Phn loi PLC~Bi:

Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn

PHN LOI

V hnh dng

C hai kiu c cu thng dng vi cc h thng PLC l kiu hp n v kiu modul nighp. Kiu hp n thng c s dng cho cc thit b iu khin lp trnh c nh vc cung cp di dng nguyn chic hon chnh.

Kiu modul ghp ni: gm nhiu modul ring cho b ngun, CPU, cng vo/ra.... clp trn thanh ray. Kiu ny c th s dng cho cc thit b lp trnh mi kch c.

Hnh 1.2 Micro PLC h T100MD-1616

V s lng cc u vo/ra

Cn c vo s lng cc u vo/ ra, ta c th phn PLC thnh bn loi sau:

- Micro PLC l loi c di 32 knh vo/ ra

- PLC nh c n 256 knh vo/ ra

- PLC trung bnh c n 1024 knh vo/ ra

- PLC c ln c trn 1024 knh vo/ra.

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www.princexml.comPrince - Non-commercial LicenseThis document was created with Prince, a great way of getting web content onto paper.

Cc micro PLC thng c t hn 32 u vo/ra. Trn hnh 1.2 l v d v micro PLCh T100MD-1616 do hng Triangle Research International sn xut. Cu to tng in gin v ton b cc b phn c tch hp trn mt bng mch c kch thc nhgn. Micro PLC c cu to gm tt c cc b phn nh b x l tn hiu, b ngun,cc knh vo/ra trong mt khi. Cc Micro PLC c u im hn cc PLC nh l githnh r, d lp t.

Mt loi micro PLC khc l DL05 ca hng Koyo, loi ny c 30 knh vo/ ra

Hnh 1.3. Micro PLC h DL05 ca hng Koyo

Mt loi micro-PLC khc l loi x ri 90 ca Fanuc, hnh 1.4. Loi ny c 8 knh vov 8 knh ra.

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Hnh 1.5. PLC loi ZEN-10C ca Omron

PLC loi nh c th c n 256 u vo/ra. Trn hnh 1.5 l PLC ca hng OMRONloi ZEN 10C. Loi PLC ny c 34 knh vo/ ra gm: 6 knh vo v 4 knh ra trnm un CPU, cn li 3 m un vo/ ra, vi 4 knh vo v 4 knh ra cho mi m un.

Hng Siemens c cc PLC loi nh nh S5-90U, S5-95U, S5-100U (hnh 1.6), S7 200l cc loi PLC loi nh, c s lng knh vo/ ra nh hn 256. Cu to ca cc PLCloi nh cng tng t nh cu to ca cc PLC loi trung bnh, v u l dng m un.im khc bit l dung lng b nh, s lng knh vo/ ra ca cc m un khc nhauv ln v tc x l thng tin cng khc nhau. PLC ca Siemens c dng rngri trong hu ht cc nc c nn cng nghip pht trin.

Hnh 1.7. PLC S5-100U ca Siemens

Cc PLC trung bnh c th c dn 1024 u vo/ra. Loi CJ1M ca Omron trn hnh 1.8c 320 knh vo/ ra.

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Hnh 1.8. PLC loi CJ1M ca Omron

Loi PLC CQM1 hay CQMIH ca Omron trn hnh 1.9 c 512 knh vo ra

Hnh 1.9. PLC loi CQM1 ca Omron

Hng Siemens c mt s x ri S7-200 l ccloi PLC hng trung bnh. S lng knhvo/ra ca S-300 c th trong khong t 256 n 1024.

Cc PLC loi ln c nhiu hn 1024 u vo/ra. Loi ny c tc x l rt cao, dunglng b nh ln v thng c dng trong iu khin cc h thng thit b cng nghphc tp. Hng Omron c PLC loai CJ1 trn hnh 1.10, l loi c ti 1280 knh vo/ rav loi CJ1H c ti 2560 knh vo/ra.

Hnh 1.10. PLC loi CJ1 ca Omron

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Hng Omron cn c loai CS1 trn hnh 1.11, l loi PLC c ln vi 5120 knh vo/ ra

Hnh 1.11. PLC loi CS1 ca Omron

Hnh 1.12. PLC S7-400 ca Siemens

Cc PLC loi ln ca Siemens l cc loi x ri S7-300, S7-400. Cc loi ny c s lngknh vo/ ra rt ln. Cc knh ny khng th u trc tip ln PLC m phi thng quacc b dn knh v tch knh ( demultiplexeur v multiplexeur). Trn hnh 1.12 l PLCS7400 ca Siemens. y l loi PLC mnh nht ca Siemens hin nay. Cu hnh caPLC ny c biu din bng hnh 1.13.a, 1.13.b. Cc PLC trung bnh v ln c cc mun vo/ra c th lp rp vi nhau trn cng mt gi tiu chun, cho php lp thmhoc tho bt ra m khng cn tt ngun. Cc PLC c kt ni vi nhau thng quamng ETHERNET cng nghip (hnh 1.14).

