Dự án chăn nuôi bò Tây Ninh

CNG HA X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM c lp T do Hnh phc

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THUYT MINH D N U T

TRANG TRI CHN NUI B THT KT HP TRNG C V M

A IM :

CH U T :

Lm ng - Thng 10 nm 2012

CNG HA X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM c lp T do Hnh phc

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THUYT MINH D N U T

TRANG TRI CHN NUI B THT KT HP TRNG C V M

N V T VN CNG TY CP T VN U T

THO NGUYN XANH

NGUYN VN MAI

TPHCM - Thng 5 nm 2015

MC LC

CHNG I: GII THIU CH U T V D N .............................................. 1 I.1. Gii thiu v ch u t .......................................................................................... 1 I.2. M t s b thng tin d n ..................................................................................... 1 I.3. C s php l ........................................................................................................... 2 CHNG II: BI CNH V CN C CA D N ............................................... 5 II.1. Cn c xc nh s cn thit v tnh cp thit ca d n ....................................... 5 II.1.1. Phn tch mi trng v m ................................................................................. 5 II.1.2. Chnh sch pht trin ........................................................................................... 5 II.2. Cc iu kin v c s ca d n .............................................................................. 6 II.2.1. Tnh hnh chn nui b tnh Lm ng .......... Error! Bookmark not defined. II.2.2. Mi trng thc hin d n .................................................................................. 6 II.3. Kt lun v s cn thit u t ............................................................................... 8 CHNG III: A IM XY DNG .................... Error! Bookmark not defined. III.1. V tr xy dng .................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. III.2. a hnh ............................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. III.3. Kh hu ................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. III.4. H tng khu t xy dng d n ......................... Error! Bookmark not defined. III.4.1. Hin trng s dng t ..................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. III.4.2. Hin trng thng tin lin lc ............................. Error! Bookmark not defined. III.4.3. Cp Thot nc .............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. III.5. Nhn xt chung ................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. CHNG IV: QUY M D N TIN THC HIN ...................................... 9 IV.1. Quy m d n ....................................................................................................... 9 IV.2. Cc hng mc cng trnh ...................................................................................... 9 IV.3. Tin thc hin d n ...................................................................................... 10 IV.3.1. Thi gian thc hin .......................................................................................... 10 IV.3.2. Cng vic c th .............................................................................................. 10 IV.4. Sn phm chnh ................................................................................................... 11 CHNG V: GII PHP THC HIN D N ...................................................... 12 V.1. Chn nui b tht ................................................................................................ 12 V.1.1. Ging b tht ..................................................................................................... 12 V.1.2. Chm sc v nui dng ................................................................................... 13 V.2. Chn nui b sa .................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. V.2.1. Ging b sa ..................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. V.2.2. Chm sc v nui dng ................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. V.2.3. Nui b sa cng ngh cao ............................... Error! Bookmark not defined. V.3. Trng c ............................................................................................................... 17 V.3.1. Ging c ............................................................................................................ 17 V.3.2. Gi tr ca ging c VA06 ................................................................................ 17 V.3.3. c tnh sinh trng ca c VA06 ................................................................... 18 V.3.4. K thut thm canh c VA06 ............................................................................ 19 CHNG VI: GII PHP THIT K MT BNG V H TNG K THUT . 26

VI.1. Tiu chun thit k mt bng .............................................................................. 26 VI.1.1 Tiu chun v khu t xy dng. ...................................................................... 26 VI.1.2. Quy hoch mt bng tng th khu t. ............................................................ 26 VI.1.3 Ni dung cng trnh v tiu chun kin trc ca chung tri .......................... 27 VI.2. Tiu chun thit k h thng k thut. ................................................................ 29 VI.3. Gii php k thut ............................................................................................... 29 CHNG VII: NH GI TC NG MI TRNG ........................................ 31 VII.1. nh gi tc ng mi trng ........................................................................... 31 VII.1.1. Gii thiu chung ............................................................................................. 31 VII.1.2. Cc quy nh v cc hng dn v mi trng .............................................. 31 VII.2. Cc tc ng mi trng ................................................................................... 31 VII.2.1. Cc loi cht thi pht sinh ............................................................................. 31 VII.2.2. Kh thi ........................................................................................................... 32 VII.2.3. Nc thi ........................................................................................................ 33 VII.2.4. Cht thi rn ................................................................................................... 34 VII.3. Bin php gim thiu tc ng mi trng ....................................................... 34 VII.3.1. X l cht thi rn .......................................................................................... 34 VII.3.2. X l nc thi ............................................................................................... 35 VII.3.3. X l kh thi, mi hi ................................................................................... 36 VII.3.4. Gim thiu cc tc ng khc ......................................................................... 36 VII.4. Kt lun ............................................................................................................. 36 CHNG VIII: TNG MC U T D N ....................................................... 37 VIII.1. C s lp tng mc u t ............................................................................... 37 VIII.2. Ni dung tng mc u t ............................................................................... 37 VIII.2.1. Ni dung ........................................................................................................ 37 VIII.2.2. Kt qu tng mc u t ............................................................................... 41 CHNG IX: NGUN VN U T THC HIN D N ................................ 43 IX.1. Ngun vn u t ca d n ............................................................................... 43 IX.1.1. Cu trc ngun vn v phn b vn u t ..................................................... 43 IX.1.2. Tin s dng vn ........................................................................................ 43 IX.1.3. Ngun vn thc hin d n .............................................................................. 44 IX.1.4. Phng n hon tr vn vay v chi ph li vay ................................................ 47 IX.2. Tnh ton chi ph ca d n ................................................................................ 47 IX.2.1. Chi ph nhn cng ............................................................................................ 47

