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p/ ' ardHuf l ro! !c hr ' rox !v- lnoKpbrBa€r cnoeM BocKaronuruHoii B 0,1 _ 0,3 MM K Bepx-HeMy Kpao ayru ronur,lFa c,loF socKa yMeHbuaercF B c|4_ryauhFx Kracca KeHHea/, r43_3a oxLr'aaeMon porauL4f 610rcnbHoro npore3a B cropoly KoHqeBbx ae.peKroB, Ha 3ruMecra NaHocvrcF 6onee roncrbri cnon socKa OleHb Kpvrbre an6BeonFpHb|e rpe6Bu !enrocrf noKpb 3a'orcF ron6koroHKhM cnoeM BocKa.3aec6, KaK noKa3brBaer onbrr, aocraro!Ho 6yaer nocneayourei oopaoorKM Merarna +pe3aM/,3neKrpon/roM u pe3MHoBblMrl nonrpaMLr'. Kpr.{r14!ecKtlMrlfBnFOrcF yMepeHHo .pe6Hu lenocru rleo6pa3yorcF Mecra aaBneHuF u iponexHM or av oorcnb'Horc npore3a. TaKue rpe6F, ByxHo 6onbue pa3rpj/xarE.Hemy6oKue qapanMHd Ha socKe noMoraor nepeHc.ru no_3vuAto ayru. Macrep-Moaen/ Na orHeynopHyro MoaenbO6nacrb noa MUbrM coearHurereM Poyc knaMMepa, oco6eHHo oKono KpaF aecHhr pa3rpyxaercF 3a cqer noaoa_

abrBaHrF rlnu Buatbe Ha Moae,r/, Hene 3xcrPaKqLr',1 3Y6oB PaHbrffr4

my6oKue NepoBHocru ta anbBeo,lFpHoM rceOHe noKpbrBa_6rcF eocxoM 6onee o6urhpFo.

caenatsHbrt rc 6noKrpoBo!Horo BocKa noanxN/eri npune_

EHxF xnaMMepa npFMoyro,rsHhrx ycryn iepeHocur rocHoe

nonoxeH e KnaMMepa Ha Ay6nr.kar_Moaenb. Sror ycryn u3

so.Ka BuAe ' o r lo -d Ayor / .a r -so lenu / ' nahoBo o i

MaccbLr.{ coorBercrByer,,x,eMy Kpalo KnaMMepa TaM, |Ae

rpi4neraer Ko|eq KnaMMepa, ycryn /3 6noK,lpoBolBoro

BocKa o+opMnFercF noA npFM6rM yfnoM K oKKn$uoHNo,nnocKocru Ta(4M o6pa3oM MoxHo roeHoycraHaB4rb antrNvKnaMMepa / erc nonoxerre, ero cyurecrBeNNo ooferqaer

rioAen/poBats/e B pe3ynbrare He rpe6yercn nepeHocapa3Mer(, KnaMMepa fa ay6nMKar_Moaenb /n/ nosropHoe

u3MepeHue MoAenM. Oco6eHHo rqarenbNo npou3BoaurcF

6noK/poBKa raM, tae npeAycMorpeHbKnaMMepa Mofyr Bo3HrlKHyr6 ctrryaquu, npq Koropbrx

Heynpyrre,1.e. naccuBqhte cacrf KnaMMepa aonxHH npo_

xoA,1r6 !epe3 noaHyrpeBMfl. Ecnf u3 3a NeaocrarKa Mecra

3ro.o tsen$F u36exar6, ro rasrux ycacrKax nocr'4 HeBG_

MoxHo /36exarb 3a3opa Mexay uaMMepoM tr 3y6oM TeM

He MeNee, 3ror HeaocraloK 6onee npueMneM. ceM seayuree

k noBpexaeHuFM np, nocaaKe L/ cHFruh

2.3.3 ycraHoBKa ay6nrKar-MoaerrlB aprt4Kynf,Top

Ecn|a ycnosMfl oKx]rro3r.{u rpe6ybr nocraFoBKu ayonrKar_MoAenh sapr,lKytFrop, ro NaHuxHei cropoNe Macrep_Mo_aenu MoxHo caenarb Kanas(r. Or Hhx np,l ay6nupoBaHuuMoaenu B cfnfKoHoBoi $opMe nony!a6rcF Kr14HoBtraNbreB6r.ry.b. C noMourbE ay6noKar MoaenbycraHaBnhsaercF e aprrKynflrop. Fto HyxBo yeLrrbrBar6,Jro ay6, / .dr voAeqb u- ja pdruuo. tuF rdhoBo\ .o7

Maccb He coorBercrByer pa3MepaM rhncoBon Moaenx no_3roMy qenecoo6pasHo nepeFocurb aybnuKar Moaenb B apruKynFrop nocpeacrBoM c/n/KoHoBoro Knb!a (c|rnrkoHo_so, pur /cr uuqukoHoBa/ -ouky ' IAr ae-_a ' un oBonMoaenu B apr,lKy,rflrope OH 6brcrpo , rolHo +aKcrpyetMoaens u3 ofreyiopHou Maccbl

2.3.4 HacHqeHue Macrep-MoAerx Boaotl

nepeA Ay6ntrpo8aHreM peBepcuBHbrMrlcaMx Moaenu 3 releHue MaKcuManbro l0 Mr4Hyr Hacbrula€rBoaou. flpu 6o,ree aonroM yBnaxHeHuh tunc Ha noBepxNocr/ Moaenx chnbFo pa3MFreaercF (an6u/i r cynb+arbrpa_crBopForcF.TonbKo cro caenaHHbre, eule anaxHbre Moaen/MeNee BocnpuuMeuBbrK KoHtaKry c Boaori eeM yxe BbcoxuL,1e OHU Bnurb Baor MeHbueBoabrL/ coxpaHF'or KaeecrBonoBep\Ho l / . I 06" voA-nb . . B"-Fr /Br d /3 terveBaT

ay6n/poso,rFot Maccbr BnaxHocrb ee Bceraa Heo6xoauMoysrax!Frb. BG,AyuHbLe ny3b pbKu BExoaFurue 'l3 6oneecrap6rx, cunbHo E brcoxuqx Moaeneii. tuoryr orcoeAuHurb orFrx noaroroBurenbf b li BocK.flo3roMy peKoMeHAyercF cHa!da nonoxrrB cyxMe Mo,AenunpfMepNo Ha 5 MuHyr - aNoM BBepx _ B xonoaFyrc Boayl.loaenr /3 cuNrerrcecK4x rancoB craBFrcF B BoAy Na2 3

8 l

l,'rasa II fla6oparopnute sTanbl

np.nrrarfe oAerh EaAan nPu revneDafype 26 23 c

: i . i - , rb . p fpo lh8e ncb - r ra 5 8 M! tsy r np ! reunapa

f r . r ! , xh 26 2E c E .n ! Bo3a\ ' rHhe ny :EpLKf l ronbu.

Hr r r . !Hr !aEr . ! , r ro Becb 3o3! tx ! !np f aybnf poRats r r . f n !ko tso | Neoox.ar

No.r6 npri nrrE E:rL [iolerL no/'lo! or aa.er

[4oAend c !-.ranfr!ecKrMf KoHcrpykuiq f loiilpcaepoEaBHb eycrynb aankr . a r ra ! , . re tsb ! r ! rHacE q .Dr .F 30' a p / - . " , 8 o

neparype Boab no;1 noAroroEirefLrL M nocKoM Ha .ean.

afF Fporcsa lHoraa MofLr'r oopa3otshBarbcF ny !hp ! FapannenLBo K fac6LL l ! 'Hr io t io ren f BoAof

paay . .E no ts f : l rL paao! \ 'o re !neperypy lyUnrpoEo,rtsof fa.cb 3ro r peAorBpaDLaei o6pa

iosaHie Lr ten f Mexay ornonfpodats tso ! !o 6ne.Ka nepBr !

foL,l reralrn!! e.Ka! no3eprfo.ft,t r ! .eneri 30 spe F efr:l

orJrax;retsfi lonon!fi€fb ryo ae3ona.tsc.rL /1aer 3aKpaufE: ts re maqKfx noFcprHo. re( 4 rnoMa. repoM 3a . 'e r

,irctur tr!!uae cn cuenneHr-p /ryofhpoE.!Hof Mac.u

2.4 Ay6ny�poF�a{r/'e o6parhMbrMtlAy6n la py Fo u.l!4 M x MaccaMu

i l . .nc ro ro (a i ra . rep L loaenf nponf ran f .6 Boaa! fxr p i . !u /E .or t in fKo! . no fnouaoLqen Enary .a faer t ro !Fpo.yuf saHUe c{ar! tu Eosayxori oxf a!<rraci noaenf !roMoxe i nprs€ . r i K o rAdreHro c r ts f r noarc r .Rr renEtso foBo.ka nepe! ay6n!poEaHfeM oaenL KoHrpon!pyerc r r t sa.norts.e nprnefats!e BocKa ToirhKo n.cne 3rorc rarp-"ran

B 3oA. Macrep L l laen6 ycr :BaBnrsacrc i Ann ) ]yDnfpoBa

BerL TaKfM oapa3otu. ae: AonontslrenbHo'r paborE npf

rry0Jr!fo6.tsf! !: naKoBo!tsof Macch ()opMipyer.F uoKon6.oaa!6rhKar L ro , l . ]nB. [ ' ]ane tsEk! ! !o (o fbKro ts - " rE .oorBer . rEyer Kpacro l r t r . no i rbuo! . ! t se(y ! \ 'a jenb |o !y<onLu! !nF ro r ro fo y . r .HoE, reHht rpopuLr ic fForc ! KpEU<f k rBerb .HanpaBn! loq fM! Knr tsoof ) l

Paaolai rerneparypa Aybrrpyoqrr ua.c or 40 C !o54 r : leu ts fxe reMn€parvpa r l rM MetsBue ycaaKa i .o

[ - : D

n!po8ats!F ferFur 3ap.rKorEH)roeanf .e6F nPa3paeHEteKpb uk! (oBer anF )ryonrpor.Hrs Tak 3y6Ho'rl rerH!( Mox. : r r ry !ue koHrponfpo8arb :an f raHre rennor ay6nnp! .u re f Ma. .b ! nPeaorBpar i16 nonaaaHte rcnF tsa 6o .koELe

!acr,i Koroh (6Bera lfn )ry6rrrpoeatsin Be np!foaHa lnq

ay6nfpoBocfb r nonfsQlp tsa ! pe3r tsb t

. fn ! (o r a KoEerb ann ay6nupoBaBfF rc fen tsenL3F .Mar ! r apy . /M! .Ma3o! rb Mf ' . ' a rep fa

!aMr an . ! ! . rk r f .nonbsyercFEo/1a CMiisolHh e Lrarepianu I Lracna r. .oeLrelraErcF .

.ocraBtsE M! ra.rFMf l]yorfplro rlero fenF npr ava!/p.Berax.yure.rByer pf cK !r. ay

6n(pyour f r rcnb .n fu (o t r r 6Ecrpo Aacr ycaa(y ! o r .nor r .n He ro fLKo or Kpbu(u (opny .a KEE€rd ro ! o r M.

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nponufture Boaor nPrrc^lneparype 23 19 C

:::.:.,eNNhre annaparu AnF AyOn'4poBaHUF uMeor Mr,1-. ::r.oLreccopNyro pefynrpoBKy reMneparypE. BeHrunF:. cuaxaaer ay6nxpyourh, renb, Harperbrt ao reMnepa

--.. pacrannqBaBuF (93 -c 96'C), Ao pa6oceii reMne-::',rpE (.10 'C 45 'C). HarpeB Maccb cBbrure 96 "O Moxer..:roprrrb AyOnrpyrou.r,ln renb PeKoMeHAyeMyo reM nepa-, ry pacrannuBar/F Hyxtso co6n|oAarbro!Ho. raK KaK oNa/.!eer 6onbuoe BnhFN/e Ha KalecrBo KorcMcretsqMu re,rF..tsa cBotcrBo Bo3BpaureHuq Ay6nrpyourerc renF B /cxoa--r.'o+opMy. no3tru/F K6Beru Bo BpeMF 3an'aBaHuF Ay6nu-: oBoeHon M accd He |43MeHFercF. npu HopMan bBou KoMHar:o, reMneparype BpeMF 3acr6rBaHMF cocraBnFer npr-',€pHo 1.5 caca, npr rer\rneparype Bo3ayxa 6onee 28'C oHa.roxer yBen/ehrhcF Ao 2 eacoB.

ftaea II - fla6oparopxbre eranbl

KoM6r-KbBefta anF ay6nupoBaHtq cBBoBHaMt KnuHhEMt B KpbtuKe

nprMecaHhF AnF npaBnnbHon o6pa6orK,ay6rrposo{Ho.o rens:

oopMy r43 |enF, nocne rorc kaK rcsneeeHa orNeynopHaFMoaen6, ocHoBarerbHo npoMbrBaor orEolHon Maccbr noa fporoeHon BoAoi. tenb Fe AonxeH6onbue arurbrBarb MHofo BnaxHocrM, n6roMy u3nuukhBoab Haao crpflxNyrb. !o cneayourei pacnraBKr. 8o,13-6exaHxe nepecblxaHxF, rciB xpaHqr B repMerueHo3akp6rroM KoHreiHepe.l,1Ha,re ecrb pr4cK, ero npr pacra-

qcnaphrcF oonburoe KoruLrecrBo BoAbr,!ro Moxer rcnopr/rb cBoncrBa Marepf ara. lpuMeHeHue3ar(pblr6lx annaparoB AnF ay6n,JpoBaH4F 3ror pucK uc'Knoeaer rlo3roMy Bo MHofue Ayonupyor4re renu He ao-6aenFbr Boay. Bo u36exaH4e ouu6oK ooF3arenbHo co-onoAatre paooehe '4Hcrpyxqru:raK, HarpuMep, npx pa-6ore c WircGel [4' /cnapaBuyrocF BoAy HaAo Aorrrblyxel,1cnonb3oBaHHbrn Ay6n pyrourri renb Nenh3fl cMeurliBarhc HoBb M. npu Kaxaoi 3aMeHe Marepuana annapar AnFAyonupoBaHun ru]arenhHo oquuraercF or ocrarKoB rcnF,

KoBerb HenBr oxnaxaarb B xonoaHori BoAe, rHale KoH-raKrHan K feno noBepxHocrb Ay6nxKar-Moaen / He 3arBep-aeer nonHocrbro. KpoMe roro, yBenreuBaercF BpeMF 3arBepaeHuF naKoBo!Hot Maccd, u nosepxHocr6Moaen, craHoB',rrbcF uepoxoBaroii. ycKopeHHoe oxnaxaeHhe rcnF Mo'xer np/Bec

K o6pa3oBaF,lro urenh Mexay Macrep-Mo-AenEo '4 Ay6,rupyourxM rcneM.

npuMecaHrF AnF pacrannMxKpoBonHoBon neqrr

lyonupyrour'4e renu Moryr pacrannLr'sarhcf, B MuKoo8or-HoB6x necax (nopqli,l np/MepHo no 400 r). npoAonxtr-

u ycraHoBneHfor,rMoLjrHocrtr MuxpoBonHo8ot nelM (400 Br - 4,0 MrH. /900 B - 2.5 Mx-.r.

'-lpenBdpu-en6 o Ay6./pyro-r, renb

pa3psaercr HaMdeHbkre Kyorku pa3MepoM B 1 cM. Ox-naxAeHhe Ao paoocet reMneparypb npo cxoar4r B BoaF-Hot BaNHe, np nocroFHHo

Ay6ru Kar-MoAe n b c loxone$

OcropoxHo! lenb He Aorxea

Ey6rrpoBoeHaq Qopva I Castogela

8 3

lnasa II - fla6oparopHbre eranbl

Ay6rupoBo\Ebtt ctnt rcH repaHruqot

2.5 CxcreMa ay6nnpoBaHvtB cltrlrKoHoM

npxMeHFercF a8yxKoMnoHeHrHbrt cunuKoH B ao3l4poBoq-HoM annapare, Koropbn ocNaqeH cnequanbHb M cMeLrlMBa_ouluM HarcNeeHhKoM oaHopa3oBoro non63oBaNMF. BpyT _

Byo 3aMeuxBaHre npou3BoaurcF Bronxe nponopqr,l 11.3arBepAeBr/eKoNa MoxHo no3AHee nerKo yaanrrh, KaK nteFKy. rlpu pa-oore c chnqKo|]oEbrMr4 cMeBaErcF paB|oMepNo, r,{ Bce Kp4rreecKLr'e obnacru 3anl,lBa_orcF 6e3 o6pa3oBaHuF Bo3ayurHbx nysbrpeti.B oonburuH_crBe aG/poBoqFbx annaparoB eMKocrM c KoMnoHeHraMucunuKoHa ycraHaBnhBarcrcF aHoM BBepx. OnEr noKasbtsBaeri cro /xnyluie Ne onopoxHFrb nonHocrbo, a BoBpeMFNanonHqrb MarepxMoM cepe3 Bbpe3aHHoe tsa aHe eMKo_cru orBepcrLr'e. TaKrM oOpa30M MoxBo rc6exarbaononHu_rer"Hox p.6o hr. Heo6\oalMoir ArF rdMeHb eMho.retLlroobr KoMnoNeHrbr Marepuara He cMeuxBai/cb M He 3arBepAeBa,r, Ha Bbuole npu0opa, cMecurenbHb e Ha-KoHeeHr,rff nocne ynorpe6neHhF He cHuMaor Pa6olee BpeMF'puro oB re- lF cxnuroHc co, aBnFer pxMeo-o 5 M/ry .

AnF yBer/ee!/F Bbrcorb o.re|b H,13Kux MoAenei, BbcoraqoKorF KoropErx HeAocruraer 10 MM, noAKnaAbrBaornnac_rr', /H CMe-aHHb/ oHrct flpyptlMexAy Macrep-Moaenb|o u KloBeroi AonxHo 6brb M,lHr4-ManbHoe paccroFHr{e 5 MM. Cra6qnffiLr'pyNrqaF BcraBKa upa3Hb eSopMd Heoa B Wircsilo -c,creMe Iy6nupyrourrx Kro-

cnttrca rBepAeer E npu6ope noa

c o6t b aa rf e M 4 H u M a t b Hy b f o n q4 HycreHoK .lopvEr (5 MM)!

He nepexaurBatre Macrop.MoAeru npa

@op'6t Ae6a t cra6qnt3auroEHaqBcraEKa yxPedn"br 3y6Hotl pEA t

Ber' noBbruaror cra6unbHocrh KoH$,1rypaquu B o6nacru3y6Horo pflAa, He6a. OHU cnocoocrBy|oryBe,r/eeHLr'ro ro'r-flocrrl 14 yMeHbueHxo pacxoaa Mareprana 3a caer u.MeHe_HhF no3ur.uli. !nF 3ar8epaeHhF cunukoH peKoMeHAyercFnocraBurb noA aaBneHL,le. npu AaBneHuu B 4 6apa coKpa-uralorcF sosayurNbre ny3brp6Ktr, ucrnrKoN BAasnrBaercF BkprrucecKue o6nacrL,r. TaKoi Meroa rpe6yer, ero6br noroM|a Ay6nuKar MoAenb3arBepaeBana noA AaBnetsMeM. BpeMF,Heo6xoauMoe anF 3arBepaeHuF cunuKoHa, aonxfo ro!Bo^o6nnqarb.a. BHyroeHHue noBeorHo.-a,unuhoHoBon

OopMb| nepecrapr 6brrb nunK,Mu ronbKo nocne nonHoro3arBepaeH F. fo 3aBepureHuq npouecca nonyqaercFHeo6xoAr.{MaF KotseeNaF rBepaocrb no LlJopyiA 17 - 20.

Tqarenbtso 3a6noKupoBaHHbre Moaenu |4 o6pa6oraHHb|e HarprMMepe noa He6on6urM yrnoM cropoHbrqoKotF MoaenuocooeHHonerKo u3BneKaNrrcF '43 crin'4xoHoBb xOopM. 5na-ronprFrHo cKa3biBaercF npeaBap/renhHoe npLr'nyap/BaHne Moaeneii ranhKoM [4oxHo 3HaefirenhHo rc6exarb ae-QopMaq4/ c/nLr'KoHoBbrxQopM, ecff He nepeKaurLr'Barh Moaenr np,1 r13i,Frrl. fl@roMy BaxHo ocHoBaretbHo 3a0no_kMpoBar6ae{eKrH B qoKone MoAe,r,l, noA$,apeHuF B o6na-cT, qen|ocrtr u Bb paxeHrbe Mercy6Hbre o6nacru. Pa3ae-neHreaare3hl/l Mexay foBepxHocrbro Moaenv ,l c4n4Ko3oMnpoucxoaxr c noMoulbro cxaroro Bo3ayxa. HeooxoarMaoc_ropoxHocrb npu npuMeHeNMn cxarorc BGAyxa npu x31,f,_ru Moaenei ,s cunfKoHoBbx OopM cunhHhri Hanop Mo-xer npuBecr/ K D( pacurL,lpeHulo.

ctnuxoHoBaq &opNa Macreq.iloAen6

84

Inana II - fla6oparopHbre sranbl

tlroobi rcoexarb raKux 3arprcNeHvt, KaK ocmrKu Macnainq KoraeHcara, Heo6xoar4M perynFpHbn yxoa 3a KoM-npeccopoM u Bo3ayxonpo8oaHhrM/ rpy6aMu.

l ra6rnu3aqLr 'oHHaFBcraBKar+opMbrBeOanpuaaorcunu-<oHoBon QopMe cra6unhHocrb np, r3!Frr4f MoAet4. Br6nacr/ qoKonF AnF 3KoHoMuh MoxHo ucnonBoBarb aor0"; craporc /sMenb!eHHoro Marepfara. XopouraF cBF3b c-oBbrM c/n/KoHoM |apaHr/poBaHa.

2.6 t43roroBfl eHne Ay6r{Kar-Moaeru

2.6.1 noaroroBKa ay6rnpoBoqHoi (popMbl

-ir ayonupoBaHuu reneMr qoKonb'r KpsruKa K[Berb cHr4-

',:€rcF c QopMs ronbko nocne nonHoro oxnaxEeHuF renF,: ,.racrep-Moaenb rl3BneKaercF eepru(an6Ho. Ecnu nurbe:.€nbHoro npore3a 6yAer npom8oaurbcF eep* Ay6nr-.: ioaenb (noaKoBoo6pa3FaF OopMa, ahrplaraF nnac-..:a). ro B 6opMy noMeuraercF rpy6KanxrbeBon BopoHKu.

:,ta3aNNaF Ba3enrHoM rpyOxa B aanbNenueM o!eHbnerKo

poBafrF rpyo(u u BbrecHer/F ay6n/pyfoqex Maccbr, Moxer.pMBecr/ K NerolHoMy npuneraHro ayf,l 6pren6Hofonpore3a flxrbeBaF BopoHKa aonxHa Bceraa ycraHaBnr-BarbcF qeHrparbHol flurbe !epe3 Moaenb ocooeHHo 3ape-KoMeNAoBdo ce6r Ha MoaenFx HuxHet qerlocTrl r€ rentreBo, +opMH 3ro o6tFcrFercfl npocrorox tpxKcaqrr nrrH,1KoB HaayonhKar Moaenu u Hu3Kon Bb coroi MyOenF. no'cne rcEFruF Moaen/ OopMa 3 ay6nr{poBoeHoro renF HeaonxHa npononacKuBarbcF Bo4oi unu npocyu BarbcFcxarb M Bo3AyxoM o|a cpa3y xe HenocpeacrBeFHo 3anr-BaercF naKoBoeHon Maccon AnF 3roru +opMy BcraBnfloro6parHo B KpbrurKy xloBerbrarF ayornpo8aHr F. 9ro6H m'6exar6 ae+opMaquu QopMb, KpbuKx KbBer HetFF fe

Ay6nupoBaNMe cunu(oHoM: nepeaynopBot Moaenn crn4KoBoBaF +opMa 06pbr3fr,lBaercFxhaKocrbro, cN I Ma|]3ureir HanpFXeHue c noBepxHocrM, u !e-pe3 30 ceKytsA rularenbHo npocyurhBaercF cxarbrM Bo3Ay-roM ^uqho ro r . pa / ry . r Boaoorrat^uB"o-ee .Bo7crBo noBepx|ocr,l cunuKoHa u ynyeuaer reKylecrb naKo-Boctsot Macc6r. EcnM noaNyrpeN/fl Ha Moaen,l anoxo 3a6,roxrpoBaHb, ro npf r3rFrru Macrep-Moaen/ cunuKoHoBaqOopMa Moxer cMn hHo pacu,lprlrbcF. B 3roM cnycae QopMyHerb3F 3anuBarb cpa3y, a ronbKo .o ucreqeH4/ BpeMeHu.HeooxoauMorc anF Bo3paqno,roxeHre (MuHr4MyM r5 M,Hyr).

2.6.2 3aMeurBaHne naKoBo,rHoi Maccbl

npu 3aMeu,{eaH,1 ,1 naKoBocNot Maccb ByxHo ro!Ho co6n'o-aarb coorNoueH/e Mexay nopour KoM ,1 xrlaKocr6E. naKo-Bo!Ny€ Maccy rl xr4aKocrb anF 3aMeuuBar/F Henb3F xpa-H,lrb B xonoaunbHqKe. nopouoK , xtrAKocrb aonxHbr noBo3MoxHocru xpaF/,JrbcF B KtkMarrchpoBaHHoM uKaw uo6pa6arbLBarbcF np, KoMHarHoi reMneparype 18 - 22'Cnpu raKot reMneparype aocruraorcF caMbp xopouue pe-3ynbrarb. Paoocee BpeMF 3aBucur NenocpeacrBeH|o orreMneparypH B noMeurefru q reMneparypd Marepuana xcocraBnFer np/ reMneparype 20'C oKono4 Mrtsyr Ko!LreH-rpJr / pd '6r3, . -HiE {x!^or rb epo! ynoro€one rpMNyxHo B36anrbrBarb. CraKan anF 3aMeuuBaNrF aonxeH

orHeynoptsot Mo4en/. Ecnu 6rcrenbHbrh_..re3 BepxHen een€crh 6yaer, B Brae ,cK,r oeetsqF, ornx-.:ibcfl eepes Moaenb ro rpy6Ky n'1rbeBo|1 BopoHku HenBF:.,(crpoBarb BenocpeacrBe!No Bo3ne ayf/. AaeneHre B:- an / pyoureu QopMe, Bo3HvKaoqee Bo BpervF n03, quoH4-

lpeABaprrerbHo chq4tre Hanpd^eHt c nogeprHoc t r l4HreqcraHo 3aMe@tBarh unarqe$ 15 ceKysal

lnasa II - Ia6oparopHbre oranbl

obrb cneffa BnaxHbM. oaHaKo He uMerbnxrhd Bo4br Ha ! e Anfl npeaorBpaureH/" eroqHo-r.nI prl 3atieu/ BaHuu aonxHa ucnor$oBarbcF nocyaa c f,raa-K/Mu BHyrpeHHuMx creNKaM4. urepoxoBarb e noBepxHocru

naxHocru MbrepHar4BNou3-MepeHro Mef 3ypKot xrlaKoao3r4posarhcF urrpuqeM. nopqLioHHbe naKerf K, tsyxHoonopaxHxBarb nonHocrbro. rlaKoBo!Hafl Macca MrNrlMyM 1 5cehyi I rdMeL/Bae-ca Bpy Hyro !o -onyceH4F -ovoraHHot

cMec,l, 3areM 60ceKyHA'noaBaKyyrdoM.

KaHoM an F 3aMeuru BaH,4F. npeaenbHb i BaKyyM aonxeH ao-crurarbcF 6brcrpo. CraKaH anF 3aMeuuBaNuF cHhMaercF

Bpe'rrcHM. Macca ocraercfi cBo_

PacxoA Marepnara AnF orHeynopHon Moaeru

npfrve!aHue K MopaM 6e30nacHocrli:Co6noaatre HaqhoHanbHbre rHcrpyKr.lr414 nooe3onacHocru rpyAal

36emnre nonaaaNuF B op|aHbr abrxaHuF KBapqeBori uKp (-o6ar./roBoh v14HeparbHox n".ru. so3-/"drouretnpu naKoBKe u pacnaKoBKelnpu AnxrenhHoM BAbrxaNuonacHocrh nerocHhx 3a0oneBaHht (cunuKo3).

. O6ecnechre MepH 3aqxrH or nbnh (MacKaor MenKo'inbn, no HopMe EN 149, Ornbrp Macca FFP 2 S)

. ycraHoB'are B noMeureHuu xopouyo BeHrunflq |]J

. nopquoHHbe naKeruKh pa3pe3aire HoxHr4ltaMu-lft6eraire o6pa3o8aHuF nbrnM npu 3acbrnke BCTAKAH ANF 3 MEUUBANI,9

. nbrb Ha pa6o,reM Mecre yohpanre ronbKo BnaxHbrMcnoco6oM; ocrarK, nopouKa cMbBaiire Boaoi

. voupanre Bclo oopa3oBaBuryrocF n6nq 3aKpbrrbenecKocrpynHbre annaparB cHa6arre SrnbrpaM'1 anF

. npoBepFire perynFpHo BhrFxKy (3aMeHa Ornbrpa)

. He o6ayBaire pa6oey'o oaexay cxarbrM Bo3AyxoM

lr , , lourHb a Br^yyMHba .vp.u '6nh qo.r / ra 'o on xvarorbrxBaq,ryM B 100 Moap. 3ro npeaorBpauraer o6pa3oBaHhe ny-3brpbKoB BoaFHorc napa B xuaKoM pacrBope. B craKaHeanF 3aMeuuBaH/F nptr BM'o\reHuu annapara aBroMaru-

Baryyv Cropocr" Bpc .eHuF no'd ' rFtMeuarK,l cocraBnFe-r nprMepHo 350 o6/MuH.Ton6Ko nona-cru, coorBercrByroqre pa3MepaM craKaHa, o6ecne!rBa|or3sQeKrhBHoe nepeMeL!MsaHhe naKoeoqHot MaccbL.FaKoBocHaF Macca 3duBaercF BQopMy Ha B/6pocronxKe.h3oeratre oOpa3osaHrF ny3brpeil naKoBo! NaF Macca aon-xfa 3anuBarbcF B 3y6Hot pFA ro,r6ko c oaHoi cropolb.nocnerorc xaKoonacru HeOafl oKpoNrrcF naKoBo,rHoi Maccoti. B/6pocronuK u QopMa 3d/BaercF

KoHrponb Mou+rocru BaKyyMa

BKnoexle Ba(yyMHbr l cvecu-enbHbt a--apa- 6F r tdKaNa anF 3aMeuuBaH/Fl CrpenKa MaHoMerpa He aonxtsaABurarbcF. npu Heo6xoa/Mocr/ npo!/crxre 3af pF3HeFNbre

Sunhrpbr, npoBepbre npoffaaocts6re Konrqa u npoxoau-Mocrb urnaHroB.3areM npoBepbre MoqHocrb BaKyyMa cra-

npL4 cxBarbrBaHuu naKoBoeHon MaccH ay6nupyourui rcnbBr aenFer ,!3nuurkr4 BoE6, Bcneacmue eero noBbrllaercFn4fpocKonxqHoe pacuxpeHue. nmroMy npx ayonupoBa-

Hbuei KoHqeHrpaquu xuarcc-

Begosol ! .