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Hnh 1.13b. S kt ni ca S7-400

Hnh 1.14. S kt ni mng ca S7-400trong cng nghip

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Hnh 1.13a.Cu trc ca S7-400

Cc PLC loi ln thng dng iu khin mc cao. mc thp thng l cc thitb iu khin tng t, hay thit b iu khin s vi cc PLC loi nh, hay loi trungbnh. mc thp, ch yu l cc thit b iu khin trc tip cc thit b cng ngh, ccc cu chp hnh, cc ng c, bm, van, cun ht, n hiu vv. iu khin mc caobao gm cc iu khin lin quan n phn qun l h thng v qun l d liu ca hthng iu khin. mc ny, cc d liu c th c thu thp t cc cc thit b iukhin mc thp hoc t bn ngoi h thng thng qua mng ni b v mng Internet.Cc d liu t cc PLC c truyn v cc my tnh trung tm lu tr v x l.Trng hp cc h thng sn xut t ng c iu khin bng thng k, y chnh liu khin mc cao, tng ng vi cu trc qun l ca h thng. Hot ng ca hthng iu khin c iu chnh da theo kt qu phn tch, nh gi t cc d liuthng k, nh vy gip cho vic sn xut lun dng ti u nht v hiu qu nht. PLCS7-400 ca Siemens l mt trong nhng loi PLC ln v rt mnh trong cc h thngiu khin sn xut qui m nh cc nh my cng nghip. Loi PLC ny c th kt nitrc tip qua mng Ethernet cng nghip vi cc thit b iu khin mc cao hn traoi d liu hoc thng cc cc cc knh giao din khc nh MPI , PROFIBUS, EIB haygiao din AS thu thp d liu v iu khin nh hnh 1.14.

1.4.3. V hng sn xut v sn phm

C nhiu hng sn xut PLC. Chng ta chn 4 hng tiu biu gm: Mitsubishi, Omron,Siemens, Telemecanique.

CP1L - Th h Micro PLC mi cho tng lai

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Ti a 160 I/O, RS-232 / 485 / 422

- Kt ni vi mun m rng CPM1

- B nh 5/10Kstep, c memory unit ngoi

- Lp trnh cng USB bng CX-P V7.1

- Chy m phng bng CX-Simulator

CPM1A, CPM2A - Loi Micro PLC thng dng

CPM1A CPM2A

CP1H - Loi Compact PLC cao cp (All-In-One)

PLC c va CJ1M

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Cch th hin cc dng lnh v nguyn tc gi v thc thi chng trnh cng nh cccng c dng g ri khi tho chng rt ging nhau c php v cch th hin.

ZEN ca OMRON

Trn nn tng ph hp cc ng dng, tnh kinh t, tnh cnh tranh, cc nh sn xut PLC gii thiu kh nhiu dng sn phm ph hp trong dy sn phm ca mnh, cc snphm c ng dng n gin nh (Logo-Siemens, Alpha-Mitsubishi, Zen-Omron, Smart-Telemecanique).

Chng ta s quan tm ti cc h PLC c i ch vo/ra trn di 512 I/O (512 input/output) b nh chng trnh tng n 32KB hoc 64KB Step v cc thnh phn ngoi vikt ni thm c th iu khin trong cc h thng t ng va v nh, n l, gn nhp ng hu ht cc yu cu iu khin theo ca cc nh thit k.

Mitsubishi: (Software m t GX-Developer V8.0Up) h Fx-xx ca hng tun th quyc gn a ch mang tnh k tha v pht trin trong tng lai (ch ni v cc a ch

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cho cc cng vo/ra, v cc ng vo v ra ny s c ni trc tip vi cc thit b ralnh v chp hnh bn ngoi).

V d: dng Fx-xx c a ch ng vo InputDigital c gn theo nhm tng byte, btu l byte 0 tng ng chng ta c cc a ch: X000 n X007 (8 bit = 1 byte) hay cngi l h c s 8.

Nh vy, nhm byte th 2 tip theo quy c gn a ch s bt u bng X010 nX017 a ch ng ra c gn k hiu Y v bt u t Y000 n Y007 tun th tng tnh cch gn ng vo X.

