Oracle Inventory

世新大學 ERPERP 實驗室

Oracle Inventory

講師：莫明鳳


Outline

• Inventory Overview– Inventory introduction– Inventory components– Inventory Control

• Oracle Inventory Flow Process– Inventory Enterprise Structure– Item– Inventory Control– Miscellaneous Transaction – Accuracy control– Planning


Inventory Overview


Inventory Overview

• Inventory introduction• Inventory components• Inventory control


Inventory Overview



Inventory Introduction

• 主要任務– 適時掌握正確的存貨狀況

• 效益– 提高帳務處理的作業效率與正確性– 掌握正確即時的庫存資訊– 掌握存貨異動狀況及料件呆滯情形– 提高盤點作業的效率


Inventory Overview

• Inventory introduction• Inventory components

– Item– subinventory

• Inventory control


Inventory Overview


– Item– subinventory



Inventory Components - Item

• Type• Number schema • Engineering aspect • Inventory aspect • Purchasing aspect



• Type– Raw material – WIP (work in process) – Semi-finished goods – Finished goods (end item) – MRO (Maintenance , Repair and Operation Suppli

es)

• Number schema • Engineering aspect • Inventory aspect • Purchasing aspect



• Type• Number schema

– Part number or Item number– 原則：簡單性、單一性、易記性、組織性、充足性

• Engineering aspect • Inventory aspect • Purchasing aspect



• Type• Number schema • Engineering aspect

– Revision– EC– Drawing

• Inventory aspect • Purchasing aspect



• Type• Number schema • Engineering aspect • Inventory aspect

– Locator – Safety stock – On-hand quantity – Transaction summary

• Purchasing aspect



• Type• Number schema • Engineering aspect • Inventory aspect • Purchasing aspect

– Lead-time – Order Policy : Reorder point、 EOQ– Supplier


Inventory Overview


– Item– Subinventory



Inventory Components - Subinventory

• Types– 按料件分

• 原物料倉• 半成品倉• 成品倉

– 按稅制分• 保稅倉• 非保稅倉

– 其他• 報廢倉、客供品倉等


Inventory Overview


– ABC analysis– Reorder point– Economic Order Qty ,EOQ– Physical inventory


Inventory Overview




ABC Analysis

• A 類– 約有 10~30% 的存貨項目，價值約佔全部庫存價值的 70~80%

• C 類– 約有 40~50% 的存貨項目，價值約佔全部庫存價值的 5~15%

• B 類– 剩餘的存貨


ABC Analysis

• A 類處理原則– 嚴密管制– 根據歷史資料及預測訂購– 縮短前置時間、嚴密控制交期– 增加循環盤點次數、提高庫存精確度– 放置於容易入出庫位置

• C 類處理原則– 可採較不嚴密管制– 定量訂購方式– 定期盤點


Inventory Overview




Reorder Point

Quantity

Time

Reorder Point

Safety Stock

Reorder Quantity再訂購數量

Lead TimeLead Time前置時間前置時間


Inventory Overview




EOQ


Inventory Overview




Physical Inventory

制定盤點時程計畫制定盤點時程計畫

凍結庫存凍結庫存

列印盤點卡、盤點清冊列印盤點卡、盤點清冊

實際盤點實際盤點

輸入實際盤點數量輸入實際盤點數量

盤點差異列印盤點差異列印

盤差盈虧調整盤差盈虧調整

庫存凍結解除庫存凍結解除

盤點差異對策分析盤點差異對策分析


Oracle Inventory Flow Process

講師：莫明鳳


Oracle ERP Overview

總帳系統

GL

客戶訂單SO

主生產排程MPS

粗略產能規劃RCCP

物料需求計劃MRP

請購作業PR

採購作業PO

收料作業Receiving

生產指示DiscreteRepetitiveFlowProjectProcess

生產發料Issue

生產控制製程移轉

SFC

生產入庫Transfer

出貨作業PickingShipping

細部產能規劃CRP

應付帳款立帳

Invoice付款作業Payment

票據管理成本管理Costing

主需求排程MDS

固定資產管理Assets

供應鍊管理最佳化排程

APS

銷售預測FCST

統一發票管理

收款作業Receipts

應收帳款立帳

Invoice

庫存Inventory


庫存Inventory

Oracle ERP Overview

總帳系統

GL

客戶訂單SO

主生產排程MPS

粗略產能規劃RCCP

物料需求計劃MRP

請購作業PR

採購作業PO

收料作業Receiving

生產指示DiscreteRepetitiveFlowProjectProcess

生產發料Issue

生產控制製程移轉

SFC

生產入庫Transfer

出貨作業PickingShipping

細部產能規劃CRP

應付帳款立帳

Invoice付款作業Payment

票據管理成本管理Costing

主需求排程MDS

固定資產管理Assets

供應鍊管理最佳化排程

APS

銷售預測FCST

統一發票管理

收款作業Receipts

應收帳款立帳

Invoice


Inventory Flow Process

Enterprise StructureEnterprise Structure

ItemsItems

Inventory ControlsInventory Controls

TransactionTransaction

ABC AnalysisABC Analysis

Cycle Cycle CountingCounting

Physical Physical InventoryInventory

Inventory Inventory PlanningPlanning



• Inventory Enterprise Structure• Item• Inventory Control• Miscellaneous Transaction • Accuracy control• Planning