IX.2.2. Chi ph hot ng ............................................................................................. 48 CHNG X: HIU QU KINH T -TI CHNH ................................................... 52 X.1. Cc gi nh kinh t v c s tnh ton ................................................................ 52 X.2. Doanh thu t d n ............................................................................................... 52 X.3. Cc ch tiu kinh t ca d n .............................................................................. 53 X.4. nh gi hiu qu kinh t - x hi ....................................................................... 55 CHNG XI: KT LUN V KIN NGH ............................................................. 57 XI.1. Kt lun ............................................................................................................... 57 XI.2. Kin ngh ............................................................................................................. 57

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n v t vn: Cng ty CP T vn u t Tho Nguyn Xanh

1

D N U T TRANG TRI CHN NUI B THT KT HP

TRNG C V M

CHNG I: GII THIU CH U T V D N

I.1. Gii thiu v ch u t Ch u t : Cng ty TNHH TM Xut nhp khu Nng sn quc t Giy php KKD : 0310154867 Ngy ng k : 07/07/2010 i din php lut : L CNG TUN ANH Chc v : Gim c a ch tr s : 605 Trng Chinh, Phng Tn Sn Nh, Qun Tn Ph,

TP.HCM

Ngnh ngh chnh : - Bn bun vi, hng may sn, giy dp - Bn bun nng lm sn nguyn liu v ng vt sng

I.2. M t s b thng tin d n Tn d n : D n u t Trang tri chn nui b tht kt hp trng c v

m

a im xy dng : Huyn Du Ting, tnh Ty Ninh Din tch xy dng : 1,000,000 m2 (100 ha) Quy m u t : u t ban u 200 con b ging Brahman v 150 con b sa

H Lan HF. Sau 5 nm tng n, trang tri c quy m n nh 539 con b ging Brahman v 398 b sa H Lan HF Mc tiu u t :

- T chc Trang tri chn nui v b tht theo phng chm "nng sut cao - chi ph thp - pht trin bn vng". - Nng cao cht lng tht cho ngi tiu dng, gi thnh sn phm thp. Xy dng thng hiu ca cng ty ln mnh v c tm c trong nc v trong khu vc. - Sn xut sn v cung cp cho th trng trong nc. - Sn xut v cung ng sn phm la m cht lng cao cho th trng ni a, hng ra xut khu. - Xy dng m hnh trng trt v chn nui theo hng chuyn nghip, p dng cng ngh cao, tp trung gim chi ph, tng hiu qu. Mc ch u t:

+ To vic lm v nng cao mc sng cho lao ng a phng (c bit l ng bo dn tc thiu s);

+ Chuyn i c cu sn xut nng nghip, gp phn pht trin kinh t x hi a phng; + ng gp cho thu ngn sch mt khon t li nhun kinh doanh Hnh thc u t : u t xy dng mi Hnh thc qun l : Ch u t trc tip qun l d n thng qua ban Qun l d

n do ch u t thnh lp. Tng mc u t : 64,445,100,000 ng (Su mi t t bn trm bn mi lm

triu mt trm nghn ng) Trong : Ch u t b vn 30% gi tr tng mc u t tng ng vi s tin 19,333,530,000 ng (Mi chn triu ba trm ba mi ba triu nm trm ba mi nghn

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TRNG C V M

ng) v ton b phn li vay trong thi gian xy dng tng ng 1,439,068,000 ng. Ngoi ra cng ty d nh vay 70% trn gi tr tng mc u t, tc tng s tin cn vay l 45,111,570,000 ng (Bn mi lm t mt trm mi mt triu nm trm by mi nghn ng). Ngun vn vay ny d kin vay trong thi gian 84 thng vi li sut u i 9%/nm. Thi gian n hn tr vn gc l 24 thng (thi gian xy dng v nm hot ng u tin ca d n) v thi gian tr n l 60 thng. Thi gian hot ng ca d n l 20 nm, t thng 1 nm 2014 d n s i vo hot

ng Sn phm t d n: b tht Brahman (b ging ci, b tht v b thanh l), phn bn,

c cao sn, la m.

I.3. C s php l

Vn bn php l Lut Xy dng s 16/2003/QH11 ngy 26/11/2003 ca Quc Hi nc CHXHCN

Vit Nam; Lut sa i, b sung mt s iu ca cc Lut lin quan n u t xy dng c bn

ca Quc hi kha XII, k hp th 5 s 38/2009/QH12 ngy 19/6/2009; Lut t ai s 13/2003/QH11 ngy 26/11/2003 ca Quc Hi nc CHXHCN Vit

Nam;

Lut u t s 59/2005/QH11 ngy 29/11/2005 ca Quc Hi nc CHXHCN Vit Nam;

Lut Doanh nghip s 60/2005/QH11 ngy 29/11/2005 ca Quc Hi nc CHXHCN Vit Nam; Lut u thu s 61/2005/QH11 ngy 29/11/2005 ca Quc Hi nc CHXHCN

Vit Nam; Lut Kinh doanh Bt ng sn 63/2006/QH11 ngy 29/6/2006 ca Quc Hi nc

CHXHCN Vit Nam; Lut Thu thu nhp doanh nghip s 14/2008/QH12 ngy 03/6/2008 ca Quc Hi

nc CHXHCN Vit Nam; Lut Bo v mi trng s 52/2005/QH11 ngy 29/11/2005 ca Quc Hi nc

CHXHCN Vit Nam; B lut Dn s s 33/2005/QH11 ngy 14/6/2005 ca Quc Hi nc CHXHCN Vit

Nam;

