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[email protected] 11
. -
: 1 - . - ( /, ). . - , , , - , , .
- (, , ), ( [Ernst Theodor Wilhelm Hoffmann], [Lewis Carroll],
[John Ronald Reuel Tolkien], [Neil Richard Gaiman], [Joanne
Rowling], [Eoin Colfer], , [Diana Wynne Jones] .). , -.
: , , , , , , -, , .
2 ( ), , , , - , . , -
1 ( 178005), , - . , - , - .
2 (2003), (2005), (2013), . (2012) (2012) - (2013).
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12
: - - - .
[Tzvetan Todorov] , - , .3 - , , . , / -, , , //, Cyberpunk,
Dark fantasy, Distopija, Heroic Fantasy, Hight fantasy, Pulp, Space
fantasy, ? - : - ? - -, , -, -. , - .4
, , - 5 , - , .6 , - , -
3 [...] [...] - (Todorov 1987: 9. . 1985: 8796).
: - () , , - [...], (Nikolajeva 2003: 138. . . . . Attebery
2004).
4 , ( - , ), , , [...] (Petrovi 1972: 235) , , .
5 . 6 , , , - [Anne-
Kathrin Hfel], (Hfel 2014).
-
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13
, , - , -, .
, , , , 7, , , . (Primary World / Secondary World), - (Tolkien
1947), , , - . , , : , , , - .
, , - . . - , , : , , -, , , , , , , , , , , , , , 8, -9 , , , -
.
, , , , , . [ ] : , -, , , -
7 , , , , (Carter 1973: 67. . . . . Ionoaia b.g.).
8 (Petrovi 2005: 35); - (Petrovi 2005: 39).
9 [...] (Petrovi 2005: 30).
-
- . ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 1134
14
. , - , - , .10
, . - , - , , - 11 , . , - , - .
, , , . , - , , - . , - , , , . , ( 2013: 17) -, , : , - , , . -
- .
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10 , .
11 () - ( 2013: 3), , , , .
12 , , , , , , .
-
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15
, , , , , , . , , - ,13 , - . , , , , , - , , (Tolkin 1981),
(Tolkin 1998).
- ,14 , . - : , , , , , , , , , , , , ,
, - : , , , -, : , , . , , / : 15 - , , 16 - , , - ,
13 ,
( 2012: 11). 14 . , -
, , ... (Petrovi 2005: 5. - . . .).
15 (Gymnocladus canadensis Lam.) , (Petrovi 2013: 14), - []
(Petrovi 2013: 13).
16 , . , , (Petrovi 2013: 13).
-
- . ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 1134
16
,17 , , - .18 - - : - , , , - .
, , - , - (Lotman 1976: 288). . - , , . - ,19 . -,20 , - ,21
.
, , , . -, , , -
17 : 2012; 2011; 2005. 18 , / -
. (. Peikan-Ljutanovi 2013: 157).
19 (Gejmen 2009. . - 2010: 1016).
20 : , . -/ () 40 . , , , (: 348). (, ), , (: 301). , , , , - (:
157).
21 ea (eea, a, jaa) o oo, oe a e oo oo ea (ajao 1994: 517).
-
- . ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 1134
17
. , , - : . . - , . , , ( 2013: 153).
, : , , , , . - . , , , .
, - : , , - , , , 22, , , . , . (2003), , - . - , , . , , - , ,
(. 1965).
, , . , , ,23 , , , , , . , , ( , , ). , -
22 , - , ( 2012. 2012).
23 , , .
-
- . ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 1134
18
, , 24 - . . , - (2009) (2010) , , . , - .
, - , - : ,25 - , , , , , -,26 .27 ,28 ,29 (30, 31, 32,
24 , , -
. 25 . 26 A (Carroll 1964: 7).
, . - , : - , .
27 A ( 1964), (2003) .
28 , , , , , - , . , , , , . [Jonathan Stroud] (2007, 2008,
2009).
29 , , (2004, 2007, 2009, 2010).
30 , ( 1985). 31 Kada je Lewis Carrollova Alice skoila s onu
stranu ogledala, onda taj skok nije bio uprili-
en tek tako, poradi spisateljskog hira ili zbog bezobzirne
eksploatacije slobode koju prua pjesniki govor osloboen gravitacije
socijalne i psiholoke kauzalnosti u glatkoj povrini ogledala sjala
je tajna dimenzija jednog ne-prostora i jednog ne-vremena to ih je
mogla osvojiti rije, ona ista rije koja ih je i stvorila (Donat
1975: 22).
32 - , , , (Trebjeanin 2008: 453454) - (: 9798; 2005: 182; 1982:
68). , . , (Vin Douns 2008) , , -.
-
- . ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 1134
19
33, 34, 35) , , , , , - , , .
/, -. , -, -; , (Gejmen 2003), , . , - ( , , , ); - , , . (2005)
, , . , , , , , , ( 2005: 189). , , . - : , , . , , ! (Kerol 1964:
150). , - ?, : : (Kerol 1964: 151. . .) - , ( 1965). , . , , , ,
-
33 -, ( 2013: 7778). , , , , , .
34 , , , . - . , : , ( : Luis 2008).
35 ( - ) : -, , .
