145

Pestalozzi No 2 Grec

Embed Size (px)

DESCRIPTION

Pestalozzi No 2 grec

Citation preview

  • 1

    :

    .

    Josef Huber, Pestalozzi

    ,

    ,

    . , ,

    ,

    , .

    . ,

    ,

    .

    2005,

    Wroclaw 50 ,

    , ,

    .

  • 2

    ,

    ,

    , , - , , ...

    .

    . ,

    .

    1970 .

    2008

    ,

    , .

    , ,

    ' .

    ,

    , , : ,

    , ,

    ,

    .

    . ,

  • 3

    , ' , ,

    .

    Francesca Brotto, Gerhard Neuner, Roberto Ruffino Rdiger Teutsch . ,

    , , , , ,

    .

    .

    Katarzyna Karwacka-Vgele, ,

    .

    .

    1 .

    Gerhard Neuner .

    ,

  • 4

    .

    :

    , .

    , ,

    .

    Katarzyna Karwacka-Vgele,

    Pestalozzi, ,

    . ,

    .

    ,

    , .

    Roberto Ruffino .

    1970 .

    .

    ,

    .

  • 5

    Rdiger Teutsch , , .

    Francesca Brotto

    , .

    ,

    , , ,

    .

    .

    Josef Huber, , 2012

  • 6

    1

    Gerhard Neuner

    1.1

    , ,

    ,

    UNESCO ,

    , , , .

    ,

    - , ,

    ,

    .

    , .

    ,

    ,

    .

    UNESCO , ,

    1 Francesca Brotto, Josef Huber, Roberto Ruffino Rdiger Teutsch .

  • 7

    ,

    (UNESCO 2007:12).

    ,

    .

    , .

    ,

    . ,

    ,

    ,

    ,

    .

    .

    , :

    ( )

    (.. , - .

    (.. )

    ,

    ,

  • 8

    :

    ()

    (. 1.3 2).

    () ,

    ( ),

    .

    , , ,

    . , ,

    ,

    .

    ,

    . ,

    , (. 3.1) .

    , ,

    .

    ,

    - .

    2.

    .

    "

  • 9

    " (UNESCO 1992:4), ,

    . "" " " . ,

    (.. , ,

    )

    .

    (vacuum). , , .

    . ( 2005:15).

    2.1.

    ,

    .

    :

    , , .

    .

    , ,

    .

  • 10

    , , , , .

    .

    , ,

    , .

    ,

    , ,

    .

    .

    2.2.

    . , ,

    . , . ,

    , , John Dewey " " ,

    . ( 2003:18)

    .

  • 11

    , ,

    . (Huber 2008)

    ,

    " ",

    .

    , , ,

    , ,

    .

    ,

    ,

    .

    ,

    .

    2.3.

    ,

    ( 2003:53)

    : ,

    , ,

    ,

    (UNESCO 2007:8).

  • 12

    , ,

    . ,

    . (Byram 2003:13)

    ,

    ,

    , . (Ball 1990, : 2003:19)

    ,

    ( 2003:19)

    , :

    . . , .

    ( 2003 : 20

    f.):

    . ,

    , . , .

    ,

    , ,

    ,

    , ..

    , .

    .

  • 13

    . ' ,

    (,

    ), .

    .

    '

    .

    , . ,

    .

    ,

    (.. ) .

    . ,

    -

    . ,

    , , ,

    , ,

    .

    , ,

    ,

    , ,

    ( ), ,

    .

  • 14

    3.

    , ,

    .

    3.1.

    1945,

    .

    .

    1948,

    .

    ;

    : , , , , , , .

    ,

    , , , .

    ,

    ,

    , . , ,

    , , , , . (Starkey 2003:67)

  • 15

    :

    . ,

    ,

    .

    ( 26)

    UNESCO , 2007,

    . .

    ,

    .

    3.2.

    1953

    , , .

    '

    , . (Starkey 2003:68)

    ,

    ,

    .

    (. 2003:35, 43 44).

  • 16

    - ,

    '70 ,

    '80

    '90 .

    2003 ,

    ,

    .

    ,

    .

    .

    .

    3

    , 2005,

    .

    , ,

    .

    , . , , ,

    ,

    .

    ,

  • 17

    :

    2.

    3.3.

    .

    , Erasmus .

    .

    . 2008

    ,

    ,

    .

    .

    2 (. 2009) ' . . , .

  • 18

    4.

    ,

    . , ,

    .

    ,

    .

    4.1.

    ;

    (, , , .),

    , ,

    (.. ).

    (Brembeck 1977, Lazar .., 2007:7 Chase .., 1996 Roche 2001:20) :

  • 19

  • 20

    (Hofstede 1994, Lazar .. 2007:7).

    Hofstede : , .

    ,

    .

    . ,

    . ,

    , ,

    , , .

    (Halverson 1985, Lazar .. 2007:7).

    ,

    ( ,

    ), (

    ),

    ,

  • 21

    .

    .

    ,

    -..., ' (UNESCO 1992:10 . Hofstede 1994:5,

    ).

    Kramsch (1993:10) , , , .

    UNESCO, , , :

    [] , ,

    ... [ ]

    , , ,

    , . (UNESCO 2001, 2007:12: UNESCO)

    ( )

    ,

    . ,

    : / .

