Javier Ruza Rodríguez Collaborative production and management

MINISTERIO DE AGRICULTURA, ALIMENTACIÓN Y MEDIO AMBIENTE

Javier Ruza Rodríguez

DIRECCIÓN GENERAL DEL AGUA

SUBDIRECCIÓN GENERAL DE PLANIFICACION

Y USO SOSTENIBLE DEL AGUA

Collaborative production and management of water information

How to make polycentric information available to managers, agencies and the public

SPANISH EXPERIENCE

INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DATA, INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE FOR WATER GOVERNANCE IN NETWORKED SOCIETIES

9‐11 June 2014, University of Seville (Spain)

2

European Union. EU Commission. DG Environment. Compliance reportingQuestionnaires

European Environmental Agency (EEA). Mission and evolutionEurowaternet 1998Reportnert 2000

Joint efforts. EU Commission ‐ EEA ‐ OthersSEIS (WISE) 2003SIIF 2012INSPIRE 2007

Compliance reportingWaste water discharges informationWater rights informationWater quality data

The case of biological quality elements dataProgrammes of measures (DB PoM)NSDI Spatial data infrastructure (CODIIGE)Non born open collaborative production

Collaborative production and management of water informationCollaborative production and management of water informationIndexIndex

Need for collaboration Europe

Need for collaboration Spain

Conclusions

3

The need for collaborationEurope

4

The European Union (EU) todayThe European Union (EU) today

28 Member states

5

European CommissionEuropean CommissionCompliance reporting evolutionCompliance reporting evolution

Reports in writing paper

Exchange of information Decision (77/795/EEC)[19 parameters, 15 stations (ES)]

91/692/EEC: Council Directive standardizing and rationalizing reports on the implementation of certain Directives relating to the environment

92/446/EEC: Commission Decision concerning questionnaires relating to Directives in the water sector

93/481/EEC: Commission Decision concerning formats for the presentation of national programmes as foreseen by Article 17 of Council Directive 91/271/EEC

Four‐year Spanish report (Sept. 1999)

6

The European Environment Agency (EEA)The European Environment Agency (EEA)Members and collaboratorsMembers and collaborators

Source EEA

33 Member countries & 6 Cooperating countries

7

The European Environment Agency (EEA)The European Environment Agency (EEA)Mission and evolutionMission and evolution

• 1990 ‐ Creation of European Environment Agency (EEA) and the European Environment Information and Observation Network (EIONET)

• 1994 ‐Work started

• 1998 – Eurowaternet• Annual reports• First years (Excel sheets – email)

• 2000 – Reportnet launched• Several IT tools• Operational 2002

Source EEA

MISSION:To help the Community and member countries make informed decisions about improving the environment, integrating environmental considerations into economic policies and moving towards sustainability

8

EionetEionet-- REPORTNETREPORTNET

ROD (Reporting Obligations Database) CDR (Central data repository)

Automatic QA

• Used exclusively by EEA till 2003

• Water framework directive 2000/60/EC (WFD) reporting is the driver to extend the use of repornet (SEIS)

9

Shared Environmental Information System Shared Environmental Information System SEIS principlesSEIS principles

• Managed as close as possible to its source

• Collected once, and shared with others for many purposes

• Readily available to public authorities to easily fulfil legalreporting obligations

• Readily accessible to end‐users, primarily public authorities at all levels from local to European, to enable them to assess in a timely fashion the state of the environmentand the effectiveness of their policies, and to design new policy

• Accessible to enable end‐users, both public authorities and citizens, to make comparisons at the appropriate geographical scale (e.g. countries, cities, catchments areas) and to participate meaningfully in the development and implementation of environmental policy

• Fully available to the general public, after due consideration of the appropriate level of aggregation and subject to appropriate confidentiality constraints, and at national level in the relevant national languages

• Supported through common, free open standards (for sharing and processing)

Source: COM (2008) 46 final communication from the Commission to the Council, the European Parliament, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions - Towards a Shared Environmental Information System (SEIS)

Information should be:

2003

10

Shared Environmental Information System Shared Environmental Information System SEISSEIS

2003

11

Water Information System for Europe (WISE)Water Information System for Europe (WISE)