-
- . ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 1134
20
, - (Hofman 1958: 8283).
36 (, - , ), 37, 38, 39 - . [Philip Pullman] (Pulman 2002), , ,
, ( 2003: 138156)40, -, : [], , . , , (Vin Douns 2009: 107).41 o,42
. - , - (Vin Douns 2008; Vin Douns 2009); (Vin Douns 2009) (Vin
Do-uns 2010) , , . -, (Vin Douns 2008; Vin Douns 2009), , (Vin
Douns 2008), - (Vin Douns 2010).
, - -. , , , , , , : [] a ea oja oaea eee a e (e) e-e (oo, e, a)
a
36 ..., . 37 , ,
, , , - , .
38 . 39 . 40 (Niko-
lajeva 2003: 144. . . .). 41 -
(Nikolajeva 2003: 140. . . .) 42 ,
, (. Vin Do-uns 2009).
-
- . ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 1134
21
o, eoaa a a ea: oe eaaa a (, oe), oeje ooe (e, ae) aa e e o je
oe eo, o (e, a) eaaa a (, oe), oeje e aa e aa e o je oe eo (Lotman
1976: 310). - - , , -. , - , , , , , , , (Tolkin 1981/III: 344)
.43
, , . , , - , .44 , , , -, . , , , , . , , , -, , . , , - , , ,
. , - , , .45 , , , -
43 , , . , , : , , (Tolkin 1981/III: 400).
44 ( , ) , : eja aa oeja; aa eea a aoo eaj oo; ooa, eaa oeaa a o
e oj je a aa; aeae aaae o, ooo e a a jea oee e, e eao oae ea (Gordi
2000: 610). - ... ( 2011), .
45 , , , , , - , , , , , (. Stjuart Doins 2011).
-
- . ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 1134
22
. , - , .
(Nikolajeva 2003: 142), , , . : . - , , , - , (. 1972: 262296.
404410). (Jolles 1978: 155175), , , . , - , (Jolles 1978: 173),46 ,
- (Jolles 1978: 173).
( -) , - . , , , , , , . 47 , -, ( ), , -, , . , -, , , , - ,
.
, - . 48 , -
46 , / /. 47 , (. Peikan-Ljutanovi 2013: 415428),
, . , .
48 570 230 , ( 2: 918).
-
- . ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 1134
23
, , , , ( 1986/1: 533). , , - , - , , , .49 - , , , - , (- 2012:
113). . - -, . - . , , , , - , . , , - , , , , .
, , , , , - , , , -/ , .50 : , , - , - , , . -
49 ,
[...]; () , , , ( 1986/2: 918).
50 / . / , - (Stableford 2005: 126. . . .).
-
- . ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 1134
24
, , , , -.51
- . , ( 2012: 15). , , , , - . , - , , , -: . - (- 2012: 52). -
, , , .
-: , , , . , , , - . , , , , , 52, , , - . - , , - , - . , . - (
) . - () (Vukievi 2013: 3).
51 ,
, , , , , , , , .
52 (Vukievi 2013), , A [H. Porter Abbott] , , , [...] , (Porter
Abot 2009: 64).
-
- . ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 1134
25
, 53, , , . , -, : , , ! (Petrovi 2013: 53), , , ( ) , , (:
279). , , , , , .54 , . .55 -, , , , . - , , .56 , - , , , - -
.
, - , (MM I: 398406. 406408), (. 2008: 278279) ( 2008: 730731;
2013: 6584). -, , .57 , , -
53 : 2008: 297301, 778781; : 6162. 54 , 2008: 3839, 240245,
555557, 666669, 671672;
1989. 55 (: . 16), -
, . 56 . 57 -
, ( 2013: 409).
-
- . ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 1134
26
, , , - .
, , - , , , , - , - (Computergamisation Hfel 2014: 147149) - . .
, - . , : , . , , , ,58 - - ,59 - . -: . , - .60 , , , - .
, , - , , . - . - , , , - . , , , , , - , , .
58 : , ... ( 2008: 278).
59 . 60 , -
, -,
-
- . ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 1134
27
-, , - .61 ,62 . ,63 - , , - ( 2005: XXXII).
- , , , , , - , , , - . , - , - . , , -, , , , , . , , , . , , ,
, , , - , ( 2005: XXXXI). ,
61 , - ( 2005: 16), : (-), ( ) (), ( 2005: 15). - ( 2005:
IXXXX). , , - ( 2005: 16).
62 [...] [] - ( 2005: 6).
63 , , - ( 2005: 31).
-
- . ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 1134
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( / ), - (. Prop 1990), . . - , -. , , - , , , , , - (Prop 1990:
6075). , , , - .
, , - . , ; , ( ), . . -, , . , , A, - , , , , - .64
, . , , -65: , , , ; - ; ; . ; , - -.
64 o , , o o o o ? o o o o . o o . oo.
oo o o. o o. o O. o o (Gejmen 2009: 226). 65 , ,
( , ).
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, - , 66: , , , , - . A , - , , , - , , (Peikan-Ljutanovi 2013:
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, - , : -, , . - , . , , , , , , . , - , . , , , , , . -, ( , )
-. .