Lut thu Gi tr gia tng s 13/2008/QH12 ngy 03/6/2008 ca Quc Hi nc CHXHCN Vit Nam; Ngh nh s 12/2009/N-CP ngy 12/02/2009 ca Chnh ph v vic Qun l d n

u t xy dng cng trnh; Ngh nh s 124/2008 N-CP ngy 11 thng 12 nm 2008 ca Chnh Ph v thu

thu nhp doanh nghip; Ngh nh s 123/2008/N-CP ngy 08/12/2008 ca Chnh ph Qui nh chi tit thi

hnh Lut Thu gi tr gia tng; Ngh nh 140/2006/N-CP ca Chnh ph ngy 22 thng 11 nm 2006 quy nh vic

bo v mi trng trong cc khu lp, thm nh, ph duyt v t chc thc hin cc chin lc, quy hoch, k hoch, chng trnh v d n pht trin;

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TRNG C V M

Ngh nh s 80/2006/N-CP ngy 09 thng 8 nm 2006 ca Chnh ph v vic qui nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut bo v mi trng; Ngh nh s 21/2008/N-CP ngy 28/02/2008 ca Chnh ph v sa i b sung mt

s iu ca Ngh nh s 80/2006/N-CP ngy 09/08/2006 ca Chnh ph v vic quy nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut Bo v mi trng; Ngh nh s 99/2007/N-CP ngy 13/06/2009 ca Chnh ph v qun l chi ph u

t xy dng cng trnh; Ngh nh s 35/2003/N-CP ngy 4/4/2003 ca Chnh ph quy nh chi tit mt s

iu lut phng chy v cha chy; Ngh nh s 209/2004/N-CP ngy 16/12/2004 ca Chnh ph v vic Qun l cht

lng cng trnh xy dng v Ngh nh s 49/2008/N-CP ngy 18/04/2008 ca Chnh ph v vic sa i b sung mt s iu ca Ngh nh 2009/2004/N-CP; Thng t s 12/2008/TT-BXD ngy 07/05/2008 ca B xy dng hng dn vic lp

v qun l chi ph kho st xy dng; Thng t s 05/2009/TT-BXD ngy 15/04/2009 ca B Xy dng hng dn iu

chnh d ton xy dng cng trnh; Thng t s 05/2008/TT-BTNMT ngy 08/12/2008 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng

hng dn v nh gi mi trng chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng v cam kt bo v mi trng; Thng t s 33/2007/TT-BTC ngy 09/4/2007 ca B Ti chnh hng dn quyt

ton d n hon thnh thuc ngun vn nh nc; Thng t s 72/2011/TT-BNNPTNT ngy 25/10/2011 ca B Nng nghip v Pht

trin nng thn ban hnh Quy chun k thut quc gia v kho nghim, kim nh ging vt nui; Cng vn s 1777/BXD-VP ngy 16/08/2007 ca B Xy dng v vic cng b nh

mc d ton xy dng cng trnh - Phn lp t h thng in trong cng trnh, ng v ph tng ng, bo n ng ng, ph tng v thit b khai thc nc ngm; Cng vn s 1779/BXD-VP ngy 16/08/2007 ca B Xy dng v vic cng b nh

mc d ton xy dng cng trnh - Phn Kho st xy dng; Thng t s 08/2006/TT-BTNMT ngy 08/9/2006 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng

hng dn v nh gi mi trng chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng v cam kt bo v mi trng; Quyt nh s 10/2008/Q-TTg ngy 16/1/2008 ca Th tng Chnh ph v vic

ph duyt Chin lc pht trin chn nui n nm 2020; Quyt nh s 44/2012/Q-UBND ngy 15 thng 10 nm 2012 ca y ban Nhn dn

tnh Ty Ninh v/v ban hnh quy hoch pht trin nng nghip tnh Ty Ninh n nm 2020;

nh mc chi ph qun l d n v t vn u t xy dng km theo Quyt nh s 957/Q-BXD ngy 29/9/2009 ca B Xy dng;

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TRNG C V M

Cc tiu chun Vit Nam D n u t Trang tri chn nui b tht kt hp trng c v la m c thc hin trn nhng tiu chun, quy chun chnh nh sau: Quy chun xy dng Vit Nam (tp 1, 2, 3 xut bn 1997-BXD); Quyt nh s 04 /2008/Q-BXD ngy 03/4/2008. Ban hnh Quy chun k thut

Quc gia v Quy hoch xy dng (QCVN: 01/2008/BXD); Thng t s 71/2011/TT-BNNPTNT ngy 25/10/2011 ban hnh Quy chun k thut

quc gia lnh vc Th y; Thng t s 43/2011/TT-BNNPTNT, ngy 07 thng 6 nm 2011, v vic Ban hnh

Quy chun k thut quc gia v kho nghim, kim nh ging vt nui; QCVN 01 - 13: 2009/BNNPTNT : Quy chun k thut quc gia: Thc n chn nui -

hm lng khng sinh, ha dc, vi sinh vt v kim loi nng ti a cho php trong thc n cho b v b tht; Tiu chun ngnh 10 TCN 548-2002: Thit b ti dng trong nng nghip u

ti - c im k thut v phng php th; Tiu chun ngnh 10 TCN 547-2002: Thit b ti dng trong nng nghip Vi

phun Yu cu chung v phng php th; Tiu chun ngnh 10 TCN 546-2002: Thit b ti dng trong nng nghip H

thng ng ti - c im k thut v phng php th; TCVN 2737-1995 : Ti trng v tc ng- Tiu chun thit k; TCXD 45-1978 : Tiu chun thit k nn nh v cng trnh; TCVN 5760-1993 : H thng cha chy - Yu cu chung thit k lp t v s

dng; TCVN 5738-2001 : H thng bo chy t ng - Yu cu k thut; TCVN-62:1995 : H thng PCCC cht chy bt, kh; TCVN 6160 1996 : Yu cu chung v thit k, lp t, s dng h thng cha

chy;

