Luan Van Dowload

7/31/2019 Luan Van Dowload

1/142

S ha bi Trung tm Hc liu -i hc Thi Nguyn http://www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn

I HC THI NGUYN

TRNG I HC S PHM

------------------------

NGUYN NGC HIU

BIN PHP QUN L O TO NGHTRNG TRUNG CP

XY DNG UNG B - QUNG NINH

LUN VN THC S KHOA HC GIO DC

Thi Nguyn - 2010

I HC THI NGUYN

TRNG I HC S PHM

------------------------


2/142


NGUYN NGC HIU

BIN PHP QUN L O TO NGH

TRNG TRUNG CP XY DNGUNG B - QUNG NINH

CHUYN NGNH : QUN L GIO DC M S : 60.14.05

LUN VN THC S KHOA HC GIO DC

NGI HNG DN KHOA HC: PGS.TS. Nguyn B Dng

Thi Nguyn 2010


3/142


I HC THI NGUYN

TRNG I HC S PHM

------------------------

NGUYN NGC HIU

BIN PHP QUN L O TO NGH TRNG TRUNG CP XY DNG

UNG B - QUNG NINH

CHUYN NGNH : QUN L GIO DC M S : 60.14.05

TM TT LUN VN THC S KHOA HC GIO DC

Thi Nguyn 2010


4/142


Cng trnh c hon thnh ti: Trng i hc S phm, i hc Thi nguyn

Ngi hng dn khoa hc: PGS.TS. Nguyn B Dng

Phn bin 1: ................................................................................

Phn bin 2: ................................................................................

Lun vn s c bo v trc Hi ng chm lun vn

hp ti: Trng i hc S phm, i hc Thi nguyn

Ngy thng nm 2010


5/142


MC LC

M U ............................................................................................... 1

Chng 1 C S L LUN CA VIC QUN L O TO NGH ..... 7

1.1. Khi qut v nghin cu vn ............................................................... 7

1.2. Mt s khi nim c bn ........................................................................ 9

1.2.1. Khi nim qun l, qun l gio dc o to ..................................... 9

1.2.2. Khi nim ngh, o to ngh ....................................................... 19

1.2.3. Qun l cng tc o to ngh ........................................................ 24

1.2.4. Cc yu t ca qu trnh o to ngh ............................................ 25

1.2.4.1. Mc tiu ca o to ngh .................................................... 25

1.2.4.2. Ni dung ca o to ngh ................................................... 25

1.2.4.3. Phng php o to ngh .................................................... 26

1.2.4.4. Hot ng dy ngh v hc ngh .......................................... 26

1.2.4.5. Hot ng kim tra, nhgi kt qu hc tp ngh .............. 27

1.2.5. Cht lng v nng cao cht lng o to ngh ........................... 28

1.3.Nhng yu t nh hng n hiu qu vic qun l o to ngh ............. 34

1.3.1. Nhng yu t khch quan. ............................................................. 34

1.3.2. Nhng yu t ch quan. ................................................................ 36

Chng 2: THC TRNG CNG TC QUN L O TO

NGH TRUNG TRUNG CP XY DNG UNG

B, QUNG NINH GIAI ON 2006-2009............................. 41

2.1. Khi qut v tnh hnh kinh t x hi tnh Qung Ninh v trungTrung cp xy dng Ung B ............................................................... 41

2.1.1. Khi qut tnh hnh kinh t - x hi tnh Qung Ninh ................... 41

2.1.2. Khi qut v trung Trung cp xy dng Ung B, Qung Ninh .... 44

2.2. Thc trng cng tc qun l o to ngh trung Trung cp xy

dng Ung B, Qung Ninh .................................................................. 48


6/142


2.2.1. Thc trng duy tr, n nh qu trnh o to nhm m bo

cht lng o to ngh ................................................................. 48

2.2.2. Thc trng pht trin, i mi cng tc qun l o to ngh ................ 52

2.2.2.1. V mc tiu o to ............................................................. 52

2.2.2.2. V ni dung chng trnh o to......................................... 54

2.2.2.3. V s lng i ng v trnh ca gio vin v cn b qun l .. 55

2.2.2.4. V k hoch ho o to ...................................................... 60

2.2.2.5. V c cu t chc ................................................................ 62

2.2.2.6. V c s vt cht k thut phc v o to ngh .................. 65

2.2.2.7. V kim tra nh gi kt qu o to .................................... 662.3. nh gi thc trng cng tc qun l o to ngh trung Trung

cp xy dng Ung B, Qung Ninh .................................................... 66

2.3.1. Thc trng cng tc qun l o to ngh v qun l pht trin i

ng gio vin .......................................................................................... 66

2.3.2. V cht lng o to ngh hin nayca nh trng ..................... 77

Chng 3: XUT MT S BIN PHP QUN L O TONGH NHM NNG CAO CHT LNG O TO

NGH TRNG TRUNG CP XY DNG UNG B,

QUNG NINH ........................................................................... 84

3.1. Yu cu ca cc bin php xut ........................................................ 84

3.2. Mt s bin php qun l xut .......................................................... 87

3.2.1. Bin php i mi qun l xy dng pht trin i ng ing gio vin v cn b qun l .................................................... 87

3.2.2. Bin php qun l nhm huy ng cc ngun lc, u t c s

vt cht nhm nng cao cht lng o to ................................... 92

3.2.3. Bin php qun l mc tiu o to trong xu th m rng qui

m o to ngh ........................................................................... 96


7/142


3.2.4. Bin php qun l i mi ni dung chng trnh o to gn

vi yu cu thc t sn xut .......................................................... 98

3.2.5. Bin php qun l t chc thc hin tt vic kim tra, nh gi

kt qu o to ngh .................................................................. 101

3.2.6. Bin php qun l ch o nng cao cht lng cng tc tuyn sinh ca hc

sinh ...................................................................................................................... 104

3.2.7. Bin php qun l vic lin kt o to ngh ............................. 107

3.3.Kim chng tnh kh thi ca cc bin php xut. ........................ 110

KT LUN V KHUYN NGH........................................................... 113

I. Kt lun .................................................................................................. 113II. Khuyn ngh .......................................................................................... 116

DANH MC TI LIU THAM KHO

PH LC


8/142


DANH MC TI LIU THAM KHO

A. Cc tc gi trong nc:

1. Ban chp hnh trung ng ng Cng sn Vit Nam(2009), Thng boKt lun ca B Chnh tr v vic tip tc thc hin Ngh quyt T 2

kho 8 v Gio dc o to, H Ni

2. Ban B th Trung ng ng(2004), Ch th s 40- CT/TW v vic xy

dng nng cao cht lng i ng nh gio vcn b qun l gio

dc; H Ni.

3. Nguyn Vn Bnh (Tng ch bin) (1999),Khoa hc t chc v qun l

-Mt s l lun v thc tin,Nh xut bn thng k, H Ni.

4. B Gio dc v o to (2007), Ti liu tp hun kim nh cht lng

gio dc TCCN, H Ni.

5. B Lao ng TBXH (2005), Quyt nh s 1000/2005/Q-BLTBXH

v vic ph duyt n pht trin dy ngh n 2010, H Ni.

6. B Lao ng TB&XH(2006), Quyt nh s 76/2006/Q-BLTBXH

Ph duyt Quy hoch pht trin mng li trng CN, trng

TCN, trung tm dy ngh n nm 2010 v nh hng n nm

2020, H Ni.

7. B Lao ng TB v XH(2008), iu l mu trng trung cp ngh

Ban hnh km theo Quyt nh s 52/2008/Q-BLTBXH, H Ni.

8. Chnh ph (2001), Quyt nh s 201/2001/Q-TTg ca Chnh ph v

vic Ph duyt "Chin lc pht trin gio dc 2001-2010".

9. Chnh Ph (2002), Quyt nh s 48/2002/Q-TTg v vic ph duyt

quy hoch mng li c s dy ngh giai on 2002-2010, H Ni.

10. Chnh ph(2005),Ngh quyt s139/2006/N-CP Quy nh chi tit v

hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut Gio dc v B Lut lao

ng v dy ngh, H Ni.


9/142


11. Chnh ph (2008), Quyt nh s 07/2008/Q-TTg ca Chnh ph v

vic Ph duyt "Chng trnh Mc tiu Quc gia v gio dc o to

n nm 2010".

12. Nguyn B Dng(1999), Tm l hc cho ngi lnh o.Nh xut

bn Chnh tr Quc gia, H Ni.

13. ng Cng Sn Vit Nam (1997), Vn kin hi ngh ln th 2 BCH T

kho VIII.Nh xut bn Chnh tr Quc gia, H Ni.

14. ng CngSn Vit Nam (2002),Vn kin i hi i biu Ton quc

ln th IX,Nh xut bn Chnh tr Quc gia, H Ni.

15. ng Cng Sn Vit Nam (2006), Vn kin i hi i bi u ton qu c

ln th X. Nh xut bn Chnh tr Quc gia, H Ni.

16. Phm Minh Hc (1986),Mt s vn gio dc v khoa hc gio dc.

Nh xut bn Gio dc, H Ni.

17. Bi Minh Hin(Ch bin 2009): Qun l gio dc (in ln 2). Nh xut

bn i hc S phm, H Ni18. Hc vin hnh chnh Quc gia (1992),Gio trnh qun l hnh chnh

Nh nc; H Ni.

19. Nguyn Vn H-ng Quc Bo (1997),Khi lc v Khoa hc qun

l. Nh xut bn i hc Thi Nguyn, Thi Nguyn.

20. Nguyn Hng ch bin (2008), S tay T vn Hng nghip v chn

ngh. Nh xut bn Gio dc, H Ni. 21. Mai Hu Khu (1982), Nhng vn c bn ca khoa hc qun l.

Nh xut bn Lao ng, H Ni.

22. Tr n Ki m (1990): Qun l gio dc v qun l trng hc; Vin khoa

hc gio dc; H Ni.

23. Trn Kim (2004), Khoa hc qun l gio dc-Mt s vn l lun

v thc tin. Nh xut bn Gio dc, H Ni.


10/142


24. Trn Kim (2008), Nhng vn c bn ca Khoa hc qun l gio

dc. Nh xut bn i hc S phm, H Ni.

25. Nguyn K - Bi Trng Tun (1984),Mt s vn ca l lun qun l

gio dc. Trng CB QLGD v o to T 1-B gio dc, H Ni.

26. GS H Th Ng - ng V Hot (1988), Gio dc hc tp 1. Nh xut

bn Gio dc, H Ni.

27. Quc hi nc Cng ha x hi ch ngha Vit nam (2005),Lut Gio

dcs 38/2005/ QH 11, H Ni.

28. Quc hi nc Cng ha x hi ch ngha Vit nam (2006), Lut Dy

ngh s 76/2006/QH11, H Ni.29. GS Nguyn Ngc Quang (1999), Nhng khi nim c bn v l lun

qun l gio dc. Trng CB qun l gio dc o to T 1, H Ni.

30. GS Nguyn Ngc Quang (1999),Dn ch ho qun l trng ph

thng. Ni san Trng CB QLGD v o to trung ng 1, H Ni.

31. Trn Quc Thnh (2004),Khoa hc qun l i cng; cng bi

ging dnh cho hc vin cao hc, chuyn ngnh Qun l, khoa tm lgio dc, Trng i hc s phm, H Ni.

32. TS Nguyn Th Tnh(2007),Bi ging nh gi v kim nh cht lng

gio dc, Khoa Tm l gio dc, Trng H S phm, Thi Nguyn.

33. Hong Ton (1995), L thuyt qun l,Trng i hc Kinh t Quc

dn, H Ni.

34. Trung tm T in ngn ng - Vin ngn ng (1992), T in tingVit. Trung tm T in ngn ng, H Ni.

35. GS. TS H Vn Vnh(Ch bin) (2004), Gio trnh khoa hc qun l.

Nh xut bn Chnh tr Quc gia, H Ni.


11/142


B. Cc tc gi nc ngoi:

36. C. Mc v Ph. ngghen (1993), Ton tp, Nh xut bn Chnh tr Quc

gia, H Ni.

37. D.V Khumixki (1997), Qun l gio dc v trng hc,Vin khoa

hc gio dc, H Ni.

38. Fredrick Winslow Taylor (1911),Nhng nguyn tc khoa hc ca qun

l.

39. Harold Kootz, Cyri Odonnell, Heinz Weihrich (1994), Nhng vn

ct yu v qun l; Nh xut bn khoa hc v k thut, H Ni.

40. M.I. Knakp (1984), C s l lun ca khoa hc qun l gio dc

quc dn - Trng cn b qun l gio dc v o to trung ng, H

Ni.

41. Thomas J. Robbins-Wayned Morryn (1999), Qun l v k thut qun

l. Nh xut bn giao thng vn ti, H Ni.


12/142


NHNG K HIU VIT TT DNG TRONG LUN VN

BGD&T : B gio dc v o to

CB : Cn b

CBQL : Cn b qun l

CNH - HH : Cng nghip ho - Hin i ho

CNV : Cng nhn vin

CSVC : C s vt cht

CN : Cao ng nghCTMT : Chng trnh mc tiu

TN : o to ngh

GD - T : Gio dc - o to

GV : Gio vin

HS : Hc sinh

KHCN : Khoa hc cng nghKHKT : Khoa hc k thut

KTXH : Kinh t x hi

TCXD : Trung Trung cp xy dng

TCCN : Trung cp chuyn nghip

TCN : Trung cp ngh

UBND : U ban nhn dn

XHCN : X hi ch ngha


13/142



14/142

1


MU

1- L DO CHN TIBc sang th k th 21, vn ngun nhn lc ngy cng tr thnh

yu t quyt nh i vi s pht trin v thnh vng ca mi Quc gia.

