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Cc Thnh PhCa Hy Lp

http://www.hylap.net/category/cac-thanh-pho-cua-hy-lap

July 16, 2015

S lc thng tin vth Athens Hy Lp

Athens (pht m ting Vit: A-ten) l th v l thnh phln nht Hy Lp, l mttrong nhng thnh phcnht thgii vi lch sc ghi chp t nht l 3000 nm.

Ngy nay, Athens l thnh phln th8 chu u[3] v ang nhanh chng trthnhmt trung tm kinh doanh hng u trong Lin minh chu u. Dn s thnh ph

Athens l 3,3 triu ngi v dn svng thl 3,8 triu, lm trung tm ca cucsng chnh tr, vn ha, cng nghip, ti chnh, kinh tHy Lp. Ni thnh thnh phc din tch 39 km cn vng thc din tch 412 km[4].

Athens Ci l mt thnh bang hng mnh. L mt trung tm nghthut, hc thutv trit hc, l a im c Hn lm Hc vin ca nh vn ho Platon v vnLyceum ca nh vn ho Aristotle[5][6]. Athens cng l ni sinh ca Socrates,Pericles, Sophocles v nhiu nh trit hc, nh vn, nh chnh trni ting ca thgiici. Athens c xem nh l ci ni ca nn Vn minh phng Ty[7] v l nisinh ca khi nim dn ch,[8] phn ln l do nh hng ca nhng thnh tu chnh

trv vn ha ca thnh phny trong cc thk5 v 4 trc Cng nguyn i viphn cn li ca lc a chu u[9].

Di sn ca thi kci vn cn hin hin trong thnh ph, qua m tca mt stng i v cng trnh nghthut; ni ting nht l n Parthenon trn Acropolis,nh l mt im ni bt s thi ca nn vn minh phng Ty. Thnh phny cnglu gi nhiu tng i La M v Byzantine, cng nh mt s nh cc tng iOttoman cn li thhin bdy lch sca thnh phny qua cc thi klch sy

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bin ng. Nhng cng trnh ni bt ca thi khin i cng gp mt thnh phny, c thi gian xy dng nm 1830 (thi gian thnh lp nh nc Hy Lp), thhinQuc hi Hy Lp (thk19) v Btam Athens (Th vin, Trng i hc v VinAcademia).

Athens l thnh phng cai Thvn hi hin i u tin vo nm 1896, v 108 nmsau thnh phli l chnh ca Thvn hi ma H, vi thnh cng ln[10].

Dn s

Nm Ni Khu th Vng th

1833 4,000[11]

- -

1870 44,500[11]

- -

1896 123,000[11]

- -

1921 473,000[12]

- -

1921 718,000[11]

- -

1971 867,023[13]

- -

1981 885,737 - -

1991 772,072 - 3,444,358[14]

2001 745,514[15]

3,130,841[15]

3,761,810[15]

Kh hu

Athens c kh hu cn nhit i tho nguyn (phn loi kh hu theo Kppen BSh),vi thi gian c chiu di sng trong sut cnm (2.884 ginng mi nm ti trmkh tng Thision, 1961-1990)[16] v vi slng ma ln chyu xy ra tgiathng mi n gia thng t, lng ma cn li tha tht trong ma h v thng cdng ma phun sng hoc cc cn bo. Do nm v tr sn khut ma ca niParnitha, kh hu ca Athens kh hn nhiu so vi phn cn li ca khu vc chu ua Trung Hi. Cc vng ngoi min ni pha Bc, c mt m hnh hi khc bit vkh hu, vi nhit thng thp hn. Sng m dy c him xy ra trung tmthnh phnhng thng xuyn hn pha ng, sau dy ni Hymettus.

Giao thng

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Hthng ng st th(Metro, Suburban, Tram), bao gm nhng khoch mrng trong tng lai

A trolleybus and a bus in central Athens

Agios Dimitrios station with an island platform

Athen c cc dng vn ti a dng, hnh thnh nn mt mng li vn ti cng cngln nht Hy Lp. Hthng vn ti cng cng (mass transit) gm but phc vtrungtm th, mng li tu in[20] v xe in, kt ni vi cc ngoi pha nam vitrung tm thnh ph.[21]

Vn ti bng xe but

Ethel (ting Hy Lp: ) (Etaireia Thermikon Leoforeion), hoc Thermal BusCompany, l nh vn ti bng but chnh Athens. H thng ny gm khong 300tuyt xe but bao phton vng thAthens,[22] vi snhn vin 5.327, v 1.839xe but.[23] Trong s1.839 xe by th c 416 chy bng kh thin nhin nn,[23] nnl hthng xe but sdng kh thin nhin ln nht chu u.[24]

Ngoi cc loi xe but trn dng kh thin nhin v dng du diesel, khu vc ni caAthens cng cn cc xe bt in. Hthng xe but ny do xe but in vng Athens-Pireaus vn hnh, hay ILPAP (ting Hy Lp: ), gm c 22 tuyn vi 1.137

nhn vin.[25] Tt c366 xen but in u c trang bsong hnh cng hthng sdng diesel sdng trong trng hp mt in.[25]

S lc thng tin vthnh phHeraklion Hy Lp

Heraklion hay Iraklion (ting Hy Lp: pht m ting Hy Lp: [iraklio]) lmt thnh phln nht v l thphca Crete, Hy Lp. Thnh phHeraklion c dintch km2, dn sthi im nm 2007 l 140.357 ngi. y l thnh ph ln th4 tiHy Lp. Ph tch ca Knossos v khai qut v trng tu bi Arthur Evans nm gn

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thnh ph ny. Thnh ph c phc v bi Sn bay quc t Heraklion, NikosKazantzakis.

