Upload
fedsmith-inc
View
220
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
8/9/2019 DHS v. MacLean (13-894)
1/24
"#$%&' ('&)&*)+ (,-(./0 -/012 34"5
$6%%789:
;(-/< =>?@? &A &: B?7:&8%?2 7 :6%%789: #>?7C)*A?+ D&%% 8? @?%?7:?C2 7: &:8?&)E C*)? &) F*))?FA&*) D&A> A>&: F7:?2 7A A>? A&G? A>? *'&)&*) &: &::9?CH->? :6%%789: F*):A&A9A?: )* '7@A *B A>? *'&)&*) *B A>? ,*9@A 89A >7: 8??)'@?'7@?C 86 A>? 0?'*@A?@ *B I?F&:&*): B*@ A>? F*)J?)&?)F? *B A>? @?7C?@H$?? "#$%&' (%)%&*JH+&%,-$% .$/0&, 1 23/0&, 4-56344 KH $H L3"2 LLMH
SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES
$6%%789:
I/NO0-1/;- (P Q(1/RO;I $/,K0S-T 7H
1O,R/O;
,/0-S(0O0S -( -Q/ K;S-/I $-O-/$ ,(K0- (P ONN/OR$ P(0-Q/ P/I/0OR ,S0,KS-
;*H "LUVW5H O@E9?C ;*J?G8?@ 52 34"5XI?F&C?C Y7)97@6 3"2 34"Z
S) 34432 ,*)E@?:: ?)7FA?C A>? Q*G?%7)C $?F9@&A6 OFA2 ""[ $A7AH 3"LZH
->7A OFA '@*J&C?: A>7A A>? -@7):'*@A7A&*) $?F9@&A6 OCG&)&:A@7A&*)
#-$O+ \:>7%% '@?:F@&8? @?E9%7A&*): '@*>&8&A&)E A>? C&:F%*:9@? *B &)B*@]
G7A&*) H H H &B A>? K)C?@ $?F@?A7@6 C?F&C?: A>7A C&:F%*:9@^?_ D*9%C H H H
8? C?A@&G?)A7% A* A>? :?F9@&A6 *B A@7):'*@A7A&*)H` 5W KH $H ,H
a""5#@+#"+#,+H O@*9)C A>? :7G? A&G?2 A>? -$O '@*G9%E7A?C @?E9%7]
A&*): '@*>&8&A&)E A>? 9)79A>*@&b?C C&:F%*:9@? *B \:?):&A&J? :?F9@&A6 &)]
B*@G7A&*)2` [M P?CH 0?EH VLZ"2 D>&F> &)F%9C?C \^:_'?F&B&F C?A7&%: *B
7J&7A&*) :?F9@&A6 G?7:9@?: H H H ^:9F> 7:_ &)B*@G7A&*) F*)F?@)&)E :'?]
F&B&F )9G8?@: *B P?C?@7% O&@ 17@:>7%:2 C?'%*6G?)A: *@ G&::&*):2 7)C
A>? G?A>*C: &)J*%J?C &) :9F> *'?@7A&*):2` 5W ,P0 a"Z34HM#c+HS) Y9%6 344L2 A>? -$O 8@&?B?C 7%% B?C?@7% 7&@ G7@:>7%:X&)F%9C&)E
0*8?@A YH 17FR?7)X78*9A 7 '*A?)A&7% '%*A A* >&c7Fd '7::?)E?@
B%&E>A:H O B?D C76: 7BA?@ A>? 8@&?B&)E2 17FR?7) @?F?&J?C B@*G A>?
-$O 7 A?eA G?::7E? F7)F?%%&)E 7%% *J?@)&E>A G&::&*): B@*G R7: f?E7:
9)A&% ?7@%6 O9E9:AH 17FR?7)2 D>* D7: :A7A&*)?C &) R7: f?E7:2 8?]
%&?J?C A>7A F7)F?%%&)E A>*:? G&::&*): C9@&)E 7 >&c7Fd&)E 7%?@A D7:
C7)E?@*9: 7)C &%%?E7%H Q? A>?@?B*@? F*)A7FA?C 7 @?'*@A?@ 7)C A*%C
>&G 78*9A A>? -$Og: C?F&:&*) A* F7)F?% A>? G&::&*):H OBA?@ C&:F*J?@]
&)E A>7A 17FR?7) D7: A>? :*9@F? *B A>? C&:F%*:9@?2 A>? -$O B&@?C >&G
B*@ C&:F%*:&)E :?):&A&J? :?F9@&A6 &)B*@G7A&*) D&A>*9A 79A>*@&b7A&*)H
17FR?7) F>7%%?)E?C >&: B&@&)E 8?B*@? A>? 1?@&A $6:A?G: N@*A?FA&*)
.*7@CH Q? 7@E9?C A>7A >&: C&:F%*:9@? D7: D>&:A%?8%*D&)E 7FA&J&A6
9)C?@ Z KH $H ,H a3L43#8+#V+#O+2 D>&F> '@*A?FA: ?G'%*6??: D>* C&:]
F%*:? &)B*@G7A&*) A>7A @?J?7%: \7)6 J&*%7A&*) *B 7)6 %7D2 @9%?2 *@ @?E9]%7A&*)2` *@ \7 :98:A7)A&7% 7)C :'?F&B&F C7)E?@ A* '98%&F >?7%A> *@ :7B?]
