TM HIU V CHUN GIAO TIP SATA

Phm Thnh Cng Bi Vn

I.Cu to s lc chun SATA 1.Thit k chun sata Nm 1999, cc cng ty gm APT, Dell, IBM, Intel, Maxtor,

Quantum, Seagate hp tc thit k chun SATA. K t khic gii thiu ln u tin vo nm 2001, chun giao tip SATA (Serial Advanced Technology Attachment) dn thay th giao tip PATA (Parallel ATA) v tr thnh giao tip ch yu cho cc thit b lu tr gn trong my tnh bn cng nh my tnh xch tay. Chun ny gip kt ni bo mch ch vi cc thit b lu tr nh a cng, lu tr th rn (SSD), quang hay cc thit b bng t di ng.

Bng s chn u ni d liu giao tip SATA

Chn 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Chc nng Ni t A+ (truyn d liu) A- (truyn d liu) Ni t B- (nhn d liu) B+ (nhn d liu) Ni t

Chun giao tip SATA s dng cp d liu gm 7 dy dn (3 dy ni t v 4 dy d liu chia thnh 2 cp), c u ni rng 8mm hai u. SATA s dng cu trc im-im (point-to-point) truyn d liu, kt ni trc tip gia chip iu khin v thit b lu tr, nn khng cn cu hnh theo m hnh master/slave phc tp nh giao tip PATA.

Cp SATA thng c chiu di ln n 1m, v mt cp chkt ni trc tip bo mch ch vi mt thit b lu tr duy nht, khng ging nh giao tip PATA, mt cp c th kt ni bo mch ch vi 2 thit b lu tr, s dng cp gm 40 hay 80 dy dn, di gii hn 45cm (hin nay cng c cp PATA di n 90cm)

Chun SATA cng s dng cp ngun khc vi chun u cmngun 4 chn ca Molex tn ti hng chc nm nay. Tng t nh cp d liu, cp ngun SATA cng nh dp, s dng u cm 15 chn v cung cp 3 mc ngun 3,3V, 5V v 12V.

SATA c thit k thay th cho th h HDD giao din ATA hin nay trong khi vn duy tr c giao thc lnh. N l mt kin

trc serial (tun t) mi ngc vi bus a bn trongparallel (song song). Hay c th hn, n l mt lin kt tun t (serial link) mt si cp c ti thiu ch 4 si dy hnh thnh mt

mi kt ni t im ny ti im kia (point-to-point) gia cc thitb.

SATA gom nhiu mu d liu li thnh tng gi v truyn i vi tc cao hn (v l thuyt ti 30 ln) so vi parallel. HDD ATA, chc nng kim tra li CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Checking, kim d vng) ch c thc hin trn cc d liu ang c truyn ti qua li. Cn SATA tch hp CRC trn c hai mc lnh v gi d liu ci thin tnh an ton v n nh ca bus. Vi tc truyn ti d liu ti 150 MB/s (so vi tc cao nht ca HDD ATA hin nay - UltraATA/133 l 133 MB/s), SATA ci thin sc hot ng ca HDD, tng tc ca n ln tng ng vi cc tc ngy cng cao ca cc thit b v phn mm ng dng v m thanh, phim nh,...

Tc truyn ti ca chun Serial ATA l 1.500 Mbps. V n s dng 8B/10B coding mi nhm 8 bit c m ha thnh mt s 10-bit nn tc clock hiu qu ca n l 150 MB/s. Cc thit b Serial ATA chy vi tc chun ny gi l SATA-150. Serial ATA II cung cp mt s tnh nng mi nh Native Command Queuing (NCQ), cng vi tc truyn ti cao hn

300 MB/s. Cc thit b c th hot ng vi tc ny cgi l SATA-300. Chun k tp c pht hnh s lSATA600.

Bn cn phi lu rng SATA II v SATA-300 hon ton khng phi l ng ngha. Mt chun c th xy dng mt thit b ch chy vi tc 150 MB/s nhng li s dng

cc tnh nng mi c cung cp bi SATA II, v d nhNCQ chng hn. Thit b ny s l SATA II, mc d n khng hot ng tc 300 MB/s.Tc cng SATA SATA 1.0: Chun giao tip SATA th h u vi tc truyn 150MB/giy.

SATA 2.0: Chun SATA nng cao, tc truyn 300MB/giy, tng thch ngc SATA 1.0.SATA 3.0: Chun giao tip SATA mi nht vi tc truyn

II. So snh 2 chun kt ni thng dng IDE v SATA1. Cng IDE :

Cng IDE thng thng (hin c tn gi l parallel ATA hoc PATA) thc hin phng thc truyn ti d liu song song. u im ca vic truyn ti song song so vi truyn ti ni tip trong ch trc y l tc cao, cng mt lc bn c th gi i nhiu bit d liu. Tuy nhin im yu chnh ca n li l vn tp m nhiu. Do c nhiu dy dn cng

c s dng (t nht l mt cho mi bit c gi), nn dyny s gy xuyn nhiu sang dy khc

y chnh l l do ti sao ATA-66 v cc a cng cao hn cn n mt loi cp c bit ln n 80 dy. S khc bit gia cp 80 dy v cp 40 dy thng thng l ch

cp 80 dy c cc dy t nm gia cc dy truyn tn hiu,mc ch ca dy t nm gia cc dy truyn tn hiu l gim s xuyn nhiu gia chng. Tc truyn ti d liu

hin hnh i vi chun parallel IDE l 133 MB/s(ATA/133).

2. Cng SATA

Serial ATA l mt cng ngh khc, cho php truyn ti theo ch ni tip. Trc kia chng ta thng cho rng truyn dn ni tp bao gi cng cho tc thp hn truyn dn song song. Tuy nhin vn ny ch ng nu chng ta s dng cng mt tc clock. Trong trng hp ny, truyn dn song song s c tc ti thiu nhanh hn ti 8 ln, v n c kh nng truyn ti thiu 8 bit (mt byte) trong mt chu k, trong khi ch c mt bit c truyn dn trn mt chu k vi truyn dn song song. Tuy vy, nu s dng tc clock cao hn trong khi truyn ti th n c th nhanh hn truyn dn song song. chnh l nhng g m Serial ATA thc hin.

III. Cc loi chun SATA ph bin hin nay 1. Chun giao tip sata 3.0 Ngy 27/5/2009, t chc Serial ATA International

Organization (SATA-IO) chnh thc cng b c t kthut cho chun giao tip SATA phin bn 3.0. So vi SATA 2.0, chun SATA 3.0 c tc nhanh gp i v c

nhng ci tin mi.

Vi bng thng d liu ln n 6Gb/giy (SATA 2.0 l 3Gb/giy), SATA 3.0 gp phn tng hiu nng cho a lu

tr, gim hin tng nghn c chai trong qu trnh truyn\d liu.

u cm SATA left-angle (bn tri) v SATA right-angle

Nh tnh nng tng thch ngc vi cc chun giao tip SATA 1.0 v 2.0, nn cc chun u cm v cp kt

ni hin ang dng cho phin bn SATA 2.0 u sdng c cho SATA 3.0.

iu ny khng nhng gip ngi dng gim thiu chi ph sm cp mi khi nng cp ln SATA 3.0 m cn gip cc hng sn xut duy tr chnh sch u t ca h.

c t SATA 3.0 c nhiu tnh nng ci tin so vi phin bn trc, bao gm:

- Giao thc iu khin dng d liu NCQ mi cho cc ng

dng i hi tc truyn d liu cao nh cc ng dngvideo/audio

- Kh nng qun l NCQ nhm tng hiu nng tng th ca

h thng

SATA 3.0 s dng cng chun cp v u cm 7 chn nh cc

th h SATA trc, so vi cpPATA 40 chn (bn tri)

2. Chun giao tip sata 3.1 T chc quc t Serial ATA (Serial ATA International Organization SATA-IO) va cho ra mt cc thng s k thut ca chun giao tip SATA 3.1 nhm mang n cc hng dn r rng trn tiu chun USM (Universal Storage Module). iu ny s cho php to ra v s dng cc gii php lu tr cable-free dnh cho di ng hay m rng trong in t tiu dng.

3. SATA Express v SSD: Hai chun giao tip SATA mi

T chc quc t Serial ATA (SATA-IO) va cng b 2 chng trnh pht trin chun giao tip SATA mi: SATA

Express v SSD. Trong , SATA Express l chun kt hpcu trc h tng phn mm SATA vi giao din PCI Express (PCIe), v SSD l chun dnh cho vic sn xut h thng

SATA chip n ng dng trong cc gii php lu tr nhng.C hai chun mi ny s h tr mt cch ton din t cc loi thit b di ng cho n cc dng PC cao cp v my ch.

c t SSD s cung cp mt chun giao tip in SATA ng dng trong cc thit b dng chip dn (BGA). Hin ti, kt ni b iu khin SATA vi thit b dng giao tip SATA (bt k l SATA thng hay micro SATA hoc mini SATA), chng ta u phi dng n mt u ni vt l, cha k u ni cn c kch c kh ln na. Nhng vi chun

SSD, giao tip SATA gi y s nm trong chn pinout cachip dn BGA trn bo mch ch, v khng cn dng n u ni ngoi na, v d ch cn cm thng SSD vo b iu

khin SATA l xong.

ATA Express c thit k sao cho va gi nguyn chun SATA trong khi cho php gia tng hiu nng hot ng ca cc SSD. SandForce phi mt c mt nm trn mi cho ra

c mt b iu khin c th tng thch c giao tipSATA tc 6Gb/s. Nhiu cng ty phi bin PCI Express thnh gii php cung ng nhiu bng thng hn so vi bng

thng truyn ti ca mt cng SAS/SATA n. SATAExpress ra i l gii quyt vn ny.