Kh hu

[n]Dliu kh hu ca Herakli on (19611990)

Thng 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Nm

Cao k

lc C

(F) 24.8 26.2 29.4 34.5 38.0 41.3 41.0 42.0 39.5 35.7 31.2 28.5 42,0

Trung

bnh

cao C

(F) 15.2 15.5 16.8 20.2 23.5 27.3 28.6 28.4 26.4 23.1 20.1 17.0 21,8

Trung

bnh

ngy,

C (F) 12.0 12.2 13.6 16.6 20.3 24.3 26.1 25.9 23.5 19.9 16.6 13.8 18,7

Trung

bnh

thp,

C (F) 9.0 9.0 9.8 12.0 14.9 19.0 21.7 21.7 19.3 16.5 13.4 10.9 14,8

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Thp

klc,

C (F) 0.2 0.2 0.3 4.4 6.0 12.2 16.2 16.6 12.5 8.7 4.4 2.4 0,2

Ging

thy

mm

(inche

s)

91.5

(3.60

2)

77.4

(3.04

7)

57.4

(2.26

)

30.0

(1.18

1)

15.2

(0.59

8)

3.2

(0.12

6)

1.0

(0.03

9)

0.7

(0.02

8)

19.5

(0.76

8)

68.8

(2.70

9)

58.8

(2.31

5)

77.1

(3.03

5)

500,6

(19,70

9)

%

m 67.6 66.5 66.1 62.0 60.6 56.7 56.9 58.2 61.3 65.9 67.4 67.5 63,1

Sngy

ging

thy TB

(1.0

mm) 10.1 9.1 6.9 3.4 1.9 0.5 0.1 0.1 1.3 4.9 6.0 8.9 53,2

Sginng

trung

bnh

hng

thng 116.4 121.0

177.

5 226.5 301.2 350.9 371.9 346.1 280.9 197.5 149.2 121.1

2.760,

2

Ngun: NOAA[2]

S lc thng tin vthnh phLarissa Hy Lp

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Larisa, cng gi l Larissa, l thnh ph pha ng Hy Lp, th ph ca LrisaDepartment. Thnh phnm trung tm ca ng bng Thessalu mu mv rng lnc con sng Pinis cung cp nc. Lrisa l mt trung tm thng mi v vnchuyn ng st bn rn cho vng nng nghip sn xut tri cy, la m, rau vthuc l. Thnh phcng l ni sn xut la, ng n, ru ouzo v ru mi hnganit. Thnh ph l qu hng ca Hippocrates, ng t ca Ty y. y cng l qu

hng ca nh th Pindar. Thnh ph bchim ng lin tc, bi La M chim ngv sau bquc Ottoman chim lu nht. Trn ng t nm 1941 v schimng ca c Quc x trong Thchin th2 lm thnh phhu hi nng.

Kh hu

[n]Dliu kh hu ca Larissa (19611990)

Thng 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Nm

Cao k

lc C(F) 21.8 25.2 26.8 32.4 40.0 42.2 45.2 43.0 39.2 33.7 29.0 22.0 45,2

Trung

bnh

cao C

(F) 9.6 11.8 14.9 20.0 25.7 30.9 33.0 32.4 28.7 22.1 16.0 10.9 21,3

Trung

bnh

ngy,

C (F) 5.1 6.8 9.5 14.0 19.6 24.9 27.1 26.0 22.0 16.1 10.8 6.3 15,7

Trung

bnh

thp, C

(F) 0.5 1.5 3.4 6.3 10.8 15.0 17.6 17.1 14.1 9.8 5.5 1.8 8,6

Thp k

lc, C

(F) 21.6 10.5 7 3.4 1.4 7.2 11.0 10.0 5.0 2 6.4 17.5 21,6

Ging

thy

mm

(inches)

29.7

(1.169

)

34.9

(1.374

)

36.3

(1.429

)

28.9

(1.138

)

37.1

(1.461

)

23.5

(0.925

)

20.3

(0.799

)

15.5

(0.61

)

29.4

(1.157

)

47.1

(1.854

)

58.2

(2.291

)

52.3

(2.059

)

413,2

(16,268

)

% m 79.5 75.9 74.1 68.7 61.7 49.9 46.4 50.0 58.6 69.9 78.9 82.5 66,3

Sngy

ging

thy TB(5.8 5.8 5.8 5.0 5.3 3.5 2.0 1.7 2.8 5.5 6.5 6.9 56,6

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1.0 mm)

Sgi

nng

trung

bnh

hng

thng 104.7 117.8 157.5 213.8 266.3 307.2 337.1 320.1 247.6 171.8 126 .0 101.0 2.470,9

Ngun: NOAA[3]

