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Last week we discussed key facts about HIV/AIDS. Today well speak about ways of HIV

transmission, about risks people take and ways we can help young people to take fewer risks aboutHIV-infection, well speak about our attitude to HIV-positive people.

1. Everyone knows a lot about HIV/AIDS, but also there is a lot of misinformation around and

people may feel confused. Take the Myths and Facts sheets [4], look at the statements, and say whetherthey are true or false. But, please, dont answer only Its true, or Its false, try to give your ownexplanation to the given statement.

Myths and Facts about AIDS1. AIDS stands for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. True False ?2. Infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) can lead to AIDS. True False ?3. Blood, semen, and vaginal secretions from persons withHIV infection contain the virus. True False ?4. People most often become infected with HIV by having sexual intercourseor sharing hypodermic needles with a person who already has the virus. True False ?5. You cant get HIV from shaking hands, hugging, eating in restaurants,sharing dishes, or going swimming with someone who has AIDS. True False ?6. A few people have gotten HIV from touching the tears or saliva of a personwith AIDS. True False ?7. You can tell someone has HIV by how they look. True False ?8. Someone can be infected with HIV and not know it. True False ?9. The HIV antibody test tells you whether or not you have AIDS. True False ?10. Everyone who has HIV wilt get AIDS within two years. True False ?11. Only IV drug users and gay men get AIDS. True False ?12. Women can become infected with HIV if they have vaginal intercoursewith a man who has HIV. True False ?13. A woman with HIV can pass the virus to her baby before it is born. True False ?14. Many children and teenagers could get HIV because they havesexual intercourse or shoot drugs. True False ?

83

15. Young people share needles for other purposes than shooting IV drugs,and this may be risky. True False ?16. People can learn to keep from getting HIV. True False ? ,

, .

2. .As we know, there exists a myth that AIDS is the sickness of the so-called risk groups. But facts

show that a victim of it can become any person of any age, of any sexual orientation, of any socialstatus, of any religion. We still remember the fact, when newborn babies were infected in the maternityhome in Russia, in the town of Elista, or in 1985 patients with hemophilia were HIV-infected in thehospital, in America. And what about children born to HIV-infected mothers?

Now we can say that HIV is the disease of the wrong behaviour. Wrong, abnormal behaviour bothfrom the point of view of generally accepted moral principles, and from the point of view of epidemiology.No doubt, the abnormal sexual life and drug abuse are the main ways of spreading HIV. But let usconsider the medical way of HIV-infection. Can we speak about moral principles when we meet theimmoral practice performed by medical staff? Regardless, whether they transfuse unchecked, HIV-positive blood, or they violate the secrecy of diagnosis...

Now lets examine how a person feels when he/she finds out that he/she is HIV-positive. [3]:

, .

. : family, health, friends, education, life; : to have owngood family and many children, to have good job, to earn a lot of money, to be the skilled specialist, toleave a footprint in the world, to have peace in the whole world.

o :99999 , - ;99999 - (/ /) ,

-;99999 -, -, ,

. ,

, -, . , .

, , , .

.The abiliy to sympathize with smb. in his or her grief, to support smb. in their difficult situation and

altruism are distinct human qualities. In any case, in any situation we must remain humane, then theproblem of discrimination of HIV-positive people will disappear by itself.

3. . Living Positive. The Earvin Magic Johnson Story,

, :You have just spoken about your desire to leave a footprint in the world. This man is exactly

doing that. In America everybody knows him, he is extremely popular. Earvin Johnson is a famousbasketball player. Hes been HIV-positive since 1991, and he does great propaganda work concerningHIV/AIDS.

. :When you are a teenager everybody wants to suggest what you should do, but you yourself have

to be in control, making decisions sooner or later; not only about HIV, but about life. You always have tobe in control, making right decision of your life. The girlfriend or a boyfriend probably want to have sexwithout condom. And it is your biggest decision to say no to that, because you want to protect yourselfand them, not only from HIV/AIDS, but also from undesirable pregnancy. And there is nothing wrong

84

when saying no. The safest thing is to have no sex, but if you want to have it, have safer sex. You mayprobably ask: What about oral sex? What about sex one time? Can I have HIV? Yes, you can on both;so, protect yourself and your partner.

, :Imagine you are young doctors. Your task is to speak with teenagers about HIV/AIDS, to find the

key to better commucation between teens and adults, to convince them that AIDS is a sickness that cankill them.

, , STD (sexually transmitted diseases).

4. ., . , precaution. .

, .

Standard Precautions

Standard BIood & Body FluidPrecautions for all patients.

Wash hands between patients.

(Mask or goggles). Wear if splatter or aerosol is likely.

For contract with blood and body fluids: Change gloves between patients.

Place sharps or needles uncapped in needle box.

Wear if soliling or wetting is likely. Place in

appropriate plastic bag.