  • 22

    /

    ,

    .

    ' . , , , ,

    ,

    , .

    , - ,

    , .

    .

    .

    ( ),

    , ,

    , , , , .

    4.2. ,

  • 23

    , , ,

    . ,

    , .

    , .

    , , ,

    ,

    .

    (

    -) , .

    , . ,

    ,

    .

    ,

    .

    . 19 , - .

    ,

    -.

    , ,

  • 24

    .

    , ,

    .

    :

    [] . , . ,

    ,

    . ( 2003:28)

    ,

    ( 2007:14).

    ,

    , , ,

    , ,

    , , .

    , .

    ( )

    , .

    !

    . :

    , ,

    . ( 2007:13)

  • 25

    ,

    ( 2007:13). 4.3. , ,

    , ,

    , -, -, . ,

    (

    , ). ,

    (. ). ,

    ,

    (, , .) .

    . , ,

    ,

  • 26

    .

    .

    , ,

    . ,

    , .

    ( 2003:28).

    , ,

    . Fennes Hapgood (1997, 2003:34),

    :

    . ,

    . "" . . , ,

    , ,

    ... (..

    , , ),

    ,

  • 27

    . ' ,

    .

    . ,

    ( 2003:34).

    : , : . , ,

    .

    , ,

    . (UNESCO 2007:18)

    ,

    ,

    . .

  • 28

    ,

    . 4.4. . ; : : (1) ,

    (2) , ... (3)

    ,

    ... (4) . (UNESCO 2007:16)

    , . (UNESCO 1995: 57) , , ,

    ,

    . ,

    .

    ,

    , ,

    ,

    . (Arnesen 2008:13) 21 . ,

    .

    , ,

    . ,

    , .

    ,

    .

  • 29

    ,

    .

    (UNESCO, 2007:1516)

    . . Bennett .. (2004)3 (//) (//). (.. ) (, ). . , . , (, , ) ( ). . , , .

    3 Bennett , (.. , , ). , , , .

  • 30

    . , , ( ) ( , ). . 4.5. , ( , , ) . . , . ( , , .) (.. , , , , , .) . (: , : ). ' .

  • 31

    . :

    , , , ( ).

    : ,

    / / / / / / , , , .

    : , , ,

    , , , , . - .

    , (. Byram Esarte-Sarries 1991, Hufeisen Lindemann 1998, Barrett 2007). , ' ' . ' , , , , (, , .) .

  • 32

    , . . , , , , . , , . , . ( , ) ( ). :

    ( , )

    ( , )

    ( , )

    ( : , ) (. Aitchison 1994 Kleiber 1993 Taylor 2003).

    , , , . , , , ,

  • 33

    . (Neuner 2003:42). . . . ( ) . , . 4.6. (. Wolff 1994 Bostock 1998), , . . , , , () () . , (, , , , .) . :

    -

  • 34

    - ( )

    - , (.. ) (. Byram Esarte- Sarries 1991 Farr Moscovici 1984).

    ' , , , , , ( ) . , (-) (-) , . . . , . , . , . 4.7. . , . ...

  • 35

    . , , . (UNESCO 2007:13) , , . . , , , . . (UNESCO, 2007:15) , .

  • 36

    5.

    5.1.

    UNESCO (2007:32 ..) ,

    :

    :

    .

    :

    .

    :

    ,

    ,

    , , ,

    .

    5.2.

    (Delors 1996) .

    .

    , ,

    . : - -

  • 37

    - - - - ( 2003:18).

    ()

    / (.. ,

    ) /

    ,

  • 38

    :

  • 39

    ( )

    ( , )

    ( )

    ( , )

    ( , )

    ( , )

    ( , )

    / ( )

    ( , , .).

    , :

    - ,

    ,

    .

    - ( ) (

    , / )

    .

    -

  • 40

    ,

    , , ,

    .

    .

    . ,

    ,

    .

    , .

    ,

    . ,

    John Dewey , (

    2003:18).

    5.3. :

    Delors UNESCO (1996) , :

    -

    -

    -

    -

    (. 18) '

    .

  • 41

    ...

    ' ,

    ... .

    , ,

    (UNESCO, 2007:20).

    5.4. ,

    , :

    - ( ):

    - (/): ,

    - (): .

    :

    ( , , ).

    .

    ,

    ( , ,

    , , ),

    ( ). ,

  • 42

    (-, ,

    , . . .).

    :

    () ()

    () (),

    . .

    :

    .

    ,

    .

    5.5.

    ( 2003 : 36 f):

    :

    - , ,

    - , .

  • 43

    - , , .

    . , , , , , ,

    . ,

    ,

    ,

    . Galtung (2002:5 2003:38),

    ,

    ,

    . ,

    .

    .

    ( )

    .

    , (Bandura, Lewin, Mucchielli) , . ,

    (, , , , ,

    , )

    , :

    , ,

    .

  • 44

    .

    ( 2003:42, 62)

    ( 2003, 63): - , , ( ) - , - . 5.6. , . (. Krappmann 1969) . . . .

  • 45

    . . : . , , . . . . , , . , (, , ) (, , ) , . , , . (oblativa dimensione) .

  • 46

    . , . . /. ( ). : , , . . , , , ( ) . , . , . : ( ) (/).

