Ü î Ý é - inlandfisheries · dulfi:YtEl ?,1{FIO::glnA Anuwat Uppanunchai Ratana Insiripong Theerachai Pongianyakul Iou v 4l au j rildmyrljUu?ouraril 47 -057 4-47 07 2 ÿ

AUdlondl:Tu1nl:fliluli ob/k &d6 Technical Paper no. 16/2006

Inland Fisheries Research and Development Bureau

Department of Fisheries

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EFFECT OF FEEDING FREQUENCY ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF

coMMoN LOWLAND FROG, Rana rugulosa (wiegmann) TADPOLE

orlifi qrJriu"luu

ua/aad:9ru1 ouYt:fl:?{{u

dul[:vTU ?{{flO::UlqA

Anuwat Uppanunchai

Ratana InsiripongTheerachai Pongjanyakul

Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives

ส้านัก

วิจัยและพัฒ

นาประมงน้้าจืด

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Im: o-adur-dolod

l@ddd

Phrae Inland Fisheries Research and

Development Center

Amphoe Nongmuangkhai, Phrae 54170

Tel.0-5463-5024

2006

Technical Paper no. 16/2006

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n ? I il Gr I u n'l : t ?t o't ?1 I : 9t o n I : lo : Eu [9r u I gl'1, o { fl lJ u I : v u v ? u 0 o uEFFECT OF FEEDING FREQUENCY ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF

COMMON LOWLAND FROG, Rana rugulosa (Wiegmann) TADPOLE

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Anuwat Uppanunchai

Ratana InsiripongTheerachai Pongianyakul

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ส้านัก



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ส้านัก



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EFFECT OF FEEDING FREQUENCY ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF

coMMoN LOWLAND FROG, Rana rugulosa (wiegmann) TADPOLE

Anuwat Uppanunchai

Phrae Inland Fisheries Research and Development Center,

Amphoe Nongmuangkhai, Phrae 54170, Thailand

Ratana InsiriPong

Khon Kaen Inland Fisheries Research and Development Center,

Amphoe Mueang, Khon Kaen 40000, Thailand

Theerachai Pongj anYakul

ubonratchathani Inland Fisheries Research and Development center,

Amphoe Mueang, Ubonratchathani 34000, Thailand

ABSTRACT

Nursing of common lowland frog with five feeding frequencies 2,3, 4, 5 and 6

times/day was studied by using the average initial weight of tadpole 0'24+0'01 g' The

experiment was conducted in 45x90x45 cm glass aquaria, contained 50 litres of water at

stocking density of50 tadpoles/aquarium and fed to satiation at each feeding frequency for 4

weeks.

The results showed that feeding frequency had strongly effect on survival rate.

The survival rate of frog fed at the rate of 5 and 6 times/day were significantly higher than

the frog fed 2,3 and 4 times/day (p<0.05). Thus the feeding frequency at least 5 times/day is

suggested for nursing offrog (tadpole).

Key words: tadpole Rana rugulosa feedtng frequency

ส้านัก



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ส้านัก



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ส้านัก



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2.64+0.31"

58.00+2.00"

72.67*t.15'

86.67+8.33'

97.33+3.06u

98.67*2.3ru

z

3

4

5

6

z.i4+o.roo

2.55+0.04'

3.01+0.07"

2.95+0.10"

3.42+o.1ro

0.24*o.o l o

0.23+0.01"

0.24*o.o l"n

0.23+0.01'

0.26+0.01"

4.44+0.1 8'

3.05+o.l ro

1.9710.06"

1.56*0.o6o

1.25+0.04"

47.33!3.06^

58.6714. I 6b

62.67+3.060

86.67+2.31"

88.0015.29'

z

3

4

5

6

2.39+0. I 9"n

2.43+0.06t

2.25+0.38'b

z.o2+0.13^

2. I 4+0.06"b

0.1 5+0.01"

0.1 5*o.ooo"

0.1 5*o.o 1o'

0. I 3+0.00'

0.14*o.o l t

3.21+0.240

2.06+0.05"

t.66+0.25b

1.29+0.08"

L 1 2+0.05'

30.00+2.00'

39.33+3.06'o

35.33*l.r5o

54.0014.00'

63.3314. I 6'

2

3

4

J

6

4.52+9.331

4.25+0.06'b

3.67+0.t 1"

3.72+O.lg^

3.96*0.o9"n

0.21+o.o4u

0.19+0.00"b

0. I 7+0.00"

0. I 710.00"

0. 18+0.01"'