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34
Ljiljana Z. Pesikan- Ljustanovi University of Novi Sad Faculty
of Philology Serbian Literature Department
THE NOTION OF SPACE IN FANTASY NOVELS FOR CHILDREN- AN OUTLINE
OF TYPOLOGY IN EXAMPLES FROM CONTEMPORARY SERBIAN PROSE
Summary: In this paper, the author tries to outline the possible
typology of space in the contemporary Serbian fantasy novel for
children. The basis of distinguishment is the realistically
possible space and the diverse forms of the utopian or dystopian
space in which the characters enter (the primary and the secondary
world/ worlds, heterotopy). Attention is paid to the methods used
to unusualise and change that realistically possible space, as well
as to its relation with the type and nature of the characters that
inhabit or enter it, and to the occurrences in it. The paper also
examines how much does the space itself embody the characters inner
dilemmas, fears, expecta-tions, survivals and his picture of the
world. Further on, the role which the boundaries have in the
shaping of the space as well as in the accomplishment of the total
telos of the work have also been examined.
The basic structure of the research is represented in the
contemporary Serbian fantasy prose for children (Petrovic,
Todorovic, Nesic), viewed through historical and actual context of
foreign fantasy novels for children (Ernst Theodor Wilhelm
Hoffmann, Lewis Carroll, John Ronald Reuel Tolkien, Neil Richard
Gaiman, Joanne Rowling, Eoin Colfer, dorovski, Diana Wynne Jones
and others). Namely, those are the works of high literary value,
not highly commer-cial franchises.
Key words: fantasy, wondrous, weird, space, heterotopy, utopia,
dystopia, boundary, chronotope.
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., , . , . 18, 2014, . 3547
[email protected] 35
: XXI , .
-, , , . , , , - .
: , , , .
. , -, : ; XX - ; .1
, XIX . , . XX - , . , - . - , , . - , , . - ,
1 : (2010):
, : .
-
., , . , . 18, 2014, . 3547
36
. - .
, , . - , . , - , , , - - . , , - - .
(19411945) , , . 1944. , , : (1953) , (1957) ; - (1956) (1964) ;
- (1957), (1961) - (1963); (1961) (1964) ; (1956) (1958) ; (1962)
-; (1964) a , (1967) ; (1978) (1987) .
, . , - , - , . - . - , , , , , - . - . , , - .
(18421932), (1892) - (1899), (1896) . - , -
-
., , . , . 18, 2014, . 3547
37
-. ( 1967: 380). , , , , .
- : (1960), (1963), (1966), (1975) ., , . - , - - -, , , , - . -
, -.
(1939) . - (, , , , , ) (1986), (1990), (1993).
(1952) (2003) , - , -, , , . , , , . a , - , . , - , .
(1920) (1961) (1964). - - , . , - - .
-
., , . , . 18, 2014, . 3547
38
. , , . , , -. - - .
(1962) . , , , - . , .
(19271988) - : (1964), (1967), , (1967).
- , . , -, , . , . . , - , -, - . . . , - . - . , . , , . . - ,
,
-
., , . , . 18, 2014, . 3547
39
, .
- . - , - , . , , .
, (19351996) , (1978) (1987) , , . , , - , - . -, , , , - .
- ; , . , , . - - , , - - . , - , , - .
, -, , , , , , , , , . -. , , . -, , - , , , . -
-
., , . , . 18, 2014, . 3547
40
, . - , , - . , , .
, . - , , . , , , , , . , -, . - , - . - , , -. , -, .
, (1926) (1954). : (1955), (1956), (1958), (1973), (1978) :
(1978), (1956), (1962) (1966).
. - , , , . , -, , , . - , . - -, , . , , , -
-
., , . , . 18, 2014, . 3547
41
. , .
- . , , - . , . , - .
- . - . , , . : - (1958), (1963) (1991). - , , . , -, . , , . ,
-, . , , , . , , . - , . . .
(19421995) , - - , . -, , . , -, - . -
-
., , . , . 18, 2014, . 3547
42
, , . - .
(19051998) : IV ! (1938), (1946) (1948). , , . - , - , , -. , .
.
, , (19291986) , , . , , - (1968) (1974). - - . - , , - . , . ,
- , .
. , - -. - , . , - . ( ) , . ( ), ( ) . ( ) ,
-
., , . , . 18, 2014, . 3547
43
-.
(1939) , - . , - . ; , - . , , . ? - . , -? , , ? - , - . , , -,
- .
(1943) - . (1983). , ( 2004: 29). - , - .2 , - . . . , ( 2001:
25). - . . , . , -
2 ,
( 2004: 29).
-
., , . , . 18, 2014, . 3547
44
- .
(1954) : (1997), (2001), (2006), (2012). , , , . , , - , - . ,
.
(1967) : (2003), (2007), (2011), - (2013).
, , , - . , - I . .
(1958) , (2003) (2007). , . , , : ? ( 2004: 80). , . , , . , -,
, ( 2008: 106).
, , - , - . , - , a -. .
-
., , . , . 18, 2014, . 3547
45
, , . - , - . , - , - , .
. - . - . , , - , ( 2008: 519).
- , , . . - , - .
o - . .
, , . - -, . . - , .
