Land and Livestock Post

Insuringthe future

FOOD SUPPLY SAFE FROM BSEMad Cow Disease reported in California.PAGE 4

CONTROVERSIAL BAN REMOVEDRestrictions on young workers dropped.PAGE 8

IT'S NO FLUKEDr. Wikse talks liver fluke prevention.PAGE 12

STRATEGIC PLANNING NEEDEDUse caution in rebuilding cattle herds.PAGE 19

May 15 , 2 012

PLANNING AHEADFOR APOTENTIAL DROUGHT

PAGE 10

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TheLand

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From the General Manager

My first vehicle wasa 1983 ChevroletCustom Deluxe

pick-up truck. It had astraight six and a three-speed, column-shift trans-mission. It didn’t have anair condi-tioner, butit camewith anAM radio.I learned

a lot fromthat truck.I learnedhow faryou could go on E, and Ilearned a gas can and com-fortable shoes are goodthings to have. And Ilearned about insurance.

If I was to drive, then Ipaid my own gas andinsurance. Insurance pre-miums for a 16-year-oldmale are outrageous. I

worked all summer andsave money. I had a lot ofanger toward insuranceback then, and even todayI wince sometimes at mypremiums, but I knownow that it is better tohave it and not need itthan to need it and nothave it.

In this issue we coverdrought insurance. Aftergoing through a year likewe just had, it is a goodidea to be prepared for theworst. Our cover articlegoes into detail on theoptions you have and howit can help you manageyour pastures.

’Til next time,

JESSE WRIGHT

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Officials: Food supply safeafter cow found with BSE

By TRACIE CONEand GOSIA WOZNIACKA

Associated Press

HANFORD, Calif. — Thediscovery of mad cow diseasein a dead dairy cow came soonafter it arrived at a non-descript building in the heartof California’s dairy country.

The finding is the first newcase of the disease in the U.S.since 2006 and the fourth everdiscovered in the country.The test was performed whenthe animal was brought to thebuilding, a transfer facilityfor a processing plant nearHanford.

The cow had died at one ofthe region’s hundreds ofdairies. A plant official saidthe cow hadn’t exhibited out-ward symptoms of the dis-ease: unsteadiness, incoordi-nation, a drastic change in

• See COW/Page 5

Special to The Post

AUSTIN — “As the nation’sleading producer of cattle, Texasis closely following recent newsfrom California regarding detec-tion of Bovine SpongiformEncephalopathy, or BSE,” TexasAgriculture Commissioner ToddStaples said.

“It’s important for domesticconsumers and foreign tradingpartners to note the animal didnot enter into the food chain, andthe American food supply is safeand has not been impacted bythis recent detection.

“Thanks to a firewall of safe-guards in place, American con-sumers can remain confident ourfood supply is the safest in theworld, and Texas beef is as safeas ever,” Staples said.

Ag CommissionerStaples says Texasbeef herd is safe

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behavior or low milk produc-tion. When the animal arrivedat the facility with a truckload

of other dead cows on April18, it met criteria for govern-ment testing: older than 30months and a fresh corpse.“We randomly pick a num-

ber of samples throughout the

CowFrom 4

• See BSE/Page 6

A truck enters Baker Commodities transfer station in Hanford,Calif., where a cow with mad cow disease was discovered lastmonth. Health authorities said the animal never was a threat to thenation's food supply.