Vit Nam ang trong thi ku ca s nghip Cng nghip ho, hin

i ho t nc nn vic p ng yu cu v con ngi v ngun nhn lc l

nhn t quyt nh. Trong chin lc pht trin ngun nhn lc th o to

ngh lun c coi l vn then cht nhm to ra i ng cng nhn kthut c trnh kin thc chuyn mn, c k nng v thi ngh nghip

ph hp yu cu pht trin kinh t - x hi, p ng s bin i ccu kinh

t, p ng nhu cu chuyn dch ccu lao ng.

Ngh quyt i hi i biu Ton quc ln th IX v kt lun Hi ngh

ln th 6 ca BCH Trung ngng kho IX nhn mnh: Pht trin gio

dc o to l mt trong nhng ng lc quan trng thc y s nghipCNH-HH, l iu kin pht huy ngun lc con ngi - yu tcbn

pht trin x hi, tng trng kinh tnhanh v bn vng [17, tr 40]. Mun

cho s nghip CNH-HH thnh cng, th iu ct li l phi pht huy tt

nhn t con ngi. Bi l con ngi va l mc tiu, va l ng lc ca s

pht trin, gio dc l nhn t ch yu hnh thnh v pht trin nhn cch

con ngi, l cha kho m ca vo tng lai, l quc sch hng u ca

chin lc pht trin kinh t x hi.

Nhim v pht trin ngun nhn lc, l trch nhim chung ca ton

ng, ton Qun, ton Dn ta, trong vai tr ca cc Trng chuyn

nghip, cc c s gio dc o to ngh l rt quan trng.

Qung Ninh l mt tnh cng nghip c tim nng kinh t ln nm

trong vng tam gic trng im kinh t min Bc l H Ni - Hi Phng -


15/142

2


Qung Ninh. Do vy tnh Qung Ninh ni ring v khu vc ng Bc T

Quc ni chung c nhu cu rt ln v lc lng ngi lao ng c o to

ngh. Nht l trong cc lnh vc cng nghip v xy dng. Qung Ninh hinc mt h thng o to ngh nghip vi 19 c s o to H, C, TCCN,

TCN bao gm 01 trng i hc, 02 phn hiu i hc, 02 d n i hc, 06

trng Cao ng chuyn nghip, 02 trng Cao ng ngh, 02 trng TCCN,

04 trng trung cp ngh ca Trung ng v i phng, 17 trung tm

Hng nghip, gio dc thng xuyn v cc csdy ngh t nhn cc

huyn, th x, thnh ph tham gia dy nghthuc cc lnh vc.Trung Trung cp xy dng Ung B l n v trc thuc Tp on

cng nghip xy dng Vit Nam, Trng c tr sng ti th x Ung B,

tnh Qung Ninh. Cc ngnh ngho to ca trng thuc nhm ngnh xy

dng, c kh xy dng. Trong nhng nm gn y do tnh cht x hi ho

gio dc, trc nhu cu ca cch th trng v xu th pht trin ca KHCN

xy dng trong nc cng nh hi nhp Quc t.Nh trng xc nh mctiu o to trong chin lc pht trin ca mnh a trng t ch l mt

trng cng lp cho to theo k hochNh nc trong lnh vc xy dng

trthnh mt Trng a ngnh, a ngh t tng bc chuyn mnh ph

hp vi yu cu thc t ca x hi.

C ch th trng em li nhiu c hi nhng cng ang t ra rt

nhiu thch thc i vi mi vn lin quan n cht lngotoca Nh

trng. iuquan trng l lm sao o toc ngun nhn lc c cht

lng va theo kp, va n u, va i tr, va mi nhn, p ng s pht

trin ca nn kinh t hi nhp, sc v kp thi ch ng thch ng vi th

trng lao ng, th trng cht xm, nht l sc lao ng c hm lng tr

tu cao. ng thi,phi hn ch ti a cc nh hng tiu cc ca c ch th

trng i vi cng tc gio dco tongh.


16/142

3


Cht lng gio dc trong cc cso to ngh hin nay ang l mt

im nng cn nhiu gii php, trong gii php qun l tt qu trnh o

to ngh nhm nng cao cht lng o to hc sinh l rt quan trng. Bi, qutrnh o to ngh vi cc khu ca n nu c quan tm thc hin mt cch

ng b mi em li cht lng, hiu qu.

Nhng nm qua, mc d Trng trung cp xy dng Ung B ch

trng, ch ng quan tm n vic duy tr, m bo v nng cao cht lng

o to ngh. Tuy nhin, cng tc o to ngh ca Nh trngcn tn ti

mt svn nh qu trnh qun l o to ngh cha ng b tmc tiu,ni dung chng trnh, i ng gio vin, phng php o to, iu kin c

s vt cht cn bt cp,hn ch nn cht lng o to ngh chacao, cha

p ng cnhu cu s dng lao ng a dng hin nay ca th trng.

Xut pht t nhng l do trn, ti chn ti nghin cu:" Bin php

qun lo to nghTrung trung cp xy dng Ung B, Qung Ninh

" nhm phn tch tm ra nguyn nhn ca nhng hn ch v xut mts gii php khc phc nhm nng cao cht lng, hiu qu o to ngh cho

Trng trung cp xy dng Ung B, Qung Ninh.

2 - MCCH NGHIN CU

Trn csnghin cu l lun v thc tin cng tc qun l hot ng

o to ngh ni chung, nghin cu thc trng cng tc qun l qu trnh o

to nghTrung Trung cp xy dng Ung B, Qung Ninh ni ring.

Lun vn xut mt s bin php tng cng qun l qu trnh o to

ngh nhm nng cao cht lng o to nghTrung Trung cp xy dng

Ung B, Qung Ninh, gp phn o to ngun nhn lc c cht lng tay

ngh phc v s nghip pht trin kinh t x hi ca t nc.

3- NHIMV NGHIN CU


17/142

4


3.1. Nghin cu csl lun ca vic qun l qu trnh o to ngh c

lin quan n cht lng o to trong trng ngh.

3.2. Kho st thc trng qun l qu trnh o to nghTrung Trungcp xy dng Ung B, Qung Ninh.

3.3. xut cc bin php qun l qu trnh o to nhm nng cao

cht lng o to nghTrung Trung cp xy dng Ung B, Qung Ninh.

4. ITNG V KHCH TH NGHIN CU

3.1. i tng nghin cu:

Cc bin php qun l qu trnh o to ngh nhm nng cao cht lngo to.

3.2. Khch th nghin cu:

Cng tc qun l qu trnh o to nghTrng Trung cp xy dng

Ung B, Qung Ninh giai on t nm 2006 n 2009.

5. GITHUYT KHOA HC

Cht lng o to ngh Trung Trung cp xy dng Ung B,Qung Ninh cn c mt s mt bt cp v hn ch bt ngun t nhiu nguyn

nhn khch quan v ch quan.

Nu xut c cc bin php qun l qu trnh o to ngh da trn

nhng nt c th caNh trng, ph hp vi thc t ca tnh Qung Ninh,

khu vc ng Bc T quc s gp phn nng cao c cht lng o to

nghtrung Trung cp xy dng Ung B, Qung Ninh.

6- GIIHNCA TI

Qu trnh o to v nht l o to ngh c nhiu yu tnh hng

n cht lng o to, song ti ny ch tp trung nghin cu vic xy

dng cc bin php qun lo to nghcc mt:

- Qun l mc tiu, ni dung chng trnh, c s vt cht phc v cho

qu trnh o to ngh.


18/142

5


- Qun l hot ng nh gi kim nh cht lng nhm nng cao cht

lng o to nghTrung Trung cp xy dng Ung B, Qung Ninh.

7 - CC PHNG PHP NGHIN CU7.1. Phng php nghin cu l lun

Phn tch, tng hp cc Ch trng, ng li, Ch th v Ngh quyt

ca ng, cc chnh sch, php lut caNh nc, ca ngnh, ca a phng

v cc ti liu khoa hc lin quan n vn nghin cu.

So snh cc kt qu nghin cu ca nhng cng trnh sch, tp ch, lun

n, lun vn trong v ngoi nc lin quan n ti.7.2. Cc phng php nghin cu thc tin

7.2.1. Phng php iu tra vit:

- S dng hai b cu hi iu tra: 01 B cu hi dnh cho cn b,

gio vin nh trng (Ph lc 1) v 01 B cu hi dnh cho hc sinh ang

hc nghTrung Trung cp xy dng Ung B, Qung Ninh (Ph lc 2)

7.2.2. Phng php phng vn: phng vn mt s cn b qun l,gio vin c kinh nghim tm hiu thc tin ca nh trng nhm lm sng

t hn ni dung nghin cu bng phng php iu tra.

7.2.3. Phng php quan st: tp trung quan st cch thc t

chc qun l ca lnh o v cn b qun l cc cp. Quan st tnh hnh ging

dy ca gio vin dy gii, ca gio vin mi vo ngh. Quan st tnh hnh

hc tp ca hc sinh nm bt thc t tnh hnh ang din ra nh trng.

7.2.4. Phng php tng kt, c rt kinh nghim thc tin ca

Trung Trung cp xy dng Ung B, Qung Ninh v qun lo to ngh.

7.3. Mt s phng php b tr

- Phng php x l kt qu nghin cu bng thng k ton hc,

phng php ngoi suy, phng php so snh.

- Phng php chuyn gia


19/142

6


8. CU TRC CALUNVN

Lun vn gm: phn m u, kt lun v khuyn ngh, danh mc ti

liu tham kho v ph lc. Kt qu nghin cu c trnh by trong 3chng:

Chng 1: C s l lun ca vic qun l o to ngh

Chng 2: Thc trng cng tc qun l o to ngh trng trung cp

xy dngUng B, Qung Ninh giai on t nm 2006 n 2009

Chng 3: Phng hng v mt s bin php qun l cng tc o to

ngh trng trung cp xy dng Ung B, Qung Ninh


20/142

7


Chng 1

CSL LUNCAVICQUN L OTONGH

1.1. Khi qut v nghin cu vn

Ngay t nhng nm 60 ca th k XX, cc nc t bn pht trin nh

c, M, Anh, Php, Nht Bn quan tm n vn o to nghv qun

l qu trnh o to ngh nhm p ng yu cu ca x hi cng nghip. Do

c im, yu cu v ngun nhn lc- i ng cng nhn k thut mi nc

c khc nhau nn khng ch c lnh vc o to ngh m c phng php,hnh thc, qui m o to ngh cng c s khc nhau song c im chung l

u ch trng n s pht trin kin thc, k nng v thi ngh nghip.

Th d: M, o to cng nhn k thut c ch trng v tin hnh

ngy t cp THPT phn ban v cc trng dy ngh cp trung hc, cc c s

o to ngh sau THPT. Hc sinh tt nghip c cp bng chng nhn v

chng ch cng nhn lnh ngh v c quyn c i hc tip theo. Thi giano to dao ng t 2 n 7 nm tu thuc vo tng ngh o to. Cc loi

trng t thuc vo cc cng ty t nhn m cng ty ca h kh ln. Cc nh

trng trong cng ty o to cng nhn ngay trong cng ty mnh v c th

o to cho cng ty khc theo hp ng

Cn CH lin bang c sm hnh thnh h thng o to ngh v

h TCCN. Gio dc chuyn nghip l mt b phn trung hc cp hai ca h

thng gio dc quc dn vi cc loi hnh trng a dng. H phn thnh

hai loi trnh : trnh 1 c xp vo bc trung hc tng ng vi

THPT t lp 9 n lp 12, trnh 2 c xp cao hn bc sau THPT.

Ngoi trng ph thng mang tnh khng chuyn nghip ch nhm mc tiu

o to chun b ln i hc cn c cc trng ph thng chuyn nghp,

trng hn hp... Hc sinh cc loi trng ny c th vo hc cc trng

i hc chuyn nghnh. Sau khi tt nghip ch yu hc sinh ra lm vic s


21/142

8


cp. Do cc loi hnh trng rt a dng nn khng c m hnh t chc qun

l ng nht gia cc trng nht l cc bang khc nhau, c trng cng lp,

trng t thc, c trng thuc cng ty t nhn chun b phn nhn lc chocng ty mnh ...

Cho n ngy nay, hu ht cc nc trn th giiu b tr h thng

gio dc k thut v dy ngh bn cnh bc ph thng v o to bc cao

ng, i hc. Do sm c h thng o to ngh nn cc nc t bn pht

trin tch lu c nhiu kinh nghim trong qu trnh o to. Qu trnh

o to cng nh qun l o to ngh lin tc c hon thin, i mi m bo cht lngo to, p ng yu cu thc tin cuc sng.

cc nc x hi ch ngha, nht l Lin X trc y cng sm

quan tm n vn o to ngh, vi nhng ng gp quan trng ca cc

nh gio dc hc, tm l hc nh X.I Arkhangenxki, X.Ia Batsep, A.E

Klimov, N.V Cudmina, Ie. A Parapanva, T.V Curisep,.v.v. dc gc

gio dc hc ngh nghip, tm l lao ng, tm l hc k s,tm l hc xhi. Tuy nhin, theo nhn xt ca T.V Curisep, nhng nghin cu trong lnh

vc dy hc v gio dc ngh vo nhng nm 70 ca th k XX cn mang

tnh tng mt, mt chiu nn cha gii quyt c mt cch trit vn

chun b cho th h tr c vo cuc sng v lao ng. Qu trnh hnh thnh

ngh lc c chia lm 4 giai on tch ri nhau, l: giai on ny sinh

d nh ngh v bc vo hc cc trng ngh; giai on hc sinh lnh hi c

tnh cht ti to nhng tri thc, k nng ngh nghip; giai on thch ng

ngh v cui cng l giai on hin thc ho tng phn hot ng ngh . Quan

nim trn theoT.V Curisep to ra nhng kh khn rt ln trong qu trnh

hc v dy ngh. Qu trnh o to ngh tr ln p t v khng thy c

mi quan h gia cc giai on hnh thnh ngh.

