•名词性从句•制作 郑艳艳

• 讲述要点 :

• 一 . 名词性从句的分类• 二 . 名词性从句的引导词• 三 . 各类名词性从句应注意点• 四 . 名词性从句考点• 五 . 作题思路

• 一 . 名词性从句的分类

复合句按其在句子中的作用可分以下类型： 名词性从句 ( 主、宾、表、同）

复 形容词性从句（定语从句） 合 句 副词性从句 （状语从句）

•

二 . 名词性从句的引导词

分类 词形 词义 所作成分连词 that --- ---

Whether/if/as if 是否 ( 好像 )

---

连接代词

Who(ever) ( 无论 ) 谁 主、表Whom(ever) ( 无论 ) 谁 宾Whose(ever) ( 无论 ) 谁

的主宾表定

Which(ever) ( 无论 ) 哪一个

主宾表定

What(ever) ( 无论 ) 什么 , 所…的人 , 事

主宾表定

连接副词

When 什么 时间　状语Where 什么地点

How 怎样Why 为什么

• 三 . 各类名词性从句应注意点

• 主语从句 (2 点 )

• 1 、 when we have our sports meets is still a question.=It is still a question when we have our sports meets

• 位置可放在句首，也可放在句末前用 it 代替但 what (ever) 引导的主语从句不用 it 结构

• What he wants is a book.

• 2. 主语从句必背句型• It’s said that… 据说……• It’s reported that… 据报道……• It’s believed that … 人们相信……• It’s well-known that… 众说周知……• It’s thought that… 人们认为……• It’s announced that … 据宣布……• It’s a pity that … 很遗憾……• It’s no wonder that… 难怪……

‘

• 宾语从句（ 3 点）• ⑴doubt 如果是用于肯定句其后宾语从句

用 whether; 否定句 , 疑问句用 that• I doubt whether he will come.• There is no doubt that he is right.• ⑵ 在 think ， believe ,imagine, suppose ,

expect… 后的宾语从句如果从句谓语是否定意义 , 注意否定转移以及其反意疑问句的变法

• I don’t think you are a student.

• You don’t believe that he is a student .

• — ?

• ⑶that 不能放在介词后引导宾语从句但 except 除外

• We need to think about what we should say to the visitors.

are you?

is he

• 表语从句 (1 点 )

必须放在系动词 (be, seem, look…) 后• It looks as if it is going to rain.( 有时要考虑

虚拟语气 )

• 同位语从句 (1 点 )• that 引导的同位语从句和定语从句的区别• ① 从名词的类别及从句对它的作用• 同位语从句前的名词多为抽象名词 (belief ,f

act ,hope, idea, news , problem , information, promise……) 是对前面的名词进一步的补充说明 ; 而定语从句不然且是对前面的先行词加以限定 .

• ② 看 that 是否作成分• that 在同位语从句不作成分且不能省略但

在定语从句中必须做成分 , 有时也可省

• The news that our basketball team won the match was encouraging.

• The news that we heard over the radio was not true.

( 同)

( 定 )

四 . 易考点 (5 点 )

• 1. Whether 和 if 的区别• 用 whether 不用 if 的四种情况• ① 在主 , 表 , 同从句中当 “是否”讲时• Whether he goes with us makes no differe

nce.

• The problem is whether we can finish the task on time .

• The problem whether he needs to come hasn’t been decided.

( 主)

( 表)

( 同 )

• 从此可以看出 if 只能引导名词性从句中的宾语从句

• I wonder whether /if the news is true.

• ② 如有 or not 紧跟其后时• I wonder whether or not the news is true .• I wonder whether /if the news is true or not• (or not 放在句末可用 if)• ③ 介词后的宾语从句• It depends on whether you want to do it or

not .

• ④ 后接不定式时• I don’t know whether to go (or not).

• 2.that , what , which 引导名词性从句的区别

• that 不作成分无词义• what , which 都作成分有词义 what “ 什

么”或 “所……的事 / 人” which “ 哪一个”含有一定的选择范围

• That he will help me is certain.

• What he told me is true.

• She wanted to know which shops is the best.

3 、名词性从句中的语序问题问题 1 ： 1 、 Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ____.

( 全国 2000)

A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is

2 、 The photographs will show you ____ ．（ MET1989 ） A. what does our village look like

B. what our village looks like

C. how does our village look like

D. how our village looks like

　　　　　　　

D

B

名词性从句中都用陈述语序，不用倒装语序。题 1 中的干扰项是 B ，对想要知道的人提问或应答都用 it 而不用人称代词 he, I , you 等。题 2 只要注意是介词宾语就行了。

4 、名词性从句中的时态问题问题 1 ：1 、 Scientists think that the continents _____ always where they _____ today. (05 北京卷 ) A. aren’t; are  B. aren’t; were    C. weren’t; are   D. weren’t; were 2 、— Hurry up! Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate. — Oh! I thought they ______ without me. (05 江西卷 )  A ． went  B ． are going  C ． have gone  D ． had gone

C

D

① 当主句的动词为现在和将来时态时，名词性从句中的动作根据所发生的时间来定，可以有各种时态；②当主句的动词为过去时态时，从句中的动作一般都要使用相应的过去时，除非表示客观真理。③一些动词 , 名词后虚拟语气的情况

• 即主句谓语动词是 suggest ,insist, demand , advise,order 等宾语从句动词用 (should) do

• 同时把上面那些词转化为相应的名词后 , 其后的表语从句 , 同位语从句中的谓语动词也要用 (should )do

• Our teacher suggests that we (should) study hard.

• Our teacher’s suggestion is that we (should) study hard.

• Our teacher’s suggestion that we (should)

• study hard is right.

• 在 it is suggested ; it is ordered ;it is necessary/natural/important; it has been decided 等结构后的主语从句中要用 (should) do

• It has been decided that the meeting be put off till next week.

• It is important that we (should) study hard.

5 、 it 作形式主语或形式宾语的问题 问题 1 ：1 、 _____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an

international language. (NMET1995)

A. There B. This C. That D. It

2 、 we must make _____clear that anyone who breaks the law

will be punished.

A ． that B ． it C ． this D ． him

D

B

主语、宾语从句常用先行词 it 代替，而将其置于句末。但由 whatever, whoever 引导的主语从句一般不用 it 代替。

6. 宾语从句后的感叹句1) I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize ___

silly mistakes I had made. （ 05 湖南卷） A. what B. that C. how D. which

2) Parents are taught to understand ______ important education

is to their children’s future. （ 04 广东） A. that B. how C. such D. so

what a(an)+adj + 名词 + 主 + 谓 what +adj+ 名词 ( 复数 , 不可数 ) how +adj/ adv + 主 + 谓 how +adj+a(an) + 名词 + 主 + 谓

强调 how 后的名词只能为单数

A

B

仍用感叹句的语序

• 作题思路• 1. 根据其在句中的作用确定是哪一种从句 , 尤

其要考虑定语从句和同位语从句• 2. 排除一些选项 ( 一些就是非引导词 ;what

不引导定语从句 ;that 一般不放在介词后…… )

• 3. 考虑每一个引导词在引导该从句时的区别• 4. 把引导词带入句中看句意是否通顺 , 结构是

否完整 ,具体作何成分

1.The question is ____the film is worth seeing.

A. if B. what C. whether D. how

2.One of the men held the view _____ the book said was right.

A .that what B. what that C .that D .whether

3.They received orders _____ the work be done at once.

A .which B. when C. / D .that

4.Dr.Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge , I can’t remember ______

A. where B. there C. which D. that

5.Energy is _____ make things work.

A. what B. everything C. something D. anything

6.The reason ____ I have to go is ____ my mother is ill in bed.

A .why; why B. why; because C. why ; that D. that; because

C

A

D

C

A

C

单项填空

7.He doesn’t think the question of _____ they are men or

women is important.

A. whether B if C. which D. why

8.He often think of _____ he can do more for his country.

A. what B. how C. that D. which

9.It was ordered that all the soldiers _____ to the front.

A. should send B. must be sent

C. should be sent D. must go

10. Air is to us ______ water is to fish.

A. is that B. what C. which d. that

A

B

C

B