A6H` ->? .*7@C >?%C A>7A 17FR?7) C&C )*A h97%&B6 B*@ '@*A?FA&*)
8/9/2019 DHS v. MacLean (13-894)
2/24
3 I/NO0-1/;- (P Q(1/RO;I $/,K0S-T 751O,R/O;
$6%%789:
9)C?@ A>7A :A7A9A? 8?F79:? >&: C&:F%*:9@? D7: \:'?F&B&F7%%6 '@*>&8&A?C
86 %7D2` a3L43#8+#V+#O+X)7G?%62 86 5W KH $H ,H a""5#@+#"+H ->? ,*9@A
*B O''?7%: B*@ A>? P?C?@7% ,&@F9&A J7F7A?C A>? .*7@Cg: C?F&:&*)2 >*%C]
&)E A>7A $?FA&*) ""5#@+#"+ D7: )*A 7 '@*>&8&A&*)H
8&9'< 17FR?7)g: C&:F%*:9@? D7: )*A \:'?F&B&F7%%6 '@*>&8&A?C 86 %7DH`
N'H ZU"[H
#7+ ->? i*J?@)G?)A 7@E9?: A>7A 17FR?7)g: C&:F%*:9@? D7: \:'?F&B&]
F7%%6 '@*>&8&A?C 86 %7D` &) AD* D76:< B&@:A2 86 A>? -$Og: @?E9%7A&*):
*) :?):&A&J? :?F9@&A6 &)B*@G7A&*)2 7)C :?F*)C2 86 $?FA&*) ""5#@+#"+ &A]
:?%B2 D>&F> 79A>*@&b?C A>? -$O A* '@*G9%E7A? A>*:? @?E9%7A&*):H
N'H ZU"5H
#&+ 17FR?7)g: C&:F%*:9@? D7: )*A '@*>&8&A?C 86 A>? -$Og: @?E9%7]
A&*): B*@ '9@'*:?: *B $?FA&*) 3L43#8+#V+#O+ 8?F79:? @?E9%7A&*): C* )*A
h97%&B6 7: \%7D` 9)C?@ A>7A :A7A9A?H ->@*9E>*9A $?FA&*) 3L432 ,*)]E@?:: @?'?7A?C%6 9:?C A>? '>@7:? \%7D2 @9%?2 *@ @?E9%7A&*)H` .9A ,*)]
E@?:: C&C )*A 9:? A>7A '>@7:? &) A>? :A7A9A*@6 %7)E97E? 7A &::9? >?@?j
&A 9:?C A>? D*@C \%7D` :A7)C&)E 7%*)?H ,*)E@?::g: F>*&F? A* :76 \:'?]
F&B&F7%%6 '@*>&8&A?C 86 %7D2` &):A?7C *B \:'?F&B&F7%%6 '@*>&8&A?C 86 %7D2
@9%?2 *@ @?E9%7A&*)` :9EE?:A: A>7A ,*)E@?:: G?7)A A* ?eF%9C? @9%?:
7)C @?E9%7A&*):H S) 7CC&A&*)2 $?FA&*) 3L43#8+#V+#O+ F@?7A?: 7 :?F*)C
?eF?'A&*) B*@ C&:F%*:9@?: \@?h9&@?C 86 /e?F9A&J? *@C?@ A* 8? d?'A :?]
F@?A &) A>? &)A?@?:A *B )7A&*)7% C?B?):? *@ A>? F*)C9FA *B B*@?&E) 7B]
B7&@:H` ->7A A>? :?F*)C ?eF?'A&*) &: %&G&A?C A* 7FA&*): 86 A>? N@?:&]
C?)A >&G:?%B :9EE?:A: A>7A A>? B&@:A ?eF?'A&*) C*?: )*A &)F%9C? 7FA&*)
A7d?) 86 ?e?F9A&J? 7E?)F&?:H P&)7%%62 &)A?@'@?A&)E A>? D*@C \%7D` A*
&)F%9C? @9%?: 7)C @?E9%7A&*): F*9%C C?B?7A A>? '9@'*:? *B A>? D>&:A%?]