(1958), - . , , , -
-
., , . , . 18, 2014, . 3547
46
- , . - , - . , - . , - , , .
(1920) - , , . , - , . . , , . - . - (1967), , . , - . - (1976).
, - 2495. , , - . - - , -.
? . ? ! , - , . - . , , - .
-
., , . , . 18, 2014, . 3547
47
(2008): , , , XXXIV, . 3,
: . (2004): , -, -
, . 34, : . , . (1973): . , , :
. (2010): ,
, : . (2014): , ,
: Bookland. (1997): , , : . (2008): , , :
. (2004): , -
, , . 34, : . (1967): , , : . (2001): , , ,
XXXII, . 12, : , 4952.
Miomir Milinkovi Faculty of Education in Uzice University of
Kragujevac
CONTEMPORARY SERBIAN NOVEL FOR CHILDREN AND YOUTH
Summary: Serbian literature for children and youth in the 21st
century is developing in genre, style and structure, in several
coordinate levels.
The paper follows and marks the specificities of development of
the contemporary novel for children and youth, above all, its motif
structure, style and language, composition and the manner of
artistic shaping. The fundamental questions to which the author
tries to find the answer are the following: what does exactly
affect the form and content of the contemporary novel- the dynamics
of the urban lifestyle, the preferences and affinities of the
little reader, the influences of foreign literatures or the efforts
of the writers in achieving a new Romanesque profile.
Key words: literature, novel, style and language, thematic and
aesthetic structure.
-
. ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 4959
[email protected] 49
.
: , , . ; - . -, , , - , . - , .
: , , , - , ,
1.
, .
, , , (, , -, , .), , -, . - , , , , - , ( 1990: 206). , - -
-
. ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 4959
50
( , , , , ).
, - , - , - - , . - - , , , , , , . , , - , . , , - , . , .
. .
, . , - , .
, , - , , - . - , , , , . -, , , , .
- , - , .
-
. ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 4959
51
, . - , , -.
- . , - (. - - , - ). - - , , .
, - - , . . - , , - - . , , , - : , ; ; , -.
2. ,
, , - , - , , - .
-
. ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 4959
52
, .
, , , - (2012) - . - ( , ) , , , - . , ( ) . : - , , : , -. (-,
2012: 6), : , ?!
, , . - , .
, - . , . , , , .
, , -: , - , . - , , -. -, , , . (-, 2012: 37) , , , .
-
. ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 4959
53
- , . - . , . , - a - , - . , , - .
, , - :
- ;
, ;
-, ;
( ) ;
;
(. , .) . ( 2011: 164)
( ), : -. , - , . , - .
3. (2005: 52),
. - ,
-
. ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 4959
54
, , , - , 20 30 . - , -, .
- . , , -, - . - ( , , , . ). , - .
, - , , . , . . , - -, , . ( : - 2014).
( , . -) , , . , , . -
-
. ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 4959
55
( ) . ( : , 2011: 140141; 172173).
- . - ( , ) -. , - , - .
, , - . , .
( ). -, , , . - - , , , - - . ( 2011: 168).
: , - , - ( , ), , , - , , - .
- , . - , , , . - . , -
-
. ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 4959
56
, -. , , - , , . - , , , , , , - , . ( - : 2006: 261271).
( ) , .
4.
, . , (-, ) , ; , : , , , -, . , -. , . , , - , ; , . , - .
, . . - , , , , -.
-
. ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 4959
57
- . , , , .
, , , , -, , , , , -, , .
: -, . . . - , /, - . , / - . . . - . , . - .
, , - . , -, -. , : , , . -. , - . - . - , , -, . , . .
-
. ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 4959
58
5. , -
, - , , , .
- , , . : - , .
, - .
, -.
, (2011): , 8. ,
: . (1990): Pavle Ili, Nastava srpskohrvatskog jezika i
knjievnosti pred izazovima vremena,
Novi Sad: Dnevnik. (2011): , , :
. (2006): , , -
: . -, (2012): - ,
, , : . (2014): , :
, : Klett. (2005): Dragutin Rosandi, Metodika knjievnoga odgoja,
Zagreb: kolska knjiga.
-
. ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 4959
59
Zona V. Mrkalj University of Belgrade Faculty of Philology
Department of Serbian Literature with South-Slavic Literature
A SECTION AS AN INDEPENDENT TEXT IN TEACHING THE INTERPRETATION
OF A LITERARY ARTISTIC PIECE
Summary: Most of the reading material which is planned for the
curriculum in primary schools is read and interpreted on the level
of an excerpt. The aim of this study is to determine the role of
this excerpt in teaching Serbian language and literature; to
determine the special features of interpretation of the excerpt in
relation to the complete text and explain the need for
reintroduction of domestic literature reading material to school
programs. This paper discusses the numerous problems associated
with the selection of the appropriate section which is processed in
teaching, the interpretation of the excerpt, its captioning, genre
affiliation and understanding of the concep-tual layers of text in
that particular part, outside the wider context. By discovering
many important values of the artistic text, linking all the layers
of a literary work, merging analytical and synthetic approaches to
interpretation, students discover the opportunity to experience art
as a whole, to feel its beauty and value, although their
experiences and thoughts are oriented towards the selected excerpt
of the literary work.
