sakvebi, romelic gvklavs - NPLGdspace.nplg.gov.ge/bitstream/1234/9046/1/Liberali_2010_N...sozar subari, erosi kiwmariSvili, levan gaCeCilaZe, irakli oqruaSvili da koka guncaZe politikur

fasi 2 lari

unda aikrZalos Tu ara sabWoTa simbolika? gv. 06

meCeTi, rogorc amerikuli liberalizmis gamocda gv. 14

CrdiloeT kavkasia: or strategias Soris gv. 20

TiTqmis evropuli TurqeTi gv. 23

konstitucia: irakli kobaxiZe, Tamar xidaSeli gv. 26 / 28

svanuri gegma gv. 30

SeCerebuli investiciebi gv. 32

stalinis Zeglis aRebis istoria gv. 36

kiTxvebi ganaTlebis saministros gv. 42

# 48 / 18 - 24 oqtomberi / 2010

sakvebi, sakvebi, romelic gvklavsromelic gvklavs

gv. 8

nomerSi:

02 fosta

04 mokled

06 ori azri

unda aikrZalos Tu

ara sabWoTa simbolika

sajaro adgilebSi?

gia TorTlaZe VS daviT

gogiSvili

08 mTavari Tema

sakvebi, romelic gvklavs

13 Tvalsazrisi

erToba uZlurebaSia

mark maleni

msoflio

14 meCeTi, rogorc amerikuli

liberalizmis gamocda

irani

17 rialis Savi momavali

mezoblebi

20 or strategias Soris

Tvalsazrisi

42 kiTxvebi ganaTlebis

saministros

mediakritika

43 teletravma

kultura

45 festivalis Semdeg...

sporti

47 visia Cemi klubi

gio axvlediani

qalaqSi moxetiale

kacis

Canawerebi

48 dagvianebuli Civili

Jurnali `liberali~ gamoicema fond `Ria sazogadoeba - saqarTvelos~

mxardaWeriT.

avtoris / avtorebis mier sainformacio masalaSi gamoTqmuli mosazreba

ar gamoxatavs fondis `Ria sazogadoeba-saqarTvelos~

pozicias. Sesabamisad, fondi ar aris pasuxismgebeli masalis Sinaarsze.

The views, opinions and statements expressed by the authors and those providing comments

are theirs only and do not necessarily reflect the position of Open Society Georgia Foundation.

Therefore, the Open Society Georgia Foundation is not responsible for the content of the

information material.

# 48 / 18 - 24 oqtomberi / 2010

TurqeTi da evrokavSiri

23 TiTqmis evropuli

TurqeTi

konstitucia

26 axali premier-ministri

Tvalsazrisi

28 daCqarebuli reforma

ekonomika

30 svanuri gegma

SeCerebuli investiciebi

32 dausrulebeli proeqtebi

Jurnalisturi gamoZieba

36 gayalbebuli werilis

istoria

sazogadoeba

39 Zveli axali saministro

garekanze:

sakvebi, romelic gvklavsilustracia: ruslan beriZe

fo

to

mar

ika

qoCi

aSvi

li

stalinis Zegli goris centraluri moednidan Camoxsnes da droebiT gadamales, 2010

1liberali . oqtomberi 2010 . № 48

redaqtorebi: mTavari redaqtori Sorena SaverdaSvili /aRmasrulebeli redaqtori sofo Waava / kavkasia da konfliqtebi sofo bukia / Jurnalisturi gamoZieba beso kurtaniZe / sazogadoeba Tamar babuaZe / axali ambebi naTia axalaSvili, nana sajaia Jurnalistebi: maia wiklauri, nino gogua, marika qoCiaSvili, eka WiTanava, rusudan fanoziSvili, anita Tvauri, Tamar faradaSvili, nino CimakaZe, nino robaqiZe, naTia guliaSvilikontribucia: mark maleni, giorgi cxadaia, levan izoria, nana sajaia, ninia kakabaZe, daviT buxrikiZe, gio axvlediani, kaxa Tolordava, moli korso, valeri Zucevi, leqso Cqareuli, emil suleimanovi, irakli kobaxiZeredaqcia: foto-redaqtori levan xerxeuliZe / grafikuli dizaini Tornike lorTqifaniZe / redaqtor-stilisti paata Samugia / koreqtori Tamar RonRaZe gamomcemloba: proeqtis menejeri qeTi babunaSvili / proeqtis menejeris asistenti lela SubiTiZe / klientTa momsaxurebis menejeri naTia rusaZe / distributori zviad Sengeliagamomcemeli: Sps `liberali~. misamarTi: Tbilisi 0162, faliaSvilis q. 108. tel.: (995 32) 232235, 233731, 912326. el-fosta: [email protected] sxva gamocemebi: `cxeli Sokoladi~, `cxeli Sokoladi _ literatura~, `biznesi: adamianebi, meTodebi, strategiebi~.`liberalis~ saavtoro uflebebi daculia. JurnalSi gamoqveynebuli masalebis nawilobrivi da/an mTliani gamoyeneba redaqciis Tanxmobis gareSe akrZalulia. beWdva: stamba `favoriti~. misamarTi: Tbilisi, CubinaSvilis q. 50. tel.: (995 32) 95 19 52. www.phfavorite.gegamodis kviraSi erTxel, yovel orSabaTs. pirveli nomeri gamocemulia 2009 wlis maisSi. rekomendebuli sacalo fasi 2 lari.

www.liberali.geISSN 1987-7528

fosta www.liberali.ge

ratom gvWirdeba aTasi rusis

Camoyvana

„argumenti, rom mezoblad da Cvensave

qveyanaSi zogierTebi rusulad lapara-

koben da amitom rusuli unda viswavloT

sustia. Cemi Tanatolebi da Cemze um-

crosebi somxeTSi da azerbaijanSi ufro

ukeT inglisurad metyveleben vidre

rusulad. ... ratom unda gavakeToT

orientiri ufros da ara axalgazrda

Taobaze? Turqulis swavla ufro perse-

qtiuli iqneba da am SemTxvevaSi marto 8

milion azerbaijanelTan ki ar isaubreb,

aramed 77 milion TurqTan, 3 milion

azerbaijanelTan iranSi. amas emate-

bian Turkic language speaking yazaxebi,

Turqmenebi, yirgizebi. sadRac 200 mil-

ioni kaci. Tanac, TurqeTis rogorc re-

gionuli moTamaSis roli izrdeba (maTi

ekonomika am krizisis pirobebSic ki

6%-iT izrdeba), ai ruseTisa ki ra mogax-

senoT. Tu isev FSB-s generlebis xelSi

darCa mmarTveloba, kargi momavali ar

èWyanebaT~. saerTodac, msoflioSi 580

milioni adamiani laparakobs ingli-

surad. 400 milonze meti inglisurad

potenciurad mosaubre Cinelia (vinc

swavlobs inglisurs CineTSi amJamad).

380 milioni ki _ espanurad. visac unda

rusulis swavla iswavlos. lamazi enaa.

oRond pragmatulobidan gamomdinare,

me sxva arCevans gavakeTebdi. rusuli ar-

CeviTi unda iyos da ara savaldebulo.“

nino, 14 oqtomberi

www.liberali.ge

rac vicodiT rusuli, isic bevri iyo.

bevri ramis wakiTxva sxva bevr enazec

SeiZleba. kavkasiaSic da Sua aziaSic

swavloben inglisurs. Zalian ginda aray-

iT da RviniT Camskdari rusebis yureba,

rom naxaven, yvelas saxlSi Tavisi Rvino

aqvs? ggonia rusebi iseve `na ravne~ mi-

giReben rogorc dasavlelebi? CaTvlian,

rom ekuTvniT, da imitom vmaspinZlobT.

ise bevri ojaxi geguleba, vinc rusebs

miiRebs? gogoebs kidev jandabas, mi-

iRebs vinme biWi, ai, biWebs vin miiRebs?

ruseTSi egeni saerTod ar dabrunde-

bian. daTxovdebian, Tu vinme moiyvans.

rom Cavlen, kargs mainc arafers

ilaparakeben. romc ilaparakon, aravin

daujerebs, CarTaven televizors da

gadaifiqreben. milioni mizezi arsebobs,

ratomac rus moxaliseebs aq araferi

esaqmebaT.

sandro, 11 oqtomberi,

www.liberali.ge

emxrobiT Tu ara patriarqis

gancxadebas?

„studenti var da Cems garSemo Zalian

bevri fiqrobs swored sazRvargareT

swavlaze, Cveulebrivia, ukve rom daam-

Tavreb an damamTavrebel kursze xar,

unda waxvide da iswavlo aucileblad.

`saqarTveloSi saTanado codna araa~

`saqarTveloSi swavlas aravin gifasebs~

`rogorc ar unda iswavlo, aravis un-

dixar samsaxurSi, Tu sazRvargareT ar

gaqvs naswavli da kidev mravali mizezi

aqvT amisTvis, aris SemTxvevebic rode-

sac Camosulebi marTlac sxvanairad

uyureben yvelafers, cota damcinavadac

udgebian qarTul mentalitets, iq Tavi-

suflebas eCvevian da aqac surT srulad

gamovlena Tavis. bevri studentisgan

msmenia, rom samuSaod undaT wasvla,

bevri Cemi Tanatoli varjiSs iwyebs,

rom iq fizikurad imuSaos. albaT, jer

aq unda Camoyalibdes mozardi adami-

anad da amowuros yvelanairi swavlis

resursi da Tu ukmayofilo iqneba

Semdeg ganagrZos swavla ucxoeTSi.

meryevi adamiani saqarTveloSic advilad

moeqceva cudi zegavlenis Tu arajan-

saRi Sexedulebebis qveS.“

mixo, 13 oqtomberi,

www.liberali.ge

... mTeli Cveni kulturuli az-

rovnebis ganviTareba Semotanilia

sazRvargareTis saganmanaTleblo

skolebidan.... qarTvelebis masobrivi

gadinebis Sedegad daarsda iveronis

savane, bulgareTis baCkovos savane,

Savi mTis savane, axlo aRmosavleTSi

palestinis teritoriaze jvris savane

da sinas mTis savane...ilia II Tavad

ramdeni aTeuli weliwadi sazRvargareT

ewafeboda codnas da rom ara misi iq

miRebuli ganaTleba, albaT, dRes arc

iqneboda eris sulieri winamZRoli.

gela Jvania, 13 oqtomberi

www.liberali.ge

fasi 2 lari

gavuSvaT Tu ara Svilebi sazRvargareT? gv. 08

ratom gvWirdeba 1000 rusi gv. 16

amerika populisturma moZraobam moicva gv. 17

ugulavas CrdilqveS gv. 25

Jurnalisturi gamoZieba: wyalSi gadayrili fuli gv. 27

Tanamedrove melanqoliis anatomia gv. 36

ìmedis~ saRamoebi giorgi arvelaZesTan erTad gv. 39

feruCo soleri - maradiuli arlekini gv. 43

àfxazeTi~ - Cveni tkivili? gv. 48

# 47 / 11 - 17 oqtomberi / 2010

samtrediis specskola

axali safrTxobelagv. 10

2 liberali . oqtomberi 2010 . № 48

ჰაინრიჰ ბიოლის ფონდის სამხრეთ კავკასიისრეგიონალური ბიურო რეგიონალური სასტიპენდიო პროგრამის

ფარგლებში აცხადებს კონკურსსსოციალურ მეცნიერებებში

რეგიონალური სასტიპენდიო პროგრამის მიზანი:

სასტიპენდიო პროგრამის მიზანია მხარი დაუჭიროს სამხრეთ კავკასიის ქვეყნებში აკადემიური

კვლევების ჩატარებას.

პროგრამის ამოცანებია:

ხელი შეუწყოს ახალგაზრდა მეცნიერების მიერ სამხრეთ კავკასიის ქვეყნებში სოციალურ

მეცნიერებათა განვითარების ხელშემწყობი ინდივიდუალური და ინტერდისციპლინარული

კვლევების ჩატარებას;

ხელი შეუწყოს სამხრეთ კავკასიის ქვეყნებში სოციალურ მეცნიერებათა სფეროში მოღვაწე

პროფესიონალების რეგიონალური ქსელის განვითარებას.

კონკურსის პირობები

განაცხადის შემოტანა შეუძლიათ 1975-1987 წლებში დაბადებულ ახალგაზრდა მკვლევარებს,

რომლებსაც გააჩნიათ სრული უმაღლესი განათლება და ამავე დროს მუდმივად ცხოვრობენ

სამხრეთ კავკასიის ქვეყნებში. სავალდებულოა ინგლისური და რუსული ენების მაღალ დონეზე

ფლობა. პრიორიტეტი მიენიჭება განაცხადებს, რომლებიც თემატურ სიახლეს, სოციოლოგიური

და თვისობრივი კვლევის ინოვაციური მეთოდებს გვთავაზობენ.

ფონდი აფინანსებს აკადემიურ კვლევებს შემდეგი მიმართულებებით:

1. სამხრეთ კავკასიის ეთნო-ტერიტორიული კონფლიქტების შესახებ ახლებური ხედვის

შემუშავება.

2. ლტოლვილები და იძულებით გადაადგილებული პირები სამხრეთ კავკასიაში: გადარჩენის

სტრატეგიები.

3. საბჭოთა რეჟიმისათვის გაწეული წინააღმდეგობისა და რეპრესიების ისტორია.

4. უთანასწორობასა და დისკრიმინაციასთან დაკავშირებული პრობლემები სამხრეთ კავკასიაში.

5. გენდერული როლების ტრანსფორმაცია.

სტიპენდიის ხანგრძლივობა და მოცულობა

სტიპენდიის ხანგრძლივობა განისაზღვრება თორმეტი თვით (01.01.2011-31.12.2011). სტიპენდიის

მოცულობა ყოველთვიურად 250.00 ევროს შეადგენს. ასევე შესაძლებელია ფონდის მიერ

ორგანიზებული თანმდევი პროგრამა-სემინარებით, საზაფხულო სკოლითა და პუბლიკაციებით

მხარდაჭერა.

სრული ინფორმაცია კონკურსის შესახებ მოიძიეთ ჰაინრიჰ ბიოლის ფონდის

სამხრეთ კავკასიის რეგიონალური ბიუროს ვებ-გვერდზე:

www.boell.ge

samxreT kavkasia

33 Cileli maRaroelis amoyvanis samaSvelo

operacia warmatebiT dasrulda, maRa-

roelTa 700 metris siRrmidan amoyvanas

sami aTasamde gulSematkivari maRarosTan

damontaJebul did ekranze, msoflios

masStabiT milionobiT adamiani ki wamyvani

televiziebiT pirdapir eTerSi adevnebda

Tval-yurs. operacias adgilze 1 500 Jur-

nalisti aSuqebda.

gadarCenili maRaroelebi saTiTaod amohya-

vdaT, amosulebs ojaxis wevrebTan erTad

ramdenime aTeuli video-kamera da qveynis

prezidenti xvdeboda.

„jadosnuri dRe gagviTenda. Rrma emo-

ciebis da didi sixarulis dRe, romelic

arasdros dagvaviwydeba“, _ ase dawera

prezidentma operaciis dasrulebis Semdeg

socialur qsel `tviterze~.

axlad arCeuli prezidenti sebastian

pinera samaSvelo operaciis „sanaxao-

bad qcevisTvis“ gaakritikes. „marTalia,

maRaroSi yofniT da operaciis dagegmva-

Si aqtiuri monawileobiT man reitingi

gaizarda, magram misi saqcielis dagmoba

ar SeiZleba“, _ ganacxada Ciles premier-

ministrma.

manamde ucnobi maRaroelebi gmirebad iqc-

nen, erT-erTi maTgani miwis qveS Canawerebs

akeTebda, romliTac ramdenime gamomcemeli

ukve daintereseda.

erTaderTi araCileli maRaroeli boli-

vieli karlos mamani iyo, romelsac maRa-

rodan amosvlisTanave qveynis prezidenti

evo moralesi Sexvda. moralesis TqmiT,

samaSvelo operaciam or qveyanas Soris

ndobis aRdgenas Seuwyo xeli.

22-miliondolariani operacia dasrulda,

magram maRaroelTa gansacdeli amiT ar

mTavrdeba. fsiqologebis TqmiT, gadar-

Cenilebs win xangrZlivi sareabilitacio

periodi eliT, romelic SeiZleba, 6-dan 9

Tvemdec gagrZeldes.

69-dRiani miwisqveSa cxovrebis dasasruli

axali biujetis axali prioritetebi 2011 wlis biujetis

proeqti ukve par-

laments warudgines.

momavali wlis prio-

ritetebi jandacvi-

sa da ganaTlebis

sferoebia.

saministroebs Soris

yvelaze didi biuje-

ti jandacvas aqvs _

1.604 miliardi lari.

ganaTlebis saminis-

tros daaxloebiT 55

mln lariT daafinan-

seben. am saministros

dafinansebas wels 10

milioniani proeqtic

emateba, romelic

skolebSi 1000 ingli-

surenovani maswav-

leblis Camoyvanaze

daixarjeba.

gagrZeldeba Tavda-

cvis saministros

biujetis Semcire-

bac, romelic 2008

wlidan daiwyo. maSin

Tavdacvis sferos

daaxloebiT miliard-

naxevriT afinanse-

bdnen. 2011-Si misi

biujeti 660 milioni

lari iqneba.

25 milion lars

miiRebs saqarTvelos

sapatriarqo.

momavali wlis biuje-

tis Semosavlebi 5.905

miliardi lariT,

xarjebi ki _ 5.707

miliardi lariT aris

gansazRvruli.

ricxvebi -jer izrdeba gadasaxadi saTa-maSo biznesze.

procentiT gaizrdeba msoflio ekonomika 2010 wels.

2,5 4.8

mokled


„vfiqrob, maRaziis an romelime dawesebulebis

warwera unda iyos samive anbaniT, amiT Cven

vaswavliT Cvens axalgazrdobas da Cvens xalxs

samive damwerlobas, asomTavruls, nusxa xucurs da

mxedruls“.

saqarTvelos patriarqi ilia II

`CikagoSic ki ar aqvT pirveli klasidan

kompiuterebiT swavleba. es meTodi amerikaSic

axla Semodis. maT Cven davaswariT.“

prezidenti saakaSvili pirvelklaselTa

kompiuterebiT swavlebaze

„irakli oqruaSvili _ romelsac aqvs gabeduli

nabijebis da am reJimSi monawileobis gamocdileba.

erosi kiwmariSvili _ romelsac Tanamedrove

propagandaSi da teqnologiebSi marTlac udidesi

gamocdileba aqvs. sozari _ gamocdili adamianis

uflebebSi...da me _ Tqvens monamorCils, mec maqvs

garkveuli gamocdileba am brZolaSi.“

levan gaCeCilaZe axali „qarTuli partiis“

damfuZneblebis wardgenisas

„rusulma mxarem perevidan jarebis gayvana SesaZloa,

politikuri spekulaciis Temad gamoiyenos“

giga bokeria perevidan ruseTis

jaris gayvanis Sesaxeb

axali "qarTuli partia"

axali konstitucia

citatebi

sozar subari, erosi kiwmariSvili, levan gaCeCilaZe, irakli

oqruaSvili da koka guncaZe politikur partias qmnian. „qar-

Tuli partiis“ mizani xelisuflebis Secvla da „saqarTvelos

ngrevis“ SeCerebaa. „Cven gvsurs, axali saqarTvelo qarTul

sawyisebze avaSenoT. Cveni muSaoba qarTul ideaze iqneba da-

myarebuli, rac saqarTvelos TviTmyofadobas, usafrTxoebas,

progress da keTildReobas gulisxmobs,“ _ ganacxada sozar

subarma. partia jer oficialurad ar daregistrirebula,

Tumca mxardamWerebis Segrovebas ukve iwyebs. partiis prezen-

tacias moZraoba „daicavi saqarTvelos“, „9 aprilis“, „qarTuli

akademiis“ warmomadgenlebic eswrebodnen. „qarTul partias“

Tavmjdomare jer ar hyavs. ucnobia dafinansebis wyaroebic.

partiul Tanamdebobebs liderebi 22 noembramde, partiis

yrilobamde gainawileben. isini xelisuflebis Sesacvlelad

brZolas yvela xerxiT, maT Soris, arCevnebis gziTac gegmaven.

parlamentma mesame mosmeniT 112 xmiT 5-is winaaRmdeg axali

konstitucia daamtkica. konstituciaSi Setanili cvlilebebis

nawili ZalaSi 2011 wlidan Seva. srulyofilad ki dokumenti

2013 wlis dekemberidan _ prezidentis arCevis da mTavrobis

kabinetis xelaxla dakompleqtebisTanave _ amoqmeddeba. vene-

ciis komisiam mTavrobasa da prezidents Soris Sida politikaSi

gadanawilebuli ufleba-mosilebebi moiwona, Tumca, miiCnia,

rom zRvari prezidentisa da mTavrobis sagareo politikur

funqciebSi bundovania. 8 oqtombers, meore mosmenis Semdeg,

winaswar gamoqveynebul daskvnaSi erT-erT xarvezad swored es

sakiTxi dasaxelda. winaswar daskvnaSi, veneciis komisiis kidev

erTi rCeva iyo, rom konstituciis gamoqveynebamde parlamen-

ti saboloo rekomendaciebs dalodeboda, rac sakanonmdeblo

organom ar gaiTvaliswina. saboloo daskvnis gamoqveynebamde

erTi dRiT adre, parlamentma axali konstitucia mainc miiRo.

Jurnalisti aSuqebda Ciledan maRaroelTa samaS-velo operacias. 1 500milion 751 aTasi dolaris produqcia gavida 2010

wels saqarTvelodan CineTSi. 12

mokledf

ot

o gio

rgi

kak

ul

ia


unda aikrZalos Tu ara sabWoTa simbolika sajaro adgilebSi?

ori azri

momxregia TorTlaZesaqarTvelos parlamentis wevri

Cvens qveyanaSi, romelsac sabWoTa periodma inte-leqtualuri da ekonomikuri TvalsazrisiT, saSineli daRi daaCina, sabWoTa simbolika da saxelwodebebi unda aikrZalos. ratom unda erqvas guriaSi erT-erT so-fels òqtomberi~?! mas xom komunistebamde mSvenieri saxeli _ jvarcma erqva.

sabWoTa simbolikis araTu arsebuli nimuSebi unda movspoT, aramed kanoniT unda avkrZaloT am simbolo-ebis gamoyeneba. Tavi unda davizRvioT, raTa xval, zeg vinmes ar gauCndes survili da sabWoTa lideris saxeli ar daarqvas quCas, partias, an sabWoTa stilis barelie-fi ar gaakeTos.

mimaCnia, rom sabWoTa kavSirTan dakavSirebuli qan-dakebebi, nagebobebi da saxelwodebebi unda daviviwyoT. es simbolika im ideologiis nawilia, romelsac saqar-Tvelo samudamod unda daemSvidobos.

zogierTi oponentisgan momismenia, rom es Cveni is-toriaa da amitom unda SevinarCunoT. me maT Sevaxseneb, rom aseTive istoriaa `didi Turqoba~ da `didi arabo-ba~, monRolebis periodi. maTi mosagonari simboloebic unda davtovoT, rom gvqondes?

me rom romelime sxva qveyanaSi menaxa sabWoTa simbo-lika, vifiqrebdi, rom am mTavrobas sabWoTa reJimis sawinaaRmdego araferi aqvs. Cveni qveyana nabij-nabij miiwevs evrointegraciisken da am sakiTxSi maTi gamo-cdilebac unda gaviziaroT. magaliTad, baltiis samma qveyanam ukve miiRo es kanoni. 2006 wlis 25 ianvars evrosabWos saparlamento asambleam miiRo rezolucia, romelSic avtoritaruli da totalitaruli reJimebis danaSaulebi kacobriobis winaaRmdeg Cadenil borote-bad aris aRiarebuli. bolo etapiRaa darCenili, rom faSisturi da sabWoTa simbolika gaTanabrdes erTma-neTTan.

kanoni ar Seexeba kerZo koleqciebSi Senaxul monete-bs da sxva istoriul nivTebs. aseve, nebismier adamians kvlav eqneba ufleba, gaakeTos sabWoTa lideris biusti da daidgas saxlSi. Tumca amis gareT gamotana da saja-ro adgilas dadgma unda aikrZalos. aseve, Tu sabWoTa simbolika komerciuli obieqtis saxelwodebis nawilia (igulisxmeba kafe `kgb~) da mepatroneebi amas ara xu-mrobiT, aramed pirdapiri datvirTviT gulisxmoben, axali kanonis mixedviT, es obieqti SesaZloa, daixuros.

Cven ver da ar viqnebiT loialuri komunisturi li-derebisadmi, romlebmac sisxlis gubeebi daayenes da 20 wlis ganmavlobaSi anadgurebdnen Cvens sazogadoebas.

sabWoTa simbolikis araTu

arsebuli nimuSebi unda movspoT,

aramed kanoniT unda avkrZaloT am

simboloebis gamoyeneba. Tavi unda

davizRvioT, raTa xval vinmes

ar gauCndes survili da sabWoTa

lideris saxeli ar daarqvas quCas,

partias.

sabWoTa simbolika Tbilisis quCebSi jer kidev SemorCenilia


unda aikrZalos Tu ara sabWoTa simbolika sajaro adgilebSi?

ori azri

mowinaaRmdegedaviT gogiSvilisaWoTa warsulis kvlevis ̀ laboratoria~

miuxedavad imisa, rom ssrk-s daSlidan ukve TiTqmis 19 weli gavida, am periodis ganmavlo-baSi simboloebze, Zeglebze Tu toponimikaze orientirebuli gancxadebebis garda araferi gvinaxavs. dRes Senobebis fasadebidan var-skvlavebis da uro-namglebis Camofxeka kvlav aseTive zedapiruli midgomis gagrZeleba mgo-nia.

sabWoTa simbolikis akrZalva da ganadgureba yvelaze metad saqarTveloSi arsebul arqite-qturul memkvidreobas Seexeba, romelic Cveni istoriis mniSvnelovan nawils warmoadgens. ma-galiTad, ìmelis~ Senoba Tavisi Tavdapirveli daniSnulebis da unikaluri interieris garda, adgilia, sadac muSaobda saqarTvelos parla-menti, 1995 wels miiRes saqarTvelos konsti-tucia da sadac saqarTvelos sakonstitucio sasamarTlo moRvaweobda. amave SenobaSi ar-sebobda erT-erTi uZvirfasesi biblioTeka, romlis didi nawili daudevrobis Tu sxva mize-zTa gamo nawilobriv ganadgurda.

saqarTvelos sabWoTa warsulis gaazreba um-niSvnelovanesi sakiTxia. gaazreba gonebrivi procesia da Sesabamisad, sazogadoebis desove-tizaciis saSualebebs Soris prioriteti swo-red rom yvelaze efeqturs - ganaTlebas unda eniWebodes. informirebuli adamianis gonebaSi stalinis Zeglis Tu sabWoTa varskvlavis dana-xva aranair saxelmwifosTvis „saSiS“ asociacias ar gaaCens.

Tu miznad davisaxavT, gavTavisufldeT im materialuri narCenebisagan, romelic sabWo-Ta sistemam dagvitova, gamova, rom Tbilisis ganaSenebuli teritoriis naxevari mainc miwa-sTan aris gasasworebeli. amasTan, ar unda da-viviwyoT Cveni istoriuli mCagvrelebic da na-xevrad ganadgurebul Tbiliss Zveli Tbilisis didi nawilic mivayoloT.

problemis gadaWra masze Tvalis daxuWviT an akrZalviT, Cemi azriT, yovelTvis im mxaris si-susteze miuTiTebs, romelsac es problema awu-xebs. gansakuTrebiT ki maSin, rodesac problema mentaluria da adamianis Tu mTeli sazogadoe-bis azrovnebasTan aris dakavSirebuli.

saqarTvelos sabWoTa warsulis

gaazreba umniSvnelovanesi sakiTxia.

Tu miznad davisaxavT, gavTavisufldeT

im materialuri narCenebisagan,

romelic sabWoTa sistemam dagvitova,

gamova, rom Tbilisis ganaSenebuli

teritoriis naxevari mainc miwasTan

aris gasasworebeli.

fo

to

Tem

o b

arZi

maSvi

li

sabWoTa simbolika Tbilisis quCebSi jer kidev SemorCenilia


jansaRi kvebis anatomia

sakvebi, romelic gvklavsjansaRi kvebis damaxinjebul gagebas bavSvebs

mSoblebi uqmnian. is, rom bavSvi putkuna da `kargi

mWamelia~ mxolod komplimentad aRiqmeba.

Tamar babuaZe, eka WiTanava

ori wlis win 24 wlis zura beqiS-vilma eqsperimenti Caatara. saku-Tar Tavs, rogorc TviTon ambobs, `Cinovnikis dieta~ dauniSna.icxovra ise, rogorc Tbiliselebis umrav-lesoba cxovrobs _ bevrs ar moZra-obda, ar varjiSobda da Wamda mxo-lod im kerZebs, riTac restornebsa da swrafi kvebis obieqtebSi qarTve-lebi TiTqmis yoveldRe ikvebebian. 48 xaWapuri, 168 xinkali, 24 qababi... da samkviranaxevarSi momatebuli 10 kilo.

ès giJuri idea iyo. davnaZlevdi megobrebTan, romlebic mimtkice-bdnen, qarTuli kerZebi ar asuqebs imitom, rom Cveni produqti jansa-Riao. gadavwyvite, damemtkicebina, rom qarTvelebSi ase gavrcelebuli Ripi maTi araswori kvebis bralia~.

`Cinovnikis dieta~, sanaZleos mi-xedviT, erT Tves unda gagrZele-buliyo, magram samkviranaxevris Semdeg momatebulma aTma kilom zura ise Secvala, rom eqsperimenti saswrafod Sewyvita.

`sanaZleo movige _ megobrebma ve-losipedi miyides, magram Semdeg wo-nis dasagdebad ori Tve damWirda. axla vvarjiSob da sworad vikvebe-bi, magram jer kidev ar vici, ra da-vmarTe Cems organizms iseTi, ramac SeiZleba, Tavi momavalSi iCinos~.

zura beqiSvilisTvis STagonebis wyaro morgan sparlokis òskarze~ nominirebuli dokumenturi filmi

`super zomis me~ (Super Size Me) iqca. reJisori, romelic filmis gmiri-caa, 28 dRis ganmavlobaSi, dReSi samjer sadilobda mxolod `makdo-naldsis~ restornebSi, iRebda 5000 kalorias da erTi Tvis Tavze 11.1 kilo moimata. gadaRebebis Semdeg mas aseve aRmoaCnda: momatebuli qo-lesterini (maCvenebeli 230), guneba-ganwyobis xSiri cvlileba, seqsua-luri disfunqcia da RviZlSi cximis dagroveba.

`simsuqne CvenTvis ukve epidemiaa~, _ acxadebs aSS-s federalur mTa-vrobaSi jandacvis sakiTxebze mTa-vari momxsenebeli regina benjamini. Tavis eqsperimentze agebuli fil-miT ki sparloki Tanamoqalaqeebs eubneba, Tu ra gavlena aqvs swraf kvebas simsuqnis mzard problemaze.

simsuqne ar aris erTaderTi Tavis tkivili, rasac araswori kveba iwve-vs. gastriti, koliti, kuWis wylu-li, arTriti, diabeti da gulis daavadebebis mTeli CamonaTvali _ mecnierebma didi xania, daamtkices, rom fraza _ `rasac Wam, is xar~, mxolod mxatvruli gamonaTqvami ki ara, realobaa.

kvlevebi aCvenebs, rom gulis daavadebaTa 80% da diabetis Se-mTxvevebis 90% araswor kvebasTan da cxovrebis wesTanaa uSualo ka-vSirSi. eqimebis mtkicebiT, dietas, romelic didwilad xilis, bostneu-lis, Txileulis da rZis nawarmisgan

Sedgeba, wnevis regulireba damate-biTi medikamentebis miRebis gareSe SeuZlia. swori kvebiTaa SesaZlebe-li kuW-nawlavis daavadebebis kon-troli da prevenciac ki.

zura beqiSvilTan sanaZleo mis-ma megobrebma waages. Tumca saqar-TveloSi dRes mainc umravlesoba-Si arian isini, visac Tanamedrove qarTuli racionis sijansaReSi eWvi arasdros Seutania.

_ iciT, ra aris jansaRi kveba? _ ekiTxeba Jurnalisti 14 wlis gogo-nas, romelsac erT xelSi xinkali uWiravs da wvens wrupavs, meore xe-liT Cangals aSvelebs.

mTavari Tema


mTavari Tema

_ vici, _ ambobs lika, _ inglisu-ris saxelmZRvaneloSi ewera, rom qolesterini cudia da organizmSi cximebis dagrovebas niSnavs.

erT-erTi saxinklis ufanjrebo, CaxuTul sivrceSi, romelic Sindis-feri savarZlebiTaa datixruli, sa-Wmlisa da sigaretis suni kedlebSia gamjdari.

_ gaumaaaar- jos! _ ismis samjer Takos magididan. 15 wlis giorgi da me-gobrebi mas dabadebis dRes ulocaven.

àq yovel kviras movdivar, ar va-qcev yuradRebas, risi Wama SeiZleba da risi _ ara. yvelafers vWam, vewe-vi da jer araferi dammarTnia~.

mxolod erTi saSualo zomis sa-xinkle dReSi 7 aTas xinkals yidis. 08-is monacemTa bazaSi TbilisSi 59 saxinklea registrirebuli. ro-gorc wesi, ori adamiani 15 xinkals mainc ukveTavs. xandaxan oficiants mzareulamde ori xinklis Sekve-Tac miaqvs da samzareuloSi ukve winaswar ician, rom am sufrasTan ucxoelebi sxedan.

amerikeli eqimi-dietologebi jansaRi kvebis nomer pirvel kanons ase ayalibeben _ `zomiereba yvela-ferSi~.

am rekomendaciis dacva ki sa-qarTveloSi kidev ufro rTulia,

ilu

str

acia

rusl

an b

eriZ

e

_ iciT, ra aris

jansaRi kveba? _ ekiTxeba

Jurnalisti 14 wlis

gogonas.

_ vici, _ ambobs

lika, _ inglisuris

saxelmZRvaneloSi ewera,

rom qolesterini cudia

da organizmSi cximebis

dagrovebas niSnavs.


mTavari Tema

vidre amerikaSi: qarTuli sufris mravalferovneba bevrisTvis iseTi-ve Zvirfas erovnul memkvidreobad iTvleba, rogorc qarTuli simRe-ris mravalxmianoba, romelsac ga-frTxileba da movla sWirdeba.

Tumca, kvebis specialistebi am-boben, rom es tradiciis damaxinje-buli gagebaa. `qarTul tradiciul sufraze marTlac aris sakvebis ra-mdenime saxeoba, magram es imas ar niSnavs, rom yvelaferi unda Wamo. qarTvelebs xSirad gviWirs zomie-rebis dacva, am adamianebs me `kuWis patriotebs~ vuwodeb~, _ ambobs dietologi asmaT kevliSvili.

sufraze sarTulebad Cadgmuli kerZebis dagemovnebisas ki imaze met kalorias iReb, vidre daxarjva SegiZlia. kvlevebiT dasturdeba, rom produqtebis mravalferovne-ba adamians meti sakvebis miRebisken ubiZgebs. ès asea yvela sulieri ar-sebis SemTxvevaSi, viszec ki es eqs-perimenti Catarebula _ adamianebi, virTxebi, Tevzebi, katebi~, _ ambobs siuzan robertsi, Tufts-is universi-tetis profesori.

radgan zomierebis aRqma subie-qturia, amitom specialistebi da-saSvebi kaloriebis raodenobis daangariSebis martiv sqemas gvTava-zoben _ unda miiRo imdeni, ramdenis `dawvasac~ Seni organizmi SeZlebs.

qalaqSi da mTian regionSi mcxo-vrebi adamianis organizmi erTsa da imave sakvebs sxvadasxvagvarad iTvisebs. magaliTad, svaneTSi, Zi-riTadad cximiT, xorciTa da kar-tofiliT ikvebebian, bostneuls cotas Wamen. magram, civi klimati-sa da cxovrebis wesis gamo, maTi organizmi met energias xarjavs da maRalkaloriuli sakvebic amitom sWirdebaT.

saSualo statistikuri Tbilise-li ki, romelic drois umetes na-wils samsaxurSi, saxlSi da trans-portSi atarebs, drois uqonlobis gamo, sul ufro iSviaTad dadis fe-xiT. fizikuri saqmianobis nacvlad,

qalaqis mosaxleobis didi nawili samuSao kviras ZiriTadad kompiu-terTan atarebs. organizmi ver aswrebs miRebuli kaloriebis da-wvas. gansakuTrebiT ki im SemTxve-vaSi, Tu es kaloriebi e.w. `quCis sakvebiT~ daagrova.

amerikelebs aseTi statistikac ki aqvT: dRes saSualo amerikeli mra-valferovani da msuye dRiuri ra-cionis gamo, 530-jer met kalorias iRebs, vidre 1970 wels. am kalorie-bis dawvas is im SemTxvevaSi SeZle-bda, Tu ki dReSi fexiT damatebiT or saaTs ivlida. amerikelTa umra-vlesoba ki imaze naklebs seirnobs, vidre 30-40 wlis win.

swrafi kvebis kerZebi qalaqelis yoveldRiuri racionis nawilia. rogorc italiuri pica, qarTuli xaWapuric ukve wlebia, naciona-luri swrafi kvebis saxeobad iqca. sardafis fanjridan fenovani da guruli xaWapuris, kartofilisa da sokos Rvezelis gayidva dRemde erT-erT yvelaze momgebian mcire biznesad iTvleba.

`qalaqi comiT gaivso~, _ SeSfoTe-bulebi arian dietologebic da am-boben, rom zedmetad cximiani Saur-ma, romelic gaurkveveli xarisxis xorciT mzaddeba, meoradi zeTi, romelSic Rvezelebs wvaven, trans-cximebs Seicavs da qolesterinze ufro mavned moqmedebs. `Tuki ada-miani am sakvebis garda, organizms cocxal produqts, xils, mwvanils, bostneuls ar awvdis, ujredebi ga-mudmebiT mSieri rCeba. xangrZlivi SimSilis Semdeg ki ujredi gada-gvardeba da iqceva an cximovan, anda simsivnur warmonaqmnad. farisebri jirkvlis problemac amis Semdeg Cn-deba. gadagvarebuli ujredi ki or-ganizmSi sust adgils poulobs da daavadebac iqiT miiwevs~, _ amboben dietologebi.

harvardis wamyvani dietologebis mier Catarebuli kvlevis mixedviT, transcximis gadaWarbebuli miRe-bis gamo amerikaSi weliwadSi 30,000

adamiani iRupeba gulis moulodne-li SeteviT. amerikis kardiologTa asociaciis rekomendaciiT, am tipis cximis miReba dReSi 2 gramiT unda Semoifarglos. saSualo zomis Se-mwvari kartofilis ulufa 8 gram aseT cxims Seicavs.

aRmaSeneblis quCis kuTxeSi mdeba-re sursaTis maRazia dReSi 1000-mde kremian, zeTSi moxarSul funTuSas yidis. samsaxuridan Sesvenebaze ga-mosuli adamianebisTvis, romelTac iafad da swrafad waxemseba surT, msgavsi erTferovani da mavne meniu yvelaze mosaxerxebelia.

maTTvis, vinc cdilobs, jansaRad ikvebos, arCevani TiTqmis ar arse-bobs.

31 wlis Tako, romelsac bevri ram waukiTxavs swori kvebis Sesaxeb, cdilobs, es wesebi Tavis Tavs mo-argos. `minda vicode, ra gavakeTo imisTvis, rom gastriti ar dame-marTos, kuWi ar damiziandes da 50 wlis asakSi infarqtiT ar movkvde. amas vaCvev Cems meuRlesac da ori wlis Svilsac~. swored imitom, rom sakuTar arCevans ar uRalatos, Tako xandaxan mTeli dRe mSieria. `Tu saxlidan winaswar momzadebu-li kerZis waReba ver movaswari, ga-modis, rom im dRes verafers vWam. maRaziebs, romlebic mza kerZebiT vaWroben, ver vendobi. maTi salaTe-bic ki zedmetad cximiani da cxarea, umravlesoba maioneziT da mZafri sunelebiT ikmazeba~.

am maRaziebSi fiqroben, rom klientebs jansaR da msubuq kerZe-bs sTavazoben. Tumca, gamWvirvale plastmasis yuTebSi SefuTul sala-Tebs arc kaloriebis raodenoba da arc produqtebis zusti CamonaTva-li aweria. amitomac, zemoT naxsene-bi `martivi sqemis~ dacva saqarTve-loSi Zalian rTulia.

albaT, es aris erT-erTi mizezi, rom isini, vinc TavianT janmrTe-lobas zedmiwevniT ufrTxildebian, cotani arian. SesaZloa amis mizezi isic iyos, rom jansaRad kveba Zviri


mTavari Tema

`siamovnebaa~. Tumca, mTavari mizezi arainformirebulobaa.

Tanamedrove qarTvelebis umra-vlesoba araswor kvebas safrTxed dRemde ver aRiqvams. xSirad araswo-ria sazogadoebis mier `jansaRi kve-bis~ gagebac ki. dietas bevri mxo-lod wonis kontrolis meqanizmad miiCnevs. xolo roca diasaxlisi didi saojaxo sadilisTvis soflis dedals wvavs, iTvleba, rom ekolo-giurad sufTa sadils amzadebs da Sesabamisad, jansaRsac.

`xrakvis dros warmoiqmneba is toqsikuri mJavebi, romlebic amJa-vianebs sisxls da arRvevs qimiur balanss. gamJavianda sisxli? iwyeba bulemiuri movlenebi, safuZveli eyreba sxvadasxva daavadebas. Ter-mul damuSavebas verc pomidori uZlebs. diasaxlisebi ki xSirad mas sadilTan erTad xarSaven, an tafa-ze cximSi xrakaven. xrakvisas, misi Semadgeneli organuli kalciumis marilebi gardaiqmneba araorganu-

lad, nel-nela ileqeba organizmSi da mere gvikvirs, saidan Cndeba saxs-rebSi marilebis dagroveba, osteo-qondrozi, podagra da ase Semdeg~, _ ambobs asmaT kevliSvili.

qarTvel bavSvebs jansaRi kvebis Sesaxeb araswori warmodgena pata-raobidanve eqmnebaT. rogorc wesi, es pirvel rigSi, mSoblebis bralia. is, rom bavSvi putkuna da `kargi mWamelia~ mxolod komplimentad aRiqmeba. Svilebis `gaputkunebaSi~ ki bolo dros qarTvel mSoblebs swrafi kvebis giganti _ `makdonal-dsic~ exmareba. `hefi mili~ da la-maz kolofSi napovni saTamaSo ara mxolod patarebs aniWebs bedniere-bas, aramed _ dedebsac _ mTavaria, Svilma msuye sakvebi miiRo.

swrafi kvebis restornebis mflo-belebma mxolod 2007 wels bavSvebze mimarTul reklamebSi 294 milioni aSS dolari daxarjes. Tumca, zeTiT gaJRenTili kartofili, gayinuli xorcisgan damzadebuli burgeri

da `koka-kola~ rom janmrTelobis-Tvis mavnebelia, amaze dasavleTSi ukve umravlesoba Tanxmdeba. ame-rikis ramdenime StatSi mak-menius winaaRmdeg `jvarosnuli omebi~ mi-mdinareobs.

2004 wlis Semodgomaze, rodesac texasis StatSi skolebSi axali se-mestri daiwyo, moswavleebma aR-moaCines, rom kafeteriebidan maTi sayvareli sasusnavebi _ `kola~ da kanfetebi gaqra, erTi wlis Sem-deg ki aikrZala Semwvari karto-filic. es sanqciebi swrafi kvebis menius Statis soflis meurneobis saministros maRalCinosanma siuzan qombma dauwesa. Tu Tavidan qombs zurgs ukan `Wamis nacists~ eZaxd-nen, TandaTan maswavleblebmac da mSoblebmac gaiazres, rom es swori gadawyvetileba iyo. TviTon qombsi ki ambobda: ìs argumenti, rom ka-feteriebSi gayiduli `pepsi-koliT~ skolebi sxva xarjebs faraven, ubra-lod miuRebelia. es igivea, jer ma-

kvlevis mixedviT,

transcximis

gadaWarbebuli

miRebis gamo

amerikaSi weliwadSi

30,000 adamiani

iRupeba gulis

moulodneli

SeteviT.


mTavari Tema

rixuana moiyvano da mihyido mozar-debs, Semdeg ki am mogebiT maTTvis sportuli darbazebi moawyo~.

Tbilisis 123-e sajaro skolaSi ki bavSvebs is uxariaT, rom male maT bufetSi saWmels ̀ makdonaldsi~ Sei-tans. skolis mebufete, deida ine-za Sesvenebebze aTobiT xaWapurs, lobians, purSi Cadebul Semwvar sosiss, Cipsebsa da `koka-kolas~ yi-dis. `bavSvebs isedac 5-wuTiani Ses-venebebi aqvT, mainc ver moaswreben wvnianis an raime kerZis Wamas~, _ ambobs is, _ `male menius SeiZleba, namcxvaric davamatoT~.

araswori kvebiT gamowveuli si-msuqne gansakuTrebiT saSiSi bavS-vebisTvisaa. eqimebi amboben, rom Warbi wona seriozulad zrdis mo-zardebSi iseTi daavadebebis risks, rogoricaa maRali wneva, kuW-nawla-vis paTologiebi, fsiqologiuri gadaxrebi, dabali TviTSefasebiT gamowveuli depresia. qarTveli dietologebis TqmiT ki, bavSvebSi Warbi wona, hepatozis, anu RviZlis gacximovnebis mizezi xdeba.

StatebSi swori kvebis bumi 1990-iani wlebidan daiwyo, roca aSS-s soflis meurneobis departamentma gamoaqveyna swori kvebis pirami-da, romlis plakatebic ramdenime weliwadSi TiTqmis yvela skolasa da saxelmwifo struqturaSi gamo-akres. milionobiT sxva saZiebo re-sursTan erTad, funqcionirebs die-tologiis samTavrobo oficialuri veb-gverdic.

problemis ase seriozulad aRqmis mizezi isaa, rom amerikaSi bavSvebis 30%-s Warbi wonis problema aqvs da ganviTarebul qveynebs Soris ameri-ka yvelaze `msuqan~ naciad iTvleba.

saqarTveloSi ar arsebobs zusti statistika, Tu ramden bavSvs aqvs Warbi wonis problema. ar Catarebu-la srulfasovani kvleva, romelic daadgenda, Tundac ramdeni adamia-nis sicocxle gadarCeboda, mas rom sworad kvebis elementaruli wesebi daecva.

kvebis specialistTa nawili darw-munebulia, rom jansaRi kvebisTvis saWiro receptebi momavalSi ki ara, warsulSi unda veZeboT, Tundac re-ligiur wes-CveulebebSi.

marTalia, marTlmadidebelTa-Tvis marxvis upirvelesi daniSnule-ba sulis ganwmendaa, magram kvebis SezRudviT adamianis organoebic iwmindeba. weliwadSi 4 marxva, rac jamSi daaxloebiT 118 dRea, asvene-bs RviZls, romelic zedmeti cximis gadamuSavebiT ziandeba.

Tumca, es im SemTxvevaSia ase, Tu marxvis sawyis da pirvelad ideas vi-

cavT. 1990-ian wlebSi religiuro-bis axali talRis dawyebis Semdeg ki, marxvis kulturam CvenTan saxe icvala da `gawmendis~ funqciac dakarga. `marxvis dros adamiane-bi miirTmeven samarxvo karaqsa da maionezs, romelic, ZiriTadad, gen-modificirebul soioze mzaddeba. aqvT samarxvo yveli da lamis xinka-lic ki~, _ ambobs asmaT kevliSvili.

kerZis aromati, faqtura, gemo da maTi sxvadasxvanairi kombinacia _ Wamis dros siamovnebas swored es gvaniWebs, TviTon Wamis process ki kulinariul Tavgadasavlad aqce-vs. bevrs hgonia, rom jansaRi kve-bis gamo swored am siamovnebaze unda Tqvas uari. dietologebi ki sapirispiros gvimtkiceben _ jansa-Ri kveba, pirvel rigSi, gemovnebis yvela receptoris dakmayofilebaa. mTavaria, vicodeT, rogor SevZloT es: ikvebe sezonurad _ mxolod im

produqtiT, rac im konkretul weliwadis dros axasiaTebs da es investiciis saxiT sakuTar organizmSi Cadebuli simdidre iqneba.�akontrole Seni ulufa _ kerZe-

biT gadatvirTul sufraze eca-de, gauZlo cdunebas.�icode ras Wam _ xaWapuri Sei-

Zleba, iyos Seni gemovnebis ga-nebivrebis saSualeba da ara yo-veldRiuri menius nawili.�Caanacvle erTi meoreTi _ natu-

ralur produqts sasargeblo Tvisebebs mxolod maSin Seunar-Cuneb, Tuki, sworad moamzadeb mas. moxrakvis nacvlad ucximod Sewvi, anda daamzade orTqlze.�Wame nela _ rac ufro didxans

ReWav TiToeul lukmas, miT ufro kmayofildebi.�daxarje imdeni kaloria, ram-

densac miiReb _ ivarjiSe!Tumca, am wesebis erTobliobas

efeqti mxolod maSin aqvs, Tu is àTdRian dietad~ ki ara, adamianis cxovrebis wesad iqceva.

2008 2009

sul 198,957 SemTxveva sul 280,680 SemTxveva

2008 2009


2008 2009


2008 2009

sul 9356 SemTxveva sul 9053 SemTxveva

saWmlis momnelebeli sistemis

daavadebebis gavrceleba saqarTveloSi

saWmlis momnelebeli sistemis

daavadebebis gavrceleba 15 wlamde

bavSvebSi saqarTveloSi

endokrinuli sistemis, kvebisa da nivTierebaTa cvlis darRveviT gamowveuli daavadebebi saqarTveloSi

endokrinuli sistemis, kvebisa da nivTierebaTa cvlis darRveviT gamowveuli daavadebebi, 15 wlamde bavSvebSi saqarTveloSi

saqarTvelos daavadebaTa kontrolis erovnuli centris monacemebi

`minda vicode, ra gavakeTo

imisTvis, rom gastriti

ar damemarTos, kuWi ar

damiziandes da 50 wlis

asakSi infarqtiT ar movkvde.

amas vaCvev Cems meuRlesac

da ori wlis Svilsac~.


Tvalsazrisi

daviwyoT imiT, rom bevri ram, marTlac, gamoswor-da. vfiqrob, amaze dava zedmetia. im periodSi saqar-Tvelo saSinel omebSi iyo gaxveuli. miuxedavad imisa, rom rodesac me Camovedi, brZolebi aRar mimdinare-obda, sazogadoebas arc gaumjobesebis niSnebi etyo-boda. korufcia dRiTi dRe izrdeboda, Zalian cota adamiani iyo dasaqmebuli. vinc muSaobda, iqidanac cotas Tu hqonda normaluri xelfasi. adamianebi, romlebsac saqarTvelos imedi hqondaT, SiSobdnen, rom saqarTvelos am situaciidan Tavi SeiZleba, ve-rasdros daeRwia. cotas Tu sjeroda SevardnaZis, ma-gram is namdvilad sjobda yvela sxva alternativas. mxolod parlamentSi myofi axalgazrda Taoba iZleoda imeds. magram yoveldRiuri cxovreba Zalian damTrgun-veli iyo. zamTarSi cxovreba siTbos mopovebisTvis brZo-lad iqceoda xolme. usafr-Txoebis gancda TiTqmis ar arsebobda. biurokratia jer kidev sabWoTa anekdotebis donis iyo. Canda, TiTqos yvelaferi ixrwneboda.

mas Semdeg, mosaxleobis didi nawilisTvis raRacebi namdvilad gaumjobesda. gzebi ukeTesia, eleqtroe-nergiis miwodeba aRdga, gaziTa da wyliT momaragebac uzrunvelyofilia. ra Tqma unda, es yvelaferi fuli Rirs da isic unda gvaxsovdes, rom bevr adamians am momsaxurebebis safasuris gadaxda Zalian uWirs. amis miuxedavad, bevri adamiani, gaumjobesebuli infras-truqturiT mainc, ufro metad uzrunvelyofilia, vi-dre 13 wlis win.

erTi ram, risi moyolac ufro rTulia, is aris, Tu rogor SeeZlo gaumarTav infrastruqturas adamiane-bis erTmaneTTan dakavSireba. SevardnaZis dros, yovel-dRiur saqmianobaSi adamians xeli ramdenjerme mainc eSleboda. dRes Tu ofisebSi momuSave adamianebs mTe-li dRe sakuTari kompiuteris ekranis win jdoma da muSaoba SeuZlia, maSin ase ar iyo. sinaTle wamdauwum qreboda da samuSaos nacvlad, sxva ramis gakeTeba giwe-

vda. xSirad es adamianebTan ubralo saubari iyo. al-baT, ojaxebSi, sadac saxlSi pianino hqondaT, bavSveb-ma lamazad dakvra mxolod imitom iswavles, rom Suqi mTeli dRe ar iyo da arc ezoSi TamaSi iyo usafrTxo. maxsovs, rodesac megobrebi gewveodnen da sinaTle Ca-qreboda, es gaziarebuli gancda iwvevda iseT socia-lur SekavSirebas, romelic mxolod sanTlis Suqze SeiZleba, moxdes.

ar SecdeT _ ar ifiqroT, arCevanic rom mqondes, im periodSi dabrunebas visurvebdi. sul ar menatreba imedgacruebebi da sirTuleebi. Tumca, unda vaRiaro, rom am sirTuleebis gaziarebiT Seqmnili siaxlovis

nakleboba namdvilad ma-qvs. ise Cans, rom adamiane-bi saqarTveloSi sxvadasxva jgufebad daiyvnen, nawi-lobriv, infrastruqtu-ris gaumjobesebis gamoc. dRes nakleb iZulebiT am SemTxveviT komunikacias vamyarebT. ramdenimesaa-Tian rigSi erTad aRar vd-gavarT.

gaizarda distancia mdidrebsa da Raribebs Soris. manqanis qona xom izolaciis mTavari saSualebaa, quCebSi adamianebs trotuari aTanabrebs. axla sazo-gadoebis erT fenas fexiT siaruli mxolod Senobi-dan manqanamde uwevs. amgvar izolacias unda vufrT-xildeT _ sazogadoebas, sadac sxvadasxva fenebi erTmaneTisgan izolaciaSi cxovroben, grZelvadian perspeqtivaSi problemebi eqmneba. SesaZloa, izola-ciis mizezi is aris, rom saqarTveloSi kontrasti simdidresa da siRaribes Soris gaizarda. an is, rom cixeebSi Zalian bevri adamiania. an SeiZleba, yvela-feri manqanebis bralia, an sxva faqtorebis.... rac unda iyos, es isaa, razec unda davfiqrdeT. isev ri-gSi dgoma an uSuqobaSi cxovreba ar unda dagvWir-des, rom iseT adamianebsac gavesaubroT xolme, vinc Cveni axlo wris miRmaa.

inglisuridan Targmna giorgi cxadaiam.

mark maleni

erToba uZlurebaSiara aris mTavari sxvaoba 1997 wlis da dRevandel saqarTvelos Soris

_ amis axsna advili araa, magram mainc Sevecdebi.

adamianebi saqarTveloSi

sxvadasxva jgufebad daiyvnen,

nawilobriv, infrastruqturis

gaumjobesebis gamoc.


amerika

meCeTi, rogorc amerikuli liberalizmis gamocdadadgeba Tu ara kanoni sazogadoebis sentimentebze maRla?

giorgi cxadaia

msoflio savaWro centris memo-rialTan meCeTis aSenebis Sesaxeb miTqma-moTqma 2010 wlis maisidan daiwyo, rodesac proeqti pirvelad warudgines qvemo manhetenis mcxo-vrebTa sabWos. amis Semdeg amerikis nacionalur mediaSi es Tema bevr-jer ganixiles, uamravi azri gamo-Tqves da radikalurad gansxvavebu-

li emociebi gamoxates. liberalebi meCeTis aSenebis ideas Tavgamode-biT icavdnen, konservatorebi ki patriotuli sityvebiT gamodiod-nen da 11 seqtembers daRupulTa pativiscemaze saubrobdnen. poli-tikosebis didi nawili frTxilobs da am sakiTxze azris gamoxatvas erideba.

Tavad prezidentma obamamac ki, romelmac Tavidan TiTqos meCeTis aSenebis idea moiwona, mogvianebiT ganacxada, rom is mxars uWers pro-eqtis avtorebis uflebas, aaSenon meCeTi, Tumca ar aris darwmunebu-li am nabijis mizanSewonilobaSi. aRniSnuli gancxadeba, faqtobri-vad, imas niSnavda, rom ufleba ar-

msoflio


msoflio

sebobs, politikuri da saxalxo neba ki _ albaT, ara.

am fonze, gansakuTrebiT sainte-reso imaTi komentarebi iyo, vinc gamokveTilad arc liberal da arc konservator aqtivistebSi ar ewere-ba. es adamianebi xSirad Tavs „zomie-rebs“ uwodeben. maT Soris, gansaku-TrebiT gamoirCeoda ori sajaro figura: Jurnal „niusvikis“ mesvete da CNN-is Jurnalisti farid zaqa-ria da niu-iorkis meri maikl blum-bergi. maTi poziciebi, am SemTxveva-Si, uCveulod mkveTri da SeiZleba iTqvas, radikaluri iyo.

zaqarias da blumbergis gamosv-lebi konservatori ideologebis da maTi mxardamWerebisTvis moulod-neli dartyma iyo. farid zaqaria iqamdec ki mivida, rom „anti-defa-

maciis ligas“, romelic meCeTis aSe-nebis winaaRmdeg gamodis, hubert hamfris Tavisuflebis prizi ukan daubruna. maikl blumbergma ki Ta-vis sityvaSi, romelic samoqalaqo Rirebulebebis dacvis saukeTeso nimuSi iyo, niu-iorkis istoriul warsulsa da msoflio imijze isau-bra. misi gancxadebiT, meCeTis aSene-biT, „Cven pativs mivagebT amerikul Rirebulebebs da SevinarCunebT niu-iorks, rogorc yvelaze gaxs-nil, mravalferovan, tolerantul da Tavisufal qalaqs msoflioSi.“ blumbergic da zaqariac am SemTxve-vaSi aSkara umciresobaSi aRmoCdnen.

mizezi, ris gamoc politikosebi frTxiloben, saxalxo sentimente-bia, romlebsac ori faqtori amZa-frebs: konservatori ideologebis

da blogerebis demagogia meCeTis aSenebis ideis garSemo da 11 seqtem-bers daRupulTa naTesavebis emo-ciuri gamosvlebi.

pirvel SemTxvevaSi yvelaferi aSkaraa: meCeTi romelmac msgavsi dapirispireba gamoiwvia ara imdenad religiuri, aramed sazogadoebrivi centria. mas oficialurad swored ase hqvia _ „muslimuri sazogadoe-brivi centri“.

Senobas, romelsac erTob teq-nikuri da arareligiuri saxeli _ Park51 daerqmeva, 15 sarTuli eqneba da masSi salocavi centris garda, auzi da 500-kaciani auditoria gan-Tavsdeba. aqedan gamomdinare, isic ki sadavoa, Tu ramdenad SeiZleba, aRniSnul proeqts „meCeTi“ vuwo-doT. proeqtis erT-erTi avtoris,

meCeTis mSeneblobas bevri momxre da mowinaaRmdege hyavs


msoflio

imam feizal abdul raufis gancxa-debiT, maT surT, rom manhetenze arsebuli iudaisturi sazogado-ebrivi centris msgavsi kompleqsi aagon.

imami proeqts Tavis meuRlesTan deizi xanTan da niu-iorkSi dabade-bul, warmoSobiT arab investorTan _ Sarif al gamalTan erTad axor-cielebs. imami cnobilia islamis-turi terorizmis kritikiTa da mSvidobiani islamis ideebis gavr-celebiT. mas kritikuli pozicia uWiravs amerikis sagareo politikis mimarTac, Tumca amave dros, miiCne-vs, rom amerika, Tavisi religiuri tolerantobiTa da mravalferov-nebiT, idealuri islamuri sazoga-

doebaa. is aseve mxars uWers qalTa uflebebs.

saxalxo sentimentebs 11 seqtem-bers daRupulTa naTesavebis pozi-cia amZafrebs. maTi nawili miiCnevs, rom „meCeTis“ aSeneba micvalebulTa da tragediis adgilis Seuracxyo-faa.

konservatori ideologebisa da blogerebis nawili amtkicebs, rom muslimebi meCeTebs dapyro-bil teritoriebze ageben. amitom, 11 seqtembris memorialTan msgavsi mSeneblobis ganxorcieleba miuRe-belia. maTi azriT, amaze miuTiTebs proeqtis Tavdapirveli saxelwode-bac _ `kordobis meCeTi~. kordoba arabebis mier dapyrobili espaneTis dedaqalaqi iyo, romelic Tavisi religiuri mravalferovnebiT iyo cnobili.

radikaluri konservatorebis erT-erTma kerpma _ sara peilinma meCeTis Tema Tavisi politikuri kampaniis erT-erT Semadgenel nawi-

lad ukve aqcia. man ganacxada, rom proeqtis avtorebma amgvari pro-vokaciisgan Tavi unda Seikavon. pei-linma muslimebs socialuri qselis, `tviteris~ saSualebiT mouwoda, rom uari Tqvan meCeTis aSenebaze, radgan es idea „gulSi esoba“ ameri-kelebs da xels uSlis 11 seqtembris tragediidan amosvlas.

mxareebs Soris msgavsi dapirispi-reba da politikosebis sifrTxile amerikuli demokratiis im funda-mentur problemaze gvafiqrebs, ro-melic jer kidev 1835 wels frangma politikis filosofosma _ aleqsis de tokvilma SeniSna. am SemTxveva-Si, erTmaneTs upirispirdeba umci-resobis dacvis liberaluri prin-

cipi da umravlesobis Sexedulebis gaTvaliswinebis demokratiuli im-pulsi. erTis mixedviT, saxelmwifo aris imisi garantia, rom umcire-sobebis umravlesobis tiraniisgan daicavs da es qveynis uryev mTavar samarTlebriv dokumentSi _ kons-tituciaSi aris gawerili. meore mxriv, demokratiul saxelmwifoSi arsebobs umravlesobis azrisTvis upiratesobis miniWebis iseTi meqa-nizmebi, rogoricaa arCevnebi da re-ferendumebi. politikosebis im na-wils, visac am sakiTxis Sesaxeb xmis amoReba da meCeTis aSenebis ideis Riad dacva uWirs, savaraudod, swo-red moaxloebuli kongresis arCev-nebis SiSi aqvs.

demokratiasa da liberalizms So-ris amgvari dapirispirebis momswre-ni msgavs Temaze ukve gavxdiT. SveicariaSi, 2009 wlis noemberSi, sayovelTao referendumis ZaliT Sveicariis federalur konstitu-ciaSi cvlilebis Setanas miaRwies,

romlis mixedviTac qveyanaSi axali minareTebis aSeneba aikrZala. aqac mkveTrad gamoCnda, rom xazi li-beralizmsa da demokratias Soris xSirad saxelmwifos, rogorc insti-tutis arsebobaze gadis. am SemTxve-vaSi, saxelmwifos (rogorc aRmas-rulebel, ise warmomadgenlobiT organoebs) sakiTxTan mimarTebaSi mkveTri pozicia hqondaT _ minare-Tebis akrZalva arRvevs adamianis sayovelTao uflebebs da religiis Tavisuflebas.

„saxelmwifo Tu sazogadoebis umravlesobis“ dilema kargad ga-moCnda niu-iorkis meris blumber-gis gamosvlaSic. man, marTalia, sxva sityvebiT, magram arsebiTad igive

problema gadmosca, rodesac Tqva, rom amerikaSi kanoni sazogadoebis sentimentebze maRla unda dadges.

amerikis konstituciiT msgavs sakiTxebze _ meCeTis aSenebaze re-ferendumis Catareba ikrZaleba, ma-gram saxelmwifos da politikosebis mkveTri poziciis gareSe, advili SesaZlebelia, meCeTis proeqtis avtorebi SantaJis qveS moeqcnen da adamianis universalur uflebebs gaumarTlebeli ziani miadges. yve-la mxare elodeba, Tu rogor gada-wydeba es, erTi SexedviT, arc ise mniSvnelovani problema _ SesaZloa, amerikis politikaSi swored amgvar-ma dapirispirebebma masStaburi te-qtonikuri Zvrebi gamoiwvios.

imam feizalma da misma meuRlem proeqtis gamocxadebis Semdeg ara-erTi muqaris werili miiRes. misma meuRlem, 3 oqtombers ganacxada, rom maTi sicocxle safrTxeSia. Ta-vad imami ramdenime RonisZiebas usa-frTxoebis mizeziT ver daeswro.

meCeTi, romelmac msgavsi dapirispireba gamoiwvia, ara imdenad religiuri, aramed

sazogadoebrivi centria. mas oficialurad swored ase hqvia _ „muslimuri sazogadoebrivi

centri“.


msoflio

irani

rialis Savi momavaliaris Tu ara erovnuli valutis inflacia iranSi politikuri reJimis ryevis pirveli niSani?

leqso Cqareuli

iranis erovnuli valutis _ ria-lis inflaciam kritikul niSnuls miaRwia. bolo sami-oTxi Tvis man-Zilze TiTqmis 10-jer gaizarda sa-sursaTo produqtis fasi da rac mTavaria, specialistebi damaime-debel prognozs verc samomavlod akeTeben. marTalia, xelisufle-bis mier kontrolirebad mediaSi

xSirad Cndeba ama Tu im eqspertis mosazrebaze damyarebuli optimis-turi gancxadebebi, magram am gan-cxadebaTa mizani populisturia da isini realur viTarebas ar asaxaven.

realoba ki lamis bavSvmac icis: umZimesma saerTaSoriso ekonomi-kurma embargom qveyana iseT mdgo-mareobaSi Caayena, rom ganviTarebis

mciredi Sansic ar dautova. Tei-ranis birJaze gamefebuli situa-cia bolo xans TiTqmis ucvlelia: birJas erTi meoris miyolebiT toveben aqamde moqmedi msxvili saerTaSoriso moTamaSeebi da maT kvaldakval erTmaneTis miyolebiT ecema didi erovnuli sawarmoebis aqciebi.


msoflio

prezidenti arsebuli viTarebis ga-marTlebas politikuri ritorikiT cdilobs.

mahmud ahmadinejadis gancxade-biT, am rezoluciis umTavresi mi-zani iyo is, rom sionisturi reJimi, romelic maTi danaSaulebebisa da SeTqmulebrivi gegmebis aRmasru-lebeli iaraRia, msoflio sazoga-doebrivi azris umZimesi zewolidan gamoeyvanaT; magram maT unda icod-nen, rom iraneli eri da msoflios Tavisuflebismoyvare erebi fxi-zlad arian da saTanado pasuxsac gascemen am reJimis danaSaulebebs!~

Tumca, saqme isaa, rom ufulobi-Ta da materialuri gasaWiriT Tav-mobezrebuli iranelebi sul ufro naklebad emxrobian msgavs rito-rikas da mzad arian, maTi da maTi Svilebis upirvelesi mteri, ara sionisturi reJimis, aramed saku-Tari mTavrobis umaRles eSelone-bSi eZion.

36 wlis ali, romelic Teiranis bazarSi vaWrobs, ambobs, rom Ta-vzardacemulia qveyanaSi Seqmnili viTarebiT da hgonia, rom male masa da misnairebs SimSiliT sikvdili emuqreba, radgan mTavrobis ugu-nurma politikam qveynis ekonomi-kuri safuZvlebi ise Searyia, rom iZulebulia, Tavisi saqonlis fasi daaxloebiT xuTjer gazardos. aman muStari da Sesabamisad, Semosavali Seumcira. `roca pirveladi moxma-rebis sagnebi katastrofulad ga-Zvirda, mis saqonels muStari sai-dan eyoleba!~

ali momavals didi SiSiT Sehyu-rebs, radgan dRevandeli situacia jer kidev yvelaferi ar aris, namd-vili katastrofa benzinis fasebis liberalizaciis Semdeg daiwyeba, roca mTavroba benzinis samomxma-reblo fasis nawils aRar dafaravs da mosaxleoba iZulebuli iqneba, am sasicocxlod aucilebel pro-duqtSi aTjer meti gadaixados. es ki avtomaturad gamoiwvevs fasebis zrdas nebismier sxva produqciaze.

umZimesma saerTaSoriso

ekonomikurma

embargom qveyana iseT

mdgomareobaSi Caayena,

rom ganviTarebis mciredi

Sansic ar dautova.

viTarebis damZimeba gamowveulia konkretuli gadawyvetilebiT, ro-melic 2010 wlis 14 ivniss evro-sabWos sagareo saqmeTa ministe-rialze miiRes. am gadawyvetilebis Tanaxmad, kidev ufro gamkacrda iranis mimarT dakisrebuli ekono-mikuri sanqciebi. kerZod: aikrZala iranis navTobisa da gazis mrewve-lobaSi raime saxis kapitaldaban-deba, am mrewvelobisaTvis Taname-drove teqnikuri saSualebebisa da aRWurvilobis iranisaTvis gadace-ma da aseve raime saxis momsaxurebis gaweva.

Tumca, evrosabWos sagareo po-litikaze pasuxismgebelma katrin eSTvanma, axali ekonomikuri sanq-ciebis gamocxadebisas, sagangebod aRniSna, rom am akrZalvebis miuxe-davad, evrosabWo kvlavac iranTan dialogis gagrZelebis momxrea.

iranuli warmoSobis doqtor seied soleiman safavis azriT, rome-lic londonSi samSvidobo procese-bis Semswavlel saerTaSoriso cen-trs xelmZRvanelobs, `samwuxarod, msoflio sazogadoebriobisa da saxelmwifoebis Sexeduleba iranSi arsebuli viTarebis Sesaxeb am qvey-nis atomuri saqmianobis Taobaze gavrcelebul msoflio sazogado-ebriobis rezoluciaTa zegavlenas ganicdis da, ra Tqma unda, es viTa-reba, mTlianobaSi, didad ewinaaRm-degeba iranis erovnul interesebs. rezoluciaTa garda, dasavleTis qveynebi da maTi regionuli mokav-Sireebi, sakuTar daqvemdebarebaSi arsebuli sainformacio saSualebe-bis gamoyenebiT, kidev ufro wamla-ven sazogadoebrivi azris sivrces islamuri iranis winaaRmdeg.~

safavis SeniSvniT, àseT viTare-baSi, samwuxarod, iranis erovnulma teleradio komitetma, miuxedavad asiaTasobiT dolaris danaxarjisa, am viTarebis gamosasworeblad da msoflioSi iranis saxis ukeTesad warmoCenisaTvis veraferi iRona.~

imave eqspertis azriT, iranis wi-

naaRmdeg dasavluri politikis ga-marjveba ara imdenad dasavlelTa Zlierebas aaSkaravebs, ramdenadac iranis dRevandeli xelisuflebis diplomatiuri aparatis sisuste-ebs uCvenebs, romelmac ver SeZlo iraneli xalxis kanonieri intere-sebi msoflio arenaze ganuxrelad, Tanmimdevrulad da logikurad da-ecva.~

vidre iranis oficialur presa-Si adgilobrivi eqspertebi qveynis ekonomikuri daqveiTebis araarse-biT mizezebze saubriT erTobian da amas xan televiziis Sefs, xanac ucxoeTis mier marTul opozicias abraleben, amasobaSi sul ufro Rrmavdeba krizisi, rac, upirvele-sad, mosaxleobis SedarebiT dabal fenebze aisaxeba.

Tu ramdenime wlis win Teiransa da iranis sxva did qalaqebSi, pra-

qtikulad, maTxovars ver naxavdiT, axla quCebi savsea xelgawvdili qa-lebiTa da bavSvebiT, soflidan sa-Sovarze Camosuli axalgazrdebiTa da, rac mTavaria, mowyalebis mTxo-vneli jariskacebiT, rac qveynis Sida politikur-ekonomikuri si-tuaciis kidev erT umniSvnelovanes waxnags aaSkaravebs: armia, an yovel SemTxvevaSi am armiis garkveuli Se-naerTebi da nawilebi, mniSvnelov-nad aris demoralizebuli.

qveynis dRevandeli mTavroba da


msoflio

ase rom, arc Tu Soreul moma-valSi irani, romelic mudmivad gamoirCeoda siiafiTa da socialu-ri dacvis programaTa efeqtiano-biT, msoflios erT-erTi uZviresi qveyana gaxdeba, sadac, praqtiku-lad, aranairi socialuri programa aRar imuSavebs.

aqamde, umZimes politikur reJims arsebobas unarCunebda ase Tu ise swori menejmenti, rac mosaxleobis saSualo fenis sasicocxlo inte-resTa gaTvaliswinebaSi vlindebo-da. bolo xanebamde iranis islamu-ri mTavroba axerxebda, balansi ise daecva, rom qveynis mosaxleobis ZiriTadi nawili, Semosavlisa da sursaTis fasebis xelmisawvdomo-bis gamo, kmayofili hyoloda.

bolo dros ki viTareba kardina-lurad Seicvala da aman qveyanaSi socialuri ukmayofileba ukidure-sad gaamZafra. irani denTis kasrze zis da benzinis fasis liberaliza-cia SesaZloa, marTlac alalbedze gakruli asanTi aRmoCndes.


mezoblebi

11 oqtombers prezidentma saakaS-vilma xeli moawera brZanebas Crdi-loeT kavkasiis respublikebisTvis uvizo reJimis SemoRebasTan dakav-SirebiT. qarTulma mxarem gamarti-vebuli reJimis dawesebis mizezad humanitaruli da komerciuli inte-resebi daasaxela.

am gadawyvetilebam ruseTis myi-sieri negatiuri reaqcia gamoiwvia. 12 oqtombers sagareo saqmeTa mi-nistrma sergei lavrovma amas pro-paganduli nabiji uwoda. metic, ru-seTis federaciis mrCevelTa sabWos Tavmjdomaris moadgilem aleqsandr torSinma saqarTvelos brali das-do CrdiloeT kavkasiel boevikeb-Tan urTierTobis gamartivebis mc-delobaSi. torSinma, rogorc Cans, ver gaacnobiera, rom Tavisi am gan-cxadebiT yvela CrdiloeTkavkasie-

li iatakqveSa SeiaraRebaSi monawi-leobaSi daadanaSaula.

saqarTvelos xelisuflebis po-litika, garkveulwilad, imeorebs Tavad ruseTis nabijebs. maSin, ro-desac saqarTvelos teritoriul erTianobas jer kidev aRiarebda, ruseTma saqarTvelos moqalaqeebis-Tvis savizo reJimi daawesa, xolo afxazeTis, samxreT oseTis da yaz-begis regionis mosaxleobisTvis ki uvizo reJimi SemoiRo. 2008 wlis ivnisSi medvedevis brZanebiT uvizo reJimi baltiis qveynebis im rusu-lad molaparake mosaxleobisTvisac dawesda, romlebic mudmiv sacxo-vrebel adgilze moqalaqeobis miRe-bas ver axerxebdnen.

CrdiloeT kavkasiis respublike-bisTvis sazRvrebis gaxsna saqarTve-los oficialuri mxaris gancxade-

biT, saakaSvilis mier 23 seqtembers gaeroSi Tavisufali, stabiluri da erTiani kavkasiis Sesaxeb gakeTebu-li moxsenebis logikuri gagrZele-baa. naTelia, rom Tbilisis aseTi nabijis Semdeg burTi ruseTis mo-edanzea. axla misi jeria, rom ka-vkasiasTan dakavSirebiT rame axali moifiqros. aqamde yvela reaqcia, refleqsis doneze, Semdegi lozun-giT gamoixateboda: „yvelaferi, ra-sac saqarTvelo akeTebs, ruseTis-Tvis avis momtania.“

mosalodnelia, rom male moskovi gaiazrebs, rac moxda da konkretul qmedebebze gadava. Tumca, saeWvoa, rom ruseTis mkacrma nabijebma _ Tundac, yazbegi-zemo larsis saba-Jo-gamSvebi punqtis kidev erTxel Caketvam, mas raime sargebeli mou-tanos.

CrdiloeTi kavkasia

or strategias Sorisratom SeuZlia saqarTvelos CrdiloeT

kavkasiaSi ruseTze gamarjveba.

valeri Zucevi


mezoblebi

udavoa, rom Crdilokavkasielebs, romelTac saqarTvelosTan saqmia-ni, naTesauri da megobruli ur-TierTobebi akavSirebT, mimosvlis gamartivebam didi sixaruli mianiWa. saqarTvelom am nabijiT nawilobriv wertili dausva CrdiloeT kavkasiis danarCeni msofliosgan izolacias.

sakuTari imijis amaRlebasTan er-Tad, sazRvris gaxsniT saqarTvelo mezobeli teritoriebidan ekonomi-kuri kavSirebis gaZlierebas da da-

matebiT turistebs miiRebs. es sak-maod realisturi scenaria, radgan saqarTveloSi momsaxurebis done da dasvenebis industria bevrad sjobs ruseTisas. amas garda, bevri kanon-morCili kavkasielisTvis ruseTis sxva regionebSi gamgzavrebas Sina-gan saqmeTa uwyebebis TanamSromle-bTan da rus nacistebTan saxifaTo Sexvedrebi axlavs Tan.

ruseTis federaciis prokura-turis sagamoZiebo komitetis Ta-

vmjdomaris vasili piskarevis gan-cxadebiT, 2005 wels nacionalistur niadagze 152 mkvlelobis SemTxveva dafiqsirda. ukve 2009 wels am ma-Cvenebelma 548-s miaRwia. imis ga-TvaliswinebiT, rom aseTi tipis Tavdasxmebis ZiriTadi msxverpli kavkasiis respublikebis mcxovrebni arian, amasTan ara raime terito-riuli niSniT, aramed kanis feris gaTvaliswinebiT, ruseTis federa-ciaSi moZraoba yovelTvis komfor-tuli da usafrTxo ar aris.

CrdiloeT kavkasiis mosaxleobis danarCen samyarosTan kontaqtis gaZliereba sruliad Seesabame-ba Tavad ruseTis xelisuflebis strategias (yovel SemTxvevaSi mis deklarirebul nawils). amitomac, ormagad gasakviria, ratom hqondaT ruseTis oficialur pirebs aseTi mwvave reaqcia, roca saqarTvelom am qveynebs swored es Sansi misca.

seqtembris dasawyiSi ruseTis fe-deraciam 2025 wlamde CrdiloeT kavkasiis socialur-ekonomikuri ganviTarebis strategia gamoaqvey-na. erT-erT strategiul miznad CrdiloeT kavkasiis ekonomikuri ganviTarebis daCqareba da misi Cr-dilo-samxreTis koridorSi CarTva dasaxelda.

avtorebis survilis miuxedavad, daecvaT politkoreqtuloba, stra-tegiaSi mainc gamosWvivis rusuli nacionalizmi. magaliTad, igegmeba specialuri samuSao-saemigracio saagentos Seqmna, romelic ruseTis regionebSi CrdiloeT kavkasieli samuSao Zalis gagzavniTa da dasa-qmebiT iqneba dakavebuli. moskovi miiCnevs, rom CrdiloeT kavkasiaSi arsebuli umuSevroba, romelic zog respublikaSi 50 procentia, separa-tistuli sentimentebis gaRvivebas uwyobs xels.

strategia regionSi eTnikurad rusi mosaxleobis xelovnurad ga-zrdasac isaxavs miznad. magaliTis-Tvis, igegmeba: „rusuli mosaxleo-bisTvis socialuri preferenciebis

CrdiloeTi kavkasia

or strategias Soris

Tbilisis aseTi nabijis Semdeg burTi ruseTis moedanzea. axla

misi jeria, rom kavkasiasTan dakavSirebiT rame axali moifiqros.

aqamde yvela reaqcia, refleqsis doneze, Semdegi lozungiT

gamoixateboda: „yvelaferi, rasac saqarTvelo akeTebs,

ruseTisTvis avis momtania.“


mezoblebi

Seqmna, maT Soris ganaTlebis da mecnierebis sferoSi, adgilobrivi rusi mosaxleobisTvis umaRlesi saswavleblebis sabiujeto ganyo-filebebSi kvotebis gamoyofa, sa-xelmwifo da municipaluri momsa-xurebis gaweva, gansakuTrebiT _ maTi kompaqturad Casaxlebis adgi-lebSi.“

unda aRiniSnos, rom ruseTis xe-lisuflebis gadawyvetilebis miuxe-davad, „xeli mohkidos“ CrdiloeT kavkasias, am strategiis qmeduna-rianoba seriozul eWvs iwvevs. amis erT-erTi magaliTia CrdiloeT ka-vkasiis respublikebSi e.w. turistu-li samTo-saTxilamuro kurortis Seqmnis idea.

gazeT Коммерсант-Дэйли-is in-formaciiT, kurortis gaSeneba 15 milion aSS dolaramde dajdeba da am Tanxis amoRebas investors 10 weliwadSi hpirdebian. proeqti avstriis alpuri zonis kurorte-bisTvis damaxasiaTebeli turiste-bis raodenobazea gaTvlili. ru-seTis xelisuflebam dafinansebis mopovebis imediT, proeqti ramde-nime msxvil saerTaSoriso banks warudgina, Tumca uSedegod. es ga-sagebicaa _ mxolod bolo ori Tvis ganmavlobaSi meamboxeebi yabardo-balyareTis da daRestnis or ele-qtrosadgurs daesxnen Tavs.

ruseTis saxelmwifo strategia-Si aseve aRniSnulia, rom „regionis sakurorto zonis, sakuTriv samgza-vro da sakruizo sazRvao gadazid-vebis ganviTarebis mizniT, auci-lebelia kaspiis zRvis sanapiroze, maxaCkalidan derbetamde sazRvao sadgurebis da samgzavro termi-

nalebis, aseve saporto punqtebis aSeneba. sakruizo marSrutebi Se-saZloa, ganxorcieldes rogorc qveynis centris, aseve volga-donis arxis gavliT xmelTaSua zRvisa da Savi zRvis baseinis qveynebis mimar-TulebiT.“ am strategiis avtorebs, rogorc Cans, aravin uTxra, rom daRestnis rkinigzaze TiTqmis yo-vel kviras xdeba ubeduri SemTxve-va, rom araferi vTqvaT politikur mkvlelobebsa da SeiaraRebul Se-takebebze.

strategiaSi qarTveli mkiTxve-lisTvis metismetad saintereso de-talebia. kerZod, saubaria àlagir-qvemo zaramagidan saqarTvelos sazRvramde mimavali saavtomobilo

gzis rekonstruqciasa da moderni-zaciaze.“ es CrdiloeT kavkasiidan ruseTis mier aRiarebuli samxreT oseTisken mimavali gzaa.

dokumentSi faqtobriv Secdomeb-sac SexvdebiT. magaliTad, saubaria CrdiloeTi kavkasiis federaluri olqis 13 milionian mosaxleobaze, Tumca ruseTis oficialuri sta-tistikis Tanaxmad, olqSi mxolod 9 milioni adamiani cxovrobs.

kidev erTi sagulisxmo ricxvi CrdiloeT kavkasiis regionSi ara-realurad maRal Sobadobas asaxavs. teqstis avtorebis cnobiT, am fe-deralur olqSi 1990 wlidan 2009 wlamde mosaxleobis raodenoba 1,68 procentiT gaizarda _ da es ru-sulad molaparake da adgilobrivi mosaxleobis gadinebis pirobebSi. sinamdvileSi, sociologebis cno-biT, daRestanSi, CeCneTSi, inguSeT-sa da yabardo-balyareTSi 2002 wlis aRwera gaayalbes. swored aman gana-

piroba regionis mosaxleobis aseTi monacemebi.

miuxedavad imisa, rom strategia udavod asaxavs rusuli sazogado-ebis da xelisuflebis ganwyobas, SezRuduli finansuri resurse-bisa da politikuri arastabilu-robis gaTvaliswinebiT, moskovis mxridan CrdiloeT kavkasiis re-gionis ganviTarebaSi finansuri investiciebis zrda naklebad aris mosalodneli.

piriqiT, mosalodnelia Zalovani uwyebebisa da CrdiloeT kavkasiis respublikebze administraciuli gavlenis gaZliereba, radgan es Se-darebiT nakleb finansebs moiTxo-vs. dRes iq, praqtikulad, „meore

mdivnis“ sabWoTa instituti mefo-bs, rodesac respublikaSi meore kacs yovelTvis eTnikurad rusi warmoadgens. CrdiloeT kavkasiaSi prezidentis sruluflebian war-momadgenlad muSaobisas aleqsandr xloponini respublikebis Sida sa-qmeebSi uprecedentod ereoda. is, faqtobrivad, kavkasiur respubli-kebs pirdapir marTavda. ruseTis survili, rom statusis formalu-rad gauqmebis gareSe, CrdiloeT ka-vkasiis respublikebma politikuri Sinaarsi dakargon _ aSkaraa.

am pirobebSi, saqarTvelos gaxsni-loba SesaZloa, Crdilokavkasiuri elitisTvis seriozul alternati-vad iqces. Tu demokratiuli sa-qarTvelo mosazRvre respublike-bisTvis mimzidvel modelad iqceva, saboloo jamSi, ruseTs regionis axali realobebis gaTvaliswineba da kavkasiis politikis xelaxla da-gegmva mouwevs.

SezRuduli finansuri resursebisa da politikuri arastabilurobis gaTvaliswinebiT,

moskovis mxridan CrdiloeT kavkasiis regionis ganviTarebaSi finansuri investiciebis zrda

naklebad aris mosalodneli.

stambuli, 2010 wlis evropis kulturis dedaqalaqadaa gamocxadebuli, 2010


mezoblebi

TurqeTi da evrokavSiri

TiTqmis evropuli TurqeTirogoria TurqeTis evrokavSirSi gaerTianebis momxreTa da mowinaaRmdegeTa

argumentebi da SeiZleba Tu ara es qveyana axlo momavalSi evrokavSiris wevri gaxdes?

emil suleimanovi

bolo ramdenime welia, TurqeTis evrointegraciaze evrokavSiris 27 wevri saxelmwifo msjelobs. wevr saxelmwifoebSi gansxvavebuli Se-xedulebebi dominirebs, romle-bic sxvadasxva argumentebs eyrd-noba: socialur-politikuriT dawyebuli da geostrategiuliT damTavrebuli.

„metismetad muslimuri, metisme-tad Raribi da metismetad didi“ _ TurqeTis wevrobis mowinaaRmdege-Ta pozicia ase SeiZleba, ganvazo-gadoT.

marTlac, TurqeTi uzarmazari islamuri saxelmwifoa, romlis teritoriis 95 procenti geogra-fiulad aziaSi mdebareobs. dRei-saTvis, TurqeTis mosaxleoba 75 milions aWarbebs da es cifri yo-velwliurad izrdeba, maSin, roca demografiuli zrda gaerTianebul evropaSi, ager ukve aTeuli welia, SeCerebulia.

imigranti muslimebis STamomav-lebisgan Camoyalibebul diaspo-ras (Turqebi germaniaSi, arabebi safrangeTSi da a.S), patara alba-neTs da bosnia-hercogovinas Tu ar CavTvliT, evropis kontinentze istoriulad Camoyalibebuli is-lamuri sazogadoebebi ar arsebo-bs.

bevri evropelisTvis, gansaku-TrebiT, religiuri konservato-rebisTvis, qristianoba garkveu-lwilad evropuli identobis ganmsazRvrelia. amdenad, musli-muri TurqeTi, vesternizaciisken mimarTuli reformebis miuxeda-vad, evropis _ qristianuli civi-lizaciis organuli nawili ver ga-

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stambuli, 2010 wlis evropis kulturis dedaqalaqadaa gamocxadebuli, 2010


mezoblebi

xdeba. piriqiT, bevri fiqrobs, rom is ucxo elementi iqneba da „evro-pis islamizaciis“ risk-faqtori SeiZleba, gaxdes. TurqeTis wevro-bis mowinaaRmdegeebi, romelTac msgavsi argumenti aqvT, evropaSi Turqul diasporebze miuTiTeben, romelTac integraciis mwvave pro-blema aqvT.

TurqeTis wevrobis mowinaaRm-degeebad, ZiriTad, is qveynebi da regionebi gamodian, sadac morwmu-neTa procentuli raodenoba maRa-lia _ gansakuTrebiT, kaTolikuri rwmenis aRmsareblebi da osmale-Tis imperiasTan brZolis gamocdi-lebis mqoneni: avstria, germaniis bavaria da a.S.

imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom 10 weliwadSi TurqeTis mosaxleoba daaxloebiT 100 milioni iqneba, igi SeiZleba, evrokavSiris de-mografiulad yvelaze Zlier sa-xelmwifod iqces. es ki, sakavSiro institutebSi, magaliTad, evro-parlamentSi, ankaris rolis domi-nirebas gamoiwvevs.

bevri SiSobs, rom TurqeTi, romlis mTliani Sida produqti evropis mSp-s mxolod 2 procents Seadgens, metismetad Raribia da, Sesabamisad, evrokavSirs sargebels ver moutans. piriqiT, TurqeTi briuselis biujetidan mudmivad miliardobiT evros gamoTxoviT iqneba dakavebuli. vinc TurqeTis samxreT-aRmosavleT nawilSi namyo-fia da iqaurobis CamorCeniloba unaxavs, skeptikosebis es argumen-ti damajereblad moeCveneba.

amasTan, TurqeTis evrokavSir-Si gawevrianeba sabolood mouRe-bs bolos evrofederaciis Seqmnis imedebs. TurqeTi gansxvavebu-li politikuri kulturis mqone qveyanaa. Tavisi erovnuli inte-resebidan gamomdinare, ankaras gauWirdeba bevri mniSvnelovani saxelmwifoebrivi funqciis rome-lime zesaxelmwifoebrivi gaerTia-nebisaTvis gadacema.

tradiciulad, TurqeTis we-vrobis mimarT yvelaze negatiur pozicias safrangeTi ikavebs, romlis agro-samrewvelo seqto-ri mTlianad briuselis dotacie-bzea damokidebuli. evrokavSiris saerTo biujetis naxevarze meti swored samiwaTmoqmedo dargebis mxardasaWerad ixarjeba. Turqe-Ti, romlis mosaxleobis mesamedi soflis meurneobaSia dasaqmebu-li (maSin, roca dasavleT evropis qveynebSi es maCvenebeli mxolod 3-4 procentia) am biujetis mTa-vari momxmarebeli gaxdeba. yovel SemTxvevaSi, TurqeTis evrokav-SirSi wevrobiT, es biujeti mis dRevandel formas namdvilad ver SeinarCunebs. es ki sruliad miu-Rebelia frangi fermerebisaTvis _ da ara marto maTTvis.

yvelaferTan erTad, TurqeTis samxreTi da aRmosavleTi sazRvre-bi _ siriasTan, erayTan da iranTan _ potenciurad feTqebadsaSiSia. am qveynebTan mezobloba „kulti-virebuli“ evropis interesebSi su-lac ar Sedis.

meore mxriv, swored TurqeTis geopolitikuri mdebareobaa maTi mTavari argumentic, vinc am qvey-nis evropul ojaxSi gawevrianebis momxrea.

aseTebi ki bevria: amerika, didi britaneTi, skandinaviis, da vaSing-tonTan mWidro kavSirebis mqone centraluri evropis da baltiis saxelmwifoebi.

gasuli saukunis 50-iani wle-bidan, TurqeTi `nato~-s saimedo wevria. igi prodasavluri tipis sekularul demokratias warmo-

bevri evropelisTvis, gansakuTrebiT, religiuri

konservatorebisTvis, qristianoba garkveulwilad evropuli

identobis ganmsazRvrelia. amdenad, muslimuri TurqeTi,

vesternizaciisken mimarTuli reformebis miuxedavad,

evropis _ qristianuli civilizaciis organuli nawili ver

gaxdeba.

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mezoblebi

adgens. amasTan, misi geostrate-giuli mniSvneloba uzarmazaria. TurqeTi aris erTdroulad axlo aRmosavleTis, kavkasiis, balka-neTis, Savi da xmelTaSua zRvis auzebis qveyana. me-20 saukunis dasawyisSi aTa Turqis mier gan-xorcielebuli prodasavluri reformebis Semdeg, TurqeTi da-savleTis samyaros erTgvari fan-jaraa islamur samyaroSi. amdenad, am qveynis evrokavSirSi Sesvlis mxardamWerebi miiCneven, rom mo-winaaRmdegeTa argumentebi Turqe-Tis am mniSvnelobasTan SedarebiT araadekvaturia.

swored TurqeTis gamocdilebas swavloben isini, visac marokodan indoneziamde gadaWimul islamur saxelmwifoebSi demokratiis aSene-ba surs. Tu TurqeTs mniSvnelova-

ni argumentebis gareSe wevrobaze uars etyvian, es evropisadmi, ro-gorc eqskluziurad qristianuli klubisadmi, misi ormagi standar-tebis gamo muslimTa undoblobas gazrdis.

Sesabamisad, garTuldeba evropa-Si imigranti-muslimebis integra-ciis procesi. maTi raodenoba ki, dReisaTvis 15 milions aWarbebs. TurqeTis wevrobis momxreTa mtki-cebiT, TurqeTis demografiul zrdas da misi samuSao Zalis evro-paSi migracias momavalSi evropu-li ekonomikis gadarCena SeuZlia. specialistebi didi xania saubro-ben imaze, rom uaxloes aT weliwa-dSi samuSao asakis mosaxleobis simciris gamo evropa kritikul mdgomareobaSi aRmoCndeba. 1960-70-ian wlebSi germaniis ekonomikis

ganviTarebaSi didi roli swored Sromismoyvare Turqma gastarbai-terebma Seasrules.

evrokavSiris momxreebi, romle-bic federaciis ideas ar iziare-ben da miiCneven, rom evrokavSiris wevrebi momavalSic Zlieri eri-sa-xelmwifoebi unda iyvnen, miwaTmo-qmedebis seqtoris dotacias eWvis TvaliT uyureben. maTi azriT, adre Tu gvian, amaze uari unda iTqvas, radgan es niSnavs iseTi sferos Seqmnas da Senaxvas, rome-lic sabazro ekonomikis realiebs ar pasuxobs. maT evropeli gada-saxadebis gadamxdelTa xarjze, am seqtoris mudmivad arseboba dauS-vebelad miaCniaT.

romeli argumentebi aRmoCndeba gadamwyveti? TurqeTi kvlav mo-lodinis reJimSia.

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stambuli _ kontrastebis qalaqi, 2010


konstitucia

axali premier-ministri

irakli kobaxiZe, samarTlis doqtori

axali konstituciiT, premier-ministri aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis eqskluziuri lideri xdeba. is marTavs qveynis saSinao da sagareo politikas da politikuri xelSeuxeblobis myari garantiebi aqvs.

sakonstitucio cvlilebebi amkvi-drebs mmarTvelobis axal models, romelic qveynis politikur liderad premier-ministrs aqcevs.

konstituciuri kanonis proeqtze msjelobisas, eqspertebi da politi-kosebi xSirad gamoTqvamen SiSs, rom momavali premier-ministris xelSi SesaZloa, metismetad farTo Zalau-flebis koncentracia moxvdes.

premier-ministris, prezidentis, parlamentisa da mTavrobis ufleba-mosilebebis SedarebiTi gaanalizebis safuZvelze ganvsazRvroT, marTlac Seicavs Tu ara premier-ministris instituti politikuri Zalauflebis amgvari koncentraciis realur risks.

prezidenti VS premier-ministri prezidenti aRar iqneba aRWurvili

saerTo aRmasrulebeli kompetencie-biT. Sesabamisad, arsebiTad izRudeba im uflebamosilebaTa CamonaTvali, romelzec prezidents damoukidebe-li pasuxismgebloba ekisreba.

axali prezidentis damoukidebel kompetenciebad ganisazRvreba _ sa-xelmwifo jildoebisa da specialuri wodebebis miniWeba; moqalaqeobis mi-niWeba da Sewyveta; msjavrdadebulTa Sewyaleba; parlamentis riggareSe se-siis an sxdomis mowveva; parlamentis mier mTavrobisTvis ndobis argamo-cxadebis safuZvelze, parlamentis daTxovna; iusticiis umaRlesi sabWos wevris daniSvna; parlamentisTvis ceskos wevrebis kandidaturebis ward-gena; sakonstitucio sasamarTlos sami wevris daniSvna; parlamentisTvis uzenaesi sasamarTlos Tavmjdomarisa da wevrebis kandidaturebis wardgena;

prezidentis administraciisa da ero-vnuli uSiSroebis sabWos saqmianobis uzrunvelyofa; saomari mdgomareobis gamocxadeba da gauqmeba, agreTve, sa-omari mdgomareobis dros dekretebis, brZanebebisa da sxva Sesabamisi aqtebis gamocema; kanonproeqtis mimarT vetos uflebis gamoyeneba.

Tu am CamonaTvals yuradRebiT gadavxedavT, davadgenT, rom moma-val prezidents miniWebuli ar aqvs imgvari damoukidebeli uflebamo-silebebi, romlebic mas premier-ministris Zalauflebis efeqturi dabalansebis SesaZleblobas mis-cemda.


konstitucia

SegviZlia, gamovyoT prezidentis ori kompetencia, romelTa arqona premier-ministris poziciebs, moqme-di prezidentis poziciebTan Sedare-biT, garkveulwilad asustebs. esenia _ uzenaesi sasamarTlos Tavmjdo-marisa da wevrebis kandidaturebis parlamentisTvis wardgena da kanon-proeqtebze vetos dadeba. Tumca, gadamwyvet rols premier-ministris Zalauflebis dabalansebis Tval-sazrisiT, samwuxarod, verc es ori uflebamosileba Seasrulebs.

premier-ministris kontrasignacias (anu, mis principul Tanxmobasac) saWi-roebs prezidentis gadawyvetilebebi, romlebic exeba _ sagangebo mdgomare-obis gamocxadebas da gauqmebas, agre-Tve sagangebo mdgomareobis dros Sesabamisi samarTlebrivi aqtebis ga-mocemas; teritoriuli erTeulebis warmomadgenlobiTi organoebis saq-mianobis SeCerebas an maT daTxovnas; TavSesafris micemas; umaRlesi samxe-dro wodebebis, sapatio wodebebisa da umaRlesi diplomatiuri rangebis miniWebas; parlamentis mier mTavro-bisTvis undoblobis vergamocxadebis safuZvelze, parlamentis daTxovnas.

kanonproeqtis Tanaxmad, kontra-signaciis SemTxvevaSi, Sesabamis aqtze pasuxismgebloba ekisreba ara prezi-dents, aramed mTavrobas, rac, iuri-diuli TvalsazrisiT, sakmaod ucnau-ria. aseT debulebebs konstituciebi, rogorc wesi, im SemTxvevaSi Seicavs, Tu saxelmwifos meTaurs Sesabamisi gadawyvetilebebis miRebis mxolod nominaluri kompetencia aqvs miniWe-buli. amgvari ganmartebis SemTxve-vaSi, zemoT CamoTvlili uflebamo-silebebi premier-ministris erTgvar eqskluziur kompetenciebad gardai-qmneba, rac damatebiT gaaZlierebs mis politikur poziciebs.

premier-ministri VS parlamentinebismieri sakanonmdeblo organo

aRWurvilia ori ZiriTadi uflebamo-silebiT _ SeimuSavebs kanonmdeblo-bas da akontrolebs aRmasrulebeli

xelisuflebis saqmianobas. swored es ori uflebamosileba aniWebs par-laments SesaZleblobas, efeqtianad daabalansos premier-ministrisa da mTavrobis politikuri Zalaufleba.

samwuxarod, sakonstitucio cvli-lebebi premier-ministrs parlamentis kanonSemoqmedebiT saqmianobaSi uxeSi Carevis SesaZleblobas aZlevs. ker-Zod, igi uflebamosilia, mTavrobis mier inicirebul nebismier kanonpro-eqts daukavSiros mTavrobis mimarT parlamentis ndobis sakiTxi. aseT SemTxvevaSi, parlamenti valdebulia, daCqarebuli wesiT (14 dReSi) miiRos nebismieri kanonproeqti. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, qveyana dgeba politiku-ri krizisis warmoqmnis, xolo parla-

menti _ daTxovnis seriozuli riskis winaSe.

Zalze SezRudulia parlamentis uflebamosilebebi premier-minis-trisa da mTavrobis saqmianobis sfe-roSic. kerZod, Tavisi sirTuliT, mTavrobisTvis undoblobis gamo-cxadebis wesi arafriT Camouvardeba moqmedi prezidentisTvis impiCmentis gamocxadebis proceduras, rac pre-mier-ministrs xelSeuxeblobis Zalze myar garantias aniWebs.

premier-ministri VS mTavrobaaRsaniSnavia, rom mTavroba, ro-

gorc kolegiuri organo, aRWur-vilia farTo uflebamosilebebiT qveynis saSinao da sagareo politikis mowesrigebis sferoSi, rac, erTi Se-xedviT, garkveulwilad abalansebs premier-ministris erTpirovnul Za-lauflebas. Tumca, sakonstitucio cvlilebebi premier-ministrs aZlevs SesaZleblobas, mudmivi wnexis qveS amyofos mTavrobis wevrebi. kerZod,

igi uflebamosilia, nebismier dros gadaayenos kabinetis Tundac mTeli Semadgenloba da daniSnos axali mi-nistrebi. aseT pirobebSi, mTavrobis wevrebi, bunebrivia, moklebuli arian unars, SeinarCunon damoukidebloba da warmatebiT daabalanson premier-ministris erTpirovnuli Zalaufle-ba.

daubalansebeli premier-ministripremier-ministris statusisa da

uflebamosilebebis analizi cxadyo-fs, rom sakonstitucio cvlilebebi ganamtkicebs Zlieri premier-minis-tris instituts. axali premier-minis-tri aris aRmasrulebeli xelisufle-bis eqskluziuri lideri, romelic

pasuxismgebelia qveynis saSinao da sagareo politikis ganxorcielebaze.

premier-ministris gaZliereba, Ta-visTavad, problema ar iqneboda, parlaments mis mimarT undoblobis gamocxadeba martivi proceduris sa-fuZvelze rom SeeZlos. parlamentis swored es uflebamosileba abalan-sebs saparlamento Tu Sereul res-publikebSi Zlier premier-ministrs. politikuri xelSeuxeblobis nakle-bad myari garantiebi aris erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi aspeqti, romelic premier-ministrs saprezidento an naxevradsaprezidento respublikis prezidentisgan ganasxvavebs.

im pirobebSi, rodesac ukiduresad garTulebulia parlamentis SesaZle-bloba, Tanamdebobidan gadaayenos mTavrobis meTauri, saqarTvelos konstitucias, sul mcire, unda dae-matos norma, romlis Tanaxmadac erTi da imave piris mier premier-ministris Tanamdebobis dakaveba zedized mxo-lod orjer iqneba SesaZlebeli.

premier-ministris statusisa da uflebamosilebebis analizi

cxadyofs, rom sakonstitucio cvlilebebi ganamtkicebs

Zlieri premier-ministris instituts.


laqo sazogadoebis aqtiuri CarTva warmoadgenda.

2. ramdenad iqna miRweuli refor-mis deklarirebuli mizani _ `saxe-lisuflebo ganStoebaTa efeqtiani, gawonasworebuli sistemis Seqmna~;

politikuri speqtris, aseve samo-qalaqo seqtoris garkveul nawils reformis procesSi monawileobis saSualeba hqonda, magram mxolod formalurad. umciresoba wamoaye-nebda gansaxilvel sakiTxebs, Tu-mca gadawyvetilebas yvela Temaze umravlesoba da yovelTvis sakuTa-ri Sexedulebebis mixedviT iRebda. SeuZlebelia, amas realuri Tanamo-nawileoba vuwodoT.

miuRweveli darCa reformis mi-zanic. marTalia, SemoTavazebuli cvlilebebi sruliad cvlis aR-masrulebeli xelisuflebis stru-qturas da mis damokidebulebas sakanonmdeblo organosTan, magram ZalTa balansis TvalsazrisiT Se-

daCqarebuli reforma

Tamar xidaSeli, saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia

axali konstitucia ver pasuxobs sakonstitucio reformis

deklarirebul mizans da politikuri krizisis riskebs Seicavs.

narCunebulia aRmasrulebeli xe-lisuflebis dominanturi mdgoma-reoba parlamentTan mimarTebaSi. gansxvaveba isaa, rom axal redaq-ciaSi aRmasrulebeli xelisufle-bis ZiriTadi simZime prezidentidan premier-ministrze gadadis.

marTalia, proeqti iTvaliswine-bs parlamentis sruliad axlebur rols mTavrobis formirebaSi, ma-gram proeqtis samarTlebrivi ana-lizis Sedegad cxadi xdeba, rom sakanonmdeblo organos axali uflebamosileba saTanado konsti-tuciuri garantiebiT araa gamyare-buli.

parlamenti gadawyvets mTavrobis uflebamosilebis moxsnis sakiTxs, uflebamosilia, SearCios premier-ministris axali kandidatura da ndoba gamoucxados mis mier war-modgenil mTavrobis Semadgenlo-bas. magram, amave dros, minimuma-mdea dayvanili misi monawileoba

dRes sakonstitucio reformaze _ rogorc ukve Semdgar faqtze _ SegviZlia, visaubroT. axal kons-tituciaSi cvlilebebis da damate-bebis miRebis formaluri mxare pa-raskevs, plenarul sxdomaze mesame kenWisyriT dasrulda. axla kanon-proeqti prezidents xelmosawerad gadaecema.

miuxedavad veneciis komisiis da-Jinebuli moTxovnisa, `momavali da efeqturi TanamSromlobis~ miz-niT, parlamenti komisiis saboloo daskvnas ara mxolod dalodeboda, aramed mxedvelobaSic mieRo, par-lametma Zalian iCqara.

saqarTvelos parlamentis regla-menti krZalavs konstituciisa da konstituciuri kanonis daCqare-buli wesiT ganxilvasa da miRebas. formalurad, parlaments regla-menti ar daurRvevia _ daCqarebuli wesi, amave reglamentis Tanaxmad, erTi kviris ganmavlobaSi proeqtis sami mosmeniT ganxilvasa da miRebas niSnavs. konstituciis proeqtma ki sami mosmena sam kviraSi gaiara.

Tumca, es vadebi mainc Cans, Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, Tu rodis Sedis axali konstitucia ZalaSi. debu-lebaTa umravlesoba, romelic yve-laze metad gaxda kritikis sagani, mxolod 2013 wlis 1 dekembridan amoqmeddeba.

iuridiuli TvalsazrisiT, kons-tituciuri reformis warmateba-warumateblobis analizisas, pirvel rigSi, unda Sefasdes:

1. ramdenad iqna daculi `proce-dura~, romelsac reformis proces-Si politikuri speqtrisa da samoqa-

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parlamentma miiRo konstitucia

konstitucia


ministrTa kabinetis Semdgom cvli-lebebTan, sabiujeto sakiTxebTan da zogadad, mTavrobis saqmianobis kontrolis sferoSi.

erTi mxriv, axali konstitucia gansakuTrebul mniSvnelobas aniWe-bs premier-ministris mier parla-mentisTvis wardgenili mTavrobis axali SemadgenlobisTvis ndobis ga-mocxadebas. imdenad did mniSvnelo-bas, rom ndobis gamoucxadeblobis SemTxvevaSi, prezidenti uflebamo-silia uunaro parlamenti saxlSi gauSvas.

am debulebaSi sagangaSo araferia - qveynis stabiluri funqcionire-bisaTvis aucilebelia, konstitu-ciuri institutebis urTierTndo-baze dafuZnebuli TanamSromloba.

Tumca, gaugebaria, ra saWiroa par-lamentis mxridan mTavrobisTvis ndobis gamocxadeba, Tu premier-ministri uflebamosilia, nebismier dros, parlamentTan SeuTanxmeblad gaaTavisuflos ndobagamocxadebu-li mTavrobis ara marto romelime wevri, aramed mTeli kabineti?

aRniSnuli debuleba, sul mcire, ukangadadgmuli nabijia. konstitu-ciis dRes moqmedi redaqciis mixed-viT, parlamentis mier mTavrobis-Tvis ndobis gamocxadebis Semdeg Tu Tavdapirveli Semadgenloba Sei-cvala erTi mesamediT (da aranakleb 5 wevriT), mTavrobas xelaxla sWir-deba parlamentis ndobis miReba.

mTavrobis wevrebis daniSvna-gaTavisuflebis sakiTxSi premier-ministris absoluturi Zalaufleba politikuri krizisis seriozul sa-frTxes Seicavs.

warmovidginoT, rom parlamentSi arc erT politikur Zalas ar hyavs

mTavrobis SemadgenlobisTvis ndo-bis gamosacxadeblad saWiro umra-vlesoba. romeli politikuri Zala moisurvebs koaliciur mTavrobaSi yofnas, Tu mudmivad iarsebebs sa-frTxe, rom premier-ministri ko-aliciur mTavrobas maleve aqcevs erTpartiul mTavrobad?

erTaderTi berketi, rac parla-ments premier-ministris TviTnebo-bis aRsakveTad rCeba, undoblobis proceduraa, rac, Tavis mxriv, par-lamentis SesaZlo daTxovnis safr-Txes Seicavs. undoblobis proce-duris uprecedento sirTulisa da xangrZlivobis gamo, parlamentis saxlSi gaSvebis safrTxe savsebiT realuria.

is, rom parlaments araviTari

berketi ar gaaCnia ministrTa kabi-netis sakadro sakiTxebTan dakavSi-rebiT, proeqtis sxva debulebiTac dasturdeba. kerZod, proeqtis Ta-naxmad, parlamenti uflebamosilia, premier-ministris winaSe dasvas mTavrobis calkeuli wevris pasu-xismgeblobis sakiTxi. es debule-ba udavod progresuli iqneboda, parlamentis siiTi Semadgenlobis umravlesobis garjas adekvaturi Sedegi rom mohyvebodes. moqmedi redaqciisagan gansxvavebiT, axali konstitucia ar avaldebulebs pre-mier-ministrs, parlamentis moTxo-vnis argaziarebis SemTxvevaSi, mo-tivirebuli gadawyvetilebiT mainc axsnas uaris Tqmis mizezi.

zemoT aRniSnuli debulebebis saerTo analiziT cxadi xdeba, rom miuxedavad mTavrobis formirebis procesSi monawileobisa, parlamen-tis roli mTavrobis TiToeuli we-vris daniSvnisa da angariSvaldebu-

lebis TvalsazrisiT, ukiduresad dakninebulia, rac premier-ministrs aZlevs srul kart-blanSs sakadro sakiTxebis gadawyvetasTan dakavSi-rebiT.

axali konstitucia arc parlamen-tis kanonSemoqmedebiT funqciebs aZlierebs. dRes moqmedi debuleba, romelic mTavrobas SesaZleblobas aZlevs, `veto~ daados parlamentis mier inicirebul nebismier kanon-proeqts, romelic saxelmwifo xar-jebis zrdas iwvevs _ ZalaSi rCeba. masStabebi rom naTlad warmovidgi-noT, imis gacnobierebac kmara, rom kanon-proeqtTa umravlesoba swo-red aseTi kategoriisaa _ TiTqmis yvela maTgani gavlenas axdens sa-xelmwifo biujetze.

mTavrobis Tanxmobis gareSe par-lamentis uunaroba, kanonad aqcios mis mier inicirebuli kanon-proe-qti, ewinaaRmdegeba xelisuflebis danawilebis koncefcias da parla-mentis kanonSemoqmedebiT saqmiano-baSi uxeSi Carevaa.

kidev erTi cvlileba, romelic mTavrobis mxridan parlamentis sa-qmianobaSi SeWrad SeiZleba miviC-nioT, premier-ministris uflebaa, nebismier dros nebismier kanon-proeqtTan dakavSirebiT dasvas mTavrobis ndobis sakiTxi. Tu par-laments ar surs mTavrobasTan kon-fliqti, kanonproeqti erTi mosme-niT, 14 dRis vadaSi unda miiRos. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, parlamenti SeiZleba dadges daTxovnis safrT-xis winaSe. es debuleba premier-mi-nistrs parlamentis `daSantaJebis~ SesaZleblobas aZlevs.

konstituciis warmodgenili re-daqcia ver pasuxobs konstituciu-ri reformis gamocxadebul mizans da gvTavazobs models, romelSic xelisuflebis sxvadasxva ganStoe-bebs Soris konfliqtis warmoSobis SemTxvevaSi, am konfliqtebis kons-tituciur da politikur krizisSi gadasvlis maRali albaToba arsebo-bs.

miuxedavad veneciis komisiis daJinebuli moTxovnisa,

`momavali da efeqturi TanamSromlobis~ mizniT, parlamenti

komisiis saboloo daskvnas ara mxolod dalodeboda, aramed

mxedvelobaSic mieRo, parlametma Zalian iCqara.

konstitucia


ekonomika

turizmi

svanuri gegmamTavrobis mravalmilioniani Canafiqri, maRalmTiani Temi msoflio rangis

kurortad aqcios, kiTxvebs badebs, Tumca adgilobrivi mosaxleoba imediT elis

prezident mixeil saakaSvilis mier dapirebul mestiis turistul saswauls.

moli korso

2010 wlis ianvarSi mixeil saakaS-vilma svaneTis oTxi sezonis kuror-tad gardaqmnis gegma warmoadgina. proeqti, Tavis droze, sabWoTa xe-lisuflebis mier SemuSavebul gegmas eyrdnoba, romlis mixedviT uSbisa da sxva Tovliani mwvervalebis kalTebze sabagiro gzebi da saTxilamuro tra-sebi unda aSenebuliyo.

ukve agvistoSi saakaSvilma jer Ta-vis SvilTan erTad Sav zRvaSi ibanava, daaxloebiT erTi saaTis Semdeg ki ba-vSvebis jgufTan erTad TxilamurebiT daeSva uSbis ferdobze saxeldaxelod gakeTebul trasaze. „aTwleulebis manZilze, Cven varwmunebdiT evrope-lebs, rom saqarTvelo SeiZleba ka-vkasiis Sveicaria gaxdes“, _ ganacxada

man. „yovelgvari gadaWarbebis gareSe SemiZlia vTqva, rom msoflioSi ar-sad moiZebneba adgili, sadac SeiZleba zRvisa da mTis kurortebis ase SeTa-vseba. hoda, imis nacvlad rom Cven ga-vxdeT kavkasiis Sveicaria, dae, Sveica-ria gaxdes evropis saqarTvelo.“

arsebuli gegmis mixedviT, unda aSen-des axali, 182-kilometriani saavto-mobilo gza, Tanamedrove aeroporti da saTxilamuro trasebi rogorc mes-tiaSi, ise kavkasionis ferdobebze wa-moskupul patar-patara soflebSi. pa-ralelurad, mestiis morTva-mokazmva mimdinareobs. Sendeba axali centra-luri moedani da gamoicvleba qviT nagebi koSkebis saxuravebi.

proeqtis Rirebulebis detalebi

bundovania. adgilobrivi xelisufle-bis TqmiT, gegmis ganxorcieleba „45 milion larze meti“ dajdeba, xolo mediaSi gavrcelebuli informaciiT, biujetidan svaneTis proeqtisTvis 100 milioni aSS dolaria gamoyofili. dafinanseba, nawilobriv, daifareba aziis rekonstruqciis bankis kreditis farglebSi gamoyofili pirveli tran-Sidan, romelic 300 milioni dolaria.

proeqtze pasuxismgebel saxelmwi-fo uwyebad regionuli ganviTarebisa da infrastruqturis saministro da-saxelda. proeqtis detalebis Sesaxeb dasmuli SekiTxvebi saministrom upa-suxod datova.

mSenebloba ki Tavbrudamxvevi siswrafiT mimdinareobs mestiasa da

axali mSeneblobebi svaneTSi, 2010


ekonomika

xawvalis dasaxlebaSi. pirveli saT-xilamuro trasa swored xawvalSi unda gaixsnas. mTebSi CaquCebi zria-leben da betonis filebi igeba. gzis mSeneblobis tempi mewyermac ki ver Seanela.

Tumca progress svaneTSi eqscese-bic mohyva. sakrebulos wevris neli naverianisa da misi sami naTesavis da-patimrebam adgilobriv sazogadoebaSi vnebaTaRelva gamoiwvia. mosaxleobaSi gaCnda SiSi, rom saxelmwifos maTi sakuTrebis warTmeva aqvs ganzraxuli.

policiam cnobili opozicioneri neli naveriani xuTdRiani operaciis Sedegad daapatimra. samarTaldam-cavebis TqmiT, naveriani cdilobda, ucxoeli investorisTvis araregis-trirebuli miwa mieyida da am gziT fuli gamoeZala.

istoriulad svanebi ar aregistri-reben TavianT sakuTrebas. tradiciis mixedviT, romelmac TaobaTa cvlas gauZlo, miwebi araoficialurad aqvT danawilebuli sxvadasxva ojaxs.

xelisufleba kategoriulad ua-ryofs braldebas, rom naverianis da-patimrebas politikuri sarCuli aqvs, magram mestiis mosaxleobaSi gaCnda SiSi, rom regionis ganviTareba miwe-bis dakargvas moaswavebs, xolo xeli-

suflebasTan dapirispirebas mkacri sasjeli mohyveba, _ ambobs saerTaSo-riso gamWvirvalobis proeqtebis xel-mZRvaneli nina xatiskaci, romelmac safuZvlianad Seiswavla naverianis saqme.

gansxvavebul mosazrebas gamoTqvams mestiis mTavrobis moqmedi xelmZRva-neli Smagi nagani. misi TqmiT, naveria-nis dapatimrebiT gamowveuli vnebaTa-Relva ukve Cacxra da adgilobrivebi ukve iReben kompensaciebs miwis sana-cvlod, ganurCevlad imisa, gaaCniaT maT sakuTrebis damadasturebeli sabuTi Tu ara. nagani acxadebs, rom amJamad 52 ojaxi TanamSromlobs adgi-lobriv xelisuflebasa da saxelmwi-fo reestris samsaxurTan sakuTrebis dakanonebis kuTxiT.

arasamTavrobo organizaciebis SeSfoTebis sagania isic, rom xeli-sufleba Tavis gegmas adgilobrivi mosaxleobis azrisa da regionis sen-sitiur garemoze SesaZlo zemoqmede-bis gauTvaliswineblad axorcielebs.

Tumca, adgilobrivi mosaxleoba acxadebs, rom gegma swored is aris, rac maT sWirdebaT _ gaumjobesebuli infrastruqtura, samuSao adgilebi da, rac mTavaria, meti turisti.

„Cven Zalian madlierebi varT. yve-

laferi icvleba. aRar aris yvelafe-ri dangreuli da moryeuli, rogorc adre iyo. yvelaferi keTdeba“, _ ambo-bs adgilobrivi mcxovrebi lela kvi-ciani. misi TqmiT, wels meti turisti Camovida da imedovnebs, rom gaisad stumarTa ricxvi gaizrdeba. „imedi ma-qvs, rom kidev ufro mets gaakeTeben.“

kompania `geografikis~ damaarsebeli giorgi gociriZe aseve uaryofs bral-debebs, rom xdeba mgrZnobiare garemo-sa da uZvelesi adgilobrivi kulturis ugulebelyofa. `geografiki~ im kompa-niebis ricxvs ganekuTvneba, romlebic mTavrobam saTxilamuro infrastru-qturis ganviTarebis generaluri geg-mis SemuSavebisTvis daiqirava.

„yvela dainteresebuli mxare Car-Tulia am proeqtSi“, _ acxadebs goci-riZe. „Cven SeviswavleT zvavis, mewye-ris, Rvarcofis riskebi, CavatareT geologiuri kvleva. yovelive es ga-Tvaliswinebulia... Secdomis daSveba arc ise iolia. Cven konkretuli iu-ridiulad savaldebulo etapebi unda gaviaroT.“

misi TqmiT, ganviTarebis gegma wlis bolos dasruldeba, ris Se-mdgomac igegmeba sajaro ganxilve-bis gamarTva. Tumca, mSenebloba ukve mimdinareobs.

proeqtis Rirebulebis

detalebi bundovania.

adgilobrivi

xelisuflebis TqmiT,

gegmis ganxorcieleba

„45 milion larze

meti“ dajdeba, xolo

mediaSi gavrcelebuli

informaciiT, biujetidan

svaneTis proeqtisTvis

100 milioni aSS dolaria

gamoyofili.axali mSeneblobebi svaneTSi, 2010


ekonomika

SeCerebuli investiciebi

dausrulebeli proeqtebiKempinsky, Hayatt, Intercontinental, Tbilisi Plaza _ stumrebis misaRebad mzad 2010 wlis

bolos unda yofiliyo. dRemde am obieqtebis mSeneblobac ar dawyebula.

naTia axalaSvili

yofili sastumro àWaris~ Seno-baze abra warweriT Holiday Inn erTi Tvis win gamoCnda. sabWoTa periodSi Tbilisis erT-erTi yvelaze maRali Senoba, romelic lamis qalaqis sim-bolod iqca, 90-iani wlebidan afxa-zeTidan devnilTa TavSesafrad iqca. 2006 wlidan ki, mas Semdeg, rac 21 sarTuliani Senoba saxelmwifom kom-pania Adjara Group-s kerZo sakuTre-baSi gadasca, ramdenime wliT is did lurj qsovilSi gaexva.

sastumro Holiday Inn is iSviaTi ga-monaklisia, romelic ekonomikuri krizisis da ruseT-saqarTvelos omis gamo SeCerebuli samuSaoebi ganaaxla da mSeneblobis dasruleba moaxerxa. oTxvarskvlaviani sastumros prezen-tacia gasul kviras gaimarTa.

òmis da krizisis Semdeg saerTa-Soriso investiciebis nakadi mniSvne-lovnad Semcirda da pirveli sfero, sadac es aisaxa, uZravi qonebis bazari iyo. proeqtis dasrulebas mTliano-baSi 30 milioni dolaris investicia dasWirda, rac adgilobrivi bankis da-finansebiT da sakuTari kapitalis mo-bilizebiT movaxerxeT~, _ ambobs iva daviTaia, Adjara Group-is generaluri direqtori.

2006 wels, roca Adjara Group-ma Se-nobis Sesyidva gadawyvita, saqarTve-los momavali sul sxvanairi Canda.

ès aris saqarTveloSi turizmis, mSeneblobis, arqiteqturis sferoe-bSi, aseve qalaqmowyobis mxriv axali epoqis didi dasawyisi. Tanamedrove sastumro centrebis Tavmoyris Tval-sazrisiT, moskovis garda, mTel post-

sabWoTa sivrceSi, Tbilisi yvelaze didi koncentraciis adgili xdeba~. es gancxadeba prezidentma saakaSvilma sastumro haiatis proeqtis prezen-taciaze gaakeTa. sastumro germanuli Loyal Capital Group-is filials saqar-TveloSi Loyal Estate-s unda aeSenebina.

2007 wlidan ki miwis nakveTi, sadac Park Hayatt Tbilisi unda aSenebuliyo, sa-guldagulod aris SemoRobili. res-toran àragvis~ yofil teritoriaze saZirkvlisTvis gaTxrili ori uzar-mazari ormo wyliT aris savse. cirkis ukan, ferdobze, romelic sastumros teritoriaa, kldis didi masivi Camo-Wrilia. aqa-iq asawyobi amwes nawilebia miwyobili. Hayatt-is mSenebeli kompania Loyal Estate-is informaciiT, miliono-biT lari maT mxolod miwis am samu-Saoebze daxarjes. Tumca, 2008 wlis krizisma mSenebloba gaurkveveli va-diT SeaCera. mSeneblebi am adgilas weliwadze metia, ar gamoCenilan. per-sonalma, romelic teritorias icavs, mxolod is icis, rom iq aravin unda SeuSvas. pasuxi kiTxvaze, Tu ramden xans mouwevs mitovebuli mSeneblobis dacva, ar aqvs.

Robeze caTambjenebis, baRebis, in-terierisa da eqsterieris fotoebia gamosaxuli. aseTi sastumro komple-qsi da biznes-centri am adgilas 2010 wlis bolosTvis ukve unda mdgariyo.

Hayatt-is korporatiuli urTier-Tobebis direqtori Laurie Cole `li-beralTan~ saubarSi aRiarebs, rom am etapze proeqti Seferxebulia `sxvadasxva mizezebis gamo~. mSene-blobis gaCerebis mizezebze sasau-

brod is qonebis mesakuTrisken mi-gviTiTebs.

proeqtis ZiriTadi damfinansebeli Loyal Estate-is damfuZnebeli, ruseT-Si moRvawe qarTveli biznesmeni roman fifia unda yofiliyo. mas sastumro-kompleqsis mSeneblobaSi 150 milio-ni dolari unda Caedo. 2008 wels ki, roca samSeneblo procesi Seferxda, aRmoCnda, rom Loyal Estate saerTaSo-riso finansuri institutebis daxma-rebis imedad yofila.

kompaniis aRmasrulebeli direqto-ris _ mindia gadaevis informaciiT, kompania dafinansebas jer evropis rekonstruqciisa da ganviTarebis bankisgan (EBRD), Semdeg ki saerTaSo-riso kerZo investiciebis kompania OPIC-isgan eloda. orive molaparakeba CaiSala.

dRes teritoriis didi nawili, maT Soris, is adgilic, sadac sastumros saZirkvelia gaTxrili, Loyal Estate-is sakuTreba aRar aris. sajaro rees-tris monacemebis mixedviT, terito-riis didi nawilis mesakuTre 2009 wlis seqtemberSi `Tibisi banki~ ga-xda, maleve ki _ s/s ùZravi qonebis marTvis fondi~.

aSendeba Tu ara ̀ aragvis~ yofil te-ritoriaze Park Hayatt Tbilisi, am etapze am kiTxvas veravin pasuxobs. sapriva-tizacio dokumentaciis gamoTxovnis sapasuxod miRebul werilSi vkiTxu-lobT, rom es dokumentebi ekonomikis saministroSi àr moipoveba~.

`me daveswari xuTvarskvlavia-ni sastumros Hayatt-is mSeneblobis dawyebis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebis ga-


ekonomika

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yofili soflis meurneobis saministros Senoba, sadac sastumro Intercontinental 2010 wlis dasawyosisTvis unda amoqmedebuliyo


ekonomika

formebis RonisZiebas. saqarTveloSi Semosvla maT Tqven dagaswres, Tum-ca Tqven SegiZliaT, maT mSeneblobis dasruleba daaswroT~, _ es gancxade-ba 2006 wlis noemberSi saqarTvelos prezidentma kidev erTi saerTaSori-so sastumros, Inetrcontinental-is pro-eqtis prezentaciaze gaakeTa.

saqarTvelos mTavroba varaudob-da, rom win ekonomikuri aRmavlobis periodi iyo da amaSi ucxoel da ad-gilobriv investorebsac aqtiurad arwmunebda. ekonomikis ministris ma-Sindeli moadgile naTia Turnava ix-senebs, rom axali proeqtebis bumi 2005 wlidan daiwyo: ìyo axali mo-lodinebi, aRmavlobis periodi eko-nomikaSi. SemdgomSi aRmoCnda, rom zogierTi proeqti ufro warmatebu-li iyo, zogi _ naklebad. amitomac, zogi proeqti gagrZelda, zogi ki _ vera~, _ ambobs is.

Turnavas ganmartebiT, 2008 wlis finansurma krizisma da agvistos omma ganapiroba is, rom finansebi, rac saqarTveloSi sastumroebis mSeneblobis seqtorSi Semodio-da, jer saerTod Sewyda, Semdeg ki gacilebiT ufro nakleb riskian sferoebSi gadanawilda. riskebis daangariSebisas ki ucxoeli da ad-

gilobrivi investorebisTvis xu-TdRiani omi sakmarisi aRmoCnda ima-Si dasarwmuneblad, rom maTi fulis usafrTxoeba saqarTveloSi daculi ver iqneboda.

sastumro Inetrcontinental-ic am ten-denciis msxverpli gaxda. kostavas quCaze, soflis meurneobis sami-nistros yofil Senobaze gakruli naWris baneri, romelic am adgilas maRali klasis sastumrosa da Tana-medrove teqnologiebiT aRWurvili biznes-centris mSeneblobas gvamc-nobs, ukve gaxunda. mSeneblobis das-rulebaze pasuxismgebel kompaniaSi Georgian Property acxadeben, rom pro-eqti gaCerebulia. direqtoris moad-gile daviT TavarTqilaZe jer kidev 2009 wels acxadebda, rom Seferxeba proeqtis gafarToebiT iyo gamo-wveuli. Tumca, axla isic aRiarebs, rom mSeneblobis SeCereba msoflio ekonomikur krizissa da oms ukav-Sirdeba. erTaderTi, rac am proce-sis Sesaxebaa cnobili, is aris, rom Georgian Property-s axla ekonomikis saministrosTan aqvs molaparakebebi, rom proeqtis dasrulebis vada kidev gadawios.

Georgian Property-m kostavas 49-Si mdebare Senoba 6 milion aSS dolarad

iyida. saerTo jamSi, es kompania sas-tumro Inetrcontinental-is mSenebloba-Si 70 milioniani investiciis Cadebas gegmavda.

`ramdenime Tvis winaT, germaniaSi yofnisas, Zalze lamaz sastumroSi gvedo bina da vfiqrobdiT, rom kargi iqneboda, Tu msgavsi sastumro saqar-TveloSic aSendeboda. es iyo ocne-ba, romlis ganxorcielebasac Zalze cota dro dasWirda _ gavida ramde-nime kvira da gadawyda, rom zustad aseTive an ukeTesi sastumro Tbilis-Sic aSendeboda,~ _ Tqva prezidentma saakaSvilma 2006 wlis 11 dekembers. am dRes gamocxadda, rom yofili ìme-lis~ Senoba gaiyida da iq 2010 wlis-Tvis sastumro Kempinsky ganTavsde-boda.

ès didi aRmSeneblobis da didi imedebis dasawyisia~, _ ambobda maSin mixeil saakaSvili. saqarTvelos mTa-vrobasa da Сapital Vostok-s Soris ga-formebuli memorandumis Tanaxmad, investors ̀ imelis~ yofil SenobaSi 15 milioni aSS dolari unda gadaexada. Senoba kompanias, prezidentis brZa-nebis safuZvelze, pirdapiri miyidvis wesiT gadaeca.

Tumca, molodinebis sapirispi-rod, Сapital Vostok-ma sastumros aSe-

finansebi, rac saqarTveloSi sastumroebis mSeneblobis seqtorSi Semodioda, jer saerTod

Sewyda, Semdeg ki gacilebiT ufro nakleb riskian sferoebSi gadanawilda.

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yofili univermaRi `Tbilisi~, sadac mravalfunqciuri centri Tbilisi Plaza 2010 wels unda gaxsniliyo

mtkvris marjvena sanapiro, sadac Park Hayatt Tbilisi 2010 wlis bolosTvis unda dasrulebuliyo


ekonomika

nebis nacvlad, 2008 wlis martSi Se-noba gayida. ìmeli~ axla Dhabi Group Vostok-is sakuTrebaa. axal mepatro-nes sastumros Cabarebis vada 2010-is nacvlad 2012 wlamde gadauvades. Tumca, axal investors saqarTvelos mTavrobis mimarT Tavisi pretenzie-bi aqvs _ Dhabi Group Vostok-is xel-mZRvanelobis mtkicebiT, nageboba avariulia da sastumrosTvis gamou-sadegari. meria kompanias Senobis dangrevis uflebas ar aZlevs. dava dRemde grZeldeba. ìmelis~ Senoba ki naxevradCamongreuli, usaxuravo da nagviT savsea.

Dhabi Group Vostok-is kuTvnilebaa ìmelis~ Senobis mosazRvre terito-riac, sadac cnobili `TabukaSvilis quCis saxli~ idga. meriis mier dan-greuli korpusis nacvlad aq axla wyliT savse uzarmazari ormoa.

am obieqtis saprivatizacio doku-mentacias da xelSekrulebiT gaTva-liswinebuli valdebulebebis Sesaxeb informacias ekonomikisa da mdgradi ganviTarebis saministro ar gascems. kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli sajaro informaciis gamoTxovisas pasuxad viRebT, rom am obieqtis `nasyidobis xelSekruleba mkacrad konfidencia-luria~.

ìmelis~ msgavsad, 2006 wels, prezi-dentis brZanebis safuZvelze, pirda-piri miyidvis wesiT gaica likanis yo-fili me-4 sammarTvelos teritoriac. yazaxurma `yazmunaigaz-servisma~ 40 heqtarze gaSlili sanatoriumi 10 mi-lion aSS dolarad iyida.

xelSekrulebis mixedviT, gamyid-velma, anu ekonomikis saagentom, myid-vels samkurnalo-profilaqtikuri da gamajansaRebeli kompleqsis aRdgena-reabilitacia daakisra. Tumca, wi-naswar ar gansazRvrula, rodis unda daesrulebina kompanias sanatoriumis reabilitacia. xelSekrulebaSi ar iyo miTiTebuli arc sanatoriumis amoqme-debis konkretuli vada.

Sesabamisad, radgan qarTul mxares vadebze modavebis safuZveli ar aqvs, arc yazaxuri kompania Cqarobs. bor-jomis gamgeblis, arCil miqelaZis Tq-miT, samuSaoebi likanis kompleqsis teritoriaze jerac ar dawyebula. sanatoriumis daxurvis gamo ki bolo ramdenime welia, mimdebare saxlebSic ki aRaravin Cadis dasasveneblad.

ekonomikis ganviTarebis yofili ministris zurab pololikaSvilis TqmiT, mTavroba yovelTvis cdilob-da, investorebis mimarT gansakuTre-buli loialoba gamoeCina. finansuri

krizisisa da omis gamo garTulebul mdgomareobaSi ki damokidebuleba investorebis mimarT kidev ufro Ser-bilda.

`maqsimalurad vcdilobdiT, yve-la piroba Segveqmna investorisTvis, rom proeqtebi gagrZelebuliyo da winsvla yofiliyo. vcdilobdiT, ma-qsimalurad moqnilebi vyofiliyaviT maTTan molaparakebebis dros. yvelas hqonda survili da interesi, rom es proeqtebi dasrulebuliyo. Tumca, am kompaniebis nawils es gauWirda~, _ am-bobs yofili ministri.

gauWirda kompania Willbrook Manage-ment International-sac, romelmac 2008 wlis gazafxulze univermaR `Tbi-lisis~ Senoba Seisyida da iq maRali klasis savaWro centris aSenebis pi-roba dado. xelSekrulebis detalebi 2009 wels gadaixeda da kompaniam axa-li nagebobis aSenebis piroba Zvelis rekonstruqciiT Secvala. Tumca, es procesic dakonservebulia.

prezidentis gamosvlebis Tema karga xania, TbilisSi mimdinare mSeneblobe-bi aRar aris. is, rom saqarTvelo evropis turistuli centri da saer-TaSoriso brendebis samSoblo gaxde-ba, axla mxolod baTumsa da svaneTSi Tu sjeraT.

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yofili ìmelis~ Senoba, sadac 5 varskvlaviani sastumro Kempinsky 2010 wels unda gaxsniliyo



goris TviTmmarTveloba

gayalbebuli werilis istoriavisi iniciativiT moxda stalinis Zeglis gadatana?

saba wiwikaSvili, studia `monitori~

2010 wlis 25 ivniss, Ramis 1-el saaTze azerbaijanulma kompania àkordma~ gorSi stalinis Zeglis demontaJi daiwyo da sam saaTSi daasrula. amis Sesaxeb, gorelebma dilis sainformacio gamoSvebebi-dan Seityves.

goris sakrebulos Tavmjdoma-rem, zviad xmalaZem mosaxleobas televiziiT acnoba, rom stalinis Zeglis qalaqis centridan gadata-nis gadawyvetileba sakrebulom 16 ivniss gamarTul sxdomaze miiRo. misive TqmiT, am gadawyvetile-bis safuZveli goris mosaxleobis koleqtiuri werili gaxda, sadac 1671 xelmomweri Zeglis aRebas moiTxovda.

koleqtiuri werili _ #21Zeglis aRebis moTxovnis werils

`kol-21~ nomeri mieniWa. aRniSnu-li koleqtiuri gancxadebis xel-momwerTagan 1 100 adamiani didi da patara liaxvis xeobidan 2008 wlis agvistos movlenebis Semdeg devni-lia. devnili xelmomwerebi, Ziri-Tadad, karaleTis, verxvebisa da berbukis dasaxlebaSi cxovroben. daaxloebiT 200 xelmomweri goris raionis soflebSi cxovrobs, isi-ni, ZiriTadad, nacionaluri mo-Zraobis koordinatorebi da maTi ojaxis wevrebi arian, siaSi arian skolis pedagogebic. danarCeni 450 xelmomweri Sida qarTlis samxareo administraciis, gamgeobis, sakre-bulos, sabavSvo baRebis da kul-turis sxvadasxva dawesebulebebis TanamSromlebi arian. ramdenime

xelmowera meordeba _ magaliTad or-orjer mouweriaT xeli goris me-5 sabavSvo baRis gamges _ qeTe-van gelaSvils da CubiniSvilis sa-xelobis goris kulturis saxlis ufross _ mamuka mamukaSvils.

devnili zalina pavliaSvili, romlis gvar-saxeli am werilSi figurirebs, ambobs, rom masTan xelis mosawerad Zeglis aRebidan erTi kviris Semdeg mividnen. `mo-vidnen da miTxres, xelis moweraa saWiro _ mogewonaT Tu ara Zeglis gadatana muzeumis teritoriazeo,~ _ ixsenebs pavliaSvili. kidev erTi devnili xelmomweri, mTvarisa bes-taeva ambobs, rom masTanac Zeglis aRebidan 3-4 dRis Semdeg mividnen. karaleTis devnilTa kompaqturi Casaxlebis kotejebSi gamokiTxu-lebi erTxmad adastureben, rom werilze xeli maTac Zeglis aRebis Semdeg moawerines. `gvkiTxes, Tu mogewonaT Zeglis muzeumis teri-toriaze gadatana, maSin xeli mo-gviwereTo, ra azri hqonda, uari rom gveTqva?~

Cven stalinis Zeglis aRebis momxreTa koleqtiuri werili sakrebulodan orjer gamoviTxo-veT _ pirvelad 2010 wlis 8 ivliss, meored ki seqtembris dasawyis-Si. 8 ivliss miRebuli dokumenti mxolod sakrebulos kancelariis beWdiTaa damowmebuli, xolo se-qtemberSi gamogzavnil werilis asls ukve sakrebulos Tavmjdo-maris, zviad xmalaZis rezolucia adevs. gamodis, rom rom stalinis Zeglis gadatanis moTxovna xma-

laZem 2010 wlis 8 ivlisis Semdeg daakmayofila, anu Zeglis gadata-nidan (25 ivnisi), sul mcire, ori kviris Semdeg.

goris sakrebulos ramdenime deputati eWvobs, rom 16 ivnisis sxdoma saerTod arc gamarTula da Sesabamisad, sakrebulos Zeglis aRebis gadawyvetileba am dRes ar



miuRia. deputatebi Temur afxa-zaSvili, kaxa qareli da kaxa erge-mliZe amboben, rom 16 ivniss mTeli dRe sakrebulos SenobaSi imyofe-bodnen da sxdomis Catarebis Sesa-xeb araferi smeniaT.

gankarguleba _ `qalaq gorSi sta-linis gamzirze #1 Senoba-nagebo-baze ganTavsebuli qandakebis (i.b.

stalinis) gadaadgilebis Sesaxeb~ 16 ivnisiTaa daTariRebuli. bune-brivia, gankargulebis gamocemisas, goris sakrebulos im droisTvis moqmedi `goris municipalitetis sakrebulos reglamentis~ mixedviT unda emoqmeda. Tumca, ratomRac sakrebulom 2010 wlis 16 ivniss, moaxerxa da aRniSnuli sakiTxis ga-

daWrisas 2010 wlis 28 ivliss, anu Tvenaxevris Semdeg damtkicebuli reglamentiT ixelmZRvanela.

axali reglamentis mixedviT, sakrebuloSi samarTlebrivi aqtis inicirebis ufleba aqvs:

a) sakrebulos Tavmjdomares.b) sakrebulos wevrs.g) amomrCevelTa saerTo raode-

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sazogadoeba

nobis 1%-s peticiis wesiT (mxo-lod normatiul aqtze).

stalinis Zeglis gadatanis msur-velTa 1671 xelmowera swored pe-ticiis wesiT Sevida sakrebuloSi. Tumca, goris TviTmmarTvelobis organom am reglamentis wesebic daarRvia. reglamentis mixedviT, Tu sakiTxi peticiis wesiT Seva,

sakrebulos misi damtkicebisas `dadgenilebis~ miReba evaleba da ara `gankargulebis~. dadgenilebis miRebis SemTxvevaSi, es normatiuli aqti iusticiis sabWos normatiu-li aqtebis reestrSi fiqsirdeba. `gankargulebas~ ki aseTi formalo-bebi ar sWirdeba. swored amitomac, sakrebulom iol formas mimarTa da gadawyvetilebas gankargulebis saxe misca.

werili oficialuri nomriT

`kol-21~ sakrebuloSi 2010 wlis 21 maiss Sevida. Tumca, es ar iyo stalinis Zeglis gadatanis momxre-Ta gancxadeba. am nomriT 21 maiss sakrebulom is koleqtiuri werili moniSna, romelSic daviT aRmaSe-neblis gamzirze #19-25 saxlebis mobinadreebi saniaRvre arxis mo-wesrigebas iTxovdnen.

sakrebulos wevrTa nawili eWvo-bs, rom peticia stalinis Zeglis aRebis moTxovniT misi demontaJis, anu 25 ivnisis Semdeg daiwera. axal werils saregistracio nomrad aR-maSeneblis gamziris mcxovrebTa gancxadebis saregistracio nomeri TariRis gasayalbeblad `mianiWes~.

koleqtiuri werili `kol-365~1671 moqalaqis xelmowerili ko-

leqtiuri werilis asli goris mu-

nicipalitetis gamgeobaSic Sevida. es werilic 2010 wlis 21 maisiTaa daTariRebuli. saregistracio nomrad mas aq _ `kol-365~ mieniWa (gamgeobis aparati sxva numera-ciiT muSaobs).

imis garkveva, Tu rodis Sevida es werili goris municipalitetSi, SeuZlebeli aRmoCnda. saregistra-cio Jurnali sadac Sesuli werile-bi TanmimdevrobiT TariRdeba, go-ris municipalitetSi ar arsebobs. `saregistracio JurnalSi mxolod werilebi (da ara _ koleqtiuri gancxadebebi) Segvaqvs. koleqtiuri gancxadeba werili ar aris. es aris _ gancxadeba. rodesac mogaqvT we-rili da aweria `gancxadeba~, Cven mas mxolod sakontrolo baraTze vafiqsirebT da JurnalSi ar Segva-qvs~, _ gviTxres kancelariis Tana-mSromlebma.

arc sakontrolo baraTebis Tanmimdevrobaa daculi, ase rom, goris gamgeobaSi Zveli TariRiT werilis `Separeba~ arc erTi Tana-mSromlisTvis problemas ar war-moadgens.

peticiis xelovnuri inicireba, Zveli TariRiT Sedgenili weri-li, xelmowerebis post-faqtum Segroveba da sakrebulos sxdoma, romlis Catarebis Sesaxeb misma we-vrebmac ki ar icodnen, aCens eWvs, rom stalinis Zeglis gadatanis ga-dawyvetileba mTavrobam erTpiro-vnulad miiRo da aRasrula kidec. formaluri procedurebi ki saqmes mogvianebiT `daawies~.

sakontrolo baraTze, sadac gam-geobaSi `kol-365~ werilis Sesvlis faqtia dafiqsirebuli, 2010 wlis 7 ivliss minaweria gakeTebuli _ ùkve Sesrulebulia~.

werili dafinasebulia saqarTveloSi evrokavSiris warmomadgenlobis, `fond _ Ria sazogadoeba saqarTvelosa~ da èvraziis TanamSromlobis fondis~ mier.

fo

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ika

qoCi

aSvi

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gorSi, stalinis Zeglis magivrad, omSi daRupuli meomrebis memorials dadgamen, 2010


sazogadoeba

axalgazrdobis politika

Zveli axali saministrosami Tvis win Seqmnili axalgazrdul saqmeTa saministros savizito baraTad

`patriotTa banakebi~ rCeba. axalgazrdobaze `zrunva~ isev mxolod populisturi,

erTjeradi proeqtebiT gagrZeldeba.

maia wiklauri

sami Tvis win Seqmnili axalgazr-dul saqmeTa saministros savizito baraTad `patriotTa banakebi~ rCeba. axalgazrdobaze `zrunva~ isev mxo-lod populisturi erTjeradi pro-eqtebiT gagrZeldeba.

30 maisis TviTmmarTvelobis arCev-nebamde ramdenime dRiT adre 7 samxa-reo administraciis xelmZRvaneli da aTasze meti sajaro moxele Sve-bulebaSi gavida. vidre isvenebdnen, isini Riad da kanonis daurRvevlad CaerTvnen `nacionaluri moZraobis~

winasaarCevno kampaniaSi. Sida qar-Tlis gubernatorma lado varZelaS-vilma gezi Savi zRvisken aiRo. man piradad Caibara anakliis patriotTa banakis gaxsnis meTvalyureoba.

27 maiss, anakliaSi prezidentis Casvlamde ramdenime saaTiT adre, muSebma banakis ezodan samSeneblo nagavi gaitanes, 300-mde `patriot-ma~ gawminda axlad SeRebili Senobis fanjrebi da daalaga oTaxebi, momza-dda frenburTis moedani, romelzec mogvianebiT mixeil saakaSvilma iTa-

maSa da _ kerZebic, romlebic `pa-triotebma~, stumrebma da banakis xelmZRvanelebma erTad daagemovnes. es yvelaferi lado varZelaSvilis meTvalyureobisa da uSualo xel-mZRvanelobis wyalobiT moxda.

Sida qarTlis gubernatorma same-grelo-zemo svaneTis guberniaSi ba-nakis gaxsnis saqmes Tavi warmatebiT gaarTva. is sakuTari samxareo ad-ministraciidan imitomac gamoixmes, rom partiisTvis imedi arasdros gaucruebia. axalgazrduli saqmeebi

fo

to

irak

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geden

iZe

mixeil saakaSvili da lado varZelaSvili anakliis patriotTa banakis gaxsnaze, 27 maisi 2010


sazogadoeba

ki, romlis sayrdeni proeqtic xe-lisuflebisTvis mudam `patriotTa banakebi~ iyo, Tavidanve lado varZe-laSvilis niSad iqca. Sida qarTlSi orwliani muSaobis dros 31 wlis gu-bernatorze xSirad ambobdnen, rom is partiis politikur proeqtebSi ufro aqtiuri iyo, vidre sakuTari guberniis mosaxleobis problemebis mogvarebisas.

gubernatorobis rangSi lado varZelaSvilis bolo misia goris mTavari moednidan stalinis Zeglis konspiraciuli aReba iyo. sami dRis Semdeg is axlad Seqmnili samTavro-bo uwyebis xelmZRvaneli gaxda.

Seqmnidan sami Tvis Tavze spor-tisa da axalgazrdul saqmeTa sa-

ministros SenobaSi „kosmetikuri~ remontis Semdeg darCenili saReba-vis suni jerac ar gasula. TanamS-romlebi oTaxebSi avejs anawileben. didi baneri, romelzec bavSvebis Wi-daobis kadria gamosaxuli, jer isev derefanSi, `patriotebis~ fotozea ayudebuli. kidev erTi niSani, rac uwyebis axal statusze miuTiTebs, Senobaze Secvlili abra da TanamS-romelTa gazrdili raodenobaa.

uwyebis xelmZRvanelebi amboben, rom did cvlilebebs gegmaven. isi-ni sakuTar plusad miiCneven imasac, rom saministroSi TanamSromelTa saSualo asaki 23-dan 28 wlamdea, mTlianad axalgazrdebiT dakom-pleqtebul gunds ki ukeT SeuZlia, gansazRvros dRevandeli axalgazr-dobis winaSe mdgari problemebi. Tu-mca, am gundma jer kidev ver Seqmna dapirebuli kanoni axalgazrdobis Sesaxeb, romelic axalgazrdul saq-meTa saministros sayrden dokumen-tad unda iqces. kanonis gareSe ki gamodis, rom saministro sakuTari

samizne jgufis asakobriv katego-riasac ver sazRvravs. pasuxi kiTxva-ze _ romel wlamde unda CaiTvalos adamiani axalgazrdad, romlis pro-blemebis mogvarebasac axlad Seqm-nili uwyeba sakuTar Tavze iRebs _ saministros arcerT xelmZRvanels ar aqvs.

ministris pirveli moadgile, giorgi avaliani empiriul dakvir-vebaze dayrdnobiT varaudobs, rom axalgazrdobis mTavari problemebi dRes ganaTlebis xelmisawvdomoba, janmrTelobis dazRveva, dasaqmeba da daojaxebaa. Tumca, saministros mier oficialurad deklarirebuli gegmebi kvlevis gareSe gamoaSkarave-buli am problemebis gadaWris gzebs

ar Seicavs. alternatiuli ganaTle-bis xelSewyoba ki avalians isev mar-tivad _ `patriotTa~ ganaxlebuli programiTa da ramdenime sxva axali proeqtiT warmoudgenia.

axalgazrdul saqmeTa departa-mentma eqvsi wlis ganmavlobaSi biu-jetidan 35 milioni lari miiRo da aqedan 30 milioni swored programa `patriotis~ dasafinanseblad ga-moiyena. am periodSi departaments dRevandeli ministri varZelaSvili xelmZRvanelobda. misi uSualo Ta-naavtorobiT daigegma `patriote-bis~ farTod reklamirebuli proe-qtic da is piradad varZelaSvilisa da axalgazrdul saqmeTa departa-mentis savizito baraTad iqca. dRe-mde mmarTveli partia `patriotebs~ sakuTar warmatebad da miRwevad miiCnevs.

Tumca, 2009 wels Catarebul àxalgazrdobis erovnul kvleva-Si~ igive proeqti Sefasebulia, ro-gorc „zedapiruli, araefeqturi da erTjeradi~. kvlevaSi axalga-

zrduli departamentis iniciative-bi ase xasiaTdeba: Tanxebi mxolod erTi mimarTulebiT ixarjeboda. am erTjerad proeqtebSi ar xdeboda „axalgazrdebis potencialis bo-lomde gamoyeneba~, maT xSirad gas-devda patriotizmis paTosi da na-cionalizmis gaRvivebis mcdeloba~.

`Tu saxelmwifo axalgazrdebze mxolod erTjeradi proeqtebiT zrunavs, es mniSvnelovani indika-toria, romelic migvaniSnebs, rom saxelmwifos grZelvadiani da gaa-zrebuli politika axalgazrduli saqmeebis samarTavad ar aqvs. mTava-ria, axalgazrdoba aRiqva ara pro-blemad, aramed sazogadoebis gan-viTarebisTvis saWiro resursad~, _

naTqvamia evrosabWos axalgazrdul saqmeTa departamentis rekomenda-ciaSi. saqarTveloSi àxalgazrdoba-ze~ ukve wlebia, milionebi ixarjeba, Tumca, faqtobrivad erTaderTi mi-zniT _ axali Taoba, CvenTan pirvel rigSi aRiqmeba Zalad, romlis sim-paTiisa da erTgulebis mopovebac politikuri warmatebis misaRwevadaa saWiro.

gamodis, rom axalgazrdul saq-meTa departamentSi ganxorciele-buli ZviradRirebuli proeqtebis mizanic sinamdvileSi axalgazrdebis ganviTareba ki ara, maTi politiku-ri loialobis mopoveba iyo. amitom zRvari `nacionalur moZraobasa~ da axalgazrduli saqmeebis mTavar uwyebas Soris yovelTvis Zalian myi-fe iyo.

„sportuli Sejibria, Tu sxva Ro-nisZieba, am uwyebas zogjer „nacio-naluri moZraoba` exmareba an adamia-nuri resursiT, anda _ inventariT. xdeba piriqiTac _ departamenti ex-mareba partias. cuds xom arafers

àxalgazrdobaze~ ukve wlebia, milionebi ixarjeba, Tumca, faqtobrivad erTaderTi mizniT

_ axali Taoba CvenTan, pirvel rigSi, aRiqmeba Zalad, romlis simpaTiisa da erTgulebis

mopovebac politikuri warmatebis misaRwevadaa saWiro.


sazogadoeba

akeTeben?! axalgazrdebs exmarebian. Cven gvWirdeba erTguli adamianebi da madloba RmerTs, gvyavs aseTebi`, _ ambobs parlamentis sportisa da axalgazrdul saqmeTa komitetis Ta-vmjdomare giorgi asaniZe.

rodesac `nacionalur moZraobas~ sWirdeboda, departamentis Tana-mSromlebi partiuli agitatorebis rols iTavsebdnen da saarCevno ko-misiebSic `nacionalebs~ warmoad-gendnen. rusTavSi ki, axalgazrduli departamentisa da „nacionaluri mo-Zraobis` adgilobrivi ofisebi dRe-mde iyofen Senobasac da TanamSrom-lebsac.

kavSiri partiasa da departaments Soris yovelTvis imdenad pirdapiri iyo, rom axalgazrduli departamen-tis mier mowyobil koncertebsa da sportul Sejibrebebze misul mayu-rebels eWvi ar epareboda, RonisZie-ba `nacionaluri moZraobis~ mxarda-saWerad imarTeboda.

„quTaisSi rom winasaarCevnod Ca-tarda koncertebi, isinic Cveni axalgazrduli departamentis or-ganizebuli iyo. gasarTobad misuli quTaiselebi ambobdnen: neta, yovel Tves iyos arCevnebi, rogorc iqna, xalxi quCaSi gamovidao!~ _ ambobs 16 wlis giorgi quTaisidan.

saministrod gardaqmnis Semdeg axalgazrduli uwyebis mizani, sava-raudod, ar Seicvleba. metic, am or-ganos statusis amaRleba da wamyvan postze lado varZelaSvilis daniSn-va niSnavs imas, rom saxelmwifosTvis axalgazrduli Zalis mobilizeba am etapze kidev ufro prioritetu-li xdeba. am miznis ganxorciele-basa da sxva samomavlo proeqtebze saministro ramdenime daaxloebul arasamTavrobo organizaciasTan er-Tad muSaobs. giorgi avaliani maT ar asaxelebs da ambobs: àr gvinda, bevri davpatiJoT. Semdeg yvelas azri rom ver gaviTvaliswinoT, am-bavi atydeba, ratom gaiziareT maTi ideebi da ara Cvenio~.

„quTaisis axalgazrdul organi-

zaciaTa saxli~ erT-erTia saminis-trosTan daaxloebul organizacia-Ta viwro wreSi. „saxeli gamkacrda da gamkacrdeba Sexedulebac. maga-liTad, tardeba rame treningi da Znelia axalgazrdobis miyvana. ada-mians rom etyvi, rom me axalgazrdu-li departamentidan var, garkveul yuradRebas mogaqcevs, magram ar daainteresebs. Tu auxsni, rom sami-nistrodan xar _ es ukve sxvagvarad JRers. saministros gavlena ufro didia~, _ ambobs organizaciis yo-fili xelmZRvaneli, zaal kuxianiZe da misi xedva erTi erTze emTxveva saministros politikas. àxla ufro advilad dasamorCilebeli iqne-ba axalgazrdoba. gatarebuli Ro-nisZiebebi ufro mkveTrad aRibeW-

1. araformaluri ganaTleba _ mTa-

vrobam xeli unda Seuwyos arafor-

maluri ganaTlebis danergvas da

axalgazrdebis aqtiur moqalaqeebad

Camoyalibebas.

2. treningebi axalgazrdebisTvis _

mTavrobam axalgazrdul seqtor-

Si sxvadasxva sferos trenerebis

momzadebas unda Seuwyos xeli.

3. axalgazrduli kanonmdebloba _

kanonmdeblobam unda gansazRvros

axalgazrduli politikis priori-

tetebi da uzrunvelyos axalgazr-

debis CarTuloba gadawyvetilebis

miRebis procesSi.

4. axalgazrduli biujeti _ mTavrobam

unda gamoyos specialuri biujeti

axalgazrduli iniciativebisa da

organizaciebis ganviTarebis xelSe-

sawyobad.

5. axalgazrduli sainformacio po-

litika _ mTavrobis qmedebebi unda

iyos gamWvirvale da axalgazrdebs

unda hqondeT informacia, Tu ras

sTavazobs saxelmwifo maT.

6. mravaldoniani politika _ erovnu-

li axalgazrduli politika ver gan-

xorcieldeba, Tu is fokusirebuli

ar iqneba qveynis yvela regionze.

7. kvleva _ axalgazrduli politika

ar unda eyrdnobodes varaudebsa da

Teoriebs, aramed - faqtebs da axal-

gazrduli sakiTxebis kvlevas.

8. monawileoba _ mTavrobam gadawyve-

tilebis miRebis procesSi, saxel-

mwifos yvela doneze, aqtiurad unda

CarTos axalgazrdoba.

9. samTavrobo TanamSromloba _ axal-

gazrdul politikaze pasuxism-

gebloba ramdenime saministrom

(axalgazrdobis, sportis, janda-

cvis, kulturis da sxva) unda ai-

Ros.

10. inovacia _ axalgazrduli poli-

tika siaxleebze da axalgazrdul

iniciativebze unda iyos orienti-

rebuli.

11. mrCevelTa axalgazrduli sabWo

_ aseTma organom unda SeimuSaos

rekomendaciebi axalgazrduli

politikis dasagegmavad. mis Se-

madgenlobaSi unda iyvnen, rogorc

axalgazrdebi, aseve _ samTavrobo

pirebi.

evropis axalgazrduli forumis 11 indikatori, riTac saxelmwifoebis axalgazrduli politikis efeqturoba izomeba:

deba mis azrovnebaSi, Tu vetyviT, rom am RonisZiebebis iniciatori saministroa da ara departamenti~, _ dasZens kuxianiZe.

gamodis, rom saministrod `dawi-naurebuli~ axalgazrduli departa-menti ucvleli gundiTa da xelmZR-vaneliT, ucvleli biujetiTa da koncefciiT iwyebs axal saqmes. axal-gazrduli saqmeebis marTvaSi mdida-ri gamocdilebis miuxedavad, maT-Tvis dRemde bundovani rCeba, ra unda Caiweros kanonSi axalgazrdo-bis Sesaxeb. arada, swored kanonma unda uzrunvelyos, rom uwyebas, ro-melsac maTi ganviTarebis gzebis da-saxva evaleba, gacilebiT meti moe-Txovos, vidre modernizebuli `patriotuli banakebia~.


sazogadoeba

ganaTlebis sferoSi mudmivad siax-

leebia. xandaxan TveSi ramdenjermec ki,

axali iniciativa cxaddeba. samwuxarod,

es siaxleebi xSirad ise mtkicdeba, rom

alternatiuli gzebis Sesaxeb sajaro

diskusia mxolod post-faqtum iwyeba.

am viTarebaSi, sazogadoebisTvis rTu-

lia cvlilebebis arsis gageba. arada,

ganaTlebis sistemis gajansaRebisTvisaa

mniSvnelovani is, rom TiToeuli gada-

wyvetilebis Sefaseba sazogadoebis far-

To speqtrma racionalurad da kompleq-

surad SeZlos.

Sevecdebi, Camovayalibo is midgomebi,

romlebic SesaZloa, daexmaros araspe-

cialistebs ganaTlebis politikaSi Semo-

Tavazebuli cvlilebebis Sesafaseblad.

rodesac axali iniciativis mizans vafa-

sebT, sasurvelia, vikiTxoT, rogor ukav-

Sirdeba am cvlilebis miznebi ganaTlebis

sferosa da zogadad sazogadoebis mizne-

bs? magaliTad: rogor ukavSirdeba pir-

velklaselebSi kompiuteris darigebis

miznebi saganmanaTleblo, sazogadoebis

ganviTarebis, qveynis inovaciuri poten-

cialis ganviTarebis miznebs?

kiTxvebi, romlebic cvlilebis saWi-

roebis Seswavlisas unda davsvaT, aseTia:

ramdenad gvaqvs informacia im problemis

mniSvnelobis Sesaxeb, romlis gadaWrasac

saxelmwifo gvTavazobs. magaliTad: sko-

lis mandaturebis programa. gvaqvs Tu

ara informacia, rom skolebSi Zaladobis

seriozuli problemaa? viciT Tu ara, ra

gamovlineba aqvs am Zaladobas? aris Tu

ara mandaturebis ararseboba problemis

saTave? Cveni informacia am problemis

Sesaxeb mxolod Cvens pirad gamocdile-

bas eyrdnoba, Tu obieqturi da miuker-

Zoebeli kvlevis Sedegebs?

aseve, unda vikiTxoT _ ra alternatiu-

li gzebi ganixileba konkretuli arCevnis

kiTxvebi ganaTlebis saministros

siko janaSia

gakeTebamde? ra kriteriumebiT SeirCa es

konkretuli alternativa da riT sjobs

sxvebs? ramdenad arsebobs msgavsi gziT

msgavsi problemis efeqturad mogvare-

bis precedenti? magaliTad: saxelmwifom

daisaxa miznad, rom maswavleblebis kom-

petenciebi gaaumjobesos da Tu maswav-

lebeli daadasturebs, rom kompiuteris

gamoyeneba SeuZlia da inglisuric icis,

is saxelfaso danamatiT dajildovdeba.

unda davsvaT kiTxva, ramdenad arsebobs

imis magaliTi, rom kompetenciebis gau-

mjobeseba finansuri motivaciis Sedegad

xdeba?

aucilebelia, isic vicodeT, ramde-

nad gazomvadia konkretuli iniciativis

Sedegi. magaliTad: saxelmwifos warmo-

madgenlebis TqmiT, skolebSi gamosaSvebi

gamocdebis dawesebis Sedegad moswavlee-

bis daswreba skolebSi gaizrdeba, xolo

repetitorebis servisiT mosargebleTa

ricxvi Semcirdeba. am Sedegis Sefasebisas

sasurvelia, gvqondes pasuxi kiTxvebze _

mainc ramdenad gaizrdeba skolaSi moswa-

vleebis daswreba da ramdenad Semcirdeba

repetitorobis praqtika? anda: gamosaS-

vebi gamocdebi ra arapirdapir Sedegebs

moitans? rogor imoqmedebs is maswavle-

blebis mier konkretuli sagnis swavle-

baze, mis miznebsa da midgomebze? rogor

imoqmedebs saxelmZRvaneloebis Seqmnis,

gavrcelebis an SeZenis praqtikaze?

imis gasagebad, Tu ramdenad realis-

turia cvlileba, winapirobebic unda ga-

moviZioT. unda davsvaT kiTxva: arsebobs

sakmarisi resursi imisTvis, rom SemoTa-

vazebuli cvlileba ganxorcieldes? ma-

galiTad, arsebobs saqarTveloSi sakma-

risi infrastruqtura, rom gakveTilebis

Semdeg moswavleebi yvela skolaSi cekviT

da sportiT dakavdnen?

unda Sefasdes SesaZlo riskebic. ra

SeiZleba mohyves imas, Tu vTqvaT, gamo-

saSvebi gamocdebis gamo mravali moswa-

vle meTormete klasamde miatovebs swa-

vlas?

realisturoba izomeba adamianebis mo-

tivaciiTac: aqvT Tu ara maswavleblebs

sakmarisi motivacia, rom wignebTan er-

Tad kompiuterebiTac aswavlon?

da is izomeba moswavleebis SesaZle-

blobebiTac: aqvs Tu ara saqarTvelos

2150 skolis yvela meTormeteklasels

imis SesaZlebloba, rom skolis gamosaS-

vebi gamocdebis Casabareblad raionul

centrSi cxrajer Cavides, Tu sagamocdo

centrebis ganawileba am principiT mox-

deba?

ekonomikuri aspeqtebis Sefasebisas

unda gaviTvaliswinoT, rom TavisTa-

vad arcerTi qmedeba arc Zviria da arc

iafi. sasurvelia, vicodeT, ra dajdebo-

da alternatiuli gadawyvetileba. anda

SevadaroT is sxva prioritetebis wils

ganaTlebis biujetSi. magaliTad: ramde-

nad misaRebia, rom inglisuris enis gakve-

TilebisTvis pedagogebis ucxoeTidan

Camosayvanad saxelmwifo weliwadSi 10

milions xarjavs, maSin rodesac saqarTve-

los araqarTulenovani mosaxleobisTvis

qarTulis saswavleblad Seqmnili bilin-

gvuri ganaTlebis programisTvis mxolod

80 aTasi laria gamoyofili, xolo araqar-

Tulenovan skolebSi kvalificiuri maswa-

vleblebis misavlenad _ 800 aTasi?

am statiaSi dasmuli kiTxvebi mxo-

lod nawilia im sakiTxebis, razec gada-

wyvetilebebis mimRebebs unda efiqraT.

vidre saxelmwifos sajaro gansjis

survili gauCndeba, mniSvnelovania, rom

Cven, saqarTvelos moqalaqeebma Se-

vZloT, gadawyvetilebebis racionalu-

rad, naklebad emociurad da konstruq-

ciulad Sefaseba.

rogor SevafasoT ganaTlebis sferoSi miRebuli

gadawyvetilebebi?


mediakritika

dobis, konfliqtebisa da tragediis informirebul, inovaciur da eTikur gaSuqebas eZRvneba.

iqneba es quCis kriminali, ojaxu-ri Zaladoba, bunebrivi katastrofa, omi Tu adamianis uflebebis darRveva, travmasTan dakavSirebuli movlenebis efeqturi gaSuqeba codnas, unar-Cve-vebs da mxardaWeras moiTxovs. „darT centri“ Jurnalistebs am gamowveve-bTan gasamklaveblad saWiro resur-sebiT amaragebs da qmnis globalur,

interdisciplinur profesiul qsels, romelSic fsiqikuri janmrTelobis eqspertebi, profesorebi da mkvlevre-bi Sedian.

omis msxverplni _ sad aris maia?!ramdenime dRis win, gaimarTa Sexve-

dra ̀ darT centris~ evropuli samsaxu-ris ufrosTan gevin rizTan, romelmac Jurnalistebs gamocdileba gauziara.

teletravma

ninia kakabaZe

mas 2005 wels, hirosimas 60 wlisTa-vTan dakavSirebiT BBC-m filmi daukve-Ta. ̀ filmi iyo mxatvrul-dokumenturi da ramdenime respondenti myavda, maT Soris bunebrivia, isinic, vinc hiro-simas tragedias moeswro. rogor mo-viqceT, rom maTi tragikuli gamocdi-leba 60 wlis Semdeg ar gavacocxloT? intervius 10 saaTis ganmavlobaSi viwerdi. respondentma saubari omam-de periodidan daiwyo, Semdeg _ omis periodze da bolos _ omis Semdgom

viTarebaze mesaubra. mTavaria, aseT respondents ar SeawyvetinoT saubari da ar uTxraT, rom es ki ara, sxva ram ufro gainteresebT. wynarad dasxediT da usmineT iqamde, vidre isaubrebs. Tuki ar gainteresebT ambavi, romelsac is giyvebaT, ecadeT, es ar gamoixatos Tqvens saxeze~. ra SesaniSnavia da ra ucxoa Cveni realobisTvis, Jurnalis-ti amdens da ase fiqrobdes adamianze.

arasamTavrobo organizacia ̀ globa-luri iniciativa fsiqiatriaSi~, wle-bis ganmavlobaSi, sistematurad ata-rebs seminarebs, leqciebs, treningebs JurnalistebisaTvis Temebze _ rogor avsaxoT teleekranze omi, Zalado-ba an travma. rogor ar unda gaxdes Zaladobis Cveneba axali Zaladobis inspiratori, an axali msxverplis ma-provocirebeli. rogor unda move-pyroT msxverpls, rom maTi uflebebi ar Seilaxos. am treningebs, rogorc

wesi, amerikidan an evropidan Camosu-li specialistebi atareben, romelic organizacia `darT centrs~ warmoad-genen. ixileT maTi veb gverdi _ www.dartcenter.org _ es SesaniSnavi saxel-mZRvaneloa nebismieri CvenganisTvis. manamde ki mogaxsenebT:

kolumbiis universitetis Jurnalis-tikis skolis proeqti _ Jurnalisti-kisa da travmis „darT centri“ Zala-

vuZRvni maTe kirvaliZes, giorgi laferaSvils da xaTuna berZeniSvils

(`qronikis~, `kurieris~ da `moambis~ mTavar prodiuserebs)


mediakritika

travmis arsi _ sad aris maia?! Semdeg rizi gangvimartavs, rom tra-

vma ar aris mxolod fizikuri daziane-ba an stresi. siyvarulic ki SeiZleba, iyos matravmirebeli. travma Seicavs ususurobis, saSinelebis da SiSis gan-cdas. ar aris aucilebeli, piradad Tqven SegexoT stresi imisaTvis, rom miiRoT travma. agreTve, Segvaxsene-bs, rom gansakuTrebuli sifrTxilea saWiro travmirebul adamianTan ur-TierTobisas. magaliTad, iyo aseTi istoria _ amasac gevin rizi gviambobs _ qalbatoni sakuTar saxlSi ijda da televizors uyurebda. masTan oTaxSi SeiWra ucnobi mamakaci da is gaaupa-tiura. ramdenime dReSi policiam da-mnaSave daakava. seqsualuri Zaladobis msxverplma moZalade daxata, detalu-rad aRwera da dakaveba swored amis sa-fuZvelze moxda. Tumca, mogvianebiT, aRmoCnda, rom qalbatonma aRwera ara moZalade, aramed mamakaci, romelic im dros Canda misi televizoris ekranze, rodesac mas aupatiurebdnen.

es ukve is SemTxvevaa, romelic ara

mxolod qarTvelma Jurnalistebma, aramed samarTaldamcavebmac unda gaiTvaliswinon. magaliTad, rodesac mkvlelobis meore dRes, an ramdenime dReSi, policia akavebs eWvmitanils, vidre mis braleulobas sasamarTlo ar daamtkicebs, aRiarebiTi Cvenebis miuxedavad, misi ekranze gamosaxvisgan umjobesia, Tavi SevikavoT.

erTi umniSvnelo Secdoma _ sad aris maia?!

`darT centris~ evropuli samsaxu-ris ufrosi gevin rizi gviambobs isto-rias, sadac erTi arasworad dasmuli kiTxva msxverplis xelmeore travmis mizezad iqca.

libanSi, erT-erT dawesebulebaSi, teroristi Sevarda da xalxi dacxri-la. maT Soris, ori Jurnalisti iyo, erTi mZimed daiWra, meore tyvias ga-daurCa. gadarCenil norvegiel Jur-nalists omSi muSaobis gamocdileba hqonda da daWrili kolegis gadarCe-nas bolomde cdilobda. daWrili Jur-nalisti hospitalSi 24 saaTis Semdeg gardaicvala. misma kolegam, romelic mis gadarCenas amaod ecada, sakuTari Tavis dadanaSauleba daiwyo da depre-siaSi Cavarda. es Zalian gaxmaurebuli istoria iyo. 3 Tvis ganmavlobaSi nor-vegieli Jurnalisti saxlidan ar ga-modioda, Semdeg nel-nela daiwyo re-abilitacia da 6 TveSi misgan interviu misma kolegam iTxova.

Zalian kargi da saintereso inter-viu iyo, _ gviambobs gevin rizi, _ xan-grZlivi saubris Semdeg Jurnalistma kolegas ukanaskneli kiTxva dausva: ratom fiqrobT, rom ver gadaarCen-diT gardacvlils? swored es kiTxva gaxda imis mizezi, rom norvegielma Jurnalistma travma xelmeored miiRo

da isev depresiaSi Cavarda. swored es erTi, arasworad dasmuli kiTxva gaxda imis sababi, rom adamians igive stresi, xelmeored mieRo.

Zaladobis miTologizireba _ sad aris maia?!

xSirad, rodesac adamiani panikaSia, is iwyebs movlenebis miTologizire-bas. miT umetes maSin, rodesac xeli ar miuwvdeba informaciaze. amerika-Si erT-erT qalaqs `katrinam~ gadau-ra, qalaqSi veravin Sedioda. Tqven warmoidgineT, CNN-ma da BBC-mac ki daiwyes xmebis gavrceleba, rom qalaqSi saSineli Zaladoba mZvinvarebs, moro-diorebi Zarcvaven saxlebs da aupatiu-

reben qalebs. situaciis dastabilure-bis Semdeg gairkva, rom sinamdvileSi, gaupatiurebis arc erTi SemTxveva ar yofila. `darT centris~ warmomadgen-lebma Tavad gadaamowmes informacia.

movlenis miTologizirebis araerTi SemTxveva yofila saqarTveloSi, gan-sakuTrebiT, omis dros. Jurnalistebi xSirad sakuTari TvaliT nanaxis (ara Tu unaxavis) miTologizirebas axdend-nen. rom araferi vTqvaT movlenebis idealizirebaze da im kuTxiT warmoCe-naze, rogorc `visurvebdiT~ rom yo-filiyo. visurvebdiT brWyalebSi, rad-gan yvela ar isurvebda amas.

da bolos _ sad aris maia?! werilis dasawyisSi mogaxseneT, rom

aseTi tipis saubrebi, seminarebi, tre-ningebi xSirad imarTeba organizacia `globaluri iniciativa fsiqiatria-Si~ xelSewyobiT, magram mas arasdros eswrebian praqtikosi Jurnalistebi, sainformacio samsaxuris prodiusere-bi Tu ufrosebi. am istoriebs, ZiriTa-dad, is adamianebi ismenen, visac aseTi tipis informacia daexmareba, magram cnobierebas da profesionalur xedvas ar Seucvlis. maT es ar sWirdebaT. ma-rina vaSaymaZem (`radio Tavisufleba~) Tu medea imerliSvilma (`mwvane tal-Ra~) ician sityva stresis, travmis mniS-vneloba. aseTi tipis seminari maTTvis kidev erTi sasargeblo informaciaa.

danarCeni Jurnalistebis saxiT ki Cven saqme gvaqvs ara mxolod arapro-fesionalizmTan, aramed ugunurebas-Tanac. vgulisxmob im media muSakebs, vinc dRevandel qarTul media-suraTs qmnis.

P.S. albaT, gainteresebT ras niSnavs _ `sad aris maia?~ mTeli seminaris gan-mavlobaSi, Cems gverdiT mjdomi Cemi kolega trialdeboda da naxevrad iu-moriT da naxevrad SeSfoTebuli meki-Txeboda: ̀ sad aris maia?~ ar unda ismen-des amas maia asaTiani?! mas yvela es standarti aqvs darRveuli, araerTi adamianis uflebas laxavs yovel gada-cemaSi da Cvenc araerTxel gavmxdar-varT misi teleteroris msxverplni.

movlenis miTologizirebis araerTi SemTxveva yofila

saqarTveloSi, gansakuTrebiT, omis dros. Jurnalistebi xSirad

sakuTari TvaliT nanaxis miTologizirebas axdendnen.


kultura

TiTqmis yvela speqtaklze anSlagi-

sa da xelovnebis moyvaruli, mRelva-

re studentebis bolo Semosevis Semdeg

(amjerad, griboedovis TeatrSi Temur

CxeiZis `kopenhagenze~; dedis xsenebis ze-

dmetad lirikuli formebisa da mcire

`Selax-Semolaxvis~ fonze) Tbilisis Te-

atraluri festivali mSvidobianad das-

rulda. yvelaze metad TvalSi sacemi iyo

axalgazrdobis didi interesi festiva-

lis mimarT, mosalodnelze meti publika

da gadaWedili Teatraluri darbazebi.

ramdenime dRiT adre bileTebi saerTod

aRar iSoveboda, xolo Teatris karTan

zedmeti bileTis amaod momlodine mayu-

reblis raodenoba aSkarad sarekordoa.

isic gasaTvaliswinebelia, rom bile-

Tebis fasi arcTu iafia - 10-30 laris

farglebSi. magram samwuxarod Tu sa-

bednierod, festivali iSviaTi da Zvi-

radRirebli `xelnakeTebis~ gamofenas

ufro hgavs (streleris, nekroSusis,

korSunovasis an Temur CxeiZis speqtak-

lebi), vidre iaffasian, misawvdom `sa-

qvelmoqmedo~ aqcias.

da ra rCeba Tbilisis festivalis Se-

mdeg?

festivalis Semdeg...

daviT buxrikiZe

pirvel rigSi, ori `hamleti~ litvi-

dan _ gvetyvian Teatralebi. axalga-

zrda reJisor oskaras kurSunovasis

`hamleti~ (vilniusis saqalaqo Teatri)

Teatris Cabnelebul kulisebSi gaTama-

Sebul tragikul klounadas hgavs, sa-

dac ar daZrwian gardacvlilTa aCrdi-

lebi, sadac arasodes ainTeba sinaTle,

magram sikvdili mudam cvalebadi niR-

bebiTaa Casafrebuli da is damcinavad

da mkafiod gansazRvravs TamaSis wess

_ roca zRvari maRalsa da dabals So-

ori `hamleti~, politikuri `cicino~ da bnel baRSi mocekvaveni

ris waSlilia; roca hamletis mamis aCr-

dili da klavdiusi TiTqos erTmaneTs

avseben; roca wiTeli xelsaxocebiT,

anu, damcinavi metaforiT `SeTxzu-

li~ sisxliT Tanabrad iTxvrebian od-

nav sasacilo, Tojinur-infernaluri

ofeliac, nacrisferi, erTi SexedviT

arafriT gamorCeuli hamletic, ro-

zenkranc-gildensternis groteskuli

wyvilic...

didi litveli reJisoris, eimuntas

nekroSusis `hamlets~, romelic man

scena speqtaklidan `hamleti~

scena speqtaklidan `bnel baRSi~

fo

to

gia

goga

tiS

vil

if

ot

o mar

ika

qoCi

aSvi

li


kultura

jer kidev 12 wlis win dadga sakuTar

TeatrSi `meno fortas~, Tbilisis wle-

vandel festivalze saukeTeso Sefaseba

da publikis aRfrTovaneba mohyva. spe-

qtakli, romelic karga xnis ganmavlo-

baSi scenaze aRar idgmeboda erT-erTi

msaxiobis gardacvalebis gamo, nekro-

Susma 2004-2005 wlebSi aRadgina. kriti-

kosebis azriT, `hamletis~ reinkarnacia

mainc rok-momRerlisa da araprofesio-

nali msaxiobis, andrius mamontovasis

hamletis rolze mowvevas ukavSirdeba

hamletis rolze. sxvaTa Soris, nekro-

Susi mas stanislavskis `gardasaxvis xe-

lovnebis~ Sesaxeb wakiTxvasac ki aval-

debulebda.

...Tqvens winaSea ucnauri rkinis ni-

vTebiTa da haerSi gamokidebuli rkinis

kbilana xerxiT `gaformebuli~ scena,

romelzec yinulis natexebs WaRiviT

hkideben, xolo gansakuTrebulad `sa-

SiS~ situaciaSi amowmeben, galesilia

Tu ara. reJisori Tavidanve CaiTrevs

mayurebels odnav ironiul, ritualur

da pirquS TamaSSi: scenaze mamis aCrdi-

li TeTri qurqiTa da uxilavi marxi-

liT Semodis, TiTqos losebze monadi-

re laplandielia, klavdiusi (vitautas

rumSasi) da gertruda (dalia storiki)

ki piriqiT Savi qurqebiT mecxramete

saukunis mdidar vaWrebs hgvanan. am

fonze mamontovasis hamleti namdvili

pankia, SesaZloa, rokeric (gaaCnia ro-

gor SexedavT), xolo misi megobari da

mudam scenaze myofi horacio (ramunas

ridokasi) mediumiviTaa, yvelas Soris

kavSiris damyarebas axerxebs.

pirquS da damaeleqtroebel spe-

qtaklSi, sadac ganuwyvetliv ismis ri-

tualuri xmebi, dolisa da dafdafebis

xma Tu verdis `bedis Zalis~ motivi,

poetur gamonaTebad aRiqmeba mwvane ka-

baSi gamowyobili, ucnauri axtajanasa-

viT saintereso ofelia (viqtoria kuo-

dite), romlis sigiJe-sikvdilis scena

erT-erTi yvelaze saintresoa warmod-

genaSi.

...hamleti fexSiSveli sakuTari nebiT

dadgeba yinulze, romelic wylad anu

arafrad iqca; radgan arCevani meomar

fortinbrass ergo. swored igi daiti-

rebs hamlets finalSi did xans, mgr-

Znobiare cxovelis ymuiliT. dolze

ritmuli dartymebis fonze.

Znelia festivalze warmodgenili

iranuli marionetuli opera saxelwo-

debiT `rostami da zohrabi~ (romelic

iranuli erovnuli eposis _ firdousis

`Sahnames~ mixedviT warmoadgina ira-

nulma dasma) Teatralur meinstrimSi

moaqcio. igi arc mkafiod gamoxatuli

sabavSvo sanaxaoba da arc klasikuri

Tojinuri speqtaklia. loris Ceqno-

verianis opera `rostami da zohrabi~,

romelsac Turme kompozitiri 25 wlis

ganmavlobaSi werda, reJisorma behruz

yaribfuzma TeiranSi, firdousis cen-

trSi dadga.

zusti da poeturi aqcentebi, Sesa-

niSnavad nakeTi Tojinebi da aranakleb

saintereso scenografia TiTqos mayu-

reblis dainteresebis kargi saSuale-

baa, Tumca tradiciuli Janris iranuli

opera sakmaod mZimea da erTferovania

aRqmisaTvis. arada, meTojineTa garja

da daaxloebiT asamde marioneti mar-

Tlac jadosnur samyaris qmnis.

samagierod, jadoqrebis saerTod

ar eSinia 19 wlis cicinos _ laSa bu-

RaZis fantaziiT SeTxzul personaJs,

romelic mTaSi, tradiciul ojaxSi

cxovrobs da wmindanebis xmebi Caesmis:

kavkasiis omebsa da yovelgvar ubedu-

rebas swored is moagvarebs. `cicino,

anu politikuri piesa”, ase ewodeba pie-

sas, romelic frangma reJisorma kla-

ra Svarcenbergma parizis gareubanSi,

`sasceno xelovnebis kompaniaSi~ dadga.

sakmoad cocxali da satiruli war-

modgena, rimelsac axalgarzrda fran-

gi msaxiobebi marjaniSvilis Teatris

sxvenze TamaSoben, kargi magaliTia,

erTi mxriv, rogor imsxvreva stereoti-

pebi saqarvelos Sesaxeb da meore mxriv,

rogor kvebaven mas isev ucxoelis mier

miRebuli SegrZnebebi kavkasiaSi _ musi-

kiT, teqstiTa da plastikiT dawyebuli,

politikuri niuansebiT damTavrebuli.

arc politika da arc didi axsna-gan-

marteba Wirdeba sacekvao dass `kibuci~,

romelic Tanamedrove cekvis STambeWdav

enaze qmnis 70 wuTian sanaxaobas saxelwo-

debiT `bnel baRSi~. cnobili ebraeli

qoreografi rami beeri kargad iTvisebs

Tanamedrove qoreografiisa da cekvis

Teatris evropul gakveTilebs da gvTa-

vazobs usiuJeto, gansxvavebuli asocia-

ciebiT datvirTul qoreo-sanaxaobas.

igi spetaklis sruli baton-patronia:

Txzavs teqsts, igonebs moZraobebs, baxs

urevs jon Surmans da an jadosnuri naza-

viT, nu mocekvaveTa sxeulebiT udabnos

ganwyobasac qmnis da oazissac xatavs.

mokled, Tbilisis saerTaSoriso

festivali saintresod dasrulda.

sainteresoa, rogori iqneba misi gamo-

Zaxili da vin iqnebian momdevno gmire-

bi da rogori iqneba organizatorTa

arCevani?!

scena speqtaklidan `cicino, anu politikuri piesa~

fo

to

gia

goga

tiS

vil

i


sporti

visia Cemi klubi

gio axvlediani

cnobili ambavia, rom espaneTSi safexburTo klubebi xalxs ekuTvnis. es naTqvami zogadia da rasakvirvelia, Tan erTi sqeli kanonic axlavs. magram arsi ki is aris, rom visac qomagob, im klubis marTvaSi wili gidevs da rasakvirvelia, amas aqciebi da mTeli ambavic mohyve-ba. oRondac, klubis prezidentis arCevnebSi xma erTi gaqvs, Tund aqcia bevri gqondes. es kargi midgomaa da axla amis msgavsi kanoni germaniaSic amoqmeddeba.

rogorc Zveli propagandistebi ikiTxavdnen: _ da ra mdgomareobaa kapitalistur qveynebSi?_ sruliad sapirispiro.inglisSi fexburTis

klubi da qarxana kano-niT arafriT gansxvavdeba. klubs hyavs patroni da bordi, Tavisi preziden-tiT. yvela qomags da araqomags SeuZlia, klu-bis aqciebi iyidos, magram mis marTvaSi monawileoba _ nuras ukacravad, Tuki am aqciebs imgvari Zala ar mosdevs, rom maTma pa-tronma klubis erT-erTi patronoba ar daiCemos. Zvelad ase iyo, rom msxvi-li aqcioneri inglisur klubebs ramdenime hyavda xolme da es bevrgan axlac SemorCenilia, rac klubis bed-iRblis gansazRvraSi ramdenime bobolas monawileobas gulsxmobs. magram bolo dros umetesad ise wamovida, rom premier-li-gis klubebs ucxoeli miliarderebi yiduloben da maT bedsac TavianT Wkuaze gansazRvraven.

klubebis miliarderebis xelSi yofna fanebs aRel-vebs. sayvareli gundis saqmeebSi gareva fanobisTvis SeuZlebelia da saxalxo iaraRad mxolod saprotesto gamosvlebi rCeba. yvelas axsovs `manCester iunaitedis~ gulSematkivrebis janyi, roca irlandielma miliarde-rebma maniem da makmanusma klubi amerikelebs, gleize-rebis ojaxs miyides. fexburTis mayurebeli imasac Sea-mCnevda, rom dRes old trefordis tribunebze naCvev

alisfer samoss moulodneli yviTel-mwvane sWarbobs. es `manCester iunaitedis” saukuniswinandeli samosis feria, rac axla anti-gleizeruli moZraobis simbolo gamxdara. oRondac, fanebs arafris Secvla ar SeuZliaT.

`Celsis~ rusi patroni hyavs, `manCester sitis~ _ arabi da ase dausruleblad. ucxoel miliarderTa in-teresi inglisuri klubebisadmi Zalian didia da Tu sadme xma gavarda, klubi iyidebao, erTi rigi dadgeba xolme. miliarderebs didi xarji aqvT axalnayid klu-bebSi, magram Cans, ambavi uRirT.

ai, axla liverpulSia am-bavi. diadi klubi cxrilis boloSi gaCxerila. cxadia, areuloba yvelaze moqmede-bs. mis amerikel patrone-bs hikss da jilets klubis gayidva adreve gadaewyvi-taT da, bolos da bolos, gamoCnda amerikuli konsor-ciumi `niu ingland sports venCas”, romelic amerikaSi sportul klubebsa flobs. am ambavs win aRudga klubis bordi da axali Tavmjdoma-re, romelTac zurgsukan fanobis mxardaWera igr-Znes. hiksi da jileti adg-nen da bordis ori mojanye wevri Secvales, hiksis vaJi-

Ta da SinakaciT, raTa saWiro gadawyvetileba mieRoT. oRondac liverpulelebma ukan aRar daixies da texasis sasamarTlom yidva-gayidvis operacia SeaCera. am saqme-Si CaTreulia ̀ benq of sqotlandic~ da misi kreditebic. da saerTod, ambavi dRiTidRe ixlarTeba.

oRondac, ra kavSiri aqvs amas fexburTTan, Zneli ga-sarkvevia. `liverpuli~ saSinlad TamaSobs, fanoba Re-lavs da SuriT gascqeris germanul klubebs _ aio, imaT ra Wkvianurad qnes yvelaferio.

Tumca, gascqeris da gascqeris. sruliad war-moudgenelia, rom inglisSi germaniis msgavsi kanoni miiRon. aseTi ramis saWiroebas jerjerobiT veravin dainaxavs.


namdvilad ar maxsovs, ramdeni xnis win daubrundnen Tbilisur avtobusebs kontroliorebi, magram mas Semdeg ukve orjer vnaxe isini sizmarSi, orivejer dajarime-bas mipirebdnen imis gamo, rom ubileTod vmgzavrobdi, orjerve im dros gameRviZa, rodesac qeCoSi mwvdnen da avtobusidan CaTrevas mipirebdnen. yovel gamoRviZeba-ze, sizmridan uecari gamovardna Svebas mgvrida. veras-dros vifiqrebdi, aseT solidur asakSi aseTi bavSvuri SiSebi Tu gamiCndeboda, magram vxvdebi, ratomac moxda ase; amis axsna sakmaod advilia maTTvis, vinc xSirad mgza-vrobs avtobusiT da sakmaod Zneli maTTvis, visac Tbi-lisuri avtobusiT jer ar umgzavria. mokled, es Cemi ucnauri SiSebi Sedegia imisa, rom ramdenimejer n a C q a r e v i gadawyvetileba miviRe da avtobusSi m o u m z a d e b e l i avedi.

ai, swored aq SeiZleba, gauCndes pirveli SekiTxva ga-moucdel mgzavrs, _ ras niSnavs avtobusSi naCqarevad da moumzadeblad asvla? gipasuxebT: avtobusSi naCqarevad asvla niSnavs imas, rom Tqven sistematurad ar mgzavro-bT avtobusiT, Sesabamisad, abonementi ara gaqvT, magram sxvadasxva garemoebebidan gamomdinare, spontanur gada-wyvetilebas iRebT da avtobusSi adixarT. axla ufro gavarTuleb da SeecadeT, ar CamomrCeT: avtobusSi mou-mzadeblad asvla ar niSnavs imas, rom bileTis asaRebad sakmarisi fuli ar gaqvT. piriqiT, avtobusSi asvlis mo-mentSi Tqven SeiZleba, jibeebi fuliT gqondeT gaZeZgi-li da rac mTavaria, Zalianac gindodeT bileTis aReba, magram erTi xuTTeTrianis an aTTeTrianis arqonam, rome-lic bileTis aRebisaTvis aucilebeli `TeTruli~ kombi-naciis nawilia, SeiZleba, yviTeljubiani kontroliore-bis xelSi mogaxvedroT.

ara, mZRoli da mgzavrebi verafriT giSvelian. mZRole-bi imitom, rom isini fuls aRar axurdaveben, rogorc es adre iyo; mgzavrebi ki... ho, es ufro sainteresoa, rad-ganac Tu yuradRebiT mimoixedavT garSemo, aucileblad SeamCnevT muWSekrul, daZabulad Tvalebacecebul Tbi-liselebs. maTac, albaT, CemsaviT impulsuri gadawyveti-leba miiRes, SeiZleba, raRac gaaxsendaT da ifiqres a, batono avtobusi, ufro Cqara mimiyvans daniSnulebis ad-gilzeo. avtobusSi amosvlisas maT mtkiced hqondaT ga-dawyvetili bileTis aReba, magram Tbilisur avtobusebSi

dagvianebuli Civili

kaxa Tolordava

ubralo gadawyvetileba veraferi bedenaa. ai, ra xdeba Semdeg: maT mxolod avtobusSi aRmoaCines, rom ormocTe-Triani `bingos~ wamosayvireblad aucilebel kombinacias sul raRac xuTi Tu aTi TeTri aklia. ara, fuli imdeni aqvT, rom naxevar Tbiliss dapatiJeben bileTze, magram is larebi avtobusSi ar `larobs,~ zustad ise, rogorc rusuli rubli aRar `rublobs~ saqarTveloSi.

ase rCebian miamiti Tbiliselebi TavianTi ocdaaTi an ocdaTxuTmeti TeTris amara oflian muWebSi da SiSis za-ric am dros Camokravs xolme. albaT, mixvdiT, am dros Tvalebis cecebas ratom iwyeben xolme, ara? marTalia, kontrolioris eSiniaT. axla ukve imasac mixvdebodiT, Tu ra didi mniSvneloba aqvs Tbilisur avtobusSi momza-debulad asvlas, rac niSnavs imas, rom gaRviZebisTanave aucilebelia, kargad dagegmoT dRe da Tu gadawyvitavT, rom im dRes avtobusSi asvla mogiwevT, SeaTanxmoT es Tqveni ojaxis wevrebTan, radganac Tu maTac uwevT imave dRes avtobusSi asvla, SeiZleba xurda fuls iolad ver Seelion, rac imas niSnavs, rom mogiwevT Tqveni saxlis siaxloves `mini supermarketebis~ pirquS gamyidveleb-Tan yelis gamoglejva an erTi araaucilebeli òrbitis~ yidva an kidev, jani gavardes da abonementis yidvac ki, Tumca SeiZleba moxdes ise, rom is abonementi Tveebis ganmavlobaSi ar dagWirdeT.

mokled, erTi SexedviT TiTqos ra unda iyos avtobusiT mgzavrobaze ioli, magram maSin ratom mesizmrebian is yviTeljubiani kontroliorebi?

qalaqSi moxetiale kacis Canawerebi


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