8%*D?@ :A7A9A?H ->7A &)A?@'@?A7A&*) D*9%C 7%%*D 7) 7E?)F6 A* &):9]
%7A? &A:?%B B@*G $?FA&*) 3L43#8+#V+#O+ :&G'%6 86 '@*G9%E7A&)E 7 @?E9]%7A&*) A>7A \:'?F&B&F7%%6 '@*>&8&A?C` 7%% D>&:A%?8%*D&)EH
->? i*J?@)G?)A '@*'*:?: AD* 7%A?@)7A&J? &)A?@'@?A7A&*):2 89A )?&]
A>?@ &: '?@:97:&J?H P&@:A2 A>? i*J?@)G?)A 7@E9?: A>7A A>? D*@C \%7D`
&)F%9C?: 7%% @?E9%7A&*): A>7A >7J? A>? \B*@F? 7)C ?BB?FA *B %7DH` ->?
i*J?@)G?)A 87:?: A>&: 7@E9G?)A *) A>? C?F&:&*) &) 4:,;*9&, 4-,#2 55" KH $H 3V"2 D>?@? A>&: ,*9@A >?%C A>7A %?E&:%7A&J? @?E9%7]
A&*): E?)?@7%%6 B7%% D&A>&) A>? G?7)&)E *B A>? D*@C \%7D` 9)%?:: A>?@?
&: 7 \F%?7@ :>*D&)E *B F*)A@7@6 %?E&:%7A&J? &)A?)AH` ?'567A 3WZU3W[H
.9A ,*)E@?::g: 9:? *B A>? D*@C \%7D2` &) F%*:? F*))?FA&*) D&A> A>?
'>@7:? \%7D2 @9%?2 *@ @?E9%7A&*)2` '@*J&C?: A>? )?F?::7@6 \F%?7@ :>*D]
&)E` A>7A \%7D` C*?: )*A &)F%9C? @?E9%7A&*): &) A>&: F7:?H $?F*)C2 A>?
i*J?@)G?)A 7@E9?: A>7A A>? D*@C \%7D` &)F%9C?: 7A %?7:A A>*:? @?E9]
%7A&*): A>7A D?@? \'@*G9%E7A?C '9@:97)A A* 7) ?e'@?:: F*)E@?::&*)7%
C&@?FA&J?H` ->? i*J?@)G?)A2 >*D?J?@2 D7: 9)78%? A* B&)C 7 :&)E%? ?e]7G'%? *B A>? D*@C \%7D` 8?&)E 9:?C &) A>7A D76H N'H [U""H
#&&+ R&d?D&:?2 17FR?7)g: C&:F%*:9@? D7: )*A '@*>&8&A?C 86 $?FA&*)
8/9/2019 DHS v. MacLean (13-894)
3/24
L,&A? 7:< ZM5 KH $H kkkk #34"Z+
$6%%789:
""5#@+#"+H ->7A :A7A9A? C*?: )*A '@*>&8&A 7)6A>&)Ej &):A?7C2 &A 79A>*@]
&b?: A>? -$O A* \'@?:F@&8? @?E9%7A&*):H` ->9:2 86 &A: A?@G:2 $?FA&*)
""5#@+#"+ C&C )*A '@*>&8&A A>? C&:F%*:9@? >?@?H ->? i*J?@)G?)A @?]
:'*)C: A>7A $?FA&*) ""5#@+#"+ C&C '@*>&8&A 17FR?7)g: C&:F%*:9@? 86
&G'*:&)E 7 \%?E&:%7A&J? G7)C7A?` *) A>? -$O A* '@*G9%E7A? @?E9%7]
A&*): A* A>7A ?BB?FAH .9A A>? :A7A9A? 7BB*@C: :98:A7)A&7% C&:F@?A&*) A*
A>? -$O &) C?F&C&)E D>?A>?@ A* '@*>&8&A 7)6 '7@A&F9%7@ C&:F%*:9@?H
->9:2 &A &: A>? -$Og: @?E9%7A&*):X)*A A>? :A7A9A?XA>7A '@*>&8&A?C
17FR?7)g: C&:F%*:9@?2 7)C A>*:? @?E9%7A&*): C* )*A h97%&B6 7: \%7D`
9)C?@ $?FA&*) 3L43#8+#V+#O+H N'H ""U"5H
#8+ ->? i*J?@)G?)A 7@E9?: A>7A '@*J&C&)E D>&:A%?8%*D?@ '@*A?F]
A&*) A* &)C&J&C97%: %&d? 17FR?7) D*9%C \E@7J?%6 ?)C7)E?@ '98%&F
:7B?A6` 86 G7d&)E A>? F*)B&C?)A&7%&A6 *B :?):&A&J? :?F9@&A6 &)B*@]
G7A&*) C?'?)C *) A>? &C&*:6)F@7A&F c9CEG?)A *B ?7F> *B A>? -$Og:[42444 ?G'%*6??:H ->*:? F*)F?@): 7@? %?E&A&G7A?2 89A A>?6 G9:A 8?