Cng theo T.V Curisep, khc phc nhng kh khn, hn ch trn

cn thit phi c nhn thc li, theo tc gi s hnh thnh ngh ca th h tr


22/142

9


trong iu kin ca gio dc v dy hc l mt qu trnh lu di, lin tc v

thng nht. Qu trnh hnh thnh ngh tri qua bn giai on nhng chng c

s gn b mt thit vi nhau. Quan im ny ca tc gi to nn nhn thcmi v s hnh thnh ngh, l c s khoa hc xy dng m hnh o to

ngh v nng cao cht lng o to ngh.

Vit Nam, nhng vn v o to ngh, qun l qu trnh o to

ngh cng c quan tmngay t cui nhng nm 70 ca th k XX, khi

cn Tng cc dy ngh. Lc , mts cc nh nghin cu trong lnh vc

gio dc ngh nghip, tm l hc lao ng (v d nh ng Danh nh,Nguyn Ngc ng, Nguyn Vn H, Nguyn B Dng,..) ch ng

nghin cu nhng kha cnh khc nhauv s hnh thnh ngh v cng tc dy

ngh. c bit, mt s nh nghin cu khc nh ng Quc Bo, Trn Kim ,

Nguyn Th M Lc,... i su nghin cu v qun l gio dc, qun l nh

trng. Tuy nhin, sau nhng nghin cu v o to ngh, qun l qu

trnh o to ngh nc ta b lng xung, t c ch trng. Ch n nhngnm gn y vn o to nghtip tc c quan tm nghin cu tr li

thng qua nhng ti lun vn thc s chuyn ngnh qun l gio dc.

Nhng nghin cu ny t nhiu khi qu ho v lm r c nhng vn

l lunv xut nhng bin php qun l gp phn nng cao hiu qu qun

l qu trnh o to ngh ni chung v hot ng dy ngh ni ring.

1.2. Mt s khi nim cbn

1.2.1. Khi nim Qun l, qun l gio dc o to

a, Khi nim v Qun l

Qun l l t Hn Vit c ghp gia t Qun v t L.

Qun l s trng coi, chm sc, gi gn, duy tr trng thi n nh. L

l s sa sang, sp xp, lm cho n pht trin. Nh vy, Qun l l trng

coi, chm sc, sa sang lm cho n n nh v pht trin.


23/142

10


Qun l l mt hin tng x hi xut hin rt sm, l mt phm tr tn

ti khch quan c ra i t bn thn nhu cu ca mi ch x hi, mi

quc gia v mi thi i. Lch s ch r, ngay t bui skhai ca loingi, tn ti v pht trin con ngi bit lin kt nhau thnh cc nhm

chng li th d v thin nhin, Do xut hin cc mi quan h gia

con ngi vi con ngi, gia con ngi vi thin nhin, gia con ngi vi

x hi v gia con ngi vi bn thn mnh. Trong qu trnh y xut hin

mt s ngi c nng lc chi phi c ngi khc, hiu khin hot ng

ca nhm sao cho ph hp vi mc tiu chung. Nhng ngi ng vai trth lnh qun l nhm, iu ny lm ny sinh nhu cu v qun l. Nh

vy, qun l xut hin t rt sm v tn ti, pht trin n ngy nay.

Theo quan im iu khin hc: Qun l l chc nng ca nhng h c

t chc, vi bn cht khc nhau: sinh hc, x hi hc, k thut... n bo ton

cu trc cc h, duy tr ch hot ng. Qun l l mt tc ng hp quy

lut khch quan, lm cho h vn ng, vn hnh v pht trin.Theo quan im ca l thuyt h thng: Qun l l "Phng thc tc

ng c chnh ca ch th qun l ln h thng, bao gm h cc quy tc,

cc rng buc v hnh vi i vi mi i tng cc cp trong h thng

nhm duy tr tnh tri hp l ca ccu v a h thng t ti mc tiu".

Khi nim qun lc nhiu tc gi trong v ngoi nc quan nim

theo cc cch tip cn khc nhau.

ngoi nc, c mt s tc gi khi nimnh sau:

Cc Mc vit:" Tt c mi lao ng x hi trc tip hay lao ng chung

no tin hnh trn quy m tng i ln, th t nhiu cng u cn n mt sch

o iu ho nhng hotng c nhn v thc hin nhng chc nng chung

pht sinh tsvn ng ca ton b cthsn xut khc vi svn ng ca

nhng kh quan c lp ca n. Mt ngi c tu vcm th tiu khin ly

mnh, cn mt dn nhc th cn phi c nhc trng"[36, tr 28-480].


24/142

11


Cn Fredrick Winslow Taylor (1856-1915) th khng nh:" Qun l l

bitc chnh xc iu bn mun ngi khc lm v sau hiu c rng

h hon thnh cng vic mt cch tt nht v r nht [ 38, tr 89 ].Theo Harold Koontz, Cyri Odonnell v Heinz Weihrich th " Qun l

l mt hot ng thit yu bo m s hot ng n lc ca cc c nhn

nhm tc cc mc tiu ca tchc" [ 39, tr 33 ].

Cc ng Thomas. J. Robins v Wayned Morrison li cho rng:" Qun

l l mt nghnhng cng l mt ngh thut, mt khoa hc [ 41, tr 19 ].

Vit Nam, c mt s khi nim qun l nh sau:Theo Tin Ting Vit-Vin Ngn ng hc nh ngha: "Qun l l

trng coi, gign theo nhng yu cu nhtnh. L tchc v iu hnh cc

hotng theo nhng yu cu nhtnh" [ 34, tr 772].

Trong gio trnh qun l hnh chnhNh nc ca Hc vin hnh chnh

quc gia ch r: Qun l l stc ng chhuy, iu khin cc qu trnh x

hi v hnh vi hotng ca con ngi chng pht trin ph hp vi quylut, t ti mc ch ra v ng ch ca ngi qun l [ 18, tr 8 ].

Cc tc ging V Hot v H Th Ng th quan nim rng:"Qun l

l mt qu trnh c nh hng, qu trnh c mc tiu, qun l l mt h thng

l qu trnh tc ng n h thng nhm tc nhng mc tiu nhtnh.

Nhng mc tiu ny c trng cho trng thi mi ca h thng m ngi

qun l mong mun" [ 26, tr 17 ].

Cn Nguyn Ngc Quang quan nim: "Qun l l tc ng c mc

ch, c k hoch ca ch th qun l n tp th nhng ngi lao ng

(khch thqun l) nhm thc hin nhng mc tiu dkin" [ 29, tr 31].

Theo tc gi H Vn Vnh th: Qun l l stc ng c tchc, c

hng ch ca ch thqun l ti i tng qun l nhm t mc tiu

ra [ 35, tr 15 ].


25/142

12


Theo tc gi Nguyn Vn Bnh:" Qun l l mt ngh thut t c

mc tiu ra thng qua iu khin, phi hp, hng dn, ch huy hot

ng ca nhng ngi khc"[ 3, tr 178].Theo tc gi Nguyn B Dng: Hot ng qun l l s tc ng

qua li mt cch tch cc gia ch thqun l v i tng qun l qua con

ng tchc, l stc ng iu khin, iu chnh tm l v hnh ng ca

cc i tng qun l, lnh o cng hng vo hon thnh nhng mc tiu

nhtnh ca tp thv x hi [ 12, tr 55].

Tc gi Mai Hu Khu quan nim: "Qun l l stc ng c mc chti tp thnhng ngi lao ng nhm tc nhng kt qu nhtnh v

mc ch nh trc [ 21, tr 19; 20 ].

Theo tc gi Trn Kim: "Qun l mt h thng x hi l tc ng c

mc ch n tp th ngi-thnh vin ca h-nhm lm cho h vn hnh

thun li v t ti mc ch d kin"[ 22, tr 15 ].

Theo Hong Ton: " Qun l l s tc ng c t chc, c nhhng ca ch thln i tng qun l nhm sdng c hiu qu nht cc

tim nng, cc chi ca h thng tc mc tiu t ra trong iu

kin bin chuyn ca mi trng [ 33, tr 43].

Cn tc gi Trn Quc Thnh quan nim: Qun l l s tc ng ca

ch thqun lchhuy, iu khin hng dn cc qu trnh x hi, hnh vi

v hot ng ca con ngi nhm t c mc ch, ng vi ch nh

qun l, ph hp vi quy lut khch quan [ 31, tr 1].

Tm li: cc quan nim trn y, tuy mi quan nim nhn mnh mt

ny hay mt khc nhng u c im chung thng nht xc nh qun l l

hot ng c t chc, c mc ch nhm t ti mc tiu xc nh. Hay ni

mt cch khi qut nht: qun l l mt qu trnh tc ng c mc ch, c k

hoch, hp quy lut ca ch th qun l ti khch th qun l nhm t c

cc mc tiu ca t chc ra.


26/142

13


Khi nim qun l bao hm mt ngha chung l:

- Qun l l nhng tc ng c tnh hng ch.

- Hot ng qun lc tin hnh trong mt t chc hay mt nhm x hi.- Qun l l cc hot ng thc hin nhm m bo hon thnh cng

vic qua nhng n lc ca mi ngi trong t chc.

- Qun l l mt hot ng thit yu, m bo phi hp nhng n lc c

nhn nhm t c cc mc ch ca nhm.

- Qun l l phng thc tt nht t c mc tiu chung ca mt

nhm ngi, mt t chc, mt cquan hay ni rng hn l mt Quc gia.- Qun l l qu trnh tc ng c nh hng, c t chc ca ch th

qun l ln i tng qun l, thng qua cc cch qun l, nhm s dng c

hiu qu cc ngun lc trong iu kin mi trng bin ng h thng n

nh, pht trin, t c nhng mc tiu nh.

Trong cng tc qun l bao gicng c ch th qun l, khch th qun

l quan h vi nhau bng cc tc ng qun l. Qu trnh qun l phi c mcch, nhim v hot ng chung. Khi thc hin nhim v qun l, ch th

qun l lun hng theo mc ch qun l xc nh iu khin i tng

b qun l thc hin mc tiu chung ca t chc.

Nh vy, ta c th hiu khi nim qun l bao hm cc kha cnh:

H thng qun l gm 2 h lin kt nhau, l s lin kt gia ch th

qun l vi i tng qun l. Khi ch ra ch th qun l th phi ch ra i

tng qun l v ngc li.

Nu ta tr li c cu hi:Ai qun l? Th ta xc nh c ch th

qun l. Ch th qun l c th l mt c nhn, mt nhm hay mt t chc do

ngi c th lp nn. C nhn lm ch th qun lc gi chung l CBQL.

Nu xt gc vm ton cu th l Tng th k Lin hp quc; mt

nc l Ch tch hoc Th tng; trong mt ngnh l B trng,...gc

vi m mt doanh nghip l Gim c; mt nh trng l Hiu trng,....


27/142

14


Cn nu tr li c cu hi: Qun l ai? Qun l ci g? ta s xc nh

c i tng qun l. i tng qun l c th l mt c nhn, mt nhm

hay mt t chc hoc c th l mt vt th hoc c th l mt s vic,... Khii tng qun l l mt c nhn, mt nhm hay mt t chc c con ngi

i din c th trthnh ch th qun l cp di thp hn theo h thng cp

bc. V d: nh mt Trng TCCN th Trng khoa l i tng qun l

ca Hiu trng nhng cng li l ch th qun l ca Trng t mn... iu

c ngha l khi ni ch th hay i tng qun l l ngi hoc t chc

c con ngi i din phi t trong mi quan h t chc c th.Gia ch th qun l v khch th qun l c mi quan h tc ng qua

li tng h nhau. Ch th qun l ny sinh cc ng lc qun l, cn khch

th qun l th lm ny sinh cc gi tr vt cht v tinh thn, p ng nhu cu

ca con ngi, tha mn mc ch ca ch th qun l.

Cng c qun l l cc phng tin m ch th qun l dng tc ng

n i tng qun l nh cc vn bn lut, quyt nh, ch th, chng trnh,k hoch,....

Phng php qun l l cch thc tc ng ca ch th qun ln i

tng qun l. Phng php qun l rt phong ph v a dng: Phng php

thuyt phc, phng php kinh t, phng php hnh chnh-t chc, phng

php tm l-gio dc...; ty theo tng tnh hung c th m s dng cc

phng php khc nhau hoc kt hp cc phng php vi nhau.

Mc tiu ca qun l l to ra, tng thm v bo v li ch ca con ngi.

M hnh hot ng qun l c th biu din qua s 1.1.