Cc a ch c gn theo quy c trn ch bao gm trong dng sn phm PLC c seriFX, cc dng sau t seri A, Q-A c nng cp ln nhm 2 byte nh vy a chc gn lc ny s bt u bng X000 cho n X007, tun theo th t m ca h cs 16

Tri qua hn 25 nm, t khi Mitsubishi Electric gii thiu PLC gn u tin trn thtrng chu Au. T Mitsubishi tr nn hng dn u th gii trong khu vc ny,vi hn 6 triu trong s nhng s ci t b iu khin.

Vi nhng kch thc gn ca h v chi ph thp nhng b iu khin c m ra vincnh mi trong k thut t ng cng nghip. Nhiu ng dng cho t ng ha .

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Lot FX3U m by gi ang c gii thiu l h PLCs gn v cng thnh cng caMitsubishi Electric th h th ba.

Tnh tng thch - nh phm vi b cp in (tip in) rng ca h nhng b iukhin FX c th c s dng khp th gii.

Tnh Ton cu - Nhng b iu khin MELSEC FX ph hp vi tt c cc tiu chuncng nghip quc t chnh.

FX1N kt hp nhng li ch ca mt b iu khin gn khng t vi nhng kh nngm rng linh hot ca mt h iu khin m un. N c th c m rng cho ti 128u vo v nhng u ra v vi mt phm vi ton din ca nhng m un chc nngc bit. FX1N cng lm ni bt mt b iu khin nh v tng hp mnh.

Th truyn thng ca FX1N v nhng kh nng ni d liu lm cho n tr nn l tngcho nhng ng dng ni kch thc phn cng b iu khin, nhng c tnh truynthng, nhng chc nng v tc x l c bit l mi th ph bnh.

Nhng u im ca lot FX1N:

- 14 ti 128 u vo v nhng u ra

- Tc x l cao

- Ample lp trnh dung lng nh (nhng bc 8,000) v nhng phm vi thit b

- Hp nht b iu khin nh v

- Ton din phm vi ca chc nng v nhng m un m rng c bit cho nhng yucu ring l

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- Tch hp b iu khin PID

- Cung cp kt ni m nhng mng

- Tch hp ng h thi gian thc

- Giao din lp trnh thn thin vi n v lp trnh b phn mm ng dng hay cm taylp trnh trn nn Windows MS

S x l tn hiu tng t vi nhng b tip hp m rng chn

The FX2N t nhng tiu chun trong khu vc k thut t ng cng nghip v lmt trong nhng b iu khin tiu th- ln nht worldwide. N c nhiu c tnh bnhthng c tm thy trong nhng b iu khin ln hn Ch dn FX2N lgc l mttrong nhng h thng PLC gn nhanh nht sn c. N c nhng kh nng truyn thngv mt phm vi rng ca s m rng rng ln v nhng m un chc nng c bit snc cho cu hnh ca nhng h thng chnh xc.

Hng Siemens (c)

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SIMATIC S7-300

PAC Sn phm tch hp gia PLC v WinCC lp trnh iu khin v m phng h thngiu khin t ng

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CU TRC PHN CNG PLC S7-300

1.5.1. H thng Module

PLC S7-300 cu trc dng module gm cc thnh phn sau:

CPU cc loi khc nhau: 312IFM, 312C, 313, 313C, 314, 314IFM, 314C, 315,315-2 DP, 316-2 DP, 318-2,

Module tn hiu SM xut nhp tn hiu tng ng /s: SM321, SM322,SM323, SM331, SM332,SM334, SM338, SM374

Module chc nng FM Module truyn thng CP Module ngun PS307 cp ngun 24VDC cho cc module khc, dng 2A, 5A,

10A Module ghp ni IM: IM360, IM361, IM365

Cc module c gn trn thanh ry nh hnh di, ti a 8 module SM/FM/CP bnphi CPU, to thnh mt rack, kt ni vi nhau qua bus connector gn mt sau camodule . Mi module c gn mt s slot tnh t tri sang phi, module ngun l slot1, module CPU slot 2, module k mang s 4

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Nu c nhiu module th b tr thnh nhiu rack (tr CPU312IFM v CPU313 ch cmt rack), CPU rack 0, slot 2, k l module pht IM360, slot 3, c nhim v ktni rack 0 vi cc rack 1, 2, 3, trn mi rack ny c module kt ni thu IM361, bn phimi module IM l cc module SM/FM/CP. Cp ni hai module IM di ti a 10m. Ccmodule c nh s theo slot v dng lm c s t a ch u cho cc module ngvo ra tn hiu. i vi CPU 315-2DP, 316-2DP, 318-2 c th gn a ch ty cho ccmodule.

