Azygos Venos System 2(2)

8/2/2019 Azygos Venos System 2(2)

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Group Members:

Dr. Mohammed Fazil Omar Bin Mohamed Hyffny (Group B)

Dr. Nurul Izzah Binti Fauzan (Group D)

Dr. Tuan Nur Atiqah Liyana Binti Tuan Rahim (Group C)Dr. Nur Hanan Binti Md (Group C)

Dr. Najah Kurama Binti Ahmad Zuhdi (Group C)

Dr. Raihan Jannah Binti Mohd Yusoff (Group C)

Dr. Nurul Syafiqah Binti Ab.Razak (Group D)

Dr. Ahmad Termidzi Bin Mohd Azhar (Group C)

Dr. Muhammad Nur Akram Bin Makhtar (Group C)Dr. Wahyu Anwar Bin Jamali (Group A)

Dr. Ismail Bin Shaberi (Group D)

Dr. Abdul Hafizul Haq Bin Abd. Latiff (Group C)

Dr. Ahmad Ahsan Bin Mohamad Nil (Group C)

Dr. Ahmad Zulkhairi Bin Sa'adon (Group D)


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The azygos running up the right side ofthoracic vertebral column

Alternate path for blood to the right atriumby allowing the blood to flow between thevena cava when one vena cava is blocked.

Transports deoxygenated blood from theposterior walls of the thorax and abdomen tothe superior vena cava.

The anatomy of this blood vessel can be quitevariable.

In some rare variations for example, it also

drains thoracic veins, bronchial veins andeven gonadal veins.

The vein is so named because it has nosymmetrically equivalent vein on the left sideof the body.


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Formed by the union of the ascending lumbar veins with the right subcostalveins at the level of 12th thoracic vertebra.

Ascending in the posterior mediastinum and arching over the right main

bronchus posteriorly at the root of the right lung to join the superior venacava.

This arch of azygos vein (arcus venae azygos) is an important anatomic

landmark .

The arch can be displaced laterally, creating a pleural septum separating an

azygos lobe from the upper lobe of the right lung.

A major tributary is hemiazygos vein which is a similar structure on the

opposite site of vertebral column.

Other tributaries include the bronchial veins, pericardial veins and posterior

right intercostal veins.

It communicates with the vertebral venous plexuses


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Origin:

Vary

Union of right ascending lumbar vein and right subcostalvein (below joins IVC)

OR from the back of inferior vena cava at the level of renalvein.

Course and Relations:

Enters the thoracic cavity through the aortic opening of thediaphragm on the right side of the aorta at the level of 5ththoracic vertebra with thoracic duct in between.

Ascends anterior to the bodies of the lower 8 thoracicvertebrae.

Arches above the root of the right lung to end in thesuperior vena cava at the level of sternal angle (T4).


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End:Enters the superior vena cava at its middle

Tributaries

All the right posterior intercostal veins except 1st

vein ( ends into right brachiocephalic vein)Right subcostal & ascending lumbar veins.

Hemiazygos & accessory hemiazygos veins.

Veins draining the thoracic viscera (oesophageal,pericardial & right broncial veins)


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Right 8 lower intercostal veins.

Right superior intercostal veins.Superior hemiazygos veins.

Inferior hemiazygos veins.

Mediastinal veins.

Oesophageal veins.Pericardial veins.

Right bronchial veins.


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Formation: union of 4th-8th intercostal veins.

Descends on the left side of vertebral column.

Drains:- Left posterior intercostal veins from the 4th-

8th space.

- The bronchial veins from the left lung.

End: crossing the midline infront body of 8th

thoracic vertebra to end in the azygos vein.


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Formation:

- Union of left subcostal & lest ascending

lumbar veins (below joins left renal vein).- OR arise from the back of left renal vein.

Pierce the left crus of diaphragm to enter the

thorax.

Ascend left side of vertebral column till 9th

thoracic vertebraEnd: Cross the midline to end in the azygos vein.


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Tributaries:- Left posterior intercostal veins (9th-11th)

- Left subcostal vein.

It crosses behind:

- Descending aorta

- Thoracic duct

- Oesophagus.


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Azygos vein:- Connects superior vena cava with inferior venacava- In case of obstruction of SVC or IVC,it is the mainrout for the collateral circulation.

Paracentesis thoracis:- It is the puncture of thoracic wall t aspirate fluidfrom the pleura- Should be done midway between 2 ribs in the midaxillary line in the 6th space:

> to avoid penetrating abdominal viscera.> to avoid injury to the intercostal nerves & vessels.


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Thorax First Year, Anatomy Department,Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University

Grants Dissector, Thirteenth Edition

Clinically Oriented Anatomy, Keith L.Moore

Grays Anatomy-The Anatomical Basis ofClinical Practice, 39th Edition.

ElSevier Inc ElSevierImage.com

http://www.anatomyexpert.comhttp://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-the-

azygos-vein.htm
http://www.anatomyexpert.com/http://www.anatomyexpert.com/http://www.anatomyexpert.com/


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Azygos Venos System 2(2)