28/142

15


S 1.1:M hnh hotng qun l

Nh vy: u c nhng hot ng chung th ni c s qun l.

t c nhng mc tiu nh. Qun l phi thc hin bn chc nng c

bn l: K hoch ha, t chc, cho v kim tra. Trong :

+ K hoch ho: l chc nng cbn, quan trng nht nhm xc nh

mc ch chn mc tiu, khi qut cc cng vic phi lm, xc nh khi

lng cng vic, ra nhng quy nh, xy dng chng trnh hnh ng, t

ra cc gii php ph hp vi cc ngun lc ca h thng, gp phn

gim thiu ri ro, hn ch pht sinh, lng ph. Lp k hoch l d kin nhng

vn c th xy ra, nhng tng ca ch th qun lt c mc ch

v i n mc tiu. y l bc cscho vic thc hin cc chc nng tip

theo ca qun l.

+ T chc thc hin: l bc xc nh mt ccu chnh v vai tr

nhim v. T chc l xy dng quy ch, qui nh r mi quan h trong b

my t chc. Xc nh c tnh nh tnh v nh lng chc nng nhim v

gia cc thnh vin, gia cc b phn thng qua ch th qun l tc

ng n cc khu, cc mt xch trong t chc v i tng qun l t

hiu qu cao nht. T chc gip thc hin c nhng ch trng, nh

hng ca k hoch.

CHTH

QUN L

Cng cqun l

Phngphp

Qun l

KHCHTH

QUN L

MCTIU

QUN L

Mi trng qun l


29/142

16


L Nin tng ni v cng tc t chc:" Hy cho ti t chc nhng

ngi Bnsvch chn chnh c k lut ti slm o tung nc Nga bo th,

man d". Cu ni bt hy ca L Nin cho chng ta hiu r t chc v vai trca t chc. Ngi cn ni: "Trong cuc u tranh ginh chnh quyn, giai

cp v sn khng c v kh no khc hn l tchc". Khi giai cp nm

chnh quyn ri, ngi cn ni: "Lnh vc trng yu nht v kh khn nht

ca cuc cch mng x hi ch ngha l nhim v tchc". Thc hin nhim

v ca mt ngnh hay mt cquan bt k no trong h thng chnh tr ca

chng ta cng i hi phi c mt hnh thc t chc thch hp.+ Cho: l cng vic thng xuyn ca ngi qun l nhm tc ng

n i tng qun l bng cc mnh lnh, t tt c mi hot ng ca b

my trong tm kim sot nhm lm cho ngi b qun l lun phc tng, pht

huy tnh t gic v tnh k lut lm vic ng theo k hoch, ng vi

chc nng, nhim v phn cng. Ni cch khc y l qu trnh tc ng,

ng vin, to ng lc, gy nh hng ca ch th qun ln khch thqun l nhm t c mc tiu nh.

+ Kim tra nh gi: l nhim v quan trng c lin quan n mi cp

qun l nhm thu thp thng tin ngc ca ngi qun l kim sot hot

ng ca b my nhm o lng, pht hin cc sai st iu chnh kp thi

gip b my t c mc tiu. C th ni: kim tra l tai mt ca qun l.

Trong cng tc lnh o, qun l v ch huy, Bc H tng ni:" khng c

kim tra nh gi coi nhkhng c lnh o ". Qua thy vai tr kim

tra nh gi, rt ra bi hc iu chnh mi hot ng ca khch th qun l l

vic lm khng th thiu ca ch th qun l.

Cc chc nng qun l to thnh mt chu trnh thng nht. Trong ,

mi chc nng va c tnh c lp tng i, va c mi quan h ph thuc

vi cc chc nng khc. Qu trnh ra cc quyt nh qun l l qu trnh thc

hin cc chc nng theo mt trnh t nht nh. Nh qun l khng c b


30/142

17


qua hay coi nh bt c chc nng no. Bn cnh bn chc nng cbn nu

trn, trong qu trnh qun lcn quan tm thm hai vn quan trng l: thng

tin qun l v quyt nh qun l.Thng tin qun l: l d liu v vic thc hin cc nhim vc x

l gip cho ngi qun l hiu c v i tng m h ang quan tm

phc v cho vic a ra cc quyt nh cn thit trong qu trnh qun l.

Thng tin qun l khng nhng l tin ca qun l m cn l huyt mch

quan trng duy tr qu trnh qun l, l l c s ngi qun la ra

nhng quyt nh ng n, kp thi v hiu qu.Quyt nh qun l: l sn phm ca ngi qun l trong qu trnh thc

hin cc chc nng qun l. Qu trnh qun lc th hin qua s sau:

S 1.2: Qu trnh qun l

b, Khi nim v Qun l gio dc

Qun l gio dc l cng nh qun l x hi l hot ng c thc ca

con ngi nhm theo ui nhng mc ch ca mnh.

Xt cp vm, cp qun l mt nn/h thng gio dc:

Theo D.V Khuominxki th: qun l gio dc l nhng tc ng c

h thng, c khoch, c ngha v c mc ch ca ch th, qun lcc

T chc

Kimtra

Khoch

ho

Cho

Thng tin qun l,Quyt nh qun l


31/142

18


cp khc nhau n tt c cc khu ca h thng (tB gio dc n cc nh

trng) nhm mc ch bo m vic gio dc ch ngha cng sn cho thh

tr, bo m spht trin ton din v hi ho ca h [ 37, tr 33].Theo Nguyn K v Bi Trng Tun th: Qun l gio dc l nhng

tc ng tgic (c thc, c mc ch, c khoch, c h thng v hp qui

lut) ca ch thqun ln tt c cc mt xch ca h thng (tcp cao

nhtn cc csgio dc l ccNh trng) nhm thc hin c cht lng

v hiu qu mc tiu pht trin gio dc, o to thh tr theo yu cu x

hi [ 25, tr 14].Cn theo tc gi Trn Kim: qun l gio dc l hotng tgic

ca ch th qun l nhm huy ng, t chc, iu phi, iu chnh, gim

st,...mt cch c hiu qu cc ngun lc gio dc (nhn lc, vt lc, ti lc)

phc v cho mc tiu pht trin gio dc, p ng cc yu cu pht trin kinh

t- x hi [ 24, tr 10].

Cn xt cp vi m, cp qun l mt nh trng/csgio dc:Theo hc gi ni ting M.I Konakp: " Qun l gio dc l tp hp

nhng bin php nhm m bo svn hnh bnh thng ca cc cquan

trong h thng gio dc tip tc pht trin v mrng h thng c vs

lng cng nhcht lng" [ 40, tr 93].

Theo Phm Minh Hc: " Qun l gio dc l h thng nhng tc ng

c mc ch, c khoch, hp quy lut ca ch thqun l lm cho h vn

hnh theo ng li, nguyn l ca ng thc hin c cc tnh cht ca

nh trngXHCN Vit Nam m tiu im hi t l qu trnh dy, gio dc

thh tr, a thh tr, a h gio dc n mc tiu dkin tin ln trng

thi vcht" [ 16, tr 7].

Tc gi Trn Kim cho rng: Qun l gio dc vi m c hiu l

nhng tc ng tgic (c thc, c mc ch, c khoch, c h thng v

hp qui lut) ca ch thqun ln tp thGV, CNV, tp thHS, cha m HS


32/142

19


v cc lc lng x hi trong v ngoi nh trngnhm thc hin c cht

lng v hiu qu mc tiu pht trin gio dc ca nh trng[24, tr 12].

Theo GS Nguyn Ngc Quang:"Qun lnh trngl thc hin ng

li gio dc ca ng trong phm vi trch nhim ca mnh, tc l a nh

trngvn hnh theo nguyn l gio dc, ti mc tiu gio dc, mc tiu

o to vi ngnh gio dc, vi thh tr v vi tng hc sinh" [ 30, tr 61].

Tm li: Qun l gio dc chnh l qu trnh tc ng c nh hng

ca ngnh gio dc, nh qun l gio dc trong vic vn dng nguyn l,

phng php chung nht ca khoa hc nhm t c nhng mc tiu ra.Nhng tc ng thc cht l nhng tc ng khoa hc n nh trng, lm

cho nh trng t chc mt cch khoa hc, c k hoch m bo qu trnh

gio dc t c mc tiu gio dc.

1.2.2. Khi nim ngh, o to ngh

a, Khi nim v ngh

Ngh l thut ng ch mt hnh thc lao ng sn xut no trongx hi.

Tc gi E.A.Klimov vit: Nghnghip l mt lnh vc sdng sc lao

ng vt cht v tinh thn ca con ngi mt cch c gii hn, cn thit cho

x hi (do sphn cng lao ng x hi m c). N to cho con ngi kh

nng sdng lao ng ca mnh thu ly nhng phng tin cn thit cho

vic tn ti v pht trin.

Theo tc giNguyn Hng th: Nhng chuyn mn c nhng c

im chung, gn ging nhau c xp thnh mt nhm chuyn mn v c

gi l ngh. Ngh l tp hp ca mt nhm chuyn mn cng loi, gn ging

nhau. Chuyn mn l mt dng lao ng c bit, m qua con ngi dng

sc mnh vt cht v sc mnh tinh thn ca mnh tc ng vo nhng i

tng c th nhm bin i nhng i tng theo hng phc v mc

ch, yu cu v li ch ca con ngi [ 20, tr 11].


33/142

20


T in Ting Vit (1998) nh ngha: Ngh l cng vic chuyn lm,

theo s phn cng lao ng ca x hi.

T cc khi nim trn chng ta c th hiu ngh nghip nh mt dnglao ng va mang tnh x hi (s phn cng x hi) va mang tnh c nhn

(nhu cu bn thn ) trong con ngi vi t cch l ch th hot ng i

hi tho mn nhng yu cu nht nh ca x hi v c nhn.

Ngh nghip no cng hm cha trong n mt h thng gi tr kin

thc, k nng, k xo ngh, truyn thng ngh, hiu qu do ngh mang li.

Ngh l csgip cho con ngi c nghip - vic lm, s nghip.Cng c th ni ngh nghip l mt dng lao ng i hi con ngi

phi c mt qu trnh o to chuyn bit c nhng kin thc chuyn mn,

k nng, k xo nht nh.

mt kha cnh khc: Ngh l mt lnh vc hot ng lao ng m

trong , nh c o to, con ngi c c tri thc, k nng, thi

lm ra cc loi sn phm vt cht hay tinh thn no , p ng c nhngnhu cu ca x hi.Cn chuyn mn l mt lnh vc lao ng sn xut hp

m , con ngi bng nng lc th cht v tinh thn ca mnh lm ra

nhng gi tr vt cht (thc phm, lng thc, cng c lao ng) hoc gi

tr tinh thn (sch bo, phim nh, m nhc, tranh v) vi t cch l nhng

phng tin sinh tn v pht trin ca x hi.

Trn Th gii hin nay c trn di 2.000 ngh vi hng chc nghn

chuyn mn. cc nc ng u v Lin X c trc y, ngi ta

thng k c 15.000 chuyn mn, cn nc M, con s ln ti 40.000.

Bn cnh khi nim ngh cn quan tm ti c im chuyn mn ca

ngh v phn loi ngh. c im chuyn mn ca ngh gm cc yu t:

- i tng lao ng ca ngh.

- Cng c v phng tin lao ng ca ngh.

- Quy trnh cng ngh.


34/142

21


- T chc qu trnh lao ng sn xut ca ngh.

- Cc yu cu c trng v tm sinh l ca ngi hnh ngh cng nh

yu cu vo to ngh.Vic phn loi ngh c ngha quan trng trong t chc o to ngh,

tuy nhin xut pht t yu cu, mc ch s dng v cc tiu ch khc nhau

nn phn loi ngh kh phc tp v phong ph. V d: phn theo tnh cht ca

ngh ta c nghn gin, ngh k thut; hay phn theo phm vi hot ng

ca ngh th phn ra ngh din hp, ngh din rng.

* Phn theo lnh vc qun l, lnh o c 10 nhm ngh:- Lnh o cc c quan ng, Nh nc, on th v cc b phn

trong cc c quan .

- Lnh o doanh nghip

- Cn b kinh t, k hoch ti chnh, thng k, k ton...

- Cn b k thut cng nghip

- Cn b k thut nng, lm nghip

- Cn b khoa hc gio dc- Cn b vn ha ngh thut

- Cn b y t

- Cn b lut php, kim st

- Th k cc c quan v mt s ngh lao ng tr c khc

* Phn theo lnh vc sn xut c 23 nhm ngh:

- Lm vic trn cc thit b ng lc

- Khai thc m, du, than, hi t, chbin than(khng k luyn cc)

- Luyn kim, c, luyn cc

- Ch to my, gia cng kim loi, k thut in v in t,

- V tuyn in

- Cng nghip ha cht

- Sn xut giy v sn phm bng giy, ba

- Sn xut vt liu xy dng, b tng, s, gm, thy tinh


35/142

22


- Khai thc v ch bin lm sn

- In

- Dt- May mc

- Cng nghip da, da lng, da gi

- Cng nghip lng thc v thc phm

- Xy dng

-Nng nghip

- Lm nghip

-Nui v nh bt thy sn- Vn ti

- Bu chnh vin thng

- iu khin my nng, chuyn

- Thng nghip, cung ng vt t, phc v n ung.

- Phc v cng cng v sinh hot

- Cc ngh sn xut khc

b, o to ngh

Hin nay, ang tn ti nhiu nh ngha vo to ngh (Dy ngh).

