15
Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme ` a l’´ epist´ emologie naturalis´ ee Bruno Ambroise To cite this version: Bruno Ambroise. Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme `a l’´ epist´ emologie naturalis´ ee. Le corps et l’esprit, Delagrave, pp.126-140, 2003, Skepsis. <halshs-00338165> HAL Id: halshs-00338165 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00338165 Submitted on 11 Nov 2008 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- entific research documents, whether they are pub- lished or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destin´ ee au d´ epˆ ot et ` a la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publi´ es ou non, ´ emanant des ´ etablissements d’enseignement et de recherche fran¸cais ou ´ etrangers, des laboratoires publics ou priv´ es.

Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme a l’ epist emologie ... · Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme a l’ epist emologie naturalis ee Bruno Ambroise To cite this version: Bruno

  • Upload
    others

  • View
    11

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme a l’ epist emologie ... · Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme a l’ epist emologie naturalis ee Bruno Ambroise To cite this version: Bruno

Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme a l’epistemologie

naturalisee

Bruno Ambroise

To cite this version:

Bruno Ambroise. Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme a l’epistemologie naturalisee. Le corps etl’esprit, Delagrave, pp.126-140, 2003, Skepsis. <halshs-00338165>

HAL Id: halshs-00338165

https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00338165

Submitted on 11 Nov 2008

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open accessarchive for the deposit and dissemination of sci-entific research documents, whether they are pub-lished or not. The documents may come fromteaching and research institutions in France orabroad, or from public or private research centers.

L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, estdestinee au depot et a la diffusion de documentsscientifiques de niveau recherche, publies ou non,emanant des etablissements d’enseignement et derecherche francais ou etrangers, des laboratoirespublics ou prives.

Page 2: Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme a l’ epist emologie ... · Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme a l’ epist emologie naturalis ee Bruno Ambroise To cite this version: Bruno

����������� ���������������������������� �!�#"�$%�&�'�����()�*���,+-(��&"���"�$.�/�0� �1+2�3���4�5�6�7(��

8:9<;>=@?�9-A�B3C�D,EGF�HJIG=2IKDGE3L.ANMPO�9-FJQRA�FSBCUTWV�X ;�MPL =-FJ;/Q�HJLRY�Z�FSH[H�A�9\C0]�A�B^*9-MWA�B_0T4F�B3La`cb>d�X�eUfcV�XKX�X/gL>=\hiHSjkT4BlC�L/=#hc9<;>=m9-A�9<L>=.n�AR]4I�F�9%O�H�A�o3I79\OpT�Bq]4O�9-FShcA�o,HJL�=\rs=-h5;RMtLaD�EGF�HJI,=<I�D�E,FJusT7LRYvCKA�B�=.HJL/uUT7LRHw=<L>=mhcE3;/=<L>=oGF[L�BQ/IKBGB�TGL>=\YGL�h1=<IKTK]4L�B,hwD,9)I4]4IGQRA�hc9)F[Q>L/=-Y�hx9<I4T�]4LRBGhyhzIUT�hyHJLNT�9:=2L�B3= LRB=<L {kT3=-hcFJ|}FJA�B,hwH�j~T�B3L.H�jSA�T�hc9<L�����jJL/=-hA�FSB�=-F:C�LqQ>LRhch5L=<I7HSFJCKA�9-F�h5OCKjJLRB3=<LRMWo,HJLqu�TGLPH[L>=�hcE�;>=<L/=WC�Lt�:HSj�FSB�C�O�h5L�9-M�FSB,A�hcF[I�B�C�L!HSAPhc9-A>CUTGQ�hcFJI7B��RY:C�L�:H�jSF�B3=<QR95T�hcA�oGF�HSF�h5O�C�L�HSA�9<O>|�O�9<LNB3Q/L1��YwC�LaH�A0QR9-FShcFJusTGL�C�L�HSj�A�BGA�Hkr�hcFJQRFSh5O�I4T�C�LaHSA�=-Fk?�BGFJ|}FJQ/A�hcFJI7BGY�hcF�9<LNBGhihcIKT�h5LHJL6T49�]KA>HJL6T49LRh�HJL6T49|�I�9<Q>L�DGE,FSH[IG=<I7D�EGFJusTGL>=N���@I4?�FJQ�F[L�B�fcDGE,FSH[IG=<IKD,E3L�ANT4hcA�B�hWusTGLlD,EGFSH[IG=<I7DGE�L�fcHJI4?�FJQ�F[L�B,Y_0T4F�B3L Q>I7B3=-hc9�T�FSh1=-A�B3= C�I4T4h5L C�L/=ihcE�;>=<L/=�DGEGF�HJI,=<I�D,EGFJusTGL>= u�TGF�=<I�B,h�C�ORh5L�9�MWF�B3O>L/=�DGA�9:=\A�Q/I�B3Q/LNDGhcF[IKBC�LHSA�H[IK?�F[uUT7L�Q>I7MWMPL�Q/IKT�9)I�B�B�L�MPLNBGhC�L�=-A�DGE,FSHJI,=<I�D�E,FJL�BGA�h�T�9)A�H�FJ=-h5Ls�%��A�FJ=�Q>LRHSH[L>f5QRF�B�L�D3I4T49-9-A�FSh=2LQ>I7M�DG9<LNB�CK9\L =\A�B3= H�jSA�hchcA>Q�E�LNMtLNB,hw9<O/=<I�HkT!C�L _0T4F�B3Lpn.T�B�LNM�DGF�9)F[=-MPL�|cI�B�Q�F[L�9:usT�jSFSH,A MWF[LNTK�W9<L>Q/IKB3=-hc9�T�FShD3I4T49�L�B�MWI7B�hc9<L�9�H[LPQ�A�9-A>Q�h5;N9<L�F�B3ON]KFShcA�oGH[L*��F�B3O6]�FShcA�o,H�L�D7T4F[=<uUTGL�9\O/=�TGHShcA�B,h�C�L�H�jJORhcA�h%MP��MPLPC�L�BGI�hc9<LQ>I7B�BGA�F[=<=-A�B3Q/L�����A�9)YyFSB,hx9<I,CUT7QRh5LNT�9�LRBlMt�RMWL*h5LNMWD�=�usT7L�Q�9-FShcF[u�TGL�C�L�H�jJL�M�DGF�9-FJ=-MPL�H[IK?�FJusTGL�ANTK���#hcA�h5=2f� BGF[=-Y�F�H�=-j[L>=-hPA�hchcA>QRE3O�n�C�O>|cA�F�9<L�HSj[L�M�D,FS9-FJ=\MtL�C�L�=<L/=�C�I4?�MtL/=�DGIKT�9M�FJL6T���LRB�|}A�FS9<L�H�A�MtORhxE�IGCKLI�o,HSFk?sA�h5I7FS9<L�C�LlH�jJO�D,FJ=-h5ORMWI�H[IK?�FJL�BGA�h�T�9-A�HSF[=<O>Ls��� L�H�HJL/f5Q�F D,9<L�B3CU9-AlA�FSB�=-F L�B�Q>I�M*DGh5L�HSjJORhcA�h*A>Q�h�TGL�H C�LlH�AQ>I7B�BGA�F[=<=-A�B3Q/L�Y Q�j[L>=-h5f}n>f5CKFS9<LlC�L�HSA�=<Q�F[L�B3Q/L�Y#DGI4T49PM�FJL2TK��H�Al9<L>Q/I�B3=\hx9�T�FS9<L �#Q�j[L>=�hWC�IKB�Q�T�BGL =2I�95h5L�C�L9<LN?�A�9<C�9<O�hc9-IG=-D�L>QNhcFJ|.usT7L�H�At=<QRFJLRB3Q>L*D3I79-h5LW=�T�9�L�H�HJL/fcMP�NMtL�u�T�F19<L>=-h5L�Q>I7M�MPL�hc¡>QRE3L*n�HSA�D,EGF�HJIG=2I�DGE,FJLRY=-A�B�=%usT7L�Q/L�HSH[L>f�Q�F�9<L>=-h5LaA�hchcA>Q�E�O>Lpn�C�L>=.C�IK?�MPL>=.u�T�F�HSj[L�M�D3�>QNE,A�FJLRBGh:C�Lp9<LNB3CK9<L�Q/I�M�D,hzLaA>C�O>usT�A�h5L�MPL�BGhCUT¢C�O6]4L�H[I�D,D3L�M�L�BGh�C�L�HSAlQ/IKBGBGA�F[=<=-A�B�Q>L�`�h5L�H[=Pu�TGL��iH�jSFSH[HkT7=2FJI7B£CKj~T�B3LlCKF[=-hcFSB�Q�hcF[IKB¤A�o3=<I7H~TGLlLNBGhc9<LqHJL/=O�B�IKB3Q/O>= =�r�B�hcE�ONhcFJusT7L/= L�hyHJL>= ORB3IKB3Q/O>=�A�BGA�Hkr�hcF[u�TGL>=-Y�H�jSF�HJH�TG=-FJI7BCUTW9<O>CUTGQ�hcF[I�BGB,FJ=-MPL.u�T�FK]4LNT�h1uUT7L QREGA>usT7LDGE,9-A>=<L%=\F~?�BGF[|cFSA�B,h5L#A�F�h�T�B3L#Q�I79)9<L/=5D�IKB3CKA�B�Q>L AN]4L/Q#H�jJL6��D3ON9-FJLRB3Q/L%=<LNB�=-FSo,HJLRY4LNh5Qs� gN�

��jJL>=\h�nPT�B3LqD,9\O/=<L�B,hcA�hcFJIKB¤CKjJLRB3=<LRM�oGH[L�C�L�=2L>=*hcE3;>=2L>=�u�TGLl=-j�A�hchcA>Q�E3L�_0T4F�B3L�CKA�B3=*¥�¦�§x¨c¦R©Jªp« ¬­y§x¦>ª¯®K°�±xªv²x±�³~©¯´-§c±�´5µ�¦/ª�¶�«<·/²3²�«5¸�¸#±�¦�·>±,©x·�ª�§c«<¶�¦s²�ª[©¹«<·#µ�¦ ¨ º�¨cªz»¯¸ ±<¼w®�©[³[«)¨�« ¼w®R©¯½�¦�±�½>¦�©¹·�©¯±c·6¾,¿1«2·<À5¦a²x«5¸�¸#±3ªz±x³~Á�¨cµ#³[±c²¯ª¯¦�§c±±x¨cª@²¯±c·6¨�Âc±2¬sµ/²[©J³~©[ª�±c§i³-à ±c·�ª�§cÂx± ¶�µ/·�¨:³�µÄ¼w®�©J³�«)¨�« ¼w®R©¯± ¶�±�ÅP¦�©¹·>± ¶�±1¸:µ/·�©¹»c§c±�¼1Âc¶�µ¹Æ�«~Æ�©x½�¦�±x¾�Çz³�¨�±c§xµ*¶�«<·>²�²¯«5¸�¸#«<¶�± ¶�±�¨c¦R©¯´-§c±³-à «<§c¶�«<·/·6µ/·>²�±¯¸#±c·�ª�¶�¦�³~©¹´-§c±�¼1«-¦�§ ²�«5¸�¼1§c±c·/¶�§c± ´)Âc§¯©[ª¯µ/È�³[±¯¸m±c·6ª1³�µ,¬�«<§c²�± ±�ª1³\à «<§¯© Æ�©¹·6µ�³~©[ª� ¶�± ²x±xª[ª�±�¼w®�©[³[«)¨}« ¼w®R©¯±x¾1¿@± ¼1±c·>¶�µ/·6ª�Á¼1«)¦s§<¼1«)¨�±c§�½�¦�±x³[½�¦�±x¨�É�µ�³[«2·6¨�ÁK©J³K²�«<·>´c©¹±c·6ª�¶�±-¼1§cÂx¨�±c·�ª�±c§Ä§xµ�¼�©¯¶�±¯¸#±c·�ª�³[±x¨�ª[®�»x¨}±x¨}¬�«<§¯ª�±x¨Ä½6¦R©4³�µ.²x«�¸�¼1«)¨}±c·6ª¯¾

Ê Hw=-j�AN?�FSh#CKjSA�o�I�9<C�C�L�Q/IKMWD�9<LRB3CU9\L*u�TGL�YwQ�I7MWM�L�hzI4T4h5LaH�A�hc9-A>CKF�hcFJI�B�A�BGA�H~r�hcFJusT7LRY�HSA�D,EGFSH[IG=<I7D�EGF[LC�L _0T4F�B3L L>=\hwM�A�9<u�TGO>L.D,A�9iHJLm� h5IKT�9-BGA�BGhyHSF�B�?�T�FJ=-hcF¯usT7L � L�h1usT4j[L�BQ>I7B3=<O/u�TGL�B�Q>L.h5I4T4h5L =-A.9<O>|}HJLN�KFJI�B=)T49HSA Q>I7BGB,A�FJ=<=-A�B�Q>L L/=-h�CKj�A�o3I79\C0T�B3L.9<O>|}HJLN�KFJI�B=)T49�HJL.HSA�B7?�AN?�L�YG=�T�9 HJL.H[A�B�?�AN?�L C�L H�A�Q>I7BGBGA�F[=<=-A�B�Q>L�YGI4Tt=�T�9HSA�|�A>Ë/I�B�C�I7B�h1HJLpHSA�B�?�AR?ULpD3LR9)MPL�hiC�L�?�O�B3OR9)LR9iT�B3LaQ>IKB�B,A�FJ=<=-A�B�Q>LaIKT�T4B!��=<QRE3;�MPL�Q/I�B�Q>LNDGh�TGL�H���� Ê HGB�L|cANTGCK9-AtC�I7B3Q�D,A>=�=\jJO�h5IKB,B3LN9�C�L�B�L�DGA>=p]4I�F�9�A�D�D,A�9)ANÌ[hc9)LPQ/L>=�Q>IKB�Q>L�D�h5=�|}A�MWF�HSFJLR9<=�C�L�H�jJLRMWD,FS9-FJ=-MPLPusT7L=<I7BGh.HJL>=0FJC�O>L/=�L�h H[L>=�=2LNB3=-A�hcF[I�B3=6�����RMWL>=0HJL>=*L�B�hc9<O>L/=�=2L�B3=2I�9-FJLRHSHJL/=-Y:C�IKB,h�_0T�FSB3LqL>=-h.oGF[L�B�IKo,HSF~?�OqC�LQ>I7B3Q�O/C�L�9 HSj[LN��F[=-h5L�B�Q>L�Y,B3La=<L�9-A�FSh5f�Q�L�usT7LpDGA�9 A�hchcA>Q�E�L�MPLNBGh1n H�jJL�M�DGF�9-FJ=-MPL�Y,MWA�F[= A�TG=<=2FGDGA�9 9<L>=\D3L>QRh1D3I4T49HJL/=�C�I7BGB3O/L>=a=<Q�F[L�B�hcFJ|}FJusT7L/=�LRHJH[L>=<f}Mt�RMtL/=-Y1=<L�9<IKBGh hc9-A�FSh5O�L/=�=<I4T7=a|5I79)MPL*HSFSB7?�T4F[=-hcFJuUTGL ��A�FSB�=-F1=<L�9<I�B,h5f5LRHSHJL/=9<L�hc9-A>CUT�FSh5L>= =2IKTG= |5I�9�MtL�CKj[O�BGI�B�Q�O>= IKo�=<L�9�]�A�hcF[I�B�B3LRHJ=N�G� L>= C�LR95B,FJL�9<= Q�I79)9<L/=5D�IKB3C�LRB�h:ANTK�MWI7h5= u�TGL�HJL/=MPL�M�o,9\L/=iCKjkT4B�L Mt�RMWL.Q>IKM�M�T�BGANT�h5O#H�FSB7?�T�FJ=\hcFJuUTGL#A�D,DG9<L�B,BGL�B�h�n%CKF�9<L%|}A>Q>Lmn%Q>LR95hcA�FSB�L>=�=-FSh�T�A�hcFJI7B3=iCKA�B�=HJL/=<usT7L/HSH[L>=�F�HJ=�=<I�B,h�HJL/=W=)T4{[L�h5=�CKj~T�B3L�Q>LR9)hcA�F�B3L!?�A�MWMPLC�L�=-hcF�M�T�HSA�hcF[I�B�=W=<LRB3=<I79-FJL�H�HJL/=-Y#IKT�C�L�Q>LR95hcA�FSB�=��=\hcFSM*T4H�F���Y�Q>I7MWMPL#_0T4F�B3LmHJL/=1A�DGDGLRHSH[L#D,A�9\|�I�F[=�ÍwÎ�²¯±xª[ª�±�²¯µ/§�µ/²¯ª�Âc§¯©[¨cµ�ª[©¯«<·#³~©¹·¯Æ�¦�©J¨cª�©¯½6¦s±�±x¨cªG¦s·>±c¬�µ2À5«<·K¼1«)¦�§/Åt¦R©¯·>±Ä¶�±Æsµ/§xµ/·�ª[©¯§�Ïl³�µ�¬�«5©[¨�³-à «<È ÉK±c²¯ª[©¯´c©JªzÂ�±xª�³\à ®/«5¸m«~Æ�Âc·/¯©Jª¹Â�¶�±x¨�©¹·S¼w¦>ª¹¨�¨�±c·6¨�«<§¯©¹±x³~¨�¶�«<·/·6µ/·6ªa³~©¹±x¦ µ�¦�¨cµ�´-«5©¹§x¾�Ŧs±x³S³[±*½6¦�±�¨�«5©Jª³-à ©¯¶<©¹«)¨ º�·>²�§xµ�¨�©¯±N¼1§c« ¼1§c±vÏp²¯®>µ/²¯¦�· ¶�±x¨y³~©JµN©[¨�«<·6¨@¶�±x¨@§cÂc²¯± ¼wª�±x¦�§x¨Ä¨�±c·6¨}«<§¯©¯±x³�¨wµ�¦6Ð�·/±x¦�§c«<·/±x¨�Á�½6¦�±x³�³[±y½6¦s±v¨�«5©[ª�³-à ±[Ð<¼1Âc§¯©¯±c·/²x±y´5Âc²¯¦�±¶�±�²¯®>µ/²¯¦�·.¶�µ/·6¨y¶�±x¨�¨�©[ª¯¦>µ�ª[©¹«<·6¨Ä¨�©S¸i©[³SµN©¹§c±x¨�Á4³�±7¨cµ/´-«5©¹§3³[±2¼w³S¦>¨v©S¸i¸mÂc¶<©Jµ�ªv½6¦�à «<·K¼1±x¦>ª�±c·#µ/´-«5©¯§Ä±x¨xªv¶�ÂÉ�Ï.²x«�¸i¸:¦s·%±xª,«2È ÉK±c²Jª[©¬�γ[±w³�µ/·¯Æ�µ¹Æ�±�¼wµ/§xª¯µ¹ÆKÂ1¶�µ�·6¨1³�±c½6¦s±x³�«<·a§xµ�¼�¼1«<§xª�±w³[±x¨2¬�µN©Jª¯¨c¾Ä¿wµ/§1·/«)¦>¨yµ/´-«<·6¨1ª�«-¦>¨1µ�¼�¼1§¯©J¨1Ïa¶N©¯§c±1½�¦�à ¦U·a²�®/µ�ªy±x¨xªÄ¨c¦�§w³[±wª¹µ�¼�©J¨¶�µ/·6¨Ä¦�·>±�¨�©Jª¯¦/µ�ª[©¯«<·.¶�µ/·6¨Ä³Sµ/½6¦s±x³S³�±�·>«)¦/¨y´-« º�«<·6¨Ä¦�·#²¯®>µ�ª�¨c¦s§3³[±Gª¯µ�¼�©[¨�Á4¨cµ/·�¨y²�®/±c§c²¯®/±c§3Ï.²¯µ/§xµ/²¯ª¯Âc§¯©[¨�±c§�·>«5¨y¯ª¯µ�ª[¨�¸m±c·6ª¯µ�¦6Ы)¦²�±x¦NÐ�¶�¦ ³[«<²¯¦>ª�±x¦s§x¾UÑ�«-ª�«<·6¨yµ�¦>¨c¨�©�½�¦�±N¼1«)¦�§�³[±�¸#«�¸#±c·6ªÄ·/«)¦>¨y¨�«c¸i¸#±x¨Ä©¯·/¶<©¬�¬�Âc§c±c·6ª¹¨1½�¦>µ�·�ª�Ï%³\à «<·�ª�«)³[«kÆ�©¯±y§xµ�¼�¼1«<§xª�Âc±N¼wµ/§�³[±x¨Âc·>«2·>²�Âx¨ «<È�¨�±c§c´5µ�ª[©¹«<·>·/±x³S¨�Îy²¯±x¦6Ð�Ò¯²J©@§xµ�¼�¼1«<§xª�±c·6ª1¨}«)¦/¨�¬K«<§¯¸#± ¶N±1¸#«)ª¯¨�²x± ½�¦�©1±x¨�ª/¼1±c§[À}¦RÁ�¨cµ/·6¨m½6¦và «<·�¨cµ/²¯®�±iÏ*²¯± ·�©¹´-±xµ�¦�²x±½6¦và ±x¨cª,¦�·.²J®>µ�ª[Á,·�©7²x±�½�¦�à ±�¨cª�¦s·�ª¯µ�¼�©[¨c¾

Ó D,A�9)hcF�9�CKL�Q/L>= ONB3IKB�Q>O/=%I7o3=<LR95]KA�hcFJIKBGB�L�H[=-YwC�IKh5O>= C�L�Q�I7BGhcL�B�TlL�M�D,FS9-FJusTGL�=�T�9%H[L>uUTGL�H�h5I4T7=.H[L�=

Ô>Õ�ÖqÕ × Õ�ØyÙ�ÚSÛ�Ü<Ý/Þ�ß�à5á-ß>â[ã�ä¯å%æ�à)ß>ã�ç�ÝKè�é<êië�ìcÚ[í�î/Ü�Ý�ï�é�ð5ð\ÕSñ/ò�éNì¯ó�é<ìcí ô1Û�Ú ó�Ü2ì5ðcÚ�õSö.÷�ìcÜ�ð�ð5ÝUìcÜ5ó�Ú¯ðcÜ<í.Ü<í>Ú�õ¯Ú[ø�Û�ñGù<ú/ú�ûaü�õJì�é�í�Õ/ýxì-Õí>ÜÄïPÕ6è�þ�é)ó�Ü2þJÚ[Û�Ý�ÿ����Gä�ßRà5á-ß>â[ã����������� 2à)â[ã� �ÝN÷Ké<ìxÚ¯ðÄñ��>Ü-Ù�ÚSþ¯Ý��<ø�þ[þ�Õ�������ø�ìcí�ìcÜ����/Ú[þJø>ð}ø�����Ú��NÙ�Ü��ÝKù<ú>ú��sÕ �Õ�!1ø�Ú�ì3ðcø�Û í/Ü)ì�Û�Ú[Ü)ì�þ[Ú~ó�ìcÜ�é2Ùiõ¯Ú~õ[ìcÜ�õ[ì#"�ð,Ü%$��>þ[Ú��<Ú�õ¯Üiñ%&,à-ä�')(�ã[â*'iß�[ß�á�ãJä�á,+<â��%-�+%��Ý>èvé<êië�ì�ÚJí/î>Ü�Ý6ï�é6ð�ð-Õ�ñ2ò1é�ì¯ó�é2ìcí1ô1Û�Ú~ó�Ü<ì5ð}Ú~õSö÷�ìcÜ�ð�ð5Ý�ù-ú>ú/.�Õ

Page 3: Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme a l’ epist emologie ... · Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme a l’ epist emologie naturalis ee Bruno Ambroise To cite this version: Bruno

MPL�M�o,9\L/=C�L�HSA Q/IKMWM*T�BGANT�h5OlH�FSB�?�T�FJ=-hcF¯usT7L�D3L6T�]�L�BGh�=-jSA>Q/Q>I�9<C�LR9)Ym]4IKB,hW=<LlQ/I�B3=�hc9�T�FS9<L C�L/=ORBGI�B3Q�O/=hcE3O�I79-FJusT7L/=-Y3C�I7BGBGA�B�h1H�FJL6Ttn�C�L/= h5L�9-MPL>=�DGHkT7= A�o�=-hc9-A�FSh5=-Y�=-A�B3=�9)A�D,DGI�9-hiCKFS9-L>QRh1n HSjJL6��D3O�9-F[L�B3Q�LRYGMWI,C�O�H�FJ=<O/LQ>I7M�MPL L�HSH[L.HSj[L>=-h�D,A�9iH[L>= O�BGI7BGQ>O>= IKo�=<L�9�]�A�hcF[I�B�B3LRHJ=N��� LND�L�B3CKA�B�h1Q>L/=iORBGI�B3Q�O/=�hxE�O>IK9-FJusT7L/= I�BGhÄh5IKT�{JIKT�9<=T�BHSF[L�B,YGDGHkT7=mIKTPMtI7FSB3= ORhc9)I�F�hcY�DGHkT7=#I4TtMPI�F�B3= H�¡>Q�E�L�Y�AN]4L/Q HJL/=#O�B�IKB3Q/O>= I�o�=<L�9�]�A�hcF[IKBGB3LRHJ=-Y,D�T�FJ=<usTGL�Q>L/=C�L�9-B,FJL�9<=#=2I�B�h1HJL6T49<=#=2LNTGHJ=m|5I�B�C�L�MPL�B,h5=���T�B�O�B�IKB3Q/O h�EGO>I�9-F[u�TGL�=<Lp{�T7=-hcF[|�FJL�LRB�C�LR9)B,FJ;R9\LpFSB�=-hcA�B3Q/L DGA�9 H[LHSF[L�B�DGA�9-hcFJQ6T4H�FJLR9�u�T�j[FSH1L�BGhc9<LRhcFJL�B�hmAN]4L>Q*HJL/=�O�B�IKB3Q/O>= I�o�=-L�9�]�A�hcFJI7BGB�L�HJ=���F�H�C�I7FSh D3LR95MPL�h�hc9<LWLNB�L>|�|5LNh%CKj[L�B9<L�B�CK9)L.Q>IKM�D�h5L�Y�C�L#H[L>=iL6��DGHSF[u�TGL�91ANTW=<LRFSBPCUTW=�rs=-h5;RMtL.L�hÄANT7=<=\F4C�L.C�I�B,B3L�9yHSF[LNT�n%C�LmB3I4T�]4LRANT���O�B�I�B3Q/O>=I�o�=<L�9�]�A�hcF[I�B�B�L�HJ=p`[HJL>=�DG9<O>CKF[Q�hcFJI7B3=#usT�F3Q>I7B3|}FS9-MtLRBGh1H�A.]4A�H�FJC�F�h5O�C�LpHSjJORB3I7B3Q>OphcEGO>I79)F[u�TGL H[I�9<=<usT4j[L�H[HJL/=#=<I7BGhAN]4OR9\O/L>=cgN�a�iL>=�ORBGI�B�Q>O>=�hxE�O�I�9-FJusTGL>=�uUT�FP|5I�9-MPL�B,hlHJL =�rs=\h5;�MPL£C�L HSA£=2Q�FJLRB3Q/L£=<I7BGh LNB L>|�|5LRh C�L>=FSB�=-hc9�T4MPL�B�h5=*D3I4T49�D,9\O/CKFS9<LqHSj[LN��DGOR9)F[L�B�Q�L�|zT4h�T�9<LqnHSAqH�T4M�FJ;R9\L�C�LqHSj[LN��D�O�9-FJLRBGQ>LqDGA>=2=<O>Ls�@� L/=WONB�IKB3Q>O/=hcE3O�I79-FJusT7L/=WI7BGh�C�I7B3QqoGL�H#LRh�oGF[L�B�T�B�H�FJLRB�AR]4L>QqH�A�9<ORA�HSFSh5Op�iQ�j[L>=-h�=�T49�Q>L�hch5Lqo,A>=<L�u�TGL�=<LlC�O>|}FSB,FSh�H¯LE3I7HSF[=-MtLaC�L H�A�=<Q�F[L�B3Q�LRYGIKTPHJLaQ�A�9-A>Q�h5;N9<L.?�ONB�O�9-A�HSF[=<O�C�LpHSA�C�O�D�L�B�CKA�B�Q>L�CKL H�A hxE�O>IK9-FJLRY�r�Q/I�M�D,9)F[= HSA D,H~TG=A�o3=\hc9)A�F�h5L�u�T�F=<I7FSh `[h5L�HSH[L>=�HSA�H[IK?�F¯u�TGL�IKT HJL/=�MWA�hcE�O�M�A�hcFJusT7L/=cg-Y�]�FJ=2fcn>f�]�FJ= C�L H�jJLN�KD3O�9-F[L�B3Q/L��W� L�h�h5LC�O�D�L�B�CKA�B�Q>L*?�ONB3OR9)A�H�FJ=<O/L�AWDGI4T49�Q�I�B�=<O>usT7LRB3Q/LWusT7LP|}A>Q>L�n*T4B�L�A�B�IKMWA�H�FJLRYiu�T�jJLRHSHJLP=2I�FSh.hcE3O�I79-FJusT7L�`[H[LC�ON]�L�HJI7DGD�LNMtLRB�h�=2Q�FJLRB�hcFJ|}FJusT7L 9<LRB3Q>I7B�hc9<L�T�B3L Q�I�B�hc9-A6CKF[Q�hcF[I�B�g�IKT L�M�D,FS9-FJusT7L `[HJL>=�I7o3=<LN9�]�A�hcF[I�B�=�BGLQ>I7B3Q�I79\C�LNB,hiD,A>=.AN]4L>Q�H[L>=.D,9\O/CKFJQRhcFJI�B�=�g-Y�HJL�=2Q�FJLRBGhcF[|cFJusTGL�A�HJL*Q�E3I7F~��C�L�M�IGCKFJ|}FJLR9%H[L�=�rs=\h5;�MPL�hcE�O�I�9-FJusTGLI��PFSH�H[L�=<I4T4E,A�FSh5L�����T�F�=2uUT7Lph5IKT�hiO�B3IKB�Q>ORY3usT7LRHSHJLau�TGL�=<I�F�hi=-A DGH�A>Q>LaCKA�B3= H[L�=)rs=-h5;RMtLRY3L>=\hi=<I�H�FJCKA�FS9<LpAN]4L>Qh5IKTG= H[L>= ANT�hc9<L>=-Y7T4B�Q�EGA�B7?�L�MPL�B�h1n.T�B�L�B�CK9)I7FShiCUT=�rs=-h5;RMtLpA�C�L>= 9<ORDGL�9<QNTG=<=-F[I�B3=m=�T49 h5I4T4h1H[L�=�r�=-h5;�MPL.�I�B�D3L6T4h CKI�B3Q�Q�E,A�B7?�L�9�n�DGLNT�DG9<;>=pnWB,jSFSM*D3I�9�h5LPu�TGL�HiLRB3CK9-I�FSh C�L�|cA>Ë>I7B n�9<O>=<I4T7CK9<L*HSj�A�B3I�M�A�HSF[L��w� LBGj[L>=-h�C�IKB3Q�D,A>=|5I79<Q>ONMPL�B�h�H�jJO�BGI7B3Q�O�HJL�DGHkT7=t�:DG9<I�QNE�Li��C�LlH�jSA�BGI�M�A�HSF[L usT�F�C�I7FShW�Rhc9\L�MPIGCKFJ|}FJORY%B,F|5I79<Q>O�M�L�B�h�HJL DGHkT7= I7o3=<LN9�]�A�hcF[I�BGB�L�H���F�HPD3L6T4h�MW��MPL A�9)9-Fk]4L�9 u�T�jJI7B =<I�F�h�|cI79\Q/O�C�L M�IGCKFJ|}FJLR9�HJL/=M�A�hcE3ONM�A�hcFJusT7L/=-Y�]4I�F�9\LqH�AHJI4?�FJuUTGL�usTGF#=<L�=-FSh�TGLqANT�=<I�M�MPLNh�CUT�=�r�=-h5;NMtL�`¯L�B Q>L=2L�B3=�usT4j[L�HSH[L�L>=-haHSA=<QRFJL�B�Q>L usT4F�A.HJL.MPI�F�B3= C�L.9-A�D�D3IK9-hyANT��WONB3IKB�Q>O/=:IKo�=<L�9}]�A�hcFJI7BGB�L�HJ=}g-Y�MWA�F[=:Q/L�H�A�L/=-h�hc9<;>=�FSM*DG9<IKoGA�o,HJL�`[L�B9-A�FJ=<I7BtCUTWQ�I7B3=<LR95]KA�hcFJ=-MPL%usT�F4QRA�9)A>QRh5O�9-FJ=2L#H�A%=<Q�F[L�BGQ/L<gN�

� L DGHkT7=-Y Q>LRhch5L =-hc9�TGQ�h�T�9\L C�L H�A Q>I�B,BGA�F[=<=-A�B3Q/L 9<L�MPL�h LRB QRANT7=<L HSA CKFJ=-hcF�B3Q�hcF[I�BA�BGA�Hkr�hcF[u�TGL��=�r�BGhcE�O�hcFJusTGL��Î ³[±x¨!Âc·>«<·/²¯Âx¨�µ/·6µ�³º1ª[©¹½6¦s±x¨W¨}«<·6ª*²¯±¯¦NÐ ½6¦/©�¨�«<·�ª*²x«<·�¨�©¯¶�Âc§c¯¨P´-§xµN©[¨P±c· ¬K«<·>²¯ª[©¯«2·�¶�±0³�±x¦�§¨�© ÆK·�©¬�©¯²¯µ�ª[©¹«<· ���@¦s·�²xÂx³k©¯È�µ�ª¯µR©¯§c±i±x¨cªy¦�·�®s«5¸i¸m±i·>«2·>Ò[¸:µ/§x©¹Â�����µ�³[«<§x¨�½6¦�±1³[±x¨�Âc·>«<·/²xÂx¨�¨ ºi·�ª[®�Âxª[©¹½6¦�±x¨�¶�«5©¯´-±c·�ª-¬�µN©¯§c±�µ�¼/¼1±x³�ϳ-à ±[Ð<¼1Âc§¯©¯±c·/²x±,¼1«)¦�§��xª�§c±�´5µ�³~©¹¶�Âx¨c¾��#·�¶�©[ª%¨�«-¦�´-±c·6ªp½6¦s±�¨�±x¦>³�¨�³�±x¨a¶�±c§c·�©¯±c§x¨aµ/²x²�§c«5©[¨c¨�±c·6ª.³Sµ�²�«<·/·6µN©J¨c¨cµ/·/²x±x¾�¥y«)¦s§wÅP¦>©¹·>±¯Á·>Âxµ/·N¸#«5©¹·6¨�Á�¦s· Âc·/«<·>²�Â�µ/·>µ�³º1ª[©¹½6¦�±*·Gà ±x¨cªv¼wµ�¨�´-§xµ�©a±c· ´-±c§xª¯¦�¶�±�¨cµl¨�© ÆK·�©¬�©¹²�µ�ª[©¹«<·�Á.¸:µR©J¨�±c·�§xµ�©[¨�«<·�¶�±�³Sµp¼1«)¨�©Jª�©¯«<·¼wµ/§xª[©¹²�¦/³~©¯»c§c±Ä½6¦�à ©[³�«<²�²¯¦[¼1±3µ�¦.¨�±¯©¯· ¶�¦ ¨ º1¨cª�»¯¸ ±x¾,¿ à ±x¨xª\¼wµ/§c²x±�½�¦�à ©J³,±x¨cª�ª�±c·�¦�¼1«)¦s§c¬�«2·>¶6µN¸m±c·6ª¯µ�³���«)¦�¼wµ/§c²�±�½>¦�à «<·#µ%µ�¼/¼1§¯©J¨yϳ[±wª¹±c·N©¯§�¼1«)¦s§-¬�«<·/¶�µN¸#±c·6ª¹µ�³ � µ�¦�¨�±¯©¯·a¶6¦a¨ º�¨cª¹»¯¸m±1½6¦�à ¦�·aÂc·>«<·/²xÂ1´5µ��xª�§c±y²x«2·6¨�©¯¶�Âc§cÂy²�«5¸i¸m±1·>Âc²¯±x¨�¨cµN©¯§c±¯¸m±c·6ªy´-§xµN©���·>«2·G¼wµ�¨¼wµ/§c²�±1½6¦�à ©J³�³S¦R©�¨�±c§xµN©Jª�©[¸�¼1«-¨c¨�©¯È�³[±1¶�à �xª�§c±1²�«<·6ª�§c±c¶<©[ªy«)¦v¼wµ/§c²x±1½�¦�à ©¯³v·>±�¼1«)¦s§c§zµN©Jª6¼�µ�¨��xª�§c±1²�«<·6ªz§c±c¶<©JªN¼wµ�¨1³\à ±[Ð<¼1Âc§¯©¯±c·/²x±1±c·a²x±¨�±c·6¨@½6¦và ±x³�³�±w·/±v³\à µ ¬S¬�±c²[ª�±c§xµN©Jª2¼wµ�¨�Á�¸:µN©[¨�¼wµ/§c²�±y½6¦�±�¨cµ ²�«<·6ªz§xµ/¶<©¯²¯ª[©¯«-· Âc½6¦R©¯´5µ>¦s¶�§xµ�©[ª<¼1«-¦�§y·>«)¦/¨wÏ.¦�·/±w§c±¯¸�©J¨�±y±c·%²¯µ�¦>¨�±3ªz«)ª¯µ�³¶�¦ ¨ º1¨cª¹»¯¸#±y½6¦�©�±x¨cª,³[±y·��5ª�§c±¯Á�¶�±�·/«)ª�§c±3¨�²[®�»¯¸#±Ä²x«<·/²¯± ¼wª¯¦s±x³S¾��%µ ¶<©[¨xª�©¯·>²¯ª[©¹«<· ±c·6ª�§c±ÄÂc·>«<·/²xÂ�µ/·6µ�³º�ª�©¯½6¦s±w±¯ªÄÂc·>«<·/²¯Â�¨º�·6ª¹®/Âxª[©¯½�¦�±·>±1§cÂx¨�©¹¶�±1¶�«<·>²N¼wµ�¨�¶�µ/·6¨1¦U·a§xµ[¼�¼1«<§xªy¶<©¬S¬KÂc§c±c·6ª�Ï ³�µa§cÂxµ�³~©JªzÂ1±¯¸�¼�©�§¯©¯½�¦�±¯Á�½>¦R©w·,à µ�¦s§zµN©JªÄµ�¦�²¯¦�·/±�©¯·/²J©�¶�±c·>²�±w¨c¦�§w³�µa´-Âc§¯©Jª�Â1¶�¦¼1§c±¯¸i©¹±c§3¸ µN©J¨@¶�Âxª�±c§¯¸i©¹·>±c§xµR©Jª�³Sµp´-Âc§¯©Jª�Ây¶�¦ ¨�±c²x«2·>¶<Á�¸:µN©[¨1¶�µs·6¨y¦�·�±y¶<©¬S¬KÂc§c±c·>²�±w¶�±y¶�± Æ�§cÂy½6¦/µ/·6ª�Ï.³Sµp²x±c§xª[©[ª¯¦�¶�±�µ/´-±c²3³Sµ/½�¦�±x³�³[±·>«-¦>¨i³�±x¨iª¹±c·>«2·6¨�¼1«-¦�§i´-§xµN©�Î�³[±�¨�±c²�«<·/¶G¼1«)¦s§c§xµ��xª�§c±/¼w³S¦>¨6¬sµ/²[©J³�±¯¸ ±c·6ª@§c±¯¸i©J¨�±c·�²�µ�¦/¨�±i½6¦s±�³�±>¼1§c±¯¸i©¹±c§i½�¦�©�¨�±c§xª1¶�±1¨�«-²�³�±�Ϫ�«)¦/ª�·/«}ªz§c±7¨}²¯®�»¯¸#±�²¯«2·>²�± ¼wª¯¦�±x³~¾

� L�hch5L�9<LNM�FJ=<L�L�B QRANT7=2LWCUT C�IK?�MPL�C�L*HSjSA�B,A�H~r�hcFJQ�F�h5OW=\jSA�Q>Q>I7M�DGAN?�B�LWC�L�H�A�9<L�M�FJ=<L*L�B QRANT7=<L�CUTC�IK?�MPL%CUT�9<O>CUTGQ�hcF[I�B,BGFJ=\MtL.u�T�FKDG9<O�h5LNB�C�D3I4T�]4I7FS919<O>CUT�FS9<LmHSj[L�B3=2L�M�oGHJL.C�L>=�O�BGI7BGQ>O>=�C�L#H�A%=<QRFJL�B�Q>Lmn%C�L>=Q>I7B3=-h�9�T7QRhcFJI7B3=�9)O�A�H�FJ=<O/L>=�n�D,A�9)hcF�9 C�L�HSj[LN��D�O�9-FJLRB3Q>Ls��_0T4F�B3L�]�A�MtI7BGh�9\LR9 usT7L�h5IKT�h5L>=�HJL/=lh5LRB�hcA�hcF~]4L/=L�B,hc9)LRDG9-FJ=<L/= {~TG=<usT7L/fcH[n D3I4T49#L/|5|5L/Q�h�TGL�9#Q�L�hchcL 9<L/Q�I�B3=�hc9�TGQNhcFJI�B�=-jSA�D�D7T4F[L�B,hi=�T49#C�L/= h5L�9�MtL/= FS9-9<O>CUTGQ�hcF�oGHJL/= nHSj[LN��D�O�9-FJLRB3Q/L/��wA�9<fcHSn.FSHGLRBGh5LRB3C*MWI�B,hx9<L�9 u�TGL.HSAm]4OR9)F[|cF[Q>A�hcF[I�BCKjkT4BORBGI�B3Q/O.A�B,A�H~r�hcFJusT7L.B�L =<L |cA�F�hwD,A>=iD,A�9T�B3L =<LNT�HJL Q�H�A>=<=<L CKjJON]�;�B3LRMtLRBGh5= =<L�B�=)I79-FJL�H[= D�IG=<=-F�oGH[L>=-Y�Q>LRHSHJL usT4F�Q>I79)9<L/=-D3I7B3CU9)A�F�h ANTK� h�r�D�L>=CKjJO6]4;�B�L�MPLNBGh5= A>CKM�FJ=<=\FSoGH[L>= D,A�9�Q/L�h�ORBGI�B�Q�O�Y LRh�usT4j[L�B |}A�FSh h5IKT�h¤ONB3IKB3Q/O BGjJL/=-h�D,A>= ]4O�9-F[|cFSA�o,HJLFSB�CKF~]�F[CKTGL�H�HJL�MPL�B,hcYiM�A�FJ=�o,FJLRB�DGHkT4h��7h�u�TGL�� B3I,=�A>|5|}FS9<M�A�hcFJI7B3=�=�T�9�HJL!MtI7B3C�LL6��hcO�9-FJL6T49�|5I7BGh�|}A>Q>LPANThc9-FSo7T4B,A�HwC�L�HSj[LN��DGOR9-FJL�B�Q�L �"!$#.LNB�hcA�B,h:usT7L*Q>I�9�D3= Q�I7B3=�hcFSh�TGOi�&%1Ñ�«)¦>¨�§c±ÉK«5© ÆK·>«<·�¨#±c·7¬sµN©Jª1³�Ï�³�±�®�«-³~©J¨�¸m±i¶�±i³Sµ

'�Õ�!1ø�Ú[ì ��(*)1ø,+ ø�î>ê#é�ð.ø�ý.-�ê ��Ú�ìxÚ��<Ú¯ðcê ��ÝÄÚSÛ &,à-ä�' ��ÿ�ä0/Kâ�+%�/wÞ�ä/â�-�ã1ä¯å21�â��43vÝ1è ��é,�/õxÕ6575zÝyè�é<êië�ì�Ú[í>î/Ü�ÝÄï�é�ð5ð\Õiñò1é�ì¯ó�éNìxí�ô�Û�Ú~ó�Ü<ì5ðcÚ�õSö ÷KìcÜ�ð5ð�ÝGù<ú/.��>Ý�����Õ>û98�:<;9= ü�õJìcéNí�Õ�ýxì�Õ�÷GÕ9>5é��<ø<ë�? ��Õ��Gé2Ù�î>Ú[Ü<ìcÝ��@+iÜ-Ù�$#í/ø�î>ê#ÜNð�í>Ü1þ<A Ü<ê ��ÚSì�Ú¯ðcê#Ü�>Ý�Ú�ÛB ß �Gä/â -�ã��/����ß/��[ä4/�âDC/ß��6Ý6÷�é<ì�Ú¯ð�ñ�!yìxÚ�Û�Ý�����ÕE;�ú9:GFRû�Õ>ÕH�Õ ��(*)1ø%í�ø�î/ê#é6ðyøRý�-3ê ��ÚSìcÚ��<Ú¯ð�ê �>Ý �Rà)ãJI +�â�ãDISÝ ��ÕK;�ùNÕ�è�Ü\õSõ¯Ü é<ý¯ý�Ú¯ìxêmé-õ¯ÚJø�ÛaÜ�ð�õ,Ù>Û�ÜiìcÜ,��ìxÚ¯ðcÜNÝ �<ø�ê#ê#Ü þ[Ü ìcé%�/��Ü<þ�þJÜ ØyÙ�ÚSÛ�Ü�Ý

Page 4: Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme a l’ epist emologie ... · Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme a l’ epist emologie naturalis ee Bruno Ambroise To cite this version: Bruno

ª¯®sÂc«<§¯©¯±w¨�²[©¯±c·�ª[©¬�©¹½6¦�±�½6¦/©N¼1±c§¯¸#±xªyÏ1ÅP¦�©¹·>±i¶�à µ ¬S¬�©¯§x¸m±c§i½�¦�à ©[³Ä·Gú�µ�µ�¦s²�¦s·�¨�±c·6¨iÏ0¶<©J¨cª[©¹·¯Æ�¦�±c§�¦s·�²x«5¸U¼1«)¨cµ/·6ª\¬sµ/²¯ª¯¦s±x³�±¯ªw¦s·²�«5¸�¼1«)¨cµ/·�ª1³~©¹·¯Æs¦R©J¨cª[©¹½6¦s±#¶�µ/·6¨ ³Sµt´)Âc§¯©[ª� ¶�± ·Gà ©�¸K¼1«<§xª�± ½6¦s±x³yÂc·>«<·/²xÂx¾���»x¨ ³[«<§¯¨�Áw³�µ�¨�±x¦/³[±i¦�·N©Jª� ½�¦�©1µN©Jª1¦U·>±i¨�© ÆK·�©¬s©¹²�µ�ª�©¯«<·±¯¸�¼�©¹§¯©¯½>¦�±¯Á,²Nà ±¯¨cª�³Sµ#¨}²J©¹±c·>²�±¯Á�«)¦.³Sµm²�«<·>·�µN©J¨c¨cµ/·>²�±�±c·�¨}«<·�ª,±c·6ª[©¹±c§x¾

� L6T�� D�E�O�BGI�MP;NB3L/= =-jJLNB�=�T4Fk]4L�B,h C�L Q�LRhchzL QRA�9-A>QNhzOR9)F[=-A�hcFJI7B C�L HSA =<Q�F[L�B�Q�L � HSA =<IKTG=<fC�O�h5LR95M�FSB,A�hcFJI�B L�M�D,FS9-FJusTGL�C�L/=lhcE�O>IK9-FJL/= LRhH�jSFSB�=<Q�9�T�hcA�o,FSH�FSh5O `¯IKT H�jSFSB�C�O�h5LN9-M�FSBGA�hcF[IKBGY�Q�I�M*MtL�_�T�FSB�LDG9<O/|5;�9-L C�O>=<I79-MWA�F[=:CKF�9<L<g C�L.HSA 9<O>|�O�9<L�B�Q>L CKjJI �tC�O>Q/IKT�HJL.CKFS9<L>QRh5L�MPLNBGhyHSA.9<L�HSA�hcFk]4F�h5O C�L.HSj[I�BGh5I7HJI4?sF[L����UFGI�BB3L.D�LNT�h�DGA>= C�ORh5L�95M�FSB�L�9iLRB|cA>Q>L CKjkT4B�L LN��D3OR9-FJLNB3Q/L.9<O�QNA�HJQ�F�hc9-A�BGh5L usT7LRHGO�B3I7B3Q/O C�I7FSh1��h�9\L.M�IGCKFJ|}FJORYGQ�jJL/=-husT7L�HJL�9-A�D,D3I�9�h�C�L�HSA�hcE3O/I�9-FJL�n�H�jJL6��D3OR9)F[L�B�Q>LlL/=-h�MPO�CKFSA�hcF[=<O ��FSH L>=-h�MPO>CKFSA�hcF[=<O�D,A�9WH�jJL�B�=<L�M�oGH[LlC�L>=O�B�IKB3Q/O>=qhcE3O�I79)F[u�TGL>=�LRhtI7o3=<LR95]KA�hcFJI�B�B�L�H[= �.FSH B,j~r�A�C,I�B3Q�D,A>=�C�L�9\LRHSA�hcF[I�B |cFk�4L�L�h�FSM�MPO>CKFSA�h5L�C�L/=O�B�IKB3Q/O>= AN]�L>Q*HSA�9\ORA�HSF�h5O �yIKT L�B�Q>I79\LRY�Q/L�H�HJL>f�Q�FyBGj[L>=-h#A�D�D,9<O�EGL�B�C�O�LWusT�jSA�TlMPIKr�L�B�C�L>=�ORB3IKB�Q>O>=aIKT CUT=<QRE3;�MPLQ�I7B3Q/LNDGh�TGL�H:CKA�B�=�=<I7B�L�B�=<L�M*oGHJLs�w�#h�C�I7BGQPH�A ¼1«)¨c¨�©¯È<©[³~©JªzÂ%L>=-h�I,|5|5LR9-h5LC�LP9-A�D,D3IK9-h5LN9�HSAPMP��MPL9<O�A�H�FSh5OqANT�MtI4rsLRB¢CKjkT4B�LqhxE�O>IK9-FJL�CKFJ|�|5OR9\LRBGh5Ls� � FSh�ANT�hc9<L�MPL�B�h1�1I�B DGLNT�h�=2LMPL�h�hc9<L�CKjSA>Q>Q�I79<C�=�T�9�HJL/=MP��MPL>=1O�B�IKB3Q/O>=1I�o�=<LN9�]�A�hcFJI7BGBGLRHJ=iLRh�D3IKT�91ANT�hcA�BGh�HJL/=iL2��D,HSFJusTGL�9iC�L.|cA>Ë>I7BtCKF[|5|�O�9<L�B�h5L/=iQ�A�9yBGIG=�=<Q�E�;NMtL/=Q>I7B3Q�LRDGh�TGL�HJ=mu�T�FGD�L�9-MWL�h�h5L�B�hiQ/L>=�D�9<O>CKF[Q�hcFJI7B3= =<I7B�hcYGIKTWD�LNTK]4L�B,h��Rhc9\LNY,HJI4?sF[u�TGL�MPL�B,h1F~B3Q/IKMWD,A�hcFSoGH[L>=N���1AhcE3;/=<L C�L _0T4F�B3Lm]4L6T4h1C�I�B�Q u�T�jJI7BPD�T�FJ=<=<LaQ>I7B3=-hc9�T�FS9<L C�L>= =<QRE3;�MPL>= Q/I�B3Q�LRDGh�TGL�H[=:CKF[|5|�O�9<L�B,h5=in.DGA�9-hcF�9:CUTMP��MPLPL�B3=2L�M�o,HJLCKj[ONB3I7BGQ>O>=*IKo3=<LR95]KA�hcFJI�B�B�L�H[=-Y:QRjJL>=\h5fcn�f5CKFS9<Lqu�T�jJI7B�D�T�FJ=2=<LLRB�|cF�B�C�LqQ�I�M�D,h5LPF~B3QRH~T�9<LCKA�B3= C�L/=:=\hc95TGQ�h�T�9<L>= Q>I7B3Q/L�D�h�TGL�HSH[L>= CKFJ|�|5OR9\LRBGh5L/=iH[L>=�MP��MPL>= I�o�=<L�9�]�A�hcF[IKB3=-Y�H�A#]4OR9-FSh5O CKj~T�BO�B�I�B�Q>O.B3L =2L]4OR9)F[|cF�A�BGh u�jkT4B�LP|5I�F[=�u�T�jSF[HiL>=\h%F�B3Q�HkT7=�CKA�B�=�H[L�h5IKT�h�CUT =�r�=-h5;�MPLPQ�I�BGQ/L�D�h�TGL�H¹�w�:LRHSA�¼1±x¦>ª C�IKBGB�LN9�H�FJLNT�nC�LNTK��L6��DGH�FJQ�A�hcF[I�B�=�=<Q�F[L�B�hcF[|cFJusTGL>=�LRMWD,FS9-FJusT7LRMtLRBGh�O/u�T�F~]�A�H[L�B,h5L>=�M�A�FJ=�H[IK?�FJuUTGL�MPL�B,h%F�B3Q/IKMWD,A�hcFSoGH[L>=N� ÓQ>LRHSA�=-j�A>{[IKT�h5L�HSj�FSB�=<Q�9�T�hcA�oGFSH[F�h5O�C�L�H�A�9<O>|5OR9<L�B3Q/L �.HSj�FSM�DGIG=<=-F�oGF�HSFSh5O�C�L�C�ORh5L�9-MWF�B3LR9)Yan�DGA�9-hcFS9lC�L/=l=<LNT�HJ=O�B�IKB3Q/O>=�IKo�=<L�9�]�A�hcF[I�B�B�L�HJ=\YwH[LNT�9 9\O/|5OR9\LRB3Q�Ls� � T =<LNT�H�ORB3I7BGQ>O0�:hcFJLNB�=.T�B H�A�DGF�B���YyB3I4T7=pB3L�=-AN]4I7B3= D,A>=usT7LRHJH[L�L/=-h1HSA 9<O>|�O�9<L�BGQ/L�QRA�9iDGHkT7=\FJLNT�9<=#=<I7BGh1A>CKM�FJ=<=-F�oGH[L>= �UT4BI7oG{[L�h1HSA�D,FSB,YGC�L>= h�9-A�B3Q�EGL/= h5LNM�DGI�9<L�H�HJL>=mC�LHSA�D,FSB,FSh5O�Y�H�jJL�B�=<L�M�oGH[L C�L H�jJLNB7]�FS9<I�B�B�L�MPLNBGh�MPI�F�B3= HSL>= 9\O6?�FJI�B�=£C�L H�A�DGFSB,FSh5ORY�LNh5Qs�����@L/=£ORBGI�B3Q�O/=I�o�=<L�9�]�A�hcF[I�B�B�L�HJ=�=<I�B�hyLNBtL/|5|5LRh�IKBGhcI�HJI4?�FJusT7LRMtLRBGh�B�LNT�hx9-L>= ��Q>L.=-I�B,hv=2LNT�HJL�MPL�B,h�HJL>=�O�B�IKB3Q>O/=yhcE3O�I79)F[u�TGL>=ANTK�4uUT7LRHJ=�F[HJ= =<I7BGhy9)A�D�D�IK9-h5O>=iusT�FK]4I�B,h�C�ORhzLR9)M�FSBGLR9iH�jJIKBGhcI�H[IK?�FJL usT�F�HJL>= =<I4T7=2fch5L�B�C,�UoG9<L>|}Y�HSjJIKB,hzI7HJI4?sF[L L>=-hh5IKT�{JI4T49<=@9\LRHSA�hcFk]4L#nmT�BWH�A�B�?�AN?�L.IKT�n#T�BP=�rs=-h5;RMtLmhcE3O/IK9-FJusT7LRY�nmT4B�L%L6��DGH�FJQRA�hcFJI�BP=<QRFJL�B,hcFJ|}FJusT7LRY�D7TGFJ=Nu�T�jJI7BB3L�D3L6T4h�DGA>=l¨�²�§x¦>ªz±c§�HSjJIKB,hzI7HJI4?sF[L�C�L/=lO�B�I�BGQ>O/=lI�o�=<LN9c]KA�hcFJI�B,B3LRHJ=q��Q/L>=lC�LR9)B,FJLR9\=�D3LNTK]4LRB�hPh5IKT�{JIKT�9<=A>CKMPL�hch�9\LaCKFJ|�|5O�9<LRBGhcL>=#I7B�h5I�HJI4?�FJL>=�D3IG=2=-FSo,HJL>=\Y3CKjSANT�hcA�BGh1D�HkT7=.usT4j[FSH[= D3L6T�]4L�B,h1h5IKT�{JI4T49<=#C�I7B�B3L�9 H�FJLNTPn�C�L>=hcE3O�I79-FJL>=�CKFJ|�|5OR9\LRBGh5L/= usT4F�=<I7BGhqHJL>=�]4OR9)F�hcA�oGH[L>=�C�O�h5L�9-M�FSB,A�BGh5L>=�C�L�HSj[I�B�h5I�H[IK?�FJLs���ij[L>=-h�C�IKB3Q L�B |}A�FShHSj�A�DGD,9\LRB�hcFJ=<=\AN?UL.CKj~T�BP=<Q�E�;�MPL#Q>IKB�Q>L�D�h�TGL�HKDGA�9-hcF[QNT�HSFJLR9iu�T�FKB3IKTG=i|}A�FSh�D�IG=<LR91HSA#9<O/|5ON9<L�BGQ/L%C�L B�IG=1ORBGI�B3Q�O/=I�o�=<L�9�]�A�hcF[I�B�B�L�HJ= Q/I�M�MPL�C�L>= I�o,{JLRh5= ��BGI�hc9-L HSA�B7?sAR?�L DGA�9-hcFJQ6T4H�FJL�9 `��:D,A�9\I7FJ=<=\FSA>H���CKFS9-A _0T4F�B3L<g =<LCKFJ=\hcFSB�?�TGL�L�B¤L>|�|5L�haDGA�9�T�B3LqD�IG=-h�T�HSA�hcF[I�B¤CKjJI7oG{JLRh5=�F�B3CUF~]�F[CKTGL�H[=PuUT4F#|�A�FSh�usT7LqB3I4T7=*A�DGD,9<O�E3LRB3CKI�B�=�H[LMPI�B3CKL�L�Blh5LR95MPLWCKj[IKoG{JLRh5=-Y1LNh#BGI�BlD,A>=�LRB h5LN9-MPL>=�C�L*Q>IGIK9<C�I7B�B3O>L/=�=-D,A�hcF[IGf}hzLRMWDGI79\LRHSH[L>=-Y1L�h%usTGL�D,A�9B3I,=iONB�IKB3Q>O/=1IKo3=<LR9�]�A�hcFJI7BGBGL�H[=1D,A�9)H�A�BGh�C�LmHSA�DGF�B3=-YUB3IKTG=1|cA�F[=<I�B�=19<O>|�O�9<LNB3Q/L n%C�L/=1FSB�CKF~]�F[CUT7=2fcHSA�D,FSB�=N�

��jJL>=\h�LNB�L>|5|�L�h�HSjJI7oG{[L�h#C�L0HSA�hcE3O�I79)F[L�LNB =<IKB�B,F~]4LRANT�HJL*DGHkT7=.9-A>|�|cFSB�O�usT7L�C�L*|cA�FS9<L�H[L�D3I7FSB,h�=)T49HSj[L�B7?sAN?�LRMtLRBGh�I�B�h5I7HJIK?�F[u�TGL%LRhwC�L��#|cA�FS9<LmHJL MPO�B,AN?�L%CKA�BG=@HJL>=@hcANT7CKF[=iI7BGh5I�H[IK?�FJusTGL>=��RY4=<LRHJI7BWH�jJLN�KD�9\L/=<=-F[I�BC�L�_0T4F�B3Lp��HJL�90��H[L�F~B3=\F~?�B3L�C�L*Q�HSA�9-F[|cFJQRA�hcFJI7B C�L�HSj[IKBGhcI�H[IK?�FJL�LRB�?�AN?�O>L�CKA�B�=mT4B�=<Q�EG;RMtL�Q>IKB�Q>LND,h�T7LRHwL>=-hL�B�L>|�|5LNh%CUTl9<L>=2=<IK9-h%C�L*HSA*HJIK?�F[u�TGL��,��j[I�B,hzI7HJIK?�F[L�B,jJL>=�h#L�B�L>|�|5LNh#D,A>=.T�B3L�usTGL>=-hcF[I�B I79\CKF�BGA�F�9\L0� I�B�]KFShAN]4L/Q#H�jJI�B,h5I�H[IK?�FJL.C�L#BGI7hx9<LmHSA�B7?sAN?�L.=-A�B3=�=<LmDG9<O>I,Q�QNT�D3L�91C�L.=-A ]�A�H[L�T�9iIKTWC�L.Q>Lmn%usT7I7F4LRHSHJLmB3I4T7=�L�B7?sAN?�L��L�hQ/L�=<IKB,h=<LNT�HJLRMtLNB,hC�L>=qo3L/=<I�F�B3=lC�L�QRHSA�9-FJ|}FJQRA�hcF�I7B�=<QRFJLRB�hcFJ|cF[u�TGL>=�usTGF�D3I4T7=2=<L�B,hPn�C�O�h5L�9�MWF�B3LR9HSj[I�B,hzI7HJIK?�F[L�]4O�9-FShcA�o,HJL CKjkT4B H�A�B�?�AN?�L =<Q�F[L�BGhcF[|cF[uUT7L C�I7BGBGO�� ��I�M�MPL&HSA&HJI4?�FJusT7L L/=-h£9<LRHSA�hcF~]�L&A�TC�ON]�L�HJI7DGD�LNMtLRB�h:CKj~T�Bl=<Q�E�;�MPL�Q�I�B3Q/LNDGh�TGL�H�DGA�9-hcF[QNT�HSFJLR9%C�I�B,h:LRHSHJL�L/=-hiH�jSA�o3I4T4hcF[=<=<LRMtLRBGhcY�HJL/= ]�A�H[LNT�9<= uUT7LDG9<LRB�B3LNBGh.=<L>=�]�A�9-FSA�oGH[L>=a=<I�B,h#DG9<I�D�9<L/= n�T�B3L*hcE3O/IK9)F[L�D,A�9-hcFJQNT�HSF[;�9<L�� � L�h5LRHSHJL�=<I79)h5L�usT4j[I�B�D3IKT�959-AWCKF�9<LusT7Lp���Rhc9<L�Y�Q�j[L>=-hi�Rhc9)LaHSAp]�A�HJL6T49%CKj�T�B3Lp]�A�9-FSA�o,HJL���Y�ANT�=<L/B3=.I��H�A�Q�H�A�9-FJ|�FJQRA�hcFJI�B�H[IK?�FJusT7L�C�LaB3I,=#hcE�O�I�9-FJL/==<QRFJL�B,hcFJ|}FJusT7L/=�C�O�h5LR9-MWF�B3L�9-A T�B Q>LN9-hcA�FSB&BGI�M�o,9<L¤C�L�]�A�9-FSA�o,HJL/=�C�LN]�A�BGh���hc9)L =-A�hcF[=<|cA�F�h5L>=�CKA�B�=�Q/L�hch5LLN�KDGHSF[Q�A�hcF[I�BlD,A�95hcFJQ6T4H�FJ;R9\L*C�L�HSA�9<O�A�H�FSh5O����:LRHSA�=-Fk?sB,FJ|�FJL*u�T3L�H�A�HJIK?�F[uUT7L�C�ORh5L�9-M�FSB3LRY�L�B CKL�9-BGF[;�9-L�FSB�=-hcA�B3Q�LRYHJL/= L�B7?sAN?�LRMtLRBGh5=.I�BGhcI�H[IK?�FJusTGL>= CKj~T�BlH�A�B�?�A�?�L�D,A�9)hcF[QNT�HSF¯L�9-YwusT�FSYw=-j�FSHwORhcA�FSh#CKFJ|�|5OR9\LRBGhcY�DGI4T49-9-A�FSh#IKo,HSF~?�LR9%H�AHJI4?�FJuUTGL#n#B�L DGA>=�C�IKBGB�LN91HJL>=yMP��MPL>=Ä]KA�HJLNT�9<=1n%=2L>=y]KA�9)F[A�o,HJL>=6�

� LR9-BGFJ;N9<L.h�E3;/=<L.FSM�DGI�9-hcANBGh5L C�L._�T�FSB�L u�T�F�]�F[L�B,h�=<Lm?�9<L>|�|5LR9:=�T�9:Q/L Q>I�9�D3= C�O�{�n%F�MWD,9<L>=<=-F[I�B,BGA�B�h

í �kÙ>Û�Ü�õ���"�ðcÜyí>ÜÄ÷GÕ0+1Ù���Ü<ê.Õ

Page 5: Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme a l’ epist emologie ... · Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme a l’ epist emologie naturalis ee Bruno Ambroise To cite this version: Bruno

C�L hcE�;>=<L/=#LNhiusT4F7]�FJLRBGhiQ>I7B3|}FS9-MWL�9 H�A�Q�9-FShcF[u�TGL�C�LpHSjSA�B,A�H�r�hcFJQRFSh5OaL�BPMPIKBGh�9)A�B,hiu�TGL H�A�=-F~?�B,FJ|cF[Q/A�hcFJI�B�L>=-hyT�BM*r�h�E3L�Y�HSAPh�E3;/=<LC�L�H�jSFSB�C�O�h5LR95M�FSBGA�hcF[I�B�C�L!HSAPh�9)A>CUTGQ�hcF[I�B =<LNMWo,HJLq|cA�FS9<LqQNT�HSM�FSB3LR9�H[L=�r�=-h5;NMtLqu�T�FSB,FJLRBCKA�B3=qH[L�9\LRHSA�hcFk]�F¯=-MtL�H[L�DGHkT7=�O>QRE3L6]4L�H[O��%� L�hch5L�hcEG;>=<L�A>|5|}FS9-MPL�u�TGL�B3I4T7=qD3I4T�]�I�B3=�Q/IKB3=-hc9�T�FS9<L�C�LNTK�M�A�B�TGL�HJ= C�L&hc9-A>CUTGQ�hcFJIKB F�B3Q�I7M�DGA�hcF�oGHJL/= DGIKT�9 9)LRB3CU9<L Q�I�M�D,h5L CKjkT4B MW�RMtL�HSA�B7?�AN?UL ORhc9-A�B�?�L�9-YA�o3=2I�H~T�MPL�BGhPF�B3Q�I7B�B�T���� L�hchcL�hcEG;/=<L�=<L�oGA>=<L�=�T�9�H[L�MP��MPL�MtO/Q�A�B,FJ=-MPL�usT7L�HSj�FSB3=2Q�9�T4hcA�o,FSH�FSh5O�C�L�H[A9<O>|�O�9<LNB3Q/L�Q�I�B�CUT4F[=-A�BGh1n H�A�=<IKTG=<f�C�O�h5L�9�MWF�BGA�hcF[I�BL�M*DGFS9-F[u�TGL�C�L/= hcE3O/I�9-FJL/=-Y�MWA�F[=#L�H�HJLaL>=-h1o�L�ANTGQ>IKT�DD,H~TG=9-A>CKFJQRA�HJLp�:H�jSFSB�=<Q�9�T�hcA�oGF�HSFSh5O�C�L�HSAl9<O>|�O�9<L�B�Q>L�MWI�B�hc9-A�F�h0usT�jJI�B B3L�DGLNT�h�D,A>==-AN]4I7FS9PnlD,A�9-hcFS9C�L>=q=<LNT�HJ=O�B�IKB3Q/O>=�I�o�=<L�9�]�A�hcF[IKBGB3LRHJ=�usTGL�HSH[LL/=-h HSAP9<O>|�O�9<L�BGQ/LC�L/=�h5LR95MPL>=-Y�MWA�F[=�usT7LqQ>L�H�HJL/f5Q�F L>=-h�|}F~�4O/L�DGA�9aT�B3LhcE3O�I79-FJL D,A�95M�F3CKj�ANT4hc9<L>=�A>CKMWF[=<=-FSo,HJL/=1M�A�FJ=#C�I7BGh1HSA.]�O�9-FSh5OpD3LNT�hiª¹«)¦ ÉK«-¦�§x¨1��hc9<L O6]�A�H~TGO>LpDGA�9#Q>I7B3|c9-I�B�hcA�hcF[I�BAN]4L/Q�HSj[LN��D�O�9-FJLRB3Q>L���H�jSFSB�C�O�hcL�9-M�FSBGANhcFJI7B C�L�H�A�9<O/|5O�9<LRB3Q�LaMtI7B�hc9<L�9-A�u�T�jJI7BlB3LaD3L6T4h�É�µN¸ µN©J¨ =<AN]�I�FS9 uUTGL�H[HJLL>=\hwH�A�=2F~?�BGF[|�FJQ�A�hcF[I�BCKjkT4B�L.DGEG9-A>=<L ORhx9-A�B7?U;R9<L C�IKBGB3O�L QRA�9iF�H�BGj~r�A L�B|}A>F�hw9-FJLRBPn�=2AN]4I7FS9-Y�DGA>= C�L.�#|cA>QRh�I,|hcE3L�MWA�h�h5L�9���� Ê H�|}ANT4h�C�O�{Sn�=-AN]4I�F�9u�TGL�HSjJLRM�DGF�9-FJ=-MPL |cI7B3QRFJL�9PC�Ll_0T4F�B3L�HJL�Q�I�B�CUT4F�h�nqT4B�L�D3I,=-FShcF[IKBMPO�h�E3IGCKI�H[IK?�FJusTGL�D,A�9-hcFJQNTGH�FJ;R9\L LRB�D,EGF�HJIG=2I�DGE,FJL CUT HSA/B�?�AN?�L � H[L�o�O�E,AN]�FJI79)F[=-MPL�� � L�H�T�FJf�Q�F�B3L�]�LNT�hQ>I7B3=-F[C�O�9<L�9�YGQ>IKM�MtL.=<L6T4H[L>= C�I�B,B3O>L/=�A>CKMWF[=<=-FSo,HJL/=in.DGA�9�hcFS9 C�L>=<usT7LRHSH[L>= Q>I7B3=-hc9�T�FS9<LmT4B�L.hcE3O�I79)F[L>=-YGusTGL.HJL>=Q>I7M�D3I795h5LRMWL�B�h5=lIKo�=<L�9�]�A�o,HJL/=lC�L>=�H[IGQ6T4h5L6T49<=N�m��n>f�LNB3Q�I�9<LRY�CKI�B3QNY�IKB BGL�DGIKT�9)9-A�D,A>=lLN��DGH�FJusT7LR9�HJL>=Q>I7M�D3I795h5LRMWL�B�h5=�H�FSB�?�TGF[=-hcFJuUTGL>=PC�L/=PHJI,QNT�h5LNT�9<=�n�D,A�9-hcFS9PC�L�HJL6T49<=PF[C�O>L/=PIKT¢C�L�HJLRT49<=�F�BGh5L�B,hcFJI7B3=-Y%C�L/=ON]�;�B3LRMtLNB,h5=1MPLNBGhcANTK�0LRB�?�ONB3OR9-A�H¯���:I7M�MPL#hcIKT�h�oGI�BPLNM�DGFS9-F[=-h5L�Y�_�T�FSB�L#BGL�]4L6T4h�9<LRh5LNBGFS9iusTGL%Q/L%usT4F�L�=-hI�o�=<L�9�]�A�o,HJLRY�QNjJL/=-h5fcn>f�CKFS9<L HJL Q�I�M�D�IK9-h5LNMtLRB�h�HSFSB7?�T4F[=-hcF¯u�TGL C�L/= HJI,QNT�h5LNT�9\= CKA�B3=¤C�L/=�QRFS9<Q>IKB�=-hcA�B3Q/L>=C�I�B,BGO>L/=N�4_0T4F�B3L.D,9\ONh5LRB3C�u�TGL�Q/L�=<I7B�hiCKjSA�F�HSHJL6T49<= H[L>=#=2L�T�HJ=mO�HJORMtLRBGh5=#usT�F3=<I7BGh1n HSA D�I�9�h5O>L�C�L Q/L�HkT4F�u�TGFA�DGD,9<LNB3C�T4B HSA�B�?�AN?�LlC7A�B3=�B3I7hc9<LD,9<IKDG9<L�HSA�B7?�T7Ls� ����©x·�¨�©SÁ�¼1«-¦�§�²x«2·6¨cª�§x¦R©¯§c±�¦U·¸:µs·6¦�±x³�¶�±pªz§xµ/¶6¦�²¯ª[©¹«<·�Á «2·«<È�¨�±c§c´-±c§xµ�²�±i½�¦�±�¶<©J¨�±c·6ªy³[±x¨@©¯·/¶<© Æ�»c·/±x¨ ¶�µ/·�¨ ¶�±x¨ ²[©¯§c²�«<·�¨cª¯µ/·>²�±x¨ ¶�«<·/·>Âc±x¨��y«<·�ª�§xµN©[ª�±c§xµ�³�±�¨�Âc·>«<·/²x¯¨ ¶<©[ª¯¨�¼wµ/§1³[±x¨@©¯·>¶N© ÆK»c·>±x¨²�«5¸i¸m±w¶�±x¨yª¹«)¦>ª¯¨�±xª�«2· ±�¨c¨cµN©¹±c§xµ ¶�ú ¬sµN©¹§c±w²�«<§c§c±x¨ ¼1«<·/¶�§c±w¶�±x¨�Âc·>«<·/²xÂx¨@¶�±v³�µ%³�µ/·¯Æ�¦�±y¶�à «<§¯© Æ�©¯·/±w½>¦và «<·�¼1§c«<·/«<·>²�±c§xµN©JªÄ¶�µ/·6¨y³[±x¨¸ �¯¸m±x¨1²[©¯§c²�«<·�¨xª¯µ/·/²x±¯¨c¾��m· È���ª[©Jª�³SÏp¶�±x¨y® º/¼1«5ª¯®�»¯¨�±x¨1¶N±�ª�§xµ/¶�¦�²¯ª[©¯«2· ½6¦�à «<· ´5µ ±x¨c¨cµ º�±c§y¶�±w´-Âc§¯©¬�©¯±c§y±c·�¼1§c« ¼1«)¨cµ/·�ªÄ¶�±x¨1Âc·/«<·>²¯Âx¨«<È�¨�±c§c´5µ�ª[©¹«<·>·/±x³S¨ ¶�µ/·�¨ ¶�±x¨�²J©¹§c²x«<·�¨cª¯µ/·>²¹±x¨ ¶�µ/·6¨�³[±x¨�½�¦�±x³S³�±�¨�«<·�¨/à µ�ª¯ª¹±c·/¶�Ï�²�±i½�¦�±1³[±x¨1©¹·>¶N© Æ�»c·/±x¨<º�µ/²�½6¦R©¯±x¨�²�±c·6ª¯¾��¶<¸m±xª[ª�«<·6¨µN©¯·�¨�©�½6¦và «<·%µR©JªÄ«<È�¨�±c§c´-Â�½6¦s±v³�±x¨Ä©¯·/¶<© ÆK»c·>±x¨R¼1§c«<·>«<·/²¯±c·6ª�³\à Âc·>«<·/²xÂ6���%µ/´5µ¹Æsµ���a³[«<§x¨�½�¦�à ©[³S¨y¨�«<·�ªÄ¶�µ/·6¨y¦�·/±3¨�©Jª¯¦/µ�ª[©¯«2· ¶�«<·6ª�³Sµ²¯µ/§xµ/²�ª�Âc§¯©[¨cª[©¯½�¦�±3³�µK¼w³S¦/¨�¬s³�µ¹Æ�§xµ/·�ª�±�±¯¨cªG³Sµ4¼1§cÂ�¨�±c·/²¯±�¶�à ¦s·�³�µ�¼�©¯·�¾�Ñ�«\¦/¨y±c·.´)±c·/«<·6¨ÄÏK¼1±c·6¨�±c§�½�¦�±�²�±�ªvÂc·>«<·/²¯Â�²¯«<§c§c±x¨ ¼1«2·>¶<Á,¶�µ/·6¨·>«-ª�§c±�¼1§c« ¼1§c±v³�µ/·¯Æs¦s±¯ÁGÏ#Î �@³�µ�¼�©¯· �>Á�«-¦��@ª�©¯±c·6¨�ÁG¦s·%³Sµ�¼�©�· ��¾,­y±x³S³�±w±x¨�ªÄ·>«)ª�§c±�® º/¼1«)ª[®�»x¨}±x¾K¥�«)¦s§w´-Âc§¯©¬�©¯±c§�³Sµp´5µ�³~©�¶<©JªzÂw¶�±y²x±xª[ª�±® º/¼1«)ª¹®/»x¨�±JÁ�«<· ´5µ7¼1§c«<·>«2·>²�±c§v³\à Âc·>«2·>²� ���%µ/´5µ¹Æsµ�9��±c·%¦�·/±�¼1§c«2²�®/µN©¯·>±y«<²�²�µ�¨�©¹«<· «�� ¨�±N¼1§cÂx¨c±c·�ª�±c§xµ.¦�·%³Sµ�¼�©¹·�Î�¨�©G³\à ©¹·�¶<© Æ�»c·/±µ/²�½6¦�©¹±x¨�²x±wÏa·/«5ª�§c±w¦�ª[©J³k©J¨cµ�ª[©¹«<·�¶�±w³\à Âc·/«<·>²¯Â¯Á�«2·�±c· ²�«<·>²¯³S¦s§xµa½6¦�±1·/«)ª�§c±�® º/¼1«5ª¯®�»¯¨�±1¶N±wª�§xµ/¶�¦�²¯ª[©¯«2· ±x¨xªy´-Âc§¯©¬�©¯Âc±y±¯ªy«<· Âxª¯µ/È�³k©¯§xµ³-à Âc½6¦R©¯´5µ�³[±c·/²x±w³�µ�¼�©¯·>Ò �%µ/´)µ¹Æ�µ�S¾6�m·�µa¶�«<·>²y¶�±x¨�¶�«<·/·>Âc±x¨@«<È�¨�±c§c´5µ/È�³[±x¨1Ï,¼wµ/§xª[©¹§1¶�±x¨�½6¦�±x³�³[±¯¨�«<·�È���ª�©Jª�¦s·>±wª[®�Âc«<§¯©¹±��l¶�µ/·6¨@²x±²¯µ�¨�Áw¶�±x¨@¸:µ/·�¦�±x³S¨�¶�±�ª�§xµ/¶�¦s²�ª�©¯«<·�½�¦/©w´-µ�³[±c·6ª@²�«5¸i¸m±�ª¯®sÂc«<§¯©¯±¯¨ ¶�±1³Sµ�³�µ�·¹Æs¦�±�Âxª�§xµ/·¯ÆK»c§c±���½6¦và «<·�ª�±x¨cª¹±>¼1«)¦s§i±x¨c¨cµ º�±c§i¶�±1³Sµ´5µ�³~©¹¶�±c§1±¯¸�¼w©¹§¯©�½6¦�±¯¸m±c·6ª��l¶�µ/·6¨�²�±1²�µ�¨�Á2¼wµ/§w³-à µ�¨c¨�±c·6ª�©S¸#±c·�ªy¶�±x¨y©¯·/¶<© ÆK»c·>±x¨1µ�¦NÐ�Âc·>«<·/²xÂx¨/¼1§c« ¼1«)¨�Âx¨�Á�²¯«2·6¨cª�§x¦R©Jª¯¨1Ï,¼wµ/§xª[©¹§1¶6¦¸:µ/·�¦�±x³7¶�±3ª�§xµ/¶�¦s²�ª[©¹«<·6¾

��A�FJ=-YiQ/I�M�MtLPCKANB3=aHJLPQRA>=�C�L�HSjSF�B3|�I�9-MWA�hcF[IKB�L�M�D,FS9-FJusTGL*]�FJ=<f}n>f�]�FJ=�C�L>=ahcE�O>I�9-F[L>=-Y1H[L>=�O�B�IKB3Q>O/=I�o�=<L�9�]�A�hcF[I�B�B�L�HJ= C�L.H�A%H�A�B�?�T7L.F�B3CKFk?U;RB3L.B�L C�O�h5LN9-MWF�B3LNB�hyDGA>=�HJL.M�A�B�TGL�HGC�L.h�9-A>CUT7QRhcFJI7BGY�QRA�9:IKB�B3L.DGLNT�hDGA>=\Y3H�n�B�I�BD,H~TG=-Y�=<Q�9�T�h5L�9#H�A�9<O>|�O�9<LNB3Q/L�C�L>= h5LR95MPL>=mFSB3CUF~?�;RB3L>=a`¯L�Bl|}A�FShcY�FSH�BGjkr�A�9-FJLNB�n�=2Q�9�T4h5LR9xg ��IKB�B3L=-A�F�hwD,A>=-YGL�h1L�B|}A�FSh1I�BPB3L.D�LNT�hw{�A�MWA�F[=�]4OR9)F�hcA�oGH[L�MPL�BGh1=�AN]4I�F�9-YGQ>L usT7L�]4LNT�h�C7FS9<L.HSA.DGE,9-A>=<Lm���*AN]�AN?�A���� �I�B B�L�D�LNT�h�usT7L C�O�h5L�9�MWF�B3LR9�T4B�L Q>I�9�9<O�HSA�hcF[I�B DGHkT7=�I4T�MWI7FSB�=�ONhc9\I7FShcL¤LNBGhc9-L¤Q>L Q�I7MWDGI795h5L�M�L�BGhHSF�B�?�TGFJ=\hcFJuUTGL�L�hPC�L>=�Q�F�9\Q/I�B�=-hcA�BGQ>L/=N�%^�B�DGL6T4hPC�IKB3Q�Q>I7B3=-h�9�T4F�9<L�DGH~TG=-F[LNT�9\=qM�A�B�TGL�H[=�C�L�hc9-A>CUTGQ�hcF[I�B3=HJI4?�FJuUTGL�MPL�BGhÄFSB3Q/IKMWD,A�hcFSo,HJL>=�CKj~T�B3LmMt�NMPLmHSA�B�?�TGL ��h5IKTG=i=\jSA>Q>Q/I�9<C�L�9<IKB,hw=�T�91HJL>=�O�B�I�B3Q/O>=�L�M�D,FS9-FJusT7L/=iLRh=-j�A>Q>Q>I79<C�L�9)I7B�h�DGIKT�9PHJL/=P9<L>Q�I7B3=�hc9�T4F�9<L CKA�B�=PHJL/=PMP�NMWL>=qQ�F�9\Q/I�B�=5hcA�B�Q>L/=-Y#M�A�FJ=PH�A |cA>Ë/I�B�C�I�B�h�F�HJ=!HJL>=9<L>Q/IKB3=-hc9�T�FS9<IKBGh�CKF[|5|5;R9<LN9\IKB,h6�iIKT�oGFJLRBP��IKB�D�LNT�h 9)LRB3CU9\LqQ�I�M�D�h5LCKL|}A>Ë>IKB3=*CKFJ|5|�O�9<L�B�h5L/=�C�L>=aMP��MPL>=Q>I7M�D3I795h5LRMWL�B�h5=�HSF�B�?�TGFJ=-hcF[uUT7L/=lD7T4F¯=<uUT�jSF�H¯=lB�L�B�IKTG= CKF[=<L�B,hD,A>= CKj[LNTK�4fcMP��MPL>=�Q>L usT4j�FSHJ=�=<I7BGh ��IKTL�B�Q>IK9<Lp�WHJL/=£QR9)I4r�A�B3Q/L>=�`¯QRjJL/=-hzf}n>f5CKF�9\L H[L>= CKFJ=-D�IG=-F�hcFJIKB3= n D,9)I7BGI�BGQ>LR9 h5L�HSH[L>= DGE�9-A>=<L/=£CKA�B�=¤h5LRHSHJL/=

��Õ ×1Û ��Ü-Ù>õ�í �~éNÚSþ[þ[Ü-Ù>ì5ð ��Ü<Û�ð}Ü)ì ��Ù�Ü þ[Ü�ð#�%��"<ê#Ü�í>Ü�þ#�Sé ���>ìcÜ2Û�õ¯Ú¯ð5ðcéNî>Ü�í�Ù¤þ�é<Û�î>é<î/Ü ê#ø�í�<þ[Ú¯ðcÜ�õ�øNÙ/õ¯Ü�ð�þ[Ü�ð!õ ��"NðcÜ�ð���/Ú[þJø>ð}ø�����Ú���Ù�Ü�ð��RÙ>ÚSÛ�Ú[Ü)Û/Û�Ü�ðyñ�ø�Û�é ���>ìcÜ-Û�í��mõ�Ü-Û�ÚSìyþ[Ü�ð��2Û�ø�Û����Nð1é<Û�é<þ~öRõ�Ú��RÙ�Ü�ð ��øNÙ�ì�ó�ìcé2Ú�� ��é<ì¹õ¯ÚSìyí>Ü�ð@ø�ë�ðcÜ2ì¯ó�é<õ¯Ú[ø�Û�ð1í>ÜNð�<ø�ê ��ø�ì�õ¯Ü<ê#Ü<Û/õxð�þ[ÚSÛ�îNÙ�Ú¯ðzõJÚ���Ù�Ü�ð�í/Ü1Û�øNõ�ìcÜ�Ü-Û>õ¯øNÙ�ìxéNî>Ü1ü�ø�Û �2ø�ÛsðzõJì¹Ù>Ú�õ�Ù>Û%þ[é<Û/î>éNî>Ü:ð �<Ú[Ü<Û�õ¯Ú�ýxÚ���Ù�ÜiøNÙ.Ù>Û�ð#�%��"<êmÜ �<ø�Û��<Ü,�/õ[Ù�Ü<þ�<ø�ê#êmÜiø�Û.é%�/�>ìcÜ)Û�í#Û�øNõ[ìcÜ1þJé2Û>î>éNî>Ü��¹í ��é<Ú[þSþ[Ü-Ù�ì5ðcÝ�Û�øNõJìcÜ1þ[é<Û/î>éNî>Ü1Ü�ðzõ4þ[Ü1þ[é�Û�î�éNî>Ü1íRÙ�ð#�%��"<êmÜ���ø�Û��<Ü,�/õ[Ù�Ü<þKí>Ü1þ[é:ð �<Ú[Ü<Û��<Ü���üø�Û.õJì�éNí�Ù>Ú�õ�Ù>Û�Ü�þJé2Û>î�Ù�Ü��-õ[ìcé<Û>î/"<ìcÜ �2ø�ê#ê#Üiø�Û.é ���>ìcÜ<Û>í#Û�øNõ[ìcÜiþSé2Û�îNÙ�Ü�Õ�!1ø�ÚSìwæ/ç��� �ä/ä>ã�áwä¯å! ��kå �2à � -�+%��Ý�×��Ü-Û�è�øNÙ>ì�õ�Ý/�Gé�>éNþ[þJÜNÝK5�þSþ�Õ Ý�ù<ú#"��>ÝKÜ-õ��/é<Û�í�ìxé �Gé2Ù>î>Ú[Ü-ì5Ý/ÿ%$ � -�ã�ç>à-ä#�Gä/Jä4/�â�� [ä4/�âDC/ß�� ���%&yß/â�-��(' )$ �#���7à � ->ã[âSá�á �4/ � ��� $ ä* ��â���ÝU÷�é<ì�Ú¯ð�ñ !wìcÚ�Û�Ýù<ú/ú�ûUÕ

Page 6: Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme a l’ epist emologie ... · Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme a l’ epist emologie naturalis ee Bruno Ambroise To cite this version: Bruno

Q�F�9<Q>I�B�=-hcANB3Q>L/=cg A�hchc9-FSo7T7O/L>= ANTK�tF�B3CKFk?U;RB3L/=#D�LNTK]4L�B,hiCKFJ|5|�O�9<L�9.CKj~T�BGL hcE3O�I79-FJLan�H�jSANT�hc9\LaL�Bl=-j�A�D�D�TKr�A�BGhi=)T49HSj[I�o�=<L�9�]�A�hcF[I�B£C�L/=�MP��MPL>=PQ�I7M�D3IK9-h5LNMPL�B�h5=N�:^*B D3L6T4h�MP�NMtLRY%CKFSh�_0T4F�B3L�YmA�hxhc9-FSo7T7LR9tC�L/=WQR9<IUr�A�B3Q/L>=FSH�HJI4?�FJuUTGL>=mANT��F�B3CKFk?U;RB3L/= ��FSH�=\T7|�|cFSh�D3I4T49%Q/L�H�A�C�L�|cA�o,9)F[u�TGL�9mn�DGA�9-hcF�9%C�L>=.O�B�IKB3Q>O/=%IKo�=<L�9�]�A�hcF[I�B�B�L�HJ=�T�BM�A�B�TGL�H1C�L�hc9-A>CUTGQ�hcFJI7B�usT�FwB�L�9<L>=\D3L>QRh5L�D,A>= B�IKhc9\L*HJIU?�F[uUT7L��wQ/L�M�A�B�TGL�HyD3LR9-MtLRhxhc9-A�FShmoGFJLRB�C�L*9<LNB3CK9<LQ>I7M�DGh5L�C�L>=�O�BGI7B3Q�O/=�I�o3=2L�9�]�A�hcFJIKB,B3LRHJ=�CKFSh5=�CKA�B�= HJL/=�Q�FS9<Q/I�B3=\hcA�B3Q>L/=�CKA�B3= H[L>=<usT7LRH[HJL>= FSH[= =<I7BGhDG9<IKB�IKB3Q>O/=-Y�M�A�FJ=@FSHKHJL.|5L�9-A�F�hw=<L�H[I�B�T�B3LmHSIK?�F[u�TGL%|}A�BGhcA�F[=<F¯=-h5Ls���lLNBGA>Q/L#F[Q�FKHJL 9<LRHSA�hcF~]KFJ=-MPL��

�%=-h5f�Q>Lan�CKF�9\L�usT7L�CKA�B�= T�BlQ�A>=mHJL>=mFSB�CKF~?�;�B�L>=.=<I�B,hiH[IK?�FJusT7L/=%LRhiD,A>=%CKA�B�=#H�jSA�T�hc9<L �#^*9%Q�j[L>=-h�HSAMP��MPL#H�A�B�?�T7L.usT4F�L>=-hÄhc9)A>CUT�FSh5Lp��FSH�=-jSAN?�FShyC�I�B3Q.L�BP|cA�F�hwCUA�B3=yT�BPQ�A>=iCKjkT4B�L#hc9-A>CUTGQ�hcF[IKBtQREGA�9-FShcANoGH[L%LRhwCKA�B3=HSj�ANT4hc9<LaCKj~T�B3L hc9-A>CUTGQ�hcF[I�BPD3LR9�]4L�9<=<Ls����A�F[= HSA�u�TGL�H[H[L�L>=\h1HJA o�I�B�B�L �:��L�hchcL�usT7L/=-hcFJI7BB,jSA DGA>=:]�9-A�FSMPL�B�hiC�L9<O�D�IKB3=<L.Q�A�91IKBWBGLmD3L6T4h�=-j�A�DGD7T�r�L�91=�T4919-F[L�B�D�IKT�9�r 9<ONDGI�B3CK9<L/� � A�B�=1Q�E,A>u�TGL%QRA>=-Y�L�BPL>|5|�LNhcY�BGI4T7=@AN]4I�B�=L�B|}A�FShyD�9<I�{JLRhzO.BGI7hx9<L.H[IK?�FJusT7L CKA�B�=�HSA.HSA�B�?�TGL.FSB�CKFS?�;RB3L�YGusTGL Q>L =<I7FSh�D�IKT�9iHSA.9<L�Q>IKB�=-hc9�T4F�9\L.H[IK?�FJusTGL�MPL�BGhIKT�D�IKT�91HSA#9<L>Q/I�B�=-hx9�T�FS9<LmFSH[HJI4?sF[uUT7LRMtLRBGh-����A�FJ=iQ/L%=2I�BGh�o,FJL�B�AN]4L/Q#B�IG=1D,9)I7DG9)L/=iQRA�h5ON?�I�9-FJL/=1H[IK?�FJusT7L�=�uUT7LB3I4T7=mAN]4I7B3=mA�D�DG9<ONE3LRB3C�O H�A�H�A�B�?�T7LaF�B3CKF~?�;RB3Lp�7Q/L B,jJL>=\h1DGA>=.L�HSH[L�u�T�F�B3IKTG=mA�CKFSh Q>I7M�MtLNB,hiH�A�h�9)A>CUT�FS9<Ls���jJL/=-h�BGI4T7=�u�T�F#AN]4I7B3=�C�O>QRFJC�O�C�Lqhc9)A>CUT�FS9<LqHSAqHSA�B7?�T7L�FSB3CKFk?�;�B3L�Q/I�M�MPLq9\L/=�D3L>QNhcA�B,hcY:I4T�B3IKBGY BGI7hx9<LHJI4?�FJuUTGL�� � ;>=�HJI�9<=lusT�jJIKB�]�LNT�hQ�I�M�D,9\LNB�CK9<L�Q>LNhch5L�HSA�B7?�T7L�FSB3CKFk?�;�B3LRY�BGI4T7=l=2I�M�MWL>=l|�IK9<Q>O>=�C�L�HSAhc9-A>CUT4F�9<L�CKA�B�=#H[L>=mh5LN9-MtL/=%CKLaBGI�h�9\LaH[IK?�FJusT7L��,BGIKTG=#B�L D�IKTK]4I�B�=%CKI�B�Q DGA>=.CKFS9<Lau�TGLaHSA�H�A�B�?�LaFSB�CKF~?�;�B�LL>=\h�HJI4?sF[u�TGL.IKT�FSH[HJI4?�FJuUTGL%LRh�BGIKTG=1B�L D3I4T�]4I7B3=yD,A>=1A�hch�9)F�o�TGL�9iCKj�FSHSH[IK?�FJQRFSh5OmANT���FSB�CKF~?�;�B�L>=N���tI4T7=@D3I4T�]4I7B3==-F�MWD,HJL�MPL�B�hP|cA�F�9<L�L�B =-I�9-hcL�C�L�9)L�B�CK9)L�Q/LNhch5L�HSA�B�?�TGL�Q>I7M�DG9<ONE3LRB3=-F�oGH[L�Y�LNhPC�I7B3Q�9\ORDGI�B�CKA�B,hWnlB�IG=Q�9-F�h5;�9<L>=@HJIK?�F[u�TGL>=-YKD3I4T49yDGIKTK]4I7FS9iQ>IKM�M*T4B,FJusT7LR91AN]4L>QmHJL/=1FSB�CKF~?�;�B�L>=N�

� ORA�DGDGA�9-ANÌ[h#A�FSB�=-Fw©¹·G¬�©�·>±iH[L�D,9)AN?�M�A�hcFJ=-MPL�u�TGLW_0T�FSB3L*EGO�9-F�h5LWC�L*HSA�D�E,FSH[IG=<I7D�EGFJL*A�MPO�9-FJQRA�FSB3L�LNhusT4F�H~T�F3|�A�F�hiQ>I�B�=-FJC�OR9<L�9iH[L H�A�B�?�AN?�L�L�hi=2L>=#C�OR9)Fk]4O>=\YGBGI�hcANM�MtLNB,h1HSA�=<QRFJL�B�Q>LNY�LNB�|5IKB�Q�hcF[IKB�C�L.HJL6T49�T�hcFSH�FSh5Op�Q�j[L>=-hyD3I4T49 Q�I�M�M�TKBGFJusTGL�9:uUTGL.HJL/= ��hc9<L>=�E�T�M�A�FSB3= I7BGhyMWF[=iANTPD3I7FSB,hwH[L.HSA�B�?�AN?�L�Y,FSH[=#C�I�Fk]4L�B,h�C�I7B3Q |cA�F�9<LL�B =<I795h5L C�L�=2L�Q�I7MWD�9<LRB3CU9\L usT4A�B�C�F�HJ=�hc9)A>CUT�FJ=2L�BGhqHJL�HSA�B7?�AN?UL CKjkT4B�L�ANT�hc9<L QNT�HSh�T�9\L���Q�j[L>=-hPD�IKT�9Q>I7M�DG9<LNB�CK9\L.L�hÄAN?sF�9i=�T�9iHJLmMPI�B3C�L.usT7L.H[L>=i�Rhc9<L>=1E7T4M�A�F[B3=�I�BGhyC�ON]4LRHJI�D�D�O#H�A%=<QRFJL�B�Q>LRY�F[HJ=�C�I�F�]4LRBGhwC�I7B3Q|cA�F�9<L�L�B =2I�9-h5L�usT7L�B�IG=.D,9\O/CKFJQRhcFJI�B�= =-jSA>Q/Q>I79\C�LRB�h AN]4L>Q�H[L�MPI�B3C�Ls�3� L�BGj[L>=-h D,A>= |cA�FS9<L�C�L*HSA0]4O�9-FSh5O�T4BQ>I7B3Q�LRDGh�DG9-AN?�MWA�hcF[=-h5La`[HSA ]4OR9-FSh5OmHJL.=<L�9-A�FShÄDGH~T3=�IKT�MPI�FSB�= L�BP|5I�B�QNhcFJI7BtC�L.=<I�B*T�hcFSHSF�h5O<g-YKMWA�F[=i|}A�FS9<L%C�L.=<I7BA�hch5L�F�BGh5L!HJLqDG9-IGCUT�FSh�CKjkT4B�LqEGFJ=\hzI7FS9<L�=<IGQRFSA�HJL�C�LqHSA�=<Q�F[L�B�Q>L�u�T�F A�Mt;RB3L�Q>LRHSH[L>f5QRF nD�9<IGQ/O>CKL�9W=<LRHJIKB HJL/=MPO�h�E3IGC�L/=iCKL#H�jJLRM�DGF�9)F[=-MPL��

�w9<IGQ/O>CKI�B3=@MWA�F�BGh5LRBGANBGhyn T4B�L.HJL/Q�h�T�9)L.DGHkT7= =�T�F~]KFJL C�L.¥�¦�§x¨c¦R©JªÄ« ¬�­y§x¦>ª¯®RYGu�T�FK]�A.9\LRDG9<LNB3CK9<LmhzI4T4h5L/=Q>L/=1h�E3;/=<L>=�LNBWH[L>=1I�9<C�IKB,BGANBGh�CKj~T�B3L.|cA>Ë/IKBtCKF[|5|5OR9<LNBGhcL��z¾

¿w®/µ�¼w¾��iÎ1Ç�³@±x¨cª�¶�à µ/È�«<§c¶�½�¦�±x¨cª[©¹«<·�¶�±i³Sµ�¼1§c±x¦�´-±¯Á1«)¦!¶�±i³-à µ�¼�¼1¦�©�¶�±i³Sµ*²x«2·>·6µR©J¨c¨cµ/·/²x±¯Á1²Nà ±x¨�ª�ÒJÏ/Ò¹¶<©¯§c±�¼1«)¦�§,Åt¦R©x·/±¯Á1¶�±i³[µª¯®sÂc«<§¯©¯±3¨�²[©¯±c·�ª[©¬�©¯½�¦�±3Î,²�±3¨c¦�§y½6¦s«5©G¨/à µ�¼/¼w¦�©¹±v³�µ ²�«<·>·>µN©[¨c¨cµ/·>²�±@��³Sµ.¨�²J©¹±c·>²�± ��Á,²�±v¨}«<·6ªÄ¶�±x¨@¶�«<·>·/Âc±�¨y¨�±c·6¨}«<§¯©¹±x³S³[±¯¨�Á�½6¦s±¯Á-¼1«)¦�§y¶�±x¨§xµN©J¨�«2·6¨�³k©¯Âc±x¨�µ�¦p¶�Âc´-±x³[« ¼�¼1±¯¸m±c·6ª�¨�²[©¯±c·6ª�©¬�©¹½6¦s±3³S¦R©¯ÒS¸ �¯¸#±¯ÁNÅt¦R©¯·>±2¼1§5 ¬�»c§c±�µ�¼�¼1±x³[±c§�¶�±¯¨�¨�ª[©S¸ ¦>³Sµ�ª�©¯«<·�¨�¨�±c·6¨�«<§¯©¹±x³S³�±x¨Ä²¯µ/§xµ/²�ª�Âc§¯©[¨cÂc±¯¨¨�«)¦/¨�¬�«<§¯¸#±x¨Ä¶�à Âc·>«<·/²x¯¨Ä«<È�¨�±c§c´5µ�ª[©¯«<·/·>±x³�¨c¾

Ê HwQ/I�B�]KFJL�B,hih5I4T4h#CUjSA�o3IK9<C�C�L�9-A�D�D3LRHJLR9%H�A0C�L6]�FJ=2L�C�L�HSj[L�M�DGF�9)F[=-MPL%usT4j�FSH�B,j~rWA�9-FJLRB CKA�B3=.H�A�h5��hcLusT4F,B3L�=2I�FSh1D,A>=#CKjSA�o�I�9<CPCKA�B3=�HJL>=m=<L�B�=-Y3QRA�9�QRjJL/=-hiC�LN]4LNB7TtH[L MPI�hiCKjSI79\CK9-L�C�LpHSA�=<QRFJL�B�Q>LpBGA�h�T�9\LRHSH[L�L�H�HJL/fMP��MPL��%��jJL/=-hWA�F�B3=-FaHJL�C�ON]4LRHJI�D�D�L�MPLNBGhP=<Q�F[L�B,hcFJ|cF[u�TGL�usT�F ]�A�HJON?�F�hcFSMPL�9�HSj�A>C�I�DGhcF[I�B CKjkT4B LRMWD,FS9-FJ=-MPLMPO�h�E3IGCKI�H[IK?�FJusTGL*��Q/I�B3=2O>usT7LRB3Q>LPC�L�H�jJORDGFJ=\h5O�MWI7HJIK?�F[L�BGA�h�T�9)A�H�FJ=<O/L ��B�IKTG=aB3L*D3IKTK]4I7B3=aDGA�9�hcFS9�usTGLPC�LB3I7hx9<L�D�I�FSB�h�C�L*]UT7L!D3IKT�9�ORh�T7CKF[L�9�HSAQ/IKBGB,A�FJ=<=-A�B�Q>LqLNh%B�IKTG=�=<IKM�MtL/=�C�I7BGQPI�o,HSF~?�O/=�C�LPD,9)L�B�CK9)LqLNBQ>I7M�DGh5L�hcIKT�h5L>=aH[L>=�Q>I7B�BGA�FJ=2=-A�B3Q/L>=aA>Q�h�TGL�H�HJL>=��1I�9�Q>L�H�HJL�=<f�Q�F1B3I4T7=aA�D,DG9<LNBGB�LNBGh u�TGL�HSj[L�M�DGFS9-F[=-MtLPL/=-h.HSA=<L6T4H[L MtORhcE3I,C�L =<Q�F[LNBGhcF[|cFJusTGL ]�A>H�A�oGH[L���#h D,A�9�Q/I�B3=-O/u�TGL�B,h�B�IKTG=�C�LN]4I7B3= A>CKMWLRhchx9<L usTGL B3IKhc9<LFSB�|5I79)M�A�hcFJIKB=)T49�HJL.MWI7B3CKL.BGL.D�9\I4]�FJLRBGhwusTGL C�L.BGIG=�9<O�Q>L�D,h5LNT�9<=:=2LNB3=<I79)F[L�H[=N��8�LRHGL>=-h�H[L.DGI�F�BGh1C�L C�OND,A�9)hI�o,HSFk?UO.C�LmHSjJORDGF[=-h5ONMtI7HJI4?sF[L��

� L�D3LNB�CKA�BGhiI7BB3LaD,A�9)H[L�9-A�D,H~TG=%CKj[I�o,{JL�h1M�A�FJ=.CKjJORB3I7BGQ�O>=a`¯I�o3=2LN95]KA�hcFJI�B,B3LRHJ=-Y�h�E3O>IK9-F[u�TGL>=-Y�LRh5Q�� g��Q>L�=<I7BGh�H[L>=ORB3I7B3Q�O>=qI�o�=<L�9�]�A�hcF[I�B�B3LRHJ=qu�TGF =<I�B,h�HJL�|-I�B�C�LNMtLRB�hWL�M�DGF�9)F[u�TGL>=qC�LlH[A =2Q>F[L�B�Q>L�Y L�h�u�TGFD3LR9-MWL�hchcL�B�h%C�L*HSA�Q>I�B�|c9<IKBGh5LR9 ANTl9\O/L�HÄ� h5I4T4h5L*HSAWuUTGL�=-hcFJI7B�C�L*HSj[O�D,FJ=-h5ORMWI�H[IK?�FJL*BGA�h�T�9-A�HSFJ=2O>L�O�hcA�BGh.C�L

��Õ �Gé.í>Ú�ý¯ý �2ìcÜ<Û��<Ü%í/Ü%þ#��ø�ìcí�ìcÜ#í ��Ü%$ ��ø>ðcÚ�õ¯Ú[ø�Û�í>Ü�ð@õ ��"�ð}Ü�ð�Ú[ê ��øNì�õ¯Ü ��Ü-Ù�í/"�ð�þJø�ì5ð��NÙ �Sø�Û�é �<ø�ê �>ìcÚ¯ð ��Ù ��Ü<þ[þ[Ü�ð@ýxø�ìcê#Ü-Û/õ�Ù>Ûó �<ìcÚ�õ¯é)ë�þ[Ü�ð�ö�ðzõ "<ê#Ü�í>éNÛ�ð.þJÜ ��Ù�Ü2þiÜ<þ[þ[Ü�ð.í �2ìxÚ~ó�Ü<Û/õiõ¯øNÙ/õ�ÜNð.þJÜNðmÙ�Û>ÜNð.í>Ü�ð.é2Ù>õ¯ìcÜ�ð.Ü-õ é<Ù�ð}Ü<ÚSÛqí�Ù���Ù�Ü2þiÜ<þ�þJÜNðmýzø�ìcê#Ü-Û/õiÙ>Û�Ü�<Ú[ì#�-Ù�þSé<ìcÚkõ ���Ù>ÚUÜ�ð�õxÝ���øNÙ>ìGØyÙ>Ú�Û�ÜNÝNÙ>Û�Ü��>ìcÜ\Ù6ó�Üyí>Ü1ðcø�þ[Ú[í>Ú�õ ��í�Ù%ð¯ö�ð�õ "<êmÜ�Õ�!1ø�ÚJìGðzÙ>ìKõ¯øNÙsð �<Ü�ð���ø�Ú[ÛRõ¹ð ��Õ �Gé<Ù�î�Ú[Ü<ìzÝRä � I�+�â[ã I

Page 7: Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme a l’ epist emologie ... · Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme a l’ epist emologie naturalis ee Bruno Ambroise To cite this version: Bruno

=-AN]4I7FS9#Q>I7MWM�L�BGhyHSA hcEGO/I�9-FJL =2L 9-A�D�D3IK9-h5L.ANTPMtIKB�C�L�� Ê HG=-j�AN?�FShiC�I�B�Q�C�L.o,¡�hcFS9in D,A�95hcF�9�C�L/= I�o3=2LN95]KA�hcFJI�B�=T�B3L hcE3O�I79-FJL�usT4FPD,9\I,CUT4F�9-A�CKj�ANT4hc9<L>= IKo�=<L�9�]�A�hcF[I�B3= `SH[L>=�DG9<O6]�FJ=-F[I�B�=cg�usT�FSY=-FLRHJH[L>= =<I7BGh�]4O�9-FJ|}FJO/L>=-Y]�A�H[FJC�LR9<I�BGhaHSAqhcE3O>IK9-F[L�� � A�B�=WQ/L�Q�A>CK9<L�Y#=<I7BGh�A�B,A�H~r�hcFJuUTGL>=-Y B3I7B DGA>=*HJL>=�O�B�I�B�Q>O>=�usTGF�=2I�BGhp]�9-A�FJ=PLRB|5I7B3QRhcFJIKB C�L H[LNT�9£=-F~?�B,FJ|cF[Q�A�hcF[I�BGY�M�A�FJ= HJL/=£ONB�I�BGQ>O/=¤C�I�B�h�HJL/=¤Q>I7M�D3I,=-A�B�h�I�B�h�MP��MPL Q�I7B�h5L�B�TL�M�DGF�9-FJusT7Ls�w8#IKTG=�H[L>=*ANT4hc9<L/=W=<I7B�h�=�r>B,hxE�O�hcF[u�TGL>=N� �KLNT�H¯=W=<I7BGh h5L/=-hcA�o,HJL/=�H[L>=�O�B3IKB�Q>O/=�I�o�=<LN9�]�A�hcFJI7BGBGL�H[==�r�BGhcEGO�hcF[u�TGL>=���F�HJ=#|�I�9-MtLRB�h1HJL/= B��mTGC�=#C�L H�A�=<Q�F[L�B�Q>L.DKT�FJ=Nu�TGL�Q/L�=<I7BGh1HJL/=#=<L6T4H[=#L�B�CK9\I7FSh5= I��PHSA�=2Q�FJLRB3Q/L=<LlQ/I�B�|�9\IKB,h5LqANT�9<O>LRH �¤MW��MPLl=-F�Y%CKj~T�B3L�Q>LR95hcA�F�B3Ll|}A6Ë/I�BGY h5I4T7=�H[L>=PONB3IKB�Q>O/=Pu�T�F#HSAlQ/I�M�DGIG=<LRBGh�=2L9-A�DGD�IK9)h5LNB,h�ANT09<O/L�HKD�T�FJ=<usT7LmHJL/=iORB3I�B�Q>O/=yhcE3O�I�9-F[u�TGL>=@BGjSI�B,h�C�L%=<LNB�=iusT7LmDGA�9<Q/L%usT4j�FSH[=1DG9<LRB�B3L�B�hÄA�D�D�T�FSYKnh5L�9-MWLRYG=�T�9iHJL/= ONB3IKB3Q/O>=�I�o3=2LN95]KA�hcFJI�B,B3LRHJ=N����jJL>=\hwQ>LRHSA u�T�FGQ>I7B3CUT�FS9-A%ANT�E3I�H�FJ=-MPLp��hcIKTG=�HJL>= ORBGI�B3Q/O>=�CKj~T�B=�r�=-h5;�MPL Q�I�B�Q�L�DGh�TGL�HG=2IKBGhyFSB�h5L�9<C�OND�L�B3CKANBGh5= LNh1=<L Q>IKB�|c9-I�BGhcL�B�h1C�IKB3Qm�#LNBPoGH[I�Qi�.n.HSA.9\ORA�HSF�h5O���� L�H�A%ANT�9-AD3I4T49#Q/IKB3=<O/u�TGL�B�Q>L�usTGL HJL/= 9<ON]�F[=<F[I�B�=#C�L H�A hcE3O>I79-FJL DGIUT�9-9<I�B�h1AN]4I7FS9 HSF[LNTn D3L6TtD,9<;>= n B,jSFSM�D3I795h5Lau�TGL�HL�B�CK9<I�FSh��

�@L�QRA�9-A>Q�hc;�9<L£I7o3=<LN9�]�A�hcF[I�B,B3L�HCKL>=�D,9)L�M�FJLR9<=�ONB�IKB3Q/O�=�A�D,DG9-FJ=�H[LNT�9�?�A�9-A�BGhcFSh�T�B3L Q>L�9�hcA�FSB�LI�o,{JL/Q�hcF~]KFSh5O��78�IKTG=.HJL/=.h5O�MPI�F�B3= =�TG=<Q>LRDGhcF�oGHJL/= CKT�Mt�RMtL�ORhcA�h#C�L�Q�E�IG=<L/=-YwL�B�L>|5|�L�hcYw=2I�BGh#QRA�DGA�oGH[L>= CKj[L�B9<L�B�CK9)L�Q/I�M�D,h5L�CKA�B3=.H[L>=.MP��MPL>= O�B�I�BGQ/O>= I�o�=<L�9�]�A�hcF[IKBGB�L�HJ=\YwC�L�=<L�MPL�hchc9<L�CKj�A>Q>Q/IK9\C�=�T�9.HJL>=aO�B�I�B3Q/O>=I�o�=<L�9�]�A�hcF[I�B�B�L�HJ=�nmT4hcF�HSF[=<L�9 L�BQ>L/=iQRFS9<Q>IKB�=-hcA�B3Q/L>=#`�DGA�9<Q/L%usT7L.h5I4T4hÄT�BtQREGA>QNT�BPA.A�D,DG9-FJ=�n#D,9\IKB�IKB3Q/LN9iHJL/=MP��MPL>=lONB�IKB3Q>O/=lCKA�B3=�HJL>=�Mt�NMPL>=lQRFS9<Q>IKB�=-hcA�B3Q�L/=cgN� �iL�o3ONE,AN]�FJI79-FJ=-MPL�C�L�_�T�FSB�L�usT4F�|cA�FShPF[Q�F�=<I7BA�DGD,A�9-FShcFJI7BtL/=�hwC�IKB3Q�T4B�MWI4rsLNBPC�L%Q�I7M�DG9<LNB3CK9<LmHSj[IKoG{JL/Q�hcFk]�FSh5O.CUT�HSA�B�?�AR?ULp��B3LmDG9)LRB3CK9-L%LRBWQ>I7M�DGhcL%usTGLQ>L�u�T�F%L>=\h0I7o3=<LR9�]�A�oGH[L�Y%QRjJL>=\h�D3I4T�]�I�FS9P=<LqMPL�h�hc9\L�CKjSA�Q>Q>I79<C�=)T49PQ>LNh�I�o3=2L�9�]�A�oGH[L��i� h�DGA�9�LN��h5LNB�=-FJI7BGYQ>I7M�MPL�hcIKT�h5LahcEGO>I79)F[L�L>=-h |cI�B3C�O/L�=�T49mHJL>=.O�B�IKB3Q/O>=.IKoG=<L�9�]�A�hcF[I�BGB�L�H[=-Y�h5IKT�hiHJLaMWI7B3C�L�CKI�FSh�D3I4T�]4I7FS9%=2LMPL�hch�9\Lpn%h5LR9-MWL�CKj�A>Q>Q>IK9<CP=�T�9 hzI4T7=�HJL>=mO�B3IKB�Q>O/= D�9<IG|5ON9-O>= `[n�Q/L�h�h5L�CKF[|5|5OR9<LNB3Q>L.D,9<;>=#Q/LND3LNB3CKA�B,hiu�TGL�C�L/=Q>I7B3=-h�9�T7QRhcFJI7B3=�CKF[|5|�O�9<L�B�h5L/=�C�L�=<Q�E�;�MPL>=�Q/IKB3Q/L�D�h�TGL�HJ=pD3L6T�]4LRBGh#F�BGh5LR95]�L�BGF�9i��FSH1|�ANT4h.C�I�B3Q*DG9<O/Q�FJ=2L�9�usT7Lh5IKT�hyHJL.MWI7B3C�LmD3LNT�h1=<L#MPL�h�hc9<L CKjSA>Q�Q/I�9<C�ANTP=<L�F�BCKj~T�B3LmMt�RMtL.Q>IKM�M�T�BGANT�h5O.HSF�B�?�T�FJ=-hcF[uUT7L uUT�F�A%A�D,DG9-FJ=n T�hcFSH�FJ=<LR91HJL>=@MtI7h5=iC�L H�A#MP�NMtL.|cA>Ë�I7BWL�h�usT4FKDGA�9-hcAN?�L%CKI�B�Q�T�B3L MP��MWL�EGFJ=\h5I�FS9<L B,A�h�T49<LRHSHJL2gN�

^�BQ/I�M�D,9\LNB�C�o,FJLRBu�T�jSF�H�BGj~r�A.DGA>= C�L |�I�B3CKA�hcF[I�BC�L.H~A =<Q�F[L�B�Q>L.DGHkT7= =<I7HSF[C�L�usT4j[L�H[HJL/fcMP��MPL.��FSH=-j�AN?sF�h%C�L�=-jSF�BGh5O�9<L/=<=<L�9 n*HSAW|}A>Ë>I�B�C�I�B,h#HSA�=<Q�F[L�B3Q/LW=\jJL>=\h�Q/I�B�=-hx9�T�FSh5L�L�H�HJL>f}Mt�RMtLRYwQ>LRhxh5L�Q>IKM�D�9<O�EGLRB3=-F[I�B|cA�F[=-A�BGh1D,A�9-hcFJL F�BGhcON?�9-A�BGh5L C�LpHSA�=<QRFJL�B�Q>L/�K��A�F[=#Q>IKM�MPLNB�hiQ>IKB3QRFSH�FJL�9#Q/L.BGA�h�T�9)A�H�FJ=-MPL AN]�L>Q H�A B3IK9-M�A�hcF~]�F�h5OFSB,E3OR9\LNB,h5Lln�hcIKT�h5L ORDGFJ=\h5O�MWI7HJIK?�F[L �%=-F�Q�LRhchzL�C�LN9-B,FJ;�9<L�C�I�F�hWLN��D,HSF[u�TGL�9�u�TGL�H�HJL>=�=<I7BGh�HJL/=D,9)I,Q>O>CUT�9<L>=³[ Æ�©Jª[©�¸#±x¨ C�L�H�A0=2Q�FJLRB3Q/L�YwQ�I7M�MtLNB,h#=-jJLNBl9<LNMPL�h�hc9<L�ANT�C�O2]4LRHJI7DGD3LRMWL�B�h E,FJ=-h5IK9-FJusTGL�C�L�HSA�=<QRFJLRB3Q>L*u�T�FwL>=\hDGA�9PC�O>|}FSB,FShcFJIKB Q�I�B�hcFSB7?�L�BGh � Ê H.|cANT�h�Q>IKM�DG9-L�B�CK9)LlusT7L�Q�jJL/=-h�H�Al=<Q�F[L�B3Q/L�L�HSH[L>f}Mt�RMWLlusT4F#F�MWD�IG=<L�=<L/=DG9<IKD,9\L/=#Q�9-F�h5;�9)L/=%C�LpB3IK9-M�A�hcF~]�F�h5O�LNh u�T�jJI7BB�L D3L6T4h1D,A6=m{~TK?�L�9#ANTGf5C�LRHSn �GL/=-h1T�B3Lpo3IKBGB�L�ORDGFJ=\h5ONMtI7HJIK?�F[LQ>LRHSH[L�u�TGFÄD3L�9-MPL�h#CKjJIKo,h5LNBGF�9#T�B3L�Q/IKBGB,A�FJ=<=-A�B�Q>La]K9)A�F[L�YwI79�QRjJL/=-h HSA�=<Q�F[L�B�Q>L�usT4FÄB3IKTG= CKFSh#Q/L�uUT4j[L>=-h�T�B3LQ>I7B�BGA�F[=<=-A�B3Q/L ]K9)A�F[L�YKDGA�9 =<L>=@MtORhcE3IGC�L/=iLRhw=<L>=@9<O>=�T�HShcA�h5=N���PIKTG=1BGj�AN]4I�B�=1D,A>=1n.FSM�D3IG=2L�9yT�B3LmB3IK9-MtLmn#H�A=<QRFJL�B�Q>L usT4j[L�H�HJL =<L C�I7BGB3L.L�H�HJL/fcMP��MWLRY�DGA�9<Q�L u�T�jSF�H�BGj[LN��F[=-h5L.DGA>= C�LmD3I�F�B�h�C�Lm]UT7L.H[ON?�FShcF�MtL LRBC�LNE3IK9<= C�LHSA =<Q/FJLRB3Q/L�� � ;>=�HJI79\=�H[L.DG9<I�o,HJ;�M�L C�L.HSA.B3I�9-M�A�hcF~]�F�h5O CKA�B3=@T�B3L O�D,FJ=-h5ORMtI7HJI4?sF[L.BGA�h�T�9-A�HSFJ=2O>L.=<L.9<O>CUT�FShyA�T|cA�F�h�u�T�jJI7B¤BGj�A>CKMtLNh�usT7L�H[L>=PC�IKB,BGO>L>=PusTGL�HSAl=<QRFJL�B�Q>L�=�A>CKMPL�h�`¯IKT¢usTGLl=<IKB EGF[=-h5I�F�9\LqBGI4T7=�D�L�95MPL�hCKjSA>CKMPL�hch�9<L<gN���1A 9<L�QRE3LN9<Q�E�L CKj~E�r�DGI7hxE�;>=<L L/=-h hzI4T4h¤ANTG=<=2F�B3I79)MPO>L�� Q>IKB3=2L�9�]�A�hcFJ=\MtLRY�?UORB3OR9)A�H�FSh5ORY=-F�MWD,HSFJQRFSh5ORYw9<O>|zT4hcA�o,FSH�FSh5O�L�h MtI,C�L>=�hcFJLRY�=2IKBGh h5IKTG=�C�L/= Q�95F�h5;�9<L>=pFJ=<=)T7=aCUT�C�O6]4L�H[I�D,D3L�MPLNBGh#C�L*HSAW=2Q�FJLRB3Q/L�YQ�j[L>=-h5f}n>f5CKF�9\L*C�L�=<IKB =�TGQ>Q/;>=N���:9<L>|}Y�h5IKT�h#Q>IKM�MtL�H�Aa]4O�9-FSh5O*C�LN]�F[L�B3CK9-A�FSM�M�A�B3L�B�h5LRY�HSA�B�I�9-MWANhcF~]KFSh5O�H�jJL>=\hANTG=<=<F,��F�MWM�A�B3LRBGhcL ANT=�rs=\h5;�MPL�C�L�Q/I�B�B,A�FJ=<=-A�B�Q>Lau�T�F�|)I7B3QNhcF[I�B�B3LpDGA�9<Q>Lau�T�jSF�H3|�I�B3QRhcFJI7B�B3L�� � ;/= HJI79<=-YGF�H|cANT�h%Q/I�M�D�9\LRB3CU9<LWusT7L*HSA*B3I�9�MWA�hcFk]�FSh5O�C�L*HSAW=<QRFJLRB3Q>L�L�=-h#F�BGh5LR95B3L*n�H�AW=<Q�F[L�B�Q>L�YyL�h%usT4j[L�H�HJL*BGjJL/=-h DGA>=pHSAMP��MPLWusT7L�Q>LRHSH[LWusT4FyB3I79-MtL*HSj�A�9)hcYyHSA*D3IGO/=-FJLRY�LRh5Q�����HSA�=<Q�F[L�B3Q/LWL/=-h T�B {[LNT C�L*HSA�B�?�AN?�L*DGA�9-hcFJQ6T4H[FJLR9 ANT��Q�9-F�h5;�9<L>= D,A�95hcF[QNT�HSFJLR9<=N���#B�Q>I7B3=<O/u�TGL�B�Q>LNYGh5I4T4hcL D,9)ORh5LNBGhcFSI�B�CKj~T�B3L.D,E�9)A>=2L n AN]4I7FS9�T4B�=-hcA�h�T�hi=<Q�F[L�BGhcF[|cF[uUT7L9<L�D�IG=<LN9-A%=�T�91HSA.Q>I�B�hc9-F�o�T�hcFJIKBPu�T�jJLRHSHJLmA�DGD�I�9�h5L�9-A#n T�B3L h�E3O/I�9-FJL.CKI�B�h�H[L>= ²[®�±c²��-¼1«5©¹·6ª[¨�=<IKB,h�HJL/=1D�9<O>CKF[Q�hcFJIKB�=L�hy=�T491H[L 9<L>=-D�L�Q�h�C�L.Q�L>=1BGI795MPL>=@FSM�MWANB3LRB�h5L>=N�

��j[L�M�D,FS9-FJ=\MtL C�LN]�F[L�B,h C�IKB3Q HSA¤B�IK9-MtL C�L HSA DG9-A�hcFJusT7L =<QRFJL�B,hcFJ|}F�usTGL£LRHJH[L>f}Mt�RMtLRY�DG9-FSB�Q�F�DGLC�O>=2I�9-MWA�F[=iQ/IKB3=-hcF�h�T4hcF[|wusT4FKB3L.=<LR9)A�F�h�9<L�M�FJ=�L�BPQ�ANTG=<L%usTGL#D,A�9yT4B�o�IKT�HJL6]4L�9<=<LRMtLNB,hwQ�I�B�=-FJC�OR9)A�o,HJLmANTW=<L�F�BCUTWC�ON]4LRHJI7DGD3LNMPL�B�hy=<Q�F[L�B�hcFJ|}FJusT7Ls�

¿w®/µ�¼w¾���Î7Çz³[º�±x¨cª�½�¦�±x¨cª[©¹«<·%¶�±�³Sµ.§c ¬KÂc§c±c·>²�±¯ÁG²Nà ±¯¨cª�ÒJÏ/Ò¯¶<©¹§c±�¶�±3³\à «<È ÉK±c²¯ª[©¬�©¯²¯µ�ª[©¯«2·%¶�±�²�±�¶�«<·�ª-¼wµ/§x³�±c·6ªG³�±x¨�ª¯®sÂc«<§¯©¯±¯¨�¨�²[©¯±c·6ª�©¬�©¹½6¦s±x¨c¾� ±x¨ÄÂc·>«<·/²xÂx¨Ä«<È�¨�±c§c´5µ�ª[©¹«<·>·/±x³S¨�Á�±c·.± ¬S¬K±�ª[Á,·>±Ä¶<©J¨�±c·6ªv§¯©¯±c·NÁG«)¦7¼wµ�¨/ÆK§xµ/·>¶�Ò¯²¯®�«)¨�±¯Á,½6¦/µ/·6ª,Ï#³Sµ.§cÂxµ�³k©Jª�Â�Ï#³Sµ/½�¦�±x³S³�±G©J³�¨�¨�±�§c ¬K»c§x±c·�ªGÎ

Page 8: Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme a l’ epist emologie ... · Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme a l’ epist emologie naturalis ee Bruno Ambroise To cite this version: Bruno

¨cµp²�µ/§xµ/²¯ª�Âc§¯©J¨cµ�ª�©¯«<· ´5µp¶� ¼1±c·>¶�§c±y¶�±x¨1Âc·/«<·>²�Âx¨wª¹®�Â�«<§¯©¯½�¦�±x¨yµ�¦NÐ�½>¦�±x³�¨�©[³S¨y¨�«<·6ªÄ§c±x³~©¹Âx¨c¾��Pà «<·6ª�«-³[«~Æ�©¯±y¶�±v³�µ §cÂxµ�³k©Jª�Â�Ï%³�µ/½6¦s±x³S³[±�¨�±§xµ�¼�¼1«<§xª�±�¦�·>±�ª¯®/Âc«<§¯©¯±�±x¨�ª�¶�«<·�²�§c±x³�µ�ª[©¹´-±3Î�§�±x³Sµ�ª�©¯´-±3Ïm²x±¯ª¯ª¹±Gª¯®�Â�«<§¯©¹±x¾

�@L/=�usT7L/=-hcFJI7B3=�C�L!9\ORFJ|}FJQ�A�hcF[I�B�B,jSFSB,hzLR9�]�FJLRBGB3LNB,h%D,A>=�hcANBGh�usT4j�FSHiB,jJL/=-h�u�TGL>=\hcFJI�B u�TGLCKj[O�B�IKB3Q>O/=I�o�=<L�9�]�A�hcF[I�B�B�L�HJ=mu�T�F3=<Lp9-A�DGD3I79-hzLRB�h1n�C�L>=#=-F�h�T4A�hcF[I�B�=#=-A�B3=mL�B3Q�I79<L.9\O/|5OR9\LN9 n�C�L/=#I�o,{JLNh5=N� Ó F�B3=-F�YGD3I4T49 H[LD3LRhcFSh#L�B�|cA�B�h#usT4FyB3La]KA�D,A�=.ART7f�C�L�HSn�C�L/=�O�B�I�B�Q>O>= I7o3=-L�9�]�A�hcF[I�B,B3L�H[=-Y�H�A0=2LNTGHJL0DG9<O>=<LRBGhcA�hcF[I�Bl9<O�QNT�9-9<L�B�h5LBGj[L�B�hc9-ANÌJB�L�DGA>=mT�B3L0A�DGDG9<ORE3LNB3=\FJI�B�C�L�HSA�9<O�A�H[FSh5O*L�Blh5LR95MPL�C�L�Q>I79-D3=��GH�A�9<ORFJ|�FJQRA�hcFJI�B�BGjSA�D,A>= HSF[LNT��G�iL>=DGE,9-A>=<L>=pD�9\O/CKFJQRA�hcF~]4L/=-Y�LRHSH[L>=-Y1|5I7BGh%C�OR{Sn�9<L>=2=<L�B�hcF�9.T4B�LWQ�LR9)hcA�F�B3L�I7oG{[L>Q�hcF[|cF[Q�A�hcFJI7BP��HSA�D,9\O/CKFJQRA�hcFJIKB�u�T�F�]KAANTGf5C�L�H�n�C�L H[A�Q>I7BG{[I�B3QNhcF[I�B�LNBA�hch�9)F�o�T�A�BGhyT�B3L.D,9\IKD,9-FJO�hcO n.T�B�I7oG{[L�h-� � B�=<L>Q�I7B3C*DGA>=#L/=-hi|c9-A�B�Q�EGF�CKA�B3=HSA�9<ORFJ|�FJQRA�hcFJI�B AN]4L>Q�H[L>=lORB3I�B�Q>O/=lI�o�=<L�9�]�A�hcF[IKBGB3LRHJ=lQRA�h5ON?�I�9-F[u�TGL>=�`[AN]�L>Q�HSA�?UORB3OR9)A�H�FJ=-A�hcF[I�BKg ��Q/LNTK�4f5QRF=<LRMWo,HJL�B�h�o,FJLRB DGA�9-H[L�9¤C�L Q/IK9)D�=¤IKT CKjJI7oG{[L�h5= ANr�A�BGh�T�B3L Q/IKB3=-F[=-hcA�B3Q/L�D,9)I�D,9)L =�T7=2Q>L�D,hcFSo,HJL>= C�L9<O�A�D,DGA�9-ANÌJhc9<L �KQ�j[L>=-h�n.Q>L B,F~]4LRANT4Y�=<L�H[I�BP_�T�FSB�L�Y�u�TGLmHSjJI7BGh5I7HJIK?�F[L%LRBWh5LN9-MPL>=iC�L.Q�I�9�D3=@DG9<LNB3C�D,HSA>Q/L����ij[L>=�hHSn.u�TGL%=2L#hc9<IKTK]4LmHSA#9-A>QRFSB3LmC�L#H�A#9)ORFJ|cF[Q�A�hcF[I�B��

�tI7hx9<LpFJC�O>Lau�TGL H[L>=#Q�I79-D3=�D3LR9\=\FJ=-hcA�B�hi=<IKB,hw9<O/QNT�9)9-L�B,h5=iL>=\hiC�IKB3Q H[L�|�9�T�FShiCKj~T�B3LphxE�O�I�9-FJL��tB�IKhc9<L=�r�=-h5;�MPL CUT MPIKB3C�L u�T�FqT4hcF�HJF[=<L HSA 9\ORFJ|}FJQ�A�hcF[I�BÄ�!� LNhch5L FJC�O>L BGL D3LNT�h�DGA>=¢]4LRBGFS9 =<LNT�HJLRMtLNB,h�CKLHSj[I�o�=<L�9�]�A�hcF[I�B�M�A�FJ=*B3O/Q>L/=<=-FSh5L!T�B3Lqh�E3O>IK9-F[=-A�hcFJI7B�D,A�9-hcFSQNT�HSFJ;R9<L�C�L�Q/L�HSH[L>f�Q�F#u�TGF A�MP;�B�LnqHSAqD3L�B�=<L�9�L�Bh5L�9-MWL*CKjJI�o,{JLRh�LNh#C�I7BGQ�DGA�9.HSn�n�|�A�FS9<L�9<O>|�O�9<L�9.B3I,= O�BGIKB3Q/O>= I7o3=<LN9�]�A�hcF[I�BGB�L�H[=-YwQ�j[L>=-hcfcn>f�CKFS9<L�n�|cFk�4L�9 C�L>=I�o,{JLRh5=�Q�I7M�MPLl9<O>|�O�9<LNB3Q/L�C�L/=qh5LN9)MPL>=�C�L�BGI�h�9<L�HSA�BK?�AN?�L��%� L�D�L�B3CKA�B�hcY�Q/L usT�F�L>=-h�9<L>=-h5L�oGF[L�B T�BGLusT7L/=-hcFJI7BtC�L.|cA�F�hwL�h�BGI�B*DGA>=iC�LmHSA�B7?�AN?ULp��HJLmHSA�B�?�AN?�L.CKFShw=<L6T4H[L�MPL�B,hvQ/L%usT�F4L/=-hwIKT�H�A#MWIGCKA�H�FSh5O.C�L%Q/L#usT4FL>=\hcY3F�H�B3L�QN9<O>L D,A>=#H[LaMtIKB�C�L�I�o�=<LN9�]4Oa9-A�D�D3IK9-h5O�CKA�B�=#H[L>=.O�B3IKB�Q>O/=#I�o�=<LN9�]�A�hcFJI7BGB3LRHJ=���HJLaH�A�B�?�AN?�L�B�IKTG=A�DGD,9<LNB3C�=<LNT�HJLRMtLRB�h n�H[L>= QRA�9)A>QNh5OR9-FJ=<LR9#?�9-¡>Q>Lan�C�L>= L6�sD,HSF[Q�A�hcFJI7B3=.hcEGO/I�9-FJusT7L/=N� Ê Hy=-jJLRB3=�T�FSh#usT4j[��hc9<L�Y�Q�j[L>=-h��hc9<LmHSAm]�A�HJL6T49 CKj~T�B3Lm]�A�9-F�A�oGHJL.ANTP=<L�F�BC�L Q>LNhch5LmhxE�O>IK9-FJLRY4I4T4Y�D,H~TG=:=\FSM�DGHJLRMtLRB�hcY4QRjJL/=-hwQ>IK9-9<L>=\DGI�B3CU9<L.n#T�Bh5L�9-MWL.¦>ª�©J³~©[¨�Â�¶�µ/·6¨y·/«)ª�§c±�±[Ð<¼w³~©¹²�µ�ª[©¹«<·:ª¯®sÂx«2§¯©¯½6¦s±3C�LmHSA#9<O�A�H�FSh5Os�

� L�Q/LNhch5L¤D�9<I,Q�O>CUT�9\L�=\jJLNB3=)T4F�h F�B3ON]KFShcA�oGH[L�MPL�B�h�T4B�L��:F�B3CKF[|5|5OR9<L�B3Q/L1��u�T�A�BGh�n HSjJIKB,hzI7HJI4?sF[L�YD�T�FJ=2uUT7L�Q/L�H�HJL>f�Q�F�B�L�C�LN]KFJL�B�h�DGHkT7= usT4j�T�B3L�=\FSM�DGHJL0A>|5|cA�F�9<L�C�Lp]�A�9-FSA�oGH[L�hcE3O�I79-FJusT7Ls� ��FyQ>L�usT4FyL>=-h#Q>LNB,hc9-A�HCKA�B3=:T4B�L hcEGO>I79-FJL�=2Q�FJLNB,hcFJ|}FJusT7LRY3Q>La=<I�B,hwo,FJLRBHJL/= D�EG9-A>=-L>=:]�9-A�FJL>=\Y3usT4j[L>H�HJL/=#=<I�F[L�B,hiI�o3=2L�9�]�A�hcFJIKB,B3LRHSHJL/=#IKThcE3O�I79-FJusT7L/=-Y%H[L>=!h�r�D3L/=CKjSI7oG{JLRh5=�9<LNB3Q>IKB,hx9<O/==<IKB,hcY%LNTK��Y.FSB3CKF[|5|�O�9<L�B,h5=Pu�T�A�BGh�n�HSA�]4OR9-FSh5O�C�L>=�DGE�9-A>=<L/=I�o�=<L�9�]�A�hcF[I�B�B�L�HSH[L>=.L�h C�L>=.O�B3I7BGQ>O/=#hcE�O�I�9-FJusT7L/= �lF�B3CKFJ|-|�O�9<L�B,h5=%usT4A�B,hiANT�=\T7Q/Q>;/=%C�L/=#D,9\O/CKFJQRhcFJI�B�=%C�LaH�AhcE3O�I79-FJL��G� LNhch5L F�B3CKF[|5|5OR9<L�B3Q/L�=<LaD�9<IKTK]4L�L�BlQ�I7B3=�hc9�T4F[=-A�BGh C�L>=.|5IKB3QRhcFJIKB�=%C�L�C�O�H[ON?�A�hcFJI7B `[¥y§c«cЯº.¬s¦s·>²¯ª[©¯«2·)g-YC�O>|}FSB,FJL>=�=�T�9�HSjkT4B,F~]4LR9\=�C�L�B�IG=�I�o,{JL�h5=\Y0usT�F1D3L�9-MPLNhch5LNB�h�C�L�hc9-A�B�=<|5IK9-MPLN9 T�B�I�oG{[L�h LNB�T4B�ANT�hc9<Lq��DGA�9LN��L�M�DGHJLRY�DGIKT�9 hzI4T4hy��Y�F�H�r�A�|��G��^*BQ�I�B�=-FJC�;R9\L.A�H[I�9<=#usT7LpB3I,=iD,9<O>CKFJQRA�h5= =<I�B�hy]�9-A�F[=#C�L>=#|z�tCKL>=��WC�I�B�hFSH[=�=<I7BGh ]K9)A�F[=N���#B�ORHSA�9�?�FJ=<=\A�BGh#H[L�D,9)IGQ/O>C�ONY1IKBlD3L6T4hm9)LNM�DGHSA>Q/L�9 H[L>= I�o,{JLRh5=�CKj~T�BGL*hxE�O�I�9-FJL�C�IKBGBGO/L�DGA�9CKjSANT�hc9<L>=�I�oG{[LNh5=i=-A�B�=1A�h�h5L�B�h5LR9wDGI4T491ANT�hcA�BGh�n#H�A ]4O�9-F�h5O%CKL#H�A#hcEGO>I79-FJL��

�wA�9#Q>LpMtI4rsLNBA�9-hcF[|cFJQRFJLRHSYGB�IKTG= DGA�9�]4LRB3I7B3= o,FJLNBn H�A 9<L�H[A�hcF~]�F�h5O�I7BGh5I�H[IK?�FJusTGL ��C�LNTK�tI�B,h5I�HSIK?�F[L>=-Y=-F�L�HSH[L>=.=<I�B,hiLN��DGH�FJQRFSh5L�MPL�B�hiQ/IK9-9\ORHJO/L>= H�j~T�B3L n H�jSANT�hc9<L�Y3=2L�9<I�B�hiLNM�DGF�9)F[u�TGL�MPL�B,h1A�D,DGA�9-FJO/L>=���ANTGQNT�B3L o,A>=<LL�M�DGF�9-FJusT7LmB3LmD3LR95MPL�h�hc9)A.C�L%CKF[=-hcFSB7?�TGL�91H�j~T�B3L.C�L#H�jSART4hc9<L���^*91HSjJI7BGhcI�H[IK?�FJL.C�L#H�A#9<O>|�O�9<L�B�Q>LmBGjSF�M�D3IK9-h5L D,A>=n�H�A�]4O�9-FSh5O C�L�HSA hcE�O>I�9-F[L�=2Q�FJLRBGhcF[|cFJusTGL�C�I7BGhqHSjJI7o3=<LR9c]�A�hcF[I�B L>=\h�=-F�MWD,HJL�MPL�B�hqHSA�?sA�9-A�B,hcFJL =<L�B�=-FSo,HJLI�o,{JL/Q�hcF~]�L �yB3IKTG=*D3IKTK]4I7B3=*A�HJI�9<=�C�O>=-Fk?�B3L�9*DGA�9��18 A�oGFShcE,Ai��Y BGI�B�DGHkT7=*HJL�Q�E,A�hcY MWA�F[=�H�jJL�B�=<L�M�oGH[L�C�LHSjkT4B,F~]4LR9<=1MPI�FSB�=1H[L%QREGA�hcY�I4T0H�A%Q�H�A>=<=<L�T4B,FJusT7Ls�s� L.u�TGFKBGj[L>=-hÄDGA>=iCKF�9<L%usT7LmHSAm9\O/|5OR9)L�B�Q>L#QREGANB�?�Lp�sLRHSHJL.=<LR9)Ah5IKT�{JI4T49<=�C�L BGA�h�T�9<L%|�O�HSF�B3LRY�MWA�F[=1H�A%|cA>Ë/I�BPC�I7B�hwL�H�HJL.=<L�9-A#LN��D,HSF[u�TGO>LmhcE3O�I79)F[u�TGL�MPL�B,h�MWIGCKF[|cFJLR9-A%=-A ]�A�H[LNT�9I�B,hzI7HJI4?sF[u�TGL�Y�IKTPH[A�|cA>Ë>I7B�C�I7BGh1I�BH�A�Q>I7B3=-F[C�O�9<LN9-A�Y3=-A�B�= D3I4T49 ANT�hcA�BGh19)LRMtLNhchc9<L LRB�Q�ANTG=<LpHSA.]4OR9)F�h5O�Y�IKTHSA.|cANTG=�=<LRh5O�Y�C�L#H�A hcE3O�I�9-F[L%usT4FKHSj[LN��D,HSF[u�TGL��

¿w®/µ�¼w¾��q«��P©J³v±x¨cªy½6¦s±x¨cª[©¯«2·�¶�¦a¸�º1ª¯®s±1¶�±w³Sµ ¨�© ÆK·�©¬s©¹²�µ�ª�©¯«<·#Î�²�±x³S³�±xÒ¯²[©�±x¨cªÄª¯«-¦ ÉK«)¦s§x¨�¶��x¼1±c·/¶6µ/·�ª�±1¶�� ¦�·�³[µ/·¹Æsµ�ÆK±�¼wµ/§xª[©¯²¯¦>³k©¯±c§¯Á²�� ±¯¨cª�Ò�Ò¹¶<©¯§c±�µ�¦/¨c¨�©.¶�� ¦s·>± ª�§xµ/¶6¦s²�ª[©¹«<· ¼wµ�§xª[©¹²�¦/³~©���§c±x¾%Çz³.²x«2·>´c©¯±c·�ª ¶�� µ/¶�« ¼wª�±c§ ¦�·/±pµ�ª¹ª[©Jª¯¦s¶�±�È���®>µ/´�©¯«<§¯©[¨cª�± ¤³�� ��Æsµ/§c¶�¶6¦³Sµ/·¹Æsµ¹ÆK±3Î1²�«5¸U¼1§c±c·>¶�§c±:µ/¶��K½6¦/µ�ª�±¯¸#±c·�ªi³�±�¨ ¸m«5ª¯¨�Á1²�� ±x¨�ª1¨�±x¦>³[±¯¸ ±c·�ª1¨cµ/´-«5©¯§#²�«5¸�¸#±c·6ª1³�±�¨m¦>ª[©[³~©J¨}±c§#¶�µ/·�¨.²¯±c§xª¯µN©¹·6¨.²¯«2·6ª�±[ÐGª�±¯¨c¾���K§¯©¹´)±�¶�±1²x±xª¹ª¯±1²�«<·/²�³�¦>¨�©¯«2·�³Sµ,¼1«-¨c¨�©¯È<©J³k©Jª���¶�� ¦U·>±�©�·>¶���ª�±c§¯¸�©¯·>µ�ª[©�«<·a¶�±w³Sµ ª�§xµs¶�¦�²¯ª[©¯«<·a½>¦�©N¼1±c§¯¸#±xªy½�¦�±1¶�±x¦6Ð�¸:µ/·>¦s±x³S¨�¶�±ª�§xµ/¶�¦s²�ª[©¹«<·6¨v©¯·>²�«5¸U¼wµ�ª[©¯È�³�±x¨y§c±c·>¶�±c·�ª�µ/¶���½�¦>µ�ª�±¯¸m±c·6ªv²x«5¸U¼wª¹±�¶�¦#¸���¸m±3³Sµ/·¹Æsµ¹Æ�±x¾

� I�B3=\FJC�O�9-I�B�=#CKjSA�oGI79\CPusTGL HJL/= D3IK9-h5L6T49<=#C�La=-F~?�BGF[|cF[Q�A�hcFJI7B�=<I7B�h1HJL/= D�EG9-A>=<L/=#L�hiusT7LpHJL/= MWI�h5=�BGLHJL/=#A>Q/uUT4F[;�9<L�B,h:usT7L�C�LaDGA�9mHJLa90��HJL�usT4j�FSH[= r�{JI4T7LRBGh-� � FJ=NI�B3=.L�B�=�T�FSh5L�u�TGLaHSA�=-F�?sB,FJ|}FJQ�A�hcF[I�BlCKj~T�B3LaD,EG9-A>=<LL>=\h:Q>L�usT4j[L�H�HJLaDGA�9-hcAN?�L�L�BlQ>I7MWM*T4B�AN]4L/Q�=<L>=mhc9-A>CUT7QRhcFSI�B3=.CKA�B3=.CKjSANT�hc9<L>=mHSA�B7?sAN?�L/=N� � j[I��HSj[LN��D�O�9-FJLRB3Q/LC�LmD3LNB3=2O>L.C�LmHSA#h�9-A>CUT7QRhcFJI7B�9-A>CKFJQ�A�H[L%usT�F4Q/I�B3CUT�FShÄn#HSA#h�E3;/=<L.C�L HSj�FSB3C�ORh5LN9-MWF�BGA�hcFJIKBPC�L H�A#hc9-A>CUT7QRhcFJIKB��

Page 9: Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme a l’ epist emologie ... · Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme a l’ epist emologie naturalis ee Bruno Ambroise To cite this version: Bruno

� L�hch5L�hcE�;>=<L C�ON9-F~]�L�CUT o�O�E,AN]�FJI79)F[=-MPL�C�L _0T4F�B3LRY�usT�jJF�HlQ>I�B�=-FJC�;R9<L��Rhc9<L�I7oGH�F~?�A�h5I�F�9\L LRBHSF�B�?�TGFJ=\hcFJuUTGL D7T4F[=<uUTGL B�IKTG=¤A�D,DG9-L�BGI�B�=¤H[L HSA�B�?�AN?�L L�B HSjSA�D,DG9<LNBGA�B,h�C�L>= ANT4hc9<L/=-Y�QRjJL>=\hzf}n>f5CKFS9<L L�BI�o�=<L�9�]�A�B,h:I4T ��LRh�LNB�=<L�Q�I�B�|cI�9-M�A�B�h:ANTK��Q>IKM�D3IK9-h5LNMWLRBGh5= C�L/=.ANT4hc9<L>= |}A>Q>L�n�Q/L�95hcA�F�B3L/= =-FSh�T�A�hcFJI7B3= IKTLN�KD3O�9-F[L�BGQ>L/=N�K�1LNTPFSM�D3I�9-h5LpBGI�h�9\L�]�FJLpMtLRBGhcA�H[L���� Ê HGB,j~r�A 9-FJLRB�C�LaHSA�=-F~?�B,FJ|�FJQRA�hcFJI�BqHSF�B�?�T�FJ=-hcF¯usT7L�uUT�F�=<I�F�hANTGf5C�L�H�n%CUTWQ>I7MWDGI79)hcL�MPLNBGh�D7T4o,HSFJQ.CKA�B3=�C�L/=iQRFS9<Q�I�B�=-hcA�BGQ>L/=iIKo3=2L�9�]�A�oGH[L>=Ä���

� I7FJQRF�M�A�FSB,h5L�BGANBGhÄHSjJL6��DGO�9-F[L�B3Q/L#C�LmDGL�B3=2O>L.u�T�FSB,FJL�B,B3Ls� Ê H�r A T�BWH�A�B�?�AN?�L%=<I4T49<Q/L ��HJLmHSA�B7?sAN?�L.CGLHSAa{~T�B�?�H[L �,F�HGr�ApT4B�HSA�B7?�AN?UL�QRFSoGH[L ��H[L�H�A�B�?�AN?�L�|cA�M�FJH�FJLR9��G^�Bl=�T�DGDGI,=<L�u�TGLaHJLaHSA�B7?sAN?�L�C�LaHSAa{~T�B�?�H[L�L/=-hT�BWH�A�B�?�AN?�L#A�o�=<I�HkT4MPL�B,h�FSB�Q>IKBGB7T4Y�usT4j�FSHKB3IKTG=i|}ANT4hyC�I�BGQmhc9)A>CUT�FS9<Ls�>�iL>=�=<LNT�HJL/=iC�I�B�B�O>L/=iusT4FKB3I4T7=�=<I�F[L�B�hCKFJ=\D3I�B,FSo,HJL>=.=<I7BGhiH[L�Q>I�M*D3IK9-h5LNMtLRB�hcY�B3IKhcA�M�MPL�B�h@]4L�9-oGA�H�Y�I�o3=2L�9�]�A�oGH[L�C�L>=mBGA�hcFJ|�=%LRhiH[L>= Q�F�9<Q>I�B�=-hcA�B3Q/L>=CKA�B3=.H[L>=<uUTGL�H[H[L>=.F[HwL>=\h:9<ORA�HJF[=<O��7�@L�hc9-A>CUTGQ�h5L6T49.9-A>CKFJQ�A�H1L�=-h#C�I�B�Q�CKA�B3=.H�A�MP��MPL�D�IG=-F�hcFJIKB�`¯I4T�DG9<L/=<u�TGL<gusT7L Q/L�H�T4F�u�TGF�A�D,DG9<L�B�C�H[L.HSA�B7?sAN?�Ls� Ê HGQ>I7B3=-hc9�T�FSh1=<I�BPM�A�B7T7LRHGC�L.hc9-A>CUT7QRhcFJI�BLRB|cA�F[=-A�BGh1C�L>= Q>I7BG{[L>QNh�T�9\L/=nD,A�9-hcFS9WC�L/=WC�I7BGB3O/L>=*FJ=<=)T7L/=WC�L/=WQ/I�M�D3I�9-hcL�MPLNBGh5=*HSF�B�?�T4F[=-hcF¯u�TGL>=��iL�B¤|cA�F�hcY�Q/I�M�MtLqH[L>=�O�B3I7B3Q/O>=*BGLCKFJ=2L�BGh =<IKTK]4LRBGhi9-F[L�B�LRBlC�LNE3IK9<=%C�L/=%QRFS9<Q>IKB�=-hcA�B3Q/L>=.C�L H[LNT�9%O�B�I�B3QRFSA�hcF[IKBGY�HJL/=%ORB3IKB3Q/O>=.u�T�F�D3LR9)MPLNhch5LNBGhC�L�h5L�H�HJL/=�L6��hc9-A�DGI�H�A�hcFJI�B�=�=<IKBGh#9-A�9<L>=\Y1MWA�F[=�H[L>=aDGE�9-A>=<L/=�I�o3=2L�9�]�A�hcFJIKB,B3LRHSHJL/=aHJL�D3LN9-MPLNhch5LNBGh u�T�Fi=<I7BGh.HJLD3I7FSB,hwCKjJLNB,hc9\O�L CUT�HSFSB7?�T4F[=-h5L CKA�B3=�HJL.H�A�B�?�AN?�L O�hc9-A�B�?�LR9��9��I4T49 ��h�9\LmDGHkT7=�D,9\O/Q�F[=-Y�HSA.hc9-A>CUT7QRhcFJI�B*]�A =<L |cA�F�9<LL�BP|cA>Q/L#C�L>=@MW��MPL>=1=\hcFSM*T4H�A�hcFJI�B�=i=<LRB3=<IK9-F[L�HSH[L>=-YKDGHkT4h��7h�u�T�jJLRBt|}A>Q>L.C�L HSA#MP�NMPL%=-F�h�T4A�hcF[I�BÄ�

��A�FJ=�u�TGL/HSHJL L/=-hH�jJI�o,{JL/Q�hcF~]KFSh5O C�L>=�=-hcFSM*T�HSA�hcFJI7B3= ���iIKM�MPLNBGh�C�L/= =�hcF�M�T�HSA�hcF[I�B3=�=<LRB3=<I79)F[L�H�HJL>=D3L6T�]�L�BGh5f�L�H�HJL>=��Rhc9\L�H[L>=aMP�NMtL/=�A�H[I�9<=�u�TGL�YiORhcA�BGh.DG9-F~]�O>L>=\Y1HJL�H[FSB7?�T�F¯=-h5LPL�h.HSj�FSB�CKF~?�;�B�L�B3L�HJL/=aDGA�9-hcAN?�L�BGhDGA>= �:_0T4F�B3L.]�LNT�hiu�TGL H�A�=-hcFSM*T4H[A�hcF[I�B�=2L�=-F�h�T7LpANTtB,F~]4LRANTtB�LNT�9\I7BGA�H�YGM�A�FJ=#=-A�B�= D3I4T49 ANT�hcA�BGhi=-A>QR9-FJ|cF[L�9 nHSj[I�o,{JL>QRhcF~]�F�h5O��U��A�=<I7H~T�hcFJI7BP��C�IKM�FSB3O/L.DGA�9 HJLp9<L�Q>IKT�9<= ANTQ�A�9-A>Q�h5;R9\LpD�T�oGH�FJQ n H�A�|5I7FJ=#CUTQ>I7MWD�IK9)h5LNMPL�B�hHSF�B�?�TGFJ=\hcFJuUTGL%LRhwC�L>=�Q�FS9<Q�I7B3=-hcA�BGQ/L>=iC�LmQ>L.Q�I�M�D�IK9)h5LNMPL�B�hcY�CUT�MWI�F�B3=@DGIKT�9iQ>L#usT4F�Q>I7B3Q/L�95B�L#H[L>=�ONB3IKB3Q/O>=I�o�=<L�9�]�A�hcF[I�B�B�L�HJ=�`[D�T�FJ=<usTGLlB�IKTG=L�B�=<I7MWMPL>=!hzI4T4{[IKT�9\=!n Q>L�BGFk]4L�ANT�g���L/=-h�H�A�=�TGFk]�A�BGh5Ls�i�1jJORB3IKB�Q>OI�o�=<L�9�]�A�hcF[I�B�B�L�H��i�1A�DGFSBa� A =-A&=-F~?�BGF[|�FJQ�A�hcF[I�B�f5=-hcF�M�T�H~TG=�D�IKT�9�HJL�HSFSB7?�T�FJ=-h5L&L�h �%��AN]KAN?sA#�s��A =2A=-Fk?sB,FJ|�FJQRA�hcFJI7B3f5=\hcFSM*T4HkT7=�D�IKT�9WH�jSFSB�CKF~?�;�B�L��1�iL�H�FSB�?�T�FJ=-h5L�I�o�=<L�9�]4L�u�T�A�B3C�HSj�FSB�CKF~?�;�B�LlL>=-h�CKj�A>Q>Q>I79<C�AN]�L>Q���*AN]�AN?�A�����uUT4A�B�CHkTGFSY�F�H�T�hcFJH�FJ=<LR9-A>FSh�����A�D,FSB���� Ê HwL>=2=-A�FJL�A�F�B3=-FyCKjSA>=<=-F�?�B3LR9�=\A0=\F~?�BGF[|cFJQRA�hcFJI7B3f5=\hcFSM*T4HkT7= C�L�i�1A�DGF�B��ana� ��AN]KAN?sA#�s��LRh#=-jJLNBl9-L�MPLNh n�H�jSA�D�D,9)I�o,A�hcFJIKB C�L/=.FSB�CKF~?�;�B�L>=mDGIKT�9%H[L>=.IGQ>QRA>=-FJI7B3= =�T�F~]KA�BGh5L>=6�� ;>=�HJI79\= usT4j[F�H�r�L>=\h�LRB3Q>I4T49-AN?�O�Y�F[H,A>C�I�DGh5Lm����A�D,FSB�� Q/IKMWMPLmT4B�L.h5L�B�hcA�hcFk]4L C�L.hc9-A>CUT7QRhcFJI�BÄ����jJL>=\h�C�I7B3Q=<L6T4H[L�MPL�BGh.HSj�A>=<=<LRBGhcFSMPLNBGh ��CKF[=<=<LRBGhcFSM�L�B�h C�L>=aF~B3CKFk?U;RB3L/=�usT�FiC�O�h5L�9-M�FSB�L�H�jJI�o,{JL/QNhcF~]�F�h5OPC�L>=aEKr�DGI7hxE�;>=<L/= �HSj[I�o,{JL>QRhcF~]�F�h5O�YKHSn%LRB3Q�I79\LRY�L>=\hG?�A�9-A�BGhcF[L DGA�9yT�BP«<È�¨}±c§c´5µ/È�³[±�²�«5³S³�±c²Jª[©¯´-±¯¸m±c·6ªGµ�¼�¼1§c«-¦�´-Âc�

��APQ>I7959<L>QNhcF[I�B�CUT M�A�B�TGL�Hi=<L�{kT�?�LPL�B�=�T�FSh5LPLNB�|cI�B�QNhcFJI7B�C�LP=<IKB�¦/ª[©J³k©Jª� CKA�B3=aHSAPQ�I�B7]4L�9<=-A�hcF[IKBAN]4L/Q�H[L>=mFSB�CKFS?�;RB3L>=6� �UF�HSA�Q>I�B7]4L�9<=-A�hcF[I�BlL>=\hioGI�B�B�L�Y�=-F�HJL/=#D,9<O>CKFJQRhcFJIKB�=%C�L/=#9<O�A>QRhcFJIKB�= ]4LR9-oGA�HJL/=%LRhiBGI7BGf]4LR9)o,A�HJL/=:=2I�BGhy{~TG=-h5L/=-YG=-F�HSA Q>I7E3OR9)L�B�Q>L.L�hyHSA.DGH�ANT7=-F�oGF�HSFSh5OaC�L>=�BGA�hcF[|5= =<I7BGh�oGI7BGBGL>=\Y�A�HJI�9<= IKBPDGLNT�hyHJL.{~TK?�L�9Q>I79-9)L>QRh-����A�FJ=.Q>L�usT4F�C�LRMtL6T49<L�|cA>QRh�T7LRHSY�Q>LaBGj[L>=-h u�TGLaH[A�|cHkTGFJCKF�h5O�C�LaH�A�Q>I7B�]4LR9<=-A�hcFJI7B�LRhiH�A�9<O�A�H�FSh5O�C�LaHSAB3O6?�IGQ�F�A�hcFJI7Bu�TGL H�j~T�B�IKTPHSj�ANT4hc9<LpMWANB�TGL�H�C�L h�9)A>CUTGQ�hcF[I�BPD�L�95MPLNhiCKjSI�o,hzLRBGF�9)YGLRhwBGI7BPDGA>=�T�B3L.D,9<ONh5LNB3CUTGL��=\F~?�BGF[|cFJQRA�hcFJI7B��.Q>I�M*M�T�B3L ANTK�0C�L6T���HSA�B7?�TGL>=6�

��A�Q>I7M�M�T�BGF[Q�A�hcF[I�BB�L D,9\O/=�T�D�D3IG=2L DGA>=mDGHkT7=.C�L�=-FSM�FSH[A�9-FSh5OaANTB,F~]4LRANTB3LNT�9<I�B,A�HG��HJL�QRA�9)A>QRh5;�9-LDG9-Fk]4O¤C�L>=�=2L�B3=\A�hcFJIKB3=�I4T C�L/=l9<O>Q/LNDGh5L6T49<=�=<LNB�=<I�9-FJLRHJ=�B�L�?��NB3L�DGA>=�_0T4F�B3L¤LRhB,jSL�BGh�9-AN]4L¤LRB�9-F[L�BHSj[I�o,{JL>QRhcF~]�F�h5O�CUTHSA�B�?�AN?�L�L�h C�L�=2I�B�A>Q>usT4F[=-FShcF[I�BlQ�A�9mHSj~T�BGF[|5I79)M�FSh5OpD�T�oGH�FJusT7L�L>=\hiFSM�D3I,=<O>LpDGA�9#H�A�=<I,Q�F[O�h5OusT4F�FSB3Q6TGHJuUTGLPH[LPHSA�B7?�AN?ULqL�h�LRBGh�9)ANÌ[B3L!n�T4B�LPQ�I�M�M�T�BGFSQRA�hcFJI�B�A�FJ=<O/L��Ä��L�BGA�h�T�9-A�HSFJ=\MtLqC�L_0T4F�B3L�BGj[L>=-hA�FSB�=-FKDGA>=1hcA�B,h�T�BWB,A�h�T49-A�HSF[=-MPL%C�LmHSA#B,A�h�T49<LmE�T�MWA�F�B3L.uUT4jkT4Bq·6µ�ª¹¦�§xµ�³�©J¨�¸m±�¶�±3³-à ®�©[¨cª�«5©¯§c±�®>¦�¸ µN©¯·/±c�4¿pà ±x¨cª�¶�µ/·�¨�³[±³Sµ/·¹Æsµ¹ÆK±¯ÁG±xª\¼wµ/§3³S¦R©SÁ�¼1«)¦�§c§xµN©[ª�Ò¯«<·.¶<©¯§c±3µ�¦/¨c¨�©SÁ,½6¦s±3³-à ©¯·6ªz±c§�¨c¦sÈ ÉK±c²�ª[©¹´c©Jª�Â�±¯¨cª2Æsµ/§xµ/·�ª[©¯±x¾

8�I4T4h5L/|5I�F[=-Yyn�HSAPCKFJ|-|5OR9<L�B3Q/LWC�L/= D,EG9-A>=<L>=aI�o�=<L�9�]�A�hcF[IKBGBGL�H�HJL/=-Ywo�L�ANTGQ>I4T4D�CKjJORB3I�B�Q>O/= A>CKMPL�hchcL�B�hC�L>=.=-F�h�T4A�hcF[I�B3=m9-F~]�A�H[L>=N� � A�B3=mHJL�Q�A>=.C�L>=.O�B�I�B�Q>O>=.IKo3=2LN95]KA�hcFJI�B,B3LRHJ=-Y�HJLaH�FSB�?�T�FJ=-h5L�L/=<=-A>F[L�C�L�H[L>=mA�DGD,A�9)F[L�9AN]4L/Q�C�L/=#D,EG9-A>=<L/=%|}A�MWF�HSFJ;R9<L>=.uUT4j�FJH�D�L�B3=2L��Rhc9)L�Q>IKM�DGA�9�A�oGH[L>= ��h5LRHSHJL/=%=2I�BGh�HJL/=#E7r>D3IKhcE3;/=<L>=mA�BGA�Hkr�hcF[u�TGL>=��M�A�FJ=�L�B3=)T4F�h5L�Y DGA�9�D�9<I7{JL>QNhcF[I�B,Y:F�H�]�A�L/=<=-ANrsLR9WC�L�Q�I�M�D,9<L�B3CU9<L�u�TGL�H 90��H[L�Q/L>=�MPIKh5=*{JIKTGL�B�h�CKA�B3=�C�L>=DGE,9-A>=<L>=yB�IKB3f5IKo�=<L�9�]�A�hcF[I�B�B�L�HSH[L>=N��^*91n:MPL>=)T49<L.u�TGL#H�jJIKBW=\jJO�H[I�Fk?sB�L%C�LmHSj[IKo3=<LR9�]�A�hcFJI7B�Y�H�jJIKoG{[L>QRhcF~]�F�h5O�Y�Q�jJL/=-hcfn>f5CKF�9<L.HSjSA>Q/Q>I79\C�C�L>=�H[IGQNT�h5LNT�9<= =-T�9:Q/L uUT4j�FJHGQ/I�B7]�FJLRBGh1C�L CKFS9<L�YGC�L6]�FJLRBGh1C�L.DGH~T3= LRBPDGH~TG=#|}HJIKTGL��G` Ê H3L>=\h�LRBL>|�|5LRhWCKFJ|�|cFJQRFSH[L C�L�hc9)I4T�]4LR9C�L>=qQ�I�M�D�I�95h5LNMPL�B�h5=qIKo3=<LN9�]�A�o,HJL/=CKA�B3=qC�L>=q=-FSh�T�A�hcFJI7B3=IKo�=<L�9�]�A�o,HJL/=usT4F=<I7FJL�B,hwCKL>=1h�9-A>CUT7QRhcFJI7B3=iCKj[ONB3IKB�Q>O>=yhcEGO/I�9-FJusTGL>=N� g

��j�FSB�C�O�h5LN9-MWF�BGA�hcF[IKB£C�L�HSA�hc9-A>CUTGQ�hcFJI7B¤FSB,h5L�9�]�F[L�BGh�F[Q�F,�iH[A�D,9<IGQ>O/CUT49<L�F�B3CKF[u�TGO>L�{�TG=�usT�jSFJQ/F#D�IKT�9hc9-A>CUT4F�9<LWC�OR9)Fk]4L�CUT�|}A�FShcYyB3I7BlDGA>=au�TGL�H�AW=-F�?�BGF[|cFJQRA�hcFJI7B�L/=-h#FSB�=<Q�9�T�hcA�oGH[L�Y�M�A�FJ=ph5IKT�h%=-FSM�DGH[L�MWLRB�h%C�L�Q�L

Page 10: Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme a l’ epist emologie ... · Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme a l’ epist emologie naturalis ee Bruno Ambroise To cite this version: Bruno

usT4j�FJHyBGjkrtA*9)F[L�B�u�T�FyA�DGDGA�9-hcF[L�B�B3L*n�H�AW=-F~?�B,FJ|cF[Q�A�hcF[I�B�u�TGFyA�FSH[HJL*ANTGf5C�L�H[nWCUT Q/I�M�DGI�9-h5LNMtLNB,h#HSF�B�?�T�FJ=-hcF[uUT7LCKA�B3=aC�L>=a=<F�h�T4A�hcF[I�B3=aC�I�B,B3O>L/=N� � ;/= HJI79<=-YwF�HwB,j~rPAWD,A>=�C�LWQ/IGCKFJ|}FJQRA�hcFJI�B�D3I,=<=-F�oGHJL�C�L>=pDG9<IGQ/O>CUT�9<L>=-Y1Q�A�9Q�E,A>QNT�B3LpFSM�DGHSF[u�TGL�C�L/=�]�A�H[L�T�9 FSB�Q>I�M�MWLRB3=�T�9-A�oGHJL/=N� Ó FSB�=-FSY,B3I4T7= B�L.D3I4T�]4I7B3=�DGA>=mQ>IGCKF[|cF[L�9 HJLaC�LN?�9<O�C�L?�9<I�h5L>=2u�TGL�usT7L�B�IKTG=.D3I4T�]4I7B3=.A�h�hc9-FSo�TGL�9.ANT�F�B3CKFk?U;RB3L�Q�A�9.9-FJLRB�B�L�BGIKTG=.D3LR95MPLNh#C�L�HJL�C�O/Q�F[C�L�9��4B�IKTG==<I7MWMPL>=pHSFSo,9)L/=�C�L�hc9-A>CUT�FS9<LWC�L�|cA>Ë/IKBlDGHkT7=aIKTlMPI�FSB�=.9-A�hcFJI�B,BGL�H�HJL*HJL�Q>I�M*D3IK9-h5LNMtLRB�h%C�L>=.AN?�LRBGh5=�usTGLB3I4T7=�IKo3=<LR9�]4IKB3=N��� L BGjSL/=-hwusT4j�A>|5|}A�FS9<L%C�LmD�9<I�{[L>Q�hcF[IKB��

�wA�9 Q>I7B3=<O/u�TGL�B,hcY�CKF[|5|�O�9<L�B�h5= hc9)A>CUTGQ�h5L6T49<= 9)A>CKF[Q�ANTK� D3LNTK]4LRBGh£ORHSA�o3I79<LN9 C�L>=�M�A�B�TGL�H[= C�Lhc9-A>CUT7QRhcFJI7B£F�B3Q�I�M�DGANhcFSo,HJL/= �#CKj~T�B3L�DGA�9-h�FSH[=PD�LNTK]4L�B,h�9<L�B3CK9-LlH[L>=qQ>I�M�DGI�9-h5LNMPLNBGh5=!HSFSB7?�T4F[=-hcF¯u�TGL�=C�L>=FSB�CKF~?�;�B�L>= C�L�|}A>Ë>I7BlDGHkT7= I4T�MPI�FSB�=.9-A�hcFJI�B,B3LRHSHJL���CKj�ANT4hc9<L�D,A�95hcY�F�HJ=.D3L6T�]�L�BGh#ORHSA�o3I79<L�9 C�L>=.E�r>D�IKhcE3;/=<L>=A�BGA�Hkr�hcF[u�TGL>=�CKF¯|5|�O�9<L�B,h5L>=�LNhlCKI�B3Q ORHSA�o3IK9<LR9 C�L>=�H�A�B�?�AN?�L>=�CKFJ|�|5OR9\LRBGh5=�� Q�L�H�A n�D,A�9-hcFS9 C�L/=�MW��MPL>=I�o�=<L�9�]�A�hcF[I�B�=N� Ó T4h�9<L�MWLRBGh1CKFShcY,HJLNT�9 MWA�B7T7LRHJ= D�LNTK]4L�B,h��Rhc9<L FSB�CKFJ=-hcF�B�?�T�A�oGHJL/=#usT4A�B,h1ANT��tQ/I�M�D3I795h5L�M�L�BGhI�o�=<L�9�]4O/= LNhwA�hch5LNB�CUT7= C�L>=�F�B3CKF~?�;RB3L>=\Y�MWA�F[=iB�L#D,A>=�hc9)A>CsT�FS9<L C�L.HSA.Mt�RMtL |}A>Ë>IKBPH[L.HSA�B�?�AN?�L =<I4T49<Q>L CKA�B�=HJLpHSA�B7?�AN?�L>f5QRFSo,HJL���` Ó 9<LRMWA�9<usT7LR9�uUTGL H[A hcE�;>=<LaC�L HSj[F�B3C�O�h5LR9-MWF�BGANhcFJI�B�C�L H�A hc9)A>CUTGQ�hcF[I�BqD3LNT�hi=-j�A�DGDGH�FJusT7LR9Q�E�L���=<I7FGQ�A�9 I�B�D3LNT�hyhzI4T4{[IKT�9\=�9<L�hc9-A>CUT�FS9<L =<I7BPHSA�B�?�AN?�L CKA�B3=�H[L.HSA�B�?�AR?UL.F�B3CKF�?�;�B�L =<L�H[I�B�T�BPMWA�B7T7LRHGC�Lhc9-A>CUT7QRhcFJI7B�LRhiH[L�9<LRhx9-A>CUT�FS9<LaAN]4L>Q�H�jSANT�hc9<L�M�A�B�TGL�H,� I�B�D�LNT�h:C�I�B�Q�Q�I�B3=\FJC�O�9<LN9%usTGL�H�j[ANT4hc9<L�uUT4Fy=<L�M�oGH[LDGA�9-H[L�91HJL�Mt�RMWL#H�A�B�?�AN?�L#D,A�9-HJL.LNBt|}A�FSh�T�B�HSA�B7?�AN?UL.O�hc9-A�BK?�L�9iusT�F�B�O>Q>L/=<=-F�h5L T�B3L hc9-A>CUTGQ�hcF[IKB�� g

�#B�DG9-A�hcFJusTGL�Y�oGF[L�Bl=���9)Y�H�jSFSB�C�O�h5LR9)M�FSB,A�hcFJIKBlL>=\h:ON]KFSh5O>L�QNA�9#H[LaHJF�B�?�TGFJ=\h5L�=)T4D,D3IG=2L�usTGL�H[L�HSA�B7?�AN?4Lhc9-A>CUT4F�h�L/=-h�D,9)IGQRE3L.CUTt=-F[L�BLNhyFSH�h�9)A�B�=-DGIG=2L C�IKB3Q.=-A%D,9)IKD,9\L.I�B�h5I7HJI4?sF[L CKA�[email protected]�B7?�AN?UL.F�B3CKFk?U;RB3L���M�A�FJ=Q>LP|}A�FJ=-A�B,h%F�H1H[AWD,9\I7{JLRhch5L�Y1L�h#B�L�HSAPC�O>Q>I4T�]K9\L�D,A>= �wQRjSL>=-h L�B�9-A�FJ=<I7B�C�LP=<L>=�Q�EGI7F~� C�L�hc9-A>CUT7QRhcFJIKB�usT4j�FSHhc9<IKTK]4L Q>LNhch5L.IKBGhcI�H[IK?�FJL CKA�B�=�HSA.HSA�B�?�TGL.FSB�CKF~?�;�B�Lm�WT�BGFSusT7LRMtLRBGh�D,A�9<Q>L.u�T�jSF�H�HSj~r�A.M�FJ=<Ls� Ó T�hc9<L�MPLNBGhwCKF�hcYHSA�hcE�;>=<L�C�L0HSjSF�B3C�ONh5LR95M�FSBGA�hcF[I�Bq]4L6T4h DG9-IKTK]4L�9 usT7L�H�A�hc9)A>CUTGQ�hcF[I�BlA�D,DGI�9�h5L�ANT4hcA�B,h:usT4j[L�H�HJL�B�L�C�O>Q/IKTK]�9<L�YQ�A�9.FSHÄBGj~r�A�D,A>= CKjSANT�hc9<L�9<O/|5ON9<L�B�h#C�La9-A�hcFJI�B,A�HSF�h5O�u�TGL�H�jJI�o�=<L�9�]�A�hcF[I�B�DGA�9�hcAN?�O>L�usT4FÄD3L�9-MPLNh#C�L�o,¡�hcFS9 C�L>=E�r�DGI�h�E3;/=<L>=�CKFJ|5|�O�9<L�B�h5L/=N�

��j�A�{JI4T4h5Lan�HSj�FSB3C�ORh5L�9-M�FSBGA�hcF[IKBlC�L�H�A�hc9-A>CUTGQ�hcFJI7BGY�HSj�FSB�C�O�h5L�9-M�FSB,A�hcFJIKBq��I4TFSB3=2Q�9�T4hcA�o,FSH[FSh5Op�lC�L�H[A9<O>|�O�9<LNB3Q/L����:LRHSH[L>f5QRF4L/=-h�MtI7FSB�=i|cI�9-hcL%usTGL#H�jSFSB�C�O�h5LR9)M�FSB,A�hxF[I�BPC�L#H�A#hc9-A>CUT7QRhcFJI7BP�sQ/LNhch5L%CKL�9-B,FJ;N9<L#F�BGh5LN9�]�F[L�BGhusT4A�B�C�I7B£Q>I7B3=-F[C�;�9<L�H[L>=�DGE,9-A>=<L>=PQ/I�M�MtLqT�B¤h5I4T4h ��H�jSFSB�C�O�h5LR9)M�FSB,A�hcFJI7B£C�L�HSA�9<O>|�O�9<L�B�Q>L�F�BGh5LN9�]�F[L�BGhusT4A�B�CWI7BQ>I�B�=-FJC�;R9<L.HJL>=�h5LR9)M�L>= C�L>=�DGE,9-A>=<L>=���n%h5LRH�h5L�95MPL.D3L6T4h1Q>IK9-9<L>=�D�IKB3CK9<L CKFJ|�|5O�9<LRB�h5L>=�9<O>|5OR9<LNB3Q>L/=N����*AN]�AN?�A����%F[H�HSTG=-hc9<L.HSj�FSB�C�O�h5L�9-M�FSB,A�hcFJIKBC�L.HSA.9<O>|�ON9\LRBGQ>L.��I7BWB�L =-A�FShyDGA>= Q/L%usT4F�9<O/|5;�9<L.nm���*AN]�AN?�A��s� LRBhcA�BGh#usT7L0h5L�95MPLP`¯LNhcYwLNB�HSjJI,Q>Q6T49-9<LNB3Q/L�YwLNBlhcANBGh#usT7L0DGEG9�A>=<L<gN�,��A�F[=.HSj�FSB3C�ORh5L�9-M�FSBGA�hcF[I�B CKL�H�A�hc9-A>CUTGQ�hcF[I�BA�{JI4T4h5LR9-A�FSh�nlQ>Ll|}A�FSh�HSA�DGIG=2=-FSo,FSHSF�h5OlCKjJI7oGhcL�B,FS9PC�LNTK��hc9�A>CUT7QRhcFJI�B�=PCKA�B3=�H[L>=<usT7LRHSH[L>=PQ>LRhch5L�D�EG9-A>=<L�=<L�9-A�FShT�hcFSHSF¯=<O/L%C�L.|cA>Ë/IKBtCKF[|5|�O�9<LNBGh5Ls�

_�TGL�H�L>=-h1H[L 9-A�DGD�IK9-hiLNBGhc9)LpHSj�FSB3C�ORh5L�9�MWF�BGA�hcFJI7B6��F�B3=<QN9�T�hcA�oGFSH�FSh5OaC�L HSA 9<O/|5O�9<LRB3Q>LaLNh1HSA 9<L�H�A�hcF~]�F�h5O�C�LHSj[I�B,hzI7HJIK?�F[L � �#Bl|cA�F�hcY3H�A�9<L�H�A�hcF~]�F�h5O�C�L�H�jJI7BGhcI�HJI4?�FJL�L>=-h�9)LRHSA�hcF~]�L�npT4B�M�A�B�TGL�H�C�Lahc9-A>CUT7QRhcFJI�BlLRB�Q>L�=<LNB�=usT7L�Q>LRH~TGF[f5Q�F�I7D3;�9<LpT�B�Q�EGI7F~�PDGA�9-M�F3H[L>=.CKFJ|�|5O�9<LRB�h5L>=.IKB�h5I�HJI4?�FJL>=mA>CKM�FJ=<=-F�oGH[L>= �GLRB�L/|5|�L�hcY,T4BqMWA�B7T7LRH�C�Lhc9-A>CUT7QRhcFJI7Bl]�ANT�h#D�IKT�9.T4B�HSA�B7?sAN?�L�Q>I7MWD,HJL�hcY1L�h.C�IKB3Q�ANTG=<=2FwD�IKT�9 HJL>=aO�B�I�B3Q/O>=phcEGO>I�9-F[u�TGL>=au�TGF1|�F~�4LRBGhHSj[I�B,hzI7HJIK?�F[L�u�TGFy=<L�9-A�hchcA>Q�E�L�ANT���ORB3I7B3Q>O/= IKo3=<LR9�]�A�hcFJI7B�B3L�H[=N�3� L>= C�LR9-BGFJLR9<=.B3L�DGLR9)M�L�hchcL�B�h DGA>= C�L�CKF�9<LHSj[I�B,hzI7HJIK?�F[L C�L Q>L CKI�B�hyFSHJ=�D,A�9)H[L�B,hcY4QRA�9iHJL/=�h5LN9)MPL>= CKI�B�h�F�HJ= =<I7BGh1|5I�9�MtO/= =<IKBGhw=2IKT�MWF[=in.HSj�FSB�=<Q�9�T�hcA�oGFSH�FSh5OC�L H�A 9<O>|5OR9<L�B3Q/L �7MWA�F[=#C�;>=�HJI�9<=#uUT�jJI7B�QRE3I�F[=-FShyT�BH�A�B�?�AN?�LRY�T�B�=<QRE3;�MPL�Q/I�B�Q>LNDGh�TGL�Hy`¯IKTu�T�jJI7BA>C�I7DGh5LT�B3L|}A>Ë>I7B�C�L�hc9-A>CUT4F�9<L�T�B�HSA�B7?�AN?ULqO�hc9-A�B�?�LR9xg-Y:IKB |cFk�4LCUT�Mt�RMtLPQ/IKT�D�H�jJIKBGhcI�H[IK?�FJLqC�LQ/LCKI�B�h�IKBDGA�9-H[L�� Ó C�I�D�h5LR9aT4B�HSA�B�?�AN?�L�Y L�B�hcA�B,h�u�TGL=<QRE3;RMtLPQ/IKB3Q>LRD�h�T7LRHSY Q�jJL/=-h A>C�I�D�h5LR9aT4B�LPI�B�h5I�H[IK?�FJLs��� LNhch5LA>C�I�D,hcFJIKBP9<O>=-I4T4hyHSj�FSB3C�ORh5LN9-MWF�BGA�hcFJIKBC�L.H�A%9<O/|5ON9<L�BGQ/L LNBWA>=<=)T49-A�BGhÄT�B3L I�B�h5I7HJI4?sF[L�YGQ/L�HSH[L u�T�F�A�DGD,A�9-hcFJL�B,h�nB3I7hx9<LaHSA�B7?�AN?ULs�G�iE�I�F[=-FS9 T�B�MWA�B7T7LRHwC�Lahc9-A>CUT7QRhcFJI�B�D�IKT�9 T�B�HSA�B7?sAR?�L�ORhc9-A�B�?�L�9%O/u�T�F�]�ANT�h:C�I�B�Qan�I�D,h5L�9D3I4T49.T�B�HSA�B�?�AN?�L�IKT�T4B�ANT�hc9\LRYwANr�A�BGh T�B3L�IKBGhcI�H[IK?�FJL*DG9<IKD,9\L��vC�;/= HJI79<=.h5IKT�h#MWANB�TGL�H�YwD�I�9�h5LNT�9�CKj~T�B3LI�B,hzI7HJI4?sF[L�Y 9<O>=<I4T4h H�jSF�B3C�O�h5LR95M�FSB,A�hcFJIKB¤C�LqHSA9-O>|�O�9<LNB3Q/L���^*B¤²¯®�«�©J¨�©JªmA�FSB�=-F#C�LPhc9-A>CUT�FS9<L!���*AN]�AN?�A��s�qDGA�9�i�1A�DGF�B��qANT�HSF[LNT�C�L!�:hc9-A�BGQRE3LPh5LNM�DGI�9<LRHSHJL/=WC�LqH�A�DGFSB�F�h5Oi�RY%²¯®/«5©[¨�©J¨c¨cµ/·6ªp`[FSM�DGIG=-A�B,h¯gaT4B�L�IKB,hzI7HJI4?sF[L�C�LQ>I79-D3= D,H~T�h���h u�TGLPC�L�hc9-A�B3QRE3L>=ah5LNM�DGI�9<L�H�HJL/=N���#h IKB�DGLNT�h�|}A�FS9<LP=�T�oGFS9�H[L�Mt�RMtLP=<I79-h%n�B3IKhc9<L*DG9<IKDG9<LHSA�B7?�AN?ULRY�=2L�HJI7B usT4j[I�BlH[L�DG9<L�B,B3L�DGI4T49.A�9�?�L�BGh#Q/IKMWD,hcA�B,h�I4T�usT4j[I�BlH[L�9<O�F�BGh5L�9-D�9<;�h5L*LNB |5I7B3QNhcFJI7B CKj~T�BM�A�B�TGL�H¯�K�1A�9<O>|�O�9<L�B�Q>LRYvCKF�h:_0T4F�B3LRYvL/=-hiA�H[I�9<=.LN��D,HSF¯u�TGO>L*L�B�h5L�9-MPL>=.C�O>Q�F�hcA�hcFJIKB,B3L�H[= �K�:9-A�o�o,FShG�a9<O>|5;N9<LanC�L>=@HSA�D,FSB3=\Y4I4T0n.C�L>=�§xµ/È�È<©Jª¹¨�Y4=<LRHJI7B�HJLmHSA�B7?sAN?�LRY4usT7I7F4usTGL =<I�F[L�BGh�H[L>=1H�A�DGF�B3=N�

_�T�jJLRB L>=\h5fcFSHÄA�HJI�9<= C�L�H�AW=-Fk?sB,F¯|cFJQRA�hcFJI7B �#�#B�|cA�FShcY@«<·�·>±U¼1±x¦>ª�§¯©¯±c·*±c·�¶�©¹§c±@=\FSB3I7B usT4j[FSHvrtA�MP��MPL=-Fk?sB,FJ|�FJQRA�hcFJI7B u�T�A�B3C FSH.r�A�=-F~?�B,FJ|cF[Q�A�hcF[I�B3=qF[C�L�BGhcF[u�TGL>=��#MWA�F[=�Q>L�H�A B�LlM�A�9<QNE3L�?�T7;R9\L�usTGL�DGIKT�9HJL/=

Page 11: Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme a l’ epist emologie ... · Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme a l’ epist emologie naturalis ee Bruno Ambroise To cite this version: Bruno

O�B�IKB3Q/O>=ahzL/=-hcA�oGH[L>=-YiC�IKB�QPIKo3=<LR9�]�A�hcFJI7B�B3L�H[=N���1At=-Fk?�BGFJ|}F¯Q�A�hcFJI7B�=<L�9)O/CUT4F�h�C�I7B3Q*nWH�j~TG=-AN?�LusT4j[I�B�|}A�FSh C�LQ>LR9-hcA�FSB3=ph5LN9-MtL/=�CKA�B3= Q/L�9�hcA�FSB3L/=�=-F�h�T4A�hcF[I�B�=N� � L�Q>L�H�AWCKO�9-F~]4L*HJL�|cA�F�h%usT7L*HSj[A�BGA�Hkr�hcF[Q�FSh5O�CKj~T�B�O�B3IKB�Q>O�L>=-h9<L�H�A�hcF~]4L n¤=<I7B A�DGD,9)LRBGhcFJ=2=-AN?�L ��BGI4T7=�AN]�I�B3=�A�D,DG9-FJ=�n h5L�B,FS9�=<L>=�hcL�9-MWL/=�D3IKT�9�|cI�B3CKA�M�L�B�hcANTK��L�hO>usT�FS]KA�HJL�B,h5=N���ij[L>=-hmBGI�hcA�M�MPL�B�h#H[LWQRA>=.D3I4T49 H[L>=�ONB�IKB3Q�O/= HJI4?�FJusT7L�=-Y1C�L�h5LRHSH[LW=<I795h5L�u�TGL*HSA�H[IK?�FJuUTGLWL/=-hC�LN]�L�B�TGL�D3IKT�9�B3I4T7= HJL&|5I7B3C�L�MPLNBGh C�L BGI7hc9)L&=�rs=-h5;RMtL&Q>IKB�Q>LND,h�T7LRH�LRh£L>=-h ANT7=<=\F�A�BGA�H~r�hcF¯u�TGL���1jSFSM�D3IK9-hcA�BGQ/L�C�L�HSj�A�BGA�Hkr�hcFJQRFSh5O�D�IKT�9%H�jJORDGFJ=\h5O�MPI�HJI4?�FJL�L�=-h#C�I7B3Q�D,H~T�h��Kh:H�FJO/L�ANT�E�I�HSF[=-MPLWusT4j�A�Tl|cA>F�h#uUT7LHJL/=lO�B�I�B�Q>O>=�A�BGA�H~r�hcFJusT7L/=l=<LR9)A�F[L�B,hC�O�B�TGO>=�C�L�Q>I7B�h5LNB�T L�M�DGF�9)F[u�TGLp�%FSH[=l=<L�9)A�D,D3I79)h5LNB,hWo,FJLRB n�T�BQ>I7B�h5L�B7T�L�M�D,FS9-FJusT7LRY�]4F�A�H[LNT�9<=�HSFJLRB3=*A�]4L/QqHJL>=�O�B�I�B�Q>O�=�I�o3=2L�9�]�A�hcFJI7BGBGLRHJ=-Y M�A�FJ=*FJH[=P=<I�B,h�h5LNB7T7=*D3I4T49A�o3=2I�H~T�MPL�BGh�|�I�B3CKANMPL�B�hcANTK��ANTW=<L�F�BtCUTW=<QRE3;NMPL#Q>IKB�Q>LND,h�T7LRH4usT4j�FSH[=i|5I79-MtLRBGh�Q�I�B,{JI�F�B�h5L�MPLNBGh�ANTK��ANT�hc9\L/=O�B�IKB3Q/O>=N�

��jJL>=\h HJL�E3I7HSF[=-MtLqu�T�F:L6��DGH�FJusT7LR9-APDGA�9<L�F�HSHJLRMtLRBGh.HSAPB�O>Q�L>=2=-FSh5O!HJIK?�F[u�TGLLRh MWA�hcEGORMWA�hcF[u�TGL �yHJL6T49B3O/Q>L/=<=-FSh5O!BGj[L>=-h.DGA>=�F�BGh5LR9)BGL!MWA�F[=�B3L!9<L�HJ;6]4LusTGLC�LqH¯LNT�9�D�IG=-F�hcFJI7B�DGA�9�hcFJQ6T4H�FJ;�9<L!ANT�=<L�F�B�CUT�=<QRE3;�MPLQ>I7B3Q�LRDGh�TGL�HU�Wh5L�H�HJL.u�T�jJI7BWBGL�]4LNT�h�D,A>=1HJL/=1M*T4hcF�HJLR9iL�hwusT7LRY4LRBW9-A�F[=<I�BPC�LmHSAmD3IG=2=-FSo,FSHSF�h5O%C�LmHSF�o3LR9)h5OmIG|5|�L�9-h5LDGA�91H[L E3I7HSF[=-MtLRY�I�B�ON]�F�h5L�9-A%C�L H[L%|}A�FS9<L��

¿w®/µ�¼w¾��*«��m©J³7±x¨cª,½6¦�±x¨cª�©¯«<·.¶�±G³-à ©¹·6ª�±c·�¨�©¯«<· �P²�à ±x¨xªzÒJÏ/Ò¯¶<©¯§c±Ä¶�±x¨y§xÂxµ�³k©Jª�Âx¨�¶�«<·6ª,«<·.·>±2¼w±x¦/ª-¼wµ�¨y¶�¯ª�±c§¯¸i©¹·>±c§3³�±�¨v¸#±¯¸#È�§c±x¨Ä«)¦.³Sµ§c ¬�Âc§c±c·/²¯±¯Á1«)¦t½6¦�©y¨�«<·6ª�« ¼wµ/½>¦s±x¨c¾1¿1±i¨�«<·�ª1³[±x¨U¼w®�§xµ�¨�±¯¨m½6¦�©@§c±c·>¶>±c·�ª�²x«�¸�¼wª�± ¶�± ²¯± ½6¦s±�¼1±c·�¨�±c·6ª1³�±�¨ µ�¦>ªz§c±x¨�Á1¶�± ²x± ½6¦và ©[³S¨¨�© ÆK·�©¬�©¯±c·�ª[Á,«)¦ ¶�±Ä²x±�½�¦�à ©J³S¨6¼1±c§[À)«5©¹´-±c·6ª[ÁK¸:µN©[¨y¶�«<·6ª,³[±x¨y§c ¬KÂc§c±c·6ª[¨y·/±3¨�«<·6ª\¼wµ�¨�³[±x¨v¸ �¯¸ ±x¨N¼1«)¦s§�·>«-¦>¨c¾2Åt¦R©¯·>±Ä±c·6ª�±c·/¶i¸#«<·�ª�§c±c§½6¦và «<·K¼1±x¦>ªv±c· §c±c·>¶�§c±�²�«5¸U¼wª�±¯ÁG±xªv·>«)ª¹µN¸i¸#±c·�ª�¶�±x¨y§cÂxµ�³k©Jª�Âx¨v¸#±c·6ª¹µ�³[±x¨�Á�µ�¦%¨�±¯©¹·%¶�à ¦�·�¼w® º1¨�©¯²¯µ�³~©J¨�¸m±<¼w¦�§y±xª�¶�¦s§w±c·#µ/²�²x± ¼wª¯µ/·�ª¦�·#³Sµ/·¹Æsµ¹ÆK±G¸#±c·�ª¯µ�³~©[¨cª�±�½6¦R©G·/±�§c±¯¸#±¯ª�·�¦>³�³[±¯¸#±c·�ª,±c·.²¯µ�¦>¨�±G³-à «<·6ª¹«)³�« Æ�©¯±3¨�²[©¯±c·�ª[©¬�©¯½�¦�±x¾

� T7=<usT�jJF[Q�F�Y%h5I4T4h5L/=PHJL/=P9<O�A�H[F�h5O>=C�I7BGh�BGI4T7=!AN]4I�B�=PD,A�9)H[O>L/=P9<L�B,hx9<L�B�h*hx9<;>=!oGF[L�B�CKA�B3=PH[L QRA>CK9<LMPIGC�L�9�B3LqCUT�DGEKrs=\FJQ�A�H�FJ=-MPL�u�TGLqHSj[O�DGF[=-h5O�MPI�H[IK?�FJLqB,A�h�T49-A�HSF[=<O>L�C�L�_0T4F�B3L�IKoGH�F~?�LqnA>C�I�D,h5LN9N�w8:I4T7=*HJL/=O�B�IKB3Q/O>=�Q>I�B�=-FJC�OR9<O>=�D3LNTK]4LRB�hB3IKhcA�M�MPLNBGh��Rhx9<L�hc9-A�FShcO>=�ANT�MPIKr�L�B C�L�HSA�H[IK?�F[uUT7L L6��h5L�B�=-FJI7BGB3LRHSH[LQ�H�A>=<=-F¯usT7L.L�h�9<L/=-h5LN9iCKA�B3=@HJL#QRA>CK9\LmC�L#H�A%=<Q�F[L�B�Q�L��

��A�FJ= _�T�FSB�L |cA/FShyA�HJI�9<=�9<L�M�A�9<u�TGL�9 uUT7L.H[L |5A�F�h�CKj�A�DGD,9\LRBGCK9<L C�L>=�DGE,9)A>=2L>= I�o�=<LN9�]�A�hcFJI7BGBGL�H�HJL/=iD,A�9IG=\h5L�B3=\FJIKBlDGL6T4h 9<LND3I,=<LN9�=)T49 C�L>= =-F�h�T4A�hcF[I�B�=#MPL�B�hcA�H[L>=N� �UFwQRjJL>=\h:��A�9�hcEGA�u�T�F�]4L6T4h A�D,DG9<LNB3CK9<Lana8�IKM nCKFS9<Lau�T�jSF[HGD,HJL6T4hcY�Q>L�h1A�D,DG9<L�B�hcF[=<=-AN?�L 9<LRD3IG=2L�=�T�9 HSA DGE,9-A>=<L.� MtLRB�hcA�HSFJ=\h5Li��=2L�HJI7BH�A>uUT7LRHSHJLp��8�I�M&DGL�9<Ë�I7FShusT4j�FJH�L>=-hiLRBhc9-A�FSB�C�L D,HJLNTK]4I7FS9���� � ;>= H[I�9<=-Y,HSjSA�D,DG9<LNBGhcF[=<=-AN?�L�C�L/= DGE,9-A>=<L>=#I7o3=<LR9�]�A�hcFJIKB,B3L�H�HJL/=#C�O�D�LNB3CPC�LHSA�QRA�DGA>QRFSh5O�C�LpBGIG= ANÌ[B3O/= n�C�LN]�F�B3LR9�usTGL�HSH[L�=<I7BGhyB3I,=iD�LN9<Q>L�D�hcF[I�B�=N��_�T�jJLRB�L/=5h5f}FSH,A�HJI�9<=#C�LpHSA D�L�9)Q/L�D�hcF[I�BC�L>=qQ�EGI,=<L>=��:Q>I7M�MtLNB,h�FJC�LNB,hcFJ|}FJI�B�=<f�B3I4T7=!HSj[IKoG{JLRh�o3I�H�Y%L�h�BGI7B¤DGA>=!HJL>=!9-ANr�I�B3=!H~T�MWF�B3L6T��¤u�T�F%B�IKTG=D3LR9-MWL�hchcL�B�h C�L HJLp]4I7FS9 �1�1A�CKF[|5|�O�9<L�BGQ/L�=2L�|}A�FShiLRB�|5I7BGQNhcFJI7B�CKLaHSj�A�hch5LNBGhcFJIKBqD3IK9-h5O>L��4I�BqBGj[L>=�h1DGA>=mANT7=2=<FQ>I7B3Q�LRBGh�9\O�DGI4T49p]4I�F�9 T�B�o3I7HiIKT D�IKT�9 ]4I7FS9�H[L>=a9-ANrsI,B3=aHkT4M�FSB�LNTK� �yHSj�FJC�LRBGhcFJ|}FJQRA�hcFJI�B�=2L�9-A�FSh C�I�B�Q*T4B�LusT7L/=-hcFJI7B�C�L�Q>LRB�hc9)AN?�L�C�LlH�jSA�hch5LNB,hcFJI�B�� ��A�FJ=!HSA CKF[=-hcA>B�Q>L�|5IGQRA�HJL�LNh�HSA�Q�ANTG=-A>H�FSh5O�B3L�=�T7|�|cF[=<L�B,h�DGA>=!nFJC�LRBGhcF[|cFJLR91HSj[I�oG{[L�h�D3LR9<ËNTP�>BGIKTG=iC�L6]4I�B�=iLRB3Q�I�9<L#CKF[=-hcFSB7?�T7LR91HSjJI7oG{[L�h�L�hw=\A%=�T�9\|}A>Q>LRY4LRhw=<L>=yD,A�9-hcFJL>=\Y4usT4F�=<I7BGhDGHkT7=�I4T MPI�F�B3=�=-IKTG= T4B�L MW�RMtL |5I,Q�A�H[L ��Q�j[L>=-h�HSj[O�B3IKB�Q>O I�o�=<LN9�]�A�hcFJI7BGBGLRH u�T�FlF[C�L�BGhcF[|cF[L�9-A�Y IKTC�O�h5LR95M�FSB�L�9-A#]�O�9-FShcANoGH[L�MPL�B�h1Q�L u�TGL Q�j[L>=-hwusT�FGL>=-hyDGL�9<ËNT��L�BP|cA�F[=-A�BGhy9<LNBGhc9)LR9iH�jJIKBGhcI�H[IK?�FJL LRBW{[LNTtCKA�B�=�HSAD3LR9<Q>LNDGhcF[IKBGY�BGI7hcA�M�MtLRB�hwH[L>=�h5L�9-MPL>= IKo3=2L�9�]�A�hcFJI7B�B3LRHJ=@T4hcF�HSF[=<O>=N����j[L>=-hyA>F�B3=-F�B�I�hcA�M�MtLNB,hwD,A�9)Q>L usT�jJI�B�]KACKFS9<La��8�I7M ]4I7FSh�T4B�o�I�H���Y�B3IKTG=.DG9-I�{[L�hcA�BGh#CKANB3= =-A�D�IG=-F�hcFJI�B�L�h HSA�=-F�h�T4A�hcF[I�B usT4FyHSj[L�B7]�FS9<I�B,B3LRYwLNh BGI�BDGA>=:�i8�IKM�]4I7FShyHSA�=�T�9<|cA>Q>LaCUTto�I�H���YGusT7LpB3IKTG=#C�ORhzLR9)M*FSB3LR9<IKB3=#usT7LaQ�j[L>=-hyT�BPoGI�H�u�T�jSF�H�]4I7FShy�P?�9-¡>Q>L ANTh5L�9-MWLp�io�I�H���� � FJ=<I7B3=.C�I7BGQ�u�TGL�Q�jJL/=-h1DGA�9<Q�L�usT7LaBGIKTG=mAN]4I�B�=#A�D,D�9)F[=#npT4hcF�HSF[=<L�9#H[Lah5L�9-MtL��io3I7H���CKA�B3=Q>LRhch5L�=-F�h�T4A�hcF[I�B,Y3L�h1B�IKBP�#=�T49<|}A>Q>L�C�Lpo3I7H���Y�u�TGL�C7A�B3=#Q�LRhch5L�=-F�h�T4A�hcF[I�BGY,B3I4T7= D�IKTK]4I�B�=#CKFS9<Lau�TGLp�i8�I7M]4I7FSh�T�B�o3I7H��

��j�FJCKF[I�MPL.�iÐPDGL�9<Ë�I7FShiusT7Lv¼W��L>=\h�T�hcFSH�FJ=<OpoGFJLRBANTGf5C�LRHSn C�L>=#=-F�h�T4A�hcF[I�B�=#IKo3=<LR9�]�A�hcFJI7B�B3L�H�HJL/= ��M�A�FJ=HSn L�B�Q>I79\L.B�IKTG=�B3L CKFJ=2I�B3= usT7L.B�IKTG=�D3L�9<Q/LN]4I7B3= u�TGL,¼�usTGL CKA�B3= H[L>=#=-F�h�TGA�hcFJI7B3= I��WB�IKTG=�A�]4I7B3=�A�DGD,9)F[=usT7L@¼1� � A�B3=aCKjSART4hc9<L>=aQ>I7B3CKFShcF[IKB3=-YyB3I4T7=pB3L*DGA�9-HJLN9<I7B3=.DGHkT7=aC�L�D�L�9<Q>LRDGhcF[IKBGYyMWA�F[=�C�L�Q�9<IKr�A�B�Q>L>=6�G�iL>=Q>I7B3CKF�hcFJIKB3= CKj�A�hchc9)F�o�T�hcFJI7BC�L Q�9)I4r�A�B�Q>L.BGL =<I7BGhyDGA>=�HJL/= Mt�RMtL/=-Y�MP�NMtL =-j�FSHG=-j[AN?�FSh1ANT3=2=-F3CKjkT4B�L uUT7L/=-hcFJI7BC�LaDG9-I�{JL/Q�hcF[IKB�C�La=<L>=mD�9<IKDG9<L>=.QN9<IKr�A�B�Q>L>=.LNBl|5IKB�Q�hcFSI�B�C�LaHSA�=\FSh�T�A�hcFJI�BlLRh:CKL�Q/L�usT4j[I�B�A�D�DG9-F[=#n�Q�9)I7FS9<LL�B�Q>L/=#IGQ/Q�A>=-F[I�B3=��KHSA o,A>=<L�C�LpHSjSA�hchc9-F�o�T�hcFJI�B�L>=-hiCKI�B�Q.D�H~TG= h5O�B7T7L*`[FSH,BGj~r�A DGA>=#|�I�9<Q>ORMtLRB�h1HSj[I�oG{[L�hiC�LpHSAQ�9<I4r�A�BGQ>L.n I�o�=<L�9�]4LR9-YGQ�I�M�MPL.FSHKr�A H�A%D,9\O/=<L�B�Q>L C�L.H�jJI�o,{JLRh�C�L.H�A%D�L�9<Q>LRD�hcFJI�B�g-Y�M�A�FJ=�F�H3=-j�AN?�FSh1CUTWMP��MPLDG9<I,Q�L>=<=�TG=N�

��T�9�?�FSh.A�HJI�9<=aHSAPuUTGL>=-hcF[I�B�C�L>=aA�hchcF�h�T7C�L/=�D�9<I7DGIG=-F�hcFJI�B�B�LNHSH[L>=�`��:D�L�9<Q>L6]4I�F�9�usT7L�¼W�RYy�:Q�9<I�F�9\L�usT7L

Page 12: Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme a l’ epist emologie ... · Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme a l’ epist emologie naturalis ee Bruno Ambroise To cite this version: Bruno

D��<gN���#HSH[L>=a9-A�DGD�IK9)h5LNB,h%D,H~T�h��Kh%H�jJORhcA�h�CKj[L>=-D�9-FSh CUT�=�TG{[L�h u�TGLPH�jJORhcA�h�C�L/=�QRE3I,=<L>=��wQ�jJL/=-h CKFS9<LPu�T�jJLRHSH[L>=aB3L9<O>|�;�9<LNBGh�D,A>=i|�I�9<Q�O�MPLNBGh�nmHSA#MP��MPL%QNE�IG=<LmDGIKT�91HJLmHJI,QNT�h5LNT�9iL�h�DGI4T491H�A#D3LR9<=<I�B�B�L%C�IKB,h�FSHKDGA�9-HJLs�s^*BPCKFShusT4j�FJH[= DGA�9-H[L�BGhiC�LpHSA MP��MPL Q�EGI,=<L.�#C�L�CKFJQRhzIa� L�hyB3IKBPD,A>=���C�Lp9\L@��Y3LRhwB�IKTG= A�DGDGLRHJI�B�=#Q>LRHSA�Y,n HSA�=�T�FSh5LC�L �:9<LNBGhcA�BGI7Y�CKF[=<Q>I4T49<= F�BGhcL�B�=-FJI7B�B3L�H¹�G�1A�H[I�F1C�LW=�T�o3=\hxF�h�T4hcFk]�FSh5O�C�L�H�jSF[C�L�BGhcF�h5OWusT�F�|�I�B3QRhcFJI7B�B3L�CKA�B3= H[L>=Q>I7B�h5LN��h5L/= C�L CKFJQ�hcI�B�jJL/=-hyDGA>=�A>=<=�T�9<O>L CKA�B3=�H[L>= Q>I7BGh5LN��hcL>= CKjSA�hchcF�h�T7C�L/=�DG9<IKD3I,=-FShcF[IKBGB3LRHSH[L��G` Ó FSB3=\F � TG=<=<L�H[H9<L�M�A�9<u�T�A�uUT7L �WL/I�9�?�L Ê � =<LaC�L�M�A�B3CKA�=-F ��Q/I�hchiO�hcA�F�h1HSj�ANT4h5L6T49#C�L.Z�A�]�L�9-HJL6r0L�h1B�I�BqDGA>=#=-F ��Q/I�hchiORhcA�FSh�KQ>I�h�hcY�M�A�H~?�9<O�H�jSF[C�L�BGhcF�h5O¤`¯C�L�9<L<glCKL �KQ>IKhchPAN]�L>Q�H�jSANT�h5LNT�9lC�L�Z�AN]4L�9-HJL6r�� g � L�h5LRHSHJL�=<I�9-h5L�u�T�jSF�H�L>=\hFSM�DG9<IKo,A�oGHJL C�L usT�A�BGhcFJ|}FJLR9�=)T49�T�BPFJC�F[I�MPL.FSB,h5L�B3=\FJI�B�B�L�H[� Ê HG=2L�M�oGHJL.A/FSB�=-FKr�AN]4I7FS9#Q>I7BGhc9-A>CKFJQRhcFJIKBPAN]4L/Q.H[A|cA>Ë/I�B C�IKB,hiH�A0=2Q�FJLRB3Q/L�MWIGC�LR95B�L�YwQ�I4T49<IKBGB�O�L�DGA�9.HSA�H[IK?�FJusT7LRY�hc9-A�FSh5L�H[L>=.9<O�A�H�FSh5O/=-Y�D�T�FJ=NusT7L�CKA�B�= Q>L�QRA>=��hc9<L B�L D3L6T4h�D,A>=1��hc9<L HSA�]�A�HJL6T49iCKjkT4B�L ]�A�9-F�A�oGHJLs�

��IKT�9�Q>IKB�Q�F�HSFJLR9�Q>LRHSA¤AN]4L/Q¤H[L¤D,EKrs=-F[Q�A�H�FJ=-MPL£usTGFP=�TGFSh C�L HSj�A>C�I�D�hcF[I�B C�jkT4B�L£OND,FJ=-h5ORMWI�H[IK?�FJLBGA�h�T�9-A�HSF[=<O>LRY3_0T4F�B3L.]�A�|cA/FS9<L A�D,D3LRHGANTPMtI7BGFJ=\MtLpA�B3I�M*A�HG�KHJL>=�D3L�9<Q/L�DGhcF[IKB3=#LRh1HJL/=#Q�9<IKr�A�B3Q/L>=#=<IKB,h1oGF[LNBC�L>=�9<O�A�H�FSh5O/=iB�LNT�9<IKBGA�HJL/=.`¯=�T49�HJL/=<u�TGL�H[H[L>= I�BPD�LNT�hwu�T�A�BGhcF[|cF[L�9cg-Y�FSH�B,j~r�A#o,FJL�BusT�j~T�B=<LNT�HGI�9<CK9<L C�L.9<ORA�HSFSh5O��M�A�FJ=-Y�L�B�A>Q>Q/I�9<C�AN]4L/Q � AN]�FJC�=2I�B��¹ÁNÅt¦/©¯·/±�²�«<·6¨�©¹¶�»c§c±�½6¦s±�²x±Ä½6¦�©,±x¨cª�©¹§c§cÂc¶�¦�²¯ª[©¯È�³�±¯¸#±c·�ª�¸#±c·�ª¯µ�³7§cÂx¨�©¯¶�±�¶�µ/·�¨�³[±x¨�¬�µ2À)«2·6¨¶�±N¬�©kÐ�±c§:²�±x¨ Âc´-Âc·/±¯¸#±c·�ª���§cÂxµ�³k©Jª� ·>±x¦s§c«<·6µ�³�±x¨ ±c·�¨�±¯¸#È�³[±¯Á@¶�±�¸ µ/·�©¹»c§c±@Ï*«<È�ªz±c·�©¯§�¼wµ/§ ±[Ð�±¯¸�¼w³�±i³SµÄ¼1±c§c²x± ¼wª�©¯«<·�½�¦�±�¼�Á1«)¦*³Sµ²�§c« º1µ/·>²�±w½�¦�±N¼w¾ �W©¯·�¨�©SÁG³[±y²�«<·>²�± ¼wª�Ò¯²¯³�Âw¶�¦.¸m±c·6ª¯µ�³,·,à ±x¨cª2¼wµ�¨y³-à ±x¨ ¼1§¯©[ª,¸:µN©J¨y³Sµ ¨ º�·�ª¯µ2Ð�±w¶�±x¨@²¯³Sµ�¦>¨�±¯¨@¶�±w²�«<·6ª¹±c·�¦>¾�¿ à ±x¨cªÄ¶<©¯§c±½6¦s±%³[± ²¯µ/§xµ/²�ªz»c§x±�¼w¦s§c±¯¸#±c·6ª�±[Ð3ª¯±c·�¨�©¯«<·/·>±x³�¶�±%³SµP¨�²[©¯±c·>²¹± �~¨cµq²�µ�¼wµ/²[©JªzÂ%ÏP¨/à ±[Ð<¼1§¯©S¸m±c§%¨�«)¦>¨ ³�µÄ¬�«<§¯¸m± ¶�±%³SµP³�«~Æ�©¹½6¦�± ¶�±x¨¼1§cÂc¶<©¯²¯µ�ª¯¨*²¯³Sµ�¨c¨�©¯½�¦�± ��·Gà ±¯¨cª,¼wµ�¨*§c±¯¸i©[¨�±�±c·l²¯µ�¦>¨�±�¼wµ/§�³Sµ�§cÂxµ�³~©[ª� ¸#±c·�ª¯µ�³[±GÎ#³�µ�¨�²[©¯±c·/²¯±�¼1±x¦>ªaÈ<©¹±c·l±c·�ª�§xµN©[ª�±c§�ª¯«-¦>ªa±c·¨cµ�¦�´-± Æ�µ/§c¶�µ�·6ª,³[±�¶<©[¨�²x«-¦�§x¨�©¹·6ª�±c·�¨�©¯«<·/·>±x³7½6¦�©-¼wµ/§x³�±�¶�±x¨y§cÂxµ�³k©Jª�ÂG¸m±c·>ª¯µ�³[±x¨c¾,¿ à ±�¨cªv²¯±�¶�«)¦sÈ�³[±�¶<©[¨�²x«)¦s§x¨y½6¦R©G±x¨cª,µ/·>«5¸ µ�³�¶�µ/·6¨y²�±¸#«2·�©J¨�¸m±x¾

¿w®/µ�¼w¾���Î�³�±G³~©¯´-§c±3¨}±Gª�±c§¯¸i©¹·>±3¨c¦s§3³Sµm½�¦�±x¨cª[©¹«<·%¶�±G³�µ.´-Âc§¯©Jª¹Â¯ÁG¶�«2·6ª2Åt¦R©x·/±3µ#¦s·>±�²¯«2·>²�± ¼wª[©¯«<·.¶�Â�²J©[ª¯µ�ª[©¯«2·>·>±x³�³[±x¾^�BQ/IKB3=-F[C�;�9<L.h�9)A>CKF�hcFJI7B�B3L�H�HJLRMtLRB�h�CKA�B�=iH�A%D,EGF�HJIG=2IKDGEGF[L#A�B,A�H~r�hcFJusT7L uUTGL.HJL.D�I�9-hzL6T49 C�L.HSAm]4O�9-F�h5O

L>=\h�HSA#D,9<I�DGIG=\FShcFJI7B�����A�FJ=i=\jSAN?�FSh5f}FSH�C�L#H[A#D,EG9-A>=<L.IKTWC�L#H�A%=-Fk?sB,FJ|�FJQRA�hcFJI7BtC�LmHSA#D,9<I�DGIG=\FShcFJI7B ��^*BP=-jSA�hchcA>QREGL?�O�B�O�9-A�HJLRMtLRB�h�n H�A£=-F�?�BGFJ|}FJQRA�hcFJI�B�DGA�9<Q>L¤usTGL¤C�L�=�DGEG9-A>=<L/=�MtI795D,EGI�HJI4?�FJusT7LRMtLRBGhlCKFJ|�|5O�9<LRBGh5L>=�=2I�B�h=<I4T�]4LRBGh�=-F~?�BGF[|cF[Q>A�hcFk]4L�MPL�B,hF�BGh5LN9<Q�E,A�B�?�L�A�o,HJL>=�=-A�B�=lDGI79)h5LN9�A�hch5L�FSB�h5L�n�HSA�]�O�9-FSh5Os� � jSANT�hc9<L�DGA�9-hcY�IKBON]�IGusT7L0?�O�B3OR9-A�HJL�MPL�B�hmHJL�|cA�FSh.u�TGL�H[L>=pDGE�9-A>=<L>=pD3L6T�]4LRB�h%��h�9<L�]K9)A�F[L>=aIKT |cANTG=<=<L/=�=<LRHJI�B�HJL�Q�I�B�h5L6��hcL�YyHSAD3LR9<=<IKBGB�L%usT4F�H�A�C7FShcYGLRh5Q�����A�FJ=�HSA.B3IKhcF[I�BC�L.=-F~?�B,FJ|cF[Q�A�hcF¯I�B�BGj�A%D,H~TG=�o3L�ANTGQ>I4T4DC�L =2LNB3= O�hcA�B�h1C�I7B�B3O/L.HSAhcE3;/=<LPC�L�HSj�FSB�C�ONh5L�95M�FSB,A�hcFJI7B�C�L�H�AWhc9-A>CUTGQ�hcFJI7B��w^�B�A�D�D�L�H�HJL�9-APC�I�B�Q�D,9)I�DGI,=-FShcF[I�B�=�H[L>=aDGE�9-A>=<L/=�u�T�F1B3L=<I7BGh DGA>=a=�T4{[L�hch5L/= n�Q>L/=.]�A�9-FSA�hcF[I�B�= �3Q/L�u�T�jJI7BlD3I4T49-9-A�F~h#A�D�D�L�HJLR9�C�L/= D�E,9)A>=2L>=�ONh5LR95B�L�HSH[L>=N����A�FJ=a=-FwH�jJI7BA>CKMPL�h#u�TGL�hcL�H[= =<I�B�h HJL/=#D�I�9�h5LNT�9\= C�Lp]4OR9-FSh5O�Y�LRB�usTGI�FwQ/I�B3=\FJ=-h5L�H[LNT�9#]�O�9-FShcO �%^0B CKFSh =<IKTK]4L�B,h:usT4j[L�H�HJL>==<I7BGh�]�9-A�F[L>=i=\F4LRHSHJL/=iQ/I�9-9<L>=-DGI7B3C�LNBGhÄn#HSA#9<ORA�HSFSh5O��WM�A�FJ=�Q>LmB3L D�LNT�h�DGA>=���h�9\L�T�B3L#Q/I�959<L/=-DGI�B�CKA�BGQ>LmMWI�h�nMPI�h-��_�T�A�BGh#n*D3LNT�DGH[L�9aHSA�9\ORA�HSF�h5OPC�LW|}A�FSh5=�u�T�FiQ>I79-9\L/=�D3I�B�C�LRB�h%ANTK�lD�EG9-A>=<L/= ]K9)A�F[L>=�`¯LNB�HJL6T49ahzI7hcA�HSF�h5O<g-YQ�j[L>=-h1A�{[IKT�h5L�9#CKL>=#QREGIG=<L/= n.T4B�L.9<O�A�HSF�h5O�C�OR{Sn oGF[L�BPD�LNT�DGHSO>LaL�BP9<O�A�H�FSh5OaQ�I�B3QN9<;Rh5L>= L�h1A�o�=5hc9-A�F�h5L>= `[H�A 9\ORA�HSF�h5OQ>I7M�DG9<LNB�C�LRB L>|�|5LRh:H[L>= QRHSA>=N=<L>=.M�A�hcE3ORMWA�hcF[u�TGL>=-YÄD�TGFJ=NusT7L�Q/LW=2I�BGh#C�L/= I�oG{[L�h5= C�L/=.MWA�hcE�O�M�A�hcF[u�TGL>= LRhusT7L.Q>LRHSHJL/=<f5QRF4|�I�B,h3D,A�9-hcFJL#C�LmHSA%=2Q�FJLRB3Q�L.u�T�F�CKFShwQ/L%usT4F�L>=\h¯gN� �tI4T7=yD�IKTK]4I�B�=1Q>LRD3LNB3CKA�B�hÄhx9-A�FSh5LR91HSA hcE3O�I79-FJLQ>I79-9)L>=\D3IKB3CKA�B,hcFJ=-h5L.C�L.HSAm]4OR9)F�h5O C�L%|}A>Ë>I7BtC�O/|cHSA�hcF[I�B,BGFJ=\hzLRYK��C�O>QRFShcA�hcF[IKBGB3LRHSH[Li�mD3IKT�9i��hc9-L.DGHkT7=�DG9-O>QRFJ= ��ANTHSF[LNT�C�LPCKF�9<L �:H�AWB�L�F~?�LPL/=-h%o,HSA�B�Q�E3L@�t=2=-FiQ�j[L>=-hmT4B�|}A�FSh u�TGL�HSA�B3LRF~?�LPL>=\h%o,HSA�B3QRE3LRYwB�IKTG=�L/|5|}A>Ë>IKB3=aH[L��QRjJL/=-h T�B¤|cA�FSh�u�TGL���LRh�C�O>QR9<O�h5IKB3=�usT7Lp�y�:HSAqB3LRF~?�L�L�=\h�oGH�A�B3QRE3L1��=<=-F#H�AB�L�F~?�L�L>=\h�oGH�A�B3QRE3L�� Ó FSB�=-FSYA�hchc9-FSo7T7LR9#HSAp]4O�9-FSh5Oan�Q>L�h�h5L D,EG9-A>=<LRYvQNj[L>=-h�A�hxhc9-F�o�TGL�9#H�A�oGH~A�B�Q�E�LNT�9#n�H�A�B3LRF~?�L��K�1jSA�hch�9-FSo�T�hcFJI7BlC�Lp]4OR9)F�h5O B�L|cA�F�h�C�I7B3Q�u�T�jJL/|5|}A>Q>L�9*HJL>=*M�A�9\usTGL>=�C�L�QRFShcA�hcF[I�B3= � QRjJL>=�h�CKFS9<L�u�TGLqHJLqDG9<O>CKF[Q�A�h�C�L!]4OR9)F�h5O�L>=�h�=�T�D3LR9<|cH~THJI79<=<u�T�jJI7BH�jSA�hchc9-FSo7T7Lpn.T4B�L D�EG9-A>=<LaC�IKBGB�O�L�����A�F[= FSH�L>=-hyT�hcFSH[L�CKA�B3=�HJL�QRA>=#C�L>=�DGEG9-A>=<L/=#usTGFGB3La=<I�B�h1D,A>=C�I�B,BGO>L/=N� Ê H�L/=-h�T�hcFSHJL�ANTG=�=-F.D3I4T49�T�BGFk]4L�9<=-A/HSF[=<L�9�T�B3L�D,9\IKD�IG=-F�hcFJIKB `[HSj�A�DGDGH�FJusT7LR9Pn�T�B�uUT�A�BGhcF[|cFJQRA�h5LNT�9T�BGF~]�L�9<=<L�H gN� � A�B3=#Q/L�9-hcA�FSB�Q�A>=-Y,HJI79\=2uUT7LpDGA�9#LN�4LRMWD,HJLpBGIKTG=�]4IKT�HJI7B3=�?�ORB3O�9-A�H�F�=2L�9�T4B�L D,9\I7D�9-FJO�h5ORY3LRh1BGI�BDGA>=�T4B�B3IKM�YKBGIKTG=i=<I7M�MtL/=iIKo,HSF~?�O/=iC�Lm9\L/Q>I4T49-FS91n�T4B�L A>=<Q>LRB3CKA�B�Q>L.=<O�M�A�B,hcFJusT7LRY4LRB�T�BGFk]4L�9<=-A�H�FJ=2A�BGhw=)T49T�B�C�I�M�A�FSB�LPCKA�B3=�H[L>usT7LRHiF�H1r�AC�L/=�I�oG{[L�h5=��yHJLCKI�M*A�FSB3LqCUT�H�A�B�?�AN?�L ��I�B�?�O�B�ON9-A�HSFJ=2LPA�HJI79<=�=�T�90C�L/=I�o,{JLRh5=1HSF�B�?�T�FJ=-hcF[uUT7L/=N�

�@L.D�9<O/CKFJQ�A�h1C�L�]4O�9-FSh5O L/=�h�T�BPFSB�h5LR95MPO>CKFSA�F�9<L L�B�hc9<L#H[L.MWI�B�C�L%LRh�HJL/=�MtIKh5=N��� L.u�T�FGL>=\h�]�9-A�F�YGQ�jJL/=-hHSAaDGE,9)A>=2L�Y�MWA�F[=%=\A ]4OR9)F�h5O�Q>I�B�=-FJ=\h5L�CKA�B�=#H[L�|cA�FSh uUT7LaH[L�MtI7B3CKL�L>=-h Q�I�M�MWLaHSA�D,EG9-A>=<L�CKFSh u�T�jSF�H�L>=-h-�K�1A

��Õ !1ø�ÚSì�+:Õ +ié)ó�Ú[í�ð}ø�Û�Ý���á�á ��á#ä�-���+<ã[âJä ->á ��-�� � � � ->ã�á\Ý,×�$�ýxø�ìcí0ô�Û�Ú~ó�Ü<ì5ðcÚkõSö�÷�ìcÜ�ð�ð5Ý �Gø�Û�í/ø�ÛsÝ1ù2ú�F�8mü�õJì�éNí�Õ�ýxì�Õ4í/Ü.÷GÕ-GÛ�î>Ü<þ¯Ý���+�ã�âJä ->á �<ã� %��� -�� '��%-�ãSá)ÝR÷�Õ ô Õ �,Õ Ý��2ø�þJþ�Õ�� -���ÚSê%�\õ � �<Ü��ÝN÷Ké<ìxÚ¯ð�Ý�ù<ú/ú��/Õ

Page 13: Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme a l’ epist emologie ... · Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme a l’ epist emologie naturalis ee Bruno Ambroise To cite this version: Bruno

DGE,9-A>=<LWC�I7FSh%C�IKB�QWCKF�9<LWQ/I�M�MPL�B�h%L/=-h#H[L�MPI�B�C�L�DGI4T49 u�T�jJI7B H�T�F1A�hchc9-FSo�TGL*HJL*DG9<O>CKF[Q�A�h%C�L0]4O�9-F�h5O���^�BQ>I7M�DG9<LNB�C¤o,FJL�B�F[Q�F H�jSTG=-AR?UL�CUT�DG9<O/CKFJQ�A�h*]�9-A�F�Q/I�M�MPL�D3LR95MPL�h�hcA�BGh�HSj�A>=<Q>LRB3CKA�B3Q/L�=<O�M�A�B�hcFJusTGL �%I7BA�DGD,HSF[u�TGL H[L.DG9<O>CKF[Q�A�h1C�Lm]4O�9-FSh5O.n.H[A%D,EG9-A>=<L usT4F�CKFShyHSj[O�hcA>h1CUTWMPI�B�C�L�Y�DGHkT4h��Kh1usT4j�n%H�jJO�hcA�h1CUTPMtI7B3C�L���^*BDGA�9-H[LPA�HJI79<=�C�LQ/LusT4F�DGA�9-HJLqCUT�MPI�B�C�L�Y1DGHkT4h��7h�usTGLCUT�MtI7B3C�LPHkT4F[fcMP��MWLRYiM�A�FJ=�Q/L�H�APBGjJL/=-h�usT4jkT4B�LDG9<I,Q�O>CUT�9\L.=<ONM�A�BGhcF[u�TGL#D,A�9-hcFJQNT�HSF[;�9<L.u�T�F�D�L�9-MWLRhvLRB3Q�I79\LmC�L DGA�9-HJLR9iCUT�MPIKB3C�LRY4CKL%|}A>Ë>IKB*�iFSB�CKFS9<L>QRhzL����

��A�Q/I�B�Q>LNDGhcF[IKB�C�O/Q�FShcA�hcF[IKBGB�L�HSH[L�C�LpHSA.]4OR9)F�h5O B�L�C�I�B,BGL�Q/L�9-h5L>= D,A>=�T�B3L�C�O/|cF�BGFShcF[I�B�C�L HSA.]�O�9-FSh5ORYM�A�FJ=�CKFShlQ/L�D3LRB3CKA�B,h�Q/L¤usT4FWQ/I�B�=-FJ=-h5L¢n¢�Rhc9<L�]�9-A�F�D3I4T49�hcIKT�h5L DGE�9-A>=<Ls� � � 9-A�F���Y�CKFShl_�T�FSB�L�YWL/=-hhc9-A�B3=-D,A�9<LNBGh-� � Lah5LRHSHJL*=<I�9-h5L�usT7L0B3IKTG=.DGIKTK]4I7B3= O�h5LNB�C�9<L�=2I�B�TG=-AN?�L�D3I4T49.HJL/=.DGE�9-A>=<L/= O�h5L�9�B3LRHSHJL/=.ANT��DGE,9-A>=<L>= IK9<CKFSB,A�FS9<L>=��3CKFS9<L�usTGLa� � jSA�FÄMWA�H�ANTK��C�L�B,h5=���L�=-h�]�9-A�F�YwQ�j[L>=-h#CKFS9<L�usT�jJL�H�HJL�B,jJL/=-h�]�9-A�FJL�uUTGL�=-F�H¯LHJI,QNT�h5LNT�9#A�M�A�H�A�TK�!C�LRBGh5=N� �PIKTG=%I7oGh5LNB�IKB3=.L�Bl|cA�F�h1T�B3L�C�O>|}FSBGF�hcFJI7B�F�MWM�A�BGL�B�h5L�C�LaHSAp]4O�9-F�h5O �GL�H�HJL�L>=\hFSM�M�A�B3L�B�h5LmANTW=�rs=\h5;NMtL#CKA�B�=1H�A>u�TGL�H�HJL.L�HSH[L%L/=-hwCKF�h5L%LRhvusT�F�D�L�9-MtLNhyC�L HSA%CKF�9<L��

_�T�FSB�L�9\LR{JLRhchzL�A�FSB�=-F�h5IKT�h5L�hcE�O�I�9-FJL Q�I�E�ON9<L�B�hcFJ=\h5L�I4T�D,9-AN?sM�A�hcFJ=\h5L�C�L�H�A�]4OR9)F�h5O���� L>=�C�LNTK�hcE3O�I79-FJL>=�Q�E�L�9<QNE3LNB,h�n#A�HSH[L�91ART7f�C�L�HSn.C�L.HSA C�O>Q�F�hcA�hcFJI7BtLRBtC�LRMWA�B�CKA�BGhwQ�I7M�MtLRB�h�B3I4T7=@D3I4T�]4I7B3=@A>|5|cF�9-MtLR9T�B3Lp]4O�9-F�h5O�Y�=-F�CKFS9<L�uUT4jkT4B�LaDGEG9-A>=<L�L/=-h1]�9-A�F[L�Y�Q�j[L>=-h =-FSM�DGH[L�MPL�B�hiH�jSA>|�|cFS9-MPL�9N����A�FJ=.Q>L�H�A�C�ORD3L�B�CCUTh�r�D3LC�LPD,EG9-A>=<Lp��DGA�9�LN�,� Y:CKA�B�=�HJLqQ�A>=�C�Lt�:H�AB3LRF~?�LL/=-h oGH�A�B3QRE3L���YiF�H:=�TG|5|�FSh�C�L!9<LN?�A�9<C�L�9�=-F HSAPB�L�F�?�LL>=\hoGH�A�B3QRE3L�� � L�HSA�B�IKTG=lI�9-F[LNBGh5L�C�IKB�Q�]4LR9<=qT4B�L�A�B,A�H~rs=2L�C�L>=�oGA>=<L/=lC�L�H�A�Q�9<IKr�A�B3Q>L�A>=<=�T�9<O>L�LRhPDGA�9Q>I7B3=<O/u�TGL�B,h�]4L�9<=.HSA�MPO�hcEGI,C�L�=<Q�F[L�B,hcFJ|cF[u�TGL�YÄh5L�HSH[LWusT�jJL�H[H¯L�A�O�h5O*C�O>|cF�BGF[L�C�L�|cA>Ë/I�BlE�I�H�FJ=-h5L�ANTlC�O�o7T4h#CUTHSFk]�9<L��w� L�D�L�B�CKA�BGhcY1FSHi|}ANT4h C�F[=-hcFSB7?�TGL�9�H�A�]4O�9-F�h5O�YiuUT�FiL>=2h%o,F~]�A�H[L�BGh5LRYiC�L�HSAPQ�9<IKr�A�B3Q/L�A>=<=�T�9\O/L�Y u�T�FiD�LNT�hA>CKMPL�hch�9\L.C�L>=1C�L6?�9\O/= `¯L�H�HJL.L>=-hwCKL D,H~TG=iL�B*DGH~TG=y?�A�9-A�BGhcF[L#nmMtL/=�T49<L.u�T�jJLRHSH[L%L/=-h�DGH~TG=iQ/I�B�|cFS9-MPO�L<gN�

_�T�A�BGh.ANTK��M�A�hcE3ONM�A�hcFJusTGL>=�uUT4F1B�L�DGA�9-hcAN?�L�B,h%ANTGQNT�B�Q/I�B�h5LRB�T�LRM�DGF�9)F[u�TGLPL�B�Q/LPu�T�jJLRHSH[L>=aB3L=<I7BGh1DGA>=mA�D�DGH�FJusT7O/L>=.CKA�B3=mHSA�=<Q�F[L�B3Q/L�Y�B3I4T7=mHJL/=#h5LNB�IKB3=mD3I4T49#=-Fk?sB,FJ|}FJQ�A�hcF�]4L/=#D,A�9<Q>L�u�T�jJLRHSH[L>=.|5I�9-MPL�B�h�HJLMP��MPL�=2QNE3;�MPLPhcEGO/I�9-FJusTGL�usT�F�C�I7BGB�LH�FJL6T�A�TK��M�A�hcE3ORMWA�hcF[u�TGL>=*A�DGD,HSFJuUTGO>L/= � C�;>=*HJI79<=-Y#=<L�H[I�B B3IKhc9<LA�DGD,9<I�Q�E3L�oGFk]�A�HJLRBGh5LRY�LRHSHJL/=�=<I�B,hW=<I�F�h�]K9)A�F[L>=�=<I7FShW|}ANT7=<=2L>=-Y MP��MPL =\F B3IKTG=PB�LlD,A�9�]4L�BGI7B3=PD,A>=qn H[LC�O�h5LR95M�FSB�L�9N� Ê H�r�A�C�IKB3QaC�L.?�9-A�B3CKL>= D,A�9)hcF[L>=#C�LpHSA�=<QRFJLNB�Q>L�usT�F3=<I7BGhy]�9-A�FJL/= MP��MWLa=-F3LRHSHJL/= B3La=<I�B�h1D,A>=h5L>=\hcA�oGHJL/=%QRA�9%L�H�HJL/=#B,jJI�B,h1DGA>=.C�L�Q>I�B�h5LRB�T�LRM�DGF�9)F[u�TGL�C�F�9\L/Q�h@��L�h L�B�ANT�9)A�F[L�B,hzf�L�HSH[L>=.u�TGL�Y�LRB�9-A�F[=<I�BlCUTE3I7HSF[=-MtLRYiL�H�HJL>=aB�LP=<L�9-A�FJLRBGh#D,A>=�|5I�9<Q�ORMtLNB,h#9<L�M�FJ=<L/=�LNB�usTGL>=-hcF[I�B3=�=-FiLRHSH[L>=�=-jSAR]4O�9-A�F[L�BGh.FSB�Q>I7M�DGA�hcF�oGHJL/=AN]4L/Q#H�jJLN�KD3O�9-F[L�B3Q�Ls�

�#B3|}FSB,YCUT |cA�F�h�usT7L H�jJI7o3=<LR95]KA�hcFJI�B =<I4T7=<f�C�O�h5LN9-M�FSB3L¢HSA hcE3O>I79-FJL `[n�QRANT7=<L BGI7hcA�M�MPL�B�h�C�LHSj�FSB�=<Q�9�T�hcA�oGFSH�FSh5OaC�L HSA 9<O/|5O�9<LRB3Q>L2g#LNhiL�BP9-A�FJ=2I�B�C�L/=#|5IKB�QNhcFJI7B3=#C�ORHJON?�A�B,h5L>=-Y�C�L>= h�E3O/IK9)F[L>=#LRMWD,FS9-FJusTGL�MPL�B�hO>usT�FS]KA�HJL�B,h5L>=-Y�M�A�FJ=mHJI4?sF[uUT7LRMtLRBGhiQ/IKBGh�9)A>CKF[Q�h5I7FS9<L>=-Y,D3L6T�]4LRBGh LN��F[=-h5LN9 �4QRjJL>=\hzf}n>f5CKFS9<L�usT4j[L�HSH[L>=.=-jSA�D,DGH�FJusT7LRBGhANTK�WMt�RMtL/=#C�I�M�A�FSB�L>=#CKj[I�o,{JL�h5=\Y3IKTPDGHkT7=mLN��A>QRh5L�MPL�B�hyANT��WMP��MPL>=mO�B3I7BGQ>O/=#I�o�=<L�9�]�A�hcF[IKBGB3LRHJ=-Y�u�T�jJLRHSH[L�=D3LR9-MWL�hchcL�B�h�C�Lt?UORB3ON9<L�9�C�Lq|cA>Ë>IKB O>usT4Fk]�A�HJLRBGh5LRYiM�A�FJ=-Y DGA�9�L6�4L�M�D,HJLRY:L�H�HJL/=�BGj�A>=<=-F~?�B�L�BGh D,A>=�HSAPMP��MPLI�B,hzI7HJI4?sF[L#ANTK��]KA�9)F[A�o,HJL>=�C�L#H�A#hcE3O/I�9-FJLRY4I4TWL�HSH[L>=�LN��D,HSFJuUT3LRBGh�H[L>=@DG9)O6]�FJ=\FJI�B�=iCKF[|5|5OR9<L�M�MtLRB�h-�s� L�H�A%=<LRMWo,HJLANTG=<=<F.|5A�F�9<L�D3L/=<L�9*T4B�Ll|5I79-h5L�MtLNB,A>Q>LlC�L�9\LRHSA�hcFk]�FJ=-MPLp�:I�B¤D�IKT�9-9)A�F�h�9\LNB�CK9<LlQ�I�M�D,h5LlCUT�MPI�B�C�L�C�LM*T4H�hcFSDGH[L>=�|cA>Ë/I�B�=�CKF[|5|�O�9<L�B,h5L>=�� Ê HiL/=-h%hcIKT�h5L>|�I�F[=�F�B�T�hcFSH[LPC�L�HJL>=aA�D,D3L�H[L�9�C�LNTK��hcEGO/I�9-FJL/=�CKFJ|5|�O�9<L�B�h5L/= �yF�H]�ANT�hwM�FJL6T��WCKF�9\L usT�jJL�H[H[L>= =<I�B,h�C�L6T���]4LN9<=-F[I�B�=:CKjkT4B�L#M���MPL#hcE�O�I�9-FJLs���:B|}A�FShcYGËRA#BGj[L>=-hwusT�j~T�B3L usT7L/=-hcFJI7BC�L*MtI7h5=-Y�LNhmB3IKTG= D�IKTK]4I�B�= MW�RMtL*A�9-9<�Nh5L�9�C�L�D,A�9)H[L�9�C�L*hcE3O�I79)F[LWLRh%CKFS9<L�u�T�jJLRHSH[L>= B�LW=2I�BGh.u�TGLWC�L6T��|5I79-M�T�HSA�hcF[I�B3= CKF[|5|�O�9<L�B,hzL/=N� �UF¤DGA�9&FSM�D3I,=<=-FSo,HJL BGIUTG=&9<L�B�Q>I�B�hc9-F[IKB3= Q>LRD3LNB�CKA�B�h C�L6T�� hcE�O�I�9-FJL/=L�M�DGF�9-FJusT7LRMtLRBGh�O>usT4Fk]�A>H[L�B,h5L>=PM�A�FJ=qu�TGL�B3IKTG=PB�Ll9-O2T7=2=-FS9<F[I�B�=PDGA>=!nlhc9-A�FSh5LN9Q�I7MWMWL�C�LNTK�¢=\FSM�DGHJL/=|5I79-M�T�HSA�hcF[I�B3=@ANT�MWIKr�LNBtC�L/=1|5I�BGQRhcFJIKB�=iC�O�H[ON?�A�BGh5L/=-Y�B�IUT7=�=<L�9-FJI7B3=@A�HJI�9<=�|cA>Q>L�n#hx9<I7FJ=iQRA>=1DGI,=<=-FSo,HJL/= �F��H[L>=.C�LNTK�WhcE3O/I�9-FJL/=#=<I7BGh1HJI4?�FJusT7LRMtLRBGhiQ>IKM�DGA�hcF�oGH[L>=-Y�n�uUTGL�H[uUT7L/=#O�B�I�B3Q/O>= hcEGO/I�9-FJusTGL>= D,9\;/=#usT4F�=<I7BGhFSM�DGH�FJusT7O/=qDGA�9H�j~T�B3L�LRh�B3IKB DGA�9qHSjSANT�hc9<L �.ANTGQNT�B£D,9)I�o,HJ;RMtL.�#F�H�=�TG|5|cF�htC�L�Q�I7B3=-F[C�O�9<LN9PT�B3L�h�E3O>IK9-F[LQ>I7M�MPL T�BWL�B�9-F[Q�EGF[=<=<LRMtLRB�hwC�L HSj�ANT4hc9<LFSFy��HJL/=�C�LNTK��hcE�O>I79)F[L>=�=<IKB,h%L�B�Q�I�9<L�H[IK?�FJusTGL�MPL�BGh Q>IKM�DGA�hcF�oGH[L>=-Y1nPu�TGL�H[u�TGL>=ah5LR9)MPL>=ahcEGO/I�9-FJusT7L/=aDG9<;>=FS9-9<O>CUTGQ�hcF�oGH[L>=1H[L>=�T4B�=1ANTK��ANT�hc9\L/=N�FSF�F,��H[L>=.C�LNTK�thcE�O>I79)F[L>=.=<I�B�h�HJI4?sF[u�TGL�MPL�B,hiF�B3Q>IKM�DGA�hcF�oGHSL/= ��FSH,r�A�A�H[I�9<= T�B�MtI4rsLRBGY�LNBl=-jSA�D,D�TKr�A�B�h:=)T49HJL/= ORB3I7B3Q�O>=�I�o�=<LN9�]�A�hcFJI7BGB�L�HJ=\Y0C�L Q�I7B3=-F[C�O�9<LN9 usT7L�H¯L>=�h5L�9-MWL/= usT4F�C�I7BGB3LRB�hH�FJLNT n C�L>=�O�B�I�B3Q/O>=hcE3O�I79-FJusT7L/= FSB�Q>I7MWD,A�hcFSoGH[L>=a|5I�9-MPLNBGh%C�L6T��l|cA>Ë/I�B3=aCKFJ|�|5O�9<LRB�h5L>=�C�L�=<L*9-A�DGD3I795h5LR9 ANT���Mt�RMtL/=�|cA�F�h5=-Y1IKTL�B�Q>IK9<L�9-L�B�]�I�FJLRB�h n�T�B�Mt�RMWL�h5LN9-MPL�ORD3LRHJO�CKF[|5|5OR9<LNM�MtLRB�h-�3^*B�D�LNT�h A�HJI�9<=m9<L�BGCK9<L�HJL/= C�LNTK�hxE�O�I�9-FJL/=Q>I7M�DGA�hcF�oGH[L>=N�

� I�B3Q�LRBGh�9<IKB3=�B3I4T7=�A�H[I�9<=P=�T�9WH[L =2LNT�H�QRA>=PFSF,�:=�T�DGD�IG=<I7B3=PusT7L�B3IKTG=�ANrsI7B3=PC�L6T���=�r�=-h5;�MPL>=

Page 14: Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme a l’ epist emologie ... · Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme a l’ epist emologie naturalis ee Bruno Ambroise To cite this version: Bruno

9-F~]�ANTK�CKTMPI�B3C�L���B3I4T7=mB3LpDGIKTK]4I�B�=%C�IKB�Q D,A>=#H[L>=mFSB3QRH~T�9<L�h5I4T7=.C�LNTK�CKA�B3=�T4B�L h�E3O>IK9-F[L�D,H~TG= ]KA>=-h5L��� L�=�rs=-h5;RMtL�L/=-h:CKI�B�Q�LNM�DGF�9-FJusT7LRMtLRBGh:O/u�T�F~]KA�HJL�B,h:LRhiHJI4?�FJusT7LRMtLRBGh:Q/I�M�D,A�hcFSo,HJLaAN]4L>QaH[L�B���hc9<L�Y,MWA�F[=#F[H=-j�A�DGD�T�FJL�=�T�9 C�L>=�h5LR9-MtL/=lCKFJ|�|5O�9<LRBGh5=N�.�#B hcA�B,hu�T�jJLRMWD,FS9-FJ=-h5L/=-Y�B�IKTG=lC�LN]�I�B3=�Q>I�B�=-FJC�OR9<LN9�H[L>=lC�L6T��hcE3O�I79-FJL>=�Q/I�M�MPL�]�9-A�FJL/=N�#�#B3Q/IK9<L�D3LNT�hcfcFSH.r�AN]�I�FS9�C�L�=�usTGL>=-hcF[I�B3=�C�L�=-F�MWD,HSF[Q>F�h5O�L�hPCKjJORHJON?�A�B�Q>L�usT4FD3L6T�]�L�BGh�9<L�B�hc9<LN9�LNB�HSF~?�B�L�C�L�Q>I�M*DGhcL�����L0MWF[LNTK��L>=�h A�H[I�9<= CKjJL6��hcFS9�D3L�9.Q>L>=mh5L�9-MWL/= O�h�9-A�B�?�L�9<= C�LaBGI�h�9<LHSA�B7?�AN?ULaQ>I7MWMPL�C�ONB7T7O/=#C�L�=-Fk?�BGFJ|}FJQRA�hcFJI�BÄ� �WI4T7=m|cA�FJ=2IGB�= HSn A�D,D3LRHGn�C�L>=mQ�I�B3=\FJC�O�9-A�hcF[IKB3= D,9)AN?�M�A�hcFJusT7L/=D3I4T49�C�ONh5LR95M�FSB�L�9 u�TGL�H�HJL*hcE3O>I79-FJL�L/=-h ]�9-A�FJLs��` � T49-A�BGh hcIKT�h5LWQ/LNhch5L�CKFJ=2QNTG=<=-FJI7BGYyFSH1|cANT�h#D3LRB3=<LR9 ANT Q�EGI�Fk�L�B,hc9)L�C�LNTK�£MWA�B7T7LRHJ=lC�L�hc9-A>CUT7QRhcFJI�B�=q9)Fk]�ANTK��Y�uUT�F�|�A>F�hPA�DGD�L�H�ANTK�£MP��MPL>=lQR9-FShc;�9<L>=-Y�Q�A�9lQ�jSL/=-h�T�B3L=-F�h�T4A�hcF[I�BP=-FSM�FSH�A�FS9<L�� g

��T�DGD�IG=<IKB�=�MWA�F�B�h5L�BGA�B�h1usT7L.H�A%hcEGO/I�9-FJLm9-F~]�A�H[L =<I�F�hwANTG=<=2F�BGA�h�T�9\LRHSH[L L�h1=-FSM�DGH[L%usT7L.H�A%B���h�9<L�����I7FShI�B�A>C�IKD,h5L.T�B3LaA�hchcFSh�TGC�L�=<L>QNhcA�F�9\Lp��B�IKTG=#9<LR{JL�hcI�B�= h5IKTG= H[L>=.Q>I�B,h5L2��h5L>=.CKA�B3=mHJL/=<usT7LRHJ=mFSBGh5LR9�]�FJLRBGB3LRB�h:=<L/=h5L�9-MWL/=iORhc9)A�B7?�LN9\=���CKA�B�=iQ/L%QRA>=<fcH�n#B3I4T7=@A�HSHJO6?�T7LR9\I7B3=@B3IKhc9<L%|}A�MWF�HSF�A�9)F�h5O#AN]�L>Q.Q>L�hch5Lmh�E3O>IK9-F[L#D�IKT�9whc9-IKTK]4L�9HSAq]4OR9-FSh5O�� ^�T A�HJI�9<=�B�IKTG=�A>C�IKDGhcI�B3=*T�BGL�A�hchcF�h�T7C�L �.QNT�MtORBGFJusTGLlL�h�Q�I�B�=-FJC�OR9<IKB3=�HJL/=PC�LNTK��hcE�O�I�9-FJL/=Q>I7M�MPL ]�9-A�F[L>=N����jJL>=\h�HSn%LNB�Q>IK9<L�T4B�A�D�D3LRH�n#H�jJLRM�DGF�9)F[=-MPL#D7T4F[=<u�TGLmB3IKTG=19<L/|�TG=<I�B�=iC�L.QNE3I�F[=-FS9iLRB�hc9<L%C�L6T��hcE3O�I79-FJL>=�LRM�DGF�9)F[u�TGL�MPL�B,h%O>usT�F~]�A�HJL�B,h5L>=�L�h.ANTG=<=-Fi=-F�MWD,HJL>=6���#h#B3I4T7=aDGI4T�]4I7B3=pMt�RMtL*HJL/=�F�B3QRH~T�9\LPCKA�B�=T�B3L =<L6T4H[L.hcE3O�I�9-F[L�YKB3LNT�hc9<L�Y�L�B�hcA�B�h�usTGL Q�FShcA�hcF[IKB3=N�G` ��jJIUT�oGHSF[I�B�=iD,A>= u�TGL.HJL/=:C�L6T���hcE�O�I�9-FJL/=:C�O/QN9-F~]4LRBGhyHJLMP��MPL�MPIKB3C�L�D�T�FJ=<usT�jJL�H�HJL/=�|5I�B,hA�D�D�L�H�ANT���MP��MPL>=lORB3IKB3Q/O>=�IKo3=<LR9�]�A�hcFJI7B�B3L�H[= �aBGIKTG=�=-A�FJ=2FJ=<=2I�B3==<L6T4H[L�MPL�BGh.HJL�MPIKB3C�LPC�LP|}A>Ë>IKB�]�A�9-F[O>L�YiORhcA�BGh C�IKBGBGO/=�B�IG=aMPIUrsL�B�=aHSFSM�FSh5O/=N� gp�iL�9<L�H�A�hcF~]�F[=-MPLP=<L�M�oGH[LC�I�B�Q B3L6T4h�9-A�HSF[=<O��

�tI4T7=�D�IKTK]4I�B�=�LNB hcIKT�h�QRA>=�CK9<L>=<=<LR9lT�B DGA�9-A�HSH[;�H[L HSF�MWF�h5O¤L�B,hc9\L�H�jSFSB�C�O�h5LR95M�FSBGA�hcF[I�B C�L H�Ahc9-A>CUT7QRhcFJI7B£L�h�H�A =<I4T7=<f�C�O�hcL�9-M�FSBGA�hcFSI7B�CKL�HSA =<QRFJLRB3Q>Lp�:CKA�B�=PHJL/=C�L6T��¤Q�A>=-Y.HSAlh5I7hcA�HSF�h5O C�L/=CKI�B�B3O/L>=L�M�DGF�9-FJusT7L/=lL>=-hPF�B3=\T7|�|cF[=<A�B,h5L�D3I4T49lC�O/Q�FJC�LR9lu�TGL�H�HJL�hcE3O/I�9-FJL�Q�EGI�F[=-FS9N�.��A�F[=lH�jSF�B3C�O�h5LR9-MWF�BGA�hcFJIKB C�L�H�Ahc9-A>CUT7QRhcFJI7B�=-j�A�{JI4T4h5L*n�HSA�=<IKTG=<f5C�ORh5LN9-MWF�BGA�hcFJIKB�LNM�DGFS9-F[u�TGLWC�L*HSA�=<Q�F[L�B3Q/L�Y1Q�A�9 n�H�jSF�BGh5ON9-FJL6T49 MP�NMtL�CKj~T�B=�r�=-h5;�MPL�T4B,FJusT7L CUT MPIKB3C�L =-jSA�D�D,HSF[u�TGL�9-A�LRB3Q/I�9<L�H�A�hc9-A>CUT7QRhcFJI7B�C�L�HSj�FSB3C�ONh5LR95M�FSB,A�hcFJI�B!�pC�L�BGI�hc9-L=�r�=-h5;�MPL�Y�H[L =�rs=-h5;RMtL L6��h5O�9-FJL6T49 C�LN]�9-A ��hc9<L.hx9-A>CUT�FShcYGCKjkT4B�L |cA>Ë>I7BPh5IKT�{JI4T49<=�FSB�C�O�h5L�9�MWF�B3O/L�YKMt�RMtL =-FG=2I�BGhC�O�h5LR95M�FSB�O>=yB3I,=yh5L�9�MtL/=yhcE3O�I�9-F[u�TGL>=-YKB3I,=1I�o,{JLNh5=-YKBGI�h�9<L#I�B,hzI7HJIK?�F[L�Y�L�hcQ��

� B3LqANT�hc9\L�CKF[|5|5OR9<L�B3Q/L�L>=�h�usT7LqH�jSFSB�C�O�h5LR9)M�FSB,A�hcFJIKB¤C�LPH�Ahc9-A>CUTGQ�hcFJI7B BGjSAq9-FJL�B n!]4I�F�9�AN]4L>QqH�A|cA�F�oGH[L>=<=<LaC�L B�IG=#QRA�DGA>Q�F�h5O>=���L�HSH[L 9<O>=)T4H�h5L�CUT|cA�FShiusTGL HJL/=#CKFJ=\D3IG=\FShcFJI7B3=#Q/IKMWDGI795h5LRMtLNB,hcA�HJL>=mIKo3=<LR95]KA�oGHJL/==<I7BGhiH[L>=#¨�±x¦/³[±¯¨iC�IKB,BGO>L>=.CKFJ=\D3IKBGF�oGH[L>=.L�BM�A�hcFJ;R9<L�CKL�=<ONM�A�BGhcFJusTGL�LRh:usT4j�FSH�B3LaD�IKT�959-A�{�A�MWA�F[= rWL�B�AN]4I7FS9CKjSANT�hc9<L�Y�A�H[I�9<=�usT7L H�A¤=<IKTG=<f5C�ORh5L�9-M�FSBGA�hcF[I�B L�M*DGFS9-F[u�T3L¤C�L/=�hcEGO>I79)F[L>=�D3I4T49-9-A�FShl�Nhc9<L�9\O/=<I�HkT7L =-F�T�BA>Q>QR9<I�FJ=2=<L�MPL�B�h#C�L>= |}A�FSh5= I7o3=<LR95]KA�oGHJL/=-YwC�I7B3Q�C�L/= O�BGI�BGQ/O>= I7o3=<LR95]KA�hcFJI�B�B�L�H[=-Y�D3LR95MPL�h�hcA�FJLRBGh#C�L�C�O>QRFJC�LR9L�B,hc9)L�H[L>=�C�LNTK�¤hcE3O�I�9-F[L>=N� � B�A�9-oGF�hx9<L�D3L6T4hPON]4LRB�h�T7LRHSH¯L�MPL�B�hP��h�9<L�hx9<I4T�]4O�CKA�B�=qHJL�Q�A>=�C�L�H�A�=<I4T7=2fC�O�h5LR95M�FSB,A�hcFJI�B�C�L>=.h�E3O�I�9-F[L>= usT4F�B�L�D3L6T4h {�A�MWA�F[= ��hc9<L�hc9<IKTK]4O�CKA�B�=.HJL�QRA>= C�L�HSj�FSB3C�ORh5L�9-M�FSBGA�hcF[I�B CKL�H�Ahc9-A>CUT7QRhcFJI7BGY�L�BPQ>L usT7L Q/L�HSH[L>f�Q�F�BGjSL/=-h1Q�I�B3|�9<I7B�h5O>Lmn%ANTGQNT�B3L.9-O�A�HSF�h5O�`[FSH�B,j~r�A#D,A>=:C�L.¸ µ�ª[ª�±c§w« ¬�¬�µ/²Jª���FSH�B,j~r�ADGA>=mC�L�=-Fk?sB,FJ|}FJQ�A�hcF[I�BKgN���iL>=#C�L6T��WD,EGO�BGI7Mt;NB�L>= BGLpMWI�B�hc9<L�B�h1D,A>= HSA MP��M�L�Q�EGI,=<Lp��HSj~T�B�usT�jSFSH,BGjkr�A DGA>=C�LP=-Fk?sB,FJ|}FJQ�A�hcF[I�B�hc9-A�B3=2Q>LNB3CKA�B,h5L �yHSj�ANT4hc9<LPusT4j�FSHyrAPCKFJ|�|5O�9<LRB�h5L>=�|cA>Ë/IKB3=p]�9-A�FJL/=�C�LPQ/IKB3Q/LN]4I7FS9�H[L�MP��M�LMPI�B3CKL�Y�C�L H�jJLN�KDGHSF[u�TGL�9-Y�C�L#H[L#Q>I7M�DG9<LNB�CK9\L/�

�@LaD,A�9)A�H�HJ;RHJL�L�B�hc9<L H�jSF�B3C�O�h5LR95M�FSB,A�hcFJIKBlC�L H�A�hc9-A>CUT7QRhcFJI7BL�hiH�A�=<I4T7=2f5C�O�h5LN9-M�FSB,A�hcFJIKBlC�L>= h�E3O/IK9-FJL>=DGA�9�HSj[I�o�=<L�9�]�A�hcF[I�B hcF[LNBGhlC�IKB3Q H[I�B7?sh5LNM�D3=6� �@L/=�C�LNTK� DGE�O�BGI�M�;�B3L/=�9<O>=�T�HSh5LRBGhlLNB |cA�F�hlCUT�MP��MPLDG9<I,Q�L>=<=�TG=#`[H[L>=�C�I�BGB�O�L>=@B3L.=�T7|�|cF[=<L�B,h�DGA>=@n%C�O�hcL�9-M�FSBGL�9ÄT�B3L�T4B,FJusT7L.LN��D,HSF[Q�A�hcFJI7BWhcE�O�I�9-FJusTGL<g-YKMWA�F[=1FSHUr AT�B3L�CKFJ|5|�O�9<L�B�Q>L�C�LWC�L6?�9\O*9-A>CKFJQRA�HJL�L�BGh�9<L�H[L>=aC�LNTK��L�B�Q>L�usT7L*HSj�FSB3C�ORh5L�9-M�FSBGA�hcF[I�BlB�L�D�LNT�h#{SA�M�A�FJ=a��hc9<L9<O>=<I7H~TGL ��QRjJL/=-hwF�MWD�IG=<=\FSoGH[L�Y�F�H�BGj~r�A D,A>= C�L ¸:µ�ª¹ª�±c§w« ¬�¬sµ/²¯ªGusTGFGL�BC�O>QRFJC�Ls� Ó HJI�9<= usT4j�T�BP{JIKT�9-Y�D3L6T4h5f���hc9<L�Y�H�A9<O�A�H�FSh5O�Y�Q�j[L>=-h5f}n>f5CKF�9\LmHSj[LNB3=<LRM�oGH[L%C�L/=iORBGI�B3Q�O/=iI7o3=<LN9�]�A�hcF[I�BGBGLRHJ=-YKhc9-A�B3QNE�L�9-A%LNBP|cAN]4L6T49iC�LmHSjkT4B�L%I4T0H�jSANT�hc9<LhcE3O�I79-FJLq9-F~]�A�H[L�Y#C�LqHSj~T�B�I4T�HSj�ANT4hc9<L�C�L>=�C�O6]4L�H[I�D,DGL�MPLNBGh5=�hcE�O�I�9-FJusT7L/=�9<LRB3CUTG=�DGI,=<=-FSo,HJL/=�D,A�9�HSA�=<IKTG=<fC�O�h5LR95M�FSB,A�hcFJI�BÄ��^�BPB�L.DGIKT�9-9)A�C�IKB�Q.{SA�M�A�FJ=#C�O/Q�F[C�L�9#u�TGL�H�HJLaL>=-h1H�A�´)§xµN©¹±�hc9-A>CUT7QRhcFJI�B,Y�D�T�FJ=<usT�jJF�HGB,j~r�A D,A>=C�L =-Fk?sB,FJ|�FJQRA�hcFJI7BPhc9)A�B�=<Q>LRB3CKA�B�h5LRY�A�HJI�9<= usT4j[I�BPDGA�9�]�F[L�B�CK95A.D3LNT�h5f5�Rhc9<L.n%hc9-IKTK]4L�9@T4B�L.hcE3O>IK9-F[L =<Q�F[L�BGhcF[|cF[u�T3LT�BGFJusTGL%C�LmHSA#9<ORA�HSFSh5O.C�I�B�hÄHJL.QN9)F�h5;�9<L 9<L>=�h5L h5I4T4{[IKT�9<=1HSA�]4O�9-FSh5Os�

� §x¦�·/«���� ��� �%Ç����

Page 15: Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme a l’ epist emologie ... · Quine : de l’empirisme sans dogme a l’ epist emologie naturalis ee Bruno Ambroise To cite this version: Bruno

������������ ������������������������ !��#"�$&%'%

�:F�oGH�FJIK?�9-A�DGE,FJL.=<I�M*MWA�F�9\Lp�(8�L6��h5L>=�C�Lm_�T�FSB�L �� ��±xª¯®�«<¶�¨*« ¬�³[«~Æ�©¯²[Y#V B3C�L �%C,���*)�A�9�]�A�9<C � B,F~]4LR9<=-FSh�r �19<L>=<=\Y%��A�MWo,9)F[CU?�L�Y#��A>=<=N� Y�b�d�+sX�� hc9-A>C,�:|c9N� Y#�����HSAN]4LRH[FSBGY ��Âxª¹®/«<¶�±x¨Ä¶�±3³�«~Æ�©¹½6¦s±¯Y Ó 9-MWANB3C���I�H�FSBGY��wA�9-FJ=\Y3b>d-,�V����.:§c«5¸�µ#³�«~Æ�©¹²�µ�³}¼1«5©¯·�ª�« ¬�´c©¯±0/,Y�)�A�9�]�A�9<C � BGFk]4L�9<=-F�h�r �w9<L/=<=-Y��iA�M�oG9-F[CU?ULRY���A>=<=6� Y�b>d�+21���hc9-A>C,��|c9N�sQ/I�H�HJL>QRhcF~]4LmnDGA�9-ANÌ[hc9\LRY � 9)F�BGYKV�X�X314���4�«<§c¶�µs·>¶.«<È ÉK±c²¯ª[Y�� Ê 8 �w9<L/=<=-YG��A�M�oG9-F[CU?ULRY���A>=<=N� Y�b�d35KX �Khc9-A>C,��|c9N� Y��i� �WI,Q�E�LNh�6 � � � I�D�DGY�� ±�¸#«)ªÄ±¯ª�³Sµ²¯®�«)¨}±¯Y87GH�A�MWM�A�9-FJIKB,Y:Q>I7HSH¹��� ��IKTK]4L�H�HJLPo,FSo,HSFJI7hcE3;/u�TGL=<QRFJLRBGhcFJ|}FJusT7L���Y@�wA�9-FJ=-Y.b�d3,Ke �@9\LRDG9-FJ=*CKA�B3=�H�AQ>I�H�H¯�����E,A�M�D3=Ä��������@L�M*r�h�E3L*C�L�HSA�=-F�?�BGF[|cFJQ/A�hcF[I�B���Yib>d�+�e�YwF�B ��A�EGF[L�9<=�C�L � IKr�ANT4MPI�B,hcY�B:9<;�Y��%µÄ¼w®�©J³�«)¨�« ¼w®R©¯±iµ�·�µ�³º1ª[©¯½�¦�±¯Y��FSB7T4F�hcYK�wA�9-F[=-Y3b/d35�V7�� �m·6ª�«)³�«~Æ�©¹²�µ�³,§c±x³�µ�ª[©¯´c©[ªº µ/·/¶%«)ª¹®�±c§y±�¨c¨cµ ºy¨�YG�:I7H~T�MWo,FSA � BGFk]4L�9<=-F�h�r �w9<L>=<=-Y �PL>=@?�I79>AB6 �iI�B�C�9<L/=-Y�b>d35�d��Khc9-A>C,�|c9N� Y � ���1A�9�?ULRANT4H�hcY � ±x³Sµ�ª[©¹´z©[ª�Â1¶�±w³-à «<·6ªz«}³�«~Æ�©¹±1±�ªÄµ�¦>ª�§c±x¨@±x¨c¨cµN©J¨�Y Ó T4o,FJLR9\f}�lIKBGhcA�F~?�B�L�Y3Q/I�H�H¯��� Ó BGA�Hkrs=<LaL�h19-A�FJ=2I�B3=Ä��Y�wA�9-FJ=\Y3b>d�,3,K��/��^*B�hxE�L 9<L�A>=<I7B3=1|�I�9yFSB3C�LRhzLR9-MWF�BGA>QNr IG|�h�9-A�B3=-H�A�hcFJI�B���Y�­�®�±DC�«)¦�§c·�µ�³�« ¬ ¥3®R©J³�«)¨�« ¼w® ºyYE5-,�Y3b/d3,�XK��K­v®s±3§c«2«}ª¹¨�« ¬�§�± ¬�±c§c±c·�²�±¯Y�^*D3LNBP�iIKT�9-h�Y���A ��A�H�HJL�Y Ê H�H¯� Y�b>d3,-1K��/��^*BWL�M�D,FS9-FJQRA�HSHkrpL/u�T�F�]�A�HJLRBGhw=�r�=-h5L�MP=1IG|Äh�E3L�=�I79-HJC ��Y ��§ ��±c·/·6ª�·N©J¨�Y�d�Y3b/d3,�+U�¾F.:§c«5¸�¨cª[©S¸ ¦>³S¦/¨�ª¹«w¨�²J©¹±c·>²¯±¯Y�)�A�9�]�A�9<C � B,F~]4LR9\=\FSh�r��v9<L/=<=-Y��iANM�oG9-FJCU?�L�YU��A>=2=N� Y�b>d�d�+U�

(Ó T4hc9<L>=@h5L2��h5L>=��

� � �:I4T�]�L�9<L>=<=2L¤�&�mµ�¬�«<§c²x±�¶�±3³�µm§c» Æs³[±¯YU��F�B�T�FShcY�Q/I�H�H¯�/����9-FShcFSusT7L���Y��wA�9-FJ=-Y�b>d�e�,K����t��HSAN]�L�H[FSB ����_0T�FSB3L Q>I7BGhc9<L ��A�9-BGA�D,YHSA�D�I�H[O�M�F[u�TGL =�T49 HSjSA�B,A>Hkr�hcFJQRFSh5O L�h�=-A�D�I�9-h5O>L���Y � ±c´5¦�±©¯·�ª�±c§c·6µ�ª�©¯«<·�µ�³[±�¶�±<¼w®R©J³�«)¨�« ¼w®�©¹±¯Y�i� � �G7�� YK�wA�9-F[=-Y3b/d�e31K�� � � AN]�F[C�=<I�Bq�4Ç}·>½�¦�©¹§x©¯±x¨Ä©¯·�ª�«iª�§x¦>ª¹®%µ/·/¶:©¹·6ª�±c§ ¼1§c±xª¯µ�ª�©¯«<·NYG^��4|�I�9<C � BGF~]�L�9<=-FSh�r �y9\L/=<=-Y �tLH=@?�IK9>A�Y�b>d�e�;��Khc9-A>C,�|c9N� YK�i��� B�?�L�H�Y ��·>½�¦�xª�±x¨�¨c¦s§3³Sµ.´�Âc§¯©Jª�Â�±xª�³\à ©¯·�ª�±c§ ¼1§c¯ª¯µ�ª[©¯«2·�Y � � ��E�A�M�o3IKB,Y4Q�I7HSH¯�/� � ANrsI7B�D�EGF�HJIa��Y �*ÌJMPL>=-Y�b>d�d314��i����IGQNE3LNh@�4ÅP¦�©¹·>±a±c·:¼1±c§¯¨ ¼1±c²Jª[©¹´-±¯YI7,HSA�M�MWA�9-FJI7B�Y:Q/I�H�H¯��� �tI4T�]�L�HSH[LqoGFSo,HSF[I�hcE3;/u�TGL�=<Q�F[L�B�hcF[|cFJusTGLi��Y��wA�9-F[=<Yb>d3,KeK��m��)WI�I�AJ=aANr���ÅP¦�©¯·/±¯Á�³Sµ/·¯Æ�¦>µzÆ�±¯Áy±[Ð<¼1±c§¯©¯±c·/²x±¯Á�µ/·>¶�§c±xµ�³k©JªºyY �UhxA�B�|5I�9<C � BGF~]�L�9<=-FSh�r��w9-L>=<=\Y��UA�BK7G9-A�B�Q�F[=<Q>I7Yv��A�H¹� Yb>d�eKe �Uhc9-A>C,�s|�9N� Y � �s��I�HJ=2I�BGY2Åt¦R©¯·>±¯Y � L �:IGL/QJA � BGF~]�L�9<=-FSh5ORY4Q/I�H�H¯�/�1�@L D�I�F�B�h3D,EGF�HJIG=2IKDGEGF[u�TGL���Y3b/d�d�V���7�>�1ANT�?�F[L�9 �9�tà µ/·6ª¯®s§c« ¼1«5³[«~Æ�©¯±3³�«kÆ�©¯½�¦�±�¶�±/Åt¦R©¯·>±¯Á�³-à µ�¼�¼1§c±c·6ª[©[¨c¨cµ¹Æ�±�¶�±G³\à «<È�´c©¯±¯Y � 9-FSB,YK�yA�9)F[=-Y�b>d�d�V���/� � B3LmIKTWC�LNTK��F�B3CKO�h5LN9-MWF�BGA�hcF[IKB3=��RY Ó 9<QREGF~]�L>=iC�L �wEGF�HJIG=2I�D�EGF[L�Y�+�e�Y�b>d�d�+U���� � LRHSA�hcFk]�FSh5O�H[FSB�?�TGF[=-hcFJuUTGL�Y.9<L�HSA�hcFk]4F�h5OlA�B,hcEG9-I�DGI�H[IK?�FJusT3L���YI)*FJ=-h5I7FS9<Ll�mDGFJ=\h5ONMtI7HJIK?�F[L��1A�B�?�AN?�L�Y�b>e�� Ê<Ê Y�i� � �G7�� YK�wA�9-F[=-Y3b/d�dE54��l� � L _0T�FSB3L n ��A�9)B,A�Dq� H�jJLNM�DGF�9)F[=-MPL HJI4?�FJusT7L ANT4{[IKT�9\CKj�E�T�F��RY�FSB � L6]�T7L Ê BGh5LR9-BGA�hcFJIKB,A�HJL C�L�wE,FSHJI,=<I�D,EGF[L�Y�i� � �G7�� YK�yA�9)F[=-Y � O/Q>LNM�o�9\Lab>d�d-,K�)P� ��T4hcB,A�M � � ±xµ�³k©J¨�¸ µ/·/¶�§c±xµ�¨�«<·�Áļw®�©[³[«)¨�« ¼w®R©¯²¯µ�³�¼wµ�¼1±c§x¨�Y � I�HkT4MPL Ê<Ê-Ê Y���A�M�oG9-FJCU?�L � BGF~]�L�9<=-FSh�r �w9<L>=<=\Y��A�MWo,9-FJCU?�L�YK��A>=<=N� Y�b>d�e-1K�� � ±xµ�³~©J¨�¸L/G©[ª¯®¤µ ®>¦R¸:µ/· ¬�µ/²x±¯YM)�A�9�]�A�9<C � B,F~]4LR9<=-FSh�r �y9\L/=<=-YW��A�M�oG9-FJCU?�LRY���A>=<=N� Y�b>d�d�X���hc9-A>C,��|c9N� YW�m�8:F[L�9<Q>LRHSF�BGY��%±�§cÂxµ�³k©J¨�¸#±GÏ.´c©[¨cµ¹Æ�±3®/¦�¸:µN©¹·�Y ��L6T4F�HSY�Q>I7HSH¯�/�i�1jJIK9-CK9<L DGE,FSHJI,=<I�D�E,FJusT7L���Y��wA�9-FJ=-Y�b>d�d�1K