S lc thng tin vthnh phIoannina Hy Lp

Ioannina (ting Hy Lp: , [oanina], thng l , pht m ting HyLp: [anena]) l thnh phln nht ca Epirus, pha ty bc Hy Lp, vi mt dn s thkhong 140.000 ngi. N nm cao khong 500 mt trn mc nc bin,trn b pha ty ca h Pamvotis (). y l th ph ca Ioannina v caEpirus. Ioannina nm 450 km vpha ty bc Athena v 290 km vpha ty nam caThessaloniki 80 km vpha ng cng Igoumenitsa bin Ionia.

c thnh lp bi hong Byzantine Justinia trong thkth6, Ioannina pht trinrc rsau cuc Thp TChinh tht, khi nhiu gia nh giu c Byzantine chy trntrong nhng nm u thk13 sau khi Constantinopolis tht th. l th caDespotate ca Epirus 1358-1416, trc khi tbcc Ottoman trong 1430. Gia 1430v 1868, thnh phl trung tm hnh chnh ca Pashalik ca Yanina. Trong giai ongia th k 16 v 19, thnh ph l mt trung tm ln ca Khai sng Hy Lp hin

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i[2][3][4][5] Ioannina tham gia Hy Lp vo nm 1913 sau cc cuc chin tranhBalkan.

Thnh phc cmt bnh vin a khoa v mt bnh vin i hc[6] v c trsihc Ioannina (ta lc 5 km vpha nam thnh phvi 17 khoa[7] v 20.000 sinh vin)cng nh mt ssca vin cng nghEpirus[8], trst ti Arta.

Biu tng ca thnh phbao gm cc bc chn dung ca cc hong ByzantineJustinian trao vng min bi mt m tcch iu ca nh ht cgn Dodona.

Kh hu

[n]Dliu kh hu ca Ioannina (19611990)

Thng 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Nm

Cao k

lc C

(F) 20.0 23.6 25.2 28.2 34.2 38.8 42.4 39.8 36.8 32.2 24.4 18.8 42,4

Trung

bnh cao

C (F) 8.2 9.6 12.6 17.0 22.2 26.5 29.9 29.7 25.0 19.3 13.7 9.3 18,6

Trung

bnh

ngy,

C (F) 4.6 6.1 8.9 12.6 17.4 21.7 24.8 24.2 20.3 14.9 9.7 5.8 14,2

Trung

bnh

thp, C

(F) 0.2 1.2 3.3 6.0 9.5 12.7 14.8 14.9 12.3 8.5 4.7 1.6 7,5

Thp k

lc, C

(F) 13 10.2 8.2 2.6 0.6 5.4 7.4 7.0 3.0 3 8.4 9.6 13

Ging

thy

mm

(inches)

130.3

(5.13

)

115.5

(4.547

)

98.2

(3.866

)

76.0

(2.992

)

66.9

(2.634

)

46.8

(1.843

)

28.5

(1.122

)

28.4

(1.118

)

54.9

(2.161

)

95.5

(3.76

)

164.5

(6.476

)

172.3

(6.783

)

1.077,8

(42,433

)

% m 77.6 74.3 70.2 68.2 66.3 60.3 53.0 55.3 63.7 71.5 79.9 81.8 68,5

Sngy

ging

thy TB(

1.0 mm) 10.2 9.9 9.6 8 .9 8.8 5.7 3.4 3.4 4.6 7.4 11.2 12.5 95,6

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Ngun: NOAA[9]

S lc thng tin vthnh phChania Hy Lp

Chania (ting Hy Lp: (snhiu), [xaa], cng chuyn tChania, Hania, vXania, kiu c hn Chanea v ting Venezia Canea, ting ThNh KOttoman

Hanya) l thnh phln thnh ca Crete v l thphca n vperiphery Chania.Chania l mt thnh phthuc tnh Crete, Hy Lp. y l thnh phln th9 ca HyLp. N nm dc theo bbin pha bc ca hn o, v70 km (43 dm) vpha tyRethymno v 145 km (90 dm) vpha ty Heraklion.

Dn schnh thc ca n vtqun thng (khu tqun c) l 55.838 ngi,trong khi khu vc thc 81.985 c dn. iu ny bao gm thnh phChania cngvi 7 thtrn v lng: Mournies (dn s6390), Souda (dn s5330), Nerokouros (dns4175), Daratsos (dn s3287), Perivolia (dn s3065), Galatas (dn s2131) vVamvakopoulo (dn s1769).

Thnh phc kh hu c trng a Trung Hi, vi ma h nng kh v ma ngma nh. Trong thi gian gia thng T v thng Mi, hng ngy tri quang ng.Bu kh quyn lun lun m p, nhng t nng nng gay gt (nhit trn 38 C)khng phi l rt phbin, do gi Etesia hin hnh (Meltemia) thi thng phaBc v vui vva phi cc iu kin. Khong thi gian ca nhng ngy nng thngxuyn trong ma ng gi v ma. Tuyt v sng gi l him khi xy ra gn bbin,vi rt t ngoi l, nh cn bo tuyt vo ngy 13 Thng Hai 2004, khi 10-30 (250760 mm) tuyt tch ly trong khu vc th, gy ra shn lon chung. Tuy nhin,nhng ngy lnh nh vy c thc theo sau bi thi tit m hn nhiu v nng.

Ngay ccc t sng nhit nhsm c thxy ra thng ba hay thng t, trong mt skin ct sa mc Sahara, mnh m v nng t pha nam, m l mt loi Sirokos

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() v c gi l Livas (tc l gi tLibya) ngi Hy Lp. Nhng skinny xy ra chmt vi ln mt nm, v thi gian ca hkhng bao gil nhiu hnmt hoc hai ngy.