Mt s nh nghin cu trong v ngoi nc a ra mt s khi nim:

o to l mt lnh vc bao gm ton b cc hot ng ca nh trng

nhm cung cp kin thc v gio dc cho hc sinh, sinh vin. y l cng

vic kt ni gia mc tiu o to, ni dung chng trnh o to, t chc

thc hin chng trnh v cc vn lin quan n tuyn sinh, o to, gim

st, nh gi, kim tra, t chc thc tp, thi tt nghip cng cc quy trnh

nh gi khc, cc chnh sch lin quan n chun mc v cp bng lnh

vc o to chuyn nghip cc c s o to ngh nghip.

Qun l o to l mt qu trnh t chc lp k hoch, iu khin, kim

tra, nh gi cc hot ng o to ca ton h thng theo k hoch v

chng trnh nht nh nhm t c cc mc tiu ca ton h thng.


36/142

23


Tc gi William Mc Gehee cho rng: Dy ngh l nhng qui trnh

m cc cng ty sdng to thun li cho vic hc tp c kt qu cc hnh

vi ng gp vo mc ch v cc mc tiu ca cng ty .

ng Max Forter(1979) a ra khi nim Dy ngh l p ngbniu kin:

+ Gi ra nhng gii php cho ngi hc

+ Pht trin tri thc, k nng v thi

+ To ra s thay i trong hnh vi

+ t c nhng mc tiu chuyn bit

T chc Lao ng quc t (ILO) nh ngha: Dy ngh l cung cpcho ngi hc nhng knng cn thitthc hin tt c cc nhim v lin

quan ti cng vic nghnghip c giao.

Ngy 29/11/2006, Quc hi ban hnh Lut Dy ngh s

76/2006/QH11.Trong vit: Dy nghl hotng dy v hc nhm trang b

kin thc, knng v thi nghnghip cn thit cho ngi hc nghc th

tm c vic lm hoc tto vic lm sau khi hon thnh kho hc [ 28, tr 02]..

Qua , ta c th thy Dy ngh l khu quan trng trong vic gii

quyt vic lm cho ngi lao ng, tuy n khng to ra vic lm ngay nhng

n li l yu t cbn to thun li cho qu trnh tm vic lm v thc hin

cng vic. Dy ngh gip cho ngi lao ng c kin thc chuyn mn, k

nng v thi ngh nghip t h c th xin lm vic trong cc c

quan, doanh nghip, hoc c th t to ra cng vic sn xut cho bn thn.

Hin nay, Dy ngh mang tnh tch hp gia l thuyt v thc hnh. S

tch hp th hin ch n i hi ngi hc sinh hm nay, ngi thtrong

tng lai phi va chuyn su v kin thc, va phi thnh thc v k nng

tay ngh. y l im khc bit ln trong Dy ngh so vi dy vn ho.

Dy ngh cung cp cho hc sinh nhng kin thc v k nng, thi

ngh nghip cn thit ca mt ngh. V kin thc hc sinh hiu c cs

khoa hc v vt liu, dng c, trang thit b, quy trnh cng ngh, bin php t


37/142

24


chc qun l sn xut ngi cng nhn k thut c th thch ng vi s

thay i ccu lao ng trong sn xut v o to ngh mi. Hc sinh c

cung cp kin thc v k nng ngh nghip nh k nng s dng cng c giacng vt liu, cc thao tc k thut, lp k hoch tnh ton, thit k v kh

nng vn dng vo thc tin. l nhng csban u ngi hc sinh-

ngi cn b k thut tng lai hnh thnh k nng, k xo ngh nghip, pht

huy tnh sng to hnh thnh k lut, tc phong lao ng cng nghip.

Nguyn l v phng chm ca dy ngh: Hc i i vi hnh; ly

thc hnh, thc tp k nng ngh lm chnh; coi trng gio dc o c,lng tm ngh nghip, rn luyn thc t chc k lut, tc phong cng

nghip ca ngi hc, m bo tnh gio dc ton din.

Dy ngh hin nay c ba cp trnh o tol s cp ngh, trung cp

ngh vcao ng ngh. Hnh thc dy ngh bao gm dy ngh chnh quy, dy

ngh thng xuyn.

1.2.3. Qun l cng tc o to nghQun l qu trnh o to ngh thc cht l qun l cc yu t sau theo

mt trnh t, qui trnh va khoa hc, va ph hp vi iu kin thc t ca

Nh trng, em li hiu qu trong cng tc o to. Cc yu t l:

+ Mc tiu o to ngh

+ Ni dung o to ngh

+ Phng php o to ngh+ Hnh thc t chc o to ngh

+ Hot ng dy ngh (ch th l thy, c,)

+ Hot nghc ngh (ch th l hc tr)

+ Csvt cht, trang thit b, phng tino to ngh

+ Mi trng o to ngh

+ T chc thc hin Quy cho to nghtrong kim tra, nh gi

+ T chc b my o to ngh


38/142

25


Cc thnh t ny c mi quan h cht ch v c tc ng qua li ln nhau.

thc hin c hiu qu cng tc qun lo to ngh cn tin hnh

cc bc theo quy trnh nh qun l gio dc. k hoch ho, t chc, cho,kim tra, nh gi

Trong qu trnh qun l cng tc o to cc yu t trn lun lun vn

ng v tc ng qua li ln nhau lm ny sinh nhng tnh hung qun l. Do

vy, Nh qun l phi thng xuyn theo di, nh gi, x l cc sai lch

kp thi iu chnh nhm lm cho cng tc gio dc, o to v nh trng

pht trin lin tc.Nhim v ca qun l o to ngh chnh l n nh duy tr qu trnh

o to p ng nhu cu ca nn kinh t x hi trong tng giai on pht trin

ca t nc vi mi pht trin qu trnh o to n u nhng tin b

khoa hc k thut em lihiu qu kinh t, chnh tr, x hi.

1.2.4. Cc yu tca qu trnh o to ngh

1.2.4.1. Mc tiu ca o to nghLut gio dc nm 2005, ti iu 33, trang 21; Lut Dy nghnm 2006,

ti iu 4 c nu : Mc tiu dy ngh l o to nhn lc k thut trc tip

trong sn xut, dch v c nng lc thc hnh ngh tng xng vi trnh o

to, c o c, lng tm ngh nghip, thc k lut, tc phong cng nghip,

c sc kho nhm to iu kin cho ngi hc ngh sau khi tt nghip c kh

nng tm vic lm, t to vic lm hoc hc ln trnh cao hn, p ng yu

cu ca s nghip cng nghip ha, hin i ha t nc[ 28, tr 1 ].

1.2.4.2. Ni dung ca o to ngh

Ni dung ca o to ngh l nhng yu cu t ra mang li cho

ngi hc c c nhng kin thc, k nng, thi ngh nghip cn thit.

V yu cu ca ni dung o to ngh, Lut gio dc nm 2005, ti

iu 34, khon 1 c ghi: Ni dung gio dc ngh nghip phi tp trung o

to nng lc thc hnh ngh nghip, coi trng gio dc o c, rn luyn sc


39/142

26


kho, rn luyn k nng theo yu cu o to ca tng ngh, nng cao trnh

hc vn theo yu cu o to [ 28, tr 22 ].

Ni dung phi ph hp vi mc tiu o to, phi m bo tnh cn i,ton din gia cc mt kin thc, k nng, thi , o c v lng tm ngh

nghip cn thit. Bn cnh , ni dung phi gn lin vi thc t sn xut,

phi m bo tnh khoa hc, c bn, hin i, tnh lin thng ph hp vi

trnh ca ngi hc.

1.2.4.3. Phng php o to ngh

Ti iu 34, khon 1 ca Lut gio dc nm 2005 c ghi: Phngphp gio dc phi kt hp rn luyn k nng thc hnh vi ging dy l

thuyt gip ngi hc c kh nng hnh ngh v pht trin ngh nghip

theo yu cu ca tng cng vic.

Phng php o to nghl tng hp cch thc hot ng ca thy v

tr nhm thc hin mt cch ti u mc ch v nhim v dy hcngh. C

bn nhm phng php o to ngh l: Nhm phng php dng li,nhm phng php dy hc trc quan, nhm phng php dy thc hnh,

nhm phng php kim tra nh gi kt qu ca hc sinh. Trong thc t, khi

ging dymi nhm phng php uc nhng u nhc im ring ca n

nn trong qu trnh thc hin o to ngh cn la chn v vn dng phi hp

cc phng php vi nhau. Gio vin cn cn c vo mc ch, yu cu, ni

dung, c trng tng mn hc, kh nng nhn thc ca hc sinh, iu kin c

s vt cht trang thit b,... la chn phng php cho ph hp t chc iu

khin tt hot ng dy hc, hng dn hc sinh t t chc hot ng hc

nhm t c hiu qu o to ngh.

1.2.4.4. Hot ngdy ngh v hc ngh

Qu trnh dy ngh v hc ngh chnh l qu trnh phi hp thng nht

hot ng iu khin, t chc, hng dn ca gio vin vi hot ng t gic,


40/142

27


sng to, ch ng lnh hi kin thc, rn luyn k nng tay ngh ca hc

sinh t ti mc tiu dy hc.

a, Hot ng dy nghGio vin l ngi trc tip ging dy l thuyt, hoc hng dn thc

hnh ngh, hoc va dy l thuyt va dy thc hnh. Gio vin gi vai tr

ch o trong ton b qu trnh dy hc ngh. Ngi gio vin cn c k

hoch dy hc t chc cho hc sinh hot ng vi mi hnh thc.

Gio vin dy ngh phi c nhng tiu chun quy nh ti khon 3 iu

58 ca Lut Dy nghv phic chng ch dy ngh.Nhim v v quyn ca gio vin dy ngh thc hin theo iu 72, iu

73 ca Lut gio dc 2005, theo iu 59 ca Lut Dy ngh 2006 v theo qui

nh ti Ngh quyt s 139/2006/N-CP ca Chnh ph Quy nh chi tit v

hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut Gio dc v B Lut lao ng v

dy ngh.

b, Hot ng hc nghHc ngh l qu trnh hot ng ca hc sinh, trong hc sinh da

vo ni dung dy hc, ch ng v sng to lnh hi kin thc . Thng qua

hot ng hc, ngi hc ch ng thay i bn thn mnh v tch cc rn

luyn nng lc thc hnh ngh.

Nhim v v quyn ca hc sinh hc ngh quy nh ti iu 85 v

iu 86 ca Lut gio dc.

Chnh sch i vi ngi hc ngh thc hin theo cc iu 89, 90, 91

v 92 ca Lut gio dc v theo cc iu 65, 66 ca Lut Dy ngh 2006

1.2.4.5. Hot ng kim tra, nh gi kt qu hc tp ngh

Kim tra, nh gi kt qu hc tp ngh l khu quan trng trong qu

trnh dy v hc ngh. Kim tra, nh gi c quan h hu c vi qu trnh dy


41/142

28


v hc ngh. N l ng lc ngi hc tch cc hot ng. Kim tra nh gi

gip cho nh qun l iu chnh, ci tin ni dung chng trnh, iu chnh k

hoch, i mi ni dung, phng phpdy hc ngh.Vic kim tra, nh gi kt qu hc tp nghphi m bo nhng yu

cu v tnh chnh xc, tnh khoa hc, tnh khch quan v cng khai.

i vi gio vin cn xc nh c thnh tch v thi hc tp ca

tng hc sinh v ca ton b lp hc, thng qua kt qu kim tra phn tch

nguyn nhn ra bin phpci tin cng tc s phm, dy ngh.

i vi hc sinh hc ngh: cn t xc nh c mc hiu bit vnng lc thc hnh ngh ca chnh mnh so vi cc mc tiu, tiu chun x

nh ca chng trnh gio dcng.

i vi cn b qun lcn xc nh nhng trng tm gio dc o to

ngh ca nh trngmnh t c bin php trong cng tc t chc, qun

l v ch o mi hot ng o to ca nh trng.

1.2.5. Cht lng v nng cao cht lng o to nghCht lng lun l vn quan trng nht ca tt c cc c s o to,

vic phn u nng cao cht lng o to bao gicng c xem l nhim

v quan trng nht ca bt k c sgio dc o to no. Mc d, c tm

quan trng nh vy nhng cht lng vn l mt khi nim kh nh ngha,

kh xc nh, kh o lng do cch hiu ca ngi ny cng khc vi cch

hiu ca ngi kia.

Cht lng c mt lot nh ngha tri ngc nhau v cn nhiu cuc

tranh lun xung quanh vn ny din ra ti cc din n khc nhau m

nguyn nhn ca n l thiu mt cch hiu thng nht v bn cht ca vn .

Di y l mt s quan im v cht lng trong gio dc o to.

+ Cht lng c nh gi bng u vo

Mt s nc phng Ty c quan im cho rng Cht lng mt

trng chuyn nghip ph thuc vo cht lng hay s lng u vo ca


42/142

29


trng . Quan im ny c gi l quan im ngun lc c ngha l:

Ngun lc = cht lng.

Theo quan im ny, mt trng ngh tuyn c hc sinh gii, c ing gio vin, cn b ging dy uy tn, c ngun ti chnh cn thit trang

b cc phng th nghim, ging ng, cc thit b tt nht c xem l

trng c cht lng cao.

Tuy nhin, nu xt theo quan im ny, th ta b qua s tc ng ca

qu trnh o to din ra rt a dng v lin tc trong mt thi gian di (1 n

3 nm) trong trng ngh. Thc t, theo cch nh gi ny, qu trnh o toc xem l mt hp en, ch da vo s nh gi u vo v phng

on cht lng u ra. S kh gii thch trng hp mt trng TCCN c

ngun lc u vo di do nhng ch c nhng hot ng o to hn ch;

hoc ngc li, mt trng c nhng ngun lc khim tn, nhng cung

cp cho hc sinh mt chng trnh o to hiu qu [ 4, tr 3].