7CC@?::?C 86 ,*)E@?:: *@ A>? N@?:&C?)A2 @7A>?@ A>7) 86 A>&: ,*9@AH
N'H "5U"ZH
M"5 PH LCH "L4"2 7BB&@G?CH
0(./0-$2 ,H YH2 C?%&J?@?C A>? *'&)&*) *B A>? ,*9@A2 &) D>&F> $,ORSO2
-Q(1O$2 iS;$.K0i2 .0/T/02 ORS-(2 7)C lOiO;2 YYH2 c*&)?CH $(]
-(1OT(02 YH2 B&%?C 7 C&::?)A&)E *'&)&*)2 &) D>&F> l/;;/IT2 YH2 c*&)?CH
8/9/2019 DHS v. MacLean (13-894)
4/24
"""""""""""""""""
"""""""""""""""""
#$%&' ()* +,- ./ 0/ """" 123#+4
56%7%87 89 &:' $8;?$@* >:%) 86%7%87 %) );AB'C& &8 98
8/9/2019 DHS v. MacLean (13-894)
5/24
2 K@TUI>V@=> 5W X5V@YU=K 0@$.I?>Z !"VU$Y@U=
56%7%87 89 &:' $8;0U )887 );DD87'H (EE (%< D(
8/9/2019 DHS v. MacLean (13-894)
6/24
P$%&' ()* +,- ./ 0/ """" 123#+4
56%7%87 89 &:' $8;
8/9/2019 DHS v. MacLean (13-894)
7/24
- K@TUI>V@=> 5W X5V@YU=K 0@$.I?>Z !"VU$Y@U=
56%7%87 89 &:' $8;
8/9/2019 DHS v. MacLean (13-894)
8/24
+$%&' ()* +,- ./ 0/ """" 123#+4
56%7%87 89 &:' $8;:' C8;
8/9/2019 DHS v. MacLean (13-894)
9/24
d K@TUI>V@=> 5W X5V@YU=K 0@$.I?>Z !"VU$Y@U=
56%7%87 89 &:' $8;
8/9/2019 DHS v. MacLean (13-894)
10/24
8/9/2019 DHS v. MacLean (13-894)
11/24
R K@TUI>V@=> 5W X5V@YU=K 0@$.I?>Z !"VU$Y@U=
56%7%87 89 &:' $8;
8/9/2019 DHS v. MacLean (13-894)
12/24
S$%&' ()* +,- ./ 0/ """" 123#+4
56%7%87 89 &:' $8;
8/9/2019 DHS v. MacLean (13-894)
13/24
#3 K@TUI>V@=> 5W X5V@YU=K 0@$.I?>Z !"VU$Y@U=
56%7%87 89 &:' $8;
8/9/2019 DHS v. MacLean (13-894)
14/24
##$%&' ()* +,- ./ 0/ """" 123#+4
56%7%87 89 &:' $8;
8/9/2019 DHS v. MacLean (13-894)
15/24
#2 K@TUI>V@=> 5W X5V@YU=K 0@$.I?>Z !"VU$Y@U=
56%7%87 89 &:' $8;
8/9/2019 DHS v. MacLean (13-894)
16/24
#P$%&' ()* +,- ./ 0/ """" 123#+4
56%7%87 89 &:' $8;
8/9/2019 DHS v. MacLean (13-894)
17/24
#- K@TUI>V@=> 5W X5V@YU=K 0@$.I?>Z !"VU$Y@U=
56%7%87 89 &:' $8;:'7L
8/9/2019 DHS v. MacLean (13-894)
18/24
#+$%&' ()* +,- ./ 0/ """" 123#+4
56%7%87 89 &:' $8;
8/9/2019 DHS v. MacLean (13-894)
19/24
#d K@TUI>V@=> 5W X5V@YU=K 0@$.I?>Z !"VU$Y@U=
56%7%87 89 &:' $8;:' B;HOD'7& 89 &:' .7%&'H 0&(&') $8;
8/9/2019 DHS v. MacLean (13-894)
20/24
"""""""""""""""""
"""""""""""""""""
#$%&' ()* +,- ./ 0/ """" 123#+4
05657895:; &%>?/
L (?Q'' T%&U VPYU AZ &U' $APQ&[) A\%>%A>/ L U(]' >A
^P(_V) T%&U &U' $APQ&[) YA>Y_P)%A> &U(& &U' \UQ()' `)\'a
Y%Z%Y(__R \QAU%b%&'= bR _(T;c () P)'= %> &U' NU%)&_'b_AT'Q
