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AnemophilyFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Main article:Pollination syndrome

Wind-pollination (anemophily) syndrome

The flowers of wind-pollinated flowering plants, such as this saw-tooth oak (Quercus acutissima), are less showy than

insect-pollinated flowers.

Anemophilous plants, such as this pine (Pinus)produce large quantities of pollen, which is carried on the wind.

Anemophilyor wind pollinationis a form ofpollinationwherebypollenis distributed bywind.[1]

Almost

allgymnospermsare anemophilous, as are many plants in the orderPoales,

includinggrasses,sedgesandrushes.[1]

Other common anemophilous plants areoaks,sweet

chestnuts,aldersand members of the familyJuglandaceae(hickory or walnut family).

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1 Syndrome

2 Allergies

3 References

4 External links

Syndrome[edit]

Features of the wind-pollination syndrome include a lack of scent production, a lack of showy floral parts

(resulting in inconspicuous flowers), reduced production ofnectar,and the production of enormous numbers of

pollen grains.[2]

This distinguishes them fromentomophilousandzoophilousspecies (whose pollen is spread

byinsectsandvertebratesrespectively).

Anemophilouspollengrains are light and non-sticky, so that they can be transported by air currents. They are

typically 2060 micrometres (0.00080.0024 in) in diameter, although the pollen grains ofPinusspecies can be

much larger and much less dense.[1]

Anemophilous plants possess well-exposedstamensso that the pollens

are exposed to wind currents and also have large and feathery stigma to easily trap airborne pollen grains.

Pollen from anemophilous plants tends to be smaller and lighter than pollen fromentomophilous(insect-

pollinated) ones, with very low nutrit ional value to insects. However, insects sometimes gather pollen from

staminate anemophilous flowers at times when higher-proteinpollens from entomophilous flowers are scarce.

Anemophilous pollens may also be inadvertently captured bybees' electrostaticfield. This may explain why,

though bees are not observed to visitragweedflowers, itspollen is often foundinhoneymade during the

ragweed floral bloom. Other flowers that are generally anemophilous are observed to be actively worked by

bees, with solitary bees often visitinggrassflowers, and the largerhoneybeesandbumblebeesfrequently

gathering pollen fromcorntassels and other grains.

Anemophily is anadaptationthat helps to separate the male and female reproductive systems of a single plant,

reducing the effects ofinbreeding.[3]

It often accompaniesdioecythe presence of male and female

reproductive structures on separate plants.

Allergies[edit]

Almost all pollens that areallergensare from anemophilous species.[4]

Grasses (Poaceae)are the most

important producers of aeroallergens in most temperate regions, with lowland or meadow species producing

more pollen than upland ormoorlandspecies.[4]

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