+ Cht lng c nh gi bng u raMt quan im khc v cht lng gio dc (CLGD) cho rng u ra

ca o to ngh c tm quan trng hn nhiu so vi u vo ca qu trnh

o to. u ra chnh l sn phm ca gio dc ngh nghip c th hin

bng mc hon thnh cng vic ca hc sinh tt nghip hay kh nng cung

cp cc hot ng o to ca trng .

C 2 vn cbn c lin quan n cch tip cn ny. Mt l, mi lin

h gia u vo v u ra khng c xem xt ng mc. Trong thc t

mi lin h ny l c thc, cho d khng phi l quan h nhn qu. Mt

trng c kh nng tip nhn cc hc sinh xut sc, khng c ngha l hc

sinh ca h s tt nghip loi xut sc. Hai l, cch nh gi u ra ca cc

trng rt khc nhau.

Ngoi mt snh ngha trn, T chc m bo cht lng gio dc

i hc quc t (INQAHE - International Network of Quality Assurance in


43/142

30


Higher Education) a ra 2 nh ngha v CLGD l (i) Tun theo cc

chun quy nh; (ii) t c cc mc tiu ra.

Theo nh ngha th nht, cn c B tiu ch chun cho gio dc nghnghip v tt c cc lnh vc v vic kim nh cht lng mt trng ngh s

da vo B tiu ch chun . Khi khng c B tiu ch chun vic thm nh

cht lng o to ngh s da trn mc tiu ca tng lnh vc nh gi.

Nhng mc tiu ny sc xc lp trn cstrnh pht trin kinh t - x

hi ca t nc v nhng iu kin c th ca trng .

Nh vy nh gi cht lng o to ca mt trng cn dng Btiu ch c sn; hoc dng cc chun quy nh; hoc nh gi mc thc

hin cc mc tiu nh sn tu ca trng. Trn cskt qunh gi,

cc trng ngh sc xp loi theo 3 cp (1) Cht lng tt; (2) Cht

lng t yu cu; (3) Cht lng khng t yu cu. Cn ch l cc tiu

ch hay cc chun phi c la chn ph hp vi mc tiu [ 4, tr 4].

Theo tc gi Nguyn Th Tnh th: Cht lng sn phm l ci tonn phm cht gi tr ca mt ngi, mt svt, mt vic lm gip cho ta c

thphn bitc svt ny vi svt khc,...[ 32, tr 24 ].

Tm li: Cht lng l mt khi nim ng nhiu chiu v nhiu hc

gi cho rng khng cn thit phi tm cho n mt nh ngha chnh xc. Tuy

vy, vic xc nh mt s cch tip cn khc nhau i vi vn ny l iu

nn lm v c th lm c.

- Cht lng o to ngh v nng cao cht lng o to

+ Cht lng o to ngh

Theo khi nim truyn thng, mt sn phm c cht lng l sn phm

c lm ra mt cch hon thin, bng cc vt liu qu him v t tin. N

ni ting v tn vinh thm cho ngi s hu n.

Cn nu xt cht lng v mt kho hc ngh c th th cht lng

sc xem xt trn gc l khi lng, kin thc, k nng, m kho hc


44/142

31


cung cp, mc nm, s dng cc kin thc v k nng ca hc sinh sau

kho hc v.v.

Quan nim cht lng l hiu qu ca vic t mc ch ca Nhtrng. Theo cch hiu ny, mt Nh trng c cht lng cao l trng

tuyn b r rng s mng (mc ch) ca mnh v t c mc ch mt

cch hiu qu v hiu sut nht. Theo cch tip cn ny cho php cc trng

t quyt nh cc tiu chun cht lng v mc tiu o to ca trng mnh.

Thng qua kim tra, thanh tra cht lng cc t chc hu quan s xem xt,

nh gi h thng m bo cht lng ca trng c kh nng gip nhtrng hon thnh s mng mt cch hiu qu v hiu sut cao nht khng.

M hnh ny rt quan trng i vi cc trng c ngun lc hn ch, gip cc

nh qun l c c c ch s dng hp l, an ton nhng ngun lc ca

mnh t ti mc tiu nh t trc mt cch hiu qu nht.

Theo TS Nguyn Th Tnh: Cht lng gio dc - o to c nh

gi qua mc tc mc tiu o to ra i vi mt chng trnhgio dc - o to;...Cht lng l kt qu ca qu trnh gio dc - o to

c phn nh cc c trng vphm cht, gi tr nhn cch v gi tr sc

lao ng hay nng lc hnh nghca ngi tt nghip tng ng vi mc tiu,

chng trnh gio dc - o to theo cc ngnh nghc th [ 32, tr 24 ].

Mt quan nim khc coi cht lng l sp ng nhu cu ca khch

hng chnh l ngi s dng lao ng sau o to. iu ny i hi khi

thit k mt sn phm hay dch v, yu t quyt nh l xc nh nhu cu ca

khch hng, sn phm c c nhng c tnh m khch hng mong mun

v vi gi c m h s hi lng tr.

Trong gio dc ngh nghip, nh ngha ny gy ra mt s kh khn

trong vic xc nh khi nim khch hng. Ai l khch hng trong gio dc

ngh nghip? l hc sinh(ngi s dng dch v nh th vin, k tc x,


45/142

32


phng th nghim. . .) hoc l chnh ph, hoc l cc doanh nghip (ngi tr

tin cho cc dch v) hay l cn b ging dy, cha m sinh vin v.v. . .

Theo ngha tuyt i: cht lng c hiu nh l mt sn phm mang ngha hon ho hn c, n hon m m cc th cng chng loi, kiu cch

c chun mc rt cao cng khng th hoc kh c th vt qua. Nh vy

cng c ngha l mt tiu ch no t ra lun c m bo gi tr v gi

tr s dng tuyt i hn c.

Theo ngha tng i: Mt sn vt, mt tiu chun mt dch v hay bt

k mt loi quan nim no c ngi ta gn vi n. Cc sn vt, nhngdch v c coi l cht lng khi chng t c nhng chun mc nht

nh c quy nh trc. Cht lng khng c coi l ci ch m n c

coi l phng tin. Cc sn vt thng dng hng ngy c coi l cht lng

khi n t c nhng tiu ch chun mc nht nh. Theo cch hiu ca

ngi tiu dng th cht lng l ci lm hi lng, hoc vt nhng nhu cu

v mong mun ca ngi s dng.Cht lng o to nghc hiu l mt tiu thc phn nh cc mc

ca kt qu hot ng gio dc v hot ng o to c tnh lin tc t

khi u qu trnh o to nghn kt thc qu trnh .

Cht lng o to ngh khng c xem khu cui cng, kt qu

cui cng ca qu trnh o to. Theo l thuyt iu khin hc nu xem cht

lng o to l "u ra" th "u ra" khng tch khi c "u vo" m n

c nm trong mt h thng vi khu gia l qu trnh o to (hot ng

dy v hc) ca thy v tr.

Khi nim cht lng o to ngh lin quan cht ch vi khi nim

hiu quo to, ni n hiu quo to l ni n cc mc tiu t

mc no, sp ng kp thi cc yu cu ca nh trng v s chi ph tin

ca, sc lc, thi gian sao cho t nht nhng em li hiu qu nht. V th

cht lng o to ngh c th xem l gi tr sn phm m qu trnh dy hc-


46/142

33


gio dc mang li li ch cho x hi, nh trng, gia nh v hc sinh. Trong

iu kin nn kinh t nhiu thnh phn hin nay. Cht lng o to l mt

khi nim tng i, n ph thuc vo yu cu khch quan ca ngi s dnglao ng ch khng do ch ca ngi lm cng tc o to quy nh.

Cht lng o to ngh chu tc ng bi rt nhiu khu nhng trong

c cc khu quan trng nht l:

+ Qun l mc tiu, ni dung chng trnh, phng php o to ngh

+ Nhng vn qun l, cch qun l, cc quy ch, cch thc kim tra

nh gi cht lng o to ngh+ i ng gio vin, CBQL dy ngh

+ Tp th hc sinh hc ngh

+ Csvt cht k thut, cc ngun lc v ti chnh phc vo to ngh

+ Ch s dng v i ngi vi ngi c o to ngh

Mc tc ng ca cc khu ni trn khng ging nhau. V vy

nng cao cht lng o to ngh cn phi tm cc bin php qun l tt trongcc khu .

i mi, nng cao cht lng hiu qu ca cng tc o to ngh,

c nhiu vic phi lm, song vic trc ht cn nng cao nhn thc v cng

tc o to ngh, ng thi i mi mnh m cng tc qun lo to ngh v

phng php thc hin. y l nhng khu quan trng gp phn nng cao

cht lng v hiu qu ca cng tc cng tc o to ngh .

+ Nng cao cht lng o to

Nng cao cht lng o to l s ci tin cc tc ng vo cc khu

trong qu trnh o to nhm thu c hiu qu gio dc v o to cao nht.

Nh vy nng cao cht lng o to ngh chnh l s ci tin h thng t

hp cc bin php tng hiu qu, hiu sut ca mi khu trong qu trnh

o to nhm t kt quo to cao nht.


47/142


48/142

35


i mi v chin lc v sch lc trong o to ngun nhn lc cho s

nghip CNH-HH t nc.

+ Bi cnh quc tv trong nc va to thi c ln va t ra nhngthch thc khng nh cho gio dc ngh nghip Vit nam. Qu trnh tng

cng hp tc khu vc ASEAN v cc nc trn th gii v ang t ra

nhng yu cu mi khng ch v kinh t m c v gio dc c bit l v o

to ngun nhn lc theo cc chun mc o to khu vc v quc t.

+ Tin b KHCN v nhng i mi v t chc, qun l sn xut-dch

v trong tt c cc lnh vc KTXH cng t ra nhng yu cu mi v c cuv cht lng o to nhn lc ni chung v o to ngh nghip ni ring.

- Nhn thc v o to ngh ca x hi c mt bc chuyn i

nhy vt x hi qu trng tay ngh, ngi cng nhn c k thut kh nng

v chi tm kim vic lm d dng hn, sc lao ng c cao hn.

+ Yu cu mi i vi cng tc qun lo to ngh nhm mang li

hiu qu v cht lng ngun nhn lc phc v s nghip CNH-HH tnc l tng nhanh t trng pht trin cng nghip, dch v, do vy trong

tnh hnh mi mi nh trngu phi tnh gi cht lng qu trnh o

to ngh t c nhng thay i, iu chnh cho ph hp nhm lm cho

k nng tay ngh, kh nng chuyn mn ngang tm vi quc t v khu vc

l nhanh chng a Vit Nam ni chung v cc cso to ni ring sm

ho nhp, tip cn vi s pht trin cng nghip, dch v v du lch trong khu

vc v trn th gii.

- Cch, chnh sch caNh nc, s quan tm u t cc ngun lc

cho o to ngh. Hiu qu cng tc x hi ho gio dc o to, Dy ngh.


49/142

36


1.3.2. Nhng yu t ch quan.

- Cht lng ni dung chng trnh, phng php o to ngh

ca Nh trngNi dung, chng trnh o to cn theo hng mm ho, nng cao k

nng thc hnh, nng lc t to vic lm, nng lc thch ng vi nhng bin

i ca cng ngh v thc t sn xut kinh doanh; xy dng chng trnh dy

ngh theo Moul, m bo lin thng gia cc trnh o to ngh vi cc

trnh o to khc trong h thng gio dc quc dn; xy dng ni dung

chng trnh o to ngh trnh cao theo hng tip cn trnh tin tintrong khu vc v th gii;

Cht lng phng php dy v hc ngh cn theo hng pht huy

c nng lc, tnh t ch v tnh tch cc ca mi c nhn.

- Kh nng huy ng ngun vn u tcho cc ngun lc phc v

qu trnh o to ngh:

Nh trngc th tranh th ngun vin trhoc vay vi li sut u it cc t chc trong v nc ngoi; y mnh cng tc x hi ha s nghip

dy ngh bng huy ng cc ngun lc x hi, c bit l t cc doanh nghip

v mrng cc hnh thc lin kt u t vi Doanh nghip ngnh xy dng

trong v ngoi nc u t cho pht trin dy ngh.

Cch, chnh sch nhm pht huy ni lc, thu ht cc thnh phn kinh

t, cc n v, c nhn u t voNh trng.

Cc ngun lc nng cp csvt cht k thut cho nh trng, tp

trung tng bc chun ha v din tch, v phng hc, nh xng, k tc x

v trang thit b dy ngh. nh trng cn tp trung y mnh cng tc nghin

cu khoa hc, thc nghim v ng dng cng ngh mi vo phc v cng tc

ging dy v hc tp.


50/142

37


- Hiu qu cng tc qun l, kim tra, gim st m bo cht lng

o to ngh

Cht lng v s phi hp ca h thng qun l, o to, bi dngnng cao nng lc v cht lng cho i ng cn b qun l cc phng, khoa,

t mn.

Nng lc cng tc lp k hoch, d bo nhu cu nhn lc v vai tr

iu tit qui m, ccu o to caNh nc.

S chng v t chu trch nhim v tch cc tham gia ca cc b

phn trong trng v cng tc thanh tra, kim tra v kim nh cht lng cnh hng rt ln ti cht lng o to ngh.

