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Object Relations Psychotherapy of Families & Couples

Tel AvivFebruary 4, 2013

David Scharff, M.D.The International Psychotherapy Institute www.theipi.orgdavidscharff@theipi.org

Object Relations Psychotherapy Basic Psychoanalytic Theory A balance of cognitive and emotional factors determine behavior Unconscious organization of mental experience Emotional communication is largely unconscious

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Object Relations Therapy

A branch of psychoanalysis, with therapeutic principles of: , :Listening Responding to unconscious material Developing insigh ()Interpreting

Object Relations Therapy for Couples

Couple is the patient, not individuals , Assesses Couple State of Mind " " Couple interaction recapitulates internal issues in unconscious interaction

Object Relations Therapy for Families & Couples Applies Analytic Theory & Modifies Technique & Unconscious understanding of individuals and their interaction Uses interpretation to foster understanding Centers on Therapeutic Relationship Begins with Therapists Holding & Containment "" "" Works with Transference & countertransference &

Goals of Object Relations Family & Couple Psychotherapy

Not symptom resolution, but: : Return to appropriate developmental phase for family & each individual at his/her level & /Increased mastery of developmental stress

Goals of Object Relations Family & Couple Psychotherapy

Improved ability to think about each other Improved differentiation from each other Improved ability to work and to relate

Fairbairn - Fundamental need for relationships Introjection Schizoid Process Splitting - The self is made of multiple parts of ego and object in dynamic interaction

Melanie Klein - Projective Identification Splitting off & repression of painful parts of mind & "" Thoughts, fantasies, affects, internal objects and relationships, , , Repression inside the self

Melanie Klein - Projective Identification Projection into other person for communicationfor help in dealing with pain for safe-keeping

Melanie Klein - Projective Identification Taking in of projective material of other persons mind "" "" Being influenced by and identifying with mental contents that have been introjected

Winnicott -

The Holding Relationship

Playing in the Gap between Mother and Child

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Dicks 1967 - 1967Projective Identification in Marriage Perceptions of the spouse occur as if the spouse were part of oneself. The partner is then treated according to how this aspect of oneself was valued: spoilt and cherished, or denigrated and persecuted.

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Projective Identification in Families & Couples & Projective and Introjective Identification: modes of unconscious family communication :

Aspects of personality and difficulty divided between family members

Projective Identification in Families & Couples & Magnification of aspects of individual personality on behalf of the whole family Unconscious assignment through: scapegoating, anxiety, kindness, heroic or loving qualities : , , ,

Container/Contained (Bion, 1962/1967)/ (, 1962/1967)The babys unthought anxieties ""Projected into the mothers mind "" Mother unconsciously holds in mind ""

Container/Contained (Bion, 1962/1967)/ (, 1962/1967)Transformation through mothers reverie "" Childs mind structured through interaction with parent minds"" ""

Transference andCountertransferenceIn Object Relations Family & Couple Therapy

Transference Matches Families Internal Objects with Therapists Internal Objects

Organizes the experience beyond intellectual or conscious sense Unconscious communication occurs through resonance with therapists internal objects The action of projective and Introjective identification in therapy informs therapist about familys unconscious organization

The Therapeutic Relationship Offers

An environment similar enough for unconscious patterns to emerge But different enough for identification and reworking

The Therapeutic Relationship

Therapist brings the capacity for holding, tolerating anxiety and loss through joining couple or familys experience & providing space for understanding

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The Therapeutic Relationship

Analogy to mothers reverie ""

Allows couple or family members toConfront individual & shared defenses Face anxiety as a group. :- & -

Technique of Object Relations Therapy with Families & Couples &

Provision of the space within a frame Management of the environment Interpret themes & projective identifications & Object relations history Dreams. . .

Technique of Object Relations Therapy with Families & Couples &

Demonstration of the ways of working Talk Explore daily interactions Use dreams Teach families language of play Interface of play between children & parents &

Play in Families Childs natural language Conscious & unconscious themes & Expresses anxiety & defense & Elaboration of adults verbal themes Use for interpretive themes Fuels countertransference analysis

Object Relations Therapy for Families with Children

Attend both to parents talk & childrens play & Examine how play & relating to each other & parents echoes themes being discussed & & Look for ways play & childrens interaction introduces themes &

Countertransference in Family & Couple Therapy &

Reflects therapists role as providing holding context to the couple or family Couple and family state of mind" "

Countertransference in Family & Couple Therapy &

Therapists internal couple & family resonates with family or couple projective identifications

ReferencesScharff, D. E. & Scharff, J. S. (1987) Object Relations Family Therapy. Lanham MD: Jason Aronson.Scharff, D. E. and Scharff, J. S. (1991). Object Relations Couple Therapy. Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson. Scharff, D. E. and Scharff, J. S. (2011) The Interpersonal Unconscious. Lanham, MD: Jason AronsonScharff, J. S. & Scharff, D. E. (2005) The Primer of Object Relations Therapy, 2nd Edition. Lanham MD: Jason Aronson.Scharff, J. S. & Scharff, D. E. (2006) New Paradigms for Treating Relationships. Lanham MD: Jason Aronson.

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