TCVN 4760-1993 : H thng PCCC - Yu cu chung v thit k; TCVN 5576-1991 : H thng cp thot nc - quy phm qun l k thut; TCXD 51-1984 : Thot nc - mng li bn trong v ngoi cng trnh - Tiu

chun thit k; TCVN 5687-1992 : Tiu chun thit k thng gi - iu tit khng kh - si m; 11TCN 19-84 : ng dy in;

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TRNG C V M

CHNG II: BI CNH V CN C CA D N

II.1. Cn c xc nh s cn thit v tnh cp thit ca d n II.1.1. Phn tch mi trng v m

Trong bi cnh phi i mt vi nhng kh khn, thch thc trong nc v trn th gii nh cuc khng hong ti chnh v suy thoi kinh t ton cu, thin tai, dch bnh din bin bt thng, an ninh chnh tr cn tim n nhng yu t phc tpsong, tnh Ty Ninh tranh th thi c, vt qua kh khn, thch thc t c nhng kt qu kh quan:

Trong nm 2014, tng sn phm trong tnh GDP (theo mc gi nm 2010) thc hin c 42.202,3 t ng, tng 11% so vi cng k nm trc, vt mc ch tiu k hoch ra t u nm l 10,8%). ng gp vo tc tng 11% bao gm: cng nghip - xy dng 5,5%; dch v 3,8%; nng - lm - thy sn 1,7%.

T trng cc ngnh nng - lm - thy sn; cng nghip - xy dng; dch v trong GDP theo gi c nh (gi 2010) ln lt l 31,9% - 33,7% - 34,4% (mc k hoch l 32% - 33,5% - 34,5%), cn theo gi hin hnh l 28,3% - 34,7% - 37,0% (mc k hoch 2014: 31% - 34% - 35%).

Trong , tnh hnh chn nui gia sc, gia cm n nh, gi tr ngnh chn nui t 3.739 t ng, chim 13,5% trong c cu ngnh nng nghip. Nhiu chnh sch khuyn khch pht trin chn nui c ban hnh h tr ngi chn nui c iu kin m rng quy m, ci tin chung tri ngy cng hin i hn. Mng li th y trn a bn tnh cng c trin khai ti cc vng su, vng xa, to iu kin cho cng tc phng chng dch Ty Ninh c tng cng v thc hin hiu qu, to c s yn tm cho ngi chn nui. T c nhiu trang tri chn nui quy m ln pht trin, nn s lng gia sc, gia cm trn a bn tnh Ty Ninh trong thi gian qua lin tc gia tng.

II.1.2. Chnh sch pht trin ngnh chn nui Tnh Ty Ninh c nh gi l mt trong nhng tnh c nhiu li th pht trin chn nui, do iu kin kh hu ph hp vi nhiu loi cy trng lm thc n gia sc. Ngoi ra, Ty Ninh cn c ngun nc mt rt di do cung cp cho lnh vc chn nui quy m ln, trong c h Du Ting, h thng sng Vm C ng v sng Si Gn. Chnh v th m so vi tc tng trng chung ca ngnh nng nghip ca Ty Ninh trong nhng nm gn y, lnh vc chn nui lun c tc tng trng cao. Ty Ninh a ra cc chng trnh pht trin chn nui, trong ch trng pht trin n b lai, n b sa, n ln hng nc.v.v.Nhiu chnh sch khuyn khch pht trin chn nui c ban hnh h tr ngi chn nui c iu kin m rng quy m, ci tin chung tri ngy cng hin i hn. Mng li th y trn a bn tnh cng c trin khai ti cc vng su, vng xa, to iu kin cho cng tc phng chng dch Ty Ninh c tng cng v thc hin hiu qu, to c s yn tm cho ngi chn nui. T c nhiu trang tri chn nui quy m ln pht trin, nn s lng gia sc, gia cm trn a bn tnh Ty Ninh trong thi gian qua lin tc gia tng

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TRNG C V M

II.2. Cc iu kin v c s ca d n II.2.1. Mi trng thc hin d n V tr a l:

Ty Ninh l mt tnh ng Nam B, Vit Nam. Ty Ninh nm v tr cu ni gia Thnh ph H Ch Minh v th Phnm Pnh vng quc Campuchia v l mt trong nhng tnh nm trong Vng kinh t trng im pha Nam. Pha ng ca tnh Ty Ninh tip gip vi tnh Bnh Dng v Bnh Phc, pha Nam v ng Nam gip vi thnh ph H Ch Minh v tnh Long An, pha Bc v Ty Bc gip 2 tnh Svay Ring v Tbong Khmum (Kampong Cham trc nm 2013) thuc Campuchia.

Hnh: V tr ca tnh Lm ng

a hnh a mo Ty Ninh ni cao nguyn Nam Trung B vi ng bng sng Cu Long, va mang

c im ca mt cao nguyn, va c dng dp, sc thi ca vng ng bng. Tnh nm trong vng chuyn tip ia hinh gia ng bng bc thm cao ng Nam b va ng bn g thp trung BSCL , v a hnh cao hn na l vung bn bnh nguyn t o bazan . V a hnh thay i pham vi nho do qu trnh san bng tch tu b mt tao trung cuc b trn b mt thm phu sa c . ia hnh dc t phia Bc xung ph a Nam v ng Nam hng v sng Vam Co ng Trn a bn vng cao pha Bc ni ln ni B en cao nht Nam B (986 m). Nhn chung, a hnh Ty Ninh thuc dng a hnh ng bng cao, tng i bng phng v khng b ngp nc nn rt thun li cho pht trin ton din nng nghip, cng nghip v xy dng.

Th nhng

Ty Ninh c 5 nhm t chnh vi 15 loi t khc nhau

+ Nhm t xm (Gm 6 loi) c din tch 339.833 ha chim khong 84,37% din

tch t nhin v phn b trn ton tnh. Loi ny c thnh phn c gii nh, d thot nc,

ph hp vi nhiu loi cy trng.