.For your personal safety, always remember the key precautions:

Avoid high-risk behaviour such as sharing hypodermic needles. Make certain you knowyour partners sexual history. Remember that someone can look perfectly healthy, but still beinfected with HIV.

If you suspect you are at risk, get tested for HIV periodically. Remember that it may take up tosix months or even a year for the virus to show up. Do not donate blood if you are unsure of yourstatus.

Although the blood supply is generally safe, you may want to consider banking your own bloodprior to the surgery.

85

.5. .

Survey Questions1) Do people get HIV infection from being bitten by mosquitoes or other insects?2) Do people get HIV infection from donating blood at a blood drive, medical clinic, doctors

office, or hospital?3) Do people get HIV infection from having a blood test at a medical clinic, doctors office, or

hospital?4) Do people get HIV infection from using public toilets?5) Do people get HIV infection from being in the same class with a student who has HIV infection?6) Is there a cure for HIV infection?7) Is it true that only homosexuals can get HIV infection?8) Can a person get HIV infection from sharing tattoo needles?9) Can a person have HIV infection many years without knowing it?10) Can HIV be passed in the air, like a cold?11) Is it safe to pick up or touch utilized needle or syringe?12) Are teenage girls more at risk of HIV infection than adult women?13) Can a mother pass HIV to her baby through her breast milk?14) Are people likely to get HIV infection from kissing an infected person?15) Can you get HIV from washing your clothes with the clothes of someone who is HIV positive?16) Can a person get HIV infection from oral sex?17) Will everyone who has HIV get AIDS within two years?18) Is HIV easier to catch than the viruses and bacteria that cause most other sexually transmitted

diseases?19) Are there any treatments for HIV infected pregnant women which can reduce the chance of

their giving HIV to their babies?20) Is it easier for an HIV infected person to catch a cold from you or give a cold to you? , : HIV infection is a chronic

infectious disease that can be treated, but not yet cured.

, [4].Post-test: HIV/AIDS Prevention Facts1. Circle the four types of body fluids that most often carry HIV from an infected person to an

uninfected person:bloodvaginal secretionsstomach acidssweatbreast milkspit/salivatearssemenpostnasal drip2. On average, how long after people become infected with HIV do they become sick with AIDS? a. exactly six months b. eight to ten years c. about two years3. People with HIV can pass the virus to other people a. from the time they are first infected. b. only after they develop AIDS.4. It is not who a person is, but what a person does that puts a person at risk of HIV infection. a. This statement is true. b. This statement is false.

86

5. What are some symptoms of AIDS or HIV disease? a. Having a fever that lasts a month. b. Losing one-tenth of your body weight without trying. c. Having diarrhea that wont go away. d. Sweating so much at night that the bedclothes are wet. e. Having a dry cough and feeling short of breath. f. Having thrush and/or vaginal yeast infections. g. Losing your senses of direction and balance. h. Having swollen lymph nodes (glands) for months. i. All of the above.6. If a person has HIV, AIDS, or any of these symptoms, it is important to go to a doctor or clinic

for help. a. This statement is true. b. This statement is false.7. What are some ways to reduce or eliminate sexual spread of HIV? a. Abstinence from vaginal, anal, or oral intercourse. b. Uninfected partners practicing monogamy. c. Using latex condoms correctly during intercourse. d. Practicing nonpenetrative sex. e. All of the above.8. How can someone keep hypodermic needles from transmitting HIV? a. Not injecting drugs. b. Not sharing hypodermic needles and syringes, ever. e. Cleaning needles and works with bleach before using. d. Using only sterile needles and syringes. e. All of the above.

, , , - , , c .

- , , , , . , , .

, , , , , . .

SUMMARYObject of the article modern conceptions of teaching foreign languages in higher

educational establishments in conformity with European demands, theme young generationand problems of HIV-infection/AIDS, ideas for comprehension the ability of a young person toexpress his/her thoughts, to arrive at his/her conclusion, to take part in a disrussion, to acquireskills in interpreting his/her opinion both in the native language and in the foreign one.

1. .. , .. . .

87

? ? :. . . -, 2004. 190.

2. .., .., .., .., .. . . - ( -). .: , 2005. 24.

3. .., .., ., .., .., - .. - /. .: , 2006. . 111188.

4. J. Tiffany, D. Tabias, A. Raqib, J. Ziegler. Parent AIDS Education Project. Cornell University,USA. 1993. P. 1445.

5. J. W. Human Anatomy and Physiology. Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. Wm. C. BrownPubliskers, USA, 1993. P. 750751.

6. . , . , . . : . .: . . 1214.

7. . , /, , . : , 2001.

8. -, . , . . 2000. 34.

9. .. : . . . 2002. 7. . 5154.

10. . .: / , 2001. 350 .11. /

/ . .. , .. . ., 2002. 144 .12. . Living Positive. The Earvin Magic Johnson Story. For High School

Students // The GlaxoSmithKline Group of Companiens. USA... 2003.

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