AP Photo/The Fresno Bee, John Walker

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year, and this just happenedto be one that we randomlysampled,” Baker Commodi-ties executive vice presidentDennis Luckey said. “Itshowed no signs” of disease.The samples went to the

food safety lab at the Uni-ver-sity of California, Davis. ByApril 19, markers indicatedthe cow could have bovinespongiform encephalopathy, adisease that is fatal to cowsand can cause a deadlyhuman brain disease in peo-ple who eat tainted meat. Itwas sent to an AgricultureDepartment lab in Iowa forfurther testing.Days later, federal agricul-

ture officials announced thefindings: the animal had atyp-ical BSE. That means it didn’tget the disease from eatinginfected cattle feed, said JohnClifford, the Agriculture De-partment’s chief veterinaryofficer.It was “just a random muta-

tion that can happen everyonce in a great while in ananimal,” said Bruce Akey,director of the New York StateVeterinary Diagnostic Labor-atory at Cornell University.“Random mutations go on innature all the time.”In humans, experts say it

can occur in one in 1 millionpeople, causing sponge-like

holes in the brain. But theysay not enough is knownabout how and how often thedisease strikes cattle.The California Department

of Public Health and the stateDepartment of Food andAgriculture quickly workedto assure consumers that thefood supply is safe. The cowhadn’t been destined forhuman consumption and peo-ple cannot become ill fromdrinking milk, experts say.The building where the cowwas selected to be tested sendsanimals to a rendering plants,which process animal partsfor products not going into thehuman food chain, such asanimal food, soap, chemicalsor other household products.Among the unknowns a-

bout the current case iswhether the animal died ofthe disease and whether othercattle in its herd are similarlyinfected.“It’s appropriate to be cau-

tious, it’s appropriate to payattention and it’s appropriateto ask questions, but now let’swatch and see what theresearchers find out in thenext couple of days,” saidJames Culler, director of theUC Davis dairy food safetylaboratory.The mad cow cases that

plagued England in the early1990s were caused when live-stock routinely were fed pro-tein supplements that includ-ed ground cow spinal columnsand brain tissue, which canharbor the disease.

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TheLand

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Events CalendarMayMay 17: Ad Deadline for the Land &Livestock Post. (979) 731-4721May 19: Cattleman’s Top CutReplacement Sale. Navasota, TX. 903-599-2403May 19: Farm, Ranch & ConstructionEquipment Auction, Sealy, TX. 979-885-2400May 19: Emmons Ranch BeefmasterProduction Sale, Fairfield, TXMay 26: Clark Angus Sale. Crockett,TX. 936-544-9013May 30-31: Grass-Fed BeefConference, College Station, TX. 830-278-9151May 31: Ad Deadline for the Land &Livestock Post. (979) 731-4721

JuneJune 2: Jordan Cattle Auction,Special Replacement Female Sale, SanSaba, TX.June 4: Jordan Cattle Auction,Special Stocker & Feeder Sale. Mason,TX.June 13: Buffalo Livestock MarketingInc. Pre-conditioned Weaned Calf andYearling Sale, Buffalo, TX.June 13-15: TSCRA SummerMeeting, Fredricksburg, TX.June 14: Jordan Cattle Auction,Special Stocker & Feeder Sale, SanSaba, TX.June 14: Ad Deadline for the Land &Livestock Post. (979) 731-4721June 28: Ad Deadline for the Land &Livestock Post. (979) 731-4721

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Department drops proposedban on young farm workers

By SAM HANANELAssociated Press

WASHINGTON — Underheavy pressure from farmgroups, the Obama adminis-tration said it would drop anunpopular plan to preventchildren from doing haz-ardous work on farms ownedby anyone other than theirparents.The Labor Department said

it is withdrawing proposedrules that would ban childrenyounger than 16 from usingmost power-driven farmequipment, including trac-tors. The rules also would pre-vent those younger than 18from working in feed lots,grain bins and stockyards.While labor officials said

their goal was to reduce thefatality rate for child farmworkers, the proposal hadbecome a popular politicaltarget for Republicans who

called it an impractical, heavy-handed regulation that ig-nored the reality of smallfarms.“It’s good the Labor

Department rethought theridiculous regulations it wasgoing to stick on farmers andtheir families,” said Sen.Chuck Grassley, R-Iowa. “Toeven propose such regula-tions defies common sense,and shows a real lack ofunderstanding as to how thefamily farm works.”The surprise move comes

just after the Labor Depart-ment modified the rule in abid to satisfy opponents. Theagency made it clear it wouldexempt children who workedon farms owned or operatedby their parents, even if theownership was part of a com-plex partnership or corporate