HQA&'Y&%A> 8Y& AZ #EDE 1NH84; + ./ 0/ $/ d2B321b41D4184;
=A') >A& '>YAV\()) =%)Y_A)PQ') \QAU%b%&'= A>_R bR Q'?P_(a
&%A>/ 0'' #$%&; (& ,/ @AQ =A L )'' (>R \QAb_'V %> &U'
=%)&%>Y&%A> &U' $APQ& =Q(T) b'&T''> )&(&P&') &U(&'()*+,+%
%>ZAQV(&%A> ZQAV b'%>? =%)Y_A)'=; &U' ]%A_(&%A> AZ TU%YU
V(R \Q'Y_P=' (\\_%Y(&%A> AZ &U' NH8; (>= )&(&P&') &U(&
)%V\_R &-&.'% %>ZAQV(&%A> ZQAV A&U'QT%)'a(\\_%Y(b_'
=%)Y_A)PQ' Q'^P%Q'V'>&); TU%YU =A >A& &Q%??'Q &U' NH8[)
`\QAU%b%&'= bR _(Tc 'eY'\&%A>/ 0'' #$%&; (& #2C#B/
L \(Q& T(R) T%&U &U' $APQ&; UAT']'Q; TU'> %& YA>Y_P=')
&U(& -E ./ 0/ $/ d##-1Q41#4 =A') >A& %&)'_Z \QAU%b%& &U' &R\'
AZ =%)Y_A)PQ' (& %))P' U'Q'f&U' Q'_'()' AZ %>ZAQV(&%A>
Q'?(Q=%>? &U' (b)'>Y' AZ Z'='Q(_ (%Q V(Q)U(_) A> A]'Q>%?U&
Z_%?U&)/ /$%&; (& ##/ 6U(& )&(&P&' \QA]%='); %> Q'_'](>&
\(Q&; &U(& &U' 6Q(>)\AQ&(&%A> 0'YPQ%&R 8=V%>%)&Q(&%A>
16084 `0*#11 \Q')YQ%b' Q'?P_(&%A>) \QAU%b%&%>? &U' =%)Y_Aa
)PQ' AZ %>ZAQV(&%A> Ab&(%>'= AQ =']'_A\'= %> Y(QQR%>? AP&
)'YPQ%&R / / / %Z &U' .>='Q 0'YQ'&(QR ='Y%=') &U(& =%)Y_A)%>?
&U' %>ZAQV(&%A> TAP_= / / / b' ='&Q%V'>&(_ &A &U' )'YPQ%&R AZ&Q(>)\AQ&(&%A>/c d##-1Q41#4 1'V\U()%) (=='=4/
8/9/2019 DHS v. MacLean (13-894)
21/24
2 FGH8:67G@6 5I J57GK8@F 0G$.:L69 !"78$KG8@
05657895:; ##-1Q41#4 =A') >A&
`\QAU%b%& (>R&U%>?;c bP& %>)&'(= )%V\_R `#3%*)(+4&0c &U'
608 &A \Q')YQ%b' Q'?P_(&%A>)/ /$%&; (& ##/ MP& &U%) YA>a
&'>&%A> A]'Q_AAg) &U' )&(&P&'[) P)' AZ &U' TAQ= `)U(__;c
TU%YU; () T' U(]' Ab)'Q]'=; `?'>'Q(__R V'(>) hVP)&/[c
53%+&((&4 6& 7#(%+$&4 ]/ 8#.#9$); +#+ ./ 0/ -#,; -B2; >/ E
1#EE+4i )'' (_)A; &"9"; :&6&(#1" ;-'(&00 %>&'>& &A h%V\A)' =%)YQ'&%A>_')) Ab_%?(&%A>)[c4
1)AV' %>&'Q>(_ ^PA&(&%A> V(Qg) AV%&&'=44i 8/ 0Y(_%( j M/
k(Q>'Q; :'(=%>? K(T* 6U' L>&'Q\Q'&(&%A> AZ K'?(_ 6'e&)
##- 123#24 1`ONSU'> &U' TAQ= 0*#11 Y(> Q'()A>(b_R Q'(= ()V(>=(&AQR; %& AP?U& &A b' )A Q'(=c4/ 0'Y&%A> ##-1Q41#4 =A')
>A& V'Q'_R #3%*)(+4&&U' 608 &A \QAVP_?(&' Q'?P_(&%A>)i %&
=%Q'Y&) %& &A =A )A; (>= =')YQ%b') TU(& &UA)' Q'?P_(&%A>)
VP)& (YYAV\_%)U/
6U' $APQ& ZAYP)'); )'YA>=; A> &U' Z(Y& &U(& 0'Y&%A>
##-1Q4 (P&UAQ%l') &U' 608 &A ` h='Y%=O'S[ c TU'&U'Q &U'
=%)Y_A)PQ' AZ ( \(Q&%YP_(Q %&'V AZ %>ZAQV(&%A> TAP_= %> Z(Y&
b' ` h='&Q%V'>&(_ &A &U' )'YPQ%&R AZ &Q(>)\AQ&(&%A>/[c /$%&;