Mi a ch tng ng vi mt byte. Vi cc module s a ch mt ng vo hay ra lx.y, x l a ch byte, y c gi tr t 0 n 7. V d module SM321 DI 32 c 32 ng vogn k CPU slot 4 c a ch l I0.y, I1.y, I2.y, I3.y, I l k hiu ch ng vo s. Moduleanalog c a ch theo word, v d module SM332 AO4 c 4 ng ra analog gn slot5 rack 1 c a ch PQW400, PQW402, PQW404, PQW406, ng ra s c k hiu l Qcn ng vo analog k hiu l PIW.

Cc CPU 312IFM, 314 IFM, 31xC c tch hp sn mt s module m rng

CPU 312IFM, 312C: 10 ng vo s a ch I124.0 I124.7, I125.1; 6 ng ra sQ124.0Q124.5.

CPU 313C: 24 DI I124.0..126.7, 16DO Q124.0..125.7, 5 ng vo tng ngAI a ch 752..761, hai ng ra AO 752..755

CPU 314IFM: 20 ng vo s I124.0 I126.3; 16 ng ra s Q124.0 Q125.7;4 ng vo tng ng PIW128, PIW130, PIW132, PIW134; mt ng ra tngng PQW128.

1.5.1.1. Module CPU

Cc module CPU khc nhau theo hnh dng chc nng, vn tc x l lnh. Loi 312IFM,314IFM khng c th nh. Loi 312IFM, 313 khng c pin nui. Loi 315-2DP,316-2DP, 318-2 c cng truyn thng DP. Cc n bo c ngha sau:

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- SF ... () ... li phn cng hay mm,

- BATF ... () ... li ngun nui,

- DC5V ... (l cy) ... ngun 5V bnh thng,

- FRCE ... (vng ) ... force request tch cc

- RUN ... (l cy) ... CPU mode RUN ; LED chp lc start-up w. 1 Hz; mode HALT w.0.5 Hz

- STOP mode ... (vng) ... CPU mode STOP hay HALT hay start-up; LED chp khimemory reset request

- BUSF ... () ... li phn cng hay phn mm giao din PROFIBUS

Kha mode c 4 v tr:

- RUN-P ch lp trnh v chy

- RUN ch chy chng trnh

- STOP ngng chy chng trnh

- MRES reset b nh

Th nh c th c dung lng t 16KB n 4MB, cha chng trnh t PLC chuynqua v chuyn chng trnh ngc tr li cho CPU.

Pin nui gip nui chng trnh v d liu khi b mt ngun (ti a 1 nm), ngoi racn nui ng h thi gian thc. Vi loi CPU khng c pin nui thi cng c mt phnvng nh c duy tr.

Thng qua cng truyn thng MPI (MultiPoint Interface) c th ni : my tnh lptrnh, mn hnh OP (Operator panel) , cc PLC c cng MPI (S7-300, M7-300, S7-400,M7-400, C7-6xx), S7-200, vn tc truyn n 187.5kbps (12Mbps vi CPU 318-2, 10.2kbps vi S7-200) . Cng Profibus DP ni cc thit b trn theo mng Profibus vi vntc truyn ln n 12Mbps.

***SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.*** * Cc vng nh ca PLC

Vng nh chng trnh (load memory) cha chng trnh ngi dng (khng chaa ch k hiu v ch thch) c th l RAM hay EEPROM trong CPU hay trn trn thnh.

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Vng nh lm vic (working memory) l RAM, cha chng trnh do vng nhchng trnh chuyn qua; ch cc phn chng trnh cn thit mi c chuyn qua,phn no khng cn li vng nh chng trnh , v d block header, data block

Vng nh h thng (system memory) phc v cho chng trnh ngi dng, bao gmtimer , counter, vng nh d liu M, b nh m xut nhp

Trn CPU 312IFM v 314 IFM vng nh chng trnh l RAM v EEPROM; cc CPUkhc c pin nui, vng nh chng trnh l RAM v th nh. Khi mt ngun hay ch MRES ( reset b nh) RAM s b xa. Mt s vng nh ca RAM ( timer, counter,vng nh M, khi d liu..) c th khai bo l lu gi (retentive) bng phn mm S7 chuyn cc vng ny sang b nh lu gi (NVRAM non volative ) d khng c pinnui, kch thc c th ty loi CPU.