• See RULES/Page 9

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agreement.That didn’t appease farm

groups that complained itwould upset traditions inwhich many children work onfarms owned by uncles,grandparents and other rela-tives to reduce costs and learnhow a farm operates. TheLabor Department said it wasresponding to thousands ofcomments that expressed con-cern about the impact of thechanges on small family-owned farms.“The Obama administra-

tion is firmly committed topromoting family farmersand respecting the rural wayof life, especially the role thatparents and other familymembers play in passingthose traditions downthrough the generations,” theagency said in a statement.Instead, the agency said it

would work with rural stake-holders, including the

American Farm BureauFederation, the NationalFarmers Union and 4-H todevelop an educational pro-gram to reduce accidents toyoung workers.Sen. Jon Tester, D-Mont., a

grain farmer known to till hisfields on weekends away fromWashington, had come outstrongly against the proposedrule. The Democrat continuedto criticize the Obama admin-istration rule even after itwas tempered earlier thisyear, saying the LaborDepartment “clearly didn’tget the whole message” from

Montana’s farmers andranchers.The move is sure to disap-

point child safety groups whosaid the rules represent long-overdue protections for chil-dren working for hire in farmcommunities. Three-quartersof working children under 16who died of work-relatedinjuries in 2010 were in agri-culture, according to theChild Labor Coalition.In March, the child advoca-

cy group criticized GOP legis-lation that would havestopped the Labor Depart-ment from issuing the rules.

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Just in caseRange forage insurance is a good investmentBy JANELLE SMITHERMAN FEARS

Special to The Post

Changes in the way the U.S.Department of Agriculture sub-sidizes farmers and producers

are coming.“Subsidies will be provided through

programs that pay based on lowprices, low yields or both,” said JoeOutlaw, professor and extension econ-omist in the department of agricultur-al economics at Texas A&M Univer-sity, at the 22nd Annual Outlook forTexas Land Markets meeting in SanAntonio. “Pasture range forage insur-ance will continue to be one of theUSDA offerings,” Outlaw said.

Program developmentThe pasture range forage insurance

program was implemented during the2007 crop year. Two new insurancepackages were included in the pro-gram.The rainfall index insurance pro-

gram was pilot tested in 220 countiesin Colorado, Idaho, Pennsylvania,South Carolina, North Dakota andTexas and was based on rainfallindices as a means to measure expect-ed production losses.A vegetation index insurance pro-

gram was tested in 110 counties inColorado, Oklahoma, Oregon,Pennsylvania, South Carolina andSouth Dakota and was based on satel-lite imagery that determines acreageproductivity as a means to measureproduction losses.

Together, these pilot programs wereavailable to provide coverage onapproximately 160 million of the 640million acres of grazing and hay landin the United States.The programs were expanded for

each of the 2008 and 2009 crop years,making them available for 18 states.They were expanded again for the 2010and 2011 crop years with additionalstates and counties.

In any state where pasture rangeforage insurance is offered, coveragefor forage losses is based on one of thetwo standardized measures: rainfall orvegetation greenness. Only one ofthese measures is used within a state.For instance, vegetation greennessindex is the measurement applied inNew Mexico, but in Texas, the rainfallindex is used.

“There are not likely to be anychanges in the programs for the 2012crop year,” said Outlaw. “The 2012Farm Bill is making very littleprogress through Congress and Iexpect the 2008 bill to be extended.

Even though Congress is working onit, we probably won’t see the new farmbill until spring of 2013.”