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TRNG C V M

+ Nhm t phn (Gm 3 loi) vi tng din tch 25.359 ha, chim 6,3% din tch

t nhin, ch yu phn b Chu Thnh, G Du, Trng Bng.

+ Nhm t vng (3 loi) chim t trng khng ln, khong 1,6% din tch t

nhin, phn b ch yu huyn Tn Bin, Tn chu. Loi t ny c th c s dng

pht trin lm nghip.

+ Nhm t ph sa (2 loi) chim 0,44% din tch t nhin, hnh thnh do bi tch

ca cc con sng nn thch hp trng cc loi la nc v rau mu.

+ Nhm t than bn chn vi c din tch rt nh, ch chim 0,27% din tch t

nhin ca tnh. Ch yu phn b ti huyn Bn Cu, Chu Thnhy l loi t rt chua,

c tng mt v tng than bn, pH 2 - 3. Hm lng cht hu c rt cao,

nhng phn gii km.

Kh hu:

Kh hu Ty Ninh tng i n ho, chia lm 2 ma r rt: ma ma v ma kh. Lng ma trung bnh hng nm t 1800 2200 mm, m trung bnh trong nm vo khong 70 - 80%. Ty Ninh chu nh hng ca 2 loi gi ch yu l gi Ty Ty Nam vo ma ma v gi Bc ng Bc vo ma kh. Tc gi 1,7m/s v thi iu ho trong nm. Nhit trung bnh nm ca Ty Ninh l 27,40C, lng nh sng quanh nm di do, mi ngy trung bnh c n 6 gi nng. Mt khc Ty Ninh t chu nh hng ca bo l v nhng yu t bt li khc. Kh hu Ty Ninh rt thun li cho pht trin nng nghip a dng, c bit l cc loi cy cng nghip, n qu, dc liu v chn nui gia sc gia cm trn qui m ln.

Thy vn

a. Ngun nc mt

Ngun nc mt ca Ty Ninh ch yu da vo ch hot ng ca 2 sng ln l sng Si Gn v sng Vm C ng.

+ Sng Si Gn: bt ngun t vng i Lc Ninh (Bnh Phc). on lm ranh gii t nhin gia Ty Ninh v 2 tnh Bnh Phc, Bnh Dng di 135 km. Phn chy ni tnh Ty Ninh di 18km. Lu lng nc trung bnh 85 m3/giy. dc lng sng nh (0,7%) nn kh nng gy l chm. Trn sng Si Gn v pha thng lu, c cng trnh thu li ln nht nc - h Du Ting, vi din tch mt nc 27.000 ha, dung tch 1,5 t m3 cng h thng knh thy li c tc ng trc tip v gin tip n ngun nc mt v nc ngm ca Ty ninh cng nh mi trng sinh thi tiu vng.

+ Sng Vm C ng: bt ngun t Campuchia c 151km chy trong a phn Ty Ninh, lu lng 96 m3/giy, dc lng sng nh (0,21%) nn kh nng gy l chm.

Vi ngun nc mt di do, cht lng tt, Ty Ninh c li th trong pht trin nng nghip trong c thy sn. Ngoi ra, ngun nc mt cn cung cp cho nhu cu sinh hot v sn xut cng nghip ca tnh Ty Ninh.

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TRNG C V M

b. Ngun nc ngm ca Ty Ninh kh ln, phn b rng khp trn a bn tnh. Tng lu lng nc ngm c th khai thc c 50 100 ngn m3/gi. Vo ma kh, vn c th khai thc nc.

Tm li, a hnh bng phng, kh hu n ha v ngun nc di do l nhng thun li ln trong cng tc trng c cng nh chn nui b theo quy m ln ti tnh Ty Ninh.

II.3. Kt lun v s cn thit u t Tnh Ty Ninh c nhiu u th pht trin n b. Song c th ni, ti nay s lng

n b bao gm b tht v b sa ca tnh vn cha pht trin xng vi tim nng t nhin cng nh th mnh chn nui. Bn cnh , vic chn nui b cn c vn u t ban u kh cao, c v tr a l thun li v kh hu, t ai, ngun nc Ngoi ra cn phi c kinh nghim v tay ngh k thut ca chuyn gia th y th lc mi pht trin bn vng c. Sau khi nghin cu v nm vng cc yu t kinh t v k thut trong lnh vc ny, cng ty TNHH Xut nhp khu Nng sn Quc t chng ti quyt nh u t xy dng d n Trang tri chn nui b tht kt hp trng c v m ti khu vc gn h Du Ting, mt ni c kh hu n ha, ngun nc di do v t ai mu m trn vng t Ty Ninh. Vng t ny ha hn s l trang tri ln nht, hin i nht tnh bng vic p dng nhng k thut tin tin nht hin nay. T chng ti tin tng rng khng bao lu na nhn dn trong tnh cng nh Vit Nam s c hng li t d n vi cc sn phm t tht, c v m c cht lng tt nht v gi c cnh tranh. Vi nim tin sn phm do chng ti to ra s c ngi tiu dng trong nc a chung, vi nim t ho s gp phn tng gia tri tng san phm nng nghip, tng thu nhp v nng cao i sng cua nhn dn v t o vic lm cho lao ng ti a phng, chng ti tin rng d n u t Trang tri chn nui b tht kt hp trng c v m l s u t cn thit trong giai on hin nay.