Shared EnvironmentalInformation System

Air LandWaterWISE Others…

Legal data

•WFD•UWWTD•NiD•Bathing

waters

Voluntarydata

•SoE•Statistics•Accounting

GISlayer

•WB: Rv, LK •Monitoring•WQ•Gauging

12

Inspire directive (2007/2/CE). PrinciplesInspire directive (2007/2/CE). Principles

Data should be collected only once and kept where it can be maintainedmost effectively

It should be possible to combine seamless spatial information from different sources across Europe and share it with many users and applications

It should be possible for information collected at one level/scale to be shared with all levels/scales (detailed & general thorough investigations & strategic purposes)

Geographic information needed for good governance at all levels should be readily and transparently available.

Easy to find what geographic information is available, howit can be used to meet a particular need, and under which conditions it can be acquired and used

13

Inspire directive (2007/2/CE) Inspire directive (2007/2/CE) Water related themesWater related themes

Protected sites9

Hydrography8

Transport networks 7

Cadastral parcels6

Addresses5

Administrative units4

Geographical names 3

Geographical grid systems 2

Coordinate reference systems 1

Annex I

Geology4

Orthoimagery3

Land cover2

Elevation1

Annex II

Mineral Resources21

Energy Resources 20

Species distribution 19

Habitats and biotopes 18

Bio‐geographical regions 17

Sea regions 16

Oceanographic geographical features 15

Meteorological geographical features 14

Atmospheric conditions 13

Natural risk zones12

Area management / restriction / regulation zones & reporting units 11

Population distribution and demography 10

Agricultural and aquaculture facilities 9

Production and industrial facilities 8

Environmental monitoring Facilities7

Utility and governmental services 6

Human health and safety 5

Land use 4

Soil 3

Buildings 2

Statistical units 1

Annex III

• 34 data themes

• 8 directly related to water

14

Inspire deadlinesInspire deadlines

15

Structured Implementation and Information FrameworkStructured Implementation and Information FrameworkSIIF PrinciplesSIIF Principles

15

• Focus on compliance(implementation/compliance)

• From reporting to information management

• Decentralise (from centralised to distributed information systems)

• Ensure transparency (publically available and accessible, Directive 2003/4)

• Keep up to date (free to update national systems when data become available)

• Look forward (from assessing non-compliance of the past to future actions on getting into compliance)

• Reduce burden (reducing reporting for areas in compliance, focusing on non-compliance)

• Self-assess (EU-MS carry out a compliance assessment themselves)

• Develop step-by-step (development of a modular approach)

EU website(s) and all other data and map viewers

National website(s), data and map wiewers

National website(s), data and map wiewers

Automatic exchange of data

EU DBsEU DBs

NationalDBs

NationalDBs

EU

MS

16

The need for collaborationSpain

17

Water Administration in SpainWater Administration in SpainRiver Basin Districts (RBD)River Basin Districts (RBD)

• Complex system with different competent authorities represented within a RBD trough cooperation bodies

25 RBD in Spain

18

• The Regions or Autonomous Communities may assume competences– Environmental protection management

• Agriculture, diffuse pollution• Sewage treatment (municipalities)• Habitats and species

17 + 2 Regional Governments

Regional administrationRegional administration

Comunidades AutComunidades Autóónomasnomas

19

Compliance reportingin Spain

20

Compliance reporting first attemptsCompliance reporting first attempts

SituationThe Internet and email not widely available (internet search engines inaccurate)RBD ignore EU reporting requirements and legislation (not easily accessible)

MeasuresInformation and dissemination of requirements (working groups)Guidance on reporting on directives on water sectorOther guidance on reporting requirements

Early 1990s

21

SpainSpain-- SIA Exchange of information portalSIA Exchange of information portal

Similar to ReportnetObligations databaseData repositoryResponses trackingAutomated QA

22

Waste water discharge informationin Spain

23

The origin of collaboration in WWDThe origin of collaboration in WWD

• 1985 Water law– All waste water discharge must have a permit

• 1986 – Almost no permits issued– Provisional permit for all discharges (one month to become definitive)– Only maximum annual volume was fixed in order to charge a tax (Ministerial