A student who is properly prepared for the interpretation of an
excerpt from a literary work will be able to interpret any other
segment of the same work, if in a situation where he might be asked
about it, or if his understanding of the selected text is examined.
This also fulfills one of the main goals of Serbian language and
literature studies: training students for independent reading,
experiencing and interpreting of the literary artistic text.
By enabling the student to interpret excerpts of literary and
artistic texts, the student is en-couraged to read with
understanding and to interpret excerpts of other types of texts
encountered during the studies of Serbian language and literature.
Working on sections of different types of texts contributes to the
acquisition, consolidation and upgrading of oral and written
competence of students of all ages.
Key words: excerpt, unique text, teaching interpretation,
artistic literature, reading, school programs, students
competences.
-
., , . , . 18, 2014, . 6169
61
: . - . 1 - - . , .
: , , , , . -
. , . . , , , , , . , . , - , . , , - 1949. - , , - : - , , , -
, , , - , . : , ;
1 178021 , , , .
-
., , . , . 18, 2014, . 6169
62
. , - . , , , - . , - ! ( 1999: 676, 678). , , - , - , , . , .
1949. ; , - . .
- -. , - , . , , - , , : , , , , , , ( , , 31). , : , , - , , -
( , -, 33).2 : , , . , ( , , 72). : , , , - , , - . , ,
2 . ; , . - (2013).
-
., , . , . 18, 2014, . 6169
63
, , , ( , , 189). .
. , , , . - , , , , ( 364). . . . 1964. , , , ( 369), 1969. : -
, , , , , ( 372). , - - , - . , - , .
, -, . . - : , .
, - , - . - ; , . - . , .
, . , :
-
., , . , . 18, 2014, . 6169
64
, , - :
, , ! : ? , ! ,
! - , , -? , ? , , , , , ! - , - . (6768). -
: , .
, , - .
. - , , , , .
[]
1. , : ! (, 14).
2. , , , , , - (, 88).
. - .
, . - .
, , . . - .
-
., , . , . 18, 2014, . 6169
65
[1] 1. , , -
, (74).
2. , , -. (227).
, . . , .
, , - . . - - . , - () . .
- . , . , , , . . - , . - , -: , . , , - - - , () ( 2003: 146),
-, , (- 2003: 147). , . , , . , (-
-
., , . , . 18, 2014, . 6169
66
2003: 151). .
[2] 1. , ,
, : , , ! (, 133). 2. , , ,
, (, 133). 3. ,
(-, 212).
4. , , , , (-, 22).
, . , (. - 2003: 149). - . - .
, , . .: , .
. [3]
1. ! ( , 282).
2. , , , ( , 239).
3. , , , ( , 284). ,
(- 2003: 161): , - . , , , , -
-
., , . , . 18, 2014, . 6169
67
, , ( 2003: 161) . - : .
- . :
[4]
1. , , , , , (, 77).
2. , , , (, 131). 3. , , (
, 237). 4.
, - ( , 248).
5. , , , ( , 250). -
, (1982), - . , , , .
: [5]
1. , - ( , 256).
2. , : , ( , 241).
3. , , ( , 268).
4. , ( , 215).
5. , ( , 239).
6. , - ( ). .
. , - (-
-
., , . , . 18, 2014, . 6169
68
1982, 2001, 2003), : , , , . .
. , , , . ( ) , ( 2001: 139). , , - , . ( 2012), -. ( ).
, -, . - - . : . .
, , 13, , ,
1983. , , 13, ,
, 1983.
(1999): , , -
, : . (2001): Ivana Antoni, Vremenska reenica, Sremski Krlovci
Novi Sad: Izdavaka
knjiarnica Zorana Stojanovia. (2003): ,
, , : , 141174.
(2009): , , , : , 6386.
-
., , . , . 18, 2014, . 6169
69
(1982): , -/ , - 2223, , 465478.
(2012): , , ,
, , : , 157165. (2013): , - , -
(. ), - , 153179.
.
: XX . , , . . , , , , , .
: , , , , .
-
71
II -
-
72
-
. ., . ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 7386
[email protected] 73
. .
: 1 , - , - . , , .
: , , , , , , , , .
1. - 1. ( 1911,
1966)2 - ; ( 2008: 375). 3. , ( 2008: 379380), , , , . - . , - ,
. , .
2. - ( 1960: 63) -; , , , . , ()
1 178014 , .
2 2008: 178. 3 2008: 374. ,
1981.
-
. ., . ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 7386
74
, , - , , , . : , , .
3. - . , , . , , ( 1971: XVI). , , - , , , , , , , ( 2001:
180).
) , - . , . , , , , . .
) , , - , -.
4. , . , , -.
2. 1. , -
, . - , , , - :
-
. ., . ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 7386
75
: , , : ! , . , , . .
- -. . , , , - .
2. . . . , - : , - -.
) , , :
, . .
, - 4. 5 , -.
) , , .
1) - , :
4 , - .
5 : , / / , / / .
-
. ., . ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 7386
76
.
2) . ( ), ( -). , -, :
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- , , ( ), - ( ):
3) , , -, - :
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, , .