Kh hu

Kh hu

[n]Dliu kh hu ca Chania (19611990)

Thng 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Nm

Cao k

lc C

(F) 26.0 26.0 32.4 33.6 37.2 40.5 44.5 41.4 38.0 35.8 32.8 28.6 44,5

Trung

bnh

cao C

(F) 14.4 14.9 16.6 20.1 24.4 28.7 30.3 29.9 27.3 23.1 19.6 16.2 22,1

Trung

bnh

ngy,

C (F) 10.8 11.1 12.6 15.8 20.0 24.4 26.4 25.8 23.0 19.0 15.6 12.6 18,1

Trung

bnh

thp, C

(F) 7.5 7.7 8.6 11.1 14.5 18.5 20.6 20.5 18.2 15.1 11.9 9.3 13,6

Thp klc, C

(F) 0.0 0.0 0.4 4.0 6.8 11.1 13.0 14.5 12.2 8.2 2.2 0.4 0,0

Ging

thy

mm

(inches)

141.7

(5.579

)

112.4

(4.425

)

80.7

(3.177

)

31.8

(1.252

)

13.0

(0.512

)

4.6

(0.181

)

1.3

(0.051

)

1.5

(0.059

)

18.7

(0.736

)

80.1

(3.154

)

72.8

(2.866

)

93.9

(3.697

)

652,5

(25,689

)

% m 73.2 71.0 70.0 64.6 58.4 51.1 50.3 54.3 61.4 69.1 71.9 72.5 64,0

Sngy

ging

thy TB(

1.0 mm) 12.4 11.0 8.1 4.2 2.0 0.6 0.1 0.3 1.2 5.7 7.2 11.0 63,8

Sgi

nng

trung

bnh

hng

117.3 126.4 177.8 230.5 305.1 343.1 374.9 359.8 286.7 193.8 152.5 121.8 2.789,7

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thng

Ngun: NOAA[2]

S lc thng tin vthnh phChalkis Hy Lp

Chalkis hay Chalkida (pht /klss/; ting Hy Lp: [xalcia], ting Hy Lp

c/Katharevousa: ), l thnh thchnh ca o Euboea Hy Lp, nm trn eobin ca Evripos ti im hp nht. y l thnh ph ln th10 ca Hy Lp. Tnc bo tn tthi ci v c ngun gc t Hy Lp (ng, ng), mc dkhng c du vt ca bt k m trong khu vc. Cui thi Trung C, c gi l

Negropont (ting : Negroponte, en cu, ting Hy Lp: ), mt tn c p dng cho ton bhn o Euboea cng. a danh ny c cp ln utrong Iliad (nm 2.537), ni n c cp trong cng mt bc nh Eretria i thca mnh. N cng ghi nhn rng con tu t ra cho cuc chin thnh Troy tptrung ti Avlis, bnam ca eo bin gn thnh ph. Cc ngi mPhng ti Trypa vVromousa ngy n thi kMycenaean c khai qut Papvasileion vo nm 1910.Trong th k th 8 v th7 trc Cng nguyn, thc dn t Chalcis thnh lp bami thtrn trn bn o Chalcidice, v mt sthnh phquan trng Sicilia. Hotng sn xut khong sn, kim loi, v gm khng nhng thit lp cc khu vc chtrong cc khu nh c, m cn c phn phi trn a Trung Hi trong cc tuca Corinth v Samos.

Vi s gip ca cc ng minh, Chalcis tham gia trong lin minh i th caEretria lng ging ca mnh trong chin tranh Lelantine ci gi l, m nhn Chalcis

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ginh c khu vc nng nghip tt nht ca Euboea v tr thnh thnh phchnhca hn o. u thkth6 trc Cng nguyn, sthnh vng ca n bph v

bi mt cuc chin tn khc vi ngi Athens, trc xut cc tng lp qu tc cmquyn v thit lp mt cleruchy trn khu vc ny. Chalcis sau trthnh mt thnhvin ca chai Lin minh Delian. Aristotle, nh trit hc v i, cng sng trong thnh

ph.

Trong thi kHy Lp ci, n t c tm quan trng nh l mt pho i mtheo cc nh cai trting Macedonia kim sot trung tm Hy Lp. N c sdng

bi vvua Antiochus III ca Syria (192 trc Cng nguyn) v Mithradates VI caPontus (88 TCN) l mt c scho xm lc Hy Lp.