Order 23/12/1986)– It failed due to lack of effective mechanisms

• 1995– Problem with industrial discharge permits– Sectoral regularization plans (Royal decree 484/1995)– It also failed

• 1999– The European Commission opened a infringement procedure

• Fail to correctly issue permits to activities discharging hazardous substances (reduction programs for list II substances)

– Difficult to collect information from permits as there was no database

24

River basin organizations

Actors involved in WWD permittingActors involved in WWD permitting

Regions (Comunidades Autónomas)

1 C.H. Cantábrico 13 C.H. Júcar2 C.I. País Vasco 14 C.H. Ebro3 Galicia Costa 15 C.I. Cataluña4 C.H. Miño Sil 16 Islas Baleares5 C.H. Duero 17 El Hierro6 C.H. Tajo 18 La Palma7 C.H. Guadiana 19 La Gomera8 Tinto, Odiel y Piedras 20 Tenerife9 C.H. Guadalquivir 21 Gran Canaria10 Guadalete‐Barbate 22 Fuerteventura11 C.Mediterranea And. 23 Lanzarote 12 C.H. Segura

Inland water direct discharges 24 País Vasco 32 Islas Baleares25 Cantabria 33 El Hierro26 Asturias 34 La Palma27 Galicia 35 La Gomera28 Andalucía 36 Tenerife29 Murcia 37 Gran Canaria30 Valencia 38 Fuerteventura31 Cataluña 39 Lanzarote

Coastal discharges

25

First stepsFirst steps

• Create a common database to facilitate water managers access to WWD information

• Capacity building– Manual for waste water discharge permitting (developed 1999-2007)

• Standardization– Clarify workflow– Application forms for waste water discharges– Unify permit formats and criteria – Enable automated treatment of data

• Decision support systems (DSS) – Seminars and training courses

(promotion of interpersonal relationships)

• Legislative changes– Royal Decree 606/2003

• Emission limits only for characteristic pollutants• National inventory of waste water discharges (CNV)

Objective

Needs

To take scientifically based decisions, BD should contain sound information:– Provide technical tools to improve the quality of waste water discharge permits

Actions taken

LoyaltyLoyalty

PUNTO VERTIDO INST. PROYE.

OBRASAFEC. TERC.

SUST. PEL. COLEC. PLAN SAN. EST.

HIDROG. CUV

SOLICITUD For.m 1.1 Form. 1.2 Form. 2 Form. 3.1. Form. 3.2. Form. 3.3. Form. 3.4 Form. 3.5 Form. 4 Form. 5 Form. 6 Form. 7.1 Form. 7.2 Form. 8 Form. 9

Urbanos < 250 h.e.

Urbanos > 250 h.e. X X X X X X X X X X X X

Ind. Sust. Pel. X X X X X X X X X X X

Ind. Piscifactorías X X X X X X X X X X

Ind. Refrigeración X X X X X X X X X X

Ind. Achique minas X X X X X X X X X

Reso ind. X X X X X X X X X X

ACTIVIDAD GENERADORA CARACTERIZACIÓN DEL VERTIDO

DECLARACIÓN VERTIDOS SIMPLIFICADA

26

National Inventory of waste water dischargesNational Inventory of waste water dischargesFunctionalitiesFunctionalities

To meet information requirements of supranational institutions, streamlining (removing) reporting requests to River basin authorities and Regional authorities

To facilitate decision‐making process at strategic and political level (also local level)

To serve as basis for the development of guidance documents on emission limits

To share information between administrations involved in water permitting

To enable public access to environmental information

Specific: applicants for permits can consult conditions of similar discharges

Specific: how affected is your waterbody

General: summary reports

¿Why should we have a National Inventory on Waste Water Discharges?