- Cht lng tuyn sinh u vo ca hc sinh, cht lng i ng

gio vin nh trng

+ Kt qu ca qu trnh o to ph thuc vo nhiu yu t: mc tiu

o to; thy; tr; ni dung; phng php; hnh thc t chc; iu kin bn

trong, bn ngoi,...trong thy v tr l hai nhn t trung tm trong qutrnh o to. Mun c tr gii cn phi c thy gii v ngc li, thy c

gii mi c c tr gii. Thy gio l ngi quyt nh trc tip cht lng

gio dc v ngi hc l ch th ca hot ng hc v th cht lng tuyn

sinh u vo ca hc sinh rt quan trng nng cao cht lng o to.

Ngh quyt T2 kho VIII ca BCHT ng khng nh: "Gio

vin l nhn t quyt nh cht lng ca gio dc v c x hi tn vinh,

gio vin phi c c, ti". V lnh trng phi quan tm pht trin ti

lc, nhn cch ca ngi thy gio iu c th hin cc mt:

+ Ngi thy phi t cc chun v kin thc chuyn mn, k thut,

kin thc lin quan v c bit phi c trnh k nng tay ngh thnh tho.

+ Bn cnh , Ngi thy phi c phm cht o c tt, c kin thc

s phm ngh nghip chc, c k nng t hc, t bi dng thnh tho. Do

khoa hc k thut ngy cng pht trin, s lng tri thc ca loi ngi tng


51/142

38


nhanh, i hi mi mt nh gio phi thng xuyn cp nht hc tp nu

khng mun mnh b lc hu. K thut, vt liu v cng ngh thi cng xy

dng cng lun vn ng v lun i mi; v th gio vin xy dng cnthng xuyn c cp nht kin thc mi, c tp hun v o to li.

+ Chin lc, k hoch xy dng v pht trin i ng gio vin- nhn

t quyt nh thng li ca chin lc pht trin trng dy ngh. Gio vin

dy ngh cn c o to t chun, trn chun; ch kp thi b sung gio

vin cho cc ngh mi, cho chng trnh o to cht lng cao. Tng bc

chun ha i ng gio vin; m bo t l trung bnh gio vin/hc sinh t1/15; nng dn t l gio vin c trnh i hc, Sau i hc.

- Cht lng i ng cn b qun lo to ca Nh trng

qun l tt cng tc o to ngh v c hiu qu th ngi CBQL

cn phi am hiu chuyn mn, k thut, ngh nghip theo cc chuyn ngnh

o to ca nh trng, ng thi phi c kin thc v nng lc qun l nht

nh p ng c vi cc hot ng o to ca nh trng. Ngi CBQLcn phi:

+ T chc thc hin tt mc tiu, chng trnh o to ca nh trng.

+ Chu trch nhim phi hp cc ngun lc bo m cc mc tiu o

to ca trngc thc hin mt cch chun xc, khoa hc, ng k hoch.

+ Thng xuyn tm cch tip thu vn dng ci mi vo trong cng tc

qun lo to.

+ Qu trnh thc hin qun lo to ngh, khi trin khai phi lm tt

cng tc hng dn v kim tra gim st cht ch khi thc hin.

- Cht lng csvt cht k thut, thit b phc vo to ngh

Vi mt trng ngh th yu t trang thit b, phng tin dy hc v

csvt cht phc v cho o to l rt quan trng. Cht lng thc tp tay

ngh, cht lng ging dy ph thuc phn ln vo s ph hp ca trang thit


52/142

39


b dy hc, vt t, vt liu cung cp cho hc tp. Cc yu cu v csvt

cht phc vo to ngh cn t c:

+ C thit b my mc, trang thit b, phng tin k thut, nguyn,nhin vt liu ph hp cho qu trnh o to.

+ Thng xuyn u t mua sm b sung trang thit b, sa cha,

nng cp thit b, nh xng, phng hc, phng th nghim, th vin,....p

ng c nhu cu ging dy v hc tp ca gio vin v hc sinh.

+ Cc trang thit b, my mc u t mi nn theo hng tip cn hin

i, tip cn thc t sn xut hin nay.+ Cung cp y ti liu hc tp, gio trnh, sch tham kho phc v

cho ging dy v hc tp.

- Hiu qu cc bin php xy dng v trin khai h thng kim nh

nh gi cht lng dy ngh theo cng ngh mi m bo tnh khch quan,

hin i.

- Cht lng cng tc t chc lin kt, lin thng gia cc cso tov c s sn xut cn phi kt hp o to kin thc, k nng c bn ti

trng vi o to k nng ngh nghip ti cssn xut, kinh doanh.

* Tiu kt chng 1:

Cht lng gio dc -o to ni chung v cht lng o to ngh ni

ring chu tc ng bi nhiu yu t v mt khch quan v mt ch quan. Cc

yu t ny nh hng trc tip hoc gin tip n cht lng qu trnh o tongh trong mt nh trng.

Qun l qu trnh o to ngh hng ti cht lng thc cht l qun l

cc yu t Mc tiu o to ngh, ni dung, phng php, hnh thc t chc,

hot ng dy - hc ngh, s p ng ca c s vt cht, trang thit b,

phng tin, mi trng o to ngh, s ph hp ca kim tra, nh gi, t

chc b my o to ngh,Trong qu trnh qun l cng tc o to ngh


53/142

40


cc yu t trn lun lun vn ng v tc ng qua li ln nhau lm ny sinh

nhng tnh hung qun l. Do vy, nh qun l phi thng xuyn theo di,

nh gi, x l cc sai lch kp thi iu chnh nhm lm cho cng tc giodc, o to v nh trng pht trin lin tc.

Nu hn chc ti a cc yu t bt li, tiu cc v pht huy c

nhng yu t tch cc, c li th qu trnh o to ngh trong nh trng s

pht huy ti a hiu qu gp phn m bo cht lng o to ngh.


54/142

41


Chng 2

THCTRNG CNG TC QUN L OTONGH

TRUNG TRUNG CP XY DNG UNG B, QUNG NINHGIAI ON 2006-2009

2.1.Khi qut v tnh hnh kinh t x hi tnh Qung Ninh, khi

qut v Trung Trung cp xy dng Ung B

2.1.1. Khi qut tnh hnh kinh t - x hi tnh Qung Ninh

Qung Ninh l mt tnh bin gii nm vng ng Bc ca T quc,l a bn c v tr chin lc quan trng v chnh tr, kinh t, an ninh, quc

phng v i ngoi ca c nc. Qung Ninh c tng din tch trn 5.900

km2, vi ng bin gii trn b di 132,8 km v hn 250 km ng bin

gii trn bin tip gip vi Trung Quc. Tnh Qung Ninh c 10 huyn, 2 th

x v 2 thnh ph, dn s 1.144.381 ngi thuc 22 dn tc khc nhau, trong

ngi Kinh chim gn 90% dn s, sng xen k vi cc dn tc anh em.Qung Ninh c nn vn ha lu i - Vn ha H Long - c ghi

vo lch s nh mt mc son nh du s tin ha ca nn vn minh dn tc

Vit Nam. Qung Ninh l mt trong nhng ci ni ca giai cp cng nhn

Vit Nam. L mt tnh c tim nng, th mnh v v tr chin lc, du lch, ti

nguyn, lao ng,.... c bit, vnh H Long c UNESCO hai ln cng

nhn l Di sn th gii bi nhng gi tr ngoi hng mang tnh ton cu v

cnh quan v a cht, a mo. Do trong thi ki mi, y mnh CNH-

HH t nc, Qung Ninh c xc nh l tnh trong vng tam gic

trng im kinh t pha Bc: H Ni - Hi Phng - Qung Ninh.

Qung Ninh l mt trng im kinh t, mt u tu ca vng kinh t

trng im pha Bcng thi l mt trong bn trung tm du lch ln ca Vit

Nam vi di sn thin nhin th giivnh H Long hai ln c UNESCO

cng nhn v gi tr thm m v a cht, a mo. Qung Ninh c 3 Khu kinh
http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%B9ng_kinh_t%E1%BA%BF_tr%E1%BB%8Dng_%C4%91i%E1%BB%83m_ph%C3%ADa_B%E1%BA%AFchttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%B9ng_kinh_t%E1%BA%BF_tr%E1%BB%8Dng_%C4%91i%E1%BB%83m_ph%C3%ADa_B%E1%BA%AFchttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%B9ng_kinh_t%E1%BA%BF_tr%E1%BB%8Dng_%C4%91i%E1%BB%83m_ph%C3%ADa_B%E1%BA%AFchttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi%E1%BB%87t_Namhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi%E1%BB%87t_Namhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%E1%BB%8Bnh_H%E1%BA%A1_Longhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%E1%BB%8Bnh_H%E1%BA%A1_Longhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%E1%BB%8Bnh_H%E1%BA%A1_Longhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%E1%BB%8Bnh_H%E1%BA%A1_Longhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi%E1%BB%87t_Namhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi%E1%BB%87t_Namhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi%E1%BB%87t_Namhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%B9ng_kinh_t%E1%BA%BF_tr%E1%BB%8Dng_%C4%91i%E1%BB%83m_ph%C3%ADa_B%E1%BA%AFchttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%B9ng_kinh_t%E1%BA%BF_tr%E1%BB%8Dng_%C4%91i%E1%BB%83m_ph%C3%ADa_B%E1%BA%AFchttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%B9ng_kinh_t%E1%BA%BF_tr%E1%BB%8Dng_%C4%91i%E1%BB%83m_ph%C3%ADa_B%E1%BA%AFc


55/142

42


t Vn n, hai Trung tm thng mi H Long,Mng Ci l u mi giao

thng gia hai nc Vit Nam-Trung Qucv cc nc trong khu vc.

Qung Ninh hi t nhng iu kin thun li cho pht trin kinh t - xhi quan trng trong tin trnh CNH-HHt nc. L mt tnh c ngun ti

nguyn khong sn, (v tr lng than trn ton Vit Nam th ring Qung

Ninh chim ti 90%.) nguyn liu sn xut vt liu xy dng, cung cp vt

t, nguyn liu cho cc ngnh sn xut trong nc v xut khu, ng gp

quan trng cho s pht trin kinh t, tng trng GDP ca tnh Qung Ninh.

Qung Ninh c xc nh l 1 im ca vnh ai kinh t Vnh Bc B, lca ng quan trng ca hnh lang kinh t Nam Ninh-H Ni-Hi Phng-

Qung Ninh. C h thng cng bin, cng nc su c nng lc bc xp cho

tu hng vn tn,... to ra nhiu thun li cho ngnh vn ti ng bin gia

nc tavi cc nc trn th gii. Qung Ninh c h thng ca khu phn b

trn dc tuyn bin gii, c bit ca khu quc tMng Ci l ni hi t

giao lu thng mi, du lch, dch v v thu ht cc nh u t; L ca nggiao dch xut nhp khu vi Trung Quc v cc nc trong khu vc.

Nm 2009, Qung Ninh xp th5 cnc v thu ngn sch Nh nc.

Nm 2010 GDP u ngi c t 1500 USD/nm. Nm 2009 lng bnh

qun ca lao ng trn a bn tnh c t gn 4 triu ng. Cng nhn

ngnh m c t trn 5.3triu.Nm 2010, Qung Ninh t mc tiu phn

u tc tng trng t 11%.

Tnh n ngy 20/11/2008, trn a bn Qung Ninh hin c khong

4.675 doanh nghip ng k hot ng, kinh doanh vi tng s vn ng k

50.417 t ng. Trong 5 nm gn y, Qung Ninh trin khai xy dng v

hnh thnh cc khu cng nghip, thu din trng im nh nh my nhit in

Ung B giai on 2, giai on 3, Nh my Nhit in Mng Dng, Nh

my Nhit in Cm Ph, cng xut gn 100MW, Nh my my xi mng

Lam Thch giai on 2, Nh my Xi mng Cm Ph, Xi mng Thng nht, Xi
http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A2n_%C4%90%E1%BB%93nhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BA%A1_Longhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BA%A1_Longhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%B3ng_C%C3%A1ihttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi%E1%BB%87t_Namhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi%E1%BB%87t_Namhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trung_Qu%E1%BB%91chttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trung_Qu%E1%BB%91chttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trung_Qu%E1%BB%91chttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trung_Qu%E1%BB%91chttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi%E1%BB%87t_Namhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%B3ng_C%C3%A1ihttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BA%A1_Longhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A2n_%C4%90%E1%BB%93n


56/142

43


mng Honh B,....cc cscng nghip, cc lng ngh truyn thng v

ang pht trin mt cch nhanh chng v ng b.

