•Health and Safety Welfare

•in Construction

My personal health and safety responsibilities are: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

My personal health and safety responsibilities are: To work safely.

Provide and maintain a safe working environment.

Wear goggles when cutting bricks / blocks.

Always wear steel toe cap boots

Keep my work area tidy.

Work in a manner which is respectful of others

Know the health and safety regulations, roles and responsibilities

• 1.1 List eight key pieces of Health and Safety Regulations/Legislation

• • • Health and Safety at Work Act (HASAWA) • • Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations (RIDDOR) • • Manual Handling Operations Regulations • • Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) • • Working at Height Regulations • • Control of Asbestos Regulations • • Provision and Use of Work Equipment (PUWER) • • Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) • • Construction (Design and Management) Regulations • • Confined Spaces Regulations

• 1.2 List the SIX main responsibilities that employers have under HASAWA

• A safe working environment • Adequate staff training • Health and safety information • Risk assessment • Supervision • PPE.

• 1.3 Fill in the remaining four key Employee responsibilities under HASAW

They must: • Work safely • Work in partnership with the employer • Report hazards, near misses and accidents correctly • Wear PPE.

• 1.4 List the THREE roles and responsibilities of the Health and Safety Executive (HSE)

Roles & Responsibilities: • Enforcement • Legislation and advice • Inspection

1. These three words describe ways in which hazardous substances can enter the body. What does each word mean? Draw lines to join each word to its definition. inhalation taking in the hazardous substance through

the mouth

 

absorption breathing in the hazardous substance

 

ingestion when the hazardous substance enters the body through the skin

 2. List two of the COSHH regulations and describe the purpose of COSHH.

 3. State what the PUWER regulations cover.

 4.True or false: the Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992 cover all work activities in which a person does the lifting instead of a machine. __True____ 

5. Which regulations are there to protect you against the consequences of being exposed to high levels of noise, which can lead to permanent hearing damage?

  6.List two duties that an employer must carry out under the Work at Height Regulations 2005.

 7. Describe the purpose of HASAWA

  8. What does RIDDOR stand for?

1.5 From the list below identify the SIX main sorces of Health and Safety information:

Health and Safety Executive (HSE) website

Site notice board

CITB Publications

British Standards Institute (BSI)

Asking colleagues

Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents (ROSPA)

Royal Society for Public Health (RSPH)

Institute of Occupational Health and Safety

1.6 List FOUR circumstances or occurrences that would need to be reported to the HSE under RIDDOR.

• Answer could include: • • Deaths • • Major injury • • Three day plus injuries (minor injury) • • Injury to person not at work e.g. member of the public • • Occupational diseases • • Dangerous occurrence: a collapse, explosion, fire or collision • • Gas accidents: any accidental leaks or other incident related to gas

Why is there a requirement for enforcing strict guidance in Health and Safety

1.7 Why is there a requirement for enforcing strict guidance in Health and Safety

Answer could include: Choose one

• To prevent accident, injuries, illnesses and dangerous occurrences • To ensure employers are following safe working practices to prevent accidents, injuries, illnesses and dangerous occurrences • To ensure employers (and employees) are complying with H&S legislation

1.8 Give examples of why site safety inductions and toolbox talks are carried out.

• Choose two or three from the list below• Answer could include: • • To inform employees about risks on site • • To provide safety updates • • Risk awareness • • Health and safety training • • First aid information and briefings • • Site information – changes on site etc.

Choose two from the list below1.9 List examples of how your behaviour and actions could effect others.

• • Carelessness (e.g. smoking in a non-smoking area) • • Accidents (causing one) • • Dangerous Occurrence (ignoring information or taking short cuts) • • Poor housekeeping (causing trip hazards, fire hazard etc) • • Impact on work efficiency, productivity and work programme.

1.10 From the list, choose NINE correct statements relating to the employees responsibilities under the current legislation and official guidance whilst working at height:Employees must not attempt working at height unless they are trained and competent.

Employees must obey all instructions, take note of all signage.

Employees must conform at all times to the risk assessment and safe system of work/method statement, including wearing the designated PPE.

Employees must compile a risk assessment.

Employees must not interfere with any safety barriers, edge protection guard rails and toe boards, covers nets or all similar precautions.

Employees must keep working areas and walkways clear tidy and safe.

Employees must complete an inspection report prior to working at height.

Employees must, where working under the control of another person, report to that person any activity or defect relating to work at height which they know is likely to endanger themselves or others.

Employees must use work equipment in accordance with training and instructions.

Employees must ensure that persons are not passing underneath you or if this is not possible ensure that all precautions to prevent materials, tools ect.. from falling on them.

Employees must not misuse or interfere with scaffold.

Identify and list the different job roles and responsibilities of different personnel you will encounter in construction.