2.6.3 OrBepAeHre x l,43Bne'reHxe orHeynopHoi

oopMbr cHurvalorcq c BuOpocro,rfKacpa3y xe nocne3anon-HeHrF naKoBolHon Maccoi. Moaenb 3arBepAeBaer Ha Aocraro!NoM paccrof,Hr4,l or Bubpocro,rhKa Bo rcoexaHre o0'

v6par6 c Bu6pocrottKa! )

pa3oBaHhF rpeurrN. Ecnx ctrn/KoHoBbp +opMb 3arBepAe-Bdu noaaaBne!/eM ro HyxHo npocneatrrb, lro6brAy6nuKar-Moaeru roxe craB/nrch noa aaBneH/e. Tonbxo nocnenonHoro 3arBepAeHuF iaKoBocHon Maccbr (npxMepHo 40Mrryr) ay6nrKar-Moae,ru MoxHo BErHuMarb M3 SopMbr.4yorvpoBoe -u ano HrEpa,a|or Bohpyr qoFoiF . r'puHo7np/MepHo B 1 cM Lr' yaanF|or. Haape3 aenaercF ronEKd

- np"68crpoMHa|p€B€np,M*RrhBeqoso K

8 6

:,rorb rtoKonF Moaen/lEcn/ Ha noBepxNocrh o6pe3aNNofo:fF Fe B,1aHo roHKoro cnoF naxoBo!Hon Maccbr, ro naKo-

:o!NaF Macca 3arBepaena non Hocrbo. 3anof HeHF b e naKo-:.!Boti Maccot +opME rc renF Henr3F ocraBnFr6 tsa npo:rnxfrenbHoe BpeMF (NanpuMep. Ha Hoeb), /Naee f3 Hrx:-.rer ocets6 rpyaHo f3BneeE Moaenb OcrarKM rcnF tsa no-

. -o ._u voFe. / He pdrpe de- " ,vbrB" rb Bo!o7

lnaea II - fla6oparopHbre oranbl

Ay6tuKaf- MoAetu noryyxabr B orEepauterh 5- a.eK.

aen, u3 xuaKocfu MeanerBo. /3-nuuK/ orBepAL4renF HaAyonhKar MoAenFx np'lBoAFr k06-pa3oBaH L4€ 6axpoM b Ha nurbeBoM o6r,e1<re. Borc6exatsre3roro Moaen/ craBFrcF eqe pa3 Ha5 - 10 M/Byr B cyuunb-ts6, ukao U3pacxoAoBaHHb ii orBepA renb HyxHo BoBpeMFAonuBarb. a KaxAbre 2 - 3 MecFLra 3aMeHFrb, ycrpa

uHcrpyKq/, OrBepaurenq, coaepxaurhepacrBopxrenL/ (byrrnarrerar) aonxHb xpa|urbcF xopouro3aKpbrbrMr. !nF cyurKf 14 orBepxAeHL/F MoAeneti oOF3arenbHo HeooxoA/ria BbrrFxKa norpyxeHue MoAenei AnForBepxaeHrF B socK'npoqecc bonee rpyaoeMK4t u u3 3aonacNocrhrpaBME np/ pa6ore c ropF!/M xhaK/M BocKoM,or ferc Boo0u.te nyeure orl<a3arbcF.

Ay6nuKar Moaen/. nonyleHHEe q3 cqrf KotsoBbrx .FopM.AonxHb npocyuuBarbcF npuMepNo 5 - 10 Mqryr, npu reM-neparype 70'C. Ecnu no38onFer epeMF ro MoxHo npocyur/Barb MoAenL,l oKono 1 laca Ha Bo3Ayxe. 3areM noBepxtsocrb MoAenrl noKpbrBaNrr Na paccroFNl,lu npuMepfo 20 cMpaBroMepNE M, roHKiM cnoeM DLrroiluid (cnpet) Fpr 3roMtsenpeMeHHo HyxFo 3xn6!arb sbrrFxKyr He peKoMeHAyercF npoBoa/rb 3aKtrKy Moaene, MeroaoM norpyxeHuF:

raBU/rcF ocaaoK orBepaurenFMoryr /cnopr/16 rnaaryD noBepxHocrb.

2.7 MoAerupoEaHhe KapKacoB6torenbHbrx npore30B

2.71 O6que yKa3aHrF h noaroroBKa KMOAenrpoBaHr lo

npeAnocb n Koii An F yAaefoi MoAenrpoBKf FBnFercF AyoniKar Moaenb rocHo nepeaa€utaF aera,lr1, c rBepa6rM4

"E auv u a l oB 'P o bo . _ l '_

pea MoaenhpoBaHueM, ecn/ reo6xoauMo, Moaenb MoxHoNarperb nprMepro ao 40 'C B cyu/n8tsoM uKaOy hnh noaiHSpaKpacHot naMnot. 3ro ynyeuaer aAre3r6 BocKoB6rx:aroroEoK c MoAenBNr tlepeA MoAen,1poBaF,1eM pfcyHoK(oHcrpvKLrii c Macrep-MoAenu nepetsocFr Ha Ay6n/Kar.

2.6.4 npocyurxBaHxe

: anhKar-Moaenf. caenaNNbre B .bopMe h3 renF, o6br!Ho'o- F ara npolJur l Ha 45 60 vuH' I B ! 'u lnr " t

.a.b c reMneparypon 250 'C. Ho oHa Moryr npocb,xarb u. :rneHHo - npf reMneparype 70 c - 80 'c. nepea norpy--:ifeM B orBepa/renb reMneparypa B uKaey np4MepHo

: ,1rrkar.MoAerh (Ay6rtpoBaEue rerev) cyuurh 45 - 60 MtE

-: a MfHyr yBenreuBaercF ao 250 'C. AnbrepHaruBNo: :.,! Bo3MoxHa npocyu(a MoAeneii. tlpf:_ : . , r , ie roae lep€ 30 MrHyr reMneparypa or 100 'C fo -. - .aer .a ao 224 'C v e6aepx/BaercF 30 '45 MuHya Foc-

fcnapfrcF MoAenunpuo6pe: -: - .nefKa Kop/e!eBaryrc oKpacKy Ha npouecc npocyu /-

Htsbe OaKropb, u Ner !/KaKoro::-r3Ha!Hoio peuenra anfl /aeanbHoii ycraHosKu reMne-:: -obr u BpeMets, qeM 6onEue MoAenet HaxoAfrcF B cy

. "NoM EKaOy reM aonbue BpeMF npocyuuBaf/F. Bbl::-/: Hoaenu nyeue craBurb Na BepxNlo|o nonxy cyuunb-

2.6.5 OrBepxaeHue

. ::-'!fnbNorouKadra Narperorc ao reMneparypbr 250 C,:--..rEo BbrcyueNrb e ay6nrKar-Moaen/ BbrHtrMarcrcF /

: :iaorcF (cneu/anbBbrMh urunuaMu) Ha 5 - I ceKyBA B: :,iNoiji orBepAqrenr. MoAenb 3o BpeMn norpyxer/F

- "! aBf|arr lro6H orBep4/renr (Hanp/Mep, D!ro )Mof" : : :xKNyrb B Hee paBNoMepNo. Bo u36exaH/e rcnhuKa: i :3 ; r ,1rerF.ocooeHfoHaMoAenFxBepxHeiqenncr .Mo

8 7

nrasa II - fla6oparopxste granbl

PrlcyHor, nocxonue 3aroroBKLI

P,cyHox a(^yparHo nepedocurca c MacreP-Moaent Ay6nrKar.NoAeth c pucyHrcM Kapkca

BocrcBo' npo.ltrh ana KnaMMepoBBocKoahte 3aroroaxt atq MaMNepoE,craHAapfHbte npoQunu

o

{a

ai)

BacxaBhte pereHaru AnF Bepx{.n eetpcrr:KBaap.rHo-peuer\araq l ), AuarcHanbHo. peuereaftF A. kpytao-peuergrah,craHAaprHaF A t yMeHbueHHora pa3Mepa @

wffi,

Pen9eln'un sacK AtE ttrb4: MenK"n i.cpeaHtt a. ryy6u, A

8 8

14HcrpyMeHru arF MoaenupoBaHuF

r i,4aneHbK/n u 6onburori Hox anF socka. 3oH4 anF MoaenrpoBaHuF (cpeaH/n u oonbuoi). Le Crcn - uH.rpyueNr F F MoaenfpoBaHhF

(ipoaonro3aroe ne38,4e u noxka). Zahle - vqcrpyue'l[� !.'laMoaenxpoBaHuF

lManeHbKoe cof|yroe ne3By€ x 3oHA). Ocrpbrn Hox (HanprMep, Rapidi j-cKanhnenb)

' loxKoo6pa3Hbri liHcrpyMeHr Anfl MoAenrpoBaHhF(arF 6onhuoro KonulecrBa BocKa)

. [4F.KaF 3y6HaF ]4erKa c HarypabBon urerrlHont MFrKfn nacrrK unu ManeHbKaF ry6Ka AnF

--:: <tp!!ecKue unarenu Moonef.rabr pa6ory. AnF o(

. I t. np, MoaervpaBaNuu: {'i BocKoBbrx npo$Mreil. OHh uMeor oAhlaKoBy0 xecr-

.::-i lro ynpou.raercocKa6nuBaHue u MoAenhpoBaHhe ne:: :roB. AnF xeBarenbHbrx noBepxHocret q3Meranna, sa-

u !p Mo\-o BlFr" 6onee .ecr .un Borts:-:'.,oaenrlpoBar/F kopoHoK rl MocrosuaHbx npore3oB.:::{osb€ 3aroroBKu AonxHb xpaN/rbcF B npoxnaAHoM'::-e MoaerupoBo!Nbrt BocK /rycue KoM6rHxpoBarB c

; : : ia ' . ,o . fMeEUr/Mu uaeHrue|bre KalecrBa (HanprMep,_::.rocrh / reMneparypy nnaBneHrF) q or oaNorc npor3-

- : -,:ce MoaenupoBaHue rpeoyer npoayMaHHofo, i4HA,1Br-: r_.Norc peueHqF u rBoplecKoro noAxoAa. 3Aecb 3axra-::::3rcF craounbHocrb 11 npo!Hocrb 5yayutero KapKaca: ' r iHa kapKacasasuc4ror r '4nanp, rMeNFeMorocnnaBa,:: o ry AnF 3KcrpeManbHo ,3FUrHbx 6Eren 6Hbrx n pore3oB

-::io,]Fr npeuMyLlecrBetsNo cBepxnpoeHbre cnnaBbr. Tpy,:::, {oe MoaenxposaHue, npeaycrvarprsaEutee, Hanp,

:: 3oporEuxoBbri oxBarcroFU.trix oraenbNo qcKyccrBeH-

. I 3y6oB. u3 3a oonbuoi 3arparbr BpeMeF/ h BhrcoKoi: :,,!ro.rh renepb AenaercF peAKo. OAHaKo, raKoe o6op

ecrecrBeHHor QopMe 3y6a, M- : -,re . aqueHrb Haxoaunu aro peueN /e 6onee orarcnpu-

: -: .r. MoaenMpoBatsre MHoro3BeHbeBb x knaM MepoB rex-oceH6 rpyAoeMKo. CeroAHF ux AenaEr

-: :io B peAk4x cnyqaFx: AnF utrts/poBaH/F sy6oB, yny!,. rF onopE nporsa rno Bo rcoexaHne onpoKrAbrBaFfF:: :3a. Hanp/Mep, npx cr,nhHo NaMoHeHFbx OpoHranb-

-. 3,/6axHnxHeieen|ocru.AnForaenbtsocroFUrrx3y6oB,: '::rHocrt4 Bo OpoHranb!oi oonacr xopouo 3apexoMeH,::.ra ce6F pereHquF B dopMe urhrpF, KoropaF aononH/-':_:r. y(peirFer rcKyccrBeHH6re 3y6br.

ftasa II - tla6oparopHbte oranbl

Ay6nuxaf-MoAen, c aaqurshtvr nractuBaMt tysreycf a Ea EruB af 6 B a pf h xyt Ff op

nnaBHoe yToH'reHre npoOunF '<naMMepa, HaquHaF orocHoBaHqF Manoro coeafHurenF afnorb ao ero KoHua.O(KnNl3uoH!be HaKnaAK,l MoaenupyErcF cnefKa 3a rpe-,er6l npenaphpoBaHHbx ryats'aq. Bo rc6exaH/e pa|tsrxKotsraKroB L4M npuaaercF BofHyraF QopMa.

npa He6na.onpunr!6x ycnoBrFx nprKyca AnF MoAenupo,BarfF 3autL4rNoi nnacr,lHbt |a ra. Ay6nuKar MoAenhHeo6xoAuMo ycraHo8rrb B apruKynnrop.Ton6(o raK MoxHo/ '6e rdra -o.nFqv6 en -p/Aoev^o/ {ppets r /p/o4er1oopaoo r/ verar,na. tld' ro d voAen8, xl 'a^osoeHotMacc6r Her NanpaBnFbur'1x Splitcast-ouqhea (cM. rnaBa 11,2.3.3:ycraH'BKa Ay6nrkaf-Moaetu B apnaKynFrap). B 3rvxcnycaFx coorHoureHue npukyca nepeHocFr, KaK yxe 06|n0cKa3aHo, np/ noMor4u caenaHNoro B apr'lKynFrope cxnu-

2.7.2 MoAenupoBaHue Ha MoAenFx BepxHei

:-: .auqoHanb|oro MoaenrpoBaHrF BaxHo ueneHanpaBaaKre h oKpyrneNts6re nepe,

!::: araKxe ler(re o.paNrenren 3H6re KpaF. yxeronbKo

npfc'4HaM nrrbF rpeoyercF co6n|oaarb

B 3aB/cuMocr/ or BenhexHb /.FopMbi HeOa Moaenupye-Moro 6bfefuHofo npore3a noA penbe+N6rn socK aenaorcNaeana craoxnrc/pyrouryro ocHoBy. B crryaqrFx c none-peeHb M coeA,rHeHreM /nM cKenerrpoBaHHb Mn/rhr 6a3uroM ̂ or ' o \ lquo y . / . /Ba6r norv<p/ - ro i Bo . .oBou npoBonor<ot (1,15 MM x 1,75 MM) ununurH,lKaM|a (0.2s MM - 0,35MM). nony'<pyrnaF Boc(oBaF npoBonoKa npantrBaercF k Mo,Aer11 c o6eox cropoH Boc(((((oN Kpbtueo'pa3Ha q naloM 3aK-pymFercF raK, ero6E He 6bno ocrporc pe6pa. Ecn/ nep-BbrM cnoeM raKnaAbrBaercF rnaAkut BocK (rH. "caHABye-

rexHxKa"), ro oH aenaercfl Ha 2 3 MM yxe penbe$Horo Bocka, a KpaF cKau/BaorcF raK, ero6b oHu He BbrAenFnrch"3 noapenbeQHorc BocKa. AnF ur/poKot ayM ucnonb3yNrrpen6ecpHb, BocK ron q/Hot 0,4 - 0,5 MM rlonepelHbre Ayflrcra6onrcrpy6rcF maAKrlMpuHb uMeor ronutrFy or 0 7 Ao 1,15 MM. HyxNo rc6erarbroNKrx tsenpoqHbx KapKacoB npore3a, rax KaK oHr rMeorBbcoKyo coocr8eEHyo noaBuxfocrb. 3ro nprBoaur K tsepaBroMepNb M Narcy3KaM r'{aF,1, Korophre B6|3E Ba|or arpo-+,'o aib8eonFpHbrx orpocrKoB. KpoMe 3roro onopHbre3y0E ioABepaorcF BpeAHon rcp/3oHranbHoti Narpy3Ke.

8 9

lnasa II - Ia6oparopxbte sTanbl

{

I/r6re 6a3rcbr un, toAKoBoo6pa3Hbe Aytu 6ofenbNbxnpore3oB, noKpb Ba€!rre nepeaHolo aOnacr6 He6a. cra6nu3trpyFrcF raM. iqe tsaxoaFrcF He6Hble cKnaaK/. llprl3roM sbrnyxnbe oonacr/ yronqa|orcF BocKoM. Ha aNarorrcec(, o.bopMneNHoi o6na.rh tse6a ntrLr.ry ,re.!e nepeBo'pacuBafu / oHa He 6yAer 66Lcrpo cocKdmb BarE. Tor xe3QQekr MoxHo nony!frb ec,r, yxe npu noarorouke M.._rep-Moae,rl, k ay6nhposaHulo o6pa6orarbee raK. !ro6E HaKoHcrpyKutr, nonyeL/1ncF pen6eQ. noao6Hbrt coaaKaMHe6a. PereHqx|4 anF ucKyccrBeHHbrx 3y6oB npu 3roMcnerKa nepexoAFr 3a cepeAuHy eenlocrHoto rpe6HF Ha6yKKanbHyo (Becr4oynflpHyro) cropofy B cnylaFx, Kof,qa pereHuh, Bepxreri eenrccr/ tsaxoaFrcfl cMeu]etsHbrM/ rplr /(apyfy , npu 6on6uoM KonulecrBe AeQeKroB 3y6Horo praapeKoMeHAyercF Kpyrn6re peuereatbre pereHquu. OHU aarcr 6onbue BcMoxtsocrex AnF oQopMne_!rF. eeM KBaaparFbe peuersarbre pereHquu.TaKrM o6pa30M, HecMorpF Haro, ero ceanoBraHbre eacr/ npore3a Mo

ryr 66rb no-pa3HoMy pacnonoxeBbr apyr x Apyfy nonylaercF rapMo|u,rFbn B/a. AnF He6onburtrx BKnoeeNNbrx aeoeKroB f3-3a orcyrcrBrlF Mecra, nyeue ucior*oEarh' p ! r a e p F u p - d r o p o b ' o H U / /

nonyKpymyo BocKo8yb npoBonoKy (1 . r s x 1 ,75 MM)MoxHo

npuMeHFrb anF ycL/neH,rfl Man6x coeafNrrenet /n/ MHo'

ffiBeHeBEx KnaMMepoB 6a3fc q3 rnaaKoro BocKa oQop_uuprNb ay fn u 4n /Bbr IeQe(

roB O6racri, noKpbrbre rnaAKUM BocKoM. ro]arenEtso.o_earHFrorcF BockoM c ManbMu coearrirenFMx u pereH

/qMh B M- ra ' nepe o .o vp t ! / Avro i / pF ' - -vFu

BaxHo, lraobr HatseceHHb ii BocK aocrif ronur'1f]bl BocKo_

Bbx peretsqut BocKHaHocrltcF Bnnorbao Kpafl pereruuu

3ro npeaorBpauraer pa3ffOaHue 0'orenbHofo npore3a noa

xeBarenEtsb M aaBneHtreM B oonacru nepexoaa ( ceano_

BrAHoi !acr4. KP',1rrcec(4M,o6uupHE e cBoaE tse6a oHuaonxtss MaccuBNocra6/nr3M_posarbcF fnaAKuM BocKoM (npuMepfo 0.5 MM) unu nory

Kpymot BocKoBori npoBonoKot CMoaerrpoBarHaF tu

xHFF KoNcrpyKu/F 43 30 (a ru]aren 6tso nposepFercF oco6eHHo Na Heposfocrh

3areM nerK/M npuAaBnrBaHtreM, HacuHaF c caMoro rny0o

Korc Mecra He6a, 6e3 cxraEoK - fakflaab saercF pe,rBe.p

!b ti BocK (0.4 ' 0,5 MM). CKenerupoBaFs6re He6Nbe ayfuroxe Moaen/pybrcF m penbe$Horo socka npu crnbHo.ny6oKoM Be6e penbe+Hbrt BocKny!ue HaApe3arH Kf,tso_

B/aHo unu npinoxvrb u3 a8yx eacret. !nF npxaaBnrBa_HiF foa/rcF ManeHbKaF MflrKaF ry6Kaunr,lacruK. Baxfo.

lro6br pucyHoK perBe+a M ronurL/Ha BocKa coxpa8Fnqc6

Penbe$Hbrti Bock MoxHo ronbKo oqeH6 ocropoxHo Harpe'

Bar6 tsaa nnaMeHeM, cro6E He /3MeH/rb crpyKrypy B

aanbfetueM npoLrecce pa6orb narc8o!BaF Macca, Hu 3

koeM cnyqae tse aonxHa nonacft noa BocKoByro KoMno3tr-

uub. nGroMy 6a3uc rurarenbHo npurqBaercF Bo.koM no

KpaFM npu MoAen4poBaHuu Ha rennot Moaen4 aocrarocHo 6yaer npuaaBMrb BocKoBy|o nnacrrHy rynbrM uHcrpy_

MefroM unu pe3/HoBbM nacrukoM.

9 0

nraea II - ,la6oparopHbre eranbl

flpuueplr N'ro[eJrrpoBaHrrr ua nepxHerii .rerrocru

aApHb,n ttrot 6a3tc noaKoBoo6pa34aa +opMa

t x^oghte <pytnbte peuenarbte pere{uu,

u -..o3Bea6eBot Kn aMMep

o.FopMneHre sKnpeeHHb'x ae$enoE

Hrxakt cton eocKa t pereEutk ruarenbBo coeAtHEbrcs!

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9 l

lnasa II - tla6oparopHbre granbl

Ilpulreplr Mole,tupoBaHuq na nepxneu .re:rrocru

OryaHnerrenbHbtt Kpati re Bocxoaot flpoBoroKu

orpaq etrqEEbrt (pan c pete4qtet

He noBpexBanre penbe.lsbrt Bock nPt saec.Htul

orpaErtrrenb4btt Kpa, ay.t K ceanoBuaHo, cacv

CtrtKoHoBaE Marptaa E Kcrpyer "cxy.crBe4q6tt 3y6

92

Drasa II - Ia6oparopHbte oranbl

Pa:Hoeuqnsre Soplmr 5a:luca nepxueu .Ierncrn

1 a,Bep: crener uPo BaHau a 64Ac Ko a cf py K lt a B e p xqe,1 ee, @c f t

ilaAxoBoo6pa3qaq 6opqa nPu fot k.ttyaqru C6o6oAHaF He6Haa o6nacr b

O6urpHbtt 6a3rc KaK 'craHAaprHaq KoHcrwKqta n phMep f pa HcBeqanbHot ayrt

\Itl

lnaea II - Ia6oparopxbre granbl

B 06racru nepexoAa pen6eQNorc BocKa K pereHq,lu erc o6pe3aor noa yfnoM npL,lMepHo 75' k tsrxHeMy cno|o. flpx

3roM HuxN/n cnoii He aonxeH noBpexaarbcF my6oK4MHaAp*oM AnhrepHar BNo MoxHo npunurb penbe$Hbrt

BocK K pereHqur. B kacecrBe orpaHulrrenbtsofo KpaF anFnnacrMaccbr npxKnaab BaercF BocKoBan nposonoKa aua-MerpoM 0,8 MM KoropaF ntrub c oEfoi cropotsE npqnuBa-ercF K penbeQNoMy BocKy FnocKue BocKoB6re 3aroroBKhc pereH quFMr, ,cnon$yeMhre anF ofpaNu.ref ,1q, ycKopFbr

MoaenupoBaHxe. nepexoa or MerannaBceraa. aaxe npu npuMe|eH ,l cunaH/3trpoBafrF! oaop-

orpaH,r!,1renbH6rM, KpaFM/. Bo6nacru Marbrx coeA'1F,lrenet u Hanepexoae K uaMMepaM, tsaoaaKaM c rrxHeii cropoHbr FyxHo o6F3arenbHoo.FopMMtu eerKoe orpaHxleHxe ,q,rF .nacrMaccb. BoBp-va oeopvr aHuF o po- lexr . r " -o ro rodF H 'o6 'oauMoy!/rbrBarb nonoxeHue /ckyccrBe!Nbrx 3y6oB. rlpaKr cec

Ky|o noMouth npL/13roM oKa3b Baer fpe4Bap/renbHaF ycra'

HoBKa foryccrBeHHb x 3y0oB u ux Q'4Kcaq F Bc,ln,lKoHBoM

nph He6naronpuFrNbrx crryaqrFX npIKyca (apKac npore3aMoxer tsaxoArrcA a o6nacrv ceanoauaHoi eacrh B npeMoMKoHraxre co cnu3ucroi o6ono!Koi. B3roM cnycae a,rF pe_

reHqri npuMeNFlorcfl pereHu,loNHbreuap,lKu OarBo!Hbre

sy6d cra6rflr314pyorcF f e0onbuxM,l nnacrMaccoBbrM pe

KnaMMep npuknaab BaEr K ay6nuKar-Mo.qenf, HacuHaF cero KoHqa, Korop6r4 cnena npunrBaercF BocxoM. vcrynbl,3 BocKa, caena|]Hbre Na Macrep MoAenM u qerKo ornela-ra|Nbre Ha ayorrKar Moaenu nepeaalor ro\r|oe nonoxeNre KnarvMepa npoQrn h KnaMMepa n p,l KnaAbrBaercF c no-

npo.ptth KravMepa anaNotApoB u npeMonaPoB

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Mourbrc 3oHAa / ycunuBaercF B o6nacru nepexoaa nree NaoyKKanbFyro cropotsy. CKoueHH6e npoQunu uMe|ourre Bnonepe!HoM ceceF,lu nonykanen6Hy'o OopMy, npeaorBpautaNrr cKonneFrle ocrarKoB nuqM, rK. oNa nerr<o cocKanb

2.73 MoaenupoBaHre Ha MoaenFx HrxHei'{enlocTu

MoaenrlpoBa|,le faquHaercfl c ycraroBKu BocKoBoto npo-

S/nF ayru Tonu]uHa npo+,lrF 4 MM x 2 MM unu 4 MM x 1,6M M lapatsr/pyer aocraroeHyo npoeHocrb u HenoaBuxHocr6foro8ori aytu OqeFb r3F!]ts6e, Hecra6rnbNbre noabF3b,l-Bbe ayrh np/BoaFr ( Hapyuetsr'o +yNKuut u Mofyr no-Bneeb 3a co60/ Neo0parfMoe noBpexaeHrenoxa npore3a.

KoH.rpyxutd HtxHet eenbcrt c a4atoMteecKxM dpo$hnev

BocKoBon npobhnb ayrh na npa$eccapy ap. MapKcKapcy'(rorur"tsa npo.FhnF:4 MM x 2 MM) npuknaA6saercF BbrnyK-notr cropoHot k cnu3rcrot o6onoeKe. rlnocKaF cropoBa

ayM oopaureHa K F3brKy. v raKoro npoQunF 3aKpyrneHts6,BepxHut Kpat Aytu He np/n/BaercF BocKoM KAyOntrKar-Mo-

AenA AHaroMueecKrn BockaBan npobunb ay.u lronqt/NaIpopurF r .2 MV ̂ 1 .8 MV' np / re - "e r Bo ' v o ; ' ooo-onK FobrKy. BepxHuil u F/xHui Kpa, npo+unF cner(a 3akpyrneN6 (cM. kaBa 1,1.1.7:Ayra HrxHen cenbcrr).

OOnac

coearBeHhF Mexayayfoii u pereHquet o.FopMnF-rorcF ui,rpoKr4Mu ucraounhH6rMr, Ho He3aKpbrBaoquMh npM3roM Mapf/HUbHbi napoAo|r PereFLrru Ha anb8eonFp'HoM rpe6Ne cnerKa cMeu]eHbr B cropoHy F3brKa. Bo BpeMFMoaenupoBaHuF oHrl coeauHFrorcfl, no MeHbuen Mepe noL]rrpuHeAy

hycMnM8aorcF B o6nacrh nepexoAa. npM npo-rFxeFHb,x KoHqeBEx rnu BobleHHhrx ae.beKrax BocKoBy|o pereHqL/ro Heo6xoarMo crabunu3xpoBarh Boc(oBo1,rnposo, o .o / Tpu B. .o e HoM Ae.F . . rp Bo OpoHra ib oToord . / pe e- - /s -a 4or -H" 6br t ! . /u .oM -upoFo i r /

AaneKo 3axoAufu B Becru6ynFpHyo cropoFy. OrpaHu!/-'e .oArqnrd rva-o rporoar4- o r H/ - e 'o kodF D/ / !e

cfa6tnhHbtt nepexoa Mexay ayrot t pere4tlhei

::3 Manbi coeauHurenb ao opanbHorc nneqa KnaMMepa.:ocKoBaF npoBonoKa ron!.r,lHon 0,8 MM npunuBaercF Boc-.,.i ronbKo co cropoHbrayrtr. B urore nonyeaercF Faaex_aq exaH4ceckaF pereHuxF anF nnactMaccE co cropoHbl

::ffa. OrpaH|4,rurenrN E t Kpat ycunueaer Manbrt coeau_-..ien6 3a c!er rpeyronbHoti +opM br npo$,nF. [4ecro, noa':iosneHHoe anF crota, noKphrBaercf,

a -ahreuretbHbtt KpaA n3 BocrcBot DPoBonow

:::{trr,r nepea HanoxeHreM pereHu4L4. Fia BocrcBbu Kpy-' : L sereHu4Fx B rd hHexueM xopouo QrKc/ pyrorcF nprl

2.74 MoaenupoBaHre c ua6noHaMrH3 nnacTMaccbl

:ri'.raccoBbe ua6noHbr (QneKcerb) anF MoaenupoBa-.,- rcooeHHo nph BbrcoKon xoMtsarBot reMneparype npr.