Current plan“Rainfall index is the only pasture

range forage insurance program avail-able in Texas, but it is offered in allcounties,” said Clay Wolter, sales rep-resentative for Helena Chemical Co.which offers pasture range forageinsurance as one of many products.“Grids obtained from the National

Oceanic and AtmosphericAdministration are used to determineexpected and final rainfall which isused in premium cost and forage losscalculations. Indemnities are based ondeviation from normal for each grid.“A payment is made only if the final

grid index for the insured unit is lessthan the producer’s trigger or expect-ed grid index. Each grid is 12 by 12miles, identified by longitude and lati-tude and assigned an identificationnumber. Many counties contain multi-ple grids and a ranch may lie in two ormore grids,” Wolter said.

Wolter said, “You must select atleast two 2-month time periods forinsurance coverage. These time peri-ods are called index intervals and a

maximum of six can be selected forcoverage within any given year. Theintervals are January-February,February-March, March-April, April-May, May-June, June-July, July-Au-gust, August-September, September-October, October-November or No-vember-DecemberProducers cannot choose a month

twice, so for coverage during theentire year, the intervals are January-February, March-April, May-June,July-August, September-October andNovember-December.“This selection provides insurance

for the entire year without overlap-ping months,” Wolter said.

Coverage level“The producer selects a coverage

level and protection factor for each ofthe crop types in the county,” Woltersaid. “For a person strictly in the cat-tle business, there are two crop types:pasture and hay. A coverage unit is allinsured acres within a grid ID for eachcrop type and index interval.“Coverage levels are available from

70 percent to 90 percent in 5 percentincrements. This means that a mini-

Insurance against lack of rainfall is a risk-management tool worth considering.Although changes are coming in USDA subsidies, the pasture range forage programwill continue. Sept. 30 is the deadline for applying fr 2013 program insurance.

Photo courtesy of RJ Consultant Services

• See INSURE/Page 11For a producer strictly in the cattle business, types of crops are pasture and hay. InTexas, pasture range forage insurance uses rainfall to determine coverage.

Photo courtesy of RJ Consultant Services

mum of 70 percent of the finalrainfall grid index can beinsured and a maximum of 90percent.

“Protection factors are per-centages of crop values and 60to 150 percent can be selectedin one percent increments.Crop values are set by coun-ties and are used in manyways, including assessment ofproperty taxes,” Wolter said.

The Kelly NewtonInsurance Co. website pro-vides a good example of howinsurance coverage is calcu-lated, based on grazing land:

• County Base Value = $7.41.• Coverage Level = 85 per-

cent (selected by the producerbetween 70 and 90 percent).

• Protection Factor = 150percent (selected by the pro-ducer between 60 percent and150 percent).

• $7.41 X 0.85 X 1.50 = $9.45,

the dollar amount of produc-tion coverage per acre.

Kelly Newton said the pre-mium on pasture range forageinsurance is relatively inex-pensive, ranging from $0.25through $1.50 per acre on graz-ing land in most counties.

Wolter said that most pro-ducers insure at maximumcoverage levels and produc-tion factors due to the low pre-mium costs. The federal gov-ernment pays approximately55 to 60 percent of the premi-um and the producer pays 40to 45 percent.

“The deadline for applyingfor 2013 pasture range forageinsurance is Sept. 30 and pre-miums are due July 1, 2013,”Wolter said.

Since drought is common inTexas, insurance against thelack of rainfall is a risk man-agement tool worth consider-ing.

Additional information anda list of agents is available atFarm Service Agencies.

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&Livestock

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There are ways to test forand eliminate liver flukes

Question: “I’m worriedabout liver flukes inmy cattle because of

an article I read in Beef.According to the article, liverflukes are spreading all overthe place. What sort of pas-ture conditions would makeme think I may have them onmy ranch?And, is therea test I can doon my cowsto tell if theyhave flukes?”

Answer:Yup, there isan article onliver flukesin the Aprilissue of Beefmagazine titled “EncroachingVillains.” Our own veteri-nary parasitologist, Dr. TomCraig, and our TexasAgriLife Extension veterinar-ian, Dr. Buddy Faries, arequoted in the article. Yourquestions are good onesbecause the excellent article

did not emphasize fluke habi-tat and diagnosis.We have both the bovine

liver fluke (Fasciola hepatica)and the deer liver fluke(Fascioloides magna) in theBrazos Valley. Their lifecycles are quite similar. Theyare present only on someranches and infected ranchesdon’t necessarily have both.