S lc thng tin vthnh phThessaloniki Hy Lp

Thessaloniki (ting Hy Lp: ), Thessalonica, hay Salonica l thnh phln thhai Hy Lp v l thphca vng Macedonia. Tn trang trng ca n l (Symprotvousa), gi nh ti thi k lch s khi n l thnh ph (Symvasilvousa) ca quc Byzantine. Theo thng k dn snm 2001,thnh phttrThessaloniki c dn s363,987, vng thl 800,764 vkhu vc thbao trm (LUZ) ca Thessaloniki c khong 995,766 dn c sinh sng

(2004).[3]Kh hu

[n]Dliu kh hu ca Thessaloniki (19611990)

Thng 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Nm

Cao k20.8 22.0 25.8 31.2 36.0 39.8 42.0 38.2 36.2 30.0 26.6 20.6 42,0

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lc C

(F)

Trung

bnh

cao C

(F) 9.1 11.0 14.2 19.2 24.5 29.1 31.4 30.9 27.3 21.2 15.4 10.9 20,3

Trung

bnh

ngy,

C (F) 5.0 6.7 9.6 14.2 19.5 24.2 26.5 25.8 21.8 16.1 10.9 6.7 15,6

Trung

bnh

thp, C

(F) 1.2 2.3 4.4 7.3 11.8 16.0 18.4 18.1 14.9 10.6 6.6 2.7 9,5

Thp k

lc, C(F) 14 12.8 7.2 1.2 3.0 6.8 9.6 8.2 2.6 1.4 6.2 9.2 14

Ging

thy

mm

(inches)

36.9

(1.453

)

40.3

(1.587

)

45.7

(1.799

)

36.1

(1.421

)

44.0

(1.732

)

31.6

(1.244

)

25.6

(1.008

)

20.8

(0.819

)

26.2

(1.031

)

40.6

(1.598

)

57.7

(2.272

)

52.9

(2.083

)

458,4

(18,047

)

% m 76.3 73.6 73.0 68.5 64.1 56.1 53.4 55.7 62.2 70.1 77.3 78.0 67,4

Sngy

ging

thy TB(

1.0 mm) 6.3 5.7 6.6 5.4 5.7 4.3 3.2 2.5 2.9 4.9 6.6 7.2 61,3

Sgi

nng

trung

bnh

hng

thng 98.7 102.6 147.2 202.6 252.7 296.4 325.7 295.8 229.9 165.5 117.8 102.6 2.337,5

Ngun: NOAA[4]

Th thaoCu lc b Thnh lp

Iraklis 1908

Aris 1914

Ch.A.N.Th. 1921

V.A.O. 1926

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Apollon 1926

M.E.N.T. 1926

P.A.O.K. 1926

Apollon 1926

Makedonikos 1928

Agrotikos Asteras 1932

S lc thng tin vthnh phPatras Hy Lp

Patrai hay Patras (ting Hy Lp: ; ting Hy Lp c: ; ting Latin: Patrae;ting ThNh K: Ballbadra) l thnh ph ln thba ti Hy Lp, cng min TrungHy Lp, th ph ca Achaea Department, bn Vnh Patras. Thnh ph Patras cchAthena 215 km vpha Ty. Ptrai l mt trong nhng thnh phln nht Hy Lp v

l mt trung tm cng nghip chto v thng mi. Cc ngnh chnh bao gm: chbin thc phm, ng tu, dt, gch ngi. Cc mt hng xut khu chnh bao gm: nhoHy Lp, ru vang, du olive, cc loi tri cy chua (cam, qut, chanh) v da cu.

Lch s

Thnh phc thnh lp vo thi Hy Lp ci, l mt trong 12 thnh phca Linhip Achaen th hai. Vo th k2 trc Cng nguyn, thnh phnm di quynkim sot ca chLa M v trthnh mt trung tm thng mi v cng thnhvng. y cng l mt trung tm t thi Thin Cha Gio tsm. Trong mt thi

gian ngn trong thk15, thnh phbCng ha Venezia nm giv sau chuynqua cho chOttoman. Ngoi trmt giai on ngn chu scai trca Venezia lnthhai (1687-1715), chOttoman kim sot Ptrai cho n nm 1828, gn lckt thc cuc khng chin ginh c lp ca Hy Lp. Trong thi kchin tranh ny,thnh ph bOttoman ph huhon ton. Thnh ph c xy li hin i theomt kiu mu vung vc.

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Kh hu

[n]Dliu kh hu ca Patras (19611990)

Thng 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Nm

Cao k

lc C(F) 24.0 24.6 28.0 31.2 35.0 37.2 41.3 39.3 38.2 32.6 30.6 24.6 41,3

Trung

bnh

cao C

(F) 14.0 14.9 17.0 19.9 24.4 27.9 29.5 30.1 27.8 23.5 19.1 15.6 22,0

Trung

bnh

ngy,

C (F) 9.9 10.5 12.6 15.8 20.3 24.1 26.4 26.6 23.7 18.9 14.5 11.4 17,9

Trung

bnh

thp, C

(F) 6.1 6.5 7.9 10.5 14.1 17.5 19.5 19.6 17.5 13.9 10.4 7.7 12,6

Thp k

lc, C

(F) 4.5 2.8 2.1 2.3 6.0 8.3 13.2 11.8 9.5 3.5 0.4 1.4 4,5

Ging

thy

mm

(inches)

92.8

(3.654

)

91.0

(3.583

)

62.1

(2.445

)

46.3

(1.823

)

28.4

(1.118

)

8.7

(0.343

)

5.7

(0.224

)

4.8

(0.189

)

23.0

(0.906

)

75.3

(2.965

)

118.3

(4.657

)

121.8

(4.795

)

678,2

(26,701

)

% m 69.0 67.6 67.1 66.4 64.4 62.4 60.2 59.8 63.1 67.0 70.9 71.3 65,8

Sngy

ging

thy TB(

1.0 mm) 10.5 9.7 8.1 6.7 3.9 1.7 0.8 0.7 2.9 7.0 9.3 11.9 73,2

Ngun: NOAA[3]

S lc thng tin vthnh phVolos Hy Lp

Volos (ting Hy Lp: ) l mt thnh phven bin Thessaly nm trung ca lc a Hy Lp, c ly khong 326 vpha bc Athena v 215 km vpha namThessaloniki. Thnh phny l thphca Magnesia. Thnh phVolos c din tch27,678 km2, dn sthi im nm 2007 l 141.675 ngi. y l thnh phln thti Hy Lp.