4) , - . , :
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( 2008: 376), ,
-
. ., . ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 7386
77
, . , , -, , - . , - . . : . , , . , - , , .
3. - .
, , , , , , , !
, , , , , , , . . , : . : , / , / . , .
, .
4. - . , .
) :
: .
-
. ., . ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 7386
78
) , - , - , , , .
, , , , ,
, - , . , - 6 ( ), - ( , / / ). - , , . : ( , / ).
) -, , . .
!
5. , - , , -. , , :
: . . : . .
6 . 2010.
-
. ., . ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 7386
79
, . , . - , - , -, , - .
- . , - . , , 7.
6. - .
) - - :
, , , , , .
( ) - - . , ( : - ), - ( / ).
( ), .
) , - . , , , - 8 :
, ,
7 . : , -
. 8
, .
-
. ., . ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 7386
80
, : , , : , .
. , : / .
) , . , - .
, . : , .
7. , - . , . .
) :
. .
, , . - , .
-
. ., . ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 7386
81
. -, .
) :
. , .
, , . ( 2002: 54), .
) , , :
, : , ! !
- . , - ().
) , - , , , , , :
, , : , !
-
. ., . ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 7386
82
, . , . . , - , .: , / , / / 9. , , , - : !
8. - -:
. , , .
, -. , - -: : / . , , - . , - .
9. - , . , , , . . , . ( , .), , . -
9 , , -
, . .
-
. ., . ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 7386
83
, , .
) : ? ? , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,
, / , . . , : , - ( , , ).
) , , :
, .
- / . - -, tertium komparationis, -. , -, , .
-
. ., . ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 7386
84
10. . , :
, , ? , , , ? , , , , , , , , , , , , , ! ,
.
11. , . , - , , -, :
, . . . : . , . . , . . . . .
, . .
. - , ( ) , , : , , - . , -, , -
-
. ., . ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 7386
85
( , , .). ( -) ( ) , .
3. 1. -
, . - .
) , , , . , , .
) , - , -, , - , , , .
2. , .
(1961): , , : .
(2008): , : . - (1981): -, , . (2002): Georges Molini,
Stilistika, Zagreb: Ceres. (2008): , , :
. (1971): , , 13. ., : . (2001): , , : 1, -
: . (2001): , , : . (2010): , , : .
-
. ., . ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 7386
86
(1960): , , : 1961: 6364.
Radoje D. Simi Jelena R. Jovanovic Simi University of Belgrade
Faculty of Philology Serbian Language with South- Slavic Languages
Department
GRIGOR VITEZ- CHILDRENS POET
Summary: Grigor Vitez, a gifted poet with an extraordinary
sensibility for nature and rural atmosphere, has an important
position in the Croatian as well as the Serbian literature for
children. He is very adept at discovering and presenting human
characters. His humour, his picture and his laughter are very close
to the childrens notion of the world, and their roots are in the
folk litera-ture.
Key words: poem, poetry, poem for children, humour, figure,
metaphore, metre, trochee, iamb.
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. ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 87107
[email protected] 87
M. -
: 1 , , . . -. , - . , , - , -, , , , . - , . - .
: . . , , , , , , -
. , , , - . , - - (19561957, . 45). - . 247 . [] 10. 1873, , . -
31. 1889. , . -, ,
1 178014: -, , - .
-
. ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 87107
88
12 . X , 1934. . , , -; (. . , 483484).
247 , 112 . . , X , # : , , . . [ , - , ], , , , . . - , . , -
(. . , 383485).
, , 89 1982. , (. . ), . , ( ) - . , , . . , , , - ( , , ) - . -
( 1982:112113).
- / . - (. . ) - (. . ), , . - . , - -
-
. ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 87107
89
, - - .
, , : .
, , , . , - (2007: 768) : , . 1.. , - , , ; ; . . -, , ; , - ; ,
.: ~ ; ~ -. - . . (2008: 815): (. nif . nativus -, ) , , , .
. : , , , . , , () . - . (, 2004) : - (naiv), . nativus, , . naf
18. .; , , , , ; - . . [] , , , - , ( ). (, 2004: 360)2.
. : (. . nativus ), -, , . (Schillerru) . - -. , ( 1989:
221).
2 , . . .
-
. ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 87107
90
() , () , - - ; . - , - . , - , , , , , .
. , , . , - , . , , -, , , , - , , , - ( 1998: 160). , . (
1998:160).
, , . , - . - .
, . 3, , , - . - , .
3
( ) ( 1989: 25).
-
. ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 87107
91
( 2007: 1314), : 1) (, , , ): - , - - ; 2) - ( , ): , , 3) (
1750, , , ): -. , , - ( 2007: 1314) , - () ( 2010: 4647). , . (
2000: 62). . - , , , , , ( 1995: 8485). , , ( 2012: 182).
- -, - -. -, () . - , ( 1995: 9, 11), . - , . , - , . , - - - .
, , , :
-
. ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 87107
92
. . , , , , . - , : ( 2003), ( 2012), ( 2008), ( 2013). - - , .
, , , . , , . - . - , , , , - ( 1999: 1213).
- , . ( ) , . , , - ; . - , -, . , -, , - -. - , , , (. 1998:
137193). . , ,
-
. ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 87107
93
, , - .