(& ##C#2 1'V\U()%) ='_'&'=4/ L Y'Q&(%>_R (?Q'' &U(& &U%)
_(>?P(?' ]')&) )AV' =%)YQ'&%A> %> &U' (?'>YR/# MP& &U'
ffffff# 6U' $APQ& =A') >A& (==Q')) Q')\A>='>&[) (_&'Q>(&%]' (Q?PV'>&;
(YY'\&'= bR &U' $APQ& AZ 8\\'(_) b'_AT; &U(& 0'Y&%A> ##-1Q41#4 =')YQ%b')
&U' %>ZAQV(&%A> '>YAV\())'= %> %&) \QAU%b%&AQR )YA\' T%&U %>)PZZ%Y%'>&
\(Q&%YP_(Q%&R &A ^P(_%ZR &U' =%)Y_A)PQ' U'Q' () `0'&?+A+?#11B\QAU%b%&'= bR
_(Tc T%&U%> &U' V'(>%>? AZ &U' NH8/ 0AV' AZ &U' _'?%)_(&%]' U%)&AQR AZ
&U' NH8 _%>g'= %&) )\'Y%Z%Y%&R Q'^P%Q'V'>& &A &U' YQ%&'Q%( ')&(b_%)U'= %>
Ge'V\&%A> B AZ &U' IQ''=AV AZ L>ZAQV(&%A> 8Y&; + ./ 0/ $/ d++21b41B4;
(>= &U' $APQ& AZ 8\\'(_) (\\_%'= &U%) )&(>=(Q=/ 0'' ,#- I/ B= #B3#;
#B3E 1$8 I'=/ 23#B4i )'' (_)A 0/ :'\/ @A/ E+CEmE; \\/ 2#C22 1#E,D4/
7(YK'(> U() AZZ'Q'= >A (Q?PV'>& &U(& ( NH8 (>&%a=%)Y_A)PQ' )&(&P&'
VP)& ='Z%>' &U' Q'_'](>& Y(&'?AQR AZ %>ZAQV(&%A> T%&U (>R ?Q'(&'Q
='?Q'' AZ \(Q&%YP_(Q%&R/ 8))PV%>? &U' Ge'V\&%A> B )&(>=(Q= %) (\\_%a
Y(b_'; L >A&' &U(& 0'Y&%A> ##-1Q4 %) (& _'()& () `)\'Y%Z%Yc () &U' )&(&P&AQR
\QA]%)%A>) T' U(]' \Q']%AP)_R U'_= &A )(&%)ZR Ge'V\&%A> B[) Q'^P%Q'aV'>&)/ 0''; &"9";C&'#(%.&$% )A D30%+?&]/ D31+#$; -Dm ./ 0/ #; E 1#EDD4
1UA_=%>? &U(& \QA]%)%A>) AZ I'='Q(_ :P_' AZ $Q%V%>(_ HQAY'=PQ'
8/9/2019 DHS v. MacLean (13-894)
22/24
B$%&' ()* +,- ./ 0/ """" 123#+4
05657895:; YR %) Q'^P%Q'= &A \Q']'>& &U' =%)Y_A)PQ' AZ (>R %>ZAQa
V(&%A> %& ='&'QV%>') %) T%&U%> $A>?Q'))[ \QAU%b%&%A>i %&)
=%)YQ'&%A> \'Q&(%>) A>_R &A +6&$%+AB+$9TU'&U'Q ( \(Q&%YPa
_(Q \%'Y' AZ %>ZAQV(&%A> Z(__) T%&U%> &U' )YA\' AZ $A>?Q'))[
YAVV(>=/ L> YA>Y_P=%>? &U(& )PYU Q')%=P(_ (?'>YR =%)YQ'a
&%A> ='\Q%]') 0'Y&%A> ##-1Q4 AZ \QAU%b%&AQR 'ZZ'Y&; &U' $APQ&
A]'Q_AAg) &U' ='?Q'' AZ (?'>YR %>]A_]'V'>& &U(& %) >'Y')a
)(QR %> &U' (=V%>%)&Q(&%A> AZ V(>R (>&%=%)Y_A)PQ' )&(&a
P&')/ $A>?Q')) Y(>>A& b' 'e\'Y&'= &A %='>&%ZR T%&U \(Q&%Ya
P_(Q%&R '(YU %>=%]%=P(_ =AYPV'>& AQ =(&PV &U' Q'_'()' AZ
TU%YU %& T(>&) &A \Q'Y_P='/ 5Z&'>; %& T%__ U(]' &A _'(]' &A
(> (?'>YR AQ A&U'Q '>ZAQY%>? (P&UAQ%&R &U' &()g) AZ ='Z%>a%>?f\'QU(\) &UQAP?U Q'?P_(&%A>)f'e(Y&_R TU(& &R\' AZ
%>ZAQV(&%A> Z(__) T%&U%> &U' )YA\' AZ &U' YA>?Q'))%A>(_
\QAU%b%&%A>; (>= AZ ='&'QV%>%>? TU'&U'Q ( \(Q&%YP_(Q %&'V
AZ %>ZAQV(&%A> Z%&) &U' b%__/ 6U' '>ZAQY%>? (P&UAQ%&R V(R;
