VISUS

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    Sense organs: organon

    visus

    Dr. Santosa Budiharjo, Mkes.,

    PA(K)

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    Organon visus

    Orbita: piraida epat sisi!basis"aditus orbita! #ana$is opti#us"ape%

    &si orbita: g$andu$a $a#ria$is, bu$buso#u$i, us#u$i bu$bi, #orpus adiposuorbitae, arteri, vena dan nervi

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    'he visua$ e$d is the area o spa#e in

    *hi#h a$$ obje#ts are visib$e siu$taneous$+

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    'he visua$ e$d is the area o spa#e in *hi#h a$$obje#ts are visib$e siu$taneous$+

    &n #oon ters, the visua$ e$d is the area operiphera$ or side vision, a$though the obje#t thatis being %ated is a$so *ithin the visua$ e$d.

    'he visua$ e$d is sho*n as an area dra*n on aat sura#e, *ith the boundar+ o the area being

    the arthest position that the person #an dete#t agiven obje#t in an+ dire#tion (- bino#u$ar p$ot). /o*ever, the 0true0 visua$ e$d is a#tua$$+ a 1

    diensiona$ spa#e, #on#eptua$i2ed as a ha$"sphere *ith an e3ua$ radius ro e+e to an+ pointon the sura#e o the sphere.

    'his #auses #ertain distortions o s#a$e just $ikethe distortions #aused b+ proje#tions ogeograph+ on aps.

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    4ision is generated b+ photore#eptors in theretina, a $a+er o #e$$s at the ba#k o the e+e.

    'he inoration $eaves the e+e b+ *a+ o theoptic nerve, and there is a partia$ #rossing oa%ons at the optic chiasm.

    Ater the #hias, the a%ons are #a$$ed the optic

    tract. 'he opti# tra#t *raps around the idbrain to get

    to the lateral geniculate nucleus(567), *herea$$ the a%ons ust s+napse.

    8ro there, the 567 a%ons an out through the

    deep *hite atter o the brain as the opticradiations, *hi#h *i$$ u$tiate$+ trave$ toprimary visual cortex, at the ba#k o the brain.

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    absolute hemianopia blindness to light, color, and form in half ofthe visual field.

    bilateral hemianopia hemianopia affecting both eyes. binasal hemianopia that in which the defect is in the nasal half of

    the visual field in each eye.

    binocular hemianopia bilateral h.

    bitemporal hemianopia that in which the defect is in the temporalhalf of the visual field in each eye.

    complete hemianopia that affecting an entire half of the visualfield in each eye.

    congruous hemianopia that in which the defect is approximatelythe same in each eye.

    crossed hemianopia heteronymous h.

    heteronymous hemianopia that affecting both nasal or bothtemporal halves of the field of vision.

    homonymous hemianopia that affecting the nasal half of the fieldof vision of one eye and the temporal half of the other.

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    strabisus

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    $agoptha$us

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    ptosis

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    A stye (Lat. hordeolum= barleycorn) is a red,tender, painful, or itchy red bump, resembling

    a pimple, occurring on the eyelash. It represents an infection (usually by bacterium

    Staphylococcus aureus) of an oil gland attachedto the hair follicle

    hala!ion is a bump on the eyelid that leads toobstruction in seeing things clearly.

    It affects the eyelid glands "nown as #eibomian$lands.

    hala!ion is "nown by many other names li"eon%unctival $ranuloma, &arsal yst and#eibomian yst.

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    #onju#tivitis

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    pter+geu