  • 47

    . 5.7. , : 1: , 2: 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: 6. 6.1. : , , . , . , . , . , . (, , , ), . ' , ,

  • 48

    (Jensen Schnack 1994). , . , . , . , , , , , , , . . , . , , , , (Lynch Baker 2005). , (Fullan 2001:175) . . , - . 21 ( 2003:5556).

  • 49

    : - ( , - ) - . - , , - ( , , , ) - - , , , , -, - , , - , , - - , - " "

  • 50

    - , - - , " " - , , , , , - , , , - - - - ( , , , ..., ) ( , , , , , ). 6.2. , , , ( 2003:20).

  • 51

    , , , . , . ( , , , ) ( ) . , , , , / . , ( , , ). : - . - - - - ( , - - - - ( , , )

  • 52

    , - , . 6.3. . ( ) . ' . , ... , . ( 2003:54f.) : - , , - - , , - , , , - , ,

  • 53

    - , - , , - , , , , , , , , - - ( , , , ) - - (, , , ) - - . 6.4. : . , - . , .

  • 54

    . , , . Pestalozzi ( Pestalozzi, Ferenc Arato, Pascale Mompoint-Gaillard Josef Huber): - (). - () - , () - (). ( 2003:56f) : - , , , , - ( ) ( , )

  • 55

    - , ( ) - , , , , , - , , , , - ( , , , ) - - - , - , , , , , , , , , , - , , ,

  • 56

    - - ( , ) - , . 7. : ; . . , . . ' , . , "" " ". . , " " .

  • 57

    - , , - . , , , , . ' . , . Aitchison J. (1994), Words in the mind: an introduction to the mental lexicon, 2nd ed., Blackwell, Oxford. Arnesen A.L. et al. (2008), Policies and practices for teaching socio-cultural diversity: Surveys report on initial education of teachers in socio-cultural diversity, first volume of the project series, Council of Europe Publishing, Strasbourg. Ball S.L. (1990), Politics and policy making in education, Routledge, London. Barrett M. (2007), Childrens knowledge, beliefs and feelings about nations and national groups, Psychology Press, Hove. Bennett M., Bennett J. and Landis D. (2004) (eds), Handbook of Intercultural Training, 3rd ed., Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA. Bostock S.J. (1998), Constructivism in mass education: a case study, in British Journal of Educational Technology 29 (3), pp. 225-240. Bottery M. (2004), The Challenges of educational leadership: values in a globalized age, Sage, London.

  • 58

    Byram M. and Esarte-Sarries V. (1991), Investigating cultural studies in foreign language teaching: a book for teachers, Multilingual Matters, Clevedon. Byram M. et al. (2003), Intercultural competence, Council of Europe Publishing, Strasbourg. Council of Europe (2003), Intercultural education: managing diversity, strengthening democracy, Standing Conference of European Ministers of Education, Athens, 10-12 November 2003. Council of Europe (2005), Action Plan, adopted at the Third Summit of the Heads of State and Government of the Council of Europe, Warsaw, 16-17 May 2005. Council of Europe (2007), Policies and practices for teaching socio-cultural diversity, Council of Europe Publishing, Strasbourg. Council of Europe (2008), White Paper on intercultural dialogue: living together as equals in dignity, launched by the Council of Europe Ministers of Foreign Affairs at their 118th Ministerial Session, Strasbourg, 7 May 2008. Council of Europe Language Policy Division (2009), Autobiography of Intercultural Encounters, Strasbourg. Delors (ed.) (1996), Learning: the treasure within, report to UNESCO of the Task Force on Education for the Twenty-first Century, UNESCO Publishing, Paris. Dimmock E. and Walker A. (2005), Educational leadership: culture and diversity, Sage, London. Farr R.M. and Moscovici S. (ed.) (1984), Social representations, European Studies in Social Psychology (No.5), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Fennes H. and Hapgood K. (1997), Intercultural learning in the classroom. Crossing Borders, London. Fullan M. (2001), The new meaning of educational change, Teachers College Press Columbia University, New York and London. Galtung J. (2002), Rethinking conflict: the cultural approach, Intercultural Dialogue and Conflict Prevention, Council of Europe, Strasbourg.

  • 59

    Huber J. (2008), The meaning and use of the declaration in: Huber J. and Harkavy I. (eds), Higher education and democratic culture: citizenship, human rights and civic responsibility, Council of Europe Publishing, Strasbourg. Hufeisen B. and Lindemann B. (eds) (1998), Tertirsprachen: Theorien, Modelle, Methoden, Stauffenburg, Tbingen. Jensen B.B. and Schnack K. (1994), Action competence as an educational challenge, in Jensen B.B. and Schnack K. (eds), Action and action competence, Royal Danish School of Education Studies, Copenhagen. Kleiber G. (1993), Prototypensemantik: eine Einfhrung, G. Narr, Tbingen. Kramsch C. (1993), Context and culture in language teaching, Oxford University Press, Oxford. Krappmann L. (1969), Soziologische Dimensionen der Identitt, Klett, Stuttgart. Lzr I. et al. (eds) (2007), Developing and assessing intercultural communicative competence: a guide for language teachers and teacher educators, Languages for Social Cohesion, Council of Europe Publishing, Strasbourg. Lynch K. and Baker J. (2005), Equality in education: An equality of condition perspective in Theory and Research in Education, Vol. 3(2), pp.131-164. Neuner G. (2003), Socio-cultural interim worlds in foreign language teaching and learning, in Byram M. (ed.), Intercultural competence, pp.15-62. Roche J. (2001), Interkulturelle Sprachdidaktik: eine Einfhrung, Narr Studienbcher, Narr, Tbingen. Spaji-Vrka V. (2004), Learning and living democracy, talk given at the launching conference of the Council of Europe European Year of Citizenship through Education, Sofia/Bulgaria, 13-14 December 2004.

