27
The impacts of land uses change on hydrological ecosystem services: communicating facts for sustainable land use Maafaka Ravelona

Talk in ESPA Annual Conference

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: Talk in ESPA Annual Conference

The impacts of land uses change on hydrological ecosystem services: 

communicating facts for sustainable land use 

Maafaka Ravelona

Page 2: Talk in ESPA Annual Conference

Presented by:

Maafaka Ravelona

[email protected]

2

Co‐authors:

Chandra Prasad Ghimire Bob W. ZwartendijkIlja van Meerveld Jaona LahitianaJulia Jones                                              Herintsitohaina Razakamanarivo

Page 3: Talk in ESPA Annual Conference

Presentation Overview

3

1. p4ges project 

2. Context  in Madagascar

3. Hydrological research

4. Engaging the community & policy makers

5. Conclusion 

Page 4: Talk in ESPA Annual Conference

P4ges seeks poverty alleviation through ecosystem services

Biophysical integrated data collection:

Closed canopy forest Tree savoka (Tree fallow) Shrub savoka (Shrurb fallow) Tanymaty (degraded land) (Reforestation)

CC RF SA TM

Hydrology Biodiversity Carbon 

Page 5: Talk in ESPA Annual Conference

Streamflow affects our daily lives low flow periods

5

irrigation

Hydropower

fishingDomestic water use

Page 6: Talk in ESPA Annual Conference

Streamflow affects our daily lives flooding

6

Page 7: Talk in ESPA Annual Conference

Local and regional water resources: Our daily reality

▪ Too much water – flooding and loss of crops

▪ Too little water – not enough water for irrigation and rice production

7

Page 8: Talk in ESPA Annual Conference

Land use affects local and regional water resources

8

What happens here……affects what happens

here

Page 9: Talk in ESPA Annual Conference

P4GES Hydrological Research: Objective▪ To determine hydrological impacts of land‐use changes on dry season flows

Page 10: Talk in ESPA Annual Conference

Hydrological research: Hypotheses1. Land degradation leads to more surface runoff, higher peak 

flows and lower dry season flows2. Reforestation can reverse this trend 

Page 11: Talk in ESPA Annual Conference

Landscape scale measurements▪ Soil properties: texture & structure▪ Soil infiltration rates (at 3 depths)▪ Preferential flow pathways

Page 12: Talk in ESPA Annual Conference

CC

RF

SA

TM

Infiltration results

DLSS/TS

Page 13: Talk in ESPA Annual Conference

Blue dye experiment to determine how water flows into the soil

13

Page 14: Talk in ESPA Annual Conference

Dye experiments

Reforestation

Degraded land

Page 15: Talk in ESPA Annual Conference

Plot scale measurementsThree plots (forest, tree fallow and degraded land):▪ Hydrological fluxes (precipitation, interception, transpiration, surface runoff) 

▪ Changes in soil moisture and groundwater

Page 16: Talk in ESPA Annual Conference

Weather stations Determine evaporation and precipitation rates

16

Rain gauges

Temperature and  relative humidity

Solar panel

Radiation

Data logger

Page 17: Talk in ESPA Annual Conference

Runoff plotsDetermine how much water flows over the surface

17

Page 18: Talk in ESPA Annual Conference

Surface runoff 1 year period: Oct 2014‐Sep 2015

degraded closed canopy forestreforested tree fallow

1650 mm 1630 mm 1750 mm

180 mm 35 mm 25 mm11% 2.1% 2%

Page 19: Talk in ESPA Annual Conference

Additional measurements in forestRainfall measurements under the forest canopyMeasurements of tree water use

19

66‐collectors3‐gutters

Page 20: Talk in ESPA Annual Conference

Throughfall:  Nov 2014‐May 2015

degraded closed canopy forestreforested tree fallow

1650mm 1337mm 1270mm100% 82.3% 73%

1650 mm 1630 mm 1750 mm

102 mm6.3 %

1235 mm76 % 30 mm

2 %

1240 mm71 %

Page 21: Talk in ESPA Annual Conference

Fieldwork summary 

Results suggests that

▪ Infiltration rates are lowest under degraded land and increase after reforestation or natural regeneration to tree fallow

▪ Surface runoff is highest for degraded land and lower for reforestation and forest sites

▪ Differences in interception losses between forest and reforestation sites are small

Page 22: Talk in ESPA Annual Conference

Researcher and local workers explaining their observations

22

Page 23: Talk in ESPA Annual Conference

Engaging the community

‐ Strong partnership with MitsinjoAssociation (facilitated work on 2 field sites owned by the Association)

‐ Capacity building, including training and in field experience

‐ Strong cooperation with local workers‐ Local project ownership, participation, discussion and feedback on results and impacts on livelihoods 

23

Page 24: Talk in ESPA Annual Conference

Engaging the local community

▪ How can we help them make good decisions around land use?

▪ First step: communicating and explaining the project results  

▪ Understanding how results impact their daily life and supporting communication between neighbours▪ Same language▪ Same perception▪ Same status

▪ Encourage feedback to P4ges 

24

Page 25: Talk in ESPA Annual Conference

Engaging policy makers

▪ Events (including field visits) to showcase the measurements and the results

▪ Facilitated national /regional media opportunities

▪ Asked for impressions, feedback and likely land use change scenarios.

25

“This work is extremely interesting and it is so good to visit it and see the equipment in the field. If you just watch a presentation you don’t get the full understanding”  

Dimby Razafimpahanana ‐ Rebioma

“…our wish is that the final report of this project won’t just fill the scientific shelves but will be communicated to the local people and have a real sustainable impact on 

their livelihood, indeed for poverty alleviation”. Former President of Mitsinjo Association.

Page 26: Talk in ESPA Annual Conference

▪ A better understanding of the result stimulates local solutions and empowers communities to make decisions that affect their livelihoods.

▪ Beyond local communities, we need to communicate the research results to policy makers. 

▪ Next step: December 2015 ‐ Restitution led by the local  workers to:

‐ further showcase the results

‐ share knowledge to promote understanding of the effects of land use decision.

26

In conclusion

Page 27: Talk in ESPA Annual Conference

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 

27