Liver fluke habitatThe answer to your first

question is your pastureswould need to have standingwater during springtime tobe favorable habitat for liverflukes.Here’s how it works. Cattle

liver fluke eggs passed inmanure drop into water andhatch into larvae in two tofour weeks at warm tempera-tures.To complete their life cycle,

within 24 hours the larvae

• See FLUKES/Page 13

STEVE

WIKSE, DVM

CALDWELL LIVESTOCK COMMISSION

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Hwy 36 South, P.O. Box 542, Caldwell, TX 77836Sale Barn Phone: (979) 567-4119

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must enter a small snail ofthe genus Lymnea called a“mud snail.” The snails canburrow into mud to surviveas standing water comes andgoes, which means continualstanding water is not neces-sary for completion of the lifecycle of the liver fluke.The fluke larvae mature

and reproduce in the snailand in two months many tad-pole-like larvae emerge intothe water. These larvae swimto blades of grass and developinto cysts resistant to drying.Cattle become infected whenthey ingest the cysts alongwith grass.This means you would

need standing water for onlythree months in the spring tohave good snail and liverfluke habitat your ranch, asFaries stated in the Beef arti-cle.

Craig stated in anotherpublication that “liver fluke-infested pastures tend tohave clay soils and are con-stantly or periodically flood-ed but not inundated.” Heavyclay soils result in highwater tables. This type ofarea could simply be adepression in a pasture or itcould be bottomland.Even bar ditches along

ranch roads can hold waterthat makes good fluke habi-tat. Typically, favorable habi-tat on a liver fluke infestedranch is only 1 percent to 5percent of the total land area.The Texas A&M Beef

Center along the BrazosRiver has a long swampyswale running through sever-al pastures. I autopsied a cowfound dead on the edge ofthat swamp. The cow died ofredwater and its liver wasloaded with deer liver flukes.

Detrimental effectsLiver fluke infections have

a range of impacts on the

health of cattle depending onthe number of flukes that setup housekeeping in the liver.Mild to moderate infestationsresult in reduced growthrates and feed efficiency inyoung stock, and lower bodycondition in adults.

Liver fluke infections havebeen shown to lower preg-nancy rates in replacementheifers along the Texas coast.This is due to a combinationof depressed growth ratescausing fewer heifers toreach their target breedingweight plus interference withbreakdown of sex steroids inlivers damaged by migratingfluke larvae.Heavy fluke infestations

occur in a small number ofcows in infected herds. Thesecows become very thin andshow clinical signs of diar-rhea, rough hair coat, palemucous membranes and col-lection of edema fluidbetween their jaws (bottlejaw). No matter how muchgrain you feed them they

keep getting thinner andweaker. Death can occur,especially in lactating cows.These signs are not specific

for liver fluke infection.Identical clinical signs areseen in cows with advancedstomach worm infections orJohne’s disease.

DiagnosisThe answer to your second

question is there are, indeed,tests that can be done to diag-nose liver flukes. Rancherssometimes discover they

have a problem without test-ing when their calves’ liversare condemned at slaughterfor liver fluke damage orliver flukes are found in cat-tle autopsied on the ranch.Autopsies of most cattle thatdie will give you a goodmeasure of the parasite sta-tus of your herd.The most common way

bovine liver flukes (Fasciolahepatica) are diagnosed onbeef ranches is by laboratory

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Ask the Vet

FlukesFrom 12

• See LIVER/Page 15

10522 FM 2095 • Gause, Texas 77857Billy Stein • [email protected]

Questions AboutCattle Health?

Ask the Vet!