  • 60

    Starkey H. (2003), Intercultural competence and education for democratic citizenship: implications for language teaching methodology in Byram M. (ed.), Intercultural competence, pp. 63-84. Taylor J.R. (2003), Linguistic categorization, Oxford University Press, Oxford. UNESCO (1992), International Conference on Education: Final Report, Paris. UNESCO (1995), Our creative diversity: report of the World Commission on Culture and Development, Paris. UNESCO (2005). Integrated framework of action on education for peace, human rights and democracy, Paris. UNESCO (2007), UNESCO Guidelines on Intercultural Education, Paris. Wolff D. (1994), Der Konstruktivismus: Ein neues Paradigma in der Fremdsprachendidaktik, in Die Neueren Sprachen, pp. 93, 407-429.

  • 61

    Katarzyna Karwacka-Vgele . . , ( ). . : . : , , . : - - , , - - . . : , ,

  • 62

    . , . , : - , ... - - - . ( ) : - - , . - - , , . - - - - ( ).

  • 63

    ; ; ; ; ; , ;

    ; ; ; ; ;

    ; ; ; ; ; ( ); , , , , ;

  • 64

    ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ( , -, , , ); ; ; ; ; ( , ); ; - ; ; ; , " "; - "" "" ; ;

  • 65

    ( ); ; ; ; ; ; ; , ; ; ; ; ; ; , ; ; ; ; ( );

    ;

    ;

    ;

    ; ; , ;

  • 66

    ; ; ; ( , ); ( ); ( ); / ( , ); ( ); ( ); ( , ); / ( ); ( , ); - - ; , ;

  • 67

    ( , ); ; ; ( .. visa, ); ;

    ; ; , : - -

    , , , , ;

    , , ; , ( );

    ;

    ;

    , ; ;

  • 68

    , ;

    ;

    ,

    ;

    ,

    ,

    ;

    , ; , , ; ; ; ; , , , , ...; ( ) ; , ; - ;

  • 69

    ; ; , ; ;

    ; ( , , , );

    ;

    ; , , ; ; - , ; ( ); ( ); ; ( );

  • 70

    ( ); , ; ( , , ); - ( , , ); ; ; ;

    ; ; ; ; ; , , ; (

  • 71

    ) ( ); - - ;

    ; , , , ( ); ; , , , ; ;

    ( ); - , ; , ; ; ;

  • 72

    - , ; ( , ); ; , ;

    : Council of Europe (2008), White Paper on intercultural dialogue: living together as equals in dignity. Launched by the Council of Europe Ministers of Foreign Affairs at their 118th Ministerial Session, Strasbourg, 7 May 2008. Council of Europe Language Policy Division (2009), Autobiography of Intercultural Encounters, Strasbourg. Neuner G. (2012), The dimensions of intercultural education, in Huber, J. (ed.), Intercultural competence for all: preparation for living in a heterogeneous world, Council of Europe Publishing, Strasbourg. First published by the Council of Europe Steering Committee for Education (2009) in Guidelines for international school partnerships and exchanges. Ruffino R. (2012), Intercultural education and pupil exchanges, in Huber, J. (ed.), Intercultural competence for all: preparation for living in a heterogeneous world, Council of Europe Publishing, Strasbourg. First published by the Council of Europe Steering Committee for Education (2009) in Guidelines for international school partnerships and exchanges. Teutsch R. (2012), Intercultural education and school partnerships, in Huber, J. (ed.), Intercultural competence for all: preparation for living in a heterogeneous world, Council of Europe Publishing, Strasbourg. First published by the Council of

  • 73

    Europe Steering Committee for Education (2009) in Guidelines for international school partnerships and exchanges.

    2: , &

    Roberto Ruffino

    ,

    ,

    .

    Wroclaw 50 -10 2004

    . ,

    .

    , ,

    :

    , .

    Zygmunt Bauman (2004), : Benedetto Vecchi, Polity Press, Cambridge

  • 74

    1.

    G8, 2006 , ,

    :

    8.

    .

    []

    , ,

    .

    9.

    ,

    .

    .

    , , ,

    ,

    ,

    .

    :

    ,

    ,

    .

    , ,

    ,

    1989. ,

    ,

    ,

  • 75

    , -

    .

    50 , :

    , , , ,

    , o

    Faro : ] ,

    :

    - , ]

    , , , ,

    .

    ,

    . ,

    , 2000,

    10

    2001,

    ().

    ( 2010),

    2002,

    .

    ,

    ,

    ( , ).

  • 76

    2007-2013 Erasmus Junior , E (Comenius sub-programme) ( Comenius): .

    , Anna Lindh Euro-Mediterranean . 35

    Euro-Mediterranean.