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S lc thng tin vthnh phKaterini Hy Lp

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Katerini (ting Hy Lp: , tn c: Aikaterini Catherine) l mtthnh phTrung Macedonia, Hy Lp, thphca n vperiphery Pieria. N nmtrn ng bng Pierian, gia ni Olympus v vnh Thermaikos, cao 14 m. Thnh

phny l mt trong nhng thnh thmi nht Hy Lp, c dn s83.764 ngi(theo iu tra dn snm 2001), l thnh phln th12 ca Hy Lp. N l gn thnh

phThessaloniki, thnh ph ln th hai ca Hy Lp, c mang li li ch cho

pht trin Katerini trong nhng nm gn y. Katerini c kt ni giao thng ngbttuyn ng cao tc GR-1/E75Thessaloniki-Athena (vi hai nt giao gn thnhph) v odos Egnatia pha bc. N c phc vbi chai tuyn tu ha Intercity vcc chuyn tu a phng trn tuyn ng st chnh tAthens n Thessaloniki vc mt dch vxe but trong khu vc v quc gia vi trung tm ca n trong thnh

ph.

L mt im n du lch phbin, Katerini gn bin (6 km) v mt sa im khochc quan tm rt ln nh thnh phcxa ca Dion (thk5 trc Cng nguyn,17 km) v lu i Venezia Platamon. Cc bi bin ca Korinos, Paralia v Olympiaki

Akti (hoc Katerinoskala) c l ni nghmt ca khch du lch Hy Lp v quc ttrong sut ma h. Chn ni Olympus v th trn Litochoro, c mt khong cchkhong 20 km ttrung tm ca Katerini.

S lc thng tin vthnh phRodos Hy Lp

Rodos (Rhodes) l mt thnh phthi Trung cnm Hy Lp. Thnh phcny chcn tn ti mt phn.

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Tng thn Mt Tri Rdos

Tng thn Mt Tri Rdos l mt bc tng v i ca thn Mt Tri trn oRdos (Hy Lp), do Chares xLindos dng nn trong khong 292 TCN v 280 TCN.

N khong cng kch thc vi Tng thn tdo New York, d c t trn mtci bthp hn. Bc tng tng l mt trong By kquan thgii ci.

S lc thng tin vthnh phAgrinio Hy Lp

Agrinio (ting Hy Lp: , ting Latin: Agrinium) l mt thnh phl thnh phln nht ca n vAetolia-Acarnania ca Hy Lp, vi 96.321 c dn. y l trungtm kinh tca Aetolia-Acarnania, mc d phphl thnh phMesolonghi. Thnh

phthuc tnh Ty Hy Lp, Hy Lp. Thnh phAgrinio c tng din tch km2, dn snm nm 2011 l 96.321 ngi. y l thnh ph ln th11 ca Hy Lp.

Khu nh c c tthi ci. Agrinion cc cly 3 km vpha ng bc ca thnh

phny, mt sbc tng v cc c strong c khai qut. Trong thi Trungccho n khi nm 1836, thnh phc bit n vi tn Vrachori ().

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Agrinio

a sngi dn a phng sng bng ngnh cng nghip thuc l trong thi giandi, tnhng thp kcui cng ca 19 n cui thk20. Cc cng ty thuc l lnc thnh lp trong thnh ph, bao gm c Papastratos ni ting, cng viPanagopoulos v Papapetrou. Agrinion cng c bit n nng nghip sn xut liuAgrinion.

Lch s

Thi ci

Theo thn thoi, Agninio c xy dng bi vua Agrios, con trai ca Portheus mtcht ca Aetolos (vua ca Plevron v Calydon) khong vo nm 1600-1100. Thtrnc xy dng gn bsng Achelous (bin gii tnhin gia Aetolia v Acarnania),c tuyn b ch quyn c hai nc trong thi c i. N b ph hy biCassander trong 314 trc Cng nguyn.

Thi Ottoman

Thnh ph li xut hin trong thi kOttoman vi tn gi Vrachori tn v ngoi cdn Hy Lp ra, n cng l ni sinh sng ca nhiu ngi ThNh K. Nm 1585, n bbhoang trong cuc khi ngha ca Theodoros Migas. Vo u thk18, n trthnh trung tm hnh chnh ca Aitoloakarnania (sau l sanjak ca Karleli), phthuc vo hu cung hong . Vrachori tham gia trong cuc Cch mng Hy Lp vc tm thi gii phng vo ngy 11 thng 6 nm 1821. Vo thng tm nm 1822,trong khi qun i Reid Mehmed Pasha (Ktahi) diu hnh vpha Vrachori, cngdn ca thtrn quyt nh t chy v s tn thtrn ca h, theo chin lc tiuth. Thnh phhoang vng bngi ThNh Kchim ng. Thnh phcui cng vnh vin c a vo trongbin gii ca nh nc Hy Lp mi ra i vo nm1832 vi hip c Kiosk Kalendar (9 thng 7 1832) v c i tn theo tn thi ci Agrinion.