P.O. Box 3000 Bryan, TX 77805or [email protected]

Submit your questions to:

SteveWikse - Retired DVM Large Animal Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University

WIKSE

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24 Issues

NEWS YOUCAN USERIGHTIN YOURMAILBOX

BuffaloResults of the Buffalo

Livestock Exchange’s April 21sale:

Head: 859.Steers: 150-200 lbs., $190-

$285; 200-300 lbs., $190-$275; 300-400 lbs., $180-$212; 400-500 lbs., $165-$198; 500-600 lbs., $155-$182; 600-700 lbs., $150-$170; 700-800 lbs., $130-$142.

Heifers: 150-200 lbs., $175-$265; 200-300 lbs., $170-$245; 300-400 lbs.; $165-$210, 400-500 lbs., $155-$185; 500-600 lbs., $145-$177; 600-700 lbs., $135-$150; 700-800 lbs., $120-$142.

Slaughter bulls: $90-$107.Slaughter cows: $65-$94.Bred cows: $875-$1,200.Cow/calf pairs: $950-$1,950.

CaldwellResults of the Caldwell Live-

stock Commission’s April 25sale:

Head: 405

Steers: 200-300 lbs., $210-$260; 300-400 lbs., $180-$250; 400-500 lbs., $170-$190; 500-600 lbs., $150-$180; 600-700 lbs., $130-$145; 700-800 lbs., $120-$140.

Heifers: 200-300 lbs., $160-$220, 300-400 lbs., $165-$220; 400-500 lbs., $155-$185; 500-600 lbs., $140-$165; 600-700 lbs., $130-$140; 700-800 lbs., $118-$133.

Slaughter bulls: $88-$109.Slaughter cows: $50-$90.Stocker cows: $850-$1,200.Cow/calf pairs: $650-$1,600.

GroesbeckResults of the Groesbeck

Auction & Livestock Co.’s April26 sale:

Head: 1,223.Steers: 300-400 lbs., $195-

$250, 400-500 lbs., $187-$220, 500-600 lbs., $175-$200, 600-700 lbs., $160-$170.

Heifers: 300-400 lbs., $185-$205; 400-500 lbs., $161-$186; 500-600 lbs., $155-

$168; 600-700 lbs., $145-$160.

Slaughter bulls: $96-$108.Slaughter cows: $68-$96.Bred cows: $900-$1,600.Cow/calf pairs: $1,000-

$2,100.

JordanResults of the Jordan Cattle

Auction Co.’s April 26 sale:Head: 1,547.Steers: 200-300 lbs., $200-

$257.50; 300-400 lbs., $170-$209;400-500 lbs., $150-$188; 500-600lbs., $140-$174; 600-700 lbs.,$140-$174; 700-800 lbs., $135-$149.

Heifers: 200-300 lbs., $185-$217.50; 300-400 lbs., $170-$201; 400-500 lbs., $145-$190; 500-600 lbs., $137-$160; 600-700 lbs., $135-$152; 700-800 lbs., $125-$134.

Slaughter bulls: $97.50-$111.

Slaughter cows: $65-$94.Stocker cows: $750-$1,300.

Cow/calf pairs: $1,025-$1,675.

MilanoResults of the Milano Live-

stock Exchange’s April 24 sale:Head: 342.Steers: 300-400 lbs., $175-

$230; 400-500 lbs., $166-$195; 500-600 lbs., $145-$176; 600-700 lbs., $142-$166.

Heifers: 300-400 lbs., $165-$210; 400-500 lbs., $150-$192; 500-600 lbs., $131-$163.50; 600-700 lbs., $127-$155.

Slaughter bulls: $103-$108.Slaughter cows: $60-$93.Stocker cows: $1,400-

$1,650.Cow/calf pairs: $1,775-

$2,750.

NavasotaResults of the Navasota Live-

stock Auction Co.’s April 21 sale:

Head: 1,173Steers: 150-300 lbs., $150-

$290; 300-400 lbs., $150-$215; 400-500 lbs., $135-$185; 500-600 lbs., $130-$167.50; 600-700 lbs., $125-$156.

