 6 3.2 3.6 45 0.8 2 3.1 2.1 2.0 2.0 0.2wbKviv¸qv 78 165 68 35 4.4 3.9 49 -3.7 1.9 6.9 4.8 2.8 1.9 3.2bvBRvi 11 318 304 176 0.2 3.2 42 -2.2 -0.6 8.1 7.9 7.2 0.1 0.5bvB‡Rwiqv 8 265 230 189 0.7 1.2 18 -1.4 1.2 6.9 6.8 5.4 0.1 1.3bvBD – – – – – – – – – – – – – –biI‡q 173 16 9 4 2.9 4.8 56 3.2 2.6 2.5 1.9 1.8 1.5 0.1AwaK…Z wdwjw¯Íb f‚LÛ 95 – 38 27 – 2.0 29 – -2.9x 7.9 6.4 5.2 1.0 1.3Igvb 137 200 32 12 9.2 5.8 63 3.3 2.2x 7.2 6.6 3.0 0.4 4.6cvwK Ívb 43 184 132 90 1.7 2.3 32 3 1.6 6.6 6.3 3.5 0.2 3.4cvjvD 145 – 21 10 – 4.4 52 – – – – – – –cvbvgv 104 68 34 23 3.5 2.3 32 0.3 2.6 5.3 3.0 2.6 2.8 0.9cvcyqv wbD wMwb 56 156 94 65 2.5 2.2 31 -0.7 -0.6 6.2 4.8 3.8 1.2 1.3c¨viv¸‡q 91 75 41 29 3.0 2.0 29 2.8 -0.3 5.7 4.5 3.1 1.2 2.2†ciæ 112 170 78 20 3.9 8.0 74 -0.6 2.7 6.3 3.9 2.5 2.4 2.6wdwjcvBb 94 89 62 28 1.8 4.7 55 0.8 1.7 6.3 4.3 3.3 1.8 1.7†cvj¨vÛ 156 35 17 7 3.6 5.2 59 – 4.4 2.2 2.0 1.2 0.4 3.0cZ©yMvj 173 66 15 4 7.4 7.8 73 2.6 1.9 2.8 1.5 1.5 3.0 0.3KvZvi 126 51 26 15 3.4 3.2 42 – – 6.9 4.4 2.7 2.3 2.9†Kvwiqv, cÖRvZš¿ 166 54 9 5 9.0 3.5 44 6.2 4.4 4.5 1.6 1.2 5.2 1.7iægvwbqv 126 52 32 15 2.4 4.5 53 0.9x 2.3 2.9 1.9 1.3 2.0 2.3iæk †dWv‡ikb 126 40 27 15 2.0 3.5 44 – 1.2 2.0 1.9 1.3 0.3 2.0iæqvÛv 9 223 195 181 0.7 0.4 7 1.1 1.1 8.2 7.6 5.9 0.4 1.5†m›U wKUm&& I †bwfm 117 – 36 18 – 4.1 50 6.3x 2.8 – – – – –†m›U jywmqv 117 66 21 18 5.7 0.9 14 5.3x 1.3 6.1 3.3 2.2 3.0 2.5†m›U wfb‡m›U I †MÖbvWvBbm&& 114 72 22 19 5.9 0.9 14 3.3 3 6.0 3.0 2.2 3.5 1.8mv‡gvqv 95 101 50 27 3.5 3.6 46 – 2.6 6.1 4.8 4.0 1.2 1.0mvb g¨vwi‡bv 173 – 13 4 – 6.9 69 – – – – – – –mvI‡Uv‡g I wcÖwÝ‡c 38 104 101 99 0.1 0.1 2 – – 6.5 5.4 3.9 0.9 1.9†mŠw` Avie 97 185 44 25 7.2 3.3 43 -1.5 0.3 7.3 5.8 3.4 1.1 3.2†m‡bMvj 31 276 149 114 3.1 1.6 23 -0.7 1.1 7.0 6.6 4.7 0.3 1.9mvwe©qv 151 – – 8 – – – – 2.6x 2.4 2.1 1.8 0.6 1.0wmwmwj 134 59 19 13 5.7 2.2 32 2.9 1.4 – – – – –wm‡qiv wjIb 1 371 290 262 1.2 0.6 10 -0.4 -0.4 6.5 6.5 6.5 0.0 0.0wm½vcyi 189 27 8 3 6.1 5.8 63 5.6 3.8 3.0 1.8 1.3 2.7 1.9†møvfvwKqv 151 31 15 8 3.6 3.7 47 – 3.3 2.5 2.0 1.2 1.0 2.9†møv‡fwbqv 173 29 11 4 4.8 6.0 64 – 3.5 2.3 1.5 1.3 2.0 1.0m‡jvgb ØxdcyÄ 50 – 121 70 – 3.2 42 3.4 -1.6 6.9 5.9 3.9 0.8 2.4†mvgvwjqv 19 – 203 142 – 2.1 30 -0.9 – 7.3 6.8 6.1 0.3 0.6`wÿY Avwd«Kv 60 113 64 59 2.8 0.5 8 0.1 1 5.6 3.6 2.7 2.2 1.7†¯úb 173 25 9 4 5.1 4.8 56 1.9 2.4 2.9 1.3 1.4 3.9 -0.2kªxj¼v 110 100 32 21 5.7 2.5 34 3 3.9 4.4 2.5 1.9 2.7 1.7my vb 34 168 125 109 1.5 0.8 13 0.1 3.6 6.6 6.0 4.3 0.5 1.9mywibvg 91 – 51 29 – 3.3 43 -2.4x 1.8 5.7 2.7 2.4 3.6 0.7†mvqvwRj¨vÛ 40 199 96 91 3.6 0.3 5 3.1 -0.3 6.9 5.7 3.5 0.9 2.9myB‡Wb 189 13 7 3 3.1 5.0 57 1.8 2.2 2.0 2.0 1.8 0.1 0.7myBRvij¨vÛ 166 18 8 5 4.1 2.8 38 1.2 0.7 2.0 1.5 1.4 1.4 0.5wmwiqv Avie cÖRvZš¿ 123 128 37 17 6.2 4.6 54 2 1.5 7.6 5.5 3.1 1.6 3.4ZvRvwK Ívb 54 138 117 67 0.8 3.3 43 – -2.2 6.9 5.2 3.4 1.4 2.5_vBj¨vÛ 156 103 31 7 6.0 8.8 77 5 2.9 5.5 2.1 1.8 4.8 0.8†gwm‡Wvwbqvi mv‡eK