:-"orcF Bo ,36exa! /e aeoopMaq'1 '1 npo+,net. oH/ or-. -:.rcF 6onbuerl rBepaocrbo Marepoana I ycroucrBo-

: . ' r KnaMMepbru penbe+:/ a;ranrauu, no.lropMe, crpykrype. BaxNo, ero6b 3yo:,i -ertsfK ruarenbHo oraenFn uaonotsb::.iaaoK Heo6xoaMMbri no pa3Mepy Kycole( o6p%a_

:':; OCTPbIM 'BCTPYMEHTOM ANF MOACNUPOBAHUF X OTAE

lnasa II - .fla6oparopHbte granbl

nnac rcabte ua6toH

(q'excerhn

nFercF or roaKraaKu pe3KLrM aBuxeHxeM. B3aBucuMocruor curyaqr,l nnacT,rKoBbre uao,roHbr KoM6uH,rpyrorcF c 3o-cKoBb Mr npo+unFM4. HeaocrarKoM FBnFercF ro, ero /xHen$F cKo6nrrh. nnacrL,rKoBbre uraOnoHb Bbrropaor no]rHocrbro tso He Morya aonro xpa|rlrscF, cra|oBFcb co Bpe-MeNeM xpyfKrlMr.{ 'l noMKrMu. nph cnMUKoM an,{renbNoMxpaHeHr/ oHu cnefKa BbrqBera€r,

nepea HalaioM MoaenqpoBaN/F uenecoobpa3Ho HarperbMoaenb a3 naKoBoeHoir Maccbr np, MepHo ao 40 'C. no,r63oBar8cn KneeM anF nnacrrKoBbx uaonoHoB HyxNo o,reHE

np/ nxrbe o6pa3yercF 6axPoMa. Kner4BoeHyb Maccy r y,rycuaer aa_

re3ub OneKcer K Moaenr. npooreMarMcNee paoorarb cocrapbrM, yxe cfycrL4BUi4McF KneeM, Koropbrt yBenu!,lBaerphcK noF BneHuF 6axpoM 6r n pM nhrbe. KoHcrpyKquu, cMoAe_nupoBatsHbre c ua6,roHaM/, adxHbr 6e3npoMeA,reHrF naKoBarbcF Ha ayonrKar-MoAenFx c rny6o-xxM Ne6oM uaonotsE Moryr cxarbcF / orcnorrscE .r Mo-

aenx flo 3roii npucrHe nnacruKoBbre uaonoHbr Bo BpeMFHaKnaaKu Ne aonxfb pacrFMBarbcF nocne HanoxeHrFsa ofHeynopHyo Moaenb xx, KaK npaBuno, yxe HenFF.Hrrb 6e3 fospexaeN,l14.

KoBctpvRqrq Hrxqei \erbcrh n nnacrurcBbtx uaotoHoa

ftana II - Ila6oparopHbre oranbt

2.75 nposepKa MoAenBpoBKlr

Bce BocKoBbre npo$unu aonxFb np nerarb K ayonuKar_Moaenu nrorHo, 0* 3a3opoB, a e Kpurrqec(/x Mecrax ao_non!/ren6Ho noanrBarhcF BockoM. Oco6eHHo ipu na-KoBKe MoAenupoBKq noa aaBneNf eM oH14 Mof yr orcnotrrbcFor ay6nuxar-Moaerh, u naKoBoeHaF Macca 3anbercF noakoHcrpyKLrurc KnaMMepd npu FanoxeBuu He aonxNb| Me-HFrb cBoro .popMy, noBpexaarbcF L/nf pacnnouruBarbcF. ^KoHqaM oHu paBNoMepHo yroH\raorcF, nmroMy ny.rue npu'KnaAbBar6 6yKKanhHbre nneeri KnaMMepa B nocneAHNrooeepea6. CrpyKrypa perbe(FHbx BocKoBbix nnacruH aonxFa norHocr6b coxpaNFrbcF: nph aAanraquu penbeoNoroBocKa oHa He aonxHa pacnnourxBarbcF. Tqare,rbHo cMo_aen/poBaHFbre nepexoab K BockoBbrM 3aroroBKaM yMeHbuaor p,lcK cKanhrBaHrF .aKoBoqHot Maccb Bo BpeMF 3a_

L/ ipeaorBpaurapr rpyAoeMKyNr aopa'6orKy MerannueecKoro KapKaca.

npooecc'.loHanb|o ycraHoBneHHbe nurNL/KoBbre KaHanblFsnf,orcF maBHon npeanocbnKoii anF nonHoqeHHo ornu_rorc oobeKra'6e3 ycaaotHhrx pakoBr4|'. KonLi,recrBo 14 au_aMerp nrirHr4KoBbx xaHanoB 3aB4cFr or M|ofr.{x napaMer_poB.6on6uyo ponh urpa'or MourHocrb u +yHKuuordhHaFnocneaoBarenbf ocrb ucnonByeMoro nurenNorc annapara.

Hrc nMoro npocrpaH.rga B obrekre 3a

Ixrhe HanrretHoM annapare Nautilus I ' coeafHFer B ceoeraAex|yo, 6brcrpy€ BbcoKoeacrorHyb nnaBKy c npeuMy_urecrBaMu eaKyyMHoro nurbF noa aaBne|feM. 3aecb nocpaBHeHu'o cnurbeM Ha Bb cokoqacrorHoM qeHrpo6exHoMannapare xBaraer MeFsue

OnbFHbreAaBHbre Ana Korr'{ecrBa u pa3Mepa

2.8 Jl}|rHxKoBaF6|orenbHoro

cucreMa B TexHonoruunpore3xpoBaHxF

sr(yyrHsrrra tl.Hoo66x@nee/noaaaerchrc{' nrlBudrprErx

2 iieKfx ifiiKa 2MHrrmr{a20 ,Mr45Md 2p r r r 6 ,5w

2niodrrrmHrs 2mcernfmd20rMx i l5w 20 w r 1 ,5 r {

2iie(AifiMG 3Msnrmda20n r r4 ,5MM 2 ,0 Mr x4 ,5 xM

3o r r -3 ,5MM 3 ,0 MU -3 ,5 rM

2 nBtre 3,0 Mr - 3,5 uM30 rv 3,5Mr 1 46. imd 1,35 !M

nrasa II la6oparopxure oranbl

KopoHoK x MocroBrlaHbrx npore: : : raK x anF bEfenbfbx npore3oB BaxeF QaKropynpaB-.:.,ofo oxnaxae|,1F cnnaBa. B oonacrFx, rae uupoK/e

HAXOAFTCF PF40M:::.(rE iMeor MaccrBHy0 QopMy. BosHuKalor rennoBbe,:--p! 3ru renno86e ueHrpb o6pa3yorcF ronbKo nocne: I r B (" cnfaBa B nonocrr +opM E . oB, ocrbrBaor nocnea-

,,rf f. BcneacrBue 3rofo, ,3 3a ycaak4 Meranna Mofyr: :3 : r ( tsy rb HanpFxeBre ,n , nopb. C oaNoi c ropo |b . cy --..r]\Er xetarerhHbte rennoBbre qeFrpbr (Harp Mep-..-6eBE e KaHanbrl, /3 Koropbx eLrte xL4aK14u cnnaB Bbrca:-:aercF Bo BpeMF oxraxaeH,lF orrurofo o6beKrar c apy:. .ropots6l Bo3HrKaor rexetaret'hbte rentaBse \eH-

-:- rar,r..ae BocKoBon o66ekr 13 3a cra6qnrrocru /n/ no: . ,n r npu! fHaM aonxeH ooopMnFr6cF MaccqBBB|M. Te. :6o'i qeHrp tse o6F3arenbro uaeNrhleN c L.te|]rpoM

:_.Kf. re ee reoMerpu!€cKon cepearHoti. B L,laeanbHoM:_,ra€ ooteKr 3arBepAe8aer paNhue, leM nL/rHr4KoBb e-::-anb FooroMy i B AanbBetueM aeicrByer rpaBtlto:,-te npaBBoAtrcR ar Macck1H'tx qacrei BrcHKre!

r-r enbfb Li npore3 no cBoe, KoHcrpyKu/! 4Meer pa3nu!-.r ronuruHy, nGroMy Bce. ocooeHHo MaccrBts6 ycacrK/,

::rxHb /Mer8 tsenocpeacrBerryE c3F3b c ntrrbeBbrM Ko-- ::,. !epe3 aononHxrenbFbi n,1rHu(oBE tl kaEan. no

:-.Le, Mep€, aonxHo 6brrb o6ecneleHo oecnpenFr-. EyxHo L4cKn'o! L,rrb c/ryarrrE,

:. ioropoli cnnaB ero6br 3anonf,1rb nonocrL4 oonruofo'::.ia aonxeH reeb eepe3 roHK/e, .yxarcurrecF nrr'-,, no3roMy / npu BaKyyMNoM nurbe noA AaBreHueM B

:',,x cnycaFX tseo6xoaqMo craBurb aononNrrenbf b e nrli..<f. fpf .ix ycraHoBKe Baao oopaurar8 BHuMatsre Ha rorr06L nrrHuKh raxoaunucb Na npFMoM yAnrHeHrl'l K

::rr3y6No,rrexH K pacnnaBnnercnnaB orKpb rbrM nnaMe:r.r ro nrrexHb I annapar c MoropflbrM npL/BoaoM Bb nonier cBo€ aytsKqu|o nycue, ceM c npyx/NHbrM nprBoaoM.

-.erMyutecrso cocrorr B 6onee 6bcrpoM MoMefre 3anyc

..:: f6onee paBroMepHoM Bpauter/, UeHrpo6exHb e an na-

..16 caBorHLtM nneeoM ao.ru.a6rraK/x xe xopou/x pe-:.nbraroB. KaK u aniapart t . aaH|,M FenoaBtxHLtM nne

rH OcoOeNtso 3ro KacaercF nonBoro , paBroMeptsorc 3a-:kaHhF Meruna B nuretByE +opMy.

oaKropbr, BnuFloqHe Ha onpeaeneHqe KonueecrBa upa3Mepa nxrHxKoabrx KaaanoB

. i,'leroa nrr6F: HanprMep, ueHrpo6exHoe fnfsakyyMtsoe nurEe noa aaBnetsqeM

. Tei neparypanurbF (npuMepNo Ha 150 _c

6onbLlerei ieparypb nL4KBr4aycal

' Pa3MepH o6teKra (ronurfHa. nfoura46), Do vap oro. /. o' ului r i ipHor

aon6uoe My.penbtsoe (on3uo). IeMaeparypa npeaBapfren6Boro npopeBa

1900'C 1 050 'A) u BpeMF BELAepxKh KotsecHo

. BpeMF nnaBnets/F (BpeMF 3aaepxKu nhrbF):

. MoMerr 3anycka nnela qetsrpq+yrq

. noareM / nocneAoBarenbBocrb aaBneHuF npr

. nnaBneHhe noa BaKyyMoM /n/ 6e3 BaKyyMa

. Beru!11Ha rurnF. +opMa rfflrF , pacnoroxeHue

rlp/ onpeAeneHi, KonveecrBa u pa3MepoB n/rHhKoBb x Ka-

QopMbr. Ha MexaHr!ecKue Kc(opocrrHanonHeNrlF Bce MacchBts 6re cacr/ o6EKra aon-xN6 4trer6 kenac peacrBeH dyo c3 F3b c n rrH4KoBb M katsanoM /n/ n/rbeBoi BopoHKoi. Bo MHoffxcuryaLrfFx 3rorpeooBaHue MoxHo 86 nonH/rr. ron6Ko ycraHo8/B aononBr-

Oourue yKa3aHuF q coBet

. nur!/KoB6re KaBUU Bb6uparb raK, lro6br oNr 6bnhronqe cHaoxaeMofo Boc(oBoro ooleKra ToHKre lacrtrBocKoBorc o6beKra (pereHuff. traMrrepb) 3acrb Ba'orpaHboe. leM 6onee Macc BNbe. focne BreKaHuF B.o'nocrb SopMb Ko6an broxpoMoBbri cnnaB aaer ycaaKy. 143MaccuBNb x lacren / ma8Hbx nL/rHr4KoBb x KaHanoB npo-f cxoaur aononHf renbHaF noaaca.Oee!h ana!Nb e, roHK/e nhrNrKoBbre KaHanb oxtaxAaorcF 66rcrpee q npenFrcrByrcrau6HetueMy nocrynne-Hrirc Meranna. ̂ oporKue noaBoaH6 e ,rfrHuK4 yry!uaor

cKopocrh 3anontseHuF n Kaeecrso KpMcrannuqecKotr

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Kpyrnbre fnf nnockre (BepxNFF senlocrb) norf,lKoB6reKaBUbrHa nepexoae or pererufu K ayre ycraHaBnxBarb6e3 cyxeHfF oaf HaKoBoir. paBFoMepHoi rorq/H6lnur!/KoB6re KaBand pacnonox4rB rak. !ro0H otsf Haxo-

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lnaea II - Ia6oparoprbre oranbl

Bo BpeMF nprcraB,reH,{F ,rrrHukoB crapatrecb He noB-pea/rh o6EKr nnocK/n unu Kpymbrn nurH/K ycraNa8-

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CoCr/N CrcnnaBbr: npeaBapur€nbHhrn HameB aopaBHoMepHofo KpacHoro

'lacru!Nbrn neoerDeB cnnaBa xcKnNrlreH, raK KaK aaxe He_onarcipuFrHo pa3Mer4eHHbLe qunuHApb cnnaBa, Ma..uu-Hbre r/rbeBb e hohy.hr aoc_arocHo -porpeBa6 c.. np,86tscoKocacrorHoM BaKyyMHoM nhrhe CoCr/N Cfcnna8H pac_nnaBnF|orcF 6e3 ao6aBneHuF nopourKa AnF nnaBKr. nocnenna3k, cnnaB BbrreKaer, cNa.ranaeurenpu BaKyyMe, u3 or_KpbrororLr'mF BonoKy, a sareM noaaaBneHueM npeccyercFaaxe B caMbre roHKrc oonacru noton 6opMb. Bo3Ayxoor_

flBnF lorcF cKopee aMe Feaoc_rarkoM: no H/ M cxarbrn BGAyx Moxer HeflpaBun6Ho Hanpa_BrFrbcF, CnnaB 3acrbrBae

Kpucrannu3vercF noa Bbco_KrM aaBneHueMlnp, nurbe noaaaBteHl,leM, BaKyyMoM ra-paHrrF ornuBKh o6*KroB Bbrure, eeM np|a nurbe Ha qeH_

rpooexHoM annapare. t4ccneaoBaHuF noKa3anx, ero Kap_

Naurilus:1ooo'c::l.i

r l ' l , ' , , ' - .l . : , , , ,

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' 1 o o 1 1

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Crwnypa Merar@ nocteBaKyyMHotu nhrba noa aaere'HreM B Nau usr MCplus',rcM ne p a I y pa n p e aE. p r rc n b-

Crpynypa reratna nocteudrpo6ex4oto trrbs aFonax" c'. reqneparypaa pe a B. p t re n h H oro H a rp e a a

BMecre conoxoi Ao (oHeeHoi reM neparypb Harpe8a'orcFraKxe rurnu rc KepaMreecKoii Maccb, coaepxaqe/ KBapq(rcKnloceHre Naul us -r'lrcnb').

Kacu orcrenbHbx npore3oB, ornurhre noA BaKyyMoM Na nu_reiHoM annapare Naulilus'', ,Meor oonee MenKo3epHu_cryro crpykrypy, 'reM KapKacbr, ornvrbre Ha BbrcoKoeacror_

142

lnasa II - fla6oparopHbre oranbl

Hbrx uHAyKrtMoHHb x qeNrpobexHbrx annaparax. Pa3nacH6rereMneparypb npeaBaprrenbHoro npofpesa onoK roxeBnrFNrr Ha crpyKrypy u noBepxHocrbnxrhF. npr 6onee Bb -coK'4x reMneparypax cnerKa noB6ruaercF cpeaHnF 3epN rc-rocrb: crpyKrypa 6yAer ey6ee. Oco6oe aocroxHcrBon/rbF HanMretHE xannaparax Nautilus._ -3ro Bo3Mox!ocr6noH4xeNrF reMneparypbr npeasapurenstsoro npofpeBanoqru Na 100 'C OABa(o npeAnocbnxoi AnF 3rofoFBnflercF KanuopoBaHHaF MyOenbraF ne!6.

lphn/rhe Ha annapare Naul lrs Haao npuMeNFr6 npeAyc-MorpeH|y€ anF 3roro Meroaa cucreMy nurHxKoBbx KaHa-no8 u npaBunbHo pacnonararh o6beKru nMr6F 3a npeAeraMu rennoBorc ue- lpa. Fo to i )en oro- / r - /A-rq Me-rann 6bcrpo u KoBrpdrpyeMo BreKaer noA AaBneHheM BonoKy. Fo cpaBHeHr|o c qeNrpo6exHb M nurei HBrM annaparoM 3aech oyaer aocraro! HKoB He6onburofo AL/aMerpa Heo6xoAhMo BceGa npuAep-xMBar6cF pa6oqeir ,lNcrpyxqu,r.

MourHocr6 3Hepfl4u, NeooxoahMaF anF nraBKu cnnaBoBBEGO, yka3aHa B raon'4qe. LnF Apyfr4x cnnaBoB oNa ycra-HaBnxBaercF B q3MeprrenbHoi npofpaMMe. Bce rcMepeH-Hb|e AaHHbre B kaLrecrBe peKoMeHAaquu 3aKnalb sa6rcF BnaMFrb eHyrpeHHero KoMnb|orepa, ,43 paclera 3rrx aalr-Hb x Ha none quapoBofoa,l

ayca 14 nuKBLr'ayca, araKxerHrepBan roroBHocfu Knhrbro

Wir0nit extrahart

rloKa3aHnF r|SpaKpactsoro /3nyeeH/F npeacraBnnErcf,tsa Aucnnee B Buae KpuBot. Ha senuluHy ,lHspaKpacHoro,snyeer/F Bn4FOr oKcr4A6r Koropbre oopa3yrorcF pa3nrq-Hot ronqrHot Ha noBepxHocr'.{ cnnaBa. CnnoL!NaF nneHKaokcxaa rMeer 6oree Mou]Hoe 'aHopaKpacHoe ,3nyeeBue,eeM 6necrFuthi pacn,raB 6e3 cnoF oKucr. Bo BpeMF pa3pbrBa oKcuAtsot nneHKL4 noHxxaercF 3aMepFeMoe ,1H+pa,KpacHoe rcryqeHhe Oro ,3MefeHue oroopaxaercF HaA/ rnqpe. Bo BpeMF noo-e .ca n | lBFy o |y -der .au4r ,b t r1

ms: nefKut |a3, cocroFur,lii ,]3 90 % asora (Nt u 10 % BoAopoAa (H:) ON 6brcrpo 3anonHFer KaMepy nxreiHoro an-napara €F3E BaF ocraro!Hbrn KucnopoA, yMeHburaF o6pa-30BaHre okd4AoB h orpaHu! / BaF oopa3oBaHre uinaKa. np,r3roM yBerrq, BaercF cpoK 4cnonb3oBaHrF nIrbesbx Kepa-Mucec(MX rurnet MoMerr nurEF BrAeH Ha rpa$uKe B xH-repBane rcroBtsocrq nurbF. Bce Heo6xo4MM6re AnF nurEFaetcrBf F,i aKryanbHoe cocroFHLie npoqecca nhrhF NyxHoc!frhrBarh c aqcnneF

1 0 3

-

lnasa II - tla6oparopHble eranbl

CHa6xeHHbrir coorBercrByroquM nporpaMMHb M obecneee-HueM Nautilusr l\,'lc p us cneaur He ronhKo 3a npoqeccoM

n6BonFer pacneeararb nporoKon nurbFKaxabrii cnnaB npu nnaBKeco3aaer B npeaenax onpeae_neNHbrx rpaHuq - rMnuq|oe AnF HopManbHoro nxrbF f3nv_leHue. OrxroHeHxF or 3roro mnyeeHrF raKue, KaK nepe_rpeB unu cnxorKoM xonoaHoe nvrse MoxHo o.peaenurb,npoaHanu3hpoBarb no pacneqaraHHoi aMarpaMMe nporo'Kon nurbF MoxHo nepeaarh 3yOHoMy Bpaev B aoKa3arenb_crBo Bb cokoro KacecrBa paoorhr.

Nautilus'T' Meer cpaBtuMbrn c NautiLus' [/C nnoc nphH_

uqn aeicrBMF rrrtF. B aononHeHue K srcyanbHoMy onpe

AeneF/o MoMA ra n/ rbF B y ' raHoBry / ' rerp/ooBaH ra i_Mep. C noMol4bF cneqhQ'alec(oro hNAeKca anF KaxaorocnnaBa pefyn,{pyercn MourHocrh NatpeBa cMorpoBoeoKourKo no3sonFer 6e3 npooneM yBuaerb MoMeNr Ko|'qacn Ba'orcF pacnnaBneHHb|e qunuHApLr'KurreM KHonKu akrhBLr'pyercF ranMep, Koropbru obn 3anpo'rpaMMtrpoBaH c noMoulbo l(oaa. no ,creleHuu BpeMeF,npeasapurenbroro nporpeBa cnnaBa noaaercF aKycr/eec-

"q no, ' e Eono. urenbHo; Ba-

3yanbHoti oqeHKupeyorco ve(r-v3M nu-rc . .urFnb paraBsL/Bae-cF.

Naul i lus 'Cc

OnpeaeneHfe MoMeHranurbF u nxrbe npoucxoaFr aBroMa_oOleAUHeNUF

ynpaBneHfeM nurenHorc annapara. MForoKaHanbHaF cM_crerva rcMepeHhF paooraer 6e3 co.puKocHoBeHuF s o6nacru reMneparypbr 700 "C _ 1.550 "C CaeqrQueecKue Kone-6aHuF u3nyleHuF u 3Mxccur{ Kaxaorc pacnnaBneHtsoro Ma_

repuana perxcrpr4pyrorcF B KoporKL,lx rrHtepBanax q aBro_

MarulecKh KoMneHcupyrorcF. CBtub u3MephrenhHoll crc_reMbi npoucxoAhr ,rep$ .v6K,lt npoBoAHr4K cBeroBbLX

2.11.2 BbrcoKo,{acrorHoe rHAyKl{l,ioHHoeqeHtpo6exHoe rurbe

B Bb coxolacror|o'i (B'r) /,r'4cpeaNeeacrorHoi (ca) nrretHonycraHoBKe MoxHo 6brcrpo Pac_nnaBrrb Cocr-cnnaB. Y KoMnaKrrorc nuren|orc ainaparaFomdiT' unu y craHAaprNoronpuoopa Fornaxac' BenLrT rfaL43nyqeH4F ycraHasnL,lBaeIcFpefynFropoM n coorBercrByerreMneparype 8s0 'C ' 1500 'C.

llrreiiHb|e ycraHoBKr,l ocHaureHbluHQpaKpacHErM ceHcopoM. Pe-

rynFroP ycraHaBn/sae

yIeP_xuBaer Heo6xoar4Myo reMnepa-rypy. LlunuHApbr cnnaBa aon-xNbr npeaBaprlrenhHo nporpe'

BarbcF. l4H$paKpacHhrn ceHcop BocnphHuMaer reinosoercnyeeHr4e (fH+paKpacHoe u3nyleHue) cnnaBa s npeBPa-uraer ero B3nexrpuqecKan crfHat. ororcrrHan cpasHuBa_ercF c BerrcuHoi, ycraHoBneHHoi Ha uKane pervnFropaBenu!uHa rH+paKpacHoto r3nYqeNfFcnnaBa K cnnasy. B ro BpeMF Kak uH4pa(pacHbn ceHcopKoHrponupyer ycraHoBneHHyNr rerrneParypv npeaBapurenhHoro npopeBa cnnaBa, 3y6Ho,1 rexNMK aocraer anFrxrbo oqoky xl vvclenbHo/ -ec/ nopqBap/leahHbrti roo'

lpea cnnaga (rMnynbcHbti ukKn) peKoMeqqvercf' raKxe

AnF noBrop|oro ornuBa MerannulecK xqunMHApoB npea-Bap/renbHbrn npofpee npu KoHcraNrHot reMneparvpe Bb|'paBHuBaer pa3n,{!re B o6beMe nurenHbrx KoHvcoB qunuH_

apoB HoBorc cnnaea, MoMerr nfrbF aocr4mercF 3a ce._KonbKo ceKyHA 6e3 onacfocru qacrrqHoro nepefpeBa

1 0 4

lnasa II - fla6oparopHbre eranbl

-oq npeaBapxrenhHoM nporpeBe cnraBa npoqecc n/raBne-perynupyeMb M,

,..an8Bo coKparhrb BpeMF 3aaepxKu nurbn. O6urun npo--eccnnasKr,nprHanu!ruo66eHoroKonx!ecrBaMeranna,:nrrcfl He 6onee 60 ceKyHA.

lcroue,rBbre reHeparopbr xMebr AocrarolHyro MoulHocrb:.r Bcex npoqeccoB nnaBneHuF. CoCrcnnaBH ornuBaorcF-!f NauBbrcuet reMneparype Hafpeea c onrrM,lpoBaFtsot_rcKoBoi cKopocrbNr pa3roHa nne,ra qeHrpooexHorc anna-::ra npaB/nhHoe pacnonoxeHre rumF B MeaHoi KaryuKe-:4o nocroFHHo roHrponupoBar6. nepeMeHHbn roK co3-:3er B KaryuKe cmosoe MafHrlrHoenone, Koropoe3acler,,-.lyqopoBaHH6x BrxpeBbx noroKoB sarpeBaer 3,leKrpo--:oBoaFUr/n CoCrcnnaB. AtF rorc !106d MeAtsar Karyu Ka

o cunoBoro nonF He pacnnaBu-:cb. o!a oxnaxAaercF BoAon KepaMr,recKue rurnu npo-

koroo"re leic Bvro-,- ncpeacrBeHHo Ha MerainfiqecKLr'e rtunuHApb . npoxoaF--..!i !epe3 cnnaB /HAyKqfoHHbrir roK 6brcrpo pacnnaBnFer

2.11,3 nnaBKa orKpbrrbrM nnaMeHeM

-: rHreiHhx annaparax c MoropFbrir unu npyx14NNbrM npL/': :roM MoxHo nnaBurb CoCr-cnnaBb orKpb rbrM nnaMeHeM.

!rY( rd roB:npxpoArbr t r r l /.,,rnopoa qntr auerLr'neH t1 Kucnopoa. Takhe xuAKue m3b,. .< 6ytat unu nponau u ux cMec/ BHopManbNb x arrvocoep-. i ycno8xFx - m3oo6pa3H6re. OaHaKo oHh cxrxa|orcF: , orro-4rero ro Hurxov las.eH h y{e np/ kov ar 'on' r ' -epclpa I xv.Bol . rBov xhEnur4 -cr . ro6brBdev"n

.,: -eOr6, o6F3aHcBoeMy Ha3BaHxlo. XuaKri |a3xpafvrcF: :3nnoNax noa aaBneHreM. B 3aBuctlMocru or oKpyxa|o-_.,r reMneparypbr ycraFaBnuBaercfl onpeaeneHHoe aaB': - ie: c noMoulbo MaNoMelpa pefynupyercF aaBneHre no-

-:i: y npoiaHa o!o, Hanp/Mep, oKono 0,1 6apa.

xoaHeHre ru3oBbrx OannoHoE c nponaHoM

0 . c15 "C

30 "c

neHa (lqaBneHue B bannoNe 12 15 6ap) peKoMeNAyrorcFoco6eHHbp Mepbr npeaocropoxHocrr. nepea ycmHoBKon6annoHoB B,raaeneq na6oparopxq aonxet noty,rurE no_apo6Hy|o H+opMaurol Bce ra3oB6re 6dnoHb aonxNbl,Hanp/Mep, 6brb 3acrpaxoBafBr nporuB onpoKhabrBaHhF(uen6, Merann/eecK/n KpoK). noMeureHrF, B xoropbx tsa'xoAFrcF ra3oBbe 6annoHb, aonxHbr xoporlo npoBerpu-BarbcF, a coeah|]eHuF urafrcB cHa6xar6cF Hec$MHb Mr4

Fp/ nnaBKe cnnaBa orKpbrrbM nraMeHeM reMneparypanpeaBapurenbtsoro nporpesa onoKtr cocraenqer or 900'CAo 950'C 3a cler uupoKoro nnaMets/ reMneparypa onoKMnoAAepxuBaercF Bo BpeMF nnaBKu. rlpM cMecn npupoAHE,ra3/KfcnopoA reMneparypa nnaMe8/ 6yaer cocraBnFrboKono2700'C (pa5olee aaBneNue oKono 2 6ap). np, cMecMaLrervneHi(/cnopoa ' oKono 3.400 'C (pa6o!ee aaBneNfe

'iliKrt |a3 HeFIoBrlr, cBoboAeH or 3afpr3HFroulux oKpy-":-ouryF cpeay BeqecrB, Heyrpoxaer Bo3ayxy h Boae. AnF

- J -opolov. lpa-qqrac. lo4 qaBn.-MpM B rahpbr 07cvc:..,e xuaKri m3 He Moxer o6pa3oB6rBar6 ropolyocMecb

/:-3a orcyrcrsuF KucnopoAa. Tak Kak cKopocrb Bbrxoaa:,.a Bceraa6onbue eeM cKopocrb BocntaMeHeH4a, B 6a-

-:!e He Bo3HuKaer oopartsoro yaapa nnaMeHu , c,reaoBa-:irbHo, He npo/cxoaur BspbrBa. np|a npuMeHeHuu aqeru_

1 0 5

firana II - fla6oparopHbte eranbl

nprMepFo 1,5 - 26apa).Trrnu npeaBapxrenbHo nporpeBabrBMecre c onoKaMu. anF nnaBK/ ny!ure nonb3oBarbcF He_my6oKuMu rurnFM . B my6ox/x rurnFx yMeHburaercF 3O-

AeKrxBtsocrb nnaMeF,. AnF nnaek, MerannacecKae qu-

nrrApH pacnonarabrcF B 3aAHet rperu 4f,rF. nopouoKAnF nnaBxq He o6F3areneH L BpeMF BpaureH/F qeHrpuQytucocraBnf,er M,lH14MyM 6 ceKyNA.