-H thng trng o to nghtrong tnh Qung NinhQung Ninh hin c 19 c s o to H, C, TCCN, TCN bao gm

01 trng i hc, 02 phn hiu i hc, 02 d n i hc, 06 trng Cao

ngchuyn nghip, 02 trng Cao ng ngh, 02 trng trung cp chuyn

nghip, 04 trng trung cp ngh ca Trung ng v i phng thuc cc

lnh vc. Gm cc trng:

- i hc Cng nghip Qung Ninh- i hc Ngoi thng phn hiu Qung Ninh

- i hc M a cht phn hiu Qung Ninh

- D n i hc in lc phn hiu Qung Ninh

- D n i hc H Long

- Cao ng S phm Qung Ninh

- Cao ng Nng lm ng Bc- Cao ng Y t Qung Ninh

- Cao ng Cng nghip Cm Ph

- Cao ng Cng nghip v Xy dng Ung B

- Cao ng Vn ha ngh thut v Du lch H Long

- Cao ng Ngh m Hu ngh

- Cao ng Ngh m Hng Cm

- Trung cp Kinh t

- Trung cp Xy dng

- Trung cp ngh cng ngh H Long

- Trung cp ngh cng nghip v xy dng

- Trung cp ngh Giao thng c in

- Trung cp Nng lm ng nghip Qung Ninh
http://quangninh.gov.vn/Trangchu/Co_so_ha_tang/00021b.aspxhttp://quangninh.gov.vn/Trangchu/Co_so_ha_tang/00021b.aspxhttp://quangninh.gov.vn/Trangchu/Co_so_ha_tang/00021b.aspxhttp://quangninh.gov.vn/Trangchu/Co_so_ha_tang/00021b.aspx


57/142

44


2.1.2. Khi qut v Trung Trung cp xy dng Ung B,

Qung Ninh

Xut pht t nhu cu cn nhn lc thi cng cc cng trnh ln trngim Quc gia nh: Cng trnh Nh my thuin Thc B, Thuin Ho

Bnh, Thuin Ph Li,....ca ngnh xy dng phc v cho cng cuc xy

dng Min Bc v khng chin chng M cu nc.

Nm 1973, B Kin trc ( nay l B Xy dng ) ra Quyt nh s

932/BKT ngy 28/6/1973 thnh lp Trng o to cng nhn k thut thuc

Cng ty Kin trc Ung B tin thn ca Trng trung cp xy dng hin nay.Nm 1995 p ng yu cu i mi,Nh trngc B xy dng

i tn v b sung nhim v thnh Trng cng nhn k thut xy dng

thuc Tng cng ty xy dng v pht trin h tng(LICOGI) - B Xy dng

theo Quyt nh s 998/BXD-TCL ngy 20/11/21995 ca B Xy dng.

Nm 2006 theo quyt nh s 1025/Q-BXD ngy 11/7/2006 ca B

trng B xy dngNh trngc nng cp thnh Trng trung cp xydng trn csTrng cng nhn k thut xy dng thuc Tng cng ty xy

dng pht trin h tng.

Ngy 12/01/2010, Chnh ph ra Quyt nh s 52/Q-TTg thnh lp

Tp on Cng nghip xy dng Vit Nam. Hin nay, Trng l n v s

nghip ca Tp on Cng nghip xy dng Vit Nam. Trng c nhim v t

chc, thc hin vic o to bi dng cn b k thut vin, cng nhn trnh

trung cp ngh, scp ngh b sung thlnh ngh cho Tp on cng

nghip xy dng, cho Ngnh xy dng v cho ton x hi.

Trng c chc nng, nhim v l:

- o to K thut vin, Cn b k thut trnh Trung cp chuyn nghip

- o to i ng Cng nhn k thut trnh Trung cp ngh, Scp ngh

- o to v bi dng nghip v cho cn b k thut.


58/142

45


- o to, gio dc nh hng v tuyn chn ngi Vit Nam i lm

vic c thi hn nc ngoi.

- Bi dng nng cao tay ngh v t chc thi chng nhn tay ngh, tchc Thi nng bc thcho cc c nhn, n v v Doanh nghip c nhu cu.

Hot ng lin kt o to

- Lin kt vi Trng i hc Kin Trc H Ni tuyn sinh mcc lp

o to K s xy dng DD&CN, K s cp thot nc h va lm va hc.

- Lin kt vi nhiu Trng i hc, Cao ng khc tuyn sinh o to,

o to lin thng K s, C nhn H, C v Trung cp cc ngnh Xydng, Kinh t, Cng ngh Ckh, Ch to my,...

Hot ng t vn-gim st, th nghim kim nh cht lng xy dng,

v dch v xy dng:

- Nhn lm dch v t vn, gim st cng trnh xy dng DD&CN.

- Nhn th nghim, kim nh cht lng vt liu, cng trnh xy dng

- Nhn thi cng cng trnh xy dng.* Cc ngnh ngho to

H Trung cp chuyn nghip gm 6 chuyn ngnh: Xy dng DD&CN,

Hch ton k ton, Cp thot nc, Trc a cng trnh, in DD&CN, Cng

ngh thng tin.

H Trung cp ngh gm 19 ngnh ngh thuc nhm ngh c kh, c

gii v xy dng,....

* Kt quo to v lin kt o to:

37 nm xy dng v trng thnh. Nh trngo to c: 2.250

K thut vin, gn 23.000 cng nhn, Cn b k thut Xy dng, lin kt

Trng H Kin Trc H Ni tuyn sinh v o to hn 2.000 K s Xy

dng. tnh n thng 8/2010 c gn 900 k s ra trng. Hu ht, HSSV

tt nghip tm c cng vic n nh, c thu nhp tt.


59/142

46


S HS-SV hin ang o to ti trng:+ 250 K thut vin/nm H Trung cp chuyn nghip

+ 1.850 Hc sinh/nm H Trung cp ngh, Scp ngh+ Lin kt vi Trng H Kin Trc H Ni o to 497 Sinh vin

chuyn ngnh xy dng DD&CN.

T chc b my nh trngtheo s sau:

S 2.1. Tchc b my trng Trung cp xy dng

Cc lp Hc sinh Sinh vin

TmnHncngngh

Tmn

C s,i

cng

TMnin,nc,ng

ng

T mnC kh

vnhnh

my TC

TMnHnh

ho VXD

TmnThicng

TmnN

mcCp

pha

TmnB

tngCt

thp

Tmn

Qunl

Kinh

t

TmnTrca

cng

trnh

TmnTinhc,

CNTT

TMnC

kt cu

Ban gim hiu

Hi ng Khoa hcv o to

Hi ng thi uaKhen thng

ng u Cc t chc on th

Phngoto

PhngCng tcHc sinh

-Sinhvin

PhngK

ton

tichnh

Khoao to

nghXy

dng

Khoao tongh Ckh xy

dng

Khoa Cs, Cng

nghThng

tin

PhngT

Chc

Hnhchnh

Xnghip

xydng v

C khinnc

PhngTh

ngimv kim

nhXD

KhoaXydng


60/142

47


Mt s thnh tch Nh trngt c:Vi truyn thng 37 nm xy dng v pht trin, tp th lnh o Nh

trng, cn b, gio vin, cng nhn vin lun c gng n lc phn uhon thnh xut sc mi nhim v. Trng Trung cp xy dng vinh d

c ng v Nh nc tng thng:

- 01 Hun chng Lao ng Hng ba nm 1991.

- 01 Hun chng Lao ng Hng nh nm 2003.

- 01 Hun Chng Lao ng hng Nht nm 2008.

- 02 Huy chng vng cng trnh cht lng cao.

- 11 Cthi ua xut sc.

- 01 ng chc tng Hun chng lao ng Hng ba.

- 02 ng chc tng bng khen ca Th tng Chnh ph.

- 02 ng chc tng danh hiu Nh gio u t.- 01 ng chc tng Bng khen lao ng sng to ca Tng lin

on Lao ng Vit Nam.

- 53 ng cht Danh hiu Chin sThi ua cp B Xy Dng

- 16 lt gio vin Gii Nht, Gii nh, Gii Ba Hi thi gio vin gii

Cp Ton Quc, 87 lt gio vin Gii Nht, Nh v Ba Hi thi gio vin gii

cp ngnh Xy dng, tnh Qung Ninh

- 02 hc sinh t Danh hiu hc sinh Gii nghQuc t, 27 lt hc

sinh t Gii Nht, Gii nh Cp Ton Quc, 84 lt hc sinh t Gii Nht,

Nh Hi thi Hc sinh gii ngh cp ngnh Xy dng, tnh Qung Ninh

- 22 Thit bt Gii Nht, Gii Nh v Gii Ba Hi thi Thit b dy

ngh t lm cp Ton Quc


61/142

48


Nhiu nm lin ng b trng lin tc t danh hiu ng b trong

sch vng mnh. Nh trng gi vng danh hiu tin tin xut sc ca tnh

Qung ninh v Ngnh xy dng. Nhiu tp th, c nhn nhiu nm lin ctng bng khen ca B xy dng, B lao ng TB&XH, ca UBND tnh

Qung Ninh.

2.2. Thc trng cng tc qun lo to nghTrung Trung cp

xy dng Ung B, Qung Ninh

2.2.1. Thc trng duy tr, n nh qu trnh o to nhm

m bo cht lng o to nghTrong sut chng ng 37 nm xy dng v trng thnh, tp th CB,

GV, CNV nh trng n lc phn u vn ln, vt qua mi kh khn

thch thc m rng cc ngnh ngh o to, gp phn ng k cho s

nghip xy dng t nc, vi cc ngnh ngh truyn thng mNh trng

o to nh: 03 ngnh TCCN, 19 ngh h trung cp ngh v 12 ngnh

ngh scp ngh.Bn cnh , hin nh trng cn o to bi dng nng bc cho cng

nhn, o to hng nghip cho ngi Vit nam i lao ng c thi hn

nc ngoi, lin kt o to vi Trng H Kin Trc H Ni, Trng H

S phm k thut Nam nh, Hc vin K thut Qun s B Quc Phng o

to i hc h va lm va hc cc chuyn ngnh xy dng DD&CN, cp

thot nc, Cng ngh ch to my, Cng ngh hn, in DD&CN, cng

trnh ngm cngtrnh c bit,.....

Khi mi thnh lp nm 1973, i ng cn b gio vin, cng nhn vin

Nh trngc iu ng v ch c 28 ngi. B my iu hnh Trng ch

c mt chi b trc thuc vi 05 ng vin, 01 cng on b phn. S cn b

gio vin trnh i hc l 01 ng ch, trnh trung cp l 03 ng ch,

s cn li l gio vin thc hnh, ch yu l c tay ngh bc th. Csvt

cht cn ngho nn, trang thit b phc v cho cng tc ging dy cha .


62/142

49


Csvt cht ca nh trng ch c 3 nh k tc x 4 tng, cn li nh hc,

nh hiu b, cc nh xng l nh cp 4. Song c s quan tm gip ca

Lnh o cp trn, cng vi s c gng n lc ca tp th lnh o, GV,CBCNV nh trng khc phc nhng kh khn, quyt tm xy dng

trng, lp, xy dng csvt cht phc v cho cng tc ging dy v hc.

Thc hin tt nhim vo to i ng cn b k thut, cng nhn lnh ngh

p ng nhu cu nhn lc cho cc n v trong Tng cng ty, cho ngnh

xy dng v cho x hi.

37 nm qua, trngo to c hn 30 ngn cng nhn, cn b kthut xy dng, lin kt o to hn 2.000 k s xy dng, tt nghip ra

trng gn 1.200 SV. T mi trng ny, nhng cn b k thut, nhng

ngi cng nhn toi khp mi ni, ng gp sc lc ca mnh vo s

nghip xy dng v pht trin kinh t ca t nc. Nhiu ngi t

trnh thbc cao, c ngi trthnh cn b k thut gii, cn b lnh o

qun lnhiu cng v khc nhau.Giai on t nm 1984 n nm 1994 l thi knh trng gp nhiu

kh khn, i ng gio vin cha c chun ho, ch tiu k hoch o to

chp v, cha c nh hng c th, i sng CB, GV, CNV cn kh khn

vi l do ang giai on giao thi, t ch xo b ch bao cp, chuyn

sang thi k kinh t th trng c nh hng XHCN. Song c s cho,

gip ca lnh o cp trn, thy v tr nh trng khc phc mi kh

khn vn ln v quyt tm thc hin tt nhim vc giao.

Tnm 1995 n nay l giai on n nh v pht trin bn vng. Lnh

o trng thc su sc rng, s thnh bi ca n v l do cn b quyt

nh, chnh v th m cng tc cn b v i ng gio vin c trngc

bit quan tm bi dng k cv tinh thn v vt cht h yn tm cng

tc, gn b vi trng, vi ngh. em ti nng tr tu phc v s nghip

dy ngh.


63/142

50


Trong nhng nm gn y, mc d ngun kinh phc u t cho o

to ngh cn hn hp. Song c s gip ca lnh o cc cp, s c gng

n lc ca lnh o, Ban gim hiu nh trng cng ton th cn b, gio vin,cng nhn vin tch cc mra cc loi hnh o to, o to lin kt, o to

ti ch ni c khu cng nghip, o to cho ngi ngho tnh Qung ninh, o

to cho ngi sau cai nghin.

V cng tc lin kt o to, t nm 1994 nh trng lin kt vi

Trng H Kin Trc H Ni mho to i hc ti chc ngnh xy dng

DD&CN, cp thot nc. Tnh n nm 2009, trng v ang lin kt oto 13 kho, trong 9 kho tt nghip ra trng vi gn 800 k s xy dng.

S k s tt nghip ra trng v ang cng tc ti cc c quan, n v,

doanh nghip. Nhiu ngi gi cc cng v cn b ch cht.

Ngoi ra trng cn mcc ho to scp ngh, h nng cao, o to

nh hng cho ngi Vit Nam i lao ng hp tc c thi hn nc ngoi,

o to lin kt vi cc trung tm hng nghip dy ngh v trung tm hc tpcng ng cc huyn, th x nh: trung tm hng nghip v dy ngh huyn

Hi H tnh Qung Ninh, trung tm dy ngh huyn Hu lng tnh Lng sn,

o to cung cp nhn lc cho cc cng trnh thuin Sn la, Thuin Nale

Bc H Lo Cai, Thuin A Vng Qung Ngi, Thuin Lai Chu, Trung

tm Hi ngh Quc gia,...

Documents

Luan Van Dowload