Bng sau cho mt s thng s chnh ca cc CPU

Thngs CPU 312IFM CPU 313 CPU 314 CPU 314IFM

Workingmemory 6KB 12KB 24KB 32KB

Loadmemory 20KBRAM20KBEEPROM

20KBRAMup to 4MBFEPROM (memory card)

40KBup to 4MBFEPROM (memory card)

48KBRAM48KBEEPROM

Vn tc 0.7ms/1000 lnh nh phn 0.7ms/1000 lnh nhphn 0.3ms/1000 lnh nh phn0.3ms/1000 lnh nhphn

DataMemory

1KBRetentivity adjustableMB0..MB71PresetMB0..MB15

2KBRetentivityadjustableMB0..MB71PresetMB0..MB15

2KBRetentivity adjustableMB0..MB255PresetMB0..MB15

2KBRetentivityadjustableMB0..MB143PresetMB0..MB15

CounteradjustableRetentivityC0..C31PresetC0..C7

adjustable RetentivityC0..C63Preset C0..C7

adjustable RetentivityC0..C63Preset C0..C7

Adjustable RetentivityC0..C63Preset C0..C7

Timer T0..T63 no retentivityT0..T127AdjustableRetentivityT0..T31Preset:no

T0..T127AdjustableRetentivityT0..T127Preset:no

T0..T127AdjustableRetentivityT0..T71Preset:no

Digitalinputs 10 integrated + 128 128 512 496 + 20 integrated

Digitaloutputs 6 integrated + 128 128 512 496 +16 integrated

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Analoginputs 32 32 64 64 + 4 integrated

Analogoutputs 32 32 64 64 + 1 integrated

Processimageinput

I0.0.. I127.7 I0.0.. I127.7 I0.0.. I127.7

Processimageoutput

Q0.0 ..Q127.7 Q0.0 ..Q127.7 Q0.0 ..Q127.7

Module ngun nui (PS)

Module ngun nui. C 3 loi:2A, 5A, 10A.

1.5.1.3. Module m rng cng tn hiu vo/ra (SM)

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Module vo s c cc loi sau:

SM 321; DI 32 _ 24 VDC SM 321; DI 16 _ 24 VDC SM 321; DI 16 _ 120 VAC, 4*4 nhm SM 321; DI 8 _ 120/230 VAC, 2*4 nhm SM 321; DI 32 _ 120 VAC 8*4 nhm

Module ra s:

SM 322; DO 32 _ 24 VDC/0.5 A, 8*4 nhm SM 322; DO 16 _ 24 VDC/0.5 A, 8*2 nhm SM 322; DO 8 _ 24 VDC/2 A, 4*2 nhm SM 322; DO 16 _ 120 VAC/1 A, 8*2 nhm SM 322; DO 8 _ 120/230 VAC/2 A, 4*2 nhm SM 322; DO 32_ 120 VAC/1.0 A, 8*4 nhm SM 322; DO 16 _ 120 VAC ReLay, 8*2 nhm SM 322; DO 8 _ 230 VAC Relay, 4*2 nhm SM 322; DO 8 _ 230 VAC/5A Relay,1*8 nhm

Module vo/ ra

SM 323; DI 16/DO 16 _ 24 VDC/0.5 A SM 323; DI 8/DO 8 _ 24 VDC/0.5 A

Module Analog in

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Module analog in c nhiu ng vo, dng o in p, dng in, in tr ba dy,bn dy, nhit . C nhiu tm o, phn gii, thi gian chuyn i khc nhau. Cit thng s hot ng cho module bng phn mm S7- Simatic 300 Station Hardware v/hoc chng trnh ngi dng s dng hm SFC 55, 56, 57 ph hp (xemmc ) v/hoc ci t nh modulle tm o (measuring range module) gn trn moduleSM. Kt qu chuyn i l s nh phn ph hai vi bit MSB l bit du.

SM331 AI 2*12 : module chuyn i hai knh vi sai p hoc dng, hoc mt knh intr 2/3/4 dy, dng phng php tch phn, thi gian chuyn i t 5ms n 100ms, phn gii 9, 12, 14 bit + du, cc tm o nh sau: 80 mV; 250 mV; 500 mV; 1000mV; 2.5 V; 5 V;1 .. 5 V; 10 V; 3.2 mA; 10 mA; 20 mA; 0 .. 20 mA; 4 ..20mA. in tr 150 ?; 300 ?; 600 ?; o nhiy dng cp nhit E, N, J, K, L, nhit kin tr Pt 100, Ni 100. Cc thng s mc nh c ci sn trn module, kt hp vit v tr ca module tm o (bn v tr A, B, C, D) nu khng cn thay i th c th sdng ngay

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SM331, AI 8*12bit , 8 knh vi sai chia lm hai nhm, phn gii 9 (12, 14 )bit + du

SM331, AI 8*16bit , 8 knh vi sai chia lm 2 nhm , phn gii 15 bit + du

Module Analog Out:

Cung cp p hay dng ph thuc s nh phn ph hai

- SM332 AO 4*12 bit: 4 ng ra dng hay p phn gii 12 bit, thi gian chuyn i0.8 ms .