() &U' $APQ& \P&) %&; )AV'&%V') b' Q'^P%Q'= &A V(g' )AV'
`Z%>'a?Q(%>'= =%)&%>Y&%A>O)Sc %> ZP_Z%__%>? &U%) YU(Q?'; #$%&;
(& #2; bP& &U(& =A') >A& YU(>?' &U' Z(Y& &U(& $A>?Q'))
%&)'_Z %) &U' )APQY' AZ &U' \QAU%b%&%A> A> =%)Y_A)PQ'/2
L>=''=; $A>?Q')) (\\'(Q) &A U(]' (>&%Y%\(&'= &U' >''=
ZAQ (?'>YR %>]A_]'V'>& %> &U' %>&'Q\Q'&(&%A> (>= '>ZAQY'a
ffffff
B21Y41B4184 (>= ZAQV'Q #D ./ 0/ $/ d-23D1Y41#ED2 '=/4 \QAU%b%&%>? =%)Y_Aa
)PQ' AZ \AQ&%A>) AZ \Q')'>&'>Y' Q'\AQ&) `Q'_(&O'=S &A YA>Z%='>&%(_ )APQY');
=%(?>A)&%Y A\%>%A>); #$6 )%*&( +$A)(.#%+)$ %*#% .#B ?#30& *#(. %) %*&
6&A&$6#$% )( %) %*+(6 '#(%+&0c YAP_= XP)&%ZR T%&UUA_=%>? P>='Q Ge'V\a
&%A> B 1'V\U()%) (=='=44/2 IAQ &U' )(V' Q'()A>); &U' (?'>YR[) ='Y%)%A> &U(& ( =%)Y_A)PQ' YA>a
&Q(]'>'= ( )&(&P&' V(R >A& >'Y'))(Q%_R b' ='&'QV%>(&%]' %> (>R ?%]'>
NH8 Y()'* 8_&UAP?U (> (?'>YR V(R >A =APb& Q'Y'%]' ='Z'Q'>Y' %> &U'
%>&'Q\Q'&(&%A> (>= %V\_'V'>&(&%A> AZ ( \QAU%b%&AQR )&(&P&'; P_&%V(&'_R
NH8 \QA&'Y&%A> T%__ >A& (\\_R %Z &U' (?'>YR %V\QA\'Q_R YA>Y_P='= &U(&
( ?%]'> =%)Y_A)PQ' T() \QAU%b%&'= bR &U(& )&(&P&'/ $Z/ ? ='Z'Q'>Y' &A $'>&Q(_ L>&'__%?'>Y'
8?'>YR[) 'e\'Q&%)'; bP& '>?(?%>? %> (> 'e&'>='= (>(_R)%) AZ TU'&U'Q&U' \(Q&%YP_(Q %>ZAQV(&%A> &U' (?'>YR Q'ZP)'= &A =%)Y_A)' Z'__ T%&U%> &U'
)YA\' AZ &U' )&(&P&AQR \QAU%b%&%A>4/
8/9/2019 DHS v. MacLean (13-894)
23/24
- FGH8:67G@6 5I J57GK8@F 0G$.:L69 !"78$KG8@
05657895:; & AZ (>&%=%)Y_A)PQ' )&(&P&') (& &U' &%V' %& '>(Y&'= &U'
NH8/ 6U' 0'>(&' :'\AQ& &A &U' NH8 %='>&%Z%'= A>_R &TA
)&(&P&') &U' ]%A_(&%A> AZ TU%YU TAP_= \Q'Y_P=' TU%)&_'a
b_AT'Q \QA&'Y&%A>; &U' Z%Q)& b'%>? 0'Y&%A> #321=41B4 AZ &U'
@(&%A>(_ 0'YPQ%&R 8Y& AZ #E-,; m# 0&(&/ -ED; TU%YU \QAa
]%='= &U(& `&U' F%Q'Y&AQ AZ $'>&Q(_ L>&'__%?'>Y' )U(__ b' Q'a
)\A>)%b_' ZAQ \QA&'Y&%>? %>&'__%?'>Y' )APQY') (>= V'&UA=)
ZQAV P>(P&UAQ%l'= =%)Y_A)PQ'/c 0'' 0/ :'\/ @A/ E+CEmE;
\\/ 2#C22 1#E,D4/ 6U%) 'e(V\_' Y_'(Q_R )P??')&) $A>?Q'))
YA>&'V\_(&'= &U(& ( )&(&P&' =%Q'Y&%>? (> (?'>YR &A \QA&'Y&
(?(%>)& =%)Y_A)PQ') (>= ='_'?(&%>? )Pb)&(>&%(_ (P&UAQ%&R &A
&U' (?'>YR )UAP_= >']'Q&U'_')) b' =''V'= &A %V\A)' &U'Q'_'](>& \QAU%b%&%A>/ 0'Y&%A> ##-1Q41#4[) ='_'?(&%A> &A &U'
608 &A `='Y%='c TU'&U'Q &U' Q'_'()' AZ \(Q&%YP_(Q %>ZAQa