*
. - , , , , , , , - , - , , - . : - , , + .
. , , , - - , , (, 2008: 163).
- , :
1)
, . , , , , .
(. . , 270:14)4. * . ,
. : ? , . : : . , :
.
4 . . (. . ) -
, .
-
. ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 87107
94
( , , .) [= ]
(. . , 278:41; . . , 79). * , .
, . , . : .
: . : , , , ,
? (. . , 294:93; . . : 90)5.
* : , , ,
. ( ): , .
(. . : 37). * . -
, , : , . ? . ,
. : -, . ? .
(. . , 288:72).
,
. - (.: ), - , : (.: ). - , -,
5 , , . . .
-
. ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 87107
95
, - () - : .
-, . , . , - , . ( 1982:19), () - . - -, - (.: , ), , (.: = : =
). - , (nomina agentis): = ; = . , , .
, - , - . - (- 1998: 146), , , . - , , , - .
, , ( . 1998:163), :
2)
, , . - . . , , , :
. , , .
-
. ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 87107
96
, , :
, ? , , .
(. . , 70). * . -
. . ,
. ( , , , ).
, , : , , ?
, : . (. . , 270:16).
* ; . -
. ? .
(. . , 292:86). * . ,
. ? . : ,
. : , ! ,
. (. . , 72).
, , . , . (), ( : () = (), -; = , = - ), (() = , , ; = , ; = ,
), , , - .
. . , ,
-
. ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 87107
97
. , . , - . - , , - , , : - ( ) - ( ), - :
2)
. -. : , , !
, ! ? .
(. . , 266267:4). * , . ? . , ! , .
(. . , 285286:65). * : , , . : . : ? : . : , ! . : , , .
(. . , 275:32; . . , 105). * ( )
. ;
, . (. . , 281:52).
* : , , ? : .
-
. ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 87107
98
: , . (. . , 276:36; . . , 36).
* : , , , -
. : , , , .
(. . , 34). * , ,
, : , : , . . ? .
(. . , 39).
- , , , ( ), , - , () , ( ). - - . .
, - , . - -- , . , , , . - () , .:
2)
: , , ? : .
-
. ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 87107
99
: . ? : . : . ? : .
(. . , 61).
- ( , ) , , - . , - .
, . , , - -, - , - :
3)
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): . (. . , 43).
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(. . , 73).
- . - , - ( 1998:141), , , , . . , , , . (). - , - - [] , .
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5)
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6)
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? (. . , 266:3).
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, , ? (. . , 266:2; . . , 29).
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: , , , , . ( , ).
(. . , 275276:34; . . , 12).
/ , . , . -, . , , ; . , - , , . , - . , , . - , , - . , - (
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Milo M. Kovaevi University of Belgrade Faculty of Philology
University of Kragujevac Faculty of Philology and Arts
ON WITTICISMS AND NAIVETIES FROM THE CHILDRENS WORLD BY JOVAN
JOVANOVI ZMAJ
Summary: Witticisms and naiveties from the childrens world that
were collected and published by Jovan Jovanovi Zmaj are analyzed in
this paper, by applying the linguo-stilistic method. The terms
naivety and witticism are explained particularly in relation to
children. Thereaf-ter, the analysis of linguistic processes on
which the humour or comicality of childrens witticisms are based is
given. The linguistic texture of the witticisms among children is
always spontaneous and it implies the logic of childrens language,
as well as the logic of the concrete-factual views of a child.
From the perspective of adults, in the base of childrens
witticisms, as a rule, one of the rules of the implementation of
lexical-semantic categories such as illogicality, polysemy,
synon-ymy, homonymy, homotony, paronymy is broken. The realization
of the mentioned semantic cate-gories causes humorous effects
called antanaclasis and anaclasis, which are the effects that
result from the conflict between exclusionary meanings of the same
lexeme which is used by both adults and children as participants in
a speech situation.
The research into linguistic texture of Zmajs childrens
witticisms confirmed the opinion of Zmaj, not only as a prominent
writer for children, but also as a renowned writer about children.
These witticisms and naiveties from the childrens world show that
Zmaj was a great connois-seur of childrens thinking and the
childrens language. Zmaj identified himself with the children and
presented children through themselves, but this time without making
a childrens book, but a book about children. This book about
children is for adults, in order for them to be able to under-stand
children better.
Key words: J. J. Zmaj, witticism, humour, comicality, naivety,
childrens language, lexical-semantic categories.
-
. ., , . , . 18, 2014, . 109125
[email protected] 109
. -
: , , (, ) a , , - () . - , . , -, , . , , , - , . , - .
: , , , , - , , , .
1. - () -
: -, , - , , , . - . ( 2001, 1987, 2001, 2007, 2004, 2003) , - ,
- () . , - () (- 1996, 2006) - , - , , - . - ,
-
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110
. ( 2006) - - - , - () . 1.1.
(), - (), - , . , ( ). () - , . , , - , - . /: - () () - , . , .
() , , .
, - , . - ( - , , - ) (, , ), , - . : / . , :
1. ; 2. - ;
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1.2.