Mspbr npeAocropoxHocrn:

Tepea 'axlrcHueM -a naFnbHoi ro-penKe orKpbBa'ot BeHrunb c KucnopoaoM, a noroM Ber'rnnb c r:r3oM; nocne nnaBKu cHasana aonxe|] nepeKpbtsBarbcF noroK E3alTaK KaK aqsrxneH o6pasyer c Krcno_poaoM sspbrBoonacHyo cMecb, np!4 nnaBKe c aqeruneHoMoco6eHHo BaxHo cHa,ranaorKpbrBarh Kucnopoal BbxoaF-q,rkxcnopoayHocr, r rc .ooot auerureH uHbeKU'4oHHbr i3QOeKr) 14 npeaorcpaqaer ooparHbri noroK nnaMeHr K

ABroMar6LAnF 3axfruHuF ra3ano3BonF|or, Hanp,lMep np4np poaHoM la3e ycraHaBnL4Barh KoHcraNrHoe nnaMF. topenKaHa paccroFHr4v 6 8 cM. BoarrcF KpyfoBbrriu aBuxe_HUFMq Haa rfmeM.Ienno orpaxaercF Ha cnnaBe or sHyr_peHHxx KpaeB rurnF. npu yMeHbuaou]r,rxcfl KpyfoBbrx aex_xeHuFx cnnaB paBHoMepHo HatpeBaelcq or KpaeB K ueH'rpy. Cneaq 3a uBeroBbrM Lr'3MeHeHueM, nepexoaFlllr4M BcBe no-kPa(Hb./ -oh Mox-o ynoaBnFro pdBHoM'oHoxi,laBxot. K 3roMy xe BpeMeH, KoHrypb uhnxNApa MerarraaonxN br pacnnaenFrbcF u nepere(arb oar,r ts 3 apyron. npo_qeccnursF HalrHaercF, ecnu qutrHApbr Meranna pacnna_Brnrch, u cnnaB noa EaBneHueM nnaMeH, HaquHaer aau_GrbcF. Bo BpeMf, nnaBKu oKcuaHaF nne|Ka HeaonxHayaa_nflrhcF:oHa 3autru.tae r cnnaB or aanbter,{uerc okucne|]hFAnF nonHot pacnnaBKh Merann HyxHo Harperb nprMepHoHa 1oo'C Bbue reMneparypH FnaBneNuF. C noB6tueHheMreMneparypu cnnaB cratoBr4rEcF ooneexxaKr4M r.r xopouo

Conrayci 1.320 "C

1.350 'Cpacnna BneH"e nocn€aH tr x r Be paH! v:'rci

TeM neparypa nurbF: 1.460 'C

BpeMF nnaeneHrF 4 Merunulecx x r]unrHApoB Wironit"(- 24 r:) co cMechb nprpoaHbrt ra3/kucnopoa cocraBnFer40'50 ceKyFA, anF 5 L.r nnHApoB 45 - 55 ceKyHA. Bo BpeMF

areMHeHHb e oeKri. Bo3HrKUeeBoBpeMF nnaBk4 B KMcnopoa|brx unaHrax AaBneHxe orBoaurcfl nocne nnaBK, cepe3 naFnbHbrn nrcroner Ocrar(xu,raKoB co aHarrrnF rutare^bHo yadForcF.

flureiHbre annaparbr c npyxLr'HHbrM npnBoaoM 3aBoaFrcFBpyrHyro, x nocne pacnnaBneHuF cnnaBa npuBoaFrcF B

aBuxeHre ornycKoM pbrtara. C noMoLqbF roeHo ycraHoB_

1 0 6

neHHorc nporrBoBeca co3aaercFCKopocrb BpaLrreHuF npyxr4HHb xroB oKoro 270 o6/M/H.

Mepbr npeaocropoxHocrx:

3aMeHa npyxuHbr npor3BoaurcFquanbHo ooyeeHHbrM rexHrKoMl

cnoKoiHoe Bpaurefue.qeHrpo6exHbx annapa-

UeNrpobexHbre anna-parb c MoropHb M npu-BoaoM - 3ro ycoBep-ueBcrBoBaHHbre npyxr4|Hbre annaparbr.3aecb BaxHb Bbrco-KaF, nnaBraF iycKoBaF cKopocrb, araKxepaBHoMepHoe, KpyroBoe BpaLrteHue co cKo-pocrhb oKono 500o6/MfH. B qerFx 6e3o-nacNocrx nureiiH6reannaparbr aonxHbl6hrb ocHau.teHbr 3anM-pabqencF Kpbuxon{3neKrporvarHrlrHaF

Fundot f ' - fuaetahtn adnaPar c

npnMeqaHru Atr npuMeH€HnF ra3oB:

Bce ra3oBble oatnoHbl c rop peutth .a3aMA - 3a oaHAM tlo'KnloqeHreM - uMeor neByo p$b6y. TonbKo aqeruneHoBb|e6annoHEr ocHau]eHbr HarFxHbrM xoMyroM 14 Br,{HroM c r_06-pa3Hoir rcnoBKon. oKpacKa6annoHoB B pa3nxqHbx crpa'Hax Moxer 6brrb pa3Hon. BpaMxax EsponsncKorc Coo3a,l,'lexayHapoa|brn Coo3 ra3onpoMbruneHHrKoB crpe_Mr4rcF xco3AaHuo eahHoi HopMb, OKpacKa6annoHoB r4H-

SopM{pyero csoncrBax €sa. vxe Ha paccroFHr4r.r BuaHocoaepxaHne 6annoHa rcploel4M, oKucnu_FAoBrrrbrM. O6nsarenhHaF npeaynpeau_

ronbHaF HopMa I rBHaa Map(upoB<a coqeowaHtF 6dnroHaNaxoAur.a Ha HaKneeHaoi srtkerKe MF anac4ux rppaBOHa no4po6ro /HQopvupye o cocraBe ra3d /n, ra3osotcMecu, cTeneH, lrxcToTb| u aA'

lnasa II - tla6oparopHble eranbl

OKpacKa HeKoropbx ra3oBbrx 6anroHoE

FoBhre npas'4na Lr'nLr' NaMeqaeMbrx craHAaprAnF !/crhrx ra-3oB u |a3oBbrx cMecen (EBpo-HopMa DIN EN r089-3)

.lro6br ucxrroeurb fyraHuqy, HoBbre MapKupoBKu Ha nne:ax rasoBhx 6arnoEoB noMeeaor 6yKBon N (Ne!, New''louvea'r).

AnF oannoHoB c nponaHoM Her eArlHoii qEero-.ct oKpacKh: oHh 6hrBabr KpacNoro, crHero hnx 3eneHorc

HukoB6rM, KaHanaMa HeooxoAuMo 4 qunuHApa cn,raBa. Co-KpaureHxe KonMeecrBa rtunuHApos cnnaBa npuBoa/r KroMy, ero nrrHuKoB6re KaHand He oyAyr AoxoAurE Ao nurbe-Bofo KoNyca. 3ro cGAaer Neyao6crBa npq pacnaKoBKe.nnorNocrb CoCrcnnaBoB: 8,0 8,5 r /cMr.

2.11.6 npoqecc Kprcran nu3at luu

2,11.4 nnaBKa BonbroBoi Ayroi

":-oa nnaBKu BonbroBori ayrcn npxuen /3 Merannoo6pa-::i- BaKUrei npoMbruneHHocrr. Bo BpeMr 3roro npouecca: . ae pacn,raBnqercF B 3alrurHoi cpeae aprofa npu reM_:.arype oKoro 4.000'C BonbroBaF Ayra cGAaercn':xrry aByMF BonbopaMoBbrMx 3neKrpoaaMu. OaLaH 3neK-: -a.onxr.. Ho aHo r/f.. apyron 3aS'aK.xpoBaHHb,T

: :r!Ke. Boar,lrcn KpymebrML/ aBrixeHrnMf Naa cnnaBoM.:=:okaF r-"n/roBaF 3Nep.uF BonbroBot Ayru pacnnaBnFer: . 39 oceHb 6brcrpo. no3ranHaF perynhpoBKa MourHocrl4: :.r{x noMoraer /s6exarb neperpeBa cnnaBa.

2.11.5 Heo6xoArMoe Konr'recrBo Meranta

:a= !Bo anF n/rhF xapKacoB BepxNet M NMxHet lenbcrx

CocrcnnaBb Kp/crann/3yrorcF nocne pacnnaBneHrF uoKoHcaBrF npoqecca nurEF oleHb obrcrpo l,1x reKyrecrb,Heo6xoarMaF anF 3anonHeNMF nonocrx nuretHon OopMbr,coxpatsFercFronbKoAo,r,{ceKyHAbr. nooroMyAnFnurbFHaqeHrpo6exr b x an naparax aocmro! Ho Kopor(oro BpeMeHhBpaureHhF - oKono 10 ceKyHA. Bo BpeMF oxnaxaeHhFcnnaBa Eo reMneparypb nrKBuayca eu.te B xrlaKoM cocroF

nepBaF ycaaKa. B oonacru reMneparypMexay nuKBriaycoM r4 conuaycorv Bo BpeMF Kpr4crannrca\aa aaer ycaa(a Ha3bBaeMaF e!.re ycaaKoi np'l 3arBep! .Huu lv . {qy ev ep"_ypot lor laycd u.oMHarHot r .v-neparypoi yxe B rBepaoM cocroFHo/ cnnaBa npoLr'cxoar4rrepMhlecKaF (rBepaaF) ycaaKa Koropar roxe MoxerBrrFft Ha /3MeHefre oor'eMa B npoqecce npeo6pa3oBaH F. KaK ycaaKa B x/aKoM cocroFNuu raK u ycaaKa np,r3arBepaeNfu aalor B xroreyMeHbuets/e o6beMa ao 2.4 %.PacnnaBneHHbrn Merann, NaxoaFul,licn B norHr4KoBbrx Ka'Hanax I norbeBoM KoHyce, aonxeH Kprcrann/supoBarbcFnocne 3arBepaefrF oorrekra rhrhF Hrlxe reMneparypbnxKBrayca.TaK/M o6pasoM /3 aeno n/rHuKoBbx KaHanoB,np/ 3acr6rBaHuu u ycaAKe o6beKrarocrynarb ̂ /Axhn cnndB Ecfu Fe c /ra-"co rrot ra{oBoMepHocrhE, ro B ooteKre ndr6F tseu3oexHo Bo3HhKNyrycaaoqNbre paKosuHbr / nop4crocru.

Bo BpeMF oxnaxre|uF cnnaBa cHaeana o6pa3y6rcF o6na-cru ,3 MerKfx Kp/cranroB (Ha,ranbHaF Kpr4cranrrcaquF),Koropbre yBen/exBabrcF B aanbHeftueM sa caer ocaxae-

BGBuKaoLrtue np/ 3roM 3epHapa3pacraorcF 4o coceAHero 3epHa. np, 3acr6rBaN ru BceroocraBurerccn cnnaBa o6pa3yNrrcF conphKacaburhecF no'BepxHocrtr oraenbHbrx 3epeH. ^p,lcrann,lqecKaF crpyKrypa

BoicrBa KapKaca oprenbHofonpore3a. ̂enaren6Ho nonycur6 kpncrannlieecKylo crpyK-rypy MenKon 3epFucrocrr. OHa 3aBxc/r or npaB/nbHoroonpeaeneN/F MoMeHra nurbF q or Meroaanrr6F. 3epruc-rocrb crpyKrypbr cyurecrBertso Menble B rexo6nacrFx Ko-ropbre Kpucrannu3upyrorcF B nepByro ocepeA6. nmroMycrpyxrypaHa KoHqax K,raMMepa Bceraa Menble, leM B ayfe

x, y Koropbrx crpyKrypa nonyea-

2.11.7 noBTopHoe,rcnonb3oBaHueCoCr - cnnaBoB

B coleraNuu c HoBbM MerunoM n/rheBbre Kolycbr Mofyr,cno/r*osarbcn noBropHo Ho ronbKo nocne rutarerbHo,a6pa6arKu B necKocrpyrHbrx annaparax. O,reHb roNKue

r: saryyMoM u aaBre|ueM aocrarocHo rpex qfn'1HApoB:-iaBa no 6 r (= l8 r)i anF nurbF Ha ueHrpo6exHoM anna-::-: eerbpex LrunuHApoB Merdna (= 24 r) ArqF o6uxp--. ! nir8x 6a3rcoB Bepxtset eenocru c MaccrBH6|M, nm-

MUEHoB6i lcepHbii, xenrb ii)

(90 N/ 10 H)(ep6i(reMNBeieHEi eeftui)

1Q7

I}ana II - Ia6oparopHbte eranbl

HyxHo oope3arh u orcoPruPoBb Barb:rc-sa Manoi ronu.ruHbr oHu cnuuKoM obrcrpo pacnnaB,rF_rorcF, lro npuBoaxr K neperpeBy cnnasa. AnF nrrbF tsa

.eH pooa^Hov a--dpa-e r/ rbeBoTkoHyc Maayr Ha aHo rfiflrF. Tonbko raK yaaercF Eocruc6paBHoMepHoro Ha|peea Bcerc Marepuana. Konu!ecreo craporc Meranna He aonxso npeBbruarb 50 %. npu pa6ore cW onr l -A r -06r ' e yxyaudr" -a-ec-so narapHoicBapKq, aonF craporo MeroKono 30 %. OrxoAbryxe noBropHo /cnon$oBa|Horo Marepra,ra Ne aonxNb| oonbue npnMeHFrbcF anF KnaMMepHhx npore3os. vcnoBHo rx MoxHo ynorpe6'1rbatF 6'orenb-Hbrx npore3oB6* traMMepoB. Bo BpeMF npoueccannaeKhu36era'1re qacrreHoro neperceBa ManeHbKux KycoqKoscnnaBa. EepexHaF, MeaneHHaF nna8Ka oqeHb BaxHa nphnoBropHoM /cndb3oBaNf u Meranna

OAFaKo noBropHoe hcnonh3oBaHhe Meranna He pexoMeF'

ayercF noroMy, lro 3ro aeHoMepa napru4 , /sHalarbHoro Ka,recrsa cnnaBal

2.'12 Oxna>KAeBne h r3BreqeHre6prerbHbrx KapKacoB lr3 onoKl

onoK4 c 66fenbHb Mu npore3aMu aonxHbL ocrblBar6 npukaMHarHan reMneparype un,{ noA BeHrhnFropoM. Pe3Koe.-d\eHue -eM-ap. rypb. Ha, pyMep \onoE ou Boaori pu-soaur K HanpFxeHup, a uHoEa h K rpeurHaM e KapkaceraK KaK Merann HaxoarncN l1i. An hrepHaruBso onoKx MoxHo nocraBlrrb anF ocrb Ba_Nt4F B BbKnoeeNry'o MyQe,rb|yo neqb !ro, noHuxaer Ha-n pFxeHxe Marepuana. Sror cnoco6 3apeKoMeNAoBan ce6FocooeHHo npM KoM6uHxpoBaHHbrx pa6ord, a rakxe AnF6€rcr 6H6rx . pore30B c BHeuHuM|a KopoHkaM/ u3 CoCr(Mo-No,l|ar|]oe nfr6e). l.43BneeeHrc Lrc onoKu npo4cxoaurronbKo roraa, Kofaa ee MoxHo B3Frh B pyKy.

O6pa3oBaHxe nb nL,1 npu u3BneleHuu u3 onoKu yMeHburaercfl ecnu onoKy npeaBapfrenhHo cMoe/rb. KapKac 0lo_ferbHorc npore3a QuKcupyercF B o6nac

nurbeBorc (o-ryca qunqaMu u ocropoxrbrMu yaapaMx no xoHycy ocso_6oxaaercF or naKoBoctson Maccbr. Eonee pauroHarbHo u0e3 o6pa3o8aHxF PacnaKoB6rBarbnFeBMarMcecKuM aonoroM unu B cneqranbHhx annaparax,43 Koropbrx oaHoBpeMeHHo

r08

2.13 O6pa6orKa 6prerbHoro npore3a

2.13.1 necKocrpyiHaF o6pa6orKa

QKcuaH u naKoBoeNaF Macca Ha noBepxHocrh KapKacavoryr y rpaHardFBov -v lo hn,dB-ov" 4qe' kon echocrpyiiHon oopaoorKot AnF 3rorc nprMeHFercF oKcxa an€_M/HuF 3epH,rcrocrE'o 3 250 fM, c pa6oq,{M AaBneHreM4 6 6ap anF pylNon / 5 - 6 6ap anF a8roMarulecKon 06'pa6orKM. AnF olr,icrKr4 Kp,lr4lecKux o6nacret, rax/x KaKBHyrpets NMe nosepxNocru nne\r pacnpeaeneNuF cMeureFMF,peKoMeHAyercF 3epH4crocr6 B 110 gM. noebrueHHbri crocvd-ep/ara Bo 'Huha.r o.o6eHFo no/ aBroMdruee.^ot -ec

B a x E a r ular e, E H a a n e cKo ct py t n a ar o6p a6 or x a

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Mu, o6pa6arbrBa€rcF qeneHan-paBneHHo. fl!4rHukoBbe KaHanb o6pe3a'or rdbKo nocnenecKocrpyiHon o6pa6orKt1. l,4erannulecKun KapKac rurarenbfo koHrponhpyercF Na ocrarKx oKcuAoB. TpyAHoAoc

rynNbre Mecra, Hanp/Mep, .oa oKKnE3/oHHbLMu HaKnaa-(aMr, rpe6yEr oco6oro sNfMaHhF.

Mepbr npeAocropoxHocru:

Co6n|oaair6 HaqnoHanhHbre npeanucaHrF no rexHhKe

nhnb naKoBocHoi Macchr coaepxur KBapq u Kprcrooa-nfr nnn nsckocrpynHon o6pa6orK, HenpeMeHHo nonb-3ynrecb annaparaMu c r4HrerpxposaHHbrMu roHK'4M!4rDrnbrpaM rnx c qeHrpanbHon BbrFxKon. CyurecrByel

oMy HyxHo nonb3oBarhcF abtsxarenbHoi Macxoi c fosbrueHHon Qunbrpauuen. nplay6opKe Mecrc necKocrpytHbrMu annaparaM, nbnbycrpa-aF/or BnaxHbrM cfi 0co00MJ

Tpe6oBaHrF K ornrroMy o6beKry

nrasa II - Ila6oparoprbte granbl

He3NaerrenhHoe o6pa3oBaHxe oKcMaa, NrKakoipeaKquu c .aKoaoeH0h Macc0tnonHocrbro ornurb i xap(ac - 0e3 aeQeKros u

raroreHNbrt, be3 HanuqL,1f, nop|4 ycaaoeHbrx paKoBrlH3e3 HanpFxeHuF , nepekocoBia4KaF noBepxNocrb, NrlKaKux urepoxoBarocre,l

2.13.2 O6pa6orKa

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ueHrpdbHoi BbrFxKe. AnF o6pe3aHxFb3yror pa3Eennen 3H6re auckx

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_::..,ru [Iecra nprcoearN,.-aE cF nepooprpoBa|HbrM a,lcKoM (25 MM x 3 MM).

: ,r enuaF oOpa60rKa u nonnpoBka pe3MHoBhrM nonxpoM': <:r nonNocrbNr npo,r3Boa

Mepb' trpe4ocropoxHocrr:

::6nEAatre raquoHanbHbre npeAnucaBMF no rexHuke

a. speMF o6pa6orKr4 Bcena HaaeBaire 3aqrarHbre oqKxl:.e.Aa BKnocairo BbrrFxxy u Hocure MacKy. He BAbts.inre nbnb I He o6ayEanre pa6o,rylo oaexay cxarbrM=.3ayxoM. PerynFpHo npoBerpxBanre noMeqeHrc na6o-:eiopri. CyurecrByer6onbuaF onacHocrhanF 3aopoBbfi-.H BEbrxaf,{4 oqeHb MenKoi, oceaaloutet BnefKux nbnx<o6anbr, xpoM 14 r. a.). np6 He coonloaeHff yKa3aHHbrx

lsp npeAocropoxHocru Moxer npou3oiru HapyureHue

1 0 9

lnana II - fla6oparopHble oranbl

+yrKqx|a AbxaHrF alnorb Ao yAyubs c nocneAcrBueMpaHHei uHBanvANocrr.Bce 3arprcNeH F raKoro poAa nbDhb oeeHb onacBd AnF

npoayMaHHhrn Bbr0op h!crpyMeHra FBrFercF npeEnocbnKon anF paqrofanhHon oopaoorK/. Ope3br, B saBxcrMoc-ru or AraMerpa u oo}eMa Mofyr pa6orarb rorbKo c onpeAeneHHoi cKopocrbo Bpaqets /F. Pa6orarb Na unrSoBanb-HoM craHKec apesaMx, hMe'ourhM/ auaMerp xBocroBuKa B2,35, He peKoMeHAyercF. TonurrNa x8ocroB/Ka B 3 MMrMeer noBbrueNNyo npo!Nocr6 Ha r3noM,oonee BsrcoKyrocraounbHocr8 u MeHbuiyo Bropaqr|o. no rexHonotu 610-rcrbforc np01e3r.rpoBaN rF MoxNo npxMeHFrb MorruposaH-lbre Ha KepaMulecKot mF3Ke a0pa3rBH6re uHcrpyMeHrbr.3a6frbre ,1n,1 NepaBNoMepNo croeeHNbre a6pa3uBHbre uN-crpyMefrbr noAnpasnForcn Ha orAenoeHoM KaMHe. Oco-

Bce yrru t xpa' 3aKwrn1brcd!

6eHHo xopou/ anF o6pa6orKx xNcrpyMeHrbru3 cneeeNBbrxanMa3oB. ON/ hcnon$yKrcF c He6016u, M AaBneHueM Mcockopocrho 15.000 18.000 o6lMrH. IrF fpy6oi o6pa6or(,MoxHo hcnonh3oearb rBepaocnnaBHbre dpe3br c Kpecro06-pasHon HaceeKoi. O6pa0orka fae'4HaercF c Ayf,l KapKaca-coKpymeN/F KpaeB. AnF ororo 6orcnbHbrt npor€ 3ax,lMaercF, HanpyMep, B cnecapHbe cKu. 3areM o6pa6arbtsBa€rcF KnaMMepb, HaKnaAKx L, Manbrii coeaxH/renbFlyxHo crpeMurbcF K u3flurHoMy oQopMneHub KapKaca 3a-KpyfnFF nepexoab, HacKonbko 3ro no3BonFer coxpatseHuecra6unbHocru. MaccrBH6re afi cnyu,rcM yBen,{lefHbreo6nacru o6paoarbr8aFrcf, rreneHanpaBneHts b Mu aBxxe-HaFMM. MdeHbKMeny36rp6Ku Ha HuxFei cropoHeAyru y6,lpaorcF LlapoBraHbrM 6opoM u3rBepAoro cnnaBa. Penbe$-HaF cropoHaayru o6pa6arb BaercF ronhKo rocre 3neKrpo-nrrleecKo, nonrpoBku. O6par,{re BHrMaHye Ha rorurfr'ryq cra6unbHocrb Maroro coeAxHhrenF u nne! uaMMepaBocnpenFrcrBoBarb nprn/naHx6 eacrru n/uu MoxHo. , e lFa ia^py lh8- l+HEo. ropoHyvdot< 'aeD/ v ene ' 'AnF yny!ueHxr caMoocucrKM. MexAy pereHq/en u Ayfoi3y6Hon rex|LiK ooopMnner ocrpoyronbHbrn ofpaN/exrenh

anf nnacrMaccbr. YerK,le fpaFIqbranF nnacrMaccbr BaxN br

raKxe Ha Man6x coeA/HurenFx u n,reqax KnaMMepa. Poe-Hbre nnoulaar. raKue KaK xpaF KapKaca, MoxHo Ha Mahxoooporax 3arnaaurb HaxAaeNEM no,lorFoM (3epNrcrocrBr20). OcropoxHo: He 3aqennFnrecb 3a r<naMMepHL BHyr-peNHne cropoHbroaMMepa u HaKnaAkh oopaoarb BaEr ry--dM urdpoB/AHbrv 6opoM

_lep" ! .nerrpo, / ru . . .on o-

n/poBKoi npor* oopaoarbrBaNrr B necKocrpyn|oM aiia-pare crextFHNbrM, nepnaMu oK'lcu HarpuF - Penablasl' l

125 UM

l4HcrpyMeHrH anF 06pa6orKu noBepxBocren6|0renbHofo npore3a

Tynon rBepaocnnaBHbrn trNcrpyMeHr 4nF o6pa6orKxBHyrpeNNux cropoH KnaMMepa

Pa3Aen/ren6Hbe AucK, (25,0 MM x 0,5 MM) AnFo0pe3aHuF rrrHuKoBbx KaHanoBrlepoophpo8aHts b e aucK, (22,0 MM x 3,0 MM)AnF

^4oHrxpoBaHHb e a6pasuBHbre uHcrpyMeNrbr 6enbeanF rpy6ot o6pa6orKy r0.000 20.000 o6/MrH.TBeproc-raBHbe Op"rb r "pe!roo6palHon -a.e ^o7ulnuooBanhHbre KaMHU pa3Hbxpa3MepoB, anF.py6onu Menxoi o6pa6orKu 20.000 - 30.000 o6lMuHPe3rHoBbre nonhpoBoqHbre AucKr , NaKoHeeHuK,l L/nuH3bri3eneH6re = MFrK,le, lrepHbe = rBepab|e(18.000 ' 20 000 o6/MnN)CyneprxOK/epe3/NoBbre nonhpoBoeHbeaucKh(WiroFlex') AnF cenapauM,Aepxarenu AnF nonapoB u AricKoB (rAeanbHbrtr

HaxaaqHoe ionorHo (3epNucrocrb r20) anF3arnaxrsaNrF nocne o6pa6orK,Cne!eHH6e arMa3HE e uHcrpyMeHrbl(15 000'18.000 o6lMxH)anF u3MeNeHuF &opMbr/

TBepaocnnaB!brn uapoBuAHrt 6op (0,10 MM)anFo6pa60rKM penbe+Hon cropoHb

2.'13.3 3neKrponurn,{ecKaF norrpoBKa

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1 1 0

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:rfuKoM 6nr3r<o K (o,rbqeBoMy Karoay, Marep/an cHo-aMMep nony!aercF o!eBh roN_

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:rBk/ cnoi 3aqurnorc naKa cHrMaercF, Kak ine|]Ka 3+-:KryBHee Bcero nph6opbr pa6orabr np,1 reMneparype pa-

:-Bopa 4s'C - 60'C. ]lpf xonoANoM pactBope pe3ynbrar

:.rer tseyaoBnerBopurenbHb M.

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-;.ca nonupoBKr,r He pe(oMeHAyercF. MaroBbre ootacn4':x|o o6pa6orarb ryn brM urapoBuAtsE M 6opoM.

l-oc vareprana Bo BpeMF 3nexrporrrucecKon

25.4 5 0 ' c

0,01 MM 0,02 MM

6 0,05 MM

8 0,06 MM 0,08 riM

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ftasa Il - Ia6oparopxbre eranbl

t r l

fhasa II - fla6oparopHbte oranbl

roKa perynhpyercF 3-MF creneNFMu (cna6aF, cpeaHFF ,lcMn bHaF) aBr0Ma ru!eckx, He3aBL,tcr,1M0 or xonu,lecrBa Kap-xacoB. 3ro rapaHr'4pyer NeooxoA,lMyo 3reKrprlecKyronnor-oc r !erpe6yF qonron !o onHarenbHot pacrpoa(/.FTMXHFF cropoHa KapKacoB BepxHenqen|ocrr aonxHa, Kaxdprdr l8. oeHo -oB ooF ropenbe+ o8ep" .oc- x . rxr lc ,ouooonoeKx nonocrr4 pra. gp€MepHaF 3neKrpondupoBKanprBo4hr K oopa3oBaH/lo 6opo3aoK Ha noBepxHocru xap-Kaca u Hapyuaer penbeQ cnr3ucror ooonoqKr. Eonee paB-HoMepHbrt pe3ynbrar aocruraercf, aBroMar/lrecKrM aBr4,xeHfeM o6rekra B annapare E[ropot SL,. Annapar oclau.leH npolrbtM KarorqoM rc cra,lhNoro HepxaBeNllreronucra. H/Ken'4poBaHtsbre MeaHbre Karoast o6orar]1a|or3,reKrponrr BbrAeneHuFM,l MeAu. 3ro BeAer K noH"xeHrDBo3ae4crBr4F 3neKrponfira M yMeHbueNrb cpoKa ero aei-crBhF. BaxHo, ,rro6br He Bo3HhKaro p*Krx nepenaAoB'ev-epaloo 3rF" poqura An! Bcex dnn.pdroB 4e/_crByer npaBuno: He npeBbruarb reMneparypy Bhrre 65 .C.4Ha!e sneKlpueecKaF npoBoarMocrb xr4aKocrh curbHonaAaer, L4 xenaeMbrt 3OQeKr orecKa He Aocr,,aerlF.Ecnh B rpuoope o4loBpeMeHHo ycraHaBnxBarorcF Hec-KonbKo ooreKroB, ro HyxHo yBenulurb cury roKa. BoBpeMF nepeMeureHrF uoHoB Meranna oraHoaa (+)K karoay(-) c KapKaca npo,cxoaurcHoc Mareprana. BoneKrponrlreoH B BrAe Fepacrsop'4Mo, conu oceaaer HaaHo.l.4oHb ko-6dnb_? BoAenFl]3rc" B oacrBop obcrpeF. -av uo-d y.rox-,rfBoro K Koppo3L4, xpoMa. Bb aeneHHbp qacrrqbt oceAaNlrB 3neKrponxre, Koropbri BcneacrB/e 3lofo co speMefeMrepFer cBoe cBo'lcr30. anhren6Hoe aencrB4e ocraro,rHonnyrbcaqru BbnpFMneHHofo ro(a EbBbBaer o6pa3o8aHheyroMFHyrb x 6opo3aoK. 143,3a npukpbrBarourero 3+(FeKraroK He Aocru.aer my6oKrx o6nacren He6a, !4 3Aecb He npor,lcxoaur ypaBHLr' saHuF noBepxHocl.{; Merann B 3rrx MecraxocraercF, KaK npaBrjno, MaroBbrM, B 3roM cny,rae MoxHoycraHoB/rb AononHurenbHbrr karoA. Ero craBFr K caMoMymyooKoMy Mecry He6a, He xacaFcb KapKaca 66renbHoro

2.13.4 npoBepKa roqrioc

npfineraHrFHa MacTep-Moaenx

CHa!da KapKac npoBepF|or Ha HepoBHocru c HuxHei cro-poHb r,1 c BNyrpeH|en cropoHH MaMMepoB. Bce ocrpbErpaH, x KpaF ru]arenhro 3aKpy.nForcF repeA npunacoB,Kon. Ton5Ka nacne 3nenpon/rueecxon nonhpoB(Lr Kap-kacb oorenhHbx npore3oB np/nacoBbrsa6rcF Ha MUAeIb.rlpn 3roM HyxHo 06paqarb BHuMaHue Ha co6noaeHueycra,

N4aroBaF, Heaocraro!No 6necrFUraF noBepxHocrb perheeHot Ayf, OorenbHorc npore3a BepxHenpoxHo Aopa6arbrBaercF rynbM, uaposr4AHbrM 6opoM ,r3r8epAoro cnraBa. Pa6ora BeAercfi KpyfoBbtMr4 Asuxe-HuFMh,6e3 crn6Horo aaBneH'jF. Ecnf o$Oexr onecKa ocnaoeBael ro 3reKrponrr HaAo saMeH,1Tb.