    ,

    , -. ,

    .

    ,

    ,

    , .

    : 50

    , . 26-27:

    , []

    (, , ).

    ,

    ,

    . ,

    ,

    Torga . .

    Jacques Delor UNESCO (1997) [ ]

    ,

  • 77

    ,

    . , ,

    , ,

    .

    , 2008

    : ( )

    (Commission) 2008 .

    2.

    ,

    1953

    .

    , 1972,

    . ,

    ,

    .

    ,

    .

    1970 1980

    , ,

    ,

    .

    - , ,

    - (1978-1981),

    Donaueschingen, . 10-14 1982 ()

  • 78

    ,

    / 1983.

    ,

    ,

    ,

    (EFIL):

    (1978),

    (1981), (1985). ,

    1990,

    ,

    , [

    .

    Eurovision (1994-1998). 6 (, , ,

    , ) , (

    & )

    .

    . ESSSE ( ) 5 (1997-2001)

    .

    , ,

    [] .

    1995 ( - : -

    ).

  • 79

    , ,

    /

    .

    ,

    ,

    ( )

    .

    ,

    ,

    Faro (2005), (

    , ,

    , ).

    (, 10-12 2003)

    ,

    ,

    .

    ,

    ,

    ,

    ,

    .

    Wroclaw 50

  • 80

    .

    :

    ,

    .

    UNESCO.

    .

    3.

    3.1

    (

    ) , ( )

    . ,

    .

    .

    ,

    .

    , , ,

    ] .

    , .

  • 81

    . , ,

    ,

    .

    , ,

    .

    ,

    : 1948

    1963

    - . 1983 G7 Williamsburg , , ,

    , , .

    , ,

    .

    , [] .

    -

    .

    ,

    . UNESCO

    .

    1951.

    (Associated School Project) UNESCO 1953

    , .

    . 70,

    . UNESCO 1987

  • 82

    .

    .

    , 1964 1977.

    (Erasmus 1985), , ,

    Leonardo, Socrates Grundtvig. [, ] .. , , 2007.

    .. ,

    ,

    ,

    .

    15 29 .

    15 18 ,

    .

    , 1980,

    - , , ,

    .

    .

    , ,

    , ,

    .

    ()

    : (AFS), (EFIL),

    ,

    , - .

    80, Williamsburg o 1983, ,

  • 83

    ,

    .

    ,

    .

    ,

    .

    ,

    .

    , ,

    .

    (

    1948 - 1963).

    , 70,

    .

    ,

    1980,

    .

    3.2.

    60 ,

    , , ,

    .

    , , ,

  • 84

    .

    :

    - - - -

    : /

    ESSSE

    ESSSE .

    (2006):

    (ESSSE) , 16-19 . 3

    (

    ),

    .

    .

    (EFIL],

    AFS ( American Field Service) . - EFIL, ,

    . , 23

    1998 2002, 333

    .

    ,

    ,

    .

    .

    , (

    )

    , . , ,

  • 85

    . ,

    AFS

    : , ,

    , . ,

    ,

    , , .

    , ,

    .

    ESSSE, 2000, ESSSE - 2001.

    ,

    ,

    , .

    ,

    ,

    ( )

    .

    ESSSE ( )

    . , , ,

    , 3

    .

    (EYL) (2001)

    18-20 2001 , , ,

    ESSSE.

  • 86

    ESSSE

    .

    ESSSE , .

    .

    Eurovision (1994-1998) (, , , , )

    ( ).

    .

    .

    , .

    ,

    8 ,

    .

    .

    ,

    , ,

    . -

    , .

    ,

    .

  • 87

    ,

    23

    .

    (EFIL)

    AFS . AFS ,

    50 56 .

    EFIL , ,

    ,

    . ,

    , ,

    ,

    . , EFIL

    .

    1974,

    , 17 ,

    .

    1.000 .

    (, ,

    ) ,

    .

    - EFIL, ( ) ,

    ,

    - () -

    .

    .

    495 2005-2006.

  • 88

    : -

    . - .

    ,

    .. , []

    (Schulunterrichtsgesetz, ) 1986 1 1988 5 1 ).

    2006 ()

    .

    ,

    . ()

    2011.

    , . 181

    17 1997,

    .

    .

    ,

    , , (

    ).

    ,

    ( )

  • 89

    .

    ,

    ,

    .

    :

    ..,

    2004, 30 , ,

    , UNESCO, .

    ,

    (.. ).

    2004 :

    : ,

    , , , .

    /

    .

    ,

    .

    , :

    -/ .

    : ,

    .

    [] .

  • 90

    - .

    ,

    ,

    .

    - .

    ,

    , .

    ,

    4.

    -. , , , ,

    ,

    (.. ).

    - .

    .

    ,

    .

    - . ( , .),

    .

    4 ..: T : , . M : .. . A :

  • 91

    - .

    , ,

    , , .

    - . ,

    .

    .

    - . ,

    ,

    .

    - .

    - .

    ,

    .

    2006, :

    - : , ,

    ,

    , ,

    . ,

    .

  • 92

    :

    ,

    (

    , )

    .

    .

    ,

    .

    -: ,

    ,

    .

    - : ,

    ,

    , , , ,

    , ,

    .

    - : ,

    .

    .

    :

    , (

    / ,

    , .