V(&%A> TAP_= b' `='&Q%V'>&(_ &A &U' )'YPQ%&R AZ &Q(>)\AQa
&(&%A>c _%g'T%)' )%V\_R Q'Z_'Y&) $A>?Q'))[ Q'YA?>%&%A> AZ
&U' %>']%&(b_' Z(Y& &U(& &U' (?'>YR T%__ b' &()g'=; %> &U'
Z%Q)& %>)&(>Y'; T%&U '>ZAQY%>? %&) )&(&P&AQR V(>=(&'/
L> )PV; T%&U 0'Y&%A> ##-1Q41#4; $A>?Q')) U() Q'^P%Q'=
(?'>YR (Y&%A> &U(& TAP_= \Q'Y_P=' &U' Q'_'()' AZ %>ZAQa
V(&%A> `='&Q%V'>&(_ &A &U' )'YPQ%&R AZ &Q(>)\AQ&(&%A>/c L>
)A =A%>?; $A>?Q')) U() 'e\Q'))'= %&) Y_'(Q %>&'>& &A \QAa
U%b%& )PYU =%)Y_A)PQ')/ L TAP_= Q')\'Y& %&) %>&'>&; (>= UA_=&U(& ( =%)Y_A)PQ' YA>&Q(]'>%>? &U(& V(>=(&' %) `\QAU%b%&'=
bR _(Tc T%&U%> &U' V'(>%>? AZ &U' NH8/
J(]%>? )(%= (__ &U(&; L (\\Q'Y%(&' &U' >(QQAT>')) AZ &U'
$APQ&[) UA_=%>?/ 6U' $APQ&[) YA>Y_P)%A> &U(& 0'Y&%A>
##-1Q4 =A') >A& %&)'_Z \QAU%b%& (>R =%)Y_A)PQ') ='\'>=)
'>&%Q'_R A> &U' )&(&P&AQR _(>?P(?' =%Q'Y&%>? &U' (?'>YR &A
`\Q')YQ%b' Q'?P_(&%A>);c (>= \QA]%=%>? &U(& &U' (?'>YR T%__
`='Y%=O'Sc TU(& %>ZAQV(&%A> Z(__) T%&U%> &U' )&(&P'[) \PQa
]%'T/ 0'' #$%&; (& ##/ IQAV (__ &U(& (\\'(Q) %> &U' V(XAQa
%&R A\%>%A>; &U'>; &U%) Y()' TAP_= _%g'_R U(]' &PQ>'= AP&
=%ZZ'Q'>&_R %Z 0'Y&%A> ##-1Q4 %>)&'(= \QA]%='=* `6U' =%)Y_Aa
)PQ' AZ %>ZAQV(&%A> ='&Q%V'>&(_ &A &U' )'YPQ%&R AZ &Q(>)a\AQ&(&%A> %) \QAU%b%&'=; (>= &U' 608 )U(__ \QAVP_?(&'
8/9/2019 DHS v. MacLean (13-894)
24/24
+$%&' ()* +,- ./ 0/ """" 123#+4
05657895:; ) &A &U(& 'ZZ'Y&;c AQ `6U' .>='Q 0'YQ'&(QR )U(__
\Q')YQ%b' Q'?P_(&%A>) \QAU%b%&%>? &U' =%)Y_A)PQ' AZ %>ZAQa
V(&%A> ='&Q%V'>&(_ &A &U' )'YPQ%&R AZ &Q(>)\AQ&(&%A>i (>=
)PYU =%)Y_A)PQ') (Q' \QAU%b%&'=/c L VR)'_Z ='Y_%>' &A )PQa
Q'>='Q )A ZP__R &A )U''Q ZAQV(_%)V; ')\'Y%(__R TU'Q' &Q(>)a
\AQ&(&%A> )'YPQ%&R %) (& %))P' (>= &U'Q' %) _%&&_' =%)\P&'
&U(& &U' =%)Y_A)PQ' AZ (%Q V(Q)U(_)[ _AY(&%A>) %) \A&'>&%(__R
=(>?'QAP) (>= T() \QA)YQ%b'= bR &U' Q'_'](>& %V\_'V'>&a
%>? Q'?P_(&%A>/ L> )A )PQQ'>='Q%>?; UAT']'Q; &U' $APQ&
TAP_= (\\'(Q &A U(]' '>(b_'= ZP&PQ' YAPQ&) (>= $A>a
?Q'))') &A (]A%= '()%_R &U' YA>)'^P'>Y') AZ %&) QP_%>?; (>=
&UP) &A U(]' _%V%&'= VPYU AZ &U' \A&'>&%(_ ZAQ (=]'Q)'\Q(Y&%Y(_ 'ZZ'Y&) b'RA>= &U%) Y()'/ MP& %> &U' %>&'Q%V; (&
_'()&; &U' $APQ& U() _'Z& %V\AQ&(>& ='Y%)%A>) Q'?(Q=%>? &U'
=%)Y_A)PQ' AZ YQ%&%Y(_ %>ZAQV(&%A> YAV\_'&'_R &A &U' TU%V)
AZ %>=%]%=P(_ 'V\_AR'')/
L Q')\'Y&ZP__R =%))'>&/