27

National inventory on waste water discharges (CNV)National inventory on waste water discharges (CNV)

20 years after Water Law: no clear results achieved

• Waste water discharge permit (WWDP) conditions inadequate

50% (9.860) of WWDP still provisional (without emission limit values)

50% (9.220) of WWDP definitive (with emission limits, but not always adequate for water quality objective compliance)9.287 applications in process

First results – Year 2.005

Need for additional measures and resources

28


Budget allocation (23,8 million €)

Human, technical and material resources for RBD

Selection of most important discharges to prioritise WWDP revision (based on basic statistics available – economic study for RD 606/2003)

WWD Action PlanWWD Action Plan (Plan de Choque de vertidos)(Plan de Choque de vertidos)

Three stages with different priorities depending on volume and hazard:

Priority I (2005): 800 WWD permits represent 90% of discharge volume and of pollution. Urban discharges of more than 10.000 p.e, industrial discharges with hazardous substances, cooling water discharges and fish farm discharges.

Priority II (2007): urban discharges between 2.000 and 10.000 p.e. and biodegradable waste water discharges from agri‐food industry of more than 4.000 p.e.

Priority III (2009): urban discharges of less than 2.000 p.e.

Results

4899

1041712416

16271

2024622162

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Num. WWD adapted RD 606/2003 evolution

29


Human resourcesTemporal external aid

New specialized public employeesWaste water discharge management 30 master degree graduates + 70 bachelor degree

Water quality 62 master degree

New ICT toolsTo help issuing permits

To create the CNV‐INEA

WWD Action PlanWWD Action Plan (Plan de Choque de vertidos)(Plan de Choque de vertidos)

Some measures

30

NewNew ICT ICT toolstools

Steps in permitting process Compliance: evaluation of damages

E‐GovernmentAll application process can be done totally online

31

NewNew ICT ICT toolstools

E‐Government

Ministry

River Basin Authority

Local Inventory

Permit writer

Citizen

Automated exchange of data

National Inventory

Situation of permitting process

e‐application

32

Compliance reporting in SpainUrban waste water discharge information

(Directive 91/271/CEE)

33

EdarNetUrban waste water discharges

A web based tool which give access to all national relevant information concerning Urban waste water discharges (directive 91/271/CEE)

Inventory of infrastructures:Sewage system ‐ description and Key figures UWW Treatment Plant ‐ description and Key figures Agglomerations of the UWWTP – Compliance, description and Key figures Discharge point ‐ Description and Key figures Sensitive areas

Management of analytical data

FunctionalitiesCompliance is automatically processed from raw analytical dataGeneration of mapsAutomated generation of detailed or synthesis reports (colour codes)Generation of EU report

Users200 from Confederaciones hidrográficas and ComunidadesAutónomasSimilar to SIIF but without publication of data

34

EdarNetUrban waste water discharges

35

EdarnetEdarnetAnalytical resultsAnalytical results

36

Water rights in Spain

37

Water RegistryWater Registry

In previous legal regulation (Water Act of 1879) groundwater was private water

Since The Water Act came into force in 1985, all water has been considered public

The Spanish administrative law is especially careful with private property and to not damage the property rights

The Water Act 1985 created a transition period to adapt the private exploitation of groundwater

Historically, records were registered in paper

Difficult decision‐taking process to issue new water rights (some demands for economic compensation by the administration of previous water right holders)

Big amount of groundwater applications to manage to adapt to the new water law

38

Modernisation plan of hydraulic administrationALBERCA program was launched:

Provide human, technical, technological and financial resourcesNew software developed to help the administrative process (more than 500.000 administrative records)Review of the water rights registered in the The Catalogue of Historical Private AbstractionsNeed to control external contactors (centralized system)

2014 Confederaciones Hidrográficas: 689.106 records within ALBERCA system (or similar systems)WATER REGISTRY: a modern tool to register, modify, identify and locate all water uses… It is already developed, but now it is being tested

AlbercaAlberca

Water RegistryWater RegistrySome stepsSome steps

2003

2014

WATER REGISTRY

39

AlbercaAlbercaPermit processing toolPermit processing tool AlbercaAlberca

40

WATER REGISTRY

41

WATER REGISTRY

42

WATER REGISTRY

43Irrigation

Uses:

Channel Pond

Infrastructures:

Underground channelSecundary

Primary

Abstractions:

WATER REGISTRY

44Irrigation

Uses: Infraestructures:

Primary

Abstractions:

Channel

45

PUBLIC ORGANISMSCOMUNIDADES AUTÓNOMASCORPORATIVE APPS CCHH

EXCHANGE PLATFORM

COMPANIESCITIZENSPUBLIC EMPLOYEES

- Management- Information requests - Statistics

- Planning- General information

Publication of information

CATALOGO DE AGUAS PRIVADAS

DATOS INTRACOMUNITARIOS

INTEGRAOTRAS

APLICACIONESGEN

Water RegistryWater Registry

46

Water quality and water status informationin Spain

47

Monitoring programsMonitoring programsQuality assuranceQuality assurance

Apoyo carga de datos y validación

FIC

Sampling and analytical protocols

(physical, chemical, biological, hymo)

Data models

CEMAS

TAXAGUA

ID‐TAX

WB status informationsystem

Guidance for the design of monitoring programs

MONITORING PROGRAMS

SAMPLING DATA ACQUISITION DATA BASEDATA EDITION AND

VALIDATIONPRESENTATION AND

PUBLICATION USER

DOCUMENTATION DOCUMENTATIONDOCUMENTATIONDOCUMENTATION DOCUMENTATION DOCUMENTATION DOCUMENTATION

DOCUMENTATION QUALITY CONTROL

PRIORITY SETTING

48

Guidance for the design of water quality monitoring Guidance for the design of water quality monitoring programsprograms

49

Sampling and analytical protocolsSampling and analytical protocols

Chemical and microbiological analysisOrden MAM/3207/2006 Technical instruction MMA‐EECC‐1/06

Biological sampling and identification protocolsInvertebrates in wadeable rivers (ML‐Rv‐I‐2013)Phytobenthos in rivers (benthic diatoms) (ML‐R‐D‐2013)Phytoplankton in lakes and reservoirs (M‐LE‐FP‐2013)Invertebrates in lakes (ML‐L‐I‐2013)Macrophytes in lakes (M‐L‐OFM‐2013)

Biological sampling protocolsInvertebrates in rivers IBMWP.2013Invertebrates in lakes IBCAEL‐2013Phytoplankton in lakes and reservoirs MFIT‐2013Diatoms IPS. ‐2013Macrophytes in lakes. OFALAM‐2013

50

Situation of WB status databases 2014Situation of WB status databases 2014

Empresas Colaboradoras

Calidad Dato

Organismos de Cuenca

Gestión de Información:- Calidad del Dato- Parámetros- Sistemática- Explotación de datos

Servidor BD- SQL Server 2005

Dirección General del Agua

Comunicación e intercambio de datos a través de correo

electrónico

25 RBD involved

Data model in continuous evolution

Exchange of information file (EIF Access)

Work focused on the improvement of data quality

Annual reporting to the Ministry DB

From floppy disk exchange to the use of exchange of information platforms (CIRCA)

Moving towards direct access to data at source

Monitoring status of WB (CEMAS)Data model

EIF

River basin districtsAccredited entities

Exchange of information

Ministry of environment

51

Water status monitoringWater status monitoringSystem architectureSystem architecture

52

New challenges New challenges ImprovemetsImprovemets due to WFDdue to WFD

New biological parameters2006. More than 32.000 different registers of taxa

(only 14.000 valid)

Mistakes in writing, synonyms, duplicities, open names…Need for standardization

– Spanish official taxa list (Taxagua)

– Common identification keys (ID‐TAX)

53

Thesaurus of Thesaurus of taxataxa: TAXAGUA: TAXAGUA

SEARCH BOX FOR TAXA

INTERACTIVE TAXONOMIC TREE

ECOLOGICAL PROPERTIES AND VALUES OF METRICS ASSOCIATED

http://www.magrama.gob.es/es/agua/temas/estado‐y‐calidad‐de‐las‐aguas/aguas‐superficiales/programas‐seguimiento/taxagua.aspx

54

Common identification keysCommon identification keys

Phytobenthos: 367 species

Phytoplancton: 485 species

Fish: 84 species

Macrophites: 379 species

Benthic invertebrates: 160 families, total taza 175

55http://www.magrama.gob.es/es/agua/temas/estado‐y‐calidad‐de‐las‐aguas/aguas‐superficiales/programas‐seguimiento/id‐tax.aspx

