Disaster Management Policy Frameworkin JAPAN

Director, Setsuko Saya

International Cooperation Division,

Disaster Management Bureau,

Cabinet Office of JAPAN

19 March, 2018

Session 1

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

昭和

20

22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 平成

元

3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27

（人）

（年）

主な災害：三河地震（2,306人）,枕崎台風(3,756人）

主な災害：福井地震（3,769人）

主な災害：伊勢湾台風（5,098人）

主な災害：南紀豪雨（1,124人）

主な災害：洞爺丸台風（1,761人）

主な災害：阪神・淡路大震災（6,437人）

主な災害：カスリーン台風（1,930人）

主な災害：東日本大震災（22,118人）

主な災害：南海地震（1,443人）

出典：昭和20年は主な災害による死者・行方不明者（理科年表による）。昭和21～27年は日本気象災害年報、昭和28年～37年は警察庁資料、昭和38年以降は消防庁資料をもとに内閣府作成

主な災害：東日本大震災（22,118人）

17319089115 25571283

The number of deaths attributed to natural disasters

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

19 21 23 25 27

（人）

（年）

39 101

そのまま訳してください白書付属資料８参照

Source: 1945 year, the deaths / missing person due to major disasters (according to science chronology). 1946 to 52 year, annual report of Japan Meteorological Agency. 1953 to 1962materials of the National Police Agency, and Since 1960, from material of Cabinet Office based on Fire and Disaster Management Agency

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

1945 1947 1949 1951 1953 1955 1957 1959 1961 1963 1965 1967 1969 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015

(People)

(Year)

Main disasters: Mikawa Earthquake (2,306), TyphoonMakurazaki (3,756)

Main disaster: Fukui Earthquake (3,769)

Main disaster: Typhoon Isewan (5,098)

Main disaster: Nanki torrential rains (1,124)

Main disaster: Typhoon Touyamaru (1,761)

Major disaster: Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake (6,437)

Main disaster: Typhoon Kathleen (1,930)

Major disaster: Great East Japan Earthquake (22,118)

Main disaster: Nankai Earthquake (1,443)

Source: 1945 year, the deaths / missing person due to major disasters (according to science chronology). 1946 to 52 year, annual report of Japan Meteorological Agency. 1953 to 1962materials of the National Police Agency, and Since 1960, from material of Cabinet Office based on Fire and Disaster Management Agency

2

62

327

148177

3910111589

190173283

71

333

82

20

03 4 5 6 7 8 9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

Land slides（77）、Volcano（63）

Typhoon（98）、Chuetsu Earthquake（68）

Kumamoto Earthquake(258)

Cabinet Office（Disaster Management）

Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare

Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Sci-

ence and Technology

Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Cabinet Secretariat

Cabinet

Ministry of Agriculture,Forestry and Fisheries

Japan MeteorologicalAgency (JMA)

Geographical Survey Institute

Ministry of Land,Infrastructure, Transport,

and Tourism

Japan CoastGuard

Ministry of the Environment

Ministry of Defense

Fire and Disaster Management Agency

Ministry of Internal Affairs and

Communications

Small and Medium Enterprise Agency

Agency for Natural Resources and Energy

Director-General for Disaster Management

Deputy Director-Generals for Disaster Management

Director for General Affairs

Director for Basic Disaster Management Plan

Director for Research and Planning

Director for Recovery Project Promotion

Director for promotion, educationand international cooperation

On disaster preparedness

Ministry ofJustice

Ministry of Economy,Trade and Industry

Ministry ofFinance

National Public Safety Commission National Police Agency

Director for Training and Capacity Building

Organization Chart of the national government of Japan

Reconstruction Agency

Nuclear Regulation Authority 3

Director for Disaster Response

Operations

Director for Support for

Affected People

4

Preparedness

Early warning

Vulnerability

Info collection

HQ for early warning

Issue evacuation order等

Evacuation center

Guide for evacuation

＜Prevent occurrence of damage＞

Fire management facilities

Anti-earthquake structure

Meteorological forecasting and assessment

＜Reduce damage＞

Disaster management planning

Operation handbook for Emergency HQ

Support agreementStockpile

Hazard map Estimate damage

Citizens awareness, education, training

Capacity building

Training

Workshop

Emergency Headquarters

Arrangement

PR

Secure safety

Communication among organisations

Collecting info

Planning

Support from other organizations

Procurement

Organization reform

Evacuation order may end up for “nothing”, but can never be overlooked for something

Act for the worst case scenario if you have some concerns

Principles for disaster managementPreparedness is indispensable. Without preparation, it does not work.