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- SM332 AO 2*12 bit

- SM332 AO 4*16 bit

Module Analog In/Out

- SM 334; AI 4/AO 2 * 8 Bit

- SM334; AI 4/AO 2* 12 Bit

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***SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.*** 1.5.1.4. Module ghp ni(IM)

Module IM360 gn rack 0 k CPU dng ghp ni vi module IM361 t cc rack1, 2, 3 gip kt ni cc module m rng vi CPU khi s module ln hn 8. Cp ni giahai rack l loi 368. Trong trng hp ch c hai rack, ta dng loi IM365.

1.5.1.5. Module c chc nng iu khin ring (FM)

FM350-1 : m xung mt knh FM350-2 : m xung tm knh FM351, 353, 354, 357-2 : iu khin

nh v

FM352: b iu khin cam in t FM355: b iu khin h kn

1.5.1.6. Module phc v truyn thng (CM)

Module phc v truyn thng trong mng gia cc PLC vi nhau hoc gia PLC vimy tnh

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Cu trc b nh

1.5.2.1. Kiu d liu

Dng Kch thc nh dng Tm v k hiu V d

BOOL(bit) 1 Booleantext TRUE/FALSE TRUE

BYTE(Byte) 8 Thp lc phn B#16#0 n B#16#FF B#16#10byte#16#10

WORD(Word) 16

Nh phn 2#0 n2#1111_1111_1111_1111 2#0001_0010_0000_0011

Thp lc phn W#16#0 n W#16#FFFF W#16#1CBFWord#16#1CBF

BCD C#0 n C#999 C#998

Thp phn khng du B#(0,0) n B#(255,255) B#(10,20)Byte#(10,20)

DWORD(DoubleWord) 32

Nh phn 2#0n2#1111_1111_1111_1111_1111_1111_1111_1111 2#0010_0111_1001_0000_0011_0100_1111_1000

Thp lc phn DW#16#0000_0000 nDW#16#FFFF_FFFF DW#16#00A2_0FABdword#16#00A2-0FAB

Thp phn khng du B#(0,0,0,0) nB#(255,255,255,255) B#(1,14,65,245)byte#(1,14,65,245)

INT(Integer) 16 Thp phn c du -32768 n 32767 2

DINT(Double Integer) 32 Thp phn c du L#-2147483648 nL#2147483647 L#1

S5TIMER(SimaticTimer) 16 S5 timevi n v l 10ms S5T#0H_0M_0S_10MS nS5T#2H_46M_30S_0MS S5T#1MS5TIME#1M

TIME(IEC Time) 32 IEC timevi n v l 1ms (s integerc du) T#-24D_20H_31M_23S_648MSnT#24D_20H_31M_23S_647MS T#1H_1MTIME#1H_1M

DATE(IECdate) 16 Ngy h IEC vi n v 1 ngy D#1990-1-1 nD#2168-12-31 D#1994-3-15DATE#1994-3-15

TIME_OF_DAY(timeofday) 32 Thi gian trong mt ngy vin v 1ms TOD#0:0:0.0 nTOD#23:59:59.999 TOD#1:10:3.3TIME_OF_DAY#1:10:3.3

CHAR(character) 8 K t A, B, c, e

1.5.2.2. Vng nh d liu, i tng v cch truy cp

PLC thng yu cu b nh trong cc trng hp: Lm b nh thi cho cc knh trngthi I/O. Lm b m trng thi cc chc nng trong PLC nh nh thi, m, ghi ccRelay.

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Mi lnh ca chng trnh c mt v tr ring trong b nh, tt c mi v tr trong b nhu c nh s, nhng s ny chnh l a ch trong b nh. a ch ca tng nh sc tr n bi mt b m a ch bn trong b vi x l. B vi x l s gi tr trongb m ny ln mt trc khi x l lnh tip theo. Vi mt a ch mi, ni dung ca nh tng ng s xut hin u ra, qu trnh ny c gi l qu trnh c.

B nh bn trong PLC c to bi cc vi mch bn dn, mi vi mch ny c kh nngcha 2000 - 16000 dng lnh , ty theo loi vi mch. Trong PLC cc b nh nh RAM,EPROM u c s dng.

+ RAM (Random Access Memory) c th np chng trnh, thay i hay xa b nidung bt k lc no. Ni dung ca RAM s b mt nu ngun in nui b mt. trnhtnh trng ny cc PLC u c trang b mt pin kh, c kh nng cung cp nng lngd tr cho RAM t vi thng n vi nm. Trong thc t RAM c dng khi tov kim tra chng trnh. Khuynh hng hin nay dng CMOS RAM nh kh nng tiuth thp v tui th ln.

