4

New World

Student Book

Manuel dos Santos นางดารณี แชมชมดาว นางสาววราภรณ เลิศวรสิริกุล

นางฤดี พูนเกษม นางสาวสุมาลี นิลตะจินดา

ดร.อัมพร เรืองศรี นางสาวศรัญยา มุลาลินท

ชั้นมัธยมศึกษาปที่ 4

กลุมสาระการเรียนรูภาษาตางประเทศ

ตามหลักสูตรแกนกลางการศึกษาขั้นพื้นฐาน

พุทธศักราช 2551

พิมพครั้งที่ 1 พุทธศักราช 2558

จํานวน 0,000 เลม

ISBN 978-616-3500-81-6

จำนวน 135,000 เล่ม

Copyright © 2014. Published by McGraw-Hill Interamericana Editores S.A. de C.V. Prolongación Paseo de la Reforma 1015, Torre A, Piso 17, Col. Desarrollo Santa Fe, 01376, México, D.F. Member of the Camara Nacional de la Industria Editorial Registration Number 736. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Interamericana Editores S.A. de C.V., including, but not limited to, in any network or other electronic storage or transmission, or broadcast for distance learning.

English Adaptation Copyright © 2014 by McGraw-Hill International Enterprises LLC. This edition is for sale in Thailand only.

Publisher: Miguel Angel Toledo Sponsoring Editor: Ana Laura Martínez VázquezDevelopmental Editor: Janet BattisteProject Supervision: Manuel dos SantosArt Management: Heloisa TiburtiusInterior design and production: Page2, LLCDesign Concept: Heloisa Tiburtius and Page-2, LLC

Photo Credits: The Photo Credits section begins on page 110 and is considered an extension of the copyright page. Cover photos: (map girl) © Carlodapino/Shutterstock, (bridge) © S.Borisov/Shutterstock, (Sunrise man) © djgis/Shutterstock, (friends photograph) Andresr/shutterstock, (Kuala Lumpar) © Evgeny Prokofyev/Shutterstock

10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 0118 17 16 15PWR

Printed in Thailand

ที่ปรึกษาด้านวิชาการ : ดร.ศิริรัตน์ นีละคุปต์

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บริษัท สำานักพิมพ์ไทยวัฒนาพานิช จำากัด

1991/129-130  ถนนสุขุมวิท 77 (อ่อนนุช)

แขวงสวนหลวง  เขตสวนหลวง  กรุงเทพฯ  10250

โทรศัพท์ 0-2320-3721-6  โทรส�ร 0-2320-3729-32

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New World Student Book 4 ISBN: 978-616-3500-81-6

iii

Scope and Sequence iv

1 Schools Then and Now 2

2 You Have to Do It! 8

3 Do You Know Where It Is? 14

Review 1 20

4 They’re the Ones! 26

5 Great Expectations 32

6 Can You Help Me? 38

Review 2 44

7 Satisfaction Guaranteed 50

8 Have You Seen It Yet? 56

9 For How Long? 62

Review 3 68

10 What Would You Do? 74

11 What’s It Made Of? 80

12 It’s Fresh, Isn’t It? 86

Review 4 92

Picture Dictionary 98

Vocabulary List 106

Self-Test Answers 108

Contents

iv

Scope & Sequence

Unit Functions Grammar

1 SchoolsThen and Now

To talk about the past and past habitsTo talk about childhood memoriesTo talk about historical events

Past tenseUsed to + verbAgoConjunctions: so and because

2 You Have to Do it!

To talk about necessity and obligation To talk about obligation in the pastTo talk about household chores

Have toHad to

3 Do You Know Where it is?

To ask about directions and locationsTo describe locations

Indirect questions with Do you know . . . ?/ Could/Can you tell me . . . ?Prepositions of place (above, below, opposite, etc.)

Review 1

4 They’re the Ones!

To talk about people, things, and events Relative pronouns: who, that, which

5 Great Expectations

To make predictions To express possibility or probability

Future with willGoing to vs. willAuxiliary verbs: may, might

6 Can You Help Me?

To make requestsTo offer to do thingsTo ask for permission

Will you . . . ?/ Can/Could you . . . ?/ Would you. . . .? I’ll for offersMay I . . . ? Would you mind if I . . . ? Can I . . . ?

Review 2

7 Satisfaction Guaranteed

To talk about possible situations and conditionsTo give warnings or make threatsTo talk about ads

First conditional: I’ll . . . if . . .

8 Have You Seen It Yet?

To talk about things you expect to happenTo describe things that have happened, often sooner than expectedTo talk about things that have just happened

Present perfect with yet, already, just

9 For How Long?

To talk about the length of time one has donesomething

Present perfect with for, since

Review 3

10 What Would You Do?

To talk about hypothetical (not real orimprobable) situations and conditions

Second conditional: I’d . . . if + past tense

11 What’s It Made Of?

To say what things are made ofTo discuss where and how things are produced

Passive form: present and past

12 It’s Fresh, Isn’t it?

To check information Tag questions

Review 4 v

Language Vocabulary Pronunciation Reading Writing

I used to ride a bike with three wheels.That was a long time ago.He was tired, so he went to bed.He went to bed because he was tired.