2.28+0.03"

r.5z*o.o2u

1. I 4+0.01 "

0.88*o.03n

0.76+0.03"

25.33+1. I 5"

26.67+2.31'

30.67+l . I 5"

47.33+6.430

54.67*7.02'

flilrutfi9t, i i. - , u v dt a

ri t tq a t.tr n r n u o x uo n u : n 1 u 1 0 { n q u m a l{ n u n 1 il [[u

I a ooirrn nsiri riuvrr.: ao fr fr :v 6'u fiudr ri'iy o.os

.r 1 u ii'r.l o r #rG I r riu ttafl {'i r fi nr r r ruส้านัก



8

L v ier d o u d'r u n r t ru 6 lu n r : 1 #o r u r : si r I ri'u s : v 6'u rfl u

:euut?al + tt'rjqr#

ay . a .uu nr:"[r.f orvl: (n5{/au)

! --A tt Arirr rin sr":rEu 6u rqd u (nfu ) 0.24+0.01 0.24+0.01

4.25+0.06" 3.67+0.11^

0.19+0.00^ 0.17+0.00"

0.06+0.00b 0.04+0.00"

1 .4t 1.09

0.24+0.01 0.24+0.01

3.72+O.lg" 3.96+0.09b

0.17+0.00" 0.18+0.01"

0.03+0.00" 0.03+0.00"

0.81 0.76

! -- s) Au"rruna?d9rvt lu[aa u (nflJ)

'

,t , , - t d

il:Ntolo'1ilt:tl tl{9tost ?glo?u

(nfrul6'rliu)iq , r '

rl?ursuo r14r: fr "[fi siooi'rsionfI 0.10+0.02"

(nfirtnf.:)

d'qr:rnr:'l#orur:r 4d , ! u u il

( ul o f rfi u pilri rm fin 6'rrn :-.r )

6'q:r:oq (%)

0.24+0.01

5.00+0.01d

o.2l+0.04^

2.00

25.33+1.15^ 26.61+2.31^ 30.67+1.15^ 47.33+6.43b 54.67+7.02b

t i i. - Y u u 4t u I d t o aa

?m.nutfiE ritrafiufirirfi'tJ6'rud'nu:nruro'rnqufrnt{nuflltJttu?uouttdo.l'l'liln'l1tJttflnfl1{numl{dCIqli-Yl:v9tiluud]nflJ 0.05

z. rJ?r.noro rn1: dl#Ausio fra sioiu

z. t rl?:L rnr o r u r : fi l#nû si o si'r si o{u

rl?rurororur:fi1#fiusio6"lsio{u{osnuurfioqrradxun?rild"lunr:'l#orur: 2, 3, 4, s

I - d! v | / d ra jq gl+ I 9-,!- y-- -^y-^- v t l4 t

rray 6 n:{/'lu nlu:yuu[']ar + #:Jqril fi:J?rurororu1:vrtrnunosi'lqioSu rd'lmnoo.l t ii'rlnrri frrit

rvirri':r 0.23+0.01,0.20+0.01,0.20+0.02,0.19+0.00 [[au 0.20+0.02 nfil srrrLaird'u (srr:rld r) tdo

s) t ) y iq ct, I .- d t^ jqga11Odoilll',r.ldilSt-trd',t ilu'jlnuulfrouura6?un'rllJolunl: [f orur: 2 n:{/?u lJ1l:tllil0'11'{r:vltl'lflu

qio6'rsioiururnn'jrodr.:firiudrni'cymr.rafin'1p<0.05) riunrurfioUUrad?unxrilfi 5 rrav o n9.rl5u rrqi

rrflneir{rj'uodr':kifiriuiird'omrqafisr^ (p>0.05) nuurdouuradlun'lrild 3 LLav 4n9.rriu ,Jodnr"'lfi

ruav 6 o#oliu fir]?rLrarorrr:fi1#fiusio6'rsioiufiorrru

r r fl n ei r.1 ri'u o d r I hi fi riu d I d'q lt t s a o^ or^ (p> 0 . 0 5 )

r,rd'ruqao{ z dil.lltyi rl?rurnrorrr:fi1#fiuqiod'rqioiufirirtvitril o.z++0.01, 0.23+0.01,

0.24+0.01, 0.23+0.01 rray 0.26+0.01 nfrJ qrrudrd'rL (nr:tfi t) tttiomqaolmrlan^6tt#': uu'jrnuurfiy iq q9 I .- 4 la ---+q y^ I u .r-!'-.- ---^ I 4

ouutadxuq?1ilil'[unt:'[riorur: 6 ni{/iu ilt-Jiruratotrl:m [f nun0nx0t0']uillnm(fl 0u1.1u