IDID--TAX TAX webweb--based applicationbased application

56 56

Programs of measuresWFD river basin management plans

in Spain

57

Interrelation RegionsInterrelation Regions--River Basin District (measures)River Basin District (measures)

AragAragóónn

Asturias

Andalucía

Cantabria

Cataluña

Castilla-La Mancha

Comunidad Valenciana

Castilla-León

Galicia

Extremadura

Madrid

Murcia

Navarra

La Rioja

País Vasco

Baleares

Canarias

Ceuta

Melilla

Cantábrico oriental

Cantábrico occidental

Galicia costa

Duero

Tajo

Guadiana

Tinto, Odiel, Piedras

Guadalquivir

C. Mediterránea Andaluza

Segura

Júcar

Ebro

CI. Cataluña

Baleares

Canarias (7)

Ceuta

Melilla

Miño Sil

Guadalete-Barbate

Several G

eneral Directorates by

Region (x5 or m

ore)

58

FutureFuture situationsituation withwith ProgrammesProgrammes ofof measuresmeasures DatabaseDatabase(DB (DB PoMPoM))

Aragón

Asturias

Andalucía

Cantabria

Cataluña

Castilla-La Mancha

Comunidad Valenciana

Castilla-León

Galicia

Extremadura

Madrid

Murcia

Navarra

La Rioja

País Vasco

Baleares

Canarias

Ceuta

Melilla

Cantábrico oriental

Cantábrico occidental

Galicia costa

Duero

Tajo

Guadiana

Tinto, Odiel, Piedras

Guadalquivir

C. Mediterránea Andaluza

Segura

Júcar

Ebro

CI. Cataluña

Baleares

Canarias (7)

Ceuta

Melilla

Miño Sil

Guadalete-BarbateDB PoM

Several G

eneral Directorates by

Region (x5 or m

ore)

More than 300 public authorities involved

Private measures

59

Spatial datasetsInspire directive in Spain

60

Spanish Infrastructure for Spatial Information Spanish Infrastructure for Spatial Information Managing Board (CODIIGEManaging Board (CODIIGE))

Analysis of existing regulations in Spain

Search for consistency between these regulations and the corresponding INSPIRE implementing rules

Preparation of draft standards, guidelines, methodologies, classifications, nomenclatures, codes (standardization)

Analysis of the data sets, metadata, and services necessary to inform the EC (INSPIRE)

Raise awareness of creating data sets, metadata, and services

Monitor the implementation of these data sets and services

Promote the development of tools for analysis and publication of information 60

Technical working groups: objectives

Created in 2011 to coordinate the implementation of Inspire directive in Spain38 TWG created (4 horizontal + 34 thematic)

GEOGRAPHIC HIGH COUNCIL

PlenaryPermanentCommission

Territorial Commission

SpecializedCommisions

AdvisoryComittee

CODIIGESpanish NSDI ExecutiveManagement Board

GeodeticSystems

Geographic names

NationalCartographic Plan

Land Observation

Geographic standards

Spatial Data Infraestructure

WD IDEE

TecnicalWorkingGroups

34 TWGsAnnex I, II & III

4 horizontal WG

61

Guidelines Guidelines –– Data SpecificationData Specification

Thematic Guidelines

General Guidelines

62

Data Specification Data Specification Guidelines I.8 Guidelines I.8 HydrographyHydrography

• Structure of the hydrography application schemas

63

Data Specification Data Specification Guidelines I.8 Guidelines I.8 HydrographyHydrography

Relationships in the Hydrography application schemas

64

Data Specification Data Specification Guidelines I.8 Guidelines I.8 HydrographyHydrography. Physical waters. Physical waters

65


• UML class diagram: Overview of the ‘Hydro – Physical Waters’ application schema

66


UML class diagram: ‘Physical Waters’ spatial object types (including related classes from other themes)

67

Data Specification Data Specification Guidelines I.8 Guidelines I.8 HydrographyHydrography.. HydroHydro--networknetwork

68

Data Specification Data Specification Guidelines I.8 Guidelines I.8 HydrographyHydrography.. ReportingReporting

Moved to Annex III.11 through Regulation 1253/2013

69

Inspire Inspire regulationsregulations

Regulation (EC) No 1205/2008 as regardsmetadata

Regulation (EC) No 976/2009 as regards the Network Services

Regulation (EC) No 1088/2010 as regards download services andtransformation services