Thi hin i

Nhng nm sau gii phng, Agrinio tri qua mt thi ktng trng v pht trinquan trng, c bit l vo cui thk19 v u thk20. Sau khi chin tranh HyLp-ThNh Kv Catastrophe Tiu , nhiu ngi tnn tTiu (pha ty Th

Nh K) n trong thnh phv nh c ti cc huyn Konstantinos Agios. Cngthi k ny l t nhp c quan trng n Agrinio t khu vc ton b Aetolia-Acarnania, cng vi ngi nhp c tcc khu vc Epirus v Evrytania. Trong thi kgia cuc chin, bt chp cuc khng hong kinh t, cng tc xy dng cc cng trnhc shtng din ra trong thnh ph, ri nha cc ng phv lp t hthngin, trong khi mt thp nc c lp t vo nm 1930. ng thi, cc cuc khaiqut cho thy thnh phcAgrinion. Tng trng v thnh vng trli sau khi chin

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tranh th gii th II v cuc ni chin Hy Lp. S tng trng ny c thc ymnh mbi vic xy dng hai p thy in ln ti Kremasta v Kastraki, pha bcca thnh ph. Ngnh cng nghip thuc l v trng cy liu trthnh ngun thunhp chnh ca thnh phny.

Kh hu

Kh hu ca Agrinio l kh hu a Trung Hi (CSA) vi mt lng ma ln trongma ng ngn v nhit cao trong ma h, i khi vt hn 40 C.

Ngy 04 thng 4 nm 2007, thnh ph tri qua mt vi trn ng t vi tm chnnm hTrichonis gn vpha ng nam ca thnh ph. Trn ng t gy rathit hi khng ng ki vi thnh ph, khng c bo co vnn nhn no ca trna chn.

S lc thng tin vthnh phTrikala Hy Lp

Trikala (Hy Lp: ) l mt thnh phTy Bc Thessaly, Hy Lp. N l th

ph ca n v ngoi vi Trikala, v nm v pha Ty Bc Athens, ty bc caKarditsa, pha ng Ioannina v Metsovo, pha nam ca Grevena, ty nam caThessaloniki, v pha ty ca Larissa. Thnh phnm hai bn sng Litheon, m l mtnhnh ca sng Pineios. Theo thng k quc gia, Trikala c 80.900 c dn.

Cc khu vc ca Trikala c ngi sinh sng tthi tin sv nhng du hiu utin ca cuc sng trong hang Theopetra c nin i khong 49.000 trc Cng

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nguyn. Hcng pht hin ra cc khu nh c thi k mi t6.000 trc Cngnguyn Grand Kefalovriso v cc a im khc.

Thnh phca Trikalas c xy dng trn cc thnh phci Trikka hoc Trikki,c thnh lp xung quanh cc thin nin k3 trc Cng nguyn v tn ca mnhtheo nthn Trikki, con gi ca Penaeus hoc theo nhng ngi khc th l con gica sng Asopos. Thnh phl mt trung tm quan trng ca thi ci, trong khi y Asklipios sinh sng, m ngy nay to thnh biu tng ca ph Trikkaion,cng l vua ca thnh ph. Trong khu vc tn ti trong hnh ng mt trong ccAsklipieia quan trng nht v ancienter ma. Thnh phcng cp trong Iliadaca Homer, tham gia trong chin tranh thnh Troy pha bn ca ngi Hy Lp, viba mi thuyn trng, cc con trai Asklipios, Machaona v Podaleirio. Thnh phcng tn ti nh mt th ca vng quc ma Mycenaen v sau thnh lptrung tm ca nh nc ca Estaiotidas chim khong mc hin hnh ca tnhTrikala v c m tbi nh a l Stravona.

S lc thng tin vthnh phSerres Hy Lp

Serres (ting Hy Lp: , hnh thc: Srrai) l mt thnh ph thuc tnhTrung Macedonia, Hy Lp. Thnh phSerres nm trong mt ng bng mu mcao khong 70 m, khong 24 km vpha ng bc ca sng Strymon v 69 km vpha ng bc ca thphMacedonia, Thessaloniki. Cc dy ni Rhodope tng vnln pha bc v pha ng ca thnh ph. Thnh phny l thphca n vngoivi Serres v nm ra pha ng ca Trung ng Macedonia. Dn s thtqun l56.145 ngi vo nm 2001.

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Nh shc Hy Lp Herodotus cp n cc thnh phvi tn Siris () trong thk th5 trc Cng nguyn. Theopompus cp n thnh phSirra (). Sau, n c cp l Sirae, snhiu, bi Livy lch sLa M. K t, tn cathnh ph vn snhiu v bi th k th 5 AD, n c trong cc hnh thcng i nh Serrae (). N c bit n nh l Ser trong chai Slavic tingMacedonia v Serbia, trong khi Bun-ga-ri n c bit n nh Syar () hoc Ser

(), c thc rt ra tchnh ttrc khi 1947 l , do chp cya ve m thanh. Cc hnh thc Katharevousa cho tn ca thnh phl Srrai ().N c bit n nh Serez hoc Siroz ThNh K.