,iua',d'rur',uafio^ 1p<o.os) d.rdnuurfiorluradron?1ildlunr:1#orur: 2, 3 trau + ng.rlfu traunuu'l

A gt j6r qil - J - d la jq/^ I u drlouilrao?un'nrJ6rtunr:1#orr.rr: 3, 4 t[au s nYltiu firl?rurarorur:fr'lr{ilusroql"]eioiuilnrru

", h 14 q

r ra n ei r { riu o d r.r't ri fi riu d r ri'q vr r'r a fi 6 (p>0. 0 5 )

ส้านัก



9

ua'{mqao{ s xi'ilor# rl?rursuorr.rr:fi1#fiusio6"rsioiufirirrvirfi'u o.tsto.ol, 0.15+0.00,

0.r5+0.0r, 0.13+0.00 rlou 0.14+0.0t nfru srrruiirdr (r',r',od t) u.laomqaouvrr.rafio^rrdr vr:L'irnuurfi

ouurad'runrrrL6lunr:1#ormr: s u9otiu firJ:^rurorerr,rr:fil#fiusio6':sioiurloufi4o otjxfi

;;;ril;;,;;;;.. ,s; vT.rdnuurfiorpradroo.',ud'lun',r1#orur: 2,3 $av+ u#.,riu ttasnilulA gt jq ql J .- d la jqga r-ir'- | u dmouuraq?unxrilo tunr:1#orur: 3, 4 rray o nfrtiu frrl?rLriuorur:fr"[rinusiosr":sioiurLnrtru

" , o r h td v

r r qr n si r r ri'u o d r {'[ il fi fi u d t ri'iy m t t a o^ ot^ ( p > 0. 0 5 )

ud'{rqao{ + &ilet'ty" rl?ruruorrr:fi1#fiusio6":qioiufirirtvirri'u o.zt+0.04. 0.19+0.00.

0.17+0.00, 0.17+0.00 rlas 0.18+0.01 nfru srrruiird'u (qrr:xfi t) riliovterdoumrlafisi^rrdr mu'jrnuurd

ourradrun:rrufi1unr:1#orur: z.9rl5, firlirurororur:fil#fiusie6'rsioiutrnn'jroeixfiriudrd'q

rNdfia (p<0.05) rlunlurfiorlurafirunrrild + ,,u, s orlliu ttsittsrnsirlri'uodr.rkifirludrri'q1vrr'l

afior^ 1p>0.05) nuurfiorlurad'runrrild : ,,u, o ogoliu ,iudnrulfiuquradrtlnrrrufilunr:l#u.r*',,,

3, 4, srray 6 nfrl5u firl?rLrarorur:fi1#fiusio6"lsio{ufinrru,,rnrir,,i'uotjrlhifiritldrriqlvrr.rafio

b>0.0s)z.z 6'fl:rnr:1#orur:

6fl:rnr:'l#orilr: tul ofr6urilrirurin6"rlof.r) nuunru-,durllrndrunrrru6lunr:1#3 - dt at r 4-

1#orilt:ud'.:vrerao{lii'ilert#firiro-tl.t'l: 2,3, 4,5 ttau 6 nt{/iu tilu:gugt:a1 4 dil91114 ilOA:1fl1:r ld d o

rvirri':t s.00t0.58, 5.15+0.25, 3.90+0.19, 3.35+0.33 LLav 2.64+0.:: uJoftfiuri srrrLdrdl (nr:rtfi t)i aa c., , j iq qY - !.- du qe)

rfromnaouvn{dddrldx iluitnuulyroUUran?1iln lunt: lfi01r1: 2 n:{/?u lJ0n:1n1: tllo'l?11:j'

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axrilrrflnsil,rfiuodr{lxifiriotirri'eyvrr.rafio^ 1p>0.05) rtrunuurfiorlura6'ruurlud'lunr:'[#orr.rr: o

u#utiu fi6'qr:rnr:1#orrr:rloufiqorrnnoit.rotir.:firiudrri'cg1l1{dfiei'$<0.05)

ild'wqao{ z &ilq:rii 6'sr:rnr:1#orrr:firirrvirri'r 4.44+0.18, 3.05+0.11, 1.97+0.06,

t d d d o ' -oo 9t t

1.56+0.06 lrau 1.25+0.04 lilo:rryun fl]il6itetu (srr:xfi t) rfromeraotvtr{afiet^rrdr urL'jrnuurfiouula

u.',ud1rn',r1#orr.rr: z ufotiu fi6'n:rnr:l#u",r',ru',ndqorusrnsitodtrfirierdrri'iyvrr{dilêt^ (p<0.05)