Inventory Enterprise Structure

Organization AOrganization A Organization BOrganization B

Set of Books 2Set of Books 2

Location BLocation B

Location ALocation A

Set of Books 1Set of Books 1

SubinventorySubinventory SubinventorySubinventory SubinventorySubinventory SubinventorySubinventory

LocatorLocator LocatorLocator LocatorLocator LocatorLocator LocatorLocator



Inventory Organization Hierarchy

• Each oracle inventory organization must have an item master organization.

Item Master Item Master OrganizationOrganization

V1-Vision OperationV1-Vision Operation

OrganizationOrganizationM1-Seattle MFGM1-Seattle MFG

OrganizationOrganizationE1-Vision GermanyE1-Vision Germany


Oracle Inventory Flow




• Inventory Enterprise Structure• Item

– Unit of Measure , UOM– Item status– Define Item

• Inventory Control• Miscellaneous Transaction • Accuracy control• Planning







Unit of Measure

Define UOM classesDefine UOM classesDefine multiple nonbaseDefine multiple nonbase

UOMs for each classUOMs for each class

Define IntraclassDefine IntraclassConversionsConversions

Define interclassDefine interclassConversionsConversions

Define one base UOMDefine one base UOMFor each UOM classFor each UOM class

Define UOM ConversionDefine UOM Conversion

Define standardDefine standardConversionsConversions








Item Status

• By giving an item status you can control key functionality of an item.

BOM Allowed = YesBOM Allowed = Yes

Build in WIP = YesBuild in WIP = Yes

Customer OrdersCustomer OrdersEnabled = YesEnabled = Yes

Internal OrdersInternal OrdersEnabled = YesEnabled = Yes

Invoice Enabled =Invoice Enabled = YesYes

Transactable = YesTransactable = Yes

Purchasable = YesPurchasable = Yes

Stockable = YesStockable = Yes

ActiveActive

Item Item StatusStatus

Status Status AttributesAttributes


Item Status Control

• Control Level of status attributes– Master-level control

• Identical value– Organization-level control

• Different value

• Status Setting Level– Sets Value : nonupdatable– Defaults Value : updatable– Not Used : no value

Master Master OrganizationOrganization

OrganizationOrganization OrganizationOrganization







Define Item

DefineDefineUOMsUOMs

DefineDefineStatusStatus

ControlControlLevelsLevels

DefineDefineStatusesStatuses

DefineDefineCategoriesCategories

DefineDefineCategoryCategory

SetsSets

DefineDefineDefaultDefault

CategoryCategorySetsSets

CreateCreateTemplatesTemplates

DefineDefineCatalogsCatalogs

Choose Item Attribute Control LevelsChoose Item Attribute Control Levels

11


Define Item

Copy templatesCopy templates

Copy ItemsCopy Items

Enter attribute valuesEnter attribute values

Enable in child organizationsEnable in child organizations

Update organization level attributesUpdate organization level attributes

Define Item costsDefine Item costs

11


Practice (1)~(2)

• Define your own items– Two for Finished Goods– Two for Raw Materials

• Responsibility– Inventory , Vision Operations (USA)






• Inventory Enterprise Structure• Item• Inventory Control

– Locator control– Revision control– Lot control– Serial number control

• Miscellaneous Transaction • Accuracy control• Planning







Locator Control

• Track items by rack and bin locators.• Assign default shipping locators for items.• Assign default receiving locators for items.• Restrict items to particular locators.• Use locators in a material transaction


Locator Control

SubinventorySubinventory SubinventorySubinventory

LocatorLocator

OrganizationOrganization

Item with locator control iItem with locator control in this subinventoryn this subinventory

Item without locator controItem without locator control in this subinventoryl in this subinventory







Revision Control

• Track items by revision information.• Enter a miscellaneous receipt with revision

control.• Enter a engineering change order with

revision number.

Revision ARevision A Revision BRevision B







Lot Control

• Track specific batches of items.• Regulate the use of perishable items.• Enable lot and shelf life control of items.

Lot Lot #032698#032698







Serial Number Control

• Track individual units of items that you store and transact in your organization.