    - :

  • 93

    , ,

    , ,

    ,

    .

    -: ( , , .)

    ,

    .

    -:

    ,

    . , ,

    . ,

    ,

    ,

    ,

    . ,

    Europass.

    - :

    . ,

    ,

    . ,

    ( ),

    ,

    .

  • 94

    - :

    .

    ,

    .

    Europass Mobility ( )

    .

    .

    Europass Mobility :

    -

    -

    -

    -, .

    ,

    .

    , , , ,

    .

    Europass Mobility

    .

    /.

    (ELP)

    15 - 1998 2000. 2001,

    .

    ELP :

  • 95

    - , , ,

    []

    - , ,

    .

    - ,

    / .

    ,

    2 ELP - . , ELP

    . ELP :

    - ,

    -

    - , .

    - , (

    )

    .

    4.

  • 96

    4.1.

    ,

    ,

    ,

    :

    .

    , ,

    , , ,

    , .

    , / , . .

    ,

    .

    , ,

    , , , . , , . .

    , ,

    .

    .

    .

    ,

    .

  • 97

    , .

    (

    ),

    ,

    .

    , ,

    , :

    - .

    ,

    ,

    .

    , ,

    , .

    .

    .

    ,

    , ,

    , .

    4.2. ;

    :

    - - - -

  • 98

    , ,

    . ,

    , ,

    .

    ,

    ,

    .

    :

    - - - - - .

    ,

    ,

    .

    :

    -

    -

    -

    - .

    ,

    .

    , [ ]

  • 99

    , ,

    .

    , .

    :

    -

    - - - -

    .

    ,

    ,

    , [ ]

    .

    .

    .

    :

    - .

    - - .

    ,

    , ,

    .

    4.3. :

  • 100

    18 2006

    . 2001

    , , ,

    .

    ,

    , .

    .

    ,

    . 77-78.

    . ,

    .

    -: - ,

    ,

    .

    4.4.

    2,

    ,

    ( ),

    , ,

    .

    -.

    []

    :

  • 101

    ,

    .

    ,

    (

    ).

    ,

    , :

    - - - .

    .

    - :

    , , , , , . ,

    ,

    , ,

    . , , ,

    . ,

    .

    ,

    . ,

    .

    ,

    :

  • 102

    ,

    .

    ,

    ,

    ,

    .

    .

    , ,

    .

    ,

    , .

    , , ,

    .

    . , ,

    :

    ; , ;

    ;

    ;

    ;

    :

    , ,

    .

    .

    ,

    .

  • 103

    ,

    .

    , , ,

    .

    4.5. :

    .

    :

    -

    - ( ) ,

    :

    / . -

    :

    ,

    - :

    ,

    -

    -

    , ,

  • 104

    . - :

    .

    . -

    . -

    - .

    ,

    ,

    . - ,

    . -

    .

    .

    ,

    :

    .

    ,

  • 105

    .

    ,

    ,

    , ,

    .

    .

    .

    .

    :

    .

    ,

    ( )

    , ,

    .

    4.6.

    , , ,

    .

    . ,

    .

    ,

    .

    ,

    (

    ).

    ,

    .

  • 106

    .

    .

    , ,

    .

    , - , .

    :

    - , - - : ,

    , ; - : , , . - - [] : - - - - - (,

    , ) - / - : ; -

    ; - - - .

    4.7.

    ,

    .

    , : ,

  • 107

    .

    .

    (

    ), . O Mitch Hammer, AFS , , :

    -

    , ,

    - .

    . Annette Gisevius : ,

    , Myers Briggs, , .

    .

    . , ,

    .

    :

  • 108

    ,

    ,

    ,

    , ,

    ,

    .

    ,

    ,

    ,

    .

    4.8.

    .

    , .

    :

    , , , ,

    ,

    ,

    .

    :

    - - - - .

    ,

    . 20

    ,

  • 109

    ,

    . ,

    .

    :

    .

    .

    ,

    .

    .

    , ,

    ,

    .

    .

    ,

    , , ,

    .

    .

    ,

    ,

    .

    ,

    .

    ,

  • 110

    .

    ,

    .

    , UNESCO,

    .

    4.9.

    , -

    .

    , , ,

    .

    .

    :

    , ,

    .

    ,

    .

    ,

    ( ) ,

    . ,

    (

    ). ,

    -

    .

  • 111

    - .

    .. .

    ( 11 2001)

    .

    . - .

    ,

    ,

    .

    .

    :

    (

    ), ,

    ,

    , - .

    - .

    ,

    .

    .

    ,

    . -

    .

    .

    []

    ,

    .

  • 112

    - , ,

    .

    . - ( )

    . -

    . - .

    Rdiger Teutsch

    1.

    ,

    .

    ,

    . ,

    ,

    ,

    .

    , ,

    ,

    ,

  • 113

    . , .

    , ,

    .

    ,

    ,

    .

    .

    2.

    .

    ,

    .

    ,

    ,

    ,

    ,

    .

    .

    ,

    .

    :

    - , - - -

  • 114

    - .

    , .

    :

    -

    . - [ ]

    . - ,

    ,

    .

    3.

    ,

    .

    .

    , :

    -

    -

    - -

  • 115

    -

    - ,

    - ,

    ( ,

    ,

    .) - , ,

    , (,

    , ,

    .)