HosneHHorc npx rcMepeHL4/ Moaen, HanpaBneHrF BBeae-NrF npore3a, erooH oH He nepeKauMBancF. rrr' ic MoxercnerKa cocKa6nuBarbcF ronbKo KoHqaML4 KnaMMepoBLaronbxo E npeAenax pereHquoHHbx oonacrei. 3aech !axo,aFrcF axrrBHbre nnelr,r MaMMepa, koropbre yaepxrBa/ornpore- B o6nd. 'e \ no lpyrpeHu/ . TMbh.onooHhre 3v6" . o rp" .uq lBaa L- ,pdHhe / rcd Ecnh r r ' cBce-raKx cocKao,lfBaercF 6o,1bure HeooxoA,]Morc, ro sHy-rpeHHDro cropoNy knaMMepa (3a ucKnbleHueM xoHqaknaMMepal) o6pa6arbrea6r rynbM urapoBuafEM 6opoM ,p*,iHoBbrM nonupoM. funcoBaF Moaenb nocne noca4KrlKapr(aca rqarenbHo KoHrponupyercF Ha nospexEeHuF.Bce BbrFBnelHbre Ha 6ErenbHoM npore3e noMexh AorxHblqere|anpasneHHo yAanFrbca. naiue,/e cBo6oaHon ar 6a-naHca nocaaKu tyeue npoBepFrb noa ny.on. Oco6eHHoroBHUMaNMF rpebybr oKKn|o3uoNssre HaKlaaKu u Merarnr-

Ha pereHurFx KotsqeBbx aeaeKroB, Koro-pbe AonxHb nnorHo nprnerarb K Moaen/. KraMMepd HeraK xecrKo QukcLlpyrorcF Ha3y6ax, KaK arraeMeHbrxnu renecl(onbr. 6onee Bbrcol<on co6crBeHHon noAB,xHocrrKnaMMepHofo npore3a npoDlBoAencrByer nnorHoe, 6e3BcF(oro HanpFxeHuF, npuneraHue KnaMMepa K 3y6y. npo-6neMarreHbrM FBnFercF npxnacoE(a B npenapupoBaHHbrxna3ax anF oKKno3uoHN6/x laKraaoK. KpaF HaKnaaoK, Bo,36exaHue rpaBM, AdxHH 6brrb cnerKa oKpyrneHHb MM,Ho, reM He MeHee, Mex4y HrMr. h ux noxeM HeAonxHo 66trb3a3opa. nocre np/nacoBKr4 KapKaca Heo6xoAuMo cAenarb| -a renb-dn koH-ponb c r r 'u -e (xox x a / raMu-dor j oh ! o -3r1u B aprurynnrope:B 4aearbHoM cnyqae oKOo3uoHHbrecacru knaMMepa Ne uMeor

HacbrqsHHbt 3neKrponrr re AonxeH nonaAarb s kaHa-nrcaqu|o!B oAHoMnurpe laxoAFrcF nprMepHogo r uo-HoB rFxenhx MerannoB; Herrpanu3aqrF 6yAer HeEocra,roeHoi. Snexrponuru'recKhe pacrBopbr ccuraFrcF cne-qxoueecKuMx orxoAaM4, Koropbre nprHl,1Maor Ha yrr-nrcaqu|o cn€qranb!bro npeAnpxFliF. OcHoBHon KoMno-HeHr pacrBopa, coaepxaqerccepHyro Kucnory-3rosrM-

nptnacoBKa fonh<o doqe .t Krportr4eecKon nonupoBKt!

1 1 2

I-,raea II fia6oparopxbre oranbl

2.13.5 KoppeKrypa M 06pa6orKa pe3xHoBr,rMhnonupaM,l

:: r.knoletsreM Ayff BepxHaii eenbcrf r BNyrpeHHrx:-.poB MaMMepa KapKac nonHo.r6b nonrpyer.a pe34Ho:: riI nonhpaMh Ton hko raKr M o6pa3oM oxtsoAocrrrHyr6.? !Kor . poBHor noBepxtsa . r , Fe6onhuuu pa3Aenf r€nb.

-- r,1 arckoM I cneeeHtsb M a:,ipvor o6nacri MexAy or4ef6HE Mf snerrefraM/ Knarr

o O o " , / u " " - " i p " / ^ c: . ro fc KapKacanony laereerKf , ko ts ryp KnaMMep6L Ha

r t a p t - r u o , , p " r ' - t o p o v i 1 4 o::NHfr€nb ocropoxtso 3arnaxfEabr.F pe3ftsotsE M non,:r..i np, 3roM kotsefkf kfaMMepa rurarenb!o :arynnF

- v t a - ^ ' r a -a ,P- j , / . i F r aif 06pa6arE Ba6r.F tseoon6ufM pe3ffoBb M nonfpoBo!-" I AhcKoM CenapfpoBatstsEe rnr rpyAtsoAocrynfbe ArF

. i oBo o /poBo - a / oB 06 . d a o6pdd" dB" .ri.F non4poEo!tsBrMr cropofa ayff: : rx r€ f eenDcr f o6pa6arE Eaer .n pe3f tsoBEM/ non,

(o D o6nacrFx tse npuneraburrr- .nf3"cro'ri o6ono!Ke {Faphe palal ). Kpar npore.a oco;tstso raM |Ae ayfa rioxer o.ecrE ,n, ,Meer jenocpea-

: H.ftsE tl kotsraKr K F3br(y 3aKpyfnFbrcF .fnBtsee, ru1a

2.13 .6 nonrpoBKa H KoHe. rHbr i KoHrponb6rcrenbHoro npoTe3a nepeA npuMepKoi;

l nF nonupoBkr 6b fenrHoro npore3a y io rpe6nFor x€-r i ( fe nonfposanbfb e u rerKf f3 ra rypanEHor u rer rH6 l: i i nonupoBKf tsyxHo ucnonb3oBarb cneufanbHo npea

.3Ba!eHtsE e AnF (aOanbroxpoMoBbx cnnaBoB non ipot lonrpyor co cKopo

: -LE Bpau le ts rF np fMeptso 2 800 o0 /M,H Ocropoxro: .o6ets tso KnaMMep6 nef (o 3aq€nfFErcF 3a Bpaurao. - r ! ocF urc rKy lon fpoBo! tsu i 60K. Aonxets !Mer6 B6.x ry , 6ecre tseBoe ocBeure ts re Xopouee ocBeu leHfe

.eo6xoauMo anF ryque ' l i oqeHKf noBepxtsocrh npore:oB OrnonnpoBaHHaF noBepxtsocr6 Ne AonxHa ,Merb-L iKaKfx y rnybneNfh I uapanr r

lnF 3epKan6tso fo 6ne.ka 0epyr ry xc nonupoBo!HyE- i r . ry I cpeatsero pa3Mepa Kpyrnyo u terKy c aepeEFH.1nt .epaqeBf tso t l np ! npaBun6tsoh nphMeHetsr , nony- .e rcF Fp(o BUpaxets tsd t i sepKanEHE r i 6ne.k N4efx re:panutsb hc !e3aor nocne norapoAk, tso i i fo (oM c Be-

:JnBUf t i (o , r f !ec rDoM nacru . Tu tarenr tsan. Aocr i ri y rnoB (oHe!NaF nonhpoBKa npenf l r

. rEVer 06pa3oEats fk ) tsanera fa Merannuc€cKon Kap-r .ce TpyAfoAocrynNb e Mecra nonrpybr .F Na MuKpo

' . rope ManetsbKo, u rero !ko t i nonrpoEKa kapKaca Ha_fn .oBoM LroKone. Koropbr t i hoxHo uHAuE"ayanbBo f3 -_ . roBf r6 6e3 6on6uot i .a rparh .peNreB, npeAorparaer oco6eHtso 6o fenbfb e npor€3br Bepxtseh !enbcr ir r aerFopMaurh . lnF 3ro fo f fnc ryc ro 3aMeursaercF

t

| :

lnaea II - na6oparopHble eranbl

Cun6Hoe orpaxeHue Ha Bua14Mbrx !acrFx uaMMepa MoxHoyMeHburrh, ecnu onecKocfpyrlrb KnaMMepd creKnflHHb MunepnaMu (50 uM). AnF,rucro B/3yarh|oro 3QQeKra pereH-LrMu npore3a nepea npxMepKot MoxHo onecKocrpy/rb(250 uM). AnF 3rofo yxe or.onhpo8aHHbre o6nacrh rqa-rensHo noKpbrBabrcF noAroroBurerbHb M BocKoM. tlro66lpereHqr'4no3xeHe npocBeq Batrch!epe3 nnacrMaccy LixMoxHo nokpbrrb onaKepoM ununaKoM po3oBorc qBera. rle_peA o-rnpaBkon npor*a K Bpa\ry Ha nprMepKy ero KnaAyrHa l0 - 15 M'4Hyr B ynbrpa3ByKoByro BaNHoqKy c fopflenMpacrBopoM unx oqL4u]a€r napoM.

KoHrporbHbrn cnucoKAnF oKoHcarenbHoro KoHrponFnepea nprMepKon KapKaca

. CoorBercrBreu3roroBneHHoto npore3ana6oparopHoMy 3aKa3y

. llnorHoe, 0e3 HanpFxeHr{F npline|aHMe kapKaca K

. CoorBercrBLr'e nonoxeHuF knaMMepoB ,x '43MepeHu'o

. ToeHoe npuneEHre HaKnaaoK(HanpLr'Mep, Bnpenap,poBaHNbrxna3ax)

. HukaKMx ocrpbrx r(paeBlBepxNFF lenocr6, aopcanbHbri Kpai)

. 3aKpyrneHHb e KoHud KnaMMepoB

. lnaaKre BHyrpeHHue cropoHb KnaMMepoB

. BrcyarbHafl npoBepKan'4rbF 6e3 ae+eKroB

. HxKaKux uepoxoBarocren Ha NuxHei cropose

. OrcyrcrBre qapanuH, paBHoMePHbrx 6nec((Ha noAbF3breHon Ayrc c o6erx cropoHl)

. HxKaKrx noMex npu apruxynFutlL4

. HrKaKorc 3aBbLUeHuF fpl,rKyca t{3-34 3neMeHros

. ltroroBneHue c ro!Ku 3pe|]riF npo+ruaKruK, Kaprecau rnueHd (npoMbrBaeMbE Mex3y6!be o6nacrx,aocrarocHoe paccroFHhe K xpalo aecHbD

2.13,7 no3onoqeHre

[/No M naure|raM MeuaEr B,aaHbre, cepeopFHofo qBerannequ KnaMMepa Bo QpoFranhHon o6nacrf. AnF Hux 3ono-roi 3y6Hot npor* - 3ro npr3HaK BbrcoKoKaeecrEeHroronpore3rpoBaHuF. ranbBaHxqecKoe no3onoqeHhe aaer xe'naeMbn reinbrn 3otoro, orreHoK. Ho f3'3a noKp6r/F Mo-xer nonyexrbcF pa3Huqa norer uuuoB Bbr3brBaoqaF Kop_po3s|o, nooroMy or 3roro HyxHo orKa3arhcF flpoqHocrb

BUF M 6es rorc Ne rapaHrupo_BaNa rc'3a MexaHrsecKoii Harpy3Ku noBepxHocru. B Mec_rax, rae npore3 noaBepraercn 3nacrrqHot aeQopMaqLr'u,

cF. ToHKxt cnot noKpb[4F io_BepxHocr{ Moxer 6bnb noBpexAeH a6pa3uBHbrMr 3yoHb Mu nacraMu / r a. OcnapfBaercF u iepeHflroe rc qaco

Boi 14 |oBenuptsot npoMbruneNHocru HanEreBue NMrprlroMr/ra|a r3-3a HeaocraroeNou nnorHocrr cnoF. KpoMe rorc,orcnoeHue Moxer nporconru u3 3a 3y6Hhx nacr, c$ropaAHb Mu ao6asKaMf li npoo/naKrulecx x fener,r.

2.14 nocraHoBKa 3y6oE x 3aBepureHrepa6orbl

nepea nocraHoBKot 3y6oB Bo BpeMF npvMepKu KapKacaKoHrponxpyercF ,inu 3aHoBo onpeaenFercF nprKyc. Anfl3roro Ha pereHqof ceAnoeuAs6!x eacret npore3aycraHaB,rrBaBr npMKycNbre Ban Kl4 r43 BocKa. nocraNoBKa ,cKyccreeHfbrx3y6oB oob eHo rc nnacrMaccu - nporcxoaurcor_nacHo +yHKLrMoHanbHb M acneKraM. ,4c_KyccrBeHHbe 3y6br c HaKnoHoM 6yrpoB B 20' 25'o6neFeaor pa3Mb KaHue 3yOHbrx pFAoB. tlroobr rc6exarb no_ABr4xHocru npore3a, 3y6Not rexHrK opueHrrpyer.F Hanoaco6Nbre nuHrr. np,{ nocraf oBKe 3y60B rpeoyercF He Ha'

Qyxar6 aucrdbNyro rperb npor*a Ba KoHueBoM ae-OeKre. Bbcora ucKyccrBeHHhrx 3y6oB ao,rxHa coorBer_

nu noKpbrrs M KoPoHKaMu ollopBbrM 3y6aM. PaBHb M o6pa3oM HyxNo ye{rbrBarb Bo3pacrnaquerroB: c orKpbrrb Mu uretKaMl,l ffh co creprbrMu no_sepxHocrFMx 3y6b BbrrnFEFr crapee, ero ynyquaer uxecrecrBeHHocrb. f ocra8neHH6re 3y6br, ceanoBxaHb e !ac_ru '4 +yHKqhoNUbHb€ KpaF npore3a BnhFor Ha onrrqe-cKoe BocnprFrre HoBoro 3y6Horc npore3a. UpoBdH ureK,BbrpaxerHbre npoaonhHbre MopuruHbr or Noca K ry6aM, araKxe npoQunb ry6 MoxHo noanpaBurb coorBercrByro_urr.{M, cnequanhHhrM o$opMneHheM npore3a. 3rx MeponpuFTI.{F ynylua6r o6qri sl,lAnuqa naqueHra.

Oco6eHNo Heo6xoar.{Ma npuMepKa c focraHoBKo, ucKyc_crBeHrbx 3y6oB Na BocKe npu npore3upoBaHux EbrpaxeH-"r !e+e-oB ,y6ro o p"aa x aederroB dpo ra "roxo6nacrM. npx He6orburux +poNranbrbix aedeKrax 3y6hlnpuralrBaErcF M nprKpennForcF K 3aurnrHoir nnacruHenpore3a nnacrMaccoi noa qBer 3y6oB. AnF ceEnoBuaHbrx,racreri npore3a nphMeHF|orcF xonoaHbre unu aBrononuMe_pu3arbr. npu ,cndh3oBaNru nnacrMaccbr ropFeen nonuMepu.J-ly va. rep-voAe 4b o66F o novae .q. np/ roroaHoinonuMeprcaquu xcKyccrBeHHbe 3y6b +ukcupyErcF c no_MoulbNr d4rrxoFoBot Marpuubr. nocne roro Kak BocK 8btsnnaBneH, pereNr.lr.{,r Moxtso ioKp6Lrh onaKepoM noa qBer 3y_608 ffu po3oBoro uBera. AnF rorc qroou ucKyccrBeHHbre3y6br He ornaMbrBarrcb, r4x HuxrFF f osepxHocrb aenaercFrlepoxoBarot u noKpbrBaercF coeaL,lHFroulL/M BeqecrBoM.Ea3rcNaF nnacrMacca non/MeprcMpyercF noA MrHuManb_HbrM AaBneHueM B 2,5 6apa, creMneparypon Boad s 42'CBpeMF no,rrMepmauux - 15 Matsyr nepexoabL Mexay Me_ran,loM ,1 nracrMaccot c HrxHei cropoHH npore3a aon_xHbr 6brb o+opMneHH eerKo | 6e3 3asopoB. raedbHocneuhabNoe coeaLr'NeHUe c nnacrMaccot (NanprMep, cuc_

Ecnu Bo BpeMF o6pa6orK, nracrMaccb noBpexaaercFMerannueecKaF noBepxHocrh, ro uapan Hb o6F3arenbHoHaao rutarenbNo aopa6orarb

.j-.

Draea II - Ia6oparopHbre oranbl

2.15 PeMoHT 6prerbHbrx npore3oB

PeMoHr 14 yBenuleNue 6a3ucoB, ocooeHHo HoBbx npore-3oB oro noqr,4 BceEa rpeoylourun MHoro BpeMeHu / rpy-aoeMKxi npoL]ecc OrnoMaHtsbe nnequ xraMMepoB MoxHoaor ' dHoB/rb I onlKpyrnox ' e .o rHy-excF . raMMep 'ot'poBoaokot. Bo Bpev" o6pa6o k/ / no' upoBh/ oH. ra"d

,lFercF , nonylaer HeooxoAuMyo ynpyrocrb. np, nonoM-Kax Bcraer Bonpoc o npfqr|]ax. racro cunbHaF arpoeuflnpuBoa/r B o6nacr/ npuneraHuF ceAnoBraHbrx lacreqnpor€a x nonocrFM noa npore3oM. Onrpaor4utcF Ha 3y06rnpore3 HaeuHaer oanatscupoBarb eepe3 Naoaaxu, eroBneler 3a co6on nonoMKy. B 3ron cL/ryaquu peMoFrNeo6xoauM / paq/oHMeH ronbKo B co!eraHuh c repeoasr-poBKori ceAnoBr4aHbrx eacrei npore3a 143 3a tse3Halu-renhroi ronuuHb cnoMaHHbe uaMMepbr unM cnoMaHNbreayru nylLr]e caenarb noa BnuFfneMreMneparypbr Bo BpeMF natKLr'cnnaBoB. KnaMMepbr Mofyr norepFrh cBoro cra6Lr'nbNocrb,nprnof rc oenoro 3onora Bbaenf,orcF rtBeroM, a He3ar!l4qeHHE e nnacrMaccoBb e ceAnoBfAH6re qac

cropaor9a-cro AnF ycvneHrF cnoMa|Hot noalF3b.r|ot ayfu r4fl4 yBenuqeHuF 6a3uca np/MeHFor cnequdbHyo KnaMMepHyNlnpoBonoKy. tlp,l oroM qacro Bo3Ht4Ka'or oourpFbre MecracnaiKu c oonbuiuM coaepxaHreM npunoF. n$roMy nyeue

na3ep CoBpei,teHFbe rexHonoruu, ynpo-.dourue pevoH-. l ,dnp/vep re\Honorxu nd3ep-on

c8apKx) He aonxNb ucnonBoBarhcF ann roro, lroobrpe-MoHrupoBarb crapbe npore3br, yrpar'4Burue cBo'o QyHK-

nepea pa6oron npore3br ooF3arenbHo ae3uHOhqupyorl

2.16 TexHororxx coeAuHeHuF

2.16.1 na3epHaa cBapKaLASER: Liqhr Amp lcarion by Slmuraled Emssion ol Fad aioi

coeaxtseHuF MarephanoB, na3epHaF.Brp^d i p6v / renbHo pdJBuBrJc" / npo- o 060, HoBd-

nacb B 3y6Hot rexHrKe. CoeAuHFeM6re cac

Moxtso 6Ecrpo , roqHo cBap'4Earb co cxo4rbif Ao6aBaqHbtM tuarepkaroM (aononHurenbHbn cBapolHbrn Marep/an). BbrcoKaFKoBueHrpaquF aHepruu B oAHoi o,reH b ManeHbl<ot oOnacru,B orn/eae or nari(u, orpaHucuBaer h coKpaqaer repMree-cKoe BnoFNue Ha npor$ Bo BpeMfl ero peMoNra.3ro aaernperMyurecrBo B roM, ero Bocnpu,{Mer,lBbre cnnaBbr, urBbnaiK,1 ,1n,1 nnacn4acca ocratarcF HenoBpexaeHHbtMr. arcMeHeHre oKpacKh orpaHu!uBaercF. TexNonor/F na3ep-Ho/ cBapK/ rapaHrhpyer rolHhre, BbrcoKoi npo!Boc

coe-A/HeHhF MerarnreecKrx Marepfa,roB, CBapKa oA,tHa(o

c Ao6aBoeNbrM MarepaaioM haeHrreHarococraBa c$Aaer B urofe 6LiocoBMecruMoe coeArHeNfe.

lnaea II - fla6oparopHbre granbl

Ita3epHaF cBapKa rcpaHf ,We, npoeqoe, 6uocoaMecrtMoe

npaBrnhHo nporcBeaeHHbe na3epoM cBapoq|bre urBH ro-MoreHHbr, He uMeor ycaaoeHbx paKoBrlH u nponyckoB.

AnF nonyeeHhF na3epNoro nyea cBer or nKoHqeNrpr4pyercF qepe3 Kp14crann.' FBnFt]urr4tcn BcnoMo'a enb-oM cpFA.-Bov. Fa 6one" Bd.ok/ / ' eo u-e! .un

ypoBeNh. Bo3HrKUun na3ep|brn ny,r coAepxur c-ronbxorHFpr/ / . ro He ro46kur ao4eu ' e-KyHAbr Moxer HarpeBarbcF 3a npeaenbr MoMeNra nrasneHuF. OnrueecKu c+oKycfpoBarBbrt na3epNbrt ny! Hanpa-BnFercF B pa6oey|o KaMepy. 3apaNee ycraHaBnuBaorcfl uH-ar4Br4ayarbHbre napaMerpu AnF BapK/: NanpFxeHL4e,BpeMF BAonFx ceKyHAhr, aMaMerpOoKycaB MM. eGMoxHaaononHurenbraF ycraHoBKa SopMb nynhcaquu. HarlBbrc-uaF nnorNocrb 3Hepr// nasepHoro nyla faxoaurcF B 06-nacrh So'ryca. B 3roM Mecre ooreKr Ha,oonee cerKo Bx-AeH noa MuKpocKonoM. l4Hrerp/poBaH|bt e oKynFpe Bu-3rp. noMoraer Hairu qen6 Ha o6EKre. AnF nonyleHrF 6e3ynpeeHofo coearHefuF co6nEAeH/e oc-HoBNb x rexH4eecKL4x npaBun.' Nd, YAG = nrp,i anoMfHf$H,

TexHonorra npuMeHeHnF

ArF yMeHbueHuF nepeKoca coeauHFeMbre !acr! Bo BpeMFcBdp<u 4or {Hr p" .o! / rb c B hoHr"kr . . Tol -eo6.oauvocrLr' KoHraKr co3aaercF c noMoutbro aononHnrenhHoro Ma-repuana. B ,AedhHoM cnyeae efo cocrae coorBercrByercBapuBaeMoMy cnnaBy XapaKrepfaF OopMa cBapoeNorousa: HenpepbtsHbtt uoB aHb x orAen8B6rx cBapolHhx nyHKroB. AononHxrenbFb ncBapocHbrii Marep,1an aonxeH nprKnaahrBarbcfl K o6!eKryraK, ero6br na3ep|brn nyc Mor oecnpenFrcrBeNBo aocru-GrbnoBepxHocr/ o6r,eKra. fpf 3roM Baxtso, ero6braonon-BurenbHbrt cBaposHbrh Marephan u cnnaB pacnnaBnFnqc6oaHoEpe r',1 e H Ha. l loarorcBKa cBapoeHoro uBa cyurecrBeHHo3aBucrr or rcoMerp/M o6reKra, fo3roMy pa3nu'raorcfl oo

ao n o,s u r e t b H bt ti M ar ep u a,

BnF c6apK4 3aKph'BaefnoBep\Hocrb o6teKra

npaE nbeo: na3epqbtt tycnodaaaef sa noBePxBocfb

LljupHbe r roeecHbre KoHraKrNbre o6nacr/ / coorBer-crBeHtso ucnor$yercF oxpyxHae vrv tryboKae cBaPKa.

CBapolHbrt uoB npoBepFercr yxe Bo BpeMF ero ucnonHe-HUF Ha o6pa3oBaHre rpeu]fH, nop, oKpacKy (oK'icneH'4e) 'jnepeKoc. Ecnq ecrb ou/6Ku 3y6ron rexHuk npepbrBaernpoLrecc c3apK4 u onrxM/3Mpyer ycrarosneHHbre napaMer-pbr. 3ro ra'(xe KacaercF npaBfnbHoro no3,lquoF,lpo8aHtrF

rie3HaqurenhHac lonqhHa Mareprana:

O6reKrd He6onbuon ronrllfNbr cBapuBaorcF 6e3 ,lcnon-HeHUF V'o6pa3Bofo uBa. 3aecbna3epHbrn ny,r Moxer tny'6oKo npoHu Karb B Marepra, ,{ non Hocrso pa3BuBarb cBoe

AetcrBue. LlepeayeMoe cBaphBaHre npor/BononoxBbxcropoH yMefburaer nepekoc o6beKroB. Sror nporrecco6o3HaeaercF KaK MaccrBHaF unu rnyooKae cBapKa.

MaccrBHbre o6reKrhr:

A iF na ' -oq / . - ro r lHot i cBdphu Ma"uBHbrr o6bFt -oB

lpy . apyrov ro !o oBx e ,o-o aenae-cF V oood Hbr r iB +opMe X. 3aKpbrhe uB

np MeHeHr.F He3Hacurer8Hot 3Hepruu B o6nacr, '(oHraKrHoro nyHKra, aprl 3roM aononH,lrenbHhrt MarephanfaBapvBaercF nocneaoBarenbHo - roeKa 3a ro,rKoti. &'FooleKroB, Koropbe Nenb3F /nr He HyxHo cBapnBarbnon_Hocrbo HacKB036, npuMeHFlor rar( Na3b BaeMy|o "o(pyx-

Nylo' hnu .nycroreryF' cBapKy rlpu raKoM Meroae coe-

a/BFeMbe eacru c8apoBabrcF BoKpyf ronEko Na rny6xHy.p/MepNo B 1 MM. npu 3roM Heo6xoa Mo, qro6H oraenb-H6ie cBapoctsEe nyHKru nepeKpHBanrcb 6onbure, eeM Ha5 0 ' ! . 3 - o - d p a r r 4 p y e r n o r o . e , b n . i J t J e - - " i a -Koppo3uu cra6xnhHbrn cBapoeHbrn uio B. Kap'<acbL 6Erenb-Hbrx fporesoB Ne orHocnrcF x MaccuBHbrM ooleKraM rc-3a He3Ha! hrenbHori ron u.r,l F b Mareprana. 3aecb, KaK npa-B4ro, npuMeHFOr rny6oKyo cBapKy. t4cknoqeHue: Mac-cuBHaF foalF36rcHaF ayra! MaccuBHhrMu o6beKraM,FBnFlorcF MocroBriaHbe , 6ano!Hbe KotscrpyKqrq

| 6

a

lnaea II - Jla6oparopHbte eranbl

AeSeKrb, n nepexpbrrHe paccroqHrt:

npoMexyrKf 3anonNFErcF noAxaAquJtuuk KycorKaMA, Ha-npfMep, u3 nurHrxosbx KaHaroB rorcxe cnnasai nonyla-ercF npFMot (oHraKr, Koropbi csaprBaercF nocpeacrBoM

fp, cnnaBKe ,AeHrnrHbrx no cocraBy Marephanos nory,ra-8br, koropbre NaMHoro npesoc-

'rrFr napaMerpbr npocHocfu cnaFHHofo coeA4NeHUF. 9eMtelbae Bhtcfpenos nparcBoar4rcF, reM MeNhue prcK ne-peKoca |a xpynKocru uBa. B uAearbHoM cnyeae, nyHxrbr.Bapo!tsoro uBa nepeKpbrea'orcF npuMepNo, Ba B0 %. l/tH-a4BfAyanbHa8 ycraHoBKa napaMerpoB (cM. Bb!re) nGBonaer npuMetsF16 ,a3epNy6 cBapKy Bo Bcex 3y6orexHhcec-Kfx oonacrFx.AnF cBapKa rpyAHoAocryi F brx y!acrKoB rn,.!eHb rofKux o6r'eKroB (nrrbre KnaMMepb )ycraHaBnhBa,ercF Merbuuh AraMerp nyH{ra. B cBapoqHoM nyHKre KoHreBrp,rpyercF3Hepfl{F oqeHb Bb coKot nnortsocru, no3roMy-!u ronylEr BbrnonHFroLF. iopo,^r& BpeM-.eM !e7_

HanpFxenueM. rtp, no06be.roB H. pyMep noroFlbr-Hox

!yfu, ycraHaEn/BarorcF napaMerpb c MetshuuM auaMer-ooM nyNKra, Ho c BbcoxuM HanpqxequeM h c 6anee npa-iatxrfenbH6tM BpeMeNeM AeicrBt A.