Site Manager Choose six or seven from the list below

• Hiring staff• Maintaining quality control procedures• Ensuring site safety by making safety inspections• Problem solving• Sourcing materials• Checking and preparing reports for clients• Monitoring progress of the project• Liaising with clients or the client’s representatives to update on progress• Keeping staff motivated and focussed

Safety Manager Choose a few from the following and research using the web-sites

https://resources.workable.com/safety-manager-job-descriptionhttps://www.thebalance.com/what-is-a-construction-safety-officer-844595

1 Understand the application of the Health and Safety at Work, etc. Act 1974 and other legislation relevant to the Companies business. 2 Keep up to date with changes in current legislation and to bring to the attention of the Director responsible for Health and Safety any relevant new legislation. 3 Attend such courses/seminars run by external sources to enable accurate interpretation of legislation to enable implementation within the organisation. 4 Ensure that all “assessments” as required by legislation are conducted and reviewed at relevant intervals and to maintain records of the same. 5 To recommend control measures and advise on the standard of P.P.E. issued to employees. 6 Conduct health and safety inspections and prepare reports of all the company’s operations. 7 Immediately contact the Director responsible for health and safety if situations are found, that in the opinion of the Safety Manager, require immediate rectification or the stopping of any operation. 8 To notify the Director responsible for health and safety if the corrective action agreed after any workplace inspection is not implemented by the arranged date. 9 To carry out investigations into all accidents and near-miss incidents and to record the findings on the relevant forms. 10 Advise the Company Secretary of all incidents reportable under R.I.D.D.O.R. 11 To arrange Health surveillance as instructed. 12 To highlight areas where training/certification is required to meet the standards imposed by Legislation, Approved Codes of Practice, or H.S.E. guidance. 13 To bring new techniques for improving health, safety and welfare to the attention of the Director responsible for health and safety. 14 To set a personal example by wearing appropriate personal protective clothing/equipment and observing all safety requirements/procedures

Project Manager Research from the following web-sites

http://www.project-management-skills.com/project-manager-duties.html

http://www.gla.ac.uk/media/media_26397_en.pdf

http://www.constructionchat.co.uk/articles/project-manager-roles-responsibilities/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_manager

https://jobs.telegraph.co.uk/article/construction-project-manager-job-description/

First aiders Research from the following web-sites http://www.firstaidforfree.com/the-role-and-responsibilities-of-an-emergency-first-aider/

http://www.hse.gov.uk/construction/faq-firstaid.htm

Site supervisors Research from the following web-sites http://www.samsltd.co.uk/responsibilities-site-supervisor/

http://jobdescriptionandresumeexamples.com/construction-site-supervisor-job-description-example/

http://makeitright.org/about/jobs/construction-site-supervisor/

Trade operatives: In your own words describe what you think are the different roles and responsibilities of trade operatives i.e. Bricklayers, Joiners, Plumbers ect.

2.1 List the major types of Emergencies that could occur in the workplace:

Choose five or six from the list below• • Fires • • Unexploded ordnance • • Flooding • • Security alerts • • Collapse of ground, structure or building • • Gas escape • • Chemical spillage/escape • • Accident • • Explosion • • Collisions. 2.2 What is the name of the legislation used for the reporting of accidents? RIDDORReporting Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations

Choose from the list below the FOUR main types of records used in the event of an acciedent or emergency:

Accident reporting documentation

First Aid records (accident book)

Text message

Organisational records and documentation

Relevant legislation

Telephone records

Why is it important to report accidents and near misses Research from the following• http://www.safetyandhealthmagazine.com/articles/10994-reporting-

near-misses• http://www.seton.com/blog/2014/11/why-near-miss-reporting-is-so-i

mportant• http://uk.nearmiss.dk/knowledge/why-near-miss-reporting/

Lessons can be learned so that similar issues can be avoided Preventing future accidents Insurance obligations Potential problems can be flagged up Policy and procedures can be reviewed and appropriate plans and actions taken It can help to inform the way in which Risk Assessments are written.

In the table below identify the classification and according to RIDDOR of the conditions listed. Is the condition an injury (some of which could unfortunately lead to fatalities), an occupational disease or dangerous occurrence in the workplace.

CONDITION CLASSIFICATIONFALL FROM HEIGHT Dangerous occurrence

BROKEN ARM Injury

VIBRATION WHITE FINGER Injury

UNLABLED BOTTLES Dangerous occurrence

SUN STROKE Dangerous occurrence

SKIN CANCER Occupational disease

SPRAINED ANKLE Injury

DERMATITIS Occupational disease

ASBESTOSIS Occupational disease

TETANUS Injury

TRENCH COLLAPSE Dangerous occurrence

MESOTHELIOMA Occupational disease

ELECTROCUTION Dangerous occurrence

HAND ARM VIBRATION SYDROME Injury

FAULTY WIRING IN STORAGE AREA Dangerous occurrence

SMALL FIRE IN STORAGE AREA Dangerous occurrence

RESPRITORY COLLASPE DUE TO CRUSHING Injury

BURNS Injury

DISLOCATED FINGER Injury

LEPTOSPIROSIS (WEIL’S) Occupational disease

LEGIONELLA Occupational disease

In your own words 2.6 State the difference between major and minor injuries and the meaning of a near miss:

• A major injury is • One that is required under RIDDOR regulations to “be notified immediately

by the quickest practicable means”. Major injuries are listed in Schedule 1 of these Regulations.