( 1988, 1989, 1976, 1999, 1966, 2005, 1979, 1980, 1990, 2010) -
. - . , . , - . , , , - , , - . - , , - (, - ) a , , - () . , - . -
(). - , , , , - . - , . . , , -; - [] , - , ( 1966: 294). , , (
1966: 313).
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1.3. -
, , , , , , . () - , ; , , -, . - ( 2010), . , () , . , , - , -
, (1), - : ( 1980). - 1, - , - () , , - . - , - - .
2. () -
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1 ( , ) ( , ). . : 1980.
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( 1990) , , - . (), - (), - ( ) -.
() -, -, , , - , , , . - , . , - () . ( -) -.2 ( 1989) - - , - (
1980: 58), ( 1980: 58). - , ( 1980: 5859). ( 1980: 5859), , , - , ,
- , [] , . ( , ) - ( 1980: 5859). (-) , : ? -: - ? ( 1980: 70), - :
- . [] . (- 1980: 110). -
2 / / , - : ; ( 1980: 49110)
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( ), , - (), .
, - , ( - , - , ; . - ), -. - - , - , , . - () . 2.1. 3
, , . - . , - . ( 1986), , , e o : ) - (- , , .); ) - ( - , ,
.); ) - ( -, , ); ) ( ; - , , , .). -
3 , , () , , - , , - , , ( ) ( ), (. : 2000: 91115) - .
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115
, , - () ( ) - (). - - ( -)4 - : ( ) - [] . - . , . -, (. ), . -
, . ( 1980: 94). - . 2.1.1. -
, ; - ( ) , . , , (). () , ( ; , ) - : - , . - - ( ) - - - .
4 ( )
, , (...), , . [...] - , : , [...] ( 1980: 97).
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116
. (-) ( , -). :
, , [ , . . .] ( 1986: 49);
, ! [ , . . .]( 1986: 27);
, [, . . ]. . ( 1986: 27);
, [ , , , . . .] ( 1986: 41). - -
, - : () ( ). , , () - . , - - () -. - ( 1980: 96) , . - :
:
: ( 1986: 43); .
, . : , , ! , : , , ! ( 1986: 43).
- , - ( ). - , - . ,
-
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117
, , - , (, ) ( , ). () , - .
- - ( ; ):
/ . ( 1986: 266); , , / ,/ , , /
. ( 1986: 270); / . ( 1986: 271).
- ( ) :
/ / , -,/ ,/ ,/ , ,/ - ,/ ,/ . ( : 1986: 347)
,/ ,/ / ./ / ,/ . (. : I 2007: 70).
2.1.2. - - -
, ( , ) () . - , , , - , . - . - , , - (). . ,
-
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118
- ( , , , , ):
-/ ; ( 1986: 288) - / . ( 1986: 288); ,/ !/ ,/
! ( 1986: 289); , ,/ ,/ ,/ -
. ( 1986: 289); ,/ ! ( 1986: 290); , ,/ ./
./ []/ . / ,/ ,/ ,/ ?/ -/ . ( 1986: 91).
: , ,/ ,/ ,/ ; ( 1992: 101); , , / ;/ ,/
. ( 1992: 117); , ,/ ,/ ,/ -
./ . ( 1992: 117). - -
( ) , . :
( 2007: 22); ( 2007: 36); (- I 2007: 31); ( II 1995: 48); - ( II
1995: 49); ( II 1995: 120); ( II 1995: 215); ( I 2007: 21); , ( I
2007: 20); ( III 2000: 90); ( 2007: 42); - ( 2007: 61); - ( 2007:
70); -
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, , - (-, , ). , . 2.1.3. a
-, , (- ) ( - ), , :
! ! ( 1986: 265); , ./ - , .
( 1986: 265); , ! ( 1986: 27); . ? ( 1986: 263); . ? ( 1986:
263).
( ) () , ( , , ) , (). ( ) , , () , , - - . ( ) , :
, ./ ./ ./ ./ ./ ./ ./ ./ -./ ./ ./ () ( 1992: 1123). (
), (, - , , ), :
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,/[]/ , ,/ , ,/ , ,/ , ,/ ! ( . : I 2007: 6364);
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2.1.4.
, . , -, . ( 1980: 100) ( 1980: 100), - , , ( ). , ( ). - - (
1980: 101). , - , -. () - :
, . ( 1986: 239); . ( 1986: 239); , . (1986: 240); , . (1986:
240) ! (1986: 240); . (1986: 241).
- () () - - () - , - . - ,
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/ ,/ / . ( 1986: 245246);
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/ :/ ,/ ,/ ,/ / []/ / . (. : II 1995: 189). /
, ( ), - . , -. (. ) , :
- / ,/ -,/ , . (1987: 331);
,/ ,/ -,/ ; (1987: 331);
,/ ;/ []/ , ,/ , ,/ , ,/ , ,/ , . (- 1992: 117).
, ( ) - :
,/[]/ ,/ ,/ / - ./ []// ,/ , ,/ / ! (- I 2007: 62); / / /
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3. 3.1. , , ,
, - () ( ). : - , (. , , . , , -, . -).
3.2. , , - , , , , - ().
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3.4. - , , () - , , - - , , (), . (), - .
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, : . II (1995): I, , . -
, : . III (2000): ,
, : . (2007): , : , . , -
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