0op napaMerpoB 3aBhc/ror Marepuana ron u.tr4Hbr o6teKraL,r oonacrx cBapK,t. napaMerpb ycraHaBnrBabrcH raKqro0b fe floBpeAurb nnacrMaccoBb e ceAnoBt4aNbre !aorx,arraeMeH6r '4r4 roHKue KpaF KopoHo(

Ha Bbrbop napaMerpoB Br,FerEKxe cocrosHxe noBepx-Hocru. eeM MeHbue orpaxeHhe, reM Bbue oA+eKrLiB-Hocrb Eeicrerfl Bb6paHHon koM6uHaqh,l napaMerpoB. no3ron npu!L4He pekoMef Ayercf, csapuBaeMbE nosepxHoc,ru 3aKpacrrh QnoMacrepoM lepHoro qBera l,1nu nycuenoaBepf Hyrb FecKocrpynHon o6pa6orKe oKcrAoM anNrMu-HxF (110 uM). AnF na3epNon cBapK, rxraHa noBepxHocrhHe3aKpauuBaFr, B nporuBHoM cnyeae Moxer nocrpaaarbcra6unbHocrb cBapoqNoro uBa.

nanoMKa r,naMMepoB

1.43-3a He6onbuoro norepe! Eoro ceqeHoF kraMMepa HeB03MoxHo npor3BecrL4 X- Mnu V-o6pa3H6i uoB. Focne o6pa-6orKx noBepxHocrei nepenoMa K Hrlrv npuknaAb saEr Ao-nonHurenbHbr; MarepMan. y noroMaHHbrx KnaMrrepoB

onHocrhlo 3aHoBo Lr' nprBap4BarorcF K ManoMy coeArNrreno unu B oonacrLr' nnela KnaM-Mepa. CBapolHbre urBbr HuKofAa HenMF Aenarb Ha aK,uBHon npyxuHrcron lacru xraMMepa. B KaeecrBe aononH/-rensHorc Marepuana AnF noe'1HKu MaMMepoB Moxtso rcno,1b3o8ar6 Wiroweld ,.

3b 6op Aonon NMrenbHofo Marep/araanF cBapK op/eHru.\rercF HacnnaB c 6onee sbrco'<!4M coAepxaHueMrpa,oqef

np'a coearNeluu 6Efenb!bx KapKacoB ,3:ccr c Brop'aeHoi KopoHKori n3 6narcpoAHoro cnnaBa Anfl

2,16.2 nprMepbt npxMeHeHl, |F ra3epHoi cBapKx

aaearHeHue CaC 6naropoAHbfi cnnaB

L ,

rT,i--rc uBht ta3epEon cBap<t:

:3apK, nprMeHFor aononHrrenbry|o npoBonoKy 13 cxoa--.ro 6naropoAHoMy cnnaBy Marepuara. AonoiBurenbHo:rF Brop,leHbx KopoHoK (KapKaca oorcnbroro npor*a)

AnF nasepHoro:reAureruF. Cra6/n6Hocrb coeAuHeHf F 6yAer nylule,:rnu oHo npoxoar4r Bepr/KanbHo, aHe rop,l3oHranbHo. Bb,

nonaMKa u yBenkseHhe AyM EepxHei 'tenocru

tiro6u cBapKa nonHocrhro coeAuHFra MaccusHb|e conpuKa-ca|oq,recF noBepxHocr/, Mecra nonoMk14 crbrKyrorcF.BaxNo ero6u E csapocHoM use nyHkrH nepeKpbrBanrlcbnpuMepBo Ha 80 %. Koru,recrBo cBapoqHbx nyHkroB AnFQUKcaLr/f araKxercroBofocBapoqHorouBaypaBFoEeuo_BaercF Mexay BepxHeii / BuxHei cropoHoi o6r,eKra. 3roasroo q Bc- io t opAnoc" , ̂ o7 Arq .BoooaHoro or _a-rpFYe. /a / oqFo o& a nph-a .o8h4 oer rnb drd

1 1 7

l,raea l[ - Ia6oparoPrule eranbl

nonaMKa ayru HhxHe, eetF:crtt

nocne 3arnaxuBaHMFX o6pa3Hoir OopMb. lnyooKy'o cBapky npou3BoaFr c ao_.onH,lren6HhrM MarepranoM Wlrowed' Ha oeeFb Ma..fBHoi noalF3bieroi ayre 6orcnbHoro npore3a aenabroKpyxHyro cBapKy. AnF 6onhuu)( npoMexyr(oe Mexrvo6EKraMu nyeLle nphMeHFrs rBAuB4Aya,rBBbre, Nanp4-Mep, rpane4eo6pa3Hbte eacru rc noxoxerc Marepuana

vcaaaeHLte paAoBt4Hbl

Fepea cBapKot ycaao! N bre paKoB"N b unu nopbr Bbrunuoo_TPYFTcF CBaPKa nPor3Boa,lrcF

c oaNopoaHE M aononHure/rbNbrM Marep/doM

nprMeqaRrF ann na3epHon cBaPKn:

. nepea na3epHon cBapKot Na Moae,l,l npoBepFpr npa-evnbHoe nonoxeHue KopoHoK tr KapKaca o'orenbHofo

. necKocrpynFot o6pa6orKo, cBaptlBaeMbx vea.rKoB _

Korox'50hnh110' yMeHbuaercForpaxeHhenoBepx_

. 3aururHb ii ra3 (aptoH) npeaorBpauraer oKvcneN/ecBapoqHoro uBa;paccroFFre Mexay connoM aprcHa /MecroM cBapKu nPLrMePHo 1 cM

' lepeaoBa|ueM iyHKroB cBapKu ,aKpect ,36emlornepeKoca. rlpu He3NacrrenbHoii nonepeeHoii ro,r uruHeMarep ana (HanPMMep, ayra Bep(He, een6crl/, KnaM_vepr BhrnonHAerco Inyoo.dF cBdpha. Co6noDaTre

aBycropoHHee npoNLr'l(HoBeNre na3epf oro nyea Bnror5

' roMoreHHbri cBapo'rHbri uoB: na3epH6rn ny! He orpaHh-erBaor B aencrBuu. O6paqaire BHhMaHue Ha dnru_

ManhHoe paccroFNMe (!erKoe u3o6paxeF,e o6teKra)

AononHurenh|brt Marepuan tse no3MquoHrpvFr 3aqeHrp na3epHoro tyca

' OrKnoNeHuF B oKpacxe cBapoeHbrx nyHKroB FBnFercFnprcHaKoM HeaocraroeHoi noaae, aproHa unu Bb6opacnruKoM Bb coKoro napaMerpa

. O6pa3oBaHre rpeuruHbr B cBapolHoM nvHKre yka3E_Baer Ha c,rrL!KoM BsrcoKyro 3Heprro na3epHorc nvea:yMeN6uurb anurenbNocrb nynbca usMeHerh NanpFxeHue, auaMerp +oKyca, npoBeprrb ycraHoBKv con_na aprctsa, Bbr6parb*opMy ny,rbcauuu B saBt{crMocru

. CBapoeHbri uroB: cBapolNbre nyHKrbr nepeKpblBabrcFHe MeHee,reM !a 50 %, raedbHo Ha 80 %

. XpynKre unu nepeKoureHHhre Mecra nonoMKr4 Bbrpe-3arb, 3aMeHFeMb|e yeacrKtl, ec,rM Heo6xoatlMo, u3roro'Burb saHoBo / cBaprrb MeroaoM rnyooKon ceapkq

. CnaflHHbre coeauHeH/F HeBGMoxHo npaBunbHo cBa_pur6 na3epoM (np/non teobxoauMo yAanurbl)

. lrF 3aurxrb npuMerFbr ra3 aproN BbrcoM H,rMyM4 6 (coorBercrByer creneH, qucrorbr99,996)

np, AaBneHf/ 1 - 1,5 6apa unM 8 _ 10 n/MuH

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Co6noAarire HaquoHanbHbie npeAnucaHrF no rexHuke

. vcraHoBKa, BsoA B 3KcnnlaraquF l, o6cnyxueaHheron6ko ynonHoMoeeHHbrMu n|oAbMl,l

Inana II - fla6oparopHbte oranbr

I reprrar cBapKa

y,rhrbrBanre HeBrArMoe rcnyqeHre na3epa, nonaAa-Hue Ha He3aquureHHbre eacrrrena Moxer np"secv K

ll36emire onacHocru paHeHriF pacceFHHbrM rc,1yee-HueM; oorreKr ycraHaBnh8aercF rakuM o6pa3oM,lroobr na3epHbrn ,1ye nalqan noA npFMbrM yrnoMB cBapolHon kaMepe NeAonxlo HaxoarrbcF HrxaKuxu3nuuHr,1x, peQneKrrpyour'4x npeaMeroB (u.trnub,,eacbr ,yKpaueHrnuxa. lA,lF ycraHoBKu Bbbrlpanre cyxre u xopor]lo flpoBerpk-

EannoH c aprcHoM ycraHaBnrsabr s BeprMKanhHoMnonoxeHrL4 u yxpennF|or qenbp

aonbuaHcrEo 3y6orexNrlecKux cn,lasos MoxHo 6e3 npo6ieM cBapurh Apyf c apyfoM. ,lcKnbeerue cocraBnFer! Ha-- puMep, cBapka rrraHa c He6naropoAHbrM cnnaBoM. CnraBbr:rF o'orcnbNhrx npor*oB WIFON]Ut\,,t. nnoc'rWironiti LA,:rrrMu3r4poBanrcb cneqranbBo anF nasepHoi cBapKu (co<.arleHHb 14 cocras yrnepoaal.<axAaF NoBaF rexHonorrF rpe6yer coorBercrByo/4eicaKr/Kuaorex nop, noKa eNr He oBnaaeeabr 3 coBepueN-

:-Be AnF HaaexrocT'l na3eptsoi cBapKx HeooxoAxMo ycra-ra,r6 Bce napaMerpbrB npaBrnbNoM coorHouelu'4 apyr K:.vry u coorBercrBeHHo no4rcroBr4rh npeaHa3HaeerHbE

2.16,3 To,{egHaF cBapKa'.':roa rolelHoii cBapKu - 3ro 3neKrpneecKaF cBapKa c co-

Pa6ora BeAercF c Nu3KuM HanpFXeH4eM::i6r), 6on6uon MourHocrboroKa (aMnep). npu pa3pFAKe

-:.tsleHcaropa Bo3HTKaET KoporK/e. curEHb|e csapoeHBre.,...ynbcbr. Ko7opbre o6ec.eerBa@r BErcoKyb npoeFocrb:-EKoB. OAUH 3neKrpoA ycraHaBnuBaercF Ha xapKace 6/0:rbNoro npore3a. Apyrcti 3neKrpoa npLr'xhMaercF K SrKcu-

:,rcuretcF lacru r eepe3 neAanb cGAaercF KoHraKr CHa--:ia AnF roeeerot cBapKu np'4MeNF6r Nu3Kyro sNepru€ 14::risercrByEulut xtsrep8ar BME!eH'IF. 3apeKoMeHAo_::ra ce6F nepqoAucecKaF ochcrKa o(rcneHAbrx KoHr]oB: :fpoaoB HaxaaeNotr oyMarcri.--. natKu Fa annapare anF role,lHon cBapKu 6NrrenbH6r|.r3(ac ycraBaBnuBa6r B 3axuMe pylNoro 3neKrpoaa' ':

l.bi; 1ra^ | pcE Men8o ' !c y-o,""Hb.r Jd-ev Mp, I o nark,-:rorpeBaercF cHr3y, u Ao6aBnFrorcF Onbc u nprnot. no:: aDaNHbe nepeA nanKoi KycoeKM rcCoCr- npunou SnKc/-:..rcF roceqHot cBapKon. HaKanuBaHxe yronbHorc 3nek-:r:a perynrpyercF 3neKrpulecKon neAar6|o. KoHeuK_:n8Horo 3neKrpoAa npu Korrane c o6rekroM nairKu Ha

Marepnan Ha.pesaercF cHr43y ao paooeen:,'neparypb. Han/ere BbcoKot oFepflix He n€BonFeruc

. _.!rrb noBpexaeH4e HuxHer cropofd KapKaca.

1 1 9

lnana II - fla6oparopHbte granbl

JIa:epnar ceap<a - rexHoJrorufl npI{MeHeHI'I{:

atKctpoBaE e aonotH,fer

cgapoeqht, aoB c nyHxraMt aa 'h ,ePeKpbtga@ttltMu

CBaFocH'tt uoB c Ao"onHtrqbHh$ Mareptanoq Whowetd'

Eqynpeen'tn na3epHbtn uoB Ha rcMotE PoBaHdoM nporae nocne norupoBKt ta3epiaq csapKa H8a@rHa

120

lnana II - fla6oparopHbte granbl

JIa:epnar ceap<a - rexHoJrorufl npI{MeHeHI'I{:

atKctpoBaE e aonotH,fer

cgapoeqht, aoB c nyHxraMt aa 'h ,ePeKpbtga@ttltMu

CBaFocH'tt uoB c Ao"onHtrqbHh$ Mareptanoq Whowetd'

Eqynpeen'tn na3epHbtn uoB Ha rcMotE PoBaHdoM nporae nocne norupoBKt ta3epiaq csapKa H8a@rHa

120

Inasa II - fla6oparopxbre eranbl

2.16,4 naixa KnaMMepHbrx 6lorerrbHbrx npore3oB

PeKoMeHAyercF nonr3oBar6cF npeuMyqecrBeHHo Mu(ponafln6BhrMu rcpenKaM/, Koropbre pa6oraEr Ba cMec/ nph-poAHoro ra3a oyraHa ,r, nponaFa c (rcnopoAoM AnFHux np /MeHF€rcF qrcnbcarbe Ha(oHe! f fK f a raMerpoM0 9 MM. I 2 MM xn, 1,6 MM Pefynrpo8Ka Ha!/NaercF c or-KpbrrrF ra3oBoro BeHrunF. To!raF ycraroBKa nnaMer/npo/38oarrcF 3a caer pefynoposaNrF npxroKa Kucno-poaa. LlrcnbHbrt FaKoFeqHuK B 0,9 MM nprMeFFercF anFroeeeHon na'jixf. HanprMep. B HenocpeacrBeHHoti 6,r,13o

rk noroM 3ra o6nacrb He 6yAer ornL,l,rarbcF no qBery naro ' .uCoC, p/ roF eppA rdu.o/ (b/ /pyk)r " oee- 07cBapKo, , pacnraBrFOrcF pe3(rM nnaMeHeM @n|oc Ha' o / r , F Bo a rd - HoM 8 /A6 V - " c r - l , n rd ' vd . oh Ao1 -xts6 nepea narlKorl flo(pb BarbcF repMo3aqL,lrHot.acrot

MrHoscta HaH ocurcP 3xoHoMEo

npul atBaahe 3onoturc xtaM$epa

cru nnacrMaccoBofo ceana, anfl noKpbruF KnaMMepoB 3o-noroM a raKxe ArF npqnaKnaMMepoB. l4 ronbNb M NaKotse !HuKoM B 1 ,2 MM nphna/Ba 'o rcF npoBonoK, , r r rEe KnaMMepE,

l p d H F o l ! o ) i d r o q H b l d p d . o a / " t u H d H a u F p / 0 7

tr3 6enoro 3onora. AnF 6on6uux o6nacren nanKu, raK/x

ayr4, AnF ysen/qeHuF KapKaca u aa..nprMeHF'or /rcnbHbrn NaKotselHuK a/aMerpoM 1,6 MMn pf MeHeHhe Qn ocoB 3HaeqrenrNo 3arpyaBFer nocrynnetsue kfcnopoAa. I yxe o6pa3o8a6uqecF oKcfA6, nrdatrrcF erc aocryna. B colerats// c nprnoeM u3 6enoro 30-nora npuMerFercF +nEc N4 noxyd' AnF cocFnpvnoeB cBaxBbcLr]ei reMfeparypon nna8nets/F nprMeNFor F ux'sol'xnu nopouroK 6ypbr ]lpxnou xMeor6onee H,r3KyoreM'neparypy nnaBn€H,rF qeM cnnaBb. BbrcoKoKaeecrBeHHbre.p/no, orn/eaErcF MenKo3epHucroii crpyKrypot h xopo

!nF narK/ ycaao!Nbx paKoB/N nop/crbre o6nacru cnerKa.6pa6arbrBaorcF +pe3aMu h a6pa3uBH6rM, /Bcrpy er-iadr. noBepxHocr4 AnF nariKh Ne AonxHd o6pa6arb'BafucF pe3rtsoBbr\ru nonrlpaMu Upunoi (HanprMep. M no!yd') r atsocrrcF 3KoHoM tso u MecronaiKrl Henpepb BFo HarpeBaercFcH,r3yao pa6o!ei reMneparypbr. rlp/non u3 6e-rorc 3onora (WG 1 - 930'C) npMKnaa6rBabr nuHqeroM!Bo BpeMF o6pa6orK/ M nonfpoBku HyxHo ycfr6rBar6 Mer6uyb rBepaocrr 3onororo iprnoF B cnyeae cKEo3Hbrxrr6epcrut. af rfl+noc rpeAor apauaer n p a c f pen k BaH t erprnofl. AnF 3aKp6rrufl ycaAo!!EX pakoBuH u nop nycueipu eNFrb CoCr-np/noi, eeM npunon ,3 6enoro 3onora,

Mepbr npeaociopoxHocrr:

Fapu q n6nr KaAMaF oqe He np/MeHF'1rerpuno|4. coaepxaqxe KaaM4rl

2,17 YBenree{Ae 6a3uca

np, tseo6xoAhM6 x yBenreeHqFt6a3rca MHoroM naqueFraMHyxtso pa3rrFcH/rb. ero nocne 3KcrpaKuh/ 3y6o8 Heo6xo-AqMo AoxAarbcF paH6r. 6e33y6be

Moaenu aonxHb no4roroBurenbtso 3d,/ ruraren6Ho BbrpaBHuearbcF. TorbKo ipu

He6onbuax yBen/eeHrFx 6 npuMelFrh rex-HuKy cHErhF Backa. B oraM cnyeae Macrep-Moaenb u3onu-py€r. a 3areM Moa€nrpybr HyxNyro lacrb, KoropaF 3areMcN/MaercF. FepeA naKoBKo, o6r'eKr nokpbrBaercF Men(oarcnepctson naKoBo!Nori Maccoi. AnF ,3roroBne!/F ao-iortsfrenbfbx KnaMMepoB ,nu 6onbu/x la.reiii Ayrf AenaercF. KaK o6b !Ho, Ay6nukar MoAe,rb 3Aec6 ,lAeanbNoAnF coeArHeNfF nprMeF'lrb na3ep. lzlk MoxNo r36exarh,Naiprtuep. NaHeceNfF o6urpBoro cnoF cnnaBa oenoro 30

3onotot 6enbtn nptnot HaE

121

Ilraaa III - Peaxqru Ha HecoBMecrrMocrb

TqarenbHbt noAoop Marepuana AnF oEfenbHorc npor*a(cnna8, nnacrMacca) npeaynpexaaer noFBneHxe y naqLr''eHra peaKuxn fpaBhnoM 6e3,cKroeeHut FBnFercF nprMeHeHxe BbrcoKoKaeecrBeH-Nbx, npoEepeHNbrx Marephao8 u ux.paBrnbHaF o6pa6orKa. AnF KoM6aBMpoBaNNbrx paoor 3apekoMeHAoBanace6F KoM6uHaqMF u3 onaropoAHorc cnnaea AnF BHeuH,rx(opoNoK u CooFcnnaea A,1F KapKaca 66renbHoro npor*a.KapKac oNrfenhHoro npore3a u KopoHKa rc onaropoAHoro

He3Nae4ren6H0e npeapacnonoxeNfe K peaKqrli (pa3Hrqa noreHqhanos). noreHqranH cno-KoncrBrF 3rrxcnnasoB oce!6cxoxri. KpoMe rorc, naccrB-H6rt cnon CoC rcnnaBa npeAorBpauraer nepeaaey 3neKrpo-HoB. lvlHoro,rerHut npaKrrqecKri onbrr noKa3b Baer eroAnF koM6uHupoBaHHon rex|uKu He o6F3arenhHo rcroro-BnFrb KapKac o|orenbHoro npor*a roxe u3 onarcpoAHorocnnaBa. l-lo B cBF3u c aruM !acro renalorcF ouru6oqHb|e Bbts

cKa3brBaHuFr HeKoropbp KnuHulecK e KaprxHb y naq/eH-roB HeonpasaaHHo auarHocl4pyorcF KaK peaKquF Ha He-coBMecruMocrh ,n,l anrepfliF Ha onpeaene|Hbre Marepx-d6r. [p,lMeHneMbe anF 6ErenhHoro npore3upoBaHuF Marepnand, B noAaBnFouteM 0orbuLiHcrBe cnyeaeB, xopoulonepeHocFrcF nauuetsraMu. Onpo6oBaHHbe Ko6arbroBbecnna8H anF 6|orerEHEx nporeoE o6naaaor 3aMeearen6-Hot crotKocrbNr K Koppo3ux. CoaepxaHue xpoMa rapaErupyer ebrcoKyrc nacc,BHocrh cnnaBa. Ann BhrFcNeHuF roe-Hot nprquHbr HaonoAaeMbx crMnroMoB Heo6xoAuM Aurp-OepeHquposaHHbri noAxoA. HyxHo npoaHanu3upoBarhbaKrapb , Kacalouluecq naureHra, arade rcHcrpyKuuoH-

6yc noBneBHhte M are pu at oM acneKr6r.Takon xe aHanrc rpe6yercfl, ecfu Na ioBepxHoc 6bren6Hof o npore3a Ba6nEAaorcF noreMHeHf F, npreuHblHyxflo Bb FcHFrb nocpeAcrBoM rutarerbHorc aHaMHe3a, oc-Morpa u afarHocruKr4.

1 ? 3

lnasa III - Peaxqnu na HECOBMECT'IMOCTb

3.1 OaKrop naqreHT

npx noucKe npu,liH x aHanrce KnuHxeecKot HecoBMecruMoc

Haao B nepByo oqepeah o6parvrb BNuMaHre ra pe-xuM non$oBaHuF npore3aMu, a rakxe Na yxoa 3a HhMu.CnopHon FBnFercn qenecoo6pa3Nocrb 6ecnpepbrBHoro f o'ueHuF npor4a. Ho ecn/ 3y6Hon npor$, tsanpxMep, cftr-

rh c ae+eKraMM 3y6Horo pFAaruuraercF aononNrlrenbHoi onopb, obecne,rxBaeMon 3yoHbM npor$oM. OrcyrcrBre npor*a Moxer NeonarcnpuFrHoorpa3rrhcF Na lenocrHoM cycraBe u crpyKrype NeOa,no3roMy naqreHrbr aonxHbr cHuMarb npor€ ronbko AnF,rucrK,l. O6nacru cnu3rcrotr o6onoeKq, noKpbrbre 3y6H5rMpo-e3ov.oonbue He Eoc-vn.a AnF ecrec-Be-Hot caMo-

o!ucrK4. KpaF aecHbr pearxpy'or eyBcrBurerbHee Bcerc Ha3ro uckyccrBeHHoe noKpbrrue. KpoMe ro.o, orpaHr1]uBa-e (F Vaccupy|ouepaei' rBMe F3brxa B 06, a(.x He6a u.cne-aoBarenbHo, KpoBocFa6xeHre cnLr3rcron o6ono,rKLi. naq|4'eHr AonxeF perynFpHo MaccrpoBarb MFfKon 3y6Hot urer-Kon o6nacru, nocroFNHo noKpbrbre npore3oM. npx 3roMyEanFercF Faner Ha cnf3ucrot ooorolKe u ynyluaercF

3y6Hon npore3 cGAae aoanbHyro cpeay anF pa3M8oxe-HrF rvuKpoopraHrcMoB. 5a(repuu u rpr6Ku uMe'orxopo!rreycnoBufl *r4Jtsl Bo Bna{Hot x rennox cpeE. noa o.Hosotnpore3oB. l,4x pa3Brrue ocooeHHo ycrnrBaercF Ha uep-uraEon, nnoxo ornonfpoBaNHon noBepxHocru npore3a.npaBrnhHoe nurbe Merdna u rurarenhHaF .onxpoEKayMeHbura€r o6pa3oBaHre Hanera Ha noBepxHocv kapKaca6orenhHoro npor*a. BcneacrBue saceneHxF Mr.{Kpo6oB 14HeyaoBnerBopurenbHoro yxoaa 3a nonocrbo pra, MoxerBocnanhrbcF cnrcxcraF o6ono!Ka'. nauLr'eHrbr xaryErcfiHa pa3ApaxeHre cnr3rlcron o6ono!Kri, Koropoe ucKaxaerBa.npuaaqe 60'1 , reMneparypbt h eygcrBurenbHacrh t<aa B n e H u b. " A.ob eHHo.eproeHo noKuu3rpyeMbre Mecra 6onr, noKpacHeH'.1n, o6pa-3oBaHue fy36rpEkoB, HapyueH4e sbraeneNvF ceKperacn|oHbr, cyxocrb nonocrrl pcron o6onoeKM nonocrn pra""[4earlKaMeHrdHaF repanuF, HanprMep, oFpeaeneHHbMuaHruaenpeccaHraMu lin,l cHorBopHbrMr4 cpeacBraMx MoflTyo4rrrb BbriieHa3BaHHbre cuMnroMbr u3-34 coKpaureHuFBbraeneHhfr cekpera cnloHbr.

naq{eHrd npeuMyurecr - eaqe BcexnpearrFBnFlor Bpaqy nperexeno, |4nu coBceM Ne npxcnocaonfBaprcF K HoBoMy npo're3y. nooron npheuHe HoueHue npore3aAonxHo 6brbor-noxeHo ao ucae3HoBeHuF ynoMFHyrbrx FBneH r.

l, lporesdri fddf

l43Me|eHue qBera KapKaca 66renbHoro npor$a Moxer6brb BbEBaHo ycnoBuFMu 4r3uonofl4lecKon cpeabr nono-crli pra. Heo6xoar4Mo BbrFcHr4rb Hanu,rLie BeqecrB, o6pa-3yrou.rux Narer fn, cnoco6crByrou.rrix erc noFBneHulo. Up14qhHon Moxer 6brb ynorpe6neHue KoSe, eaF (ay6',1nbHaf,Kr4crora) unu KypeHue (cMona). 9pe3Meproe norpe6neHuera6a!Hbrx npoayxroB Her36exHo npuBoahr K reMHo-Kopue-

cepPav urMFFrrbrM o noleHxFv. B oraenbHbxcnyqaFx of li raK rnyooKo BnfrbrBarcrcF, ero aaxenocpeacrBoM rpyaoeMKoi oopaoorKri u nonl,lpoBkh yaa-

cro Ne nonHocrhro. Herocraro,{-HaF r'4rueHa nonocr,r prayxyAuraercuryaquo. npueM onpe-AE,TENHbIX MEALr'KAMENTOB MOXET flP|4BECTU K IrcMEHEHIO

Bo3MoxH6rM14 nocneAcrBuFM/ MofyrPeaKqu'1 c aY0H6rM npor4oM

|4,rf cn,raBaMu. IeKapcrBa, coaepxaurLr'e cepe6po, qepo3ocaaoK cynboraa cepe6pa Moryr Bb sBarb cepbre noreMHe-NUF Ha 6lorcnbHoM npor*e. 3BecrNo raKxe noFBneHueKoou,rHeBon oKoacxu Ha noseDxNocru cnnasa. B03MoxHaFnpu!rHa ocraroK Meran,ra or reepaocnnaBHbx Qpe3 ururpuHxpyEur/x uHcrpyMeHroB raKux, KaK uapoBuaHb, 6op

qeroqKa. vcrteHHyro o(pacKy MoxHoHaonNlaarh B rex Mecrax xoropbre Ne noaeepfnrch nonr-poBKe Ao 6necKa. KpatHe peAKo Ha noBepxNocrFx KapKacanoFBnFlorcF KopuqNesbre Hanerbr oKucn xene3a, Koropb|eoob,rHo Bo3|riKaNrr Na Hu3konerrpoBaHHoi |a,rh Hene'n4poBaHHon crann. npL4 npuMeHeH'4r4 cnraBoB rcynnblWIFONIUI'l'' l4nl4 Wircnll"'3ry nprLiuHy MoxHo ucKno-

brcoKyro cronKocrb K Koppo3r4rlu Ne coaepxar xene3a.