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TRNG C V M

CHNG IV: QUY M D N TIN THC HIN

IV.1. Quy m d n u t ban u 600 con b ging Brahman. Sau 5 nm tng n, trang tri c quy m n nh 539 con b ging

IV.2. Cc hng mc cng trnh

Hng mc S lng n

v

H thng chung tri c bn

+ Chung b ging 12,000 m2

+ Chung b tht 15,000 m2

+ Chung nui b con 5,460 m2

Khu vc trng c 68.5 ha

Khu vc trng m 20 ha

H thng cung cp thc n

+ Khu vc sy 1,600 m2

+ Kho cha m sy 3,000 m2

+ Kho cha thc n 4,000 m2

+ Li i cp pht thc n 6,400 m2

H thng cp nc

+ Mng n 800 m2

+ Ging khoan 30 ci

+ B cha nc 300 m2

+ ng ng cp nc 12,000 m2

+ Mng ung t ng 6,000 m2

H thng chm sc v qun l b

+ Sn vn ng th b 15,000 m2

+ ng i ni b 1,000 m2

H thng x l nc thi

+ Rnh thot nc 5,000 m2

+ H thng ao lng, ao lu 6,000 m2

+ Khu vc s dng nc thi 6,000 m2

H thng x l phn

+ Nh cha phn 2,000 m2

+ Khu vc phn 2,000 m2

+ Sn phi phn 4,000 m2

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TRNG C V M

+ Hm biogas 2,000 m2

Khu vc qun l kinh doanh

+ Nh vn phng 600 m2

+ Nh cng nhn 300 m2

+ Nh chuyn gia 100 m2

+ Nh n + bp 100 m2

+ Nh nghin cu 100 m2

+ Sn bng chuyn 200 m2

+ Nh t my pht in+ dng c 200 m2

+ Thp nc sinh hot 1 ci

+ Vn hoa, cy xanh 3,000 m2

+ Khu vc xe 200 m2

H thng cng+ tng ro 10,000 m

H thng ng in

IV.3. Tin thc hin d n IV.3.1. Thi gian thc hin

D n Trang tri chn nui b sa v b tht c d kin xy dng trong vng 1 nm th hon thnh.

Thi gian hot ng ca d n l 20 nm, t thng 6 nm 2016 d n s i vo hot ng

IV.3.2. Cng vic c th - iu tra th trng. - Kho st m hnh cc trang tri in hnh. - Nghin cu, kim tra ngun nc. - Tm hiu ngun ging. - nh gi cht lng t. - iu tra v iu kin t nhin. - Lp bo co nghin cu kh thi v bo co u t - Trnh h s xin chp thun u t - Kho st mt bng lp phng n quy hoch. - Kho st h tng k thut (in, nc). - xut cc chnh sch u i cho d n. - Nhn quyt nh ph duyt ca Tnh - Nhn bn giao mt bng - Bn giao mc gii - nh gi tc ng mi trng - nh gi kh nng cch ly khu chn nui m bo b khng nm trong vng dch

bnh. - Quy hoch xy dng - San lp mt bng

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TRNG C V M

- Ci to t. - Khi cng xy dng. + Xy dng khu vc trng c: La chn ging c, trng c + Xy dng chung trai : u gi thit b, cng ngh; ao tao Can b quan ly , k

thut, cng nhn; Nhp, lp t thit b; La chn phi b ging, b ci; V sinh chung tri;

- Cp nht, ci tin chung tri, ng c theo m hnh cng ngh cao ... - Nng s lng chn nui b; din tch trng c v cng sut ch bin sa ti.

IV.4. Sn phm chnh Sn phm t d n: b tht Brahman (b ging ci, b tht v b thanh l), phn

chung, m sy, c cao sn.

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TRNG C V M

CHNG V: GII PHP THC HIN D N

V.1. Chn nui b tht V.1.1. Ging b tht Trang tri chn nui b do Cng ty TNHH Bt ng sn Di c u t la chn ging b Brahman - Ngun gc : Brahman c ngun gc t b Bos Indicus (n ) - c im: + Mu sc: trng, xm nht, , en hoc trng m en, c trng thnh mu lng sm hn con ci. Lng c, vai, i, hng sm mu hn cc vng khc. c, ngi dn nui b Brahman mu trng l ch yu sn xut tht, cn cc nc Chu li chung nui Brahman mu . + L ging ln con, ngoi hnh p, thn di, lng thng, tai to, u, ym pht trin.

+ Trng lng b so sinh: 20 30 kg. + Trng lng 6 thng tui: 120 - 150 kg. - B c trng thnh: 700 - 1000 kg. - B ci trng thnh: 450 - 600 kg. - Tc tng trng nhanh: 650 800 gram/ngy. - Giai on v bo b tng trng: 1,200 1,500 gram/ngy. - Khong cch gia 2 ln : 12 - 14 thng. - ng c ln u: 15 -18 thng tui. - Tnh mn , d , lnh tnh, nui con gii. - Khng ve, k sinh trng ng mu, khng mc cc bnh v mt, mng. - B Brahman c th lc tt, thch nghi cao vi iu kin nhit i, kh hn. Kh nng sinh sn, sn xut vn duy tr nhit cao, thi tit khc nghit cng nh vng ng c kh hn khi m cc ging b khc b gim nng sut. Vic u t chm sc mc ti thiu.