    ,

    , ,

    .

    .

    4.

    ,

    .

    ,

    .

    .

    .

    , .

  • 116

    .

    , ,

    .

    :

    -

    - - ,

    - -

    .

    peer-to-peer ()

    .

    ,

    .

    .

    .

    . ,

    .

  • 117

    .

    .

    [-] .

    - .

    ,

    ,

    / .

    , , ,

    .

    () ,

    - , , , , .

    .

    ,

    . , ,

    :

    -

    - (, , , , , )

    - -

  • 118

    - .

    ,

    .

    , ,

    .

    ,

    , .

    .

    .

    .

    , - , ;, , ,

    , .

    .

    ,

    .

    . ,

    ,

    , ,

    .

  • 119

    .

    ,

    .

    .

    /

    . ,

    ( )

    .

    :

    , ,

    .

    .

    /

    . ,

    , , ,

    ,

    .

    - .

    ,

    .

    , ,

    .

  • 120

    .

    [ ] ,

    . /

    .

    , ,

    .

    .

    ,

    .

    ,

    .

    .

    .

    - ,

    .

    .

    .

  • 121

    , , ,

    . , ,

    ,

    .

    , , .

    . ,

    , ,

    .

    ,

    . ,

    .

    []

    .

    -

    / - Tesanj/ - Osecanj-Doboj, Republica Srpska-Knazevac/

    2004

    .

    ,

    .

    - . ,

    . , :

  • 122

    ,

    . , ,

    .

    (ACES)

    , , , , , ,

    , , ,

    12

    ERSTE.

    .

    ,

    . 2008, 80

    .

    EuroMed School Forum ( ):

    , , , , ,

    2006, 20

    . ,

    Anna Lindh

    , -] , - .

    ,

    ,

    .

    Francesca Brotto

    1.

  • 123

    2005,

    ,

    .

    ,

    , 2005, ( )

    Wroclaw 50 .

    ,

    .

    ,

    . ,

    ,

    .

    .

    22 , 2007 ,

    .

    . 2008.

  • 124

    , ,

    , .

    , ,

    .

    2.

    2.1

    2008,

    ,

    .

    , ,

    ,

    ,

    (. 5584/08

    25 2008).

  • 125

    .

    ,

    ,

    .

    ,

    , ,

    .

    ,

    ,

    ,

    .

    ,

    .

    , , ,

    , , , ,

    (ETUCE, 2005; Compton & Weiner, 2008).

    ,

    . , ,

    ,

    ,

    .

    ,

    -

    .

    ,

    ,

  • 126

    . , ,

    .

    .

    BMW, ,

    (1997) Hans Hunfeld LIFE BMW . 1997

    .

    . ,

    Evens, , ,

    , , .

    ,

    : , .

    - , ,

    ,

    ,

    ,

    .

    .

    [ ]

    , ,

    , , ,

    ,

  • 127

    .

    ,

    .

    - , , - ,

    ,

    - .

    2.3 :

    .

    , -

    .

    (Crossley & Watson 2003; Bottery 2004; Dimmock & Walker 2005), . ,

    ,

    ,

    , .

    ,

    ,

    ,

    , .

    (Jensen & Schnack, 1994; Morgensen & Schnak, 2010) , , , ,

    , ,

    , , ,

    .

  • 128

    ,

    .

    .

    .

    ,

    / .

    2.3

    .

    -

    . ,

    ,

    -.

    - , ad hoc , . Wergeland, 2009 ,

    ,

    .

    , , ,

    ,

    .

    ,

    ,

    ,

  • 129

    / ,

    .

    -. , .

    ,

    .

    (

    , , ,

    / ).

    .

    ,

    ad hoc ,

    /

    , ,

    .

    , ,

    .

    ,

    . ,

    .

    - - .

    , , / .

    ,

    ,

    .

    ,

    (Putnam 2004) , .

  • 130

    .

    ,

    ,

    .

    []

    . Wergeland, ,

    .

    ,

    ,

    /

    .

    / :

    .

    ( ),

    / ,

    / , ,

    .

    ,

    .

    ,

    / .

    , ,

    - , .

    , ,

  • 131

    - ,

    - ,

    .

    2.4. -

    .

    , :

    -

    - - , ,

    ,

    . :

    -

    -

    -

    ,

    .

    , - -:

    .

    ,

    .

  • 132

    2.5. : /

    , .

    ,

    .

    ,

    . , -

    .

    []

    ,

    .

    .

    , ,

    ,

    , , ,

    .

    , ,

    ,

    ,

    . :

    - - (

    )

    ,

    ,

    -

  • 133

    - ,

    -

    -

    -

    -

    ,[ ]

    - ,

    ,

    .

    .

    ,

    ,

    .

    ,

    ,

    2008 (Brotto 2008) .

    2.6 ,

    ( - )

    ( )

    / ,

    .

    /

    , ,

    , ,

    / .

  • 134

    ,

    .

    ,

    / ,

    .

    , , ,

    , -

    .

    .

    . ,

    .

    ,

    .

    ,

    , /ad hoc

    .

    ,

    - ( )

    .

    . ,

    , (

    ),

    -. , / ,

    ,

    . , ,

  • 135

    , ,

    , .