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?id'{roao{ : ti'rlflr# d'sr:rnr:1#orur:firirrvirrir 3.21+0.24, 2.06+0.0s, 1.66+0.2s,

t d d d o ' oo / ' '

1.29+0.08 rray 1.12+0.05 [il0:rsiua fltilareiu (flr:r{fi 1) tnoovrodolvrr.:an^fittdt vlu'irnuurfioUUtai. qs) J - dv qY j I

n?tilolunt:1r.Torur: z nflriu ru0fl:rnr: tilor14'1:rJlnvrqnouxfiriudrri'qmrlao'o^ 6<0.05) ,u.,uo

'lrjnônuurfiourrad':unrrrLfilunr:1#orur: 3 rtav + o#oriu mrruiird'u cirunuurdorlurad:a

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atrôr^ 1p>o.os;

ส้านัก



10

ud'{rqao{ + d'rlqr# dsr:rnr:1#orur:finirrvirriu 2.28+0.03, t.5z+o.oz, 1.14t0.01,

0.88+0.03 rrau 0.76+0.0r ulofr6ud nrruii16'r (nr:r.rd t) ,fiu*raurmr.rafisr'rtda vlu'jrnuurdoqilloi" 6il J - dv qs) i

n?1il6i tun1: tHor1.i1: 2 nf{/iu ildrl:rnr:-[rolilrTilrnmqqrtflnnr{odr.rfiriodrriqvrf i?ffiet^ ,r.O.O!h fd A y j6l q, - !, .- o u

:o{a{ tilnonilulvrou1jlafl?un?llJo lunl: l#otvtl: 3,4,5 $aY o nfl/iu qrrrua{rdu

3. fln:t:ooA e.) iq qY J - dr -r 4

fllJU1llOUIJtaq',tufl'JtrJ0 tUnl:1#01il 11 2,3,4, 5 rrAv O n:-lriU tilU:suvtrar + d:lflrfdurloet:t:oerfia{mooo.r, Alr'.lri,rirri'l st.oo+2.00,72.67+1.15,86.67+8.33,97.33+3.06lrax98.67+2.31

r rd d o v i i .aa il . ' i ' fru6'[Un1i1#rrloirfrur,l atUiitftU (ort:tlvt l) tilovl9ldoU1ll.:d0fltta2 ?'llJ?lnUu11101-{Ulaq?Un?1

or1.r1: z n9.riiu fid'fl:r:oeeirfido rloan'jrodr'rfiriotirri'q1vrxafin^ (p<0.05) rirLnuurfior.lulad'lu

n?ril6 3, 4, 5 rrav 6 ng{/{u,,ur,fiuurndu noo nuu'rfiouurad'lunrrildlunr:"1#orurt 3 trae 49'!u a I 4 il Aq :1#orrr:5rrauonirliufid'sr:r:oofin?rilltflnsir{fi'unr{/?u d?unlju11]ouulao?un?]il0 tun'l

o tir.rhifi riu dr6'q1 m r r an^fi tr>O. 05 )@t 4u

ua{ilqao{ z&ilafi6'sr:r:oqfirirrvirri':r 47.33+3.06,58.67!4.16,62.6i+3.06,86.67+2.31

ruay 88.00+5.29 ulofrduoi snileird'u (srr:r.rd t) rdovreaouvrrlan^sr^ttd? v{u'itnuu',durlurodrtlio qe) J - du i i , I 1.- 4v--.e,-9^.--^ -332

" ' '

n?1il0 tunri tilor4r: z nfrriu fro'er:r:oerrirfiqo rioan'jrotjrrfiriodtri'rgmxafin^ (p<0.05) fr"rfi