3.2 KoHcrpyKr.lxoHHbre nprgl,rHbl

OUUOK E KoHcrpyKquu roxe Moryr npuBecru K npore-3HoMy croMarrry. laxe B rex Mecrax, rEe pacnonoxeHue3y6oB 3ro AonycKaer, onopbr ,racru! Hbrx npore3oe Ha 3y6bleacro HeaocraroeHo. Bo BpeMF nnaHrpoBaHrF 6|orenbHoronpor€a onopH6re, yaepx4Ba|oque u ypaBNoBeuhBaourxe3n€MeHrbr aonxHH pacno,rararbcF raK, eroobr np,r +yHK-quoNanhHot HarpFKecaM npor$ Kak MoxHo MeH6ure 6hrnnoaBvxeH. B pe3ynbrare noBbrueHNoro ABrxeNuF npo-re3a, B 6onbuLr'HcrBe cnyqaeB, Hacnrcrcron ooonoqKe Fa'onloaalorcF ,rerKonroMbr (ioKpacHeHxF, risMeHeHuF Mop+onofl4r). oHu06bF.HForcF -a6na o puF Ho7 Me\aHu-e.Fon iarpv3^ot.a He npueuHoi Heco8MecrhMocrx. To xe caMoe KacaercF 14nponexHeir, o6pa3yourrxcF or nepeey3Ku, BcneacrBue

HenerKo Hanrr 3onoryo cepear{Hy Mexay 143roroBneHueMWHKLruoHMbHo 6*ynpeeHo.o 3y6soro npor4a |a rpe6o-BaHrFMu naqueBra nonyeurE rcFUrHyo pa6ory 6*orpaHh-leHut ocrerrKq, no3roMy.racroOb Baer rak, ero aaxe Haxopouro BbrpaxeHHbrx,renEcrHbrx eeOBFx ceanoBuaHbrelacrx h 6a3uc npore3a aenabrcF HeaocrarolHoro pa3-Mepa. no reM xe npreuHaM orxa3brBaorcF or aua MbxMaMMepHb xsneMeHroB Bo SpoHr.nbHo, o6nacrh. Heaoc'

124

'-,-

lnasa III - PeaxqunHa HecoBMecTlrMocTb

KapKac BepxHen een@du c He6otbutM, u3qutqhtv

raroK onoptsbrx nyHKroB Herc6exHo B613b BaerycrnerByrcnoaBrxtsocrr npore3a. y3kre ceanoBuatsEe eacl/ npore3a Moryr npoceaarb cnuuKoM cun6Ho / sbBb 3arb0one3-

KpoMerorc, MHo.re naq4err6r co06qaEro ci,r6BoM orpaBMleBMu xeBaren6Bot SyHXqar. Or Bcerc

rb u noFs,rFouraflcF cyxocrb no-nocru pra. Ecnq naqMeHr Moxer rocMrb npore3 ro,rbKo Bcnyeae HeooxaEkMacrh,lo 3ro He FBnFercF anF Hero pe

uets/eM npo6,reM6r XanoOE naqreHranocne yBenrqeHrF ba3L/ca rn, /3roroBreHfF HoBoro npo' - ,d po6 oar 'vo , rpo . -d - -o / h ' ao ra oeHoT o o .

fpou3Bonrroe |paB/poBar /e Aopca,r bHoro KpaF M npeyBe-niceHroe cKenerupoBaBue 6a3uca npore3a roxe np/Bo-

aFr K nponexHflM. KpaF npore3oB eacro oaopMnFNrrcFcrfu(oMocrpbrM/, a uepuaBocru co cropoHU npMneraHuFx cnu3ucrot o6onoeke He yAanF6rcF. nocneAcrBueM

BraFbre BocnareHrfr B npeaenaxo6nacru npore3Horc noxa nepexoa Mexay Merun/eec-(uM 6a3/co

npore3a ,r ceanoBraHb Mu qacrFMr,l ao,rxeHo+opMnFrbcF raK, ero6d nnacrMacca Ne nprnerara K Me'runy ro|Kr,lM cnoeM. Mexay 3r,1M,1 MarepuanaM'l He 6b

oeauHer/fl. B cnyeae np/nea-H'F K Merarny nnacrMaccE cyureclByer

rcF 3ro Moxer nprBecfu K MexaH4cecKqM pa3apaxeHrrFM cn/3ucrof o6onoqKtl nonoc pra. OaHoBpeMeHNo 3rh uren/, HeaocrynHbre anF ercrK,3acenFrorcF Mr4KpoopaHu3MaMu Koropbe raKxe Mo.yrEbr3bBar8 pa3apaxeHuF BnorHe BepoFrHo, ero qenu' ' e r ! y v a r d n o v / n r . r v d ' , o t o ! - 7 ' B y o o 6 p a o B " -N1|o KrcnopoaHbx F.reeK.9ro Moxer Bbr3Barb noKa,rbHyrokopp03/o KapKaca 6orenbHoro nporera n@roMy Heo6xo'axMo eerKo o.popMnFrb orpaHxceHrF anfl KpaeB nnacr-Lra.cH To!Boe B8rnonHeH4e Bcex pa6or, Ha!/Bafl or noarc-roBxu Macrep Moaeneri ao oOpa60rK@ no,rfpoBkf, noMoraer ycrpaHrrb 3ru npo6neMb unu u35exarb ux BoBce.

OrlocrrenbHo ,racro naq,leHrbr xaryorcF Ha 6onb or BanpFXeH4F. KoropaF MeanefHo cruxaer nocne cHFrqF npo-re3a. BepoFrFo, 3ro npoL,lcxoAr4r f3 3a AeiicrBUF rop,l3oHrdhBhlx c/n ra 3y6 unu 3ybqai p.a. nphlMHaM/ Moryr66rrB. HanprMep, FenpaBfnbHoe u3MepeHue MoAerf (6onruoe noafyrpeNre) fnr NanpFxeB/e B Kapkace. Koropoe

/n/ u3-3a aeoopMaLr/u. flenpa-B4nb8o ycraHoBneHraF hnh cnuuKoM HeaocraroeHaF Bb-cora npuKycaraKxe Moxer npuBecrr KcnnbNb M ocnoxfe

Bpa! croMaronor AonxeH pefyrFptso npoBepFrb npoetsyEnocaaKy, nnorNoe npuneraH/e r Mecra aasneHuF npore3a.HecoorBercrB/F Mexay 6a3ucoM npore3a (Merannulec-KM, Kap(ac u/4n4 ceanoB'1aH6re cacr/ f3 nnacrMaccb) ueenbcrhro Moryr /Merb pa3n/eHbre nocneacr8u8 flo-KarbHo cunbHo orpaHuleHHbre, NecoBnaaa|ourtre o6nacr,1r,roryr np0 Nafpy3Ke npore3a noaBepfNyrbcF nprcacb Bal]3-ur "v r .s0 . . , Bor rukro , r r i i apFn i r Aas leH/o . Ao i rcrByroulfi Ha nporFxef,1u AnrrenbHoro nepuoAa, 86136Baer f3MeHetsre crpyKrypb noBepxrocru cnh3rcrou 060-noe(h noABepxetsH6rx oonacret nocneAcrBreM uepua-Bo|1 crpyKrypbr Moxer crarb ycuneHHoe o6pa3oBaHhe M,1'KpoopraHh3MoB h noKan6Hoe BocnaneNre cnu3qcro, 060-noeK/. np, KnrHulecKoM o6cneAoBalvu !a raxax yeacr-Kax cnu3ucrot Ha6noAaercF crporo noKanu30BaHHaF, no-KpacNeBUar, nynbrpucraF noBepxtsocr6 B 6onhuufcrBecnycaeB naqhefrbr He eyBcrsyror HuxaKrx 0oneu

^ tsecoorBercrBqlo ipore3a c erc noxeM Moxer npqBecr4u3Me|eHue Mopoonotuu lenocru Hanp/Mep, rc-3a ecre'. B- o t d rpo .F4 l ( / . veH ne J" ! pd luu t6onhuar norepF Beca) {//n/ 3a cler qcKyccrBeHHo Bhr3-BaNrot arpoQuu (AuHaMuKa u nponexH4 npore3a, /Hor4annoxori yxoa 3a npore3oM). 3ror npouecc Ha6noaaercFoco6eHHo B c/ryaqxFx c nporFxeHNbMx KoHqeabM, AeOeraMu B mqsaM/ c Mdoi nnouraAEo ceanoBua!bxlacrei npore3a. Fnoxo np/rera€urre npor*6 c oorEuotcoocrBefHot roaBuxHocrbro Moryr KpoMe Bcero npolero,npuBecr/ K aoBonbBo 6on*NeHHoMy BocndeBMrc cnr3uc-ron o6ono!K,1. Bce 3ro eure pa3 noAlepK,rBaer Heo6xoAr.{Mocrb BbrFBneHuF HacroFulux npr!r,1H cBepxqyBcrBrrenbts6rx peaKq'ati. npu nocneAy6ureM KoHrpone oorenbHbrxnpor*oB rpe5yercF npoBecru rurarenbNoe o6cneaoBaHueBcex noKpbrrEXyracrKoB cn6/crot 06010! K,. np, HeroeHoM f,puneraHff 6a3fca ipore3 HyxHo nepe6a3upo8ar8unu rcroroBrTb FoBbrn.

3.3 TexHonorx,recKxe x cnequox,{ecKheACNEKTH MATCOl,lATOB

Ha 3Ha!eHue npaBanbsoi 06pa6orKx np/MeHueMbrx Mare-puuoB yKa3bBuocb yxe BeoaHoKparHo npexre leMycraroBqtu6orcnBts6rt npore3 B nonocru pra ero Haao npo-Beprrb Naocrpbre Kpas uepuasocrb, 3aocrpeN N bre KnaM-Mepb. Bbcrynaoqre KpaF nnacrMaccb I npoeue He

1 2 5

lnasa III - Peaxquu na HecoBMecTltMocTb

AocrarKu, Korophre, B cnyeae ux BbrFBneHhF, Heo6xoarMo

B o6nacrFX nprneraHrF nnacrMaccoBbx ceAnoBfaHbrx !ra-crei npor$a Moryr Bo3HuKHyrb noxpacHeHuF ,4nu xxeHuecnu3ucron o6onoqKx npf,ruHon Moxer 6brb BbAsn€HreocrarKa MoHoMepa u3 .nacrMaccb . Ecnx npore3 nepea no-caaKoii Ha an,{renbHoe BpeMF nonoxrrb B Boay, ro ocraroK

np/MeHeHre pa3Hbrx, cnuuKoM ornulaburxxcF Apyf orapyracnnas0B roxe Moxer Bbr3Barb Koppo3,1Nl. FanpuMep,B koM6Lr'HrpoBaFHbD( koHcrpykqrFx npu coqeraHL4Lr' pa6orbc uMeoquMc. Mo.roBxE-oM po e3ov, nhron s.raAxon /r. n. OcooeHHo Kpr,rru,lHbrMu clura|orcF MecracnaiKr. Bca-MoM HeonarcnpuFrHoM cnyeae 3aecb conprKacaErcF rpr4L4n/ 6onee pa3nuqHhx cfnaBa unv npunoF. Aaxe np,1 npa-B'4nbHon o6pa6orKe, ocoOeHHo np,1 ucnon63oBaHuu Henpo-BepeHNbrxunu !eqenecoo6pa3H6rx no cocraBy cnnaBoB, cy-qecrByer onacHocrb xoHrakrFon xopp03L/1r'. np|4 He6pexHoBhrnonHe8Non naiiKe Ha nopacrori noBepxHocrtl o6pa3y-rorcF Kncnopoa|hre Fqenk4. EnaropoaHbe cnnaBb, coaep-xaque cepeopo n Meab, Moryr Bb 3brBarb peakqr,, npu Ko-ropbrx Lr's cinasa o6pasy6rcF oKc4abr ll cynhQrab cepe'6pa '4 MeAu. l,lHorAa sro npuBoAirr K ,l3MeHeHu'o oKpacKr.v3MeHeHre oKpacKu usoB npunoF FBnFercF nprcNaKoMKoppo3ur. no3rfMnpf,rrHaMAnFcoeArHeNfFMerarnxee-chu), 'racre; npelnor-eH/e AonxHo o-!aBdrbcF narep roncBapKe unr rex| ke cKnerBalr0F.

XorF h peAko, Ho 66nu ycraHoBreHbr arnepruleckue peak-quu Ha xpoM,1 KoOanbr. 14M noaBepxeHH npef MyurecrBeHHoMyxcuHd HeKorophrx npoQeccuoHanhHbrx rpynn (Nanph-Mep, Marf, pbr x KaMeHU.rr,rKr).

Annepnao MoxHo c'rurarb npu!nHon KnxHr.recK,lx cuMnro'MoB ronbKo roEa, Kofaa Bce BbruenepeercneHHbre +aKropbr c yBepeHHocrhro 6yEyr acKnoeeHb. ArarHocr/KaaorxHa 6bnb npeanpr|Fra onbr|brM B 3ron o6nacru Bpa-LroM-cnequanucroM (Hanp4MeP aepMaronoroM xnx annep-.onoroM). OH pacnonaraer HeooxoArMhrM{ 3HaHuFMh anFBbr6opa annepfeHa (recroBaF cy6craHqxF), +opMbr npuno-xeHuF ,r cpoKa 3Kcno3uq,lu. Bpa!'croMaronor unu 3y6HotlrexHuK AonxHd npeAocraB'416 npoOb ucnonb30BaHHbx Ma-repaa oe.AnnauhJ vF u no4o o8,a npo6 hvaE 6onbuo.3HaqeHxe anf, p$ynbrara hcnbraHhF. KaK npaBuno, recrMarephano8 nporcxoaur B KoHraKre c Koxen, rH. "HaKox-Hbn recr" (EcT).' Ho 3ru p*yn6rarH Nen$F 6*orcBo-poeNo neperocurb Ea ycnoBqF B noroc

pra.

CnnaBbrunu ux oraenbfbre KoMnoHeHrb, Ha KoropbE np'4aepMaronorxlecKoM orpeatupoBannauheNr Heo6fl3aren6Bo B6r3oByr peaKLrMu B nonocru pra.TeM He MeHee, .o nprcuraMnyeue orKa3arbcF or nprM

Xopouo 3aKWrnF re Kpaa dpor8a!

MoHoMepa, co6paBUruncF Ha noBepxrocr4, Bbrae,rurcgryaa, a Ne B nonocrb pra. 14peHoc/Mocr6 vnv dnepruh ra MeEKpvnarbr. lbpa3aoeau.tenoFBrFrorcF npoOneMbrrrc 3a KpacFUlr4x BeqecrB nn

Ao6cBo. ie06 "o!/ vbr\ ArF ynpc BreiuF noruMep^auue;.np/ ycra|oBneHHo, annep.rM Ha MeraKprnarbr unu ApyrreBeurecrBa Haao noao6parb nnacrMaccy 6e3 srMx KoMfo-

l,lcnonBoBaNHhri cnnaB, KaK npaBuno,npulMH BeKoropbx KnrBueecKux FBneHri. npo6neMar/e-HbrM,1 MofyT 6brh, Hanpor,lropbre shraenFlorcF ,3 3y6Norc npor$a Bo speMF Koppo-3'4r. HenpoBepeHHbre cnnaBb| ,racro fMe|or KpanHe Necoor'BercrBy€urue 3,reKrpoxr4Mh,recK/e cBoicrBa. 1,13 3a 3rofoHaeuHaorcF Bb3brBa|ourue Koppo3u6 npoqeccb, p*ynb'Eru koroprx npuBoaFr K pa3nreH6rM FBIeHUFM B opra-HrcMe. npooneMH Motr ioFBurbcF B reaocry.Bbrx hntr BrpyaHoaocrynHbrx anF Bo3Byxa Mecrax, HanpLiMep, B 3a-3ope Mexay BHyrpeHH,lM r,1 EHeuNrM renecKonoM. 3aecbBo3pacraer Bo3MoxHocrh Bo3HuKNoBeHqF Koppo3ua. npo-

ayKrbr Kopposuu Moryr Bbr3sarb noKanhHo orpa|hqeNHbrepa3ApaxeNLr'F, Bnnorb ao o6o6lreHHbx criMnroMoB 60-ne3Hu. Bo3MoXHEe+opME .poFBneHrF: Bocnaner rFc06-pa3oBaHreM ny3brpbKoB, xxeHre Ha cnrcrcron o6ono.rKe,MerannxlecKxn npxBKyc rn, cyxocrb nonocrr4 pra. AaxeBbEeneHHhre B HBHaeurenbNori KoHueNrpaLrMu roKcLr',rHbreuoNU Meranna Moryr Bb3Bar6 cunbHhre noKarbHbre peaK-u / / . K / -u "er^aF ^apt / .a vo le /M. r " o . rpbrn noroc .rpbrn x xpoHu!ecr(un xapaKrep.

126

Frara IV- Ouru6ru npx n3roroBnesnu 6prenunbtx npore3oB

4.1 npl4Me'raHuE K aHaru3y npuq{Hor!u6oK

tlcnon*oBaNf e rexHororrii. cornacoBaNHbrx c npuMeNFe-MbMu annaparaM/ u Marep/uaMq, noMoaer u36exar6npou3Bo4crBetstsEx or!u6oK. CyqecrByer MHoro pasn/e-tsbrx npu!/B Koropbre Mofyr nocraBurb noa Bonpocaocrr,-

d pd6o r ' ! d I p Ma re t / e ok,roHetsfF or pa6ocrx 4FcrpyKqrri npo/3BoaorenF eacroorprlqarenbHo BnrFor Ha p*yn6rar B 3rou rnaBe onhcb-BaErcF ocHoBNbe oux6Kr . /x Bo3Moxrbe npuef tsu / nocneacrBhF a raKxe aarcrcfl peKoMeHAau// anF yny!uer/F pe3ynbraroB pa6or6. C npaBunb4ot fexHotoruet - x npeEacxoAHoMy

1 ? 7

4.1.1 Oun6Kh npu ay6rlrpoBaHnu reneM

Mfi rKas noEspxHocrb orHeynopHot r$oaenlt

Aacraroetu yBnaxHRnre Boao, h co6npaanrc BpeME

Ecnu ncoBaF Moaerb nepea ay6nrpoBaHueM HsAocraroqHo nponrraNa BoAoi, ro cnuuKoM cyxafl MoAenb 6yAorBbrrFfrsarb B,rary rc ay6n poBocHoro renF!HenBF paHboeBpeMeH, rcsneKarbMoaenb 13 ay6nrpoBoqHoi OopMbr. BhFaepx BanreBpeMF sarBspaBaHr{F He MeHee40MrHyr. no-

MoAenv Ha noseprHocrr AyonrpoBo"Hoi

QopMEi He AonxNa or naKoBoqHotMaccbr. nHaee Haao ipoKoHrponxpoBarbcMecx (nopouroK - xxaKocrbl.

CBoeBpeMeHHo saMeHsnre rcnb anq ay6nrpo9aHue!3aMeHa npoucxoar,rr B 3aBrcxMocl4 or eacrord npuMeHe-rur, Ho re no3aHea. eev !epe3 6 Fe4enb. l4cnorb3osaHHbrt

cKuBaHuF QopMbr Haao xopouio

My,{Hncran noB€pxHocrb ay6rrKar-Moaen,3axatqrre ay6nrkar - Maaenh!l\,4Frkae noBepxHocrb noFsnFercf, rc'3a o6pa3oBaHuF Kpuc-rannos: He npoKaneHHaF Moaenb nocne rcbflTl{fl r,|3 renu-eBon OopMbr obrcrpo nepechrxaer CBoeBpeMeHHo nocraBbreMoaenb 3 cyuun6Hbrt urxa+ | npoKanure €e.

4.1.2 Heto,{Hocrn nprneraHrFnpoKoHrponrpytrc xpaHeHte naKoBoe4on Maccht!naKoBorHy'o Maccy I xr4aKocrb xpaHxrb npu reMneparype18 "C-20 "C B cyxoM, npoxnaaHoM Mecre, nyeure - srepMx-recKoM ukaoy. HuKoraa He xpaHxrb B xonoaxnbHrKsl TaKoexpaHeHne sHaqurensHo cNr4xaer B€ pacuupeHre B npoqecce3arBepaeHuF. OeeHb BbrcoKre reMngparypH xpaHeHuF, He-nocpeacrBeHNaF 6rBocrb K rcroqHrKy rennamKx€ rcMe-HFbr cBotcrBa naKosoeNoi Maccsr: cKopocrb cxBarbrBaHrFyBenrquBaercF, a BpeMF o6pa6orKh coorBsrcrseHHo coKpa-

nnorHo 3aKpbrBanro 0yr6rrKu c xuaKocrbo anF saMsuruBa-NuF, uHaee oHa 6yaer fcnapFrbcf, |4 KpucrannrcupoBarhcF.

Perynupynre pacaupeHre noKaBoetlot Maccbtx tqKacr htct AnE 3aMewuBaHkq !qeM 6onbue KoHqeHrpauuF Begosolo', reM 6on6ue pacuM-pefue u reM 6onbue MoAerbl KoHrponrpytre nnorfocrbKoHr]€Hrpaqn4 xraKocfu u3MepurerbHbrM npr6opoM (apeo-Merp). He npuMsHFnre 3alpffHeHH6x u3MepurenbNsrx cocy-aoB (Me*ypoK), turarenbHo npononacKr{Banre fx nocneKaxaofo rcno,r$oBaf uFl

nprAepxuBanrcch 3aaaHHoi npanoputtk cMecu

npuaepxrBatrecb cMecu nopourodxra-Kocrb. Pa3pexbre HoxHuqaMx nopquoHHbt naK€rrK u ono-poxHrre sro, KonucecrBo xuaKocru onpeaenFercf, Mspoq-

nepeE cMeuuBaHreM He AonxHo 6brrbHrKaKllx ocrarKoB Boabr B craKaHe AnF BaKyyMHofo cMecl{-renF. Cyxue craKaHd anF cMeuiusaH,rF cnerKa yBnaxNF-

Co6npaafire BpeMF raMe urcaHre !Pacu peH'4e naKoBocHon Maccu B npoqecce rBepAeHuF Li3-MeHFercf,, ecnu 6bmu orKnoHeHuF or 3aaaHHoro BpeMeH,3aMeuusaBuF: xraKoclh 14 nopouroK aonxNH nprMePHo 15ceKyHA 3aMeuhBarbcF spyeHyro ao oopdoBaHfF oaHopoa-Hoi KoHcrcreHuur, a sareM 60 ceKyHA - B BaKyyruHoM cMecu-rene. CnruiKoM KoporKoe speMF 3aMeuruBaHuF npLrBoaur KH€KoHrponupyeMoMy pacuupeHf 'o!

KoHr pon, Wrre B'lcory Moaenu !

npu HeaocrarcNoM pacurnpeHv, Moasnen BepxHen !eno-crucmy6ok/M He6oM /r, He6o"uon Bdcorb : coonoaatraMuHrMarbHyE Bbcory qokona Moaenl4 B 1 cM.

Iu.RretbHa aaanrupynre, Moaenipyrre!

BocKoBaF KoMno3rrluF He aonxHa orcraBarb or ayonuKar_Moaenx. BocKoBbre cacru aonxNbr 6hrrh xopouo nprxarblxnu npxnurbr BocKoM.

lh'eranre cunbHoi 3teKrDonrrreecxai rmtuaoEKr!O6nacrh, He noanexaqre nonxpoBKe, noKphrBaorcF 3a0rrr-HbrM ,raKoM. Ootekr QukcqpyercF Ha aocraroqHoM paccroF_Hr4u K Karoay. KnaMMepHEe cacru 6|orenbHoro npo-re3a cneayer Bceraa 3aqrurar6 nakoM or sneKrpoxr4Mxqe-cKom s$aencrBr4F.TeMneparypa pacr8opa He aonxHa npe'Bbroarb 60 'C Comacyire crny roKa, BpeMF aetcrBxF 14

F

124

fnara IV - Ou.ru6Ku npn r3roroBrreHrr 6prensxurx npore3oB

reMneparypy pacrBopa. HaipuMep, 6€ren bHb n npore3 Hr x-Hei lenlocr,r c aByMF KnaMMepaMurreMneparypa pacrBopa40 'C, HanpFxeNue 64, BpeMr non/poBaNuF4 6 Mur. B oraen6HEx cnylaFx MoxHo r43MeHr|Tb no3rquEo6reKra eepe3 3 Muf j,Tbr CrpeM/recb co6nEAarb KoporKoeBpeMF nonrpoBKr. MaroBbre Mecra ny! ue Aopa6orarb .Dpe-3ot f13 rBepAofo cnnaBa. qpe3MepBaq sreKrponurueecKaanonupoBKa KapKacoB BepxHei lenDcv c rnyboKuM He6oMNe npxNecer ynylueHxF p*ynbrara OHa aaer 6ecKoB

nonbHbn cHoc Meranna co cropoHb. nprneraouren K Ne6yKo6nacrFM, N€Aocrynr6rM AnF noroKa 3neKrp,l!€crBa, noABearre aononNurenbNbri Karoa

U36e I air e e pe3 Me pHa ra cH oca Mare pran a !

necKocrpyire npu HhsKoM aaBneH/u (MaKc.6 6ap) unl npu-MeHF /re anF Kp/rheecK/x o6nacret MeNbuyo 3epH/crocrb

\110 -v . CooroA" / - o . ropo. ro ! ro npr eBrovcr /ce f to /necKocrpyiHon o6pa6orKe: KoHcrpyKrlr/ He aonxHb uef-nFrbcF apyf3a apym (ae$opMarr/F KnaMMepoBl). Ecnr y BacMeHbure Lrerbrpex KapxacoB, Bnoxure B 6apa6aH aofonHr-renbBo nMretNbri KoNyc.

Ay6nrpoBaHue reneM

CBaeBpeMeHHo 3aMeHf, ire rcnot*aga1\hti ay'trpaBae-Hu, renb h ca'nroaatre ,HcrpyKuka!

H-" xcnonh3y/re ay6nupoBoqHbt rcnb cnruKoM aonrol npunpaBfinbHoM oopau]eNfi,l ero MoxHo pacnnaBnFrh ao 20-rrpa3. nocne nepBo.o fcnon$oBaNuF cpoK rorNocrh'MaKcr'Manbtso6 Heaenh noroM renb craBoeurcF xpynKrM urepfler

KoHrponqpyrre ay6nfpoBocHbrii rcnE BoBp€MF q3MenBqeHrF: nepBoHaeanbHbe KalecrBa Marep/-ana orcyrcrByror ecn/ npu pa3pbrBe $opM Na6n'oaalorcFuepuaBbe noBepxrocru, r3MeNeHre uBera unl 3afpF3He-N'iF (na(oBoqraF Macca, ocrar(,1 rfnca). B3roM cnyeaenp,l-MerFire NoB6ri ay6n/poBo!H6ri ren6l

Ay6nhposaH e crnxxoHoM

AcaOeHHa ru)aretbHa naAtoraBnrEaire Macrep MoAenr!

Ha MoAenu He aonxNo 6brbH/KaKxx noaNyrpeHri B o6nacx aroB6o, Fp-oro rppD F. v "+r )6 -br - oo . d . ru rp l , p i r -

BocKoM BoccraroB/re BocKoM cKonoBUrecF ycacrK/ !a uo-rcne Moaenu o6pa6oratre Ha rp/MMepe fapdnenhHo. anyque - cnerKa noa yrnoM. Bce uepuaBbe, NepoBHbe no-BepxHocru crerKa np/rerre BocKoM.

Maaen, c Qpe3epaBaHHbtMk KaHcrpyKuuRMk cter^anaAatpenre, Ha He yEnaxHenrel(u i l .o r re 'o o -c - .e r o - .o4oAro i verar ru ,ec o i noBepxHocr/, BcneacrBue eerc o6pa3yercF 3a3op B oonacrunneca pacnpeaeneHxF cMeureHuF. n@roMy Moaenb HyxNonoaorper6 Hanp/Mep, QeroM. AnF yfpourerqF /3Bne!eH/FMacrep MoAenr. ,c.rorb3yiire crpyro cxarorc Bo3Ayxa Cra6fnr3aqaoH|6re BcraBKu u OopM6 He6a npaaaor xecr-(ocrb, Heo6xoaxMyo Bo BpeMF /3rFrxF Moaenn

Ca1taAaire kHcrpyKunt nph pabarc c crrkKoHaM k

AMeuqBaiire xoMnoHetsrb c/nuKoHa Ao o6pa30BaHuF o.qHopoaNoro qBeral BbaepxxBaire BpeMF sarBepaeN/F - 40 Mf-Nya np, cnoxHoii KoHcrpyKrtu, o6pauratreAocraroeFyE cnoco6Hocrb a4nLr'KoNoBoi OopMbr so3BpauarbcF B ucxoaHoe nonoxer re 143 3a tseB€ptsoro coorNoue-

yefrbcF KneilKaF foBepxNocrbcun,rxotsoBon OopMbr. B raKoM cnycae NyxHo ao6aB/rboonbue orBepaurenF (rony6ot KoMnoHeHr5 %). r3roroBneHts6re B crnr(oroBon +opMe orHeynopN6reMoaen/.o(p6rBaErcF ron6xooqeHbroFKrlM. paBHoMepr6rMcnoeM cnpeF.Toncrbri cnoi npuBoarr x NerolHocr/ nphneraNuF nurhrx 6a3ucoB BepxHet eenrccru.

4.1.3 nopxcrocr, (paKoBr4HbD, 3arpF3HeHuF

HenpaBMLHBtn MaMeHr nrr6q. He nepetpeBanre cnraB!Co6noaaire MoMeHrnrrbF. cofnacyrcB c rpaBhnaM/ rexNo-nor/u. Pacnonoxure AnF nnaBKtr Meranrhcec(f e urnrBAp6lcnnaBa raK, !1066r oHf Hafpe8anrc6 pa6BoMepHo. LllepuaBre noBepxHocr'18 o6nacr! nrrHr4KoBbx KafanoB ,] KoHycacBuaerenbcrBy6r o neperpeBe pacnnasneNHofo cnnaBa

AcropoxHo BcraBtenre

QopMbtrc terq E Npbtu4y

t .noth3ytle nptbopbt ataAy6nrpoBocHon Maccbt c

reMieparypa nnaBneH/F 93 'C. Tutaren6Ho olrurarire+opMb "3 renF q Ao cneAybqeroiraBretsrF xpaNnre B 3aKp6roi oprrhHanbNon yna(oBKe. BaySn/pyroutux rlocroFNHo npoBepFire npM6opb: coBna-aa€r nu +a(hcecKaF 'l yKa3aHHaF reMneparypb.

KoM6hBupoBaHr6re KoBerranFAy6n/poBatsrF /Me6rHanpaBnF€utfe KnhHbF, 3aulfuraourfe QopMy or nepeKocaL/ HaAexHo af Kc,rpyou.rue ee.He cMeurBanre /cnor63osaHNbri,ay6n/poBoeNbri rcnbc HoBbrM L4cnonBytre npu-6opbranFAy6n/poBaHuFccu-creMoi KoHrponF reMnepa-rypb. Ecn/uxtser cneaxre 3areM, !1066r AyOnrpoBo!H6rtrenb Bo speMF HarPeBa Ne 3a-Krnar. ^opouro rcMenbeets-HbrLi rerb AorxeH pacnraBrFrbcH np, nocroFfHoM no'MEUIBAHL/! MAKC4MANbHAF

Mera n n AonxeH no n Hocrbb Ikatpo6exqoe tnbe BaFotna\'G npot3Boatrcq

npoBepatre rrrcnh AnR nnaaxh!O!/uratre ero nocne kaxAofo nurbn, yaansF unaKf hcfycrKui cBoeEpeMeNBo3aMeNfltrer/rnu

7

1 2 9

fnasa IV - Oru n6rn npu r3roroBneHru 6torensxrtx npore3oB

Pe3tthrar nocne cA n baoro H. donaocf'E ofrrfbtiKapKac: qtwKo4 Paq4tt

l436erctre B@tuqeHti naKoEoeHat tutacc6r!,luret8bre KaHanb rutarenbHo nprruBatre BocKoM K cMoAe-rhpoBaHNbrM ooreKraM u x sopoHKe rirerHoro KoHycai3aKpyrnrre ocrpbre fepexoatsbre Mecra. nepeA nporpesoMnpoKoHrponupyire orBepcrhF nrrenNhrx KaHaros (Bopotsok)

He ocran/cb nu raM qacrxltbrnaKoBo!Hoi Macc8r. CraBbreonoK/ anF npeaBapLr'renbHoro nporpesa orBepcruFM Bne'p a/naB-u3.yevftieei-eper /v ra pFBo Myder or ot neq/unr cneAynre coorBercrBy|ourxM peKoMeNAaqhFM npou3Bo-a/renF (NanprMep, 5 'C 7 'c B MrHyry).