Regulation (EC) No 1089/2010 as regards interoperability of spatial data sets and services (Annex I Themes)

Regulation (UE) No 1253/2013 (Annex II & III Themes)

70

Inspire Inspire reportingreporting SpainSpain

• General evolution of data reported to the European Commission (Spain)

• Annex I.8 Hydrography– First years: even no data

– Year 2010• 403 spatial datasets reported

• 48 considered valid

– Year 2013• 98 spatial datasets reported

• 62 considered valid & correct

More data doesn't necessarily mean more information

If data is not well catalogued

more data = more confusion = less information

71

Open collaborative productionNon born initiatives

72

Open collaborative productionOpen collaborative productionNon born initiativesNon born initiatives

Phytoplankton: assessment of frequency of algal blooms (WFD requirement)

ID‐TAX: not all levels of taxonomic identification had a good photographs

Collaborative completion of inventory of pressures (e.g. abandoned little dams)

Difficulties of public authorities to cover the hole territory or hole information

Why haven’t they succeed yet?

Difficulties for quality control

Algal blooms: possible confusion in the name of the lake/reservoir, missspellings in names, foam (pollution or algal bloom?)..

ID‐TAX photos: possible mistakes of taxonomic classification, mistakes encoding photos…

Small differences in coordinates produce two objects…

A reviewing system has to be put in place

Does it worth the information gained?

Need for automated reviewing or volunteer reviewing community or…(any idea?)

More data can be less information

73

Some possible conclusions

74

Shortcomings problems and conclusionsShortcomings problems and conclusions

First requirement to share information:Information should exist and have minimum quality requirements

– Requirements have to be public, well known and stable– Share data vs share information

Standardization is crucialThe highest binding level the better (law, technical specifications, agreements, guidance documents…)Standardization is of no use if there is no willingness to follow the standards

– Legal enforcement mechanisms are important– Mechanisms to increase loyalty are of paramount importance

Interpersonal relationships (working groups, seminars…)Education: all levels of society implied

The role of ICTICT is the main driver that allows information sharing (but just a tool)Collaborative production and management of water information should take advantage of existing ICT developmentsFocus should be put on institutional arrangements

LoyaltyLoyalty

75

Loyalty Loyalty –– Institutional loyaltyInstitutional loyalty

• With co‐workers

• With workers of other levels in the scale of information

• With information needs of others (management, citizens)

• With non binding compliance documents or formats– With agreements

– With guidance documents

– With information formats

• With law compliance

• Loyalty of citizens with administration (environment protection is a responsibility of all)

Spanish Constitution

76

Public participation and access to dataPublic participation and access to data

Public access to environmental information is a legal obligation(Directive 2003/4/EC)

Big efforts to collect information

Citizens

Common DB1 Common DB2

Different sources

WRONGWAY

Public participation is not just an obligation

77

Public participation and access to dataPublic participation and access to dataConclusionsConclusions

To make polycentric information available to managers, agencies and the public

Data information systems have to offer the data producer an advantage for using itData information systems have to take account of data needs of all actors involvedData collection shouldn't be oriented only to:

Reporting purposes (compliance reporting should be just one of the outputs the systems)Comply with public access to environmental data

Data should be collected for management, planning or policy definition purposesData as a means to an endAll levels of decision have to be involved (Policy makers, managers, stakeholders, water users, NGOs, citizens…). Consensus on strategy

Reporting has to be a consequence of the work carried outReporting shouldn't be a time consuming effort Reporting should be “transparent” for the producer of the information

Public access to data has to be seen as a way to improve water management (public access to information as a means to an end)

There is a need that public authorities and citizens believe this way of thinking

Public authorities and citizens should have the commitment to work togetherNeed for loyalty in this relationship

78

Thank you!

Ruza river

Javier Ruza RodríguezHead of Unit for Management and CooperationDeputy Directorate‐General for Water Planning and Sustainable Use of Water Directorate‐General for WaterMinistry of Agriculture, Food and Environment(Spain)[email protected]

Documents

Javier Ruza Rodríguez Collaborative production and management