hy‡Mvmøvf cÖRvZš¿ 123 119 38 17 5.7 4.7 55 – 0.5 3.2 1.9 1.4 2.4 1.8wZgyi-†jm_&& 39 – 184 97 – 3.8 47 – – 6.3 5.3 6.6 0.8 -1.2U‡Mv 37 219 150 100 1.9 2.4 33 -0.6 -0.2 7.0 6.4 4.9 0.5 1.6†Uv½v 104 50 32 23 2.2 1.9 28 – 2 5.9 4.6 3.8 1.3 1.2wÎwb`v` I †Uvev‡Mv 78 54 34 35 2.3 -0.2 -3 0.5 5.1 3.5 2.4 1.6 1.8 2.4wZDwbwmqv 110 201 52 21 6.8 5.3 60 2.5 3.4 6.6 3.6 1.9 3.0 3.7Zzi¯‹ 104 201 82 23 4.5 7.5 72 1.9 2.2 5.5 3.0 2.1 3.0 2.1ZzK©‡gwb¯Ívb 65 – 99 50 – 4.0 49 – -6.8x 6.3 4.3 2.5 1.9 3.2

156 w e k¦ w k ï c w i w ¯’ w Z 2 0 0 9

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1970 1990 2007


1970 1990 20071970-90 1990-2007


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1970-1990 1990-2007


1970-90 1990-2007



†_‡K n«vm(%)

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Uzfv‡jv 75 – 53 37 – 2.1 30 – – – – – – –DMvÛv 21 195 175 130 0.5 1.7 26 – 3.1 7.1 7.1 6.5 0.0 0.5BD‡μb 99 36 25 24 1.8 0.2 4 – -0.7 2.1 1.9 1.2 0.6 2.6mshy³ Avie AvwgivZ 151 84 15 8 8.6 3.7 47 -4.8x -0.3x 6.6 4.4 2.3 2.1 3.8hy³ivR¨ 160 21 9 6 4.2 2.4 33 2 2.4 2.3 1.8 1.8 1.2 0.0ZvÄvwbqv, mshy³ cÖRvZš¿ 29 217 157 116 1.6 1.8 26 – 1.8 6.8 6.1 5.2 0.5 0.9hy³ivóª 151 23 11 8 3.7 1.9 27 2.2 2 2.2 2.0 2.1 0.6 -0.2Diæ¸‡q 132 60 25 14 4.4 3.4 44 0.9 1.5 2.9 2.5 2.1 0.7 1.0DR‡ewK¯Ívb 68 – 74 41 – 3.5 45 – 1.2 6.5 4.2 2.5 2.2 3.0fvbyqvZz 81 155 62 34 4.6 3.5 45 1.1x -0.4 6.3 4.9 3.8 1.2 1.6†f‡bRy‡qjv

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5-eQ‡iiwb‡P

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ISBN: 984-70292-0001-8

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UNICEF Regional Office for EuropePalais des NationsCH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland

UNICEF Central and Eastern Europe/Commonwealth of IndependentStates Regional OfficePalais des NationsCH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland

UNICEF Eastern and Southern AfricaRegional OfficeUnited Nations Complex GigiriP.O. Box 44145-00100Nairobi, Kenya

UNICEF West and Central AfricaRegional OfficeP.O. Box 29720 YoffDakar, Senegal

UNICEF The Americas and CaribbeanRegional OfficeAvenida MorseCiudad del Saber ClaytonEdificio #102Apartado 0843-03045Panama City, Panama

UNICEF East Asia and the PacificRegional OfficeP.O. Box 2-15419 Phra Atit RoadBangkok 10200, Thailand

UNICEF Middle East and North AfricaRegional OfficeP.O. Box 1551Amman 11821, Jordan

UNICEF South Asia Regional OfficeP.O. Box 5815Lekhnath MargKathmandu, Nepal

Further information is available atour website <www.unicef.org>.

Documents

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