School vocabularyChildhood activities

Reduction ofused to

School in Ancient TimesCurriculum connection: Social studies

Write aboutschool activitiesin the present and the past

I have to take out the garbage.I had to go to the dentist yesterday.

Household chores Reduction ofhave to

Silly Laws around the WorldCurriculum connection: Civics

Write about oddor unusual laws

Could you tell me where I can find an ATM?Do you know if there’s a hostel around here?

Places in a city or townVocabulary fordirections (e.g., Turnleft/ Walk two blocks.)

Rising intonationon questions withCould you tell me. . . ? / Do you know . . . ?

Backpacking—Now and ThenCurriculum connection: Life skills

Write aboutplaces in yourneighborhoodand their location

Goal! Curriculum connection: Sports/Technology

He was the first comic book character who had superpowers.She’s the author who wrote the Harry Potter books.

Description of personal qualities

-er ending Face to FaceCurriculum connection: Biography/Technology

Write about anamazing person

She’ll be a doctor.I may work in my family’s business.We might travel to Mars.

Occupations ’ll Going to Mars?Curriculum connection: Science/Technology

Write aboutpersonal plans for the future

Will you lend me your car?I’ll bring the food.May I borrow your hairdryer?

Words relating to money and lendingmoney

Could + you Would + you

Should You Lend Money to Friends?Curriculum connection: Life skills

Write advice about lendingmoney

The Legend of Robin Hood Curriculum connection: Literature

If they win the game, they’ll have a big party.What will you do if you don’t like the product?

Language related to cruises

Intonation andrhythm with if- clauses

Ads Gone WrongCurriculum connection: Life skills/Cross culture

Write about aplace you wantto visit

I haven’t been to the mall yet.I’ve already seen the new movie.She’s just left.

Teen activities Reduction of havein the presentperfect

Generation Z: The Newest GenerationCurriculum connection: Social studies/ Technology

Write about a rock or a show

How long have you known your best friend?I’ve played the piano since I was eight. I’ve played it for seven years.The kite has been around for centuries.

Games and toys Reduction of theprepositions for,on, and in

The KiteCurriculum connection: Social studies/ Technology

Write about a sport or hobby you’ve done for several years

The Tsunami Is Coming! Curriculum connection: Geography/Values

If I were a millionaire, I’d help my family and friends.If I had lots of money, I’d invest it, and I wouldn’t work.

Money expressions Short formsof would afterpronouns

Hidden TreasuresCurriculum connection: Social studies

Write about an experience inwhich you faced a moral choice

Leather is made from cow hide.Cotton is grown in China.

Materials Word stress Clothing through the AgesCurriculum connection: Social studies

Write about typical clothes inyour country

These watermelons are ripe, aren’t they?You don’t make all this stuff, do you?

Things at a farmers’market

Falling intonationin tag questions tocheck information

A Little White LieCurriculum connection: Values

Write about awhite lie

Cars of the Future—the Past Curriculum connection: Technology

DdAaBb CcSchools Then and Now

2

71

Many years ago students of all ages used to be in the same classroom. There used to be only one teacher for the entire school. Nowadays there are different classrooms for students of different ages and grades.

In the past, teachers used to talk, and the students used to listen. Or sometimes the students just repeated the teacher’s words. Nowadays it’s common to see students working together in groups around tables and discussing things aloud.

Many years ago, schools allowed teachers to punish students, and even hit them. Some teachers used to beat students with a cane or a wooden paddle.

New LanguageLook at the photos of schools today and in the past. Are they like your school or are they different? How?

1.2

DdBb CcEe

Ff 3

Language Check

Answer true or false.

1. Many years ago students used to work in groups in class.

2. In the past, teachers used to beat students with a cane.

3. Detention means students stay at school longer for punishment.

4. Nowadays school counselors are a form of punishment.

5. Teachers used to visit students’ families.

Nowadays detention is one of the most common punishments in some countries. Students go to a certain area in the school during break or after classes and do academic work. Sometimes teachers have them write the same thing over and over.

Parents were more involved in school in the past. Teachers knew their students’ families better. So when there were learning problems or bad behavior, teachers used to go to the students’ homes to discuss the problems with parents. Nowadays the school counselor talks to the student or the parents.

PronunciationListen and repeat. Notice the reduction of used + to.

They used to study hard at school. Students used to be silent in class.

1.3

PracticeAsk and answer.

1. A: Did students use to study in small groups?

B: No, they didn’t. They used to sit and listen

to the teacher.

2. A: What did classrooms use to be like?

B: They used to be large rooms with students of all ages.

1.4

3. A: Did you use to like school

when you were little?

B: Yes, I did. We used to sing songs

and play games in class.