Lch s

Serres c trthnh mt a im ca mt pho i ln c xy dng bi chByzantine bo v bin gii pha bc ca ch v o Rupel chin lc voBulgaria. N bchim gibi ngi Bulgaria trong thk15. Nm 1196, trongcuc chinSerres, Byzantine b nh bi bi Hong Bulgaria Ivan Asen I. Chn

nm sau , trong 1205, Hong Bulgaria Kaloyan nh bi mt i qun ca quc La tinh v kt hp cc thtrn chBulgaria. Nm 1256,n bchim bichNicaean. Serres ri vo tay ca Serbia trong nm 1345 v trthnh mt th ca Stefan Duan, vua Serbia. Duan rt hi lng vi vic chim githnh phlnthba Byzantine n ni ng ng tng quang Hong ca ngi Serbia v HyLp.

Sau ci cht ca ng quc ca ng ri vo tnh trng v chnh phv Hong huConsort Helena tip tc chi phi khu vc Serres t1356. Nm 1365, b b lt

bi bo cha Ugljea Jovan Mrnjavevi, ngi cai trmt quc gia nhnhng hng

mnh trong Serres. Sau trn chin 1371 ca Maritsa, Byzantine ginh li quyn kimsot Serres. Ngay sau , tuy nhin, nm 1383, Ottoman li chinh phc n. Serres tr thnh mt trung tm sanjak trong tnh Rumelia t1383-1826, v sau SelanikVilayeti gia 1826-1912. Sau hu quca trn Lepanto nm 1571, strth ca Th

Nh K hng vo dn Hy Lp tra ng tnh v khng thng xuyn ni lntrn ton Hy Lp. thSerres bcbc cng vi by nh thkhc, trong t aiv t thuc shu ca Tu vin Thnh Gioan Ty Gi btch thu. Vo cui thk18, Serres l ni sn xut bng vi, xut khu 50.000 qubng bng sang c, Php,Venice v Livorno.

S lc thng tin vthnh phAlexandroupoli Hy LpAlexandroupoli (ting Hy Lp , aleksanrupoli], trc y l, Alexandroupolis) l mt thnh phthuc tnh ng Macedonia vThrace, Hy Lp. Thnh phAlexandroupoli c tng din tch 1220 km2, dn snm2001 l 48.885 ngi cn khu tqun c dn s52.720 ngi. Alexandroupoli ct theo tn vua Alexander, n l mt cng quan trng v trung tm thng mi cavng ng bc Hy Lp.

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Alexandroupoli c cly khong 14,5 km (9,0 dm) vpha ty ca vng ng bngca sng Evros, 40 km t bin gii vi Th Nh K, 346 km (215 dm) tThessaloniki theo tuyn ng cao tc Egnatia mi c xy dng, v 750 km (470dm) t Athena. Xung quanh thnh ph, c cc lng nh c nh nh Makri vDikella v pha ty, v Maistros, Apalos, Antheia, Aristino, Nipsa, Loutra v phang, trong khi pha bc ca thnh phl Palagia, Abantas, Aissymi v Kirkas.

S lc thng tin vthnh phLamia Hy Lp

Lamia (thnh ph) (ting Hy Lp: , Lamia) l mt thnh phthuc tnh TrungHy Lp, Hy Lp. Thnh phLamia (thnh ph) c tng din tch km2, dn snmnm 2011 l 102.420 ngi. y l thnh phln th10 ca Hy Lp.

Lch s

Mc d c ngi tthin nin kth5 trc Cng nguyn, thnh phln u tin

c cp n sau trn ng t nm 424 trc Cng nguyn, khi n l mt cn cqun squan trng Spartan. N bchim ng bi Alexander ca Macedon. Sau cicht ca Alexander, ngi Athens, nhng ngi Hy Lp khc ni dy chng liMacedonia. Antipatros, nhip chnh ca Macedon, ni tr n ng sau cc bc tngln ca thnh ph(Lamian Chin tranh 323 BC-322 BC). Chin tranh kt thc vi cicht ca Athens ni chung Leosthenes, v sxut hin ca mt i qun 20.000 ngihng mnh Macedonia. Lamia sau pht trin thnh vng, c bit l trong thk

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th3 trc Cng nguyn di Aetolian quyn b ch, kt thc khi Manius AciliusGlabrio sa thi cc thnh ph trong BC 190. Lamia tr thnh mt phn ca nhnc Hy Lp hin i vo nm 1829 trthnh mt thnh phbin gii (bin gii c rt ra ti mt trang web c gi l Taratsa chvpha bc ca Lamia).

S lc thng tin vthnh phKalamata Hy Lp

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Kalamata l mt thnh phthuc tnh Peloponnese, Hy Lp. Thnh phKalamata ctng din tch km, dn snm nm 2011 l 70.130 ngi. y l thnh ph ln th1ca Hy Lp.

S lc thng tin vthnh phKavala Hy Lp

Kavala l mt thnh phthuc tnh ng Macedonia v Thrace, Hy Lp. Thnh phKavala c tng din tch km2, dn snm nm 2011 l 70.360 ngi. y l thnh

phln th18 ca Hy Lp.

S lc thng tin vthnh phVeria Hy Lp

Veria l mt thnh ph thuc tnh Trung Macedonia, Hy Lp. Thnh ph Veria ctng din tch km, dn snm nm 2011 l 66.630 ngi. y l thnh ph ln th20 ca Hy Lp.

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