    Bottery M. (2004), The challenge of educational leadership, Sage, London.

    Brotto F. (2008), Group report for workshop A: Languages, intercultural dialogue and social inclusion, European Commission, Public hearing on multilingualism, Brussels, 15 April 2008, available on the European Commissions website. Compton M. and Weiner L. (2008), The Global Assault on Teaching, Teachers and their Unions: Stories for Resistance, Palgrave Macmillan, New York.

    Crossley M. and Watson K. (2003), Comparative and International Research in Education, Routledge Falmer, London and New York.

    Dimmock E. and Walker A. (2005), Educational Leadership: Culture and Diversity, Sage, London.

    ETUCE (European Trade Union Committee for Education) (2005), Report: Europe Needs Teachers: Hearing on Teacher Education, Brussels 17 January 2005, 2/2005, available on the ETUCE website. Fullan M. (2001), The New Meaning of Educational Change, Teachers College Press Columbia University , New York and London.

    Hunfeld H. (1997), Grundstze interkulturellen Lernens zum Verstndnis des LIFE-Konzepts, BMW Group, Mnchen, available on the BMW website.

    Jensen B.B. and Schnack K. (1994), Action competence as an educational chal- lenge, in Jensen B.B. and Schnack K. (eds), Action and Action Competence, Royal Danish School of Education Studies, Copenhagen.

    Lynch K. and Baker J. (2005), Equality in education: An equality of condition perspective, in Theory and Research in Education, Vol. 3(2), pp.131-164.

    Mogensen F. and Schnack K. (2010), The action competence approach and the new discourses of education for sustainable development, competence and quality criteria, in Environmental Education Research, 16(1), pp. 59-74.

    Putnam R. (2004), Education, diversity, social cohesion, and social capital, talk given to the OECD Education Ministers, Dublin, 18 March 2004.

    Spaji-Vrka V. (2004), Learning and living democracy. Talk given at the launch conference of the Council of Europe European Year of Citizenship through Education, Sofia, Bulgaria, 13-14 December 2004.

  • 136

    . ,

    ().

    .

    - ( ) ( )

    - , - (-)

    (

    ,

    ;

    ;) - (

    , ,

    ;) - (

    ?

    ; ;

    ;) - -

    (

    ;) - -

    -

    -

    (,

    , , , )

  • 137

    - ( ) ( ) /

    - (

    ,

    ;

    ;)

    -

    -

    - (

    ;) -

    -

    -

    -

    ( ?

    ad hoc ?

    ;) - , ,

    -

    (

    , ,

    ,

    ;)

  • 138

    - ( ,

    ;

    ; ;) -

    -

    - -

    (

    ,

    ;

    ; ,

    ;) -

    -

    - ,

    Francesca Brotto

    H Francesca Brotto ,

    .

    , ,

  • 139

    , , ,

    , ,

    .

    ,

    . , ,

    .

    OECD

    ( )

    European

    Commissions Standing Group for Indicators and Benchmarks (

    ).

    Francesca - ,

    Umbria () 25

    .

    Josef Huber

    Josef Huber

    ,

    Pestalozzi ,

    .

    2006

    (2006) - .

  • 140

    1998 2004, /

    ,

    .

    1992 1998

    .

    Katarzyna Karwacka-Vgele

    Katarzyna Karwacka-Vgele

    ().

    ,

    .

    2010

    EUR-OPA ]

    ,

    EUR-OPA

    .

    2009

    ",

    .

    ,

  • 141

    ,

    .

    ,

    .

    Gerhard Neuner

    Gerhard Neuner Kassel, ,

    .

    . 1982 1990

    Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst

    1980 ,

    .

    .

    Roberto Ruffino

    Roberto Ruffino Intercultura,

    , 1955

    . Intercultura -

    AFS EFIL,

    . 2007

    Intercultura Foundation

    .

    2008 EFIL

    , .

    ,

  • 142

    , " [] "

    1978, " 1982

    " ;" 1985.

    UNESCO.

    ,

    ...

    (21

    2008).

    Rdiger Teutsch

    Rdiger Teutsch "

    , ,

    " ,

    .

    2008,

    .

    .

    pestalozzi_Page_1Pestalozzi pestalozzi_Page_1Pestalozzi pestalozzi coverpestalozzi_Page_1pestalozzi_Page_2pestalozzi_Page_3

    pestalozziJosef Huber, Pestalozzi 1 Gerhard Neuner1.0F2. .2.1. 2.2. 2.3. 3.1. ;3.2. 3.3. 4. 4.1. 4.2. , 4.4. . ;4.5. : : 4.6. 4.7. 5. 5.3. : 5.4. , : : : 5.5. : 5.6. (oblativa dimensione) 5.7. 2: 4: 6. 6.2. 6.3. 6.4. : 7. : ;Ball S.L. (1990), Politics and policy making in education, Routledge, London.Huber J. (2008), The meaning and use of the declaration in: Huber J. andKleiber G. (1993), Prototypensemantik: eine Einfhrung, G. Narr, Tbingen.Taylor J.R. (2003), Linguistic categorization, Oxford University Press, Oxford.UNESCO (1992), International Conference on Education: Final Report, Paris.UNESCO (2007), UNESCO Guidelines on Intercultural Education, Paris. Katarzyna Karwacka-Vgele