A minor injury is One that does not fall into the above description, something resulting from an accident or incident which can usually be handled by a competent first aider (including the required follow-on procedures as necessary), examples could be minor cuts or burns, exposure to fumes etc.

A near miss is Any incident that did not actually result in an injury but which could have caused a major injury if it had done so.

2.7 List the key accident trends within the United Kingdom construction industry:

• Statistics - Workplace injury - all industries• Health and safety statistics• Accident Statistics – RoSPA• Statistics - RoSPA

(Hint: You should be able to find these trends from a web-search of):

2.8 State the effects that common types of accidents and injuries could have on the employer. Choose three or four from the list below: Poor company image / loss of reputation Loss of production Increased insurance premiums Loss of future business Health and Safety Executive investigation Negative press Compensation claims from injured party Closure of site.

2.9 List the authorised personnel who could be involved with accident and emergency situations.Choose three or four from the list below:

• First aider • Emergency responder • Site supervisor • Site managers • Health and safety Executive officer • Emergency services personnel • Safety officer

2.10 Identify which of the following are not required for basic first aid kit conforming to BS58599, higher risk (e.g. construction), and say 5-25 employees – (a medium size kit).

First Aid guidance leaflet - 1

Contents list - 1

Nitrile disposable gloves (pair) - 9

Tweezers - 1

Aspirin - 4

Resuscitation face shield (with one way valve) - 1

Water resistant plasters (provide blue plasters for food handlers) - 60

Medium sterile dressing ( 12cm x 12cm) - 6

2.10 Identify which of the following are not required for basic first aid kit conforming to BS58599, higher risk (e.g. construction), and say 5-25 employees – (a medium size kit).

Large sterile dressing (18cm x 18cm)

Eye pad sterile dressing - 3

Barrier cream - 1

Finger sterile dressing - 3

Burns dressing ( 10 cm x 10 cm)

Triangular bandage - 3

Conforming bandage (7.5cm wide) - 2

Alcohol free moist cleansing wipes - 30

2.10 Identify which of the following are not required for basic first aid kit conforming to BS58599, higher risk (e.g. construction), and say 5-25 employees – (a medium size kit).

Safety pins - 12

Adhesive tape (2.5cm wide) - 1

Foil blanket - 2

Scissors (suitable for cutting clothing inc. Leather) - 1

Tourniquet - 2

2.11 Which of the following should be taken on discovering an accident ?Send a text message to supervisorArea made safe

Call for help (first aider)

Call emergency services

Photograph the incidentFollow company procedures

3.1 List FIVE methods of good housekeeping.>Answers could include:• Cleanliness• Tidiness• Use of skips and chutes• Segregation of materials• Clear access to fire escapes and fire extinguishers. Why is good housekeeping important?

• Minimise hazards, accidents and wastage.

3.2 What is the purpose of risk assessments and method statements?• Answer

• To prevent accidents and injuries.• • To allow people to work safely by recognising hazards and risks in

advance so that a system of working can be determined which is appropriate to the tasks involved.

Can you list and describe the causes of accidents in construction?

• Research !!

• http://www.simpsonmillar.co.uk/news/the-most-common-accidents-in-the-construction-industry-1916/

• http://www.hse.gov.uk/shatteredlives/industry-construction.htm

3.3 Choose from the following list which EIGHT are major types of hazards in the workplaceFires

Broken equipment

Tripping

Chemical spills

Falls from height

3.3 Choose from the following list which EIGHT are major types of hazards in the workplaceNo welfare facilities

Burns

Electrical

Exposure to hazardous substances

Plant and vehicles

3.4 Why is it important to report hazards?

Answers could include:

Prevent danger to others

Prevent accidents/injury/dangerous occurrences Learn from past accidents/occurrences to prevent reoccurrences

Identify which of the following methods are appropriate methods to report hazards?

Hazard and accident book/near miss register

Updating social media

Follow site/company/organisational procedures

Writing on the site notice board

Inform your supervisor

3.5 State why hazards can be created by changing circumstances in the workplace.• Answers could include: Construction site developments More or larger plant and vehicles New intake of work personnel Periods of extreme weather e.g. flood, wind, heat and snowNew intake of materials.

3.6 How should the following materials be stored?• Combustibles (wood, paper, plastics, polystyrene, clothing,

furniture, rubbish ect.)

Away from naked flame or ignition sources

Store outside or away from immediate structure under construction

Lidded waste containers or skips

• 3.6 Chemicals (e.g. fuels, paints, VOC’s, plastics, preservations, adhesives)

Away from naked flame or ignition sources

Lockable/secure well ventilated area and signage Away from direct sunlight

Oxygen cylinders to be stored separately from LPG and Acetylene cylinders

3.6 Why is it important to store combustibles and chemicals correctly?Answer could include:

Legal requirement - substances that are harmful (hazardous) to health need to be controlled in accordance to COSHH

To prevent accidents and injury through leakage, exposure to, combustion, explosion, fire, burns etc.