12

3

4 5

6CH3-CH3CH3-CH2-ClCH2=CH2CH2Cl-CH2-ClCHCHCH2=CHClCH3-CH2-OHCH3-CHOCH3-COOHCH3COOC2H5CH3COONa

7 (1).: (2):(1)12

(2)3

a.CH3CH2-BrCH3CH2-OHCH3-CHOb.CH3CH2-BrCH2=CH2Br2CH2BrCH2Brc.CH3CH2CH2-BrCH3CH=CH2HBr

11C=CC=O1C=C2C=C

3C=C4C=OX1X22CH3CH2OH+O2 2CH3CHO+2H2O

3HX2HXX2OH12

3423

2

3

2 C2H5OH+

2- NaOHC2H5OH1+NaOH2Br2O2CuO2H2SO4Br2Br2NaOH

() 1 CH2Cl2CHCl3CCl4 C2

1ABX2HXH2HOHHCN 3

1C=CX22 C=CHX1 C=C(OH) C=CHCN 4

1 HXX2H2H2OHCN 5

1C=CHClCH2=CHClC=CXCHCH() 6

2 XNO2SO3H 7

2 KMnO4 COOH 8

3 (X)29

3 1C=C 2(OH) NaOHNaOH 10

3 C=COH 11

4 : 12

4 ()() ()HX() 2Na + 2C2H5OH 2C2H5ONa + H2 HBr + C2H5OH C2H5Br + H2O13

4 ()

Cu(OH)214

5() NaOH() CO2 15C6H5OH+NaOH C6H5ONa+H2OC6H5ONa+CO2+H2O C6H5OH+NaHCO3 ( )

5() FeCl3 CH3COOC6H5 16()

1C=C2 3(OH)45 17

1C=C(1) (2) (3) CC18

2(1) ()HX (2) ()HXX2 (3) ()X2 19

3(OH)(1) (2) NaOH() (3) ()(H2) (4) (5) (COOHOH) 20

4 (1) RCH2OH (2) (3) RCH=CHR (4) RCHX2 21

4 (1) RCHO (2) (3) RCH=CHR' (4) RCX3 22

5 () C=CCCHCN 23

5 () (C=CCC) 24

HOHOHH+H2O25

26

AAAA (1) ABC (2) AD AE (3) AD AE 27

AACOOHAACAOHAAOH3CCCOHA28

ABC29

AAD30

A AEECA22AEHO 2AE=2H2OA31

AAEH2OH2OCCCCOO32

33

12-1) 2-2) 2-3) 2,3-4) 2,3-34

5) 1,3-2.35

21)2)3)4)5)36

6)7)8)37