Heifers: 150-300 lbs., $150-$275; 300-400 lbs., $140-$210; 400-500 lbs., $140-$185; 500-600 lbs., $130-$165; 600-700 lbs., $125-$150.

Slaughter bulls: $85-$109.Slaughter cows: $55-$93.Stocker cows: $850-$1,250.Cow/calf pairs: $950-$1,550.

— Special to The Post

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Ask the Vet

testing of fecal samples. It’simportant to know that liverflukes are diagnosed by afecal egg sedimentation testthat is different than the fecalegg floatation test for stom-ach worms.

The fecal test for stomachworms tells nothing aboutliver fluke infection. To diag-nose liver flukes, fecal sam-ples from 15 cows should beexamined by the TexasVeterinary Medical Diagnos-tic Laboratory with the inex-pensive Flukefinder sedimen-tation test.

Deer liver fluke (Fascioloi-des magna) infections of cat-tle cannot be diagnosed byfecal egg sedimentation testsbecause eggs of deer flukes incysts of the livers of cattle areblocked from entering bileducts and reaching the intes-tine. There are no eggs in the

manure of infected cows.Deer flukes can be diagnosedin cattle only by autopsy.

Bottom lineCattle and deer liver flukes

occur on selected ranchesthroughout the Brazos valley.These parasites can causesignificant disease and eco-nomic losses.

If you have pastures thatare favorable habitat forflukes on your ranch plus theherd problems discussedabove that may be caused byliver flukes your cattle proba-bly are infected.

The good news is it is possi-ble to control the disease.Your veterinarian can collectsamples for diagnostic confir-mation and set your ranch upwith a successful parasitecontrol program.

• Dr. Steve Wikse is a retiredprofessor of large-animal clinicalsciences in the College of Vet-erinary Medicine and BiomedicalSciences at Texas A&M.

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Be cautious in restocking herd

News

By BLAIR FANNINTexas AgriLife Communications

Experts with the TexasAgriLife Extension Serviceare advising beef cattle pro-ducers to use caution andstrategic planning whenthinking about restockingherds after drought.Though rainfall has been

received throughout the east-ern portion of the state andpromoted growth of forageson pastures, cattle producersneed to be careful when eval-uating their operations.“I think so far people are

being really cautious,” saidDavid Anderson, AgriLifeExtension livestock econo-mist. “I think producers arewaiting to see if this rain isgoing to last. They should beasking themselves questionslike ‘How long is it going totake for your pasture torecover?’ and ‘What is goingto happen once we get intothe summer?’”

Anderson said there arealso financial constraints toconsider, such as how muchwas spent feeding hay andother feedstuffs through the2011 drought.“There’s also sticker shock

on how much it is going tocost to replace cattle,” hesaid.Larry Redmon, AgriLife

Extension state forage spe-cialist, said producers shouldalways consider the threat ofdrought.“My take is people should

be stocked for drought at alltimes,” Redmon said. “Peoplecan reduce the risk of poten-tial drought and not have toworry about doing any buy-ing and selling. If you have agood year, there are lots ofways to use that extra grass.You can’t feed your way outof a drought. You can easilyspend more money (trying)than the operation can gener-ate over several years.”Redmon said in a good year

ranchers who have extragrass can bale it, graze it orlease it out for grazing.“If you are completely

destocked, stay out a yearand let that pasture recoverfor a year before coming backin,” he said. “Overall, I justthink it’s a little too soon tostart restocking. I think pro-ducers need to be very cau-tious; remember, more is notalways better.”Anderson said from an eco-

nomic standpoint, rancherswho rebuild need a plan.“They need to think seri-

ously about stocking ratesand have some sort of plan,”he said. “Another thing theyneed to be looking at careful-ly is how much you fed lastyear and what feedstuffs youalready have.”AgriLife Extension is offer-

ing educational programs oncattle herd rebuilding. Visitagriliferegister.tamu.eduand enter the keyword“beef.”

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