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riudrri'rgmr.rd6rêr^ (p>0.05) rravfioqura6'runrrrudlunr:1#ornr: s rtav o ofoliu ildsr:r:onfinrril

r r fl n ei 1 { ri'u o d r.r hj fi rT0 ?i r ri'q m r'r a n^ fi (p> 0 . 0 5 )

ud'rmoaor a ai'rlor# dfl:r:oflfirirrvirri'u 30.00+2.00, 39.33+3.06, 35.33+1.15, 54.0014.00

tlay 63.33!4.16 riloirdud'nril6ii6'il (rlr:rqd t) urioueaoumr{aflêrttd'r vlu'irnuurdorlurnd'lui" qe I - du i

nxrilrrtunr: tlrorrr: 5 [rau 6 nf{/iu r]on:r:onrulnrqq rutnn'jtodrrfirludrri'qvn'ido^sr^ (p<o os)I ! ) , iq qv 3 .- 4u d I n rdvr'lfrnuurfroUU1n6?un'lrrLil"[unr:]r{or?n: 2 LLay 3 n5{/au trofl:r:0fliln'ltilttanfll{nu0u'l.1 [lJtJ

rTutirri'igvrrafi6 1p>0.05) rravfiorluradrunrrildlunr:1#orrr: 3 ttav + uYodu fi6'fl:t:oqfiorrxJ

r rn n ei r { rTu o d r .r hi fi riu d r 6ry m r.r a fi o^ b>0. 0 5 )

ud'{meao{+d:Jorr#d'n:r:onfirirrvirri'u 25.33+1.t5,26.67+2.31,30.61+1.15,47.33+6.43

LLay 54.6i+7.02 ulefr6up{ qrrrLd16'r (srr:rrfi z) rruiouodouur{afifirr#r uu'jrnuurfiouuradlg

n'nildlunr:1#orrr: 5 rrav 6 ugoliu fio'sr:r:oo'hirrnnsirrri'uodr.:firiodrflcyvn.rdoêr^ 1pro.osl ,,rifiI

d'm:r:oournn'irnrurdouurad?un'lru61unr:1#or?n: 2,3 LLae + nf':tiu oeir.:firiudrri'qmr'idfiet'e ' i e/ i" q9 3.- dv d

(p<0.05) vi.rfinuurfioU:l'lafr?on'lrru6lunr:l#or?n: 2, 3 tLa-- + nfqliu ilo'rr:rnr::oqfrn:ril

r rn n ei 1 { ri'u o ei r .: hi fi riu d r ri'iy vr r'r a fi 6 (p>0. 0 5 )

ส้านัก



ll

94o4. nildiluglu1

Y g) f,q q, 3 - 4qnraurin^rir:ufi'i1{nt:oUUtanu6?un?rilir.."[un1:]fiormr: 2,3,4,5 ttav 6 nt{/iu tiluu t J t o 3 o , 'cl t -- ^ - d 4 d I d

:uuyr?ar + drJqril vlu'jrqnru4ilûo{ilrfid1oqjludrr 26.0-28.4 o{fllrryorfrud nxliltilun:otilueil{il

rirotjlurir.r 7.59-8.01 rJ?ruro{oonGroufiavarorfrfirirodlurir{ 4.0-5.s ruâa^n:-ru/fisr:g'

9)--lgodrrqlaauacSlaadn?riln:udr{ro{ilrilnloqjluri'l.r 80-100 nailnfrulan: nxliltfluFit{uo{il1 100-120 ilaan:il/afl: ttav

r r o ru I rL tfi u :'l ru fi ri r o qi 1 u ri x 0 .29 - o . 42 ru^ a a^ n f I /a^ n :

radd:ilttav?o'ltEuflaq

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4, 5 rrau e nf.rtiu rflu:yuyrrar + f,ilqr# vrrL'jr qnnlSudou (qn8oorl roirgrfiulntrJfiuurr:Ja.rgrJ:'r.r

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ส้านัก



t2

' ihru iq qY ! - qY d i.q^-'--^^^.îrrflneit{0tnnuurfr.r"[diun']tilfrlunt:"[f orur: 2,3 LLav 4 n:{/xu [[del.: tutl'lut[u? tulJ?1 n?]ilu

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io rn, o ' -siq-r--,^^-^.'^î^.S^^ 4 .r- ! a. {-i---.-ot41:11tfi rrurv,tu{lroruôlornilirutilot4r:fr'tr.isioTusioni{rfronqrilutiloitfrusitilHunel?10{nil

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I a I -- Iil5ulJ.t, lJu t-11u4 utnu gl: fl l?{91:. nE {[vlv'|"l. 255 YIu1.

Boujard. T.lgg9. Feeding behavior and regulation of food intake. 1n Nutrition and

Feeding of Fish and Crustacean. edited by Guillaume J., S. Kaushik, P. Bergot and

R. Metailler. Praxis Publishing Ltd, UK. pp.17-25.

BrettJ. R. and T. T. D. Groves. t979.Digestion. In FishPhysiologyvol. VII. Physiological

Energetics. Edited by Hoar W. S., D. J. Randall and J. R. Brett. Academic Press, Inc.

pp.280-344.

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