• Track items that you want to maintain very tight control.

SN SN #0101549#0101549







• Inventory Enterprise Structure• Item• Inventory Control• Miscellaneous Transaction

– Overview– Customize Transactions– Miscellaneous Transactions

• Accuracy control• Planning







Overview

Material FlowMaterial Flow

Receive GoodsReceive Goods

Move GoodsMove Goods

Ship GoodsShip Goods

Business FlowBusiness Flow

WIPWIP

MRPMRP

InventoryInventory

PurchasingPurchasing

Order Order ManagementManagement







Customize Transactions

• A transaction source type and transaction action make up a transaction type.

Transaction Source Transaction Source TypeType

Transaction ActionTransaction Action

Transaction TypeTransaction Type


Transaction Source Type


Transaction Action

• Issue from stores (-)• Receipt into stores (+)• Subinventory transfer (-+)• Direct organization transfer (-+)• Intransit shipment (-)


Transaction Type







Miscellaneous Transactions Term

OrganizatioOrganizationn

Miscellaneous Receipt Miscellaneous Issue

OrganizatiOrganizationon

Subinventory TrSubinventory Transferansfer

SubinventorSubinventoryy

SubinventorSubinventoryyLocatorLocator

LocatorLocator

LocatorLocator

LocatorLocator

Direct Inter-organization Transfer

Inter-organization Transfer by Way of Intransit


Practice (3)~(6)

• Revision Control– INV##-02 needs revision control in M1

• Miscellaneous transaction – Account Receipt of INV##-01 & INV##-02 – Subinventory Transfer of INV##-02

– Query on-hand Qty – INV##-01 & INV##-02







• Inventory Enterprise Structure• Item• Inventory Control• Miscellaneous Transaction • Accuracy control

– Physical inventory – ABC analysis– Cycle counting

• Planning





• Planning


Physical Inventory Flow

制定盤點時程計畫制定盤點時程計畫


列印盤點清冊、盤點卡列印盤點清冊、盤點卡








Physical Inventory Flow


初盤初盤itemitem 負責人員負責人員

複盤複盤交叉盤點交叉盤點

抽盤抽盤會計師會計師


Oracle Physical Inventory

Define physical inventoryDefine physical inventory

Snapshot of on-hand quantitiesSnapshot of on-hand quantities

Generate tagsGenerate tags

Count ItemsCount Items

Enter countsEnter counts

Approve countsApprove counts

Run adjustment programRun adjustment program


Define physical inventoryDefine physical inventory

Snapshot of on-hand quantitiesSnapshot of on-hand quantities

Generate tagsGenerate tags

Count ItemsCount Items

Enter countsEnter counts

Approve countsApprove counts

Run adjustment programRun adjustment program

Physical Inv. v.s Oracle Physical Inv.制定盤點時程計畫制定盤點時程計畫


列印盤點清冊、盤點卡列印盤點清冊、盤點卡








Define Physical Inventory & Snapshot


Generate Tags


Enter Counts


Approve Counts


Run Adjustment Program





• Planning


ABC Analysis

Define ABC compilationDefine ABC compilation Define ABC classesDefine ABC classes

Define ABC groupDefine ABC group

Assign Items to ABC classesAssign Items to ABC classes

Update class assignmentsUpdate class assignments





• Planning


Cycle Count

High-Value Item to CountHigh-Value Item to Count

Low-Value Item to CountLow-Value Item to Count





Day 1 of Cycle CountDay 1 of Cycle Count



ComputerComputer

PrinterPrinter

ComputerComputer

MouseMouse

ComputerComputer

PrinterPrinter


Cycle Count Steps

Define cycle count header.Define cycle count header.

Update cycle-count items.Update cycle-count items.

Schedule items to count.Schedule items to count.

Generate count requests.Generate count requests.

Enter cycle counts.Enter cycle counts.

Approve cycle counts.Approve cycle counts.




– Reorder point、 EOQ– Min-max planning




– Reorder point 、 EOQ– Min-max planning


Reorder Point – Order time

Quantity

Time

Reorder Point

Safety Stock

Lead TimeLead Time

Reorder Quantity


EOQ – Order Qty


Reorder Point Steps

Enter item-planning attributes.Enter item-planning attributes.

Forecast item demand.Forecast item demand.

Define safety stocks.Define safety stocks.

Run reorder-point report.Run reorder-point report.




– Reorder point 、 EOQ– Min-max planning


Min-max Planning

Enter item-planning attributes.Enter item-planning attributes.

Define subinventory-level info. (optional)Define subinventory-level info. (optional)

Run min-max report.Run min-max report.


Practice (7)

• Min-max planning– Use min-max planning for your raw material

items INV##-03 , INV##-04


Documents

Oracle Inventory