He paeaate .oaca, a) rh MAn^aaq.FeDcrai na^aaa-.on

MenKoar.{cnepcNyro naKGolHyrc Maccy NyxHo HaBocnrsron6xo roHK/M cnoeM u cpa3y xe (eqe BnaxHoi)naKoBarb.3ro BaxHo anF nonyqeFuF HaaexHofo coearHe|r{F Mexayf akoBoe!oii r Men(oatrcnepcHon Maccoil Tqar€nbNo 3anon-

Hfre pereHurr. Cneaure 3a reM ero6br noa MetKoafcnep-croir naKoBoeFot Maccoi Ne cKannrBdMcb ny3brpbKu Bo3

Ayxa. He HaHocure ee Ha noBepxNocru, o6pa6oraNNbre xha-KOCTbO ANF CNFTLr'F FANPFXEHqF

aeaHrqbre noercpHae rcnanLjoBaHte CocrcnnaBoB!

noBropsoe npfMeBeNue nrreiHbx KoNycoB Bo3Moxtso, Hoo3HuKHoBeNvF paKoBur q nop.

no3rotuy: rutarenbHo ornecKocrpytre nrre'4H6|e (oryc6r,

o6pex6re u 6onbue He xcnonb3yire. BoBpeMr noBropNon nnaBKrl cnnaBa oco6eHNo eaxeH paBNo-

MepHbri HarpeB Ornurhri Merdn ucnonb3yire ro,rbKo oArHpa3. Kon/lecrBo Brop/!Noro Meranna n€ aotxNo nPeBb-uarb 50 %l CoorBercrBeHNo ao6aBbre NoBbrt Merann.

A36erctre BMaeeHrF aueroHa np, nnaBKe orKpbtrbtM

PacrBoperH6ii B auerhneHe aqeroH Moxer noBne!3 3a co6on B€HrkHoBetsue crnbNot noprcrocru o6!e6a. PeKoMeHAyercF np/MeNFrbaqeruneH B 6onbuxx6unoHax eMKo-

1 3 0

-

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I

4.1.4 EeOeKTbr B ornurbrx o6beKlax

np, MoAetrpoBaHb, 6a3rca BepxHeh eetqcfu caan@aatreBacr arosHy E r anqhHy M ar e pu an a lBocK np xnaabrBaire, rurarenbHo aaanrfpya, tse caa8nuBaFAocnruKoM ronxoro cnoF. HhxHr4ii cnot HaHocurcF rc rnal-Koro nurenNoro BocKal PenE€OBbri BocK npu my6oKoM HeoHoM cBoae Naap*aercF unn HaKnaabrsaercF ,r3 aByx eac_rei. l,,lhFuManbHaFronurrHanxrbx6a3rcoB BepxHeieeno-cr/ - 0,35 MM

npuMeHFnre rrrHhK@bte KaHanb! onrrMatLHux pa3MepoB!

L/l36emtre cunbHofo rl3rr6a h 6on6uot an/Hb nhrHqKoBBrxKaBanoB. TuarenbHo npunrBaiire nurHhKoBbe KaNanb, Hecyxas /r B M€crax npucoeaur€HrF.

-E

fnasa IV - Oru n6rn npu r3roroBneHru 6torensxrtx npore3oB

Pe3tthrar nocne cA n baoro H. donaocf'E ofrrfbtiKapKac: qtwKo4 Paq4tt

l436erctre B@tuqeHti naKoEoeHat tutacc6r!,luret8bre KaHanb rutarenbHo nprruBatre BocKoM K cMoAe-rhpoBaHNbrM ooreKraM u x sopoHKe rirerHoro KoHycai3aKpyrnrre ocrpbre fepexoatsbre Mecra. nepeA nporpesoMnpoKoHrponupyire orBepcrhF nrrenNhrx KaHaros (Bopotsok)

He ocran/cb nu raM qacrxltbrnaKoBo!Hoi Macc8r. CraBbreonoK/ anF npeaBapLr'renbHoro nporpesa orBepcruFM Bne'p a/naB-u3.yevftieei-eper /v ra pFBo Myder or ot neq/unr cneAynre coorBercrBy|ourxM peKoMeNAaqhFM npou3Bo-a/renF (NanprMep, 5 'C 7 'c B MrHyry).

He paeaate .oaca, a) rh MAn^aaq.FeDcrai na^aaa-.on

MenKoar.{cnepcNyro naKGolHyrc Maccy NyxHo HaBocnrsron6xo roHK/M cnoeM u cpa3y xe (eqe BnaxHoi)naKoBarb.3ro BaxHo anF nonyqeFuF HaaexHofo coearHe|r{F Mexayf akoBoe!oii r Men(oatrcnepcHon Maccoil Tqar€nbNo 3anon-

Hfre pereHurr. Cneaure 3a reM ero6br noa MetKoafcnep-croir naKoBoeFot Maccoi Ne cKannrBdMcb ny3brpbKu Bo3

Ayxa. He HaHocure ee Ha noBepxNocru, o6pa6oraNNbre xha-KOCTbO ANF CNFTLr'F FANPFXEHqF

aeaHrqbre noercpHae rcnanLjoBaHte CocrcnnaBoB!

noBropsoe npfMeBeNue nrreiHbx KoNycoB Bo3Moxtso, Hoo3HuKHoBeNvF paKoBur q nop.

no3rotuy: rutarenbHo ornecKocrpytre nrre'4H6|e (oryc6r,

o6pex6re u 6onbue He xcnonb3yire. BoBpeMr noBropNon nnaBKrl cnnaBa oco6eHNo eaxeH paBNo-

MepHbri HarpeB Ornurhri Merdn ucnonb3yire ro,rbKo oArHpa3. Kon/lecrBo Brop/!Noro Meranna n€ aotxNo nPeBb-uarb 50 %l CoorBercrBeHNo ao6aBbre NoBbrt Merann.

A36erctre BMaeeHrF aueroHa np, nnaBKe orKpbtrbtM

PacrBoperH6ii B auerhneHe aqeroH Moxer noBne!3 3a co6on B€HrkHoBetsue crnbNot noprcrocru o6!e6a. PeKoMeHAyercF np/MeNFrbaqeruneH B 6onbuxx6unoHax eMKo-

1 3 0

-

i , ! '

I

4.1.4 EeOeKTbr B ornurbrx o6beKlax

np, MoAetrpoBaHb, 6a3rca BepxHeh eetqcfu caan@aatreBacr arosHy E r anqhHy M ar e pu an a lBocK np xnaabrBaire, rurarenbHo aaanrfpya, tse caa8nuBaFAocnruKoM ronxoro cnoF. HhxHr4ii cnot HaHocurcF rc rnal-Koro nurenNoro BocKal PenE€OBbri BocK npu my6oKoM HeoHoM cBoae Naap*aercF unn HaKnaabrsaercF ,r3 aByx eac_rei. l,,lhFuManbHaFronurrHanxrbx6a3rcoB BepxHeieeno-cr/ - 0,35 MM

npuMeHFnre rrrHhK@bte KaHanb! onrrMatLHux pa3MepoB!

L/l36emtre cunbHofo rl3rr6a h 6on6uot an/Hb nhrHqKoBBrxKaBanoB. TuarenbHo npunrBaiire nurHhKoBbe KaNanb, Hecyxas /r B M€crax npucoeaur€HrF.

-E

ftasa IV - Oru u6xu npn [3roroBneHr]t 6prenuxulx npore3oB

BepxNFF !enDcr6: 2 4 nto.K6x nxrHuxa pa3MepaM,2,0 MM x 4,5 MM Lanu 2,0 MM x 6,5 MM

2 3 Kpymbx nurHxKa AuaMerpoM2.5 MM 3.5 MM (ipu HeooxoAuMocru cnuren|]brM aenot)

He ycfaHaBnraarfe nrrheByp eapaHky crkukaM ny6oka!,nurbeBy€ BopoBky ycraHaBnxBaire lerKo Bb ue (MrFuMyMI cM) HafBbcuet roeKu MoAenupyeMoro Kapkaca.IrrtsuKo3be (aHaru AonxHr foAtsrMarbcF BBepx K nurbesot Bo-

n paBhn bHo Ebt1rp ai re r e Mn e pary py n peaB a p, rc n L Horc

BaxHd Bce napaMerpb: ,/reisaF ycraHosKa, 06beKr ror-utrHa creHo( onoKu. BpeMF 3aaepx(r. nursF |4 ra. enoK4craBFrcaBnrHetHoM/nr rocecHoMKoHra( reKKepaMxcecKor noacra8(e MyeenbNor ne!r. reMreparypa npeABapu-renbBorc HarpesaAnF o0hrlH6rx raKoBo!Hbrx Macc:9OO oC _1.050'C BpeMF BbaepxKr4 KoN€!Hoi reMneparypb _ Ne MeH€e 20 MdHyr AocrarolHo npoiperbe onoK, sbffNAFr pas-NoMepHo npoKareHr6rMh (KpacHoe Kdetsre). nph Heo6xoA,Mocrr nepeaH/e onoku MoxBo nepecrae/rb Bmy6d

CoKpauaire speM1 3aaepxK, trrLF![4oMeHr nurbF onpeAenFirroAa ,l,rrbF, cornacHo r4HcrpyKqu/ no o6pa6or(e aa|HofocnnaBa. Eonbuoi ocraroK Br/rne cBuAerenbcrByero npexaeBpeM€HHoM nur6e. MexayMy.bensHor re!b|o / nurentsorjiycraHoBKoi AonxNo 6brrb oeeHb KoporKoe pau! oflH,e,u !a !e ono.c cnxLrov 6o , r rpo o ro re- :_ top .Bap/ .Fr "Hbu.pofpe8 Meranna coKpauraer EpeMF 3aAepxk,. nrrbF. pac-nonaatre onoK" B My$en 69oii rcev B yao'HoM an+ 3axBaraabnuaM, nara\eNuu.

npk ueHrpaAexHaM nhrbe DpoBepatrc nuk4un urnF!no3/u/r rfrnF Bo BpeMF spaureHuF He AonxHa ,3Meff,rhcF!nnoxo BXoaFUr4e r/ru npolHo ShKcupyire B crasKe.

npaKoHr porapytire nycKoBon MaMeHr(4eHrpabexHae nrfbe)!nycko6on MoMefr uetsrpudryru F BnFercF pedaour,lM aj fl xo,pouerc pe3ynbrara nrrbFt aaenarr€ npo6Hoe nur6e peujer-la ro i i pereNqr | ( r1 MM x 1B MM):pereHqr rc nocrasu,6 Bep-

CneAure 3a HanpaBneHheM rceeHba cnnaBa!np/ q€Hrpo6exHoM nrrbe cnoxHot KorcrpyKrru, o6pa-uradre BHhMaNue Ha HanpaBneHxe ioroKa Meranna HyxNo

Myeerb u pacnonoxur6 o66eKrunx ero KpurdcecKuecacv npor14B HanpaBneH/F BpaqeHxFqeHrpo6exNoro nneqa.

4.1.5 O6nox, 3aTeKUhe pereHqrrt

U36ercnre otuu6oK npk 3aMetuuBa\rh, npeABaprrerbHoM

rlaKo8o,rNyb Maccy o6pa6arb Barb np, reMneparype NeNuxe 18'C I xopouo 3aMeurBarh: 15 ceKyHA BpyqHy6 u 60ce(ytsA B BaKyyMHoM cMecrrene. Onoxy craBEre ts rEeh Hepaf6ue, ceM eep* 30 MfHyr, np, reMneparype Ne B6rue250'c. rvy.ber6Hyo necb HarceBatre He cnuuKoM 6srcrpo:5'C 7'C B M,rtsyry, (oHelHaF reMneparypa He AonxHa ipeBbrraru 1050'C, a B6r4epxKa oA|oro qacat np, Heo6xoAu-Mocr, nposepurb peryrsrop reM ieparypu ,r repMmneMeNrI puMeHFF obrcrpoNarpeBaeMyo iaKoBoeHyro Maccy, npr-aepxuBatrec6 uNcrpy(qrll

O6paqanre sBhMaH4e Ha AocrarosHyo rcnurHy uaKanl

H/3Kqe Moaen, BepxHei qen€fiu (rny6oKrr cBoA He6a) u33a NeAocraro!Hoi Bbcorb| qoKonF rMeor cKnoNHocrb K 06-pa3osaN1|o rpeqr| Bo BpeMF npofpeBa lenaiire qoKonhMacrep-MoEenx Be Nrxe oAHoro caHrxMerpa qoKonr c oc-rpb Mr4 kpaFM4 roxe Moxer6rrb np/e/Hoi noFBneFuF rpeurrH. OcrpBre KpaF HyxHo 3aKpyfnur6 eure !a Maciep Mo,

Ay6n hx ar-MaAe n h I aarcn bH o BLtcyu rr B, 3 aKar u ft !f pyxHoro orBepaxrerF cnoco6-

crByNrr o6pa30BaHut] o6noeB u 3areKaNuo pereHLtu, Ha nr_r6e. Ay6nuKar-MoAenu cyuarcF noKa KpaF MoAen, He cra-Nyr Koph!HeBarbrMu. ttpon/ru BaFue orBepaxrenerr arinrcsnpL46nu3/renbHo 5 I ceKyfAt 3areM rcsnekhre Mo/ren" ,jpacrBopa u yaanr.re /3n4uK/ norcyx|oro orBepafrenF.rocraB6re Moaenb Ha 10 MxHyr B cyunrfbrii u(a+. noKa

orBeparrenb nontsocrbro He Bf"raercF. Ay6nuKar Moae, ,/3 cun4KoHoBE x rDopM fe o6pa6arbrBaorcF orBepAf reIeM,a lonbKo onpbrcKuBa|orcF cnpeeMl

r ,KanbHo,n | l rH /KoBb|xKaHa,(2,5 MM) noaBefia u3orHyrbMo6pa3oM c3epxy, 3anakoEarb,nporperb / orn/rb. trocchranreornrr6reFeetKh. UrHrMyM 75 %KneroK AorxHB 66rb orn/rb6e3 AegeKroB, B nporrsHoMcnyLrae HyxHo npoEep/r8 cKo-pocrb 3afycKal npoBepbre nprBoatsoi peMeN6 npu Neooxoau-Mocr, 3aMer/re erot npoBepsreBpaqefue ocet B ueHrpo6exHbrx ycraHoBKax c npyxfHHbrMnprBoAoM m 3a oonbuot onac,tsocl, nonyceH,lF rpaBMd 3aMeHa npyxhHb npor3BoahrcF

(2,s MN) ro,bKo cBep\yl

MaaenLHun cnpen HaHocrrL eKaHoMao!He BnfraBuuii.F B xonoAHyrc .oBepxHocrb MoAen,r cnpetnp/Boad K o6pa3oBaHfro o6noeB Ea MerannxeeckuM KapKace Bo /36exaH/e 3rorc nporpexre orHeynopHbre Mo/ren,

Oopv t0 vx ry r rou evnepar lpp 60 c .80'C rlo . p ro,o rcp^un crav . ,p-F A-

t 3 t

6etaf, o6pasoBaHrF aneHKv. flaKoM anf, nprKne BaHuFnyque He nonb3oBarbcF.

Co6n pa afi r e p rcw a K xo\ cr py K qh u !npu MoaenxpoBaHru He HaHocxre BocKsa KoHrypH prcyH(alKnaMMepd npunrBatre Boc

tlaHeckre MenkoAhcnepcHyn Maccy t4 cpa3y naKyurerCnuuiKoM cyxaF MenKoarcnepcHaF naKoBoqxer norpecKarhcF hia npr Bv6pauvu

4.1.6 YcaAo,{Hbre paKoBl,rHbl

flnhe ar MaccuBHarc K rcHKoMy!vcaaoqHb e pakoBr4HH qacro noFsnf,lorcF Bo6nacrFxcrbrrcMarepuanoB pa3Hoi roruruH6r. npqHu/nxanbNo Meratn Ao,r-xe! r€lbor MaccuBlbx oonacren o6eKra kroHKrM. qenb-HoMerannuqecKrs npoMsxyrolHbE eacT,r, 3aqrrHhre nnac-rxHH |4 r:a. cHa6xa€rcF a"nporuBoycaaocHon My$roi' (Ha paccroFHfi npuMepHo 2MM or o6r€Kra). ocHoBHo€ npaBrno: nfrHrir(l4 o$opMnFnreronure, qeM o6beKr anF n,rrbF!

4.1.7 lllepuaEaF noBepxHocrb t|lrxHeicropoH6r KapKacoB BepxHeiqer|ocrn

Ca6npAatre BpeMa oxnaxaeHre aydnrpogoeHarc rcts!

AyonupoBocHbrt renb oxnaxAarb Ha BGAlael HruKaf, reM-nsparypa (norpyxsHr4s s soaj4 xonoaHbri norok Bo3ayxa)npoansBaer BpeMu 3arBepaeBaHuF orHeynopHoi Macchr xipenFrcrByel nonHoMy orBepaeHxo MoaenL, B o6nac

KoH-ra(Ta c ay6nrpoBo,rHhrM rcneM. BbraepxuBatrre BpeMF ox-naxaeHrFo\oi o nonyropa,racos, a c s€Hr nFruoiHon u/p-KynFrruet Bo3ayxa nprMepHo I qac,

Co6npAarire npequcaHwe BpeME rBepaeHts

l&BneKanre orHeynopHy'o Moaenh "3 OopMH He pa|]bure,eeM eepe3 40 MuHyr Ecn'a K ay6nrpyNrqen $opMe npun'4-naer roHKrn cnon naKoBoeFon Maccbr 3ro 3Hacrr, ero fpo-qecc aarBepaeHfiF eqe Ne 3aBepoeH norHocrbric, groobr 3ronpoBepurh, pa3pexbre ay6nrpoBoqHhrnhPyr uohonF: ecnu Ha HeM He B,,eFo ocrarrcB nahoBorHo;Maccbr, ro MoAenbMoxHo u3lFrb rs+opMbr. C,rruKoM npo'aonxurenbHoe rBepaeHre (Ha nporFxeHfr4 Ho,rr) npuBoA'4rK MyrHucroi noBepxHocru Moaenxl orHeynopHyro Moaenb'rcBneKarh 'rc OopMbrHe no3xe,,reM qep€3 2'l" eaca.

-..-

npaBepenre KaeecrBo ay6nupoBaqHorc rcna!OEHaxabr ricnon*oBaHH6rn Marepuan H€ np/MeHFrbAonbue 6-ru HeAenb. 3MeHeHre uaera x noAHrMaoutuecFB KEsere nyshrpb(r4 Bo3ayxacBra€renbcrByoro norepe Ka-

KaHrponrpyite rcMneparypy aarpeaa aybnt|poBoeHarc

TeMfeparypa HarpeBa aonxHa 6brh He Huxe 92 'C h HeBbroe 96 'C, uHa,re ay6nrpoBo,rfbrir rcnh lTpaexBaer cBor4xenupylorlrx€ cBoncrBal

He ononacKhBarre Ay6nkpaBoeHyto ckopMy Boaor!Ecnr ero cnyefnocb, ro ee Haao xopouo Bhrcyuurbl l&-saocrarKa Boahr oopa3oBarhcF uepo(oBa-

Pa3MeauBanrc naKaBo' lyp Maccy B reqeHre Heooxoau'

To,rNo co6roaarre 3aaaHHoe BpeMn o6pa6orKrl naKoBo,r-Nyo Maccy Haao 3aMeuhBarb 15 csKyHA Bpyefyo x 60 ce-KyHAB BaKyyMHoM cMecrrene. O6pauranre BH MaHT€HauH-r€HcuBroe iep€v€urBaHue. yclr6rBaire pa3Hx.tv Bo3!€i.crBuF HeKorophrx QaKropoB (cKopocrb 3aMeBuBaHrf,, urna-renb u ra.). nocyaa anF 3aMeurBaruF aonxHa coorBercrBo-Earb KonuqecrBy Maccbrl

lb6ennre HrcKon reMneparypd Marepuata!He noaBepranre cunbHoMy oxnaxaeNuo nopouioK naKoso!'Hoi Maccbr.r xraKocrbanF 3aMeuuBaHrFI XpaHur6 x o6pa'6arb Barb npM reMneparype oKono 18 "C 20'C.

nonHacrha yaananre oKcraHbt, cnon!l4cnonbsynre anf, necKocrpynHoi oopaoorKu oKxcb anoMr-HnF 250 Ur, c pa6oeuM AaBneFuev oKono 4 6ap EonburenoBepxHocl, 8er$p oeen6 4orro necKocrpyr4rb aBroMary-!ecKu, ny!ue Aopa6orarb rx ueneH an paBne HBo. ruar enb1anpoBepbre KapKacd Ha Hdxere ocrarKa orcraa B rpyaHo-aocrynHbrx Mecrax HanpuMep, noa

4.1.8 lllepuaBaF noBepxHocrb KapKacoB

BhEyahrc HaHeceHHoe cpeAcrBo ane cHeruB HanpqxeHrqlnp, xcnonbsosaHux cpeacrBa anF cHFrxF HaipFxeHuf, HenpxMeHflnre MenkoarcnepcHyp Maccyl CpeacrBo anF cHF-ruF HanpFXeH/F o6Fsare,rhHo xopouro Bbrcyuurh (cna66rMnoroxoM cxarorc Bo3ayxa rnu noayrb).

MenKoArcnepcHyp Maccy Hawcure 6btcrpa, HsaMeanu-

Sbrcrpo HaHocL4re Ha BocKosyro KoMno3xqu|o roHKut cnotMe,rKoarcn€pcNot Maccbr u eqe Bo BndHoM Bxae 3ana-

OcropoxHo n pot peBarrc onoxi !npeBbiueHHaF reMneparypa npoesBa , cnuukoM aonroeBbaepxxBaNue KoHeqHot rsMreparypH Moryr nprBecrx KuepuaBbrM .oBepxHocrFM B nrrbe. OnoKn AotxHbr uMerbronhKo nfHeiHbn KoHraKr Ko aHy MyQenbHon neerl

ftana IV- Ou u6xn npn r3roroBneHlru 6prenunrrx npore3oB

CteAhrc 3a MoMeHrcM thr64!

TutarerbEo nokpoire cMoaenupoBaHFhri KapKac MerKoa/c-nepcBot Maccon. Ha rpyAHoAocryn HbE Mecra, raKre KaK pe-reHq/u, o6parure oco6oe BNhMaHqe. natHocrLp naKpoheKoMfo3rrla€. np, oneMeHrd AonxHsrnnorHo np/nefarb ( MoAen/l

nptKpenkre a7eynopHytu MoAenL 6* 3a3opoB K AHyQAPMOBA|HA' KDBETB]

Xopouo npuneire BocKoM orNeynopHyro Moaenb K aHy (roBerbrao /s6exaHqe a6xoAa Bo3Ayra Bo BpeMF iakoBKf Hasi6pocronrke Konbqo KoBer6r nnorHo npucrasnFercF KAHy h AonorHrrenhHo np/ruBaercF cHu3y BocKoM. BMecraxBcrpecu noroKoB naKoBoqHoi Maccr ip|1 3anonHeru, Bo3MoxHo Bo|oeeHue Bo3ayuHrx ny3hrpbKo8. n€roMy 3anr-Baire naKoBocHy6 Maccy ronbKo c oAHoii cropoHr

Ca6tloAanre BpeME 3aveuhsaHte noA BakyyMaMl

hepaBHoMepHoe 3aMeu/8aHhe BpyeNyo u crhukoM Kopor-Koe BpeMF cMeLluBaHrF naKoBolHoi MaccE noA BaKyyMoM

qy61/,a -\oAenv B Aa, oHetLevF snForcF np/! rHo, noFBnepukoB Ha NuxHei cropoHe ayrl. 3aMeuuBaHre noA BaKyy-MoM npeaoxpaHFer or BKnNrleHrF Bo3ayurHbx ny36rp6KoBlHo npu reAocrarolHot MourHocr,] BaKylMa (3a6"rbre +/nrrpbD o6pa3yorcF M,]kpo-fy33ipbK'l, fipoFBnFoqrecF B BnaeMxKpo'uapoKo8 Na Kapkace.

He neperpeBanre cnnaB Bo BpeMF nnaBKrt OeeHb crnbB6rinepeeeB cnnaBa nprBoa/r K peaKqrl4 (oKc/aupoBaHre) cnaKoBo!Hot Maccot. BcneAcrBue 3roro. B 3oHeconpuKocHo-

ot Maccot oOpa3yercF uepuaBaF noBepxHocr6 qaclo 3ro 6oee cunbHo BbrpaxeHo B'.recrax npxcoeaureHf F n/r

4.1.9 Merann!,,recKue uiapuK

nepnbl

naBepxHocrb otHeynopHon MaAen, npontranre

orNeynopN6re MoAenu rc rcnueEbxSopM norpy3ure Ha 5 - 8.eRyNA B BaHHycArcponoM (Durol,) /nuAun+'4xcoM (D pl x,)..repe3 3axoHcepBupoBaHFy|o noBepxHocrb AyOnuKarMo.renq Bo BpeMF naKoBK, He raK nerKo Moxer Bbrtru Bo3Ayx

. 1ehnrc o6pa.aB"hrF tctopoq M4 rt a'Fe,nappa,'Daenho t aacKoBai KoMna3r\rei!

anylaercF ,rro BbxoAFur,le ny3bpbKu Bo3Ayxa yAepxuBa-.rcF np/ naKoBKe Ha KnaMMepax u ra., a noroM 3r, nonoc-

qro66 ,36exarb 3roro, HyxHo-rrarenbHo aAanrupoBarh BockoEoii Kap(ac k MoAenu, a-!xNu, Kpa, ay

MoxHo npurrr6 BocKoM.

ucnansy tre Met kaAkc ne pcHy@ M acc y !

4,1.10 AeQopMaqMF (nepeKoc) KapKaca

ly6nrpaBaeHbtn renL: w1erchre aebapva4u, rcnhesat

l.4cnonE3yire KoMourupoBaHHyrc ay6nupo6oeNy6 K|osery cHanpaB/rFFulrMx Kn/H6FMf AnF npeaoxpaHeH4F or nepeKoca. Bo BpeMF f3Bne!eHrfl Macrep-MoAenf no Bo3MoxEoc-ru ocraBbre oopMy B Kopnyce ay6nxpoBoqHon x'oBerbr. Henyratre Kopnyca KoBer BaxHo He Aonyckarb MexAy gop-Mot / creHKot HUKaK/x ocrarko8 Ay6nupoBocHoro |enF.

Iy6r, poBaq Ha, c r t, KoH : N6enire aegap MaurucatrKaHaBaa QopMhr!,r3BneKatre MoAen h u3 cfn uKoNaBo', 6op!'h BeprhKanhHo.ll€ repeKaurBaiiirel Cra6/nu3,rpyroq/e BcraBKr rl KoNdrq-rypauu, HeOa 3aurruraror +opMy or AeoopMaqr/. yMepeNNo ucnon*yire cxarb i Bosayx np, orAereHx, Moaenq

He oxnaxAatre onak, B BoAelOnoKq oxnaxaanre Ee B Boae a Ha BGAyxe Ao reMnepa-rypbr Koropy'o repnfr py(a. AocraroeNaF ronurrNacretsoKo.o]<, co3aaer .peanocbnky anu paBNoMepfo.o x, reM ca-

r33

fnaea IV - Otu n6rn npu r3roroBneHru 6rcrenuxutx npore3oB

MbM cEo6oAtsoro or HanpFxeNuF oxnaxAeHfF ornfrofokapKaca CnfuKoM rr3KaF MoAenBq,1f ronuuBa cretso( Moxer NanpiMep. cnoco6crsoBar6 npexaeBpeMeNHoMy oxnaxaetsf|o kapkaca BepxHei lenoc

u 8o3Fu(tsoBeN/o B

Ca6tiAanre acropaxHacrh np, pacna^aBKe , aatLHerueh

Pd -droEb B" / - r -Bdo / - Mv Ao lo ov ro h OF qo

BneHfF Aonoro np/craBnFire ronbKo K nhrbeBotuy KoHycyfnl oc6o6oxAarre Moaenb c noMou-lblr nerKoro Monoro!(anpy xusrcrsNh yaapa /no koHycy. Bo BpeMF o6pa6orkf HeI p u v F r o / p o o o u o o ! ' B ' 6 r / o / 6 6 d u r p B o ! o t - o ,.6QopvdL/u lav t rppoB / Ap, t / r ' " r - " t d ta i r "p

nankpyire rcFu.1Hue kapkacLl Ba rhncaBaM uaxatet

Kprrwe.Kre Ko!crpyKurr HebHy€ ayry BeprHer eenocrr..KenerfpoBaNHbe nL,lrbe 6a34cu nonrpyiire Na 4HAfBiay

oEoM uoKone. fl36efailre 3auen_netsrii nonrpoBanbBot ulerKot

4.1.11 TpeuruHbr (pa3noMbr) B KapKace

Ox n ax aair e an o K, Meane1 Ba !

Ono(L oxnaxaatre ronbKo Na Bo3ayxe tsf B Koe cnylaeHe B Boae Cnoxrbre KoNcrpy(tr4f oxnaxaaure MeaneHtso B

opu p ' b -o .o rporpFB

n poBe p Lre Bac KaBy p xoM na3 rqt E !

FpoBepbre Ne cuoaen,poBats rf (apKa. 6Eenbforo npore3a BepxHeti !enocru cnhuKoM roNko? B.e nf BocKoBbe!acrr coearB€Hb ? Her no noBpexaeBhr?

vcra raB r rea ire t h I H kkh n pasrtLH Bt x p a3 MepaB r

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1 3 4

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f lo ! t o los . ruHHt tu \ roq \ ' . | | I Bep\Hqr l , ] c . l Hrc I r l

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