Resource manageme

nt

Operation

Planning

EarthquakeTsunami

Volcano eruptionTyphoon

Heavy rainHeavy snow

Tornado

etc

Levees, dams for protecting infrastructure

Building regulation

Community network activities

Event

Hazards

Recovery,

Reconstructio

n（Build Back

Better）

Response

Supply goods

HQ for response

Info collection

Request support across regions

RescueMedical support

Fire fighters

Logistic routes

Recovery of utility

Avoid secondary impact

Connect isolated areas

Traffic congestion

Support

affected

peopleManagement of evacuation center

Volunteers

Apply laws to support affecter people

Ex-gratia payment

Validation of “affected”

List of affected people

Temporary houses

Financial support to restart lives

Sanity, quarantine

Validation of damaged houses

Recovery of damaged facilities

Financial support

Disaster debris

Recovery of economy

Basic Principle

Reconstruction planning

Urban planning

HQ for reconstruction

Assess and improve

Law, acts and planning

Process of disaster management policies

２．Organisations for comprehensive DM policies

promotion

○National level：National Council for Disaster

Management, Headquarters for DM, Field HQ for DM

○Prefecture and municipality level: Local DM Council,

DM Headquarters

3. DM Plans－Prepare and implement DM measures strategically

○National level：Basic Plan for Disaster Management

○Designated administrative organizations, designated organizations for public services：DM

activity plan

○Prefecture and municipalities：Local Plans for DM ○Citizens：Community DM Plan

７．Emergency response

○Issue the order of emergency ⇒ the cabinet decides the policy outline for emergency response

○Emergency measures（Limit the supply of necessities, grace period for the payment of debt, emergency governmental order how to accept the support from

foreign countries, automatic execution of a law on large scale disasters

６．Financial support

○Executing entity on implementations of laws has to bear the associating costs ○The national government supports recovery from extreme events financially.

Objectives: To protect people’s lives and assets from disasters, and contribute to the societies’ safety and well-being

４．Promotion of DM measures

○Prevention, Response and recovery phases; The roles and divisions of works by each organizations

○Mayors have the primary responsibility to respond to disasters (e.g. evacuation orders). Prefectures and designate administrative organizations can

represent mayors for response in case of large scale disasters

１．Goals and responsibilities

○Goals of disaster management policies 1 Disaster risk reduction, 2 division of responsibilities, 3 science and technology, 4 information to support people’s

lives, 5 vulnerable people, 6 Build Back Better

○Responsibilities of the national, prefectural, municipalities and designated organisations for public services. －DRR planning and implementation, mutual

cooperation

○Responsibilities of citizens －be prepared for disasters and stock foods and the necessities of life, participate in DRR activates

５．Measures to support refugees

○List the names of those who need special care in case of emergency ○Institutionalize the system of evacuation and logistics when there is a need for

evacuation at a trans-municipality scale

○Clarify the standard of refugee evacuations centers

○Improve the support system of refugees by issuing certificate of being suffered and developing refugee list

Basic Act on Disaster Management (1961-)

6

National Council on Disaster Management

- Established under the Basic Act on Disaster Management

- Chaired by the Prime Minister.

- Consists of Ministers, heads of public institutions and experts from science and technology.

The Roles of the National Council is…

- to formulate and promote major disaster management policies, including deciding

the Basic Plan for Disaster Management

7

Basic Plan for Disaster Management

-Stipulated in the Basic Act on Disaster Management

National Basic Plan for DRR (since 1963, last update in 2017)- Approved by the National Council on Disaster

Management (Chair: Prime Minister)

Prefecture Basic Plan for DRR (47 prefectures)- Approved by the Prefecture Council on

Disaster Management (Chair: Governor)

Municipality Basic Plan for DRR (all municipalities; 1,718)- Approved by the Municipality Council on

Disaster Management (Chair: Mayor)

Community DRR Plan- Draft prepared by citizens- Propose the draft to the municipality to be

include in the Municipality Basic Plan

Objectives: - Improve preparedness - Response efficiently in case of emergency - Facilitate recovery and reconstruction processes

Actions in DRR phases1. Prevention/preparation 2. Response 3. Recovery and reconstruction

Specific actions for each type of disasters• Earthquake• Tsunami• Water related (floods)• Volcano • Snow • Maritime accidents• Railroad accidents• Road accidents• Nuclear accident etc

White Paper on Disaster Management

- 2017 Version is the 55th edition since 1963- Publish and report it to the parliament

every year- Available on the web by PDF version

Topics: Kumamoto Earthquake 2016 and updated policies based on the lessons

Chapter 1: Assessment on current policy progress of disaster management

Chapter 2: Main policies implemented in 2015Chapter 3: Main policies to be implemented in 2017Appendix: Data and

Table of contents: 2017 edition

337 pages