4

About the Conversation

1. What kind of student was Laura? 3. What was Larry Wilson like?

2. What punishment did Kerry receive? 4. What did Kerry think of Olivia?

Conversation 1.5

Laura: I scanned some old photos of when we were in elementary school.

Kerry: Can I see them?

Laura: Sure. Let me open the file.

Kerry: Hey, that’s you. I remember you were always so hardworking. I used to end up in detention a lot because I didn’t always do my homework.

Laura: That’s Larry Wilson. Remember him? He didn’t use to do his homework, and he always wanted to copy ours.

Kerry: Oh, that’s Olivia—the teacher’s pet. I couldn’t stand her. She used to tell on everybody.

Laura: Well, she’s working for a newspaper. She has her own gossip blog.

Kerry: I guess that’s no surprise. Here’s Mrs. Kramer, our favorite teacher! You know, I think I actually miss those old days at school.

1

ListeningListen to two people talking about their school days. Mark the true sentences.

Mark

1. He used to love all school subjects.

2. He used to like computer lab.

3. He was a popular student.

4. He didn’t like the boys on the football team.

1.6

Tracy

1. She loved going to school.

2. She used to spend a lot of time at school.

3. She didn’t use to play any sports at school.

4. She thinks that school made her a better person.

5

Grammar

A Look at the pictures. Make sentences. Follow the example.

Used to + Verb

Use used to to talk about past habits.

I used to ride a bike with three wheels when I was a kid. I didn’t use to like salad, but now I do. What did you use to do after school?

Ago

Use ago to talk about past events. Ago comes after a time expression.

I met him a weekago.She was born two years

It happened a long time

Conjunctions: So and Because So means “as a result.” Because means “for the reason that.”

Tom was tired. He went to bed. (result) Tom went to bed. He was tired. (reason) Tom was tired, so he went to bed. Tom went to bed because he was tired.

1. Rick / now basketball 3. Carolyn / now violin 5. James / now thin

2. The Kims / now big house 4. Carlos / now motorcycle 6. children / now car

Rick used to play soccer, but now he plays basketball.

6

B Choose so or because to complete the sentences.

1. It was our teacher’s birthday (, so / because) we gave her a present.

2. Diana enjoyed going to the beach (, so / because) she loves to swim.

3. Rob couldn’t get his driver’s license (, so / because) he wasn’t old enough.

4. It was raining during break (, so / because) we stayed in the classroom.

5. The students couldn’t use the computer (, so / because) the power was out.

6. I didn’t use to get good grades at school (, so / because) I was lazy.

C Tell when you last did the following things. Use ago.

1. wash your hands

2. go to a movie

3. eat in a restaurant

4. go to a party

5. give someone a present

6. buy clothes

Your ideas:

D Ask and answer. Use first or last in the questions. Answer with ago. Use the photos and then add your own ideas.

A: When did you first/last ride a bike?

B: I first rode a bike ten years ago.

SpeakingAsk your parents or grandparents what their school days were like. Ask them the following questions and report the answers to your group.

1. What was the classroom like? 4. Did the teacher do most of the talking in class?

2. What did you study in class? 5. What kinds of punishment did students use to get?

3. Did you use to get a lot of homework?

1

I washed my hands about an hour ago.

7

WritingWrite about the usual activities you do in your school nowadays and the things you used to do in elementary school.

Reading

Look at the title and the pictures. What do you know about education in ancient times? What things didn’t students use to have?

Curriculum Connection Social Studies

World LinkChoose a country and do research about its educational system. Present your findings to the class.

School in Ancient TimesIn Greece, 2,500 years ago, only the sons of rich people went to school, and they started around the age of seven. Students first learned to read and write syllables and then words, and then they copied famous sayings. They wrote on wax tablets with a stylus, which was like a pen. After they learned to read and write, they used to study Greek poetry and historical works. Music was an important part of their education, and so was physical training. Girls stayed at home with their mothers and learned how to keep the house.

In ancient Rome, boys and girls from wealthy families received a bilingual education. They had to study Greek and Latin. Students usually had classes outside, if the weather was good, or in the teacher’s house. Teachers used to beat students who didn’t pay attention or who were lazy.

In ancient China, many children never got a chance to go to school. With the Han dynasty (206 B.C.–220 A.D.), the emperor paid for free education. Only boys were allowed to study. They typically used to start school when they were about six years old, and there was one teacher for the whole school. There weren’t any math or science lessons. Students learned to read and write, and they used to memorize pages of the great Chinese philosopher Confucius. His teachings stressed the importance of duty, family, and hard work. Boys used to work very hard to pass the government tests. Students with the highest scores could get a job in the government. Around 500 A.D., girls also began to learn how to read and write in Buddhist temples, which were spreading in China.

1.7

About the Reading

1. Who went to school in ancient Greece?

2. Which subjects did they study?

3. What did teachers use to do with lazy students in Rome?

4. What did Chinese students memorize in class?

5. Why did they use to study hard to get high scores on the tests?