+ EPROM (Electrically Programmable Read Only Memory) l b nh m ngi sdng bnh thng ch c th c ch khng ghi ni dung vo c. Ni dung caEPROM khng b mt khi mt ngun, n c gn sn trong my, c nh sn xutnp v cha h iu hnh sn. Nu ngi s dng khng mun m rng b nh th chdng thm EPROM gn bn trong PLC. Trn PG (Programer) c sn ch ghi v xaEPROM.

+ EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory) lin kt vinhng truy xut linh ng ca RAM v c tnh n nh. Ni dung ca n c th cxa v lp trnh bng in, tuy nhin s ln l c gii hn. Mi trng ghi d liu tht l a cng hoc a mm, c s dng trong my lp trnh. a cng hoc a mmc dung lng ln nn thng c dng lu nhng chng trnh ln trong mt thigian di.

* Kch thc b nh:

- Cc PLC loi nh c th cha t 300 -1000 dng lnh ty vo cng ngh ch to.

- Cc PLC loi ln c kch thc t 1K - 16K, c kh nng cha t 2000 -16000 dnglnh. Ngoi ra cn cho php gn thm b nh m rng nh RAM, EPROM.

1. Cu trc b nh:

B nh gm 48KB RAM, 48KB ROM, khng c kh nng m rng v tc x l gn0.3ms trn 1000 lnh nh phn, b nh c chia trn cc vng:

+ Vng cha chng trnh ng dng:

Phn loi PLC~

25/31

- OBx (Organisation block): Min cha chng trnh t chc, trong :

- Khi OB1: Khi t chc chnh, mc nh, thc thi lp vng. N c bt u khi qutrnh khi ng hon thnh v bt u tr li khi n kt thc.

- Khi OB10 (Time of day interrupt): c thc hin khi c tn hiu ngt thi gian.

- Khi OB20 (Time delay interrupt): c thc hin sau 1 khong thi gian t trc.

- Khi OB35 (Cyclic Interrupt): khi ngt theo chu k nh trc

- Khi OB40 (Hardware Interrupt): c thc hin khi tn hiu ngt cng xut hin ng vo I124.0 I124.3

- FC (Function): Min cha chng trnh con c t chc thnh hm c bin hnh thc trao i d liu vi chng trnh gi n, c phn bit bi cc s nguyn. V d:FC1, FC7, FC30ngoi ra cn c cc hm SFC l cc hm c tch hp sn trong hiu hnh.

- FB (Function Block): tng t nh FC, FB cn phi xy dng 1khi d liu ring gil DB (Data Block) v cng c cc hm SFB l cc hm tch hp sn trong h iu hnh.

+ Vng cha cc tham s h iu hnh v chng trnh ng dng:

- I (Process image input): Min b m d liu cc ng vo s. Trc khi bt u thchin chng trnh, PLC s c tt c gi tr logic ca cc cng vo ri ct gi chngtrong vng I. khi thc hin chng trnh CPU s s dng cc gi tr trong vng I mkhng c trc tip t ng vo s.

- Q (Process image output): tng t vng I, min Q l b m d liu cng ra s. Khikt thc chng trnh, PLC s chuyn gi tr logic ca b m Q ti cc cng ra s.

- M (Memory): Min cc bin c. Do vng nh ny khng mt sau mi chu k qut nnchng trng ng dng s s dng vng nh ny lu gi cc tham s cn thit. Cth truy nhp n theo bit (M), byte (MB), theo t (MW) hay t kp (MD).

- T (Timer): Min nh phc v b thi gian bao gm vic lu tr cc gi tr t trc(PV-Preset Value), cc gi tr tc thi (CV-Current Value) cng nh cc gi tr logicu ra ca Timer.

- C (Counter): Min nh phc v b m bao gm vic lu gi cc gi tr t trc (PV-Preset Value), cc gi tr tc thi (CV-Current Value) cng nh cc gi tr logic u raca Counter.

Phn loi PLC~

26/31

- PI: Min a ch cng vo ca cc module tng t (I/O External input). Cc gi trtng t ti cng vo ca module tng t s c module c v chuyn t ng theonhng a ch. Chng trnh ng dng c th truy cp min nh PI theo tng byte (PIB),tng t (PIW) hoc theo tng t kp (PID).

- PQ: Min a ch cng ra ca cc module tng t (I/O External output). Cc gi trtng t ti cng vo ca module tng t s c module c v chuyn t ngtheo nhng a ch. Chng trnh ng dng c th truy cp min nh PI theo tng byte(PQB), tng t (PQW) hoc theo tng t kp (PQD).

+ Vng cha cc khi d liu, c chia thnh 2 loi:

DB (Data block): Min cha cc d liu c t chc thnh khi. Kch thchay s lng khi do ngi s dng qui nh. C th truy nhp min ny theotng bit (DBX), byte( DBB), tng t (DBW), t kp (DBD).