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TRNG C V M

V.1.2. Chm sc v nui dng Nui b ci sinh sn c b nui tht

Trong k thut nui b tht, nui b ci sinh sn v nui b ly tht c mi quan h mt thit v h tr ln nhau, v mun c n b nui tht phi c n b ci sinh sn c t l cao, nui con tt, c nhiu b a vo nui tht th hiu sut sn xut tht ca mt b ci sinh sn mi cao, v vy trong t chc nui b tht cng phi ch n c cu n. Nu trong trang tri va nui b m va nui b tht th c cu n t nht phi c trn 40% b ci sinh sn v 10 - 12% b ci hu b. Nu b sinh ra nui n 6 thng hoc 7 - 8 thng tui, bn ging hoc chuyn qua ni khc nui tht, th trong c cu n phi c 55 - 60% b ci sinh sn v 12 - 15% b ci hu b. Tt c nhng b gi, m yu t nn loi khi n. c ging c vai tr quyt nh trong pht trin tng u con, nu cn c nui dng tt (ngoi c ti, mi ngy mi c ging n 4 - 6kg thc n tinh hoc cm) v s dng hp l. c ging trng thnh mt ngy cho phi ging 2 - 3 ln vi thi gian ngh 1 - 2 ngy. c ging to cho phi 1 - 2 ln trong ngy vi khong cch 2 ngy. Sau mi ln phi ging phi cho b n bi dng thm thc n tinh. Mi c ging dng phi ging khng qu 40 - 50 con b ci sinh sn trong mt ma phi ging. Nui b sinh sn cho sa hay nui b sinh sn ly tht, mun c nng sut sa v tht cao, b m phi c phi ging c cha sau khi 2 - 3 thng. Nui b m trong thi k c cha: Sinh trng ca b sau cai sa ph thuc rt nhiu vo vic nui dng, chm sc b m lc c cha. Tiu chun v khu phn n cho b ci c xy dng da trn c s nhu cu dinh dng cho duy tr, nui thai, tit sa v kh nng cung cp thc n hin c ca tng vng.

Nhu cu dinh dng ca b ci sinh sn

Khi lng b (kg)

Tng trng (g/ngy)

VCK n vo (kg)

Quy ra c ti (kg)

200

000 4.0 20

250 4.9 24.5

500 5.6 28

250

000 4.8 24

250 5.8 29

500 6.2 31

300

000 5.5 27.5

250 6.7 33.5

500 7.1 35.5

Nhu cu dinh dng b ci c cha

200 600 5.2 26

250 600 6.5 32.5

300 600 7.4 37

Nhu cu dinh dng b ci nui con

200 - 5.1 25.5

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TRNG C V M

250 - 6.4 32

300 - 7.3 36.5

Khu phn nui dng b ci 200 - 220kg nh sau : - Chn th hng ngy: 7 - 8 gi. - C xanh: 10kg. - Bt sn hoc cm: 1kg. - Kh du lc: 0.2kg. - Premix khong - vitamin 20g.

Khi b c cha hoc nui con nn cho n thay th kh du bng bt c nhm tng lng protein trong khu phn b ci nui thai v to sa cho con b.

Nui dng b con giai on b sa Nui dng b con l mt trong nhng cng vic d lm tt v b con b m trc

tip. Khi b con b m trc tip th vic nui b tr nn n gin hn nhiu, chnh v n gin nn n cng l mt cng vic t c quan tm. Nhiu b con b cht trong tun u mi sinh c nguyn nhn khng c chm sc tt.

Sau khi sanh b phi c b sa u t m n, v sa u cung cp cht dinh dng c bit cao cho b con, sa u cn cung cp khng th gip b chng li bnh v v trong sa u c nhng cht gip b tng cht thi ng tiu ha ra ngoi. Nu v mt l do no b m sau khi sanh khng sa u cho con b th vic cho b b sa u t con b m khc (nu c) l vic cn thit.

Trong khong 10 ngy u b cn yu, nn nht b m cng vi b con ti chung hoc ct di bng cy rm mt sch s, khng th b m dn theo b ra ng. B con c b m t do, thng th b c th b 3-4 ln/ngy. Sau 2 tun tui b bt u tp n rm c, c th dng c non phi ho dnh cho b tp n. Phi lun c mng ung trong c nc sch cho b ung, nht l vo nhng ngy nng nng. Nhu cu nc ca b sau 1 thng tui c th t 5-10 lt mi ngy. Mc d trong sa c kh y cc cht dinh dng nhng so vi yu cu ca b con th sa vn thiu mt s khong cht v vitamin, nht l st v vitamin D.

V vy nn b sung thm khong di dng lim v cho b vn ng di nh nng mt tri bui sng. Tp cho b con n c non v thc n hn hp t tun th 4. iu ny c 2 im li, th nht l d c pht trin tt gip b n c nhiu thc n th sau ny, th 2 l b m hao mn c th v nhanh ln ging tr li. n thng tui th 4 gim s ln b m ch cho b mt ln/ngy v sau 5 thng tui th cai sa hn. Trc v sau khi cai sa phi chc chn rng b c n khong 1-1.2kg thc n tinh mi ngy. Khng trn ln thc n tinh vi nc, lm nh vy thc n s b chua d gy ra bnh ng tiu ha. Khu phn nui dng b tht giai on b sa xem bng 7.4- 7.6.

Sc khe ca b l iu cn phi ht sc quan tm. Khi nui dng khng ng, b thiu cht dinh dng s c biu hin: lng th nhm khng bng mt, thay i mu sc v sng ca lng, rng lng, cc khp xng phnh to hn bnh thng. Chung tri sch s, khng kh trong lnh v nc sch lc no cng l yu cu thit yu b c sc khe tt. Cho n tht thng, cht lng thc n km, thiu nc ung b c th biu hin a nm, tiu chy hoc nn ma.

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TRNG C V M

c mt con b ln nhanh, khe mnh cn nui dng tt ngay khi b m c thai v v sinh tt khi b m sanh b. B sanh ra phi c b sa u sm v y thc n th cht lng tt, thc n tinh, khong v vitamin. Chung tri lun kh ro v sch s. B lai gia b Vng ta vi b c Sind nu nui dng tt th sau 5 thng tui t trn di 90kg.

C th tham kho cng thc phi hp sau: + 40% Bp vng + 25% Tm go + 25% Kh du nnh hoc ht nnh rang + 7% R mt + 1.8 % Bt xng + 1.2% Hn hp mui n, khong vi lng v vitamin A v D

B c cho n t do t tun tui th 2. Khi no b n c 0.5 kg/ngy th gim dn sa. Khi b n c 1.0-1.5 kg cm mi ngy th dng hn sa. Khi b c 3 thng tui th thc n tinh cho b khng cn cho thm khng sinh. Sau 6 thng tui th thc n tinh c th cho thm ure, hoc cho n thc n tinh ca b ln.

Nui b sau giai on cai sa n 12 thng tui i vi nhng trang tri chn nui vi s lng ln th b con sau khi tch m phi nui thnh tng nhm c cng la tui, hoc chnh lch nhau ti a 2 thng tui. Chung nui b phi c tiu kh hu tt, thng thong v nn chung khng ly li vo ma ma, qu li lm vo ma kh. Chung b phi cch ri chung b ln gim thiu s nhim k sinh trng, gim s ly lan bnh v cho php ta kim sot c vic chm sc nui dng. C khu t c ro quy li cho b vn ng. Cn ch rng, sau cai sa (5 thng) d c ca b cha pht trin hon thin v vy chng khng th sinh trng v pht trin tt vi ngun thc n duy nht l c v rm. Sau 6 thng tui, khi m chc nng d c hon thin th b cng khng th t kim sng bng lng c chng n c ngoi bi chn. Chnh v vy t sau cai sa n khong 12 thng tui, ngoi thi gian chn th ngoi ng, b phi c b sung thm c xanh non cht lng cao ti chung (n t do) v ti thiu 1kg thc n tinh mi ngy.

Sau 12 thng tui ty theo ngoi hnh vc dng ca b m gim hoc ngng hn vic b sung thc n tinh. Tng dn lng thc n th cht lng thp nh rmr. C th tham kho tiu chun, khu phn n cho b lai bng 7.7- 7.8 lm cnc nui dng. Nui dng tt th b lai Sind t khi lng 180-190kg v b lai 75% mu b chuyn tht c th t khi lng 260-270kg vo lc 12 thng tui. B cit khilng phi ging lc 17-18 thng tui. Trong giai on 10-12 thng tui nhiu b thnh thc v tnh v vy phi thin b c hoc nui tch ring b c khi n ci.

Nui b ci hu b t 13 thng tui n trc khi la u B ci c th d dng t tng trng trung bnh 350g/ngy giai on sau 12 thng

tui. B ci lai hng chuyn tht c th t 450 g/ngy. Giai on ny nhiu b ci ln ging ln u, tuy vy ta khng phi ging ln u sm khi tui b v khi lng cha t. Ch phi ging ln u tin cho b ci khi b c 17-18 thng tui v t khi lng bng 70% khi lng lc trng thnh. Th d b ci lai trng thnh 270kg th s phi

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TRNG C V M

ging cho b t ln u khi t khi lng 180-190kg. Trng hp b ci t khi lng phi ging trc khi tui cn non (12-13 thng) ta vn cha phi cho b m i n 15-16 thng mi phi. Phi tr th b m sau ny ln con v nui b nhanh ln hn.

Nhng n khng s dng phi ging nhn to, s phi ging ca b c cn c kim sot bng cch tch ring b c khi n b ci, b ci c em n ch b c phi. Ch gieo tinh cc ging b sa, b tht cao sn cho b ci lai Sind t la th 2 v trn nhng b ci c khi lng t 250kg tr ln. Khi b ci mang thai la u, c th vn tip tc ln, v vy phi chm sc nui dng b ci tht tt sau ny tr thnh b m ln con v b con sinh ra cng nng cn, nhanh ln.

Khu phn n ca b ci mang thai la u ging nh khu phn n ca b ci 18 thng tui tng trng 300-350g/ngy.

Nui b c ging Chn b c lm ging phi chn t lc s sinh. Ch chn nhng b c l lch r

rng, chc chn chng c sinh ra t nhng con m v con b tt nht. Khi lng s sinh v khi lng khi cai sa phi vt tri so vi nhng con khc trong n. T s sinh n 12 thng tui b phi c nui vi ch c bit t mc tng trng ti a. Sau 12 thng tch ring khi n ci v nui theo ch c ging.

Khu phn m bo duy tr th trng khng mp qu nhng khng gy m. V ngoi hnh chn nhng con nhn b ngoi c nt c trng ca ging c, khng nhm ln vi con ci, c tnh hng nhng khng hung d, hai hn c to v cn i, bp tht ni r, chn v mng thng, khe, bc i chc chn, hng dng.

Khu phn chia lm 2 ln cho n vo bui sng v bui chiu. Sau mi ln phiging cn bi dng cho b c n c ti, thc n tinh, bnh dinh dng, lim. B c nui nht cn cho vn ng mi ngy hoc th t do trong sn chi b tm nng v t vn ng.

V bo b v b Nhng b ci v b c khng gi lm ging, mun bn tht th cn p dng k

thut v bo. C 2 phng php v bo c p dng. Phng php v bo ngn v phng php v bo di. V bo ngn p dng cho b t khong 18 thng tui hoc b sinh sn gi loi thi. Thi gian v bo ko di khong 80-90 ngy, khu phn c t l thc n tinh cao, nui nht. V bo di ngy p dng cho b t khong 12 thng tui. Thi gian v bo ko di c 6 thng, chn th v b sung thc n ti chung. Khu phn c t l thc n tinh thp hn so vi phng php v bo ngn ngy nui nht.

Mc ch v bo l rt ngn thi gian nui, t tng trng cao nht trong thi gian ngn nht nhm nng cao s lng v cht lng tht. Sau y gii thiu khu phn v bo b vi khi lng v yu cu tng trng khc nhau. Trc khi v bo cn c ty giun sn bng cc loi thuