Tai Lieu Thuc Hanh AVR1

FLOWCODE AVRBM. IN T

HNG DN THC HNH VI IU KHIN AVR

Hng dn thc hnh vi iu khin AVR

FlowCode AVR

LI GII THIUCho mng cc bn n vi ti liu hng dn thc hnh vi iu khin AVR thng qua phn mm Flowcode v Kit th nghim ca trung tm CITA. Flowcode l mt chng trnh phn mm cho php cc bn to cc chng trnh t n gin ti phc tp cho vi iu khin AVR ch thng qua cc gii thut iu khin. Ti liu ny s gip cho cc bn bc u lm quen vi vi iu khin AVR mt cch nhanh nht. Thng qua cc bi thc hnh v th nghim trn Kit cc bn s khm ph ra c nhiu iu v cng th v, t cc bn s thy rng hc mn hc vi iu khin khng kh m cn kh d. Cc bn s tng bc lm quen vi vi iu khin AVR thng qua tng bi thc hnh t d ti kh. Mi bi thc hnh, ti liu s hng dn cc bn tng bc thc hin bng cc hnh nh v cng trc quan. ng thi thng qua bi thc hnh cc bn s c n li nhng kin thc c v hc nhng kin thc mi. Cui mi bi thc hnh l cc bi tp nng cao cc bn thc hnh thm. Nu trong qu trnh s dng ti liu cc bn cm thy kh khn, hoc cm thy rng mnh thiu kin thc, th ng vi hong s. Bn ch cn nh rng bn c th khng hiu c tt c mi th ln u tin. Mc d ti liu c bin son vi s n lc, tn tm cao nht nhng vi kinh nghim v thi gian cn hn ch nn nhng bi thc hnh trong ti liu khng th trnh khi nhng sai st. Tc gi rt mong nhn c s ng gp kin qu bo t cc ng nghip, qu thy c v cc bn sinh vin ti liu ny c hon thin hn. Mi kin n gp xin gi v: Trng Cao ng Cng Ngh Th c Trn Hng Vn Phng Khoa Hc Cng Ngh & Quan H Quc T Tel: 0902.969.727 (08)38893666 Email: [email protected]

Trng C Cng Ngh Th c

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FlowCode AVR

GII THIU FLOWCODEMi trng lp trnh Flowcode bao gm mt khu vc hot ng chnh, trong ca s flowchart c hin th, mt s thanh cng c cho php cc biu tng v cc thnh phn c thm vo trong ng dng ca flowchart, ca s cho php xem trng thi ca vi iu khin v cng l ca s hin th cc bin trong qu trnh lu thut gii ang c m phng. y bn c th nhn thy mt mn hnh ca mt d n:

C 3 thanh cng c m bn c th s dng Thanh cng c Icons Ko v th biu tng ny vo ca s chnh flowchart to thnh mt ng dng flowchart ca bn. Thng thng thanh cng c ny nm v tr bn tri ca mn hnh, nhng thanh cng c c th c trong ging nh hnh di y khi n undocked.

Trng C Cng Ngh Th c

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FlowCode AVR

Thanh cng c Components y l thanh cng c hin th cc thnh phn bn ngoi, cc thnh phn ny c th c kt ni vi mt vi iu khin. Click vo mt thnh phn v n s thm mt thnh phn cn iu khin vo ca s flowchart. Cht kt ni gia vi iu khin v thnh phn iu khin c th c sa i. Thng thng v tr ca thanh cng c ny nm bn tri ca mn hnh bn cnh thanh cng c Icons, nhng thanh cng c c th c trong ging nh undocked. hnh di y khi n

Thanh cng c Menu v simulation (m phng) Cc nt trn thanh cng c ny cho php bn m tp tin, ng cc tp tin v.v v cng cho php bn kim sot cc m phng v iu khin cc chc nng. Cc chc nng ny cng c sn trn trnh n Windows chun pha trn cng ca mn hnh

Duy chuyn thanh cng c Cc thanh cng c c th c duy chuyn ra khi v tr mt nh ca n hoc th ni, hoc a vo trong trnh n, hoc bn di cng ca ca s Flowcode. Di y l mt v d th ni thanh cng c

Trng C Cng Ngh Th c

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FlowCode AVR

Ca s Microcontroller Vi iu khin hin thnh c hin th ca s ny. Khi flowchart c m phng th tnh trng cc chn xut nhp ca vi iu khin c hin th trn vi iu khin vi mu v mu xanh cho kt qu u ra cao v thp tng ng nh bn c th xem y:

Trng C Cng Ngh Th c

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FlowCode AVR

Ca s Flowchart Cc biu tng lm nn lu gii thut flowchart c hin th trong ca s ny. Ngoi ra, cc lu gii thut ca cc macro c hin th trong mt ca s ring bit. Ca s chnh flowchart lun lun c hin th v ca s cc ca cc macro c th c hin th hoc n i khi cn thit.

Trng C Cng Ngh Th c

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FlowCode AVR

Ca s External component Tnh trng ca mt trong nhng thnh phn km theo vi iu khin c hin th trong ca s ny. Cc thnh phn s tr nn hot ng khi m flowchart c m phng. Cho bn mt cch nhn tng th cng nh cho php bn tng tc vi cc thnh phn bn ngoi, v d: ng v m cng tc.

C s Variables Khi m phng mt flowchart, gi tr ca bt k cc bin s dng c th c nhn thy trong ca s ny. Cc gi tr ca cc bin c cp nht cho tt c cc lnh ca mi lnh m phng nhng khng c cp nht khi cc m phng chy tc y . Nu bn m phng mt flowchart nh nhn nt pause th bn c th click vo cc bin trong ca s ny v thay i gi tr ca chng. iu ny cho php bn th nghim flowchart ca bn di cc iu kin khc nhau.

Trng C Cng Ngh Th c

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FlowCode AVR

Ca s Call stack. Ca s ny cho php xem cc macro hin hnh c m phng. iu ny rt hu ch khi mt trong nhng macro khc c gi trong qu trnh m phng.

Thanh cng c v ca s kim tra. Nu bn chn VIEW t trnh n bn c th xem c s ca cc hp la chn, cc la chn ny c th c dng kch hot hoc tt ca s cc thanh cng c.

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BI 1 XUT D LIU RA PORT A

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I. MC CH Nhn din vi iu khin ATMEGA8515. Xut d liu ra cc port ca vi iu khin ATMEGA8515.

II. TRANG THIT B My vi tnh c ci phn mm Flowcode AVR. B Thc Tp Vi X L CITA.

III. L THUYT III.1. Gii thiu chip ATMEGA8515

Hnh 1: S chn ca chip 8515 A. Khi qut : Chip ATmega8515 l mt vi iu khin h CMOS 8-bit nng lng thp da trn h AVR c tng cng cu trc RISC. Bng cch thi hnh nhng lnh mnh trong mt chu k xung n, ATmega8515 t thng lng gn 1 MIPS /


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MHz cho php h thng thit k c th ti u ha in nng tiu th so vi tc x l. B. c tnh: Hiu sut cao, b vi iu khin cng sut thp 8-bit Cu trc RISC Thanh ghi lm vic a nng. S vn hnh tnh. Kh nng thc hin 16 triu lnh/s ti tn s 16 Mhz. B nh chng trnh v d liu khng i. T lp trnh h thng c 8Kbyte. bn:10000vng ghi/xa. B phn khi ng ngu nhin c lp vi bit kha. Chung trnh h thng da trn chng trnh khi ng trn chip iu khin vic c trong khi ghi trung thc 512 byte EEPROM bn:100000 vng ghi/xa. 512 byte SRAM bn trong C th m rng b nh ngoi ln ti 64 Kbyte Chng trnh kha dnh cho phn mm bo mt c tnh ngoi vi: 3 knh iu bin rng xung(PWM:pulse width modulation)


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Giao tip ni tip loi ch t SPI B thu pht tng hp ng b v khng ng b B nh thi gim st lp trnh vi b to dao ng ring bit trn chip B so snh tng t trn chip Chc nng c bit ca vi iu khin: Trnh t khi ng v kh nng t d tm khi ngun yu. B dao ng RC bn trong c hiu chnh B ngun ngt bn trong v ngoi 3 ch ch:khng hat ng,ngun gim,ch ngh Ng vo/ra v gi chng trnh: 40 chn ngoi vi Mc in th hot ng: 2.7-5.5 V cho ATmega8515L 4.5-5.5V cho ATmega8515 Cp tn s: 0-8 Mhz cho ATmega8515L 0-16 Mhz cho ATmega8515 III.2. M t cc chn VCC GND


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Port A (PA7..PA0) Port B (PB7..PB0) Port C (PC7..PC0) Port D (PD7..PD0) : l cc cng xut nhp 2 chiu 8 bit, vi in tr ko ln bn trong (ty chn cho tng bit). Ngoi ra cc cng A,B v D cn c th phc v mt s chc nng c bit ca Atmega8515. Port E (PE2..PE0) : l cng xut nhp 2 chiu 3 bit, vi in tr ko ln bn trong (ty chn cho tng bit). Ngoi ra cng E cn c th phc v mt s chc nng c bit ca Atmega8515. RESET ng vo chn reset. XTAL1 Ng vo b khuch i dao ng o v ng vo xung trong mch hot ng. XTAL2 Ng ra t b dao ng khuch i o. III.3. Kt ni phn cng


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IV. TH C HNH

S gii thut xut d liu ra port A Bc 1: To d n mi Khi ng chng trnh FlowCode

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Chn Create a new FlowCode flowchart Nhn OK


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Chn chip ATMEGA8515 Nhn OK Mn hnh lm vic hin ra vi 2 khi BEGIN v END


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Nhn vo biu tng D:\\BaitapAVR\Bai1

lu

chng

trnh

vi

tn

Bc 2: Gi khi xut d liu Chn vo biu tng BEGIN & END Nhn 2 ln vo biu tng sau ko th vo gia 2 khi

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Ghi vo Variable or value gi tr 1 Nhn OK

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C th s dng s hex hoc s nh phn trong Variable or value. i vi s hex ta ghi vi c php: 0x1F i vi s nh phn ta ghi vi c php: 0b10101010 Trong phn mm Flowcode ta c th s dng s dng thp phn, nh phn v thp lc phn nhng phi tun theo c php trn.


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Bc 3: Gi khi m phng Led n Nhn vo biu tng Nhn vo biu tng

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Chn Component Connections

o Port: La chn Led ni vi port no ca ATMEGA8515 o Bit: La chn tng chn ca ATMEGA8515 ni vi Led Chn Port A


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Bc 4: M phng Nhn vo biu tng Quan st hin tng

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Nhn vo biu tng

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Chn Properties

Number of LEDs: La chn s lng LED hin th LED Colour: Chn mu cho LED Direction:


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o Deflault: Led 0 nm bn pha tay phi o Reverse: Led 0 nm bn pha tay tri Orientation: o Horizontal: Led hin th nm ngang o Vertical: Led hin th ng

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t tn cho cc Led

V. TH NGH IM A. Kt ni phn cng Bc 1: Tt ngun KIT thc tp vi x l Bc 2: Gn board ATMEGA8515 vo TEXTDOL


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Bc 3: Ni dy np chng trnh vo board ATMEGA8515


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PA0 1

4 Nap

PA7 Port A

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Ni J181 vi board ATMEGA8515 v tr Np

Bc 4: Kt ni vi Led Ni Led vi Port A


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Kt ni hon chnh

B. Np chng trnh vo chip Bc 1: M ngun KIT thc tp vi x l Bc 2: Bin dch chng trnh Trn trnh n chnh, chn Chip chn Clock Speed


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Trong Clock speed (Hz) nhp gi tr 8000000. Tng ng vi tn s hot ng ca chip l 8Mz Nhn OK

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Nhn vo biu tng Nu nh chng trnh cha lu s c bn thng bo. Chn Yes.


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Bc 3: M chng trnh np SpiPgm

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Chn chip MEGA8515 Nhn vo Signature kim tra chip


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Nu thng bo nh hnh: chip c nhn din. Ta tin hnh bc 3

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Nu thng bo nh hnh: Tin hnh kim tra li cc bc phn A


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Bc 5: Np chng trnh Chn Open File

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Chn file cn np D:\\BaitapAVR\bai1.hex Nhn vo nt Program tin hnh np chng trnh

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Nu bin dch thnh cng s c thng bo


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Bc 6: Quan st hin tng Nu hin tng khng ng vi qu trnh m phng th thc hin li tng bc t phn A.

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Phn cng ca Kit thc tp vi iu khin, Led c chn chung l chn dng, chn m l chn iu khin. Nn Led s sng mc thp, trong khi phn m phng ca phn mm Flowcode Led sng mc cao. CU H I BI TP

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Hy in vo cc gi tr tng ng vi led sng. Hoc cc led no sng tng ng vi cc gi trD liu xut LED

51

204

195

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____

____

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i cc s thp phn sau y sang m hex, nh phn S thp phn 12 254 120 72 96 S hex Nh phn


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Khi kt ni phn cng phi m bo rng ngun tt. Khng nhn vo cc nt khc ngoi cc nt: Signature, Open File, Program. V c th lm hng Chip

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Thao tc gn cc Jump dy cm trn Kit thc tp vi x l phi nh nhng v cn thn.

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Khi tho cc Jump dy cm phi tho thng gc. Khi thc tp c nhng vn khc thng th phi bo ngy vi gio vin ng lp, khng t gii quyt.

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Nhng vn khng hiu trong qu trnh thc tp hy mnh dng hi gio vin ng lp, ng lo s.


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BI 2 IU KHIN LED CHP TT

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I. MC CH S dng vng lp trong lp trnh iu khin vi iu khin ATMEGA8515.

II. TRANG THIT B My vi tnh c ci phn mm Flowcode AVR B thc tp Vi X L CITA

III. L THUYT V ng lp v tn. C php: While (1) { Cc lnh khc nm y } Loop Gii ngha: While (1) lun lun ng nn vng lp ny s thc hin cc lnh nm trong du { } v tn Cch khc: Loop { Cc lnh khc nm y } While (1)


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IV. TH C HNH

S gii thut port A chp tt. Bc 1: To d n Thc hin ging bc 1 Bi 1, trang 13 Lu bi tp vi tn D:\\BaitapAVR\Bai2

Bc 2: Gi vng lp while


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Chn vo biu tng END.

sau ko kh vo gi 2 khi BEGIN &

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Kt qu sau khi thc hin ko khi vng lp

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Nhn 2 ln vo

hoc

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Ghi vo Variable or Value gi tr 1 Nhn OK


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Nu trong Test the loop at the: ta chn End th kt qu s nh hnh

Bc 3: Gi khi xut d liu Chn vo biu tng Trang Khi th nht Chn Port: PORT A Variable or Value: 00 Khi th hai Chn Port: PORT A Variable or Value: 0xff , cc bc thc hin ging Bc 2, Bi 1


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Bc 4: Chn khi Delay Chn vo biu tng , sau ko th vo nh hnh


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Nhn 2 ln vo biu tng

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Trong Delay value or variable: g gi tr 250. Thm mt khi Delay na a vo nh hnh.


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Cc bc cu hnh cho khi Delay th 2 tng t khi Delay th nht.

Bc 5: Gi khi m phng Led n Ging nh Bc 3, Bi 1 Trang 16



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V. TH NGH IM A. Kt ni phn cng Cc bc thc hin ging nh cc bc Bi 1 Trang 18.

B. Np chng trnh vo chp Bc 1: Cc bc thc hin ging nh cc bc Bi 1 Trang 21. Bc 2: Cc bc thc hin ging nh cc bc Bi 1 Trang 21. Bc 3: Np chng trnh Chn file cn nap D:\\BaitapAVR\bai2.hex

Bc 4: Quan st hin tng Nu hin tng khng ng vi qu trnh m phng th thc hin li tng bc t phn A.

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Phn cng ca Kit thc tp vi iu khin, Led c chn chung l chn dng, chn m l chn iu khin. Nn Led s sng mc thp, trong khi phn m phng ca phn mm Flowcode Led sng mc cao. CU H I BI TP

1. Khi Delay thm vo lm g? Nu b khi Delay th hin tng g xy ra? 2. Khi gian Delay c nh hng g n s hin th ca Led khng? Nh th no? 3. Lm li bi tp 2 vi yu cu: Khi khi ng Led port A tt, sau 4 Led byte thp port A sng 200ms, k tip 4 Led byte cao port A sng, 4 Led byte thp port A tt 200ms. V lp i lp li v hn.


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BI 3 IU KHIN LED CHP TT 3 LNI. MC CH -

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S dng vng lp trong lp trnh iu khin vi iu khin ATMEGA8515.


III. L THUYT V ng lp c iu kin C php: While () { Cc lnh khc nm y } Loop Gii ngha: Vng lp s kim tra trc, nu cn ng th cc lnh nm trong { } s c lp di lp li. Nu vng lp s kt thc. V d: I =0; While (I > 0 Nhn 2 ln vo khi Calculation Trong ca s Properties: Calculation o Calculations: delay = delay + 1 o Nhn OK Bc 10: Vit chng trnh cho cc Macro Nhn 2 ln vo khi Macro bt k Chn Macro cn vit nhn nt

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vit chng


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BI 8 M LN 69 HIN TH RA LED 7 ONa. To chng trnh cho macro Gia ima7doan

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hdonvi = count MOD 10 hchuc = count / 10

Lu gii thut gii m 7 on.


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BI 8 M LN 69 HIN TH RA LED 7 ONb. To chng trnh cho macro hienthi

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Variable or value: 0b00000001




Lu gii thut hin th ra led 7 on


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BI 8 M LN 69 HIN TH RA LED 7 ONc. To chng trnh cho macro ma7doan Lu gii thut gii m 7 on

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tam = 0b00000010

tam = 0b10011110

tam = 0b00100100

tam = 0b00001100

tam = 0b10011000


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BI 8 M LN 69 HIN TH RA LED 7 ON

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tam = 0b01001000

tam = 0b01000000

tam = 0b00011110

tam = 0b00000000

tam = 0b00001000


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BI 8 M LN 69 HIN TH RA LED 7 ONBc 11: Gi khi m phng Led 7 on. Chn Component Connections

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Chn cc thng s nh hnh


V. TH NGH IM A. Kt ni phn cng T Bc 1 ti Bc 4 ging Bi 1 Trang 18


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BI 8 M LN 69 HIN TH RA LED 7 ONBc 5: Kt ni vi switch

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PA

PC

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Kt ni Port A vi khi Led 7 on ti 7SEG-IN (PA7 ni vi A) Kt ni PC0, PC1, PC2, PC3 vi khi Led 7 on ti SELECT-LED (PC0 vi Led3).

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Kt ni hon chnh


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Phn cng ca Kit thc tp vi iu khin, ti khi Led 7 on SELECTLED ni qua transistor. Nn Led s c la chn mc thp, trong khi phn m phng ca phn mm Flowcode Led la chn mc cao.

B. Np chng trnh vo chp Bc 1, 2, 3, 4: Cc bc thc hin ging nh cc bc Bi 1 Trang 21. Bc 5: Np chng trnh Chn file cn nap D:\\BaitapAVR\bai8.hex

Bc 6: Quan st hin tng Quan st s hin th trn Led 7 on Nu hin tng khng ng vi qu trnh m phng th thc hin li tng bc t phn A. CU H I BI TP 1. Gii thch cc macro Giaima7doan, hienthi, ma7doan 2. Thc hin on chng trnh trn hin th s tng dn t 00 n 99 ra 2 Led 7 on 3. Hin th s ra 2 Led 7 on tng dn t 00 - 59. 4. Hin th s ra 2 Led 7 on tng dn t 00 - 23. 5. Hin th s ra 2 Led 7 on gim dn t 99 - 00. 6. Hin th s ra 2 Led 7 on gim dn t 59 - 00. 7. Hin th s ra 2 Led 7 on gim dn t 23 - 00.


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BI 9 LED MA TRN

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I. MC CH S dng vi x l ATMEGA8515 giao tip vi Led ma trn.


III. L THUYT Led Ma Trn Ma trn LED bao gm nhiu LED cng nm trong mt v chia thnh nhiu ct v hng, mi giao im gia hng v ct c th c 1 LED (ma trn LED mt mu) hay nhiu LED (2 LED ti mt v tr to thnh ma trn LED 3 mu). LED ti mt v tr no sng th phi cp hiu in th dng gia Anode v Cathode. Trn c s cu trc nh vy, ta c th m rng hng v ct ca ma trn LED to thnh cc bng quang bo.

Kt ni ca ma trn Led c 2 cch: anode ni vi hng, cathode ni vi ct hay ngc li. S kt ni m t nh hnh v trang bn.


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BI 9 LED MA TRN

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Theo cu trc kt ni nh hnh v, 2 Led trn 2 ct khng th sng ng thi. Xt s kt ni nh mch hnh b, mt Led sng khi tng ng hng ca Led = 0 v ct = 1. Gi s ta cn sng Led ng thi ti hng 1, ct 1 v hng 2, ct 2. Nh vy, ta phi c hng 1 = 0, ct 1 = 1 (sng Led ti hng 1, ct 1) v hng 2 = 0, ct 2 = 1 (sng Led ti hng 2, ct 2). T , do hng 1 = 0, ct 2 = 1 v hng 2 = 0, ct 2 = 1 nn ta cng c cc Led ti hng 1, ct 2 v hng 2, ct 1 cng sng. Ngha l, khi ta cho 2 Led ti hng 1, ct 1 v hng 2, ct 2 sng ng thi th s dn n cc Led ti hng 1, ct 2 v hng 2, ct 1 cng sng. Do , thc hin sng mt k t trn ma trn Led, ta phi dng c ch qut, ti mi thi im ch sng 1 ct, cc ct cn li tt i nhng nu cho thi gian qut nhanh th ta vn thy ging nh cc ct sng ng thi.


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BI 9 LED MA TRN

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Hnh a

Hnh b


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BI 9 LED MA TRN

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D liu cho s 0:X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

sng s 0 trn ma trn Led, ta thc hin qu trnh qut nh sau: Ln 1: Hng = 0100 0001b, ct = 00010000b Ln 2: Hng = 0011 1110b, ct = 0000 1000b Ln 3: Hng = 0011 1110b, ct = 0000 0100b Ln 4: Hng = 0011 1110b, ct = 0000 0010b Ln 5: Hng = 0100 0001b, ct = 0000 0001b


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BI 9 LED MA TRN

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Kt ni phn cng

S kt ni phn cng


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BI 9 LED MA TRN

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IV. TH C HNH

S gii thut hin ch T trn Led ma trn


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BI 9 LED MA TRN

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Bc 1: To d n Thc hin ging bc 1 Bi 1, trang 13 Lu bi tp vi tn D:\\BaitapAVR\Bai9

Bc 2: Gi khi Calculation To cc bin

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Trong ca s Properties: Calculation


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BI 9 LED MA TRN

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Bc 3: Gi vng lp while Bc 4: Gi khi Calculation

Bc 5: Gi vng lp While Nhn 2 ln vo khi While Trong ca s Properties: Loop


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BI 9 LED MA TRN

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o Loop while: dem < 8 o Nhn OK Bc 6: Gi khi Output Nhn 2 ln vo khi Output Trong ca s Properties: Output chn cc thng s Variable or value: count1 Port: Port A Bc 7: Gi khi Output Nhn 2 ln vo khi Output Trong ca s Properties: Output chn cc thng s Variable or value: hthi Port: Port D Bc 8: Gi khi Calculation


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BI 9 LED MA TRN

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Bc 9: Gi khi Delay Nhn 2 ln vo khi Delay Trong ca s Properties: Delay o Delay value or vairable: 2 o Chn milliseconds V. TH NGH IM A. Kt ni phn cng T Bc 1 ti Bc 4 ging Bi 1 Trang 18 Bc 5: Kt ni vi switch

PA

PD

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Kt ni Port D vi khi Led ma Tran 8x8 ti H7H0 (PD0 ni vi H0) Kt ni Port A vi khi Led ma Tran 8x8 ti D7D0 (PA0 ni vi D7) Kt ni hon chnh


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BI 9 LED MA TRN

Ngy: ../../ 200 Kim tra

B. Np chng trnh vo chp Bc 1, 2, 3, 4: Cc bc thc hin ging nh cc bc Bi 1 Trang 21. Bc 5: Np chng trnh Chn file cn nap D:\\BaitapAVR\bai9.hex

Bc 6: Quan st hin tng Quan st ch hin trn Led ma trn Nu hin tng khng ng vi qu trnh m phng th thc hin li tng bc t phn A. CU H I BI TP 1. C th hin th ch c du trn Led ma trn? 2. Vit chng trnh hin th s trn Led ma trn.


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BI 9 LED MA TRN

Ngy: ../../ 200 Kim tra

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BI 10 HIN TH CHUI TDC TRN LED MA TRNI. MC CH -

Ngy: ../../ 200 Kim tra

S dng vi x l ATMEGA8515 giao tip vi Led ma trn.


III. L THUYT Xem li phn l thuyt bi 9

Kt ni phn cng

S kt ni phn cng


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BI 10 HIN TH CHUI TDC TRN LED MA TRNIV. TH C HNH

Ngy: ../../ 200 Kim tra

S gii thut hin chui TDC trn Led ma trn


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BI 10 HIN TH CHUI TDC TRN LED MA TRNBc 1: To d n Thc hin ging bc 1 Bi 1, trang 13 Lu bi tp vi tn D:\\BaitapAVR\Bai10

Ngy: ../../ 200 Kim tra

Bc 2: Gi khi Calculation To cc bin

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Trong ca s Properties: Calculation


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BI 10 HIN TH CHUI TDC TRN LED MA TRN

Ngy: ../../ 200 Kim tra

Bc 3: Gi khi Calculation Trong ca s Properties: Calculation



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Ngy: ../../ 200 Kim tra


Bc 6: Gi vng lp while Bc 7: Gi khi String


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BI 10 HIN TH CHUI TDC TRN LED MA TRNChn vo biu tng

Ngy: ../../ 200 Kim tra

sau ko th vo gia 2 khi While Loop

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Nhn 2 ln vo khi

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Nhn nt la chn cc chc nng ca khi String


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BI 10 HIN TH CHUI TDC TRN LED MA TRN =Thay i gi tr ca bin kiu chui Str1[20] = "Hello " Str2[10] = "World" TestStr[20] TestStr = Str1 + Str2 TestStr by gi c gi tr l "Hello World"

Ngy: ../../ 200 Kim tra

+Cng 2 chui TestStr = Str1 + Str2 TestStr by gi c gi tr l "Hello World" ToString$(value) Thay i bin dng s thnh dng chui TestStr = ToStr$(1234) TestStr c gi tr l "1234" ToUpper$(string) Thay i cc k t thnh ch in hoa. TestStr = ToUpper$(Str1) TestStr by gi c gi tr l "HELLO " ToLower$(string) Thay i cc k t thnh ch thng.


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BI 10 HIN TH CHUI TDC TRN LED MA TRNTestStr = ToLower$(Str1) TestStr by gi c gi tr l "hello " Length$(string)

Ngy: ../../ 200 Kim tra

Tr v di ca mt chui. Gi tr ny khng phi l kch thc ca mt mng RetVal = Length$(Str1) RetVal is now 6 Ghi ch: Kch thc mng Str1 l 20, nhng gi tr hin ti ca mng ch c 6 k t gi tr tr v l 6. Left$(string, size) Ly phn t ca mt mng t pha tri mng ti n phn t cn mun ly. TestStr = Left$(Str1, 3) TestStr by gi c gi tr l "Hel" Right$(string, size) Ly phn t ca mt mng t pha phi mng ti n phn t cn mun ly. TestStr = Right$(Str1, 3) TestStr by gi c gi tr l "lo " Mid$(string, start, size) Ly n phn t v tr m ca mng. TestStr = Mid$(Str1, 2, 3) TestStr by gi c gi tr l "llo"


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BI 10 HIN TH CHUI TDC TRN LED MA TRNCompare$(string1, string2, compare_type)

Ngy: ../../ 200 Kim tra

So snh gia 2 chui. Gi tr tr v l 1 Byte vi kt qu nh sau: 0 = 2 chui tng ng vi nhau 1 = string1>string2 255 = string2>string1 V d: Str1 = "ABC" Str2 = "abc" RetVal = Compare$(Str1, Str2, 0) RetVal c gi tr l 255 (Str2 > Str1) (phn bit ch in hoa v ch thng)

RetVal = Compare$(Str1, Str2, 1) RetVal c gi tr l 0 (khng phn bit ch in hoa v ch thng)

Str2 = Str1 RetVal = Compare$(Str1, Str2, 0) RetVal c gi tr l 0 Bc 8: Gi khi Macro-

Nhn 2 ln vo khi Macro Nhn vo nt to cc Macro (chng trnh con)

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Trong ca s Create a New Macro


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BI 10 HIN TH CHUI TDC TRN LED MA TRN Name of new macro: hienthi Nhn OK Trong ca s Properties: Macro Macro: hienthi Nhn nt vit chng

Ngy: ../../ 200 Kim tra


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Ngy: ../../ 200 Kim tra

dem = 0 dem1 = dem + dich count = 0b00000001 count1 = NOT count hthi = hang[dem1]

count = count

Documents

Tai Lieu Thuc Hanh AVR1