L (Local data block): Min d liu a phng, c cc khi chng trnhOB, FC, FB t chc v s dngcho cc bin nhp tc thi v trao i d liuca bin hnh thc vi nhng khi gi n. Ton b vng nh s b xo saukhi khi thc hin xong. C th truy nhp theo tng bit (L), byte (LB), t LW),hoc t kp (LD).

Kch thc cc vng nh ty thuc vo tng loi PLC

Phn loi PLC~

27/31

2. Phng php truy cp vng nh:

a ch nh trong PLC S7-300 bao gm hai thnh phn: phn ch v phn s.

V d:

Truy nhp theo byte: Bao gm cc kiu Byte (1 byte), Word (2 byte), Double word (4byte)

Phn loi PLC~

28/31

Quy cch: Tn vng nh, kch thc, a ch byte u tin

a. Vng nh cc u vo I:

- Ti thi im u tin mi vng qut PLC ly tn hiu t cc u vo v ghi cc gi trtng ng vo vng nh u vo.

- Truy nhp: Kiu: Bit I[a ch byte].[a ch bit] I0.1

Byte, word, Double word I[kch thc][a ch byte u tin]

V d: IB4, IW1, ID2

b. Vng nh cc u ra Q:

- Trong qu trnh thc hin cc cng vic trong mt vng qut (bao gm c chng trnhiu khin), PLC s ghi cc gi tr tng ng ca cc vo vng nh ny, cui vng qutPLC s gi cc gi tr ny n cc u ra tng ng.

- Truy nhp: Kiu: Bit Q[a ch byte].[a ch bit] Q0.0

Byte, word, Double word Q[kch thc][a ch byte u tin]

V d: QB2, QW1, QD4

c. Vng nh M:

- Cc nh thuc vng nh (M) dng lu tr trng thi ca qu trnh hot ng hoccc thng tin iu khin khc.

- Truy nhp:Kiu: Bit M[a ch byte].[a ch bit] M10.1

Byte, Word, Double word M[kch thc][a ch byte u tin]

V d: MB20, MW8, MD6

d. Vng nh thi gian T

- Mi b thi gian c hai gi tr c lu tr trong vng nh T: Gi tr m thi gianhin ti (16 bit), v gi tr bit timer (1 bit).

- Truy nhp: T [s th t b timer] T3

e. Vng nh b m C:

Phn loi PLC~

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- Mi b m c hai gi tr c lu tr trong vng nh C: Gi tr m hin ti (kiuBDC, 12 bit), v gi tr bit counter (1 bit).

- Truy nhp: C [s th t b timer] C1

f. Vng nh cc u vo, u ra Analog AI, AQ:

- PLC chuyn i mt gi tr in p (hoc dng in) thnh mt s nh phn (12 bit)lu tr trong vng nh analog (hoc ngc li).

- Cch truy nhp vi tn hiu vo: PI[kch thc][a ch byte u tin]

V d: Truy nhp: Kiu: Byte, Word, Double word

PIB20, PIW8, PID6

- Cch truy nhp vi tn hiu ra: PQ[kch thc][a ch byte u tin]

V d: Truy nhp: Kiu: Byte, Word, Double word

PQB20, PQW8, PQD6

g. Vng nh ca cc khi d liu DB:

- M khi d liu DB hoc DI bng lnh OPN

V d: OPN DB 1 // M khi d liu DB (Open data Block)

Hoc OPN DI 1 // M khi d liu DI (Open instance data Block)

- M mt bt trong khi d liu DBX

V d: A DB3.DB 0.5 // m bit s 5 ca byte 0 trong khi d liu DB3

- M mt Byte, mt WORD hoc mt mt DW trong khi d liu DBx

V d: L DB3. DBB2 // ch ti Byte 2 trong khi d liu DB3

L DB3. DBW2 // ch ti WORD 2 trong khi d liu DB3

L DB. DBD2 // ch ti DWORD 2 trong khi d liu DB3

h. Vng nh trong cc khi chng trnh OB, FBx v FCx

Phn loi PLC~

30/31

- Ch 1 bit

V d: A L0.2// ch bt s 2 ca Byte 0 trong min d liu a phng

- Ch mt Byte, Word hoc DW

V d: L LB0 // ch byte 0 trong min d liu a phng

L LW0 // ch Word 0 trong min d liu a phng

L LD0 // ch DWord 0 trong min d liu a phng

Phn loi PLC~

31/31

Phn loi PLC~PHN LOIV hnh dngV s lng cc u vo/ra1.4.3. V hng sn xut v sn phm

CU TRC PHN CNG PLC S7-300Module ngun nui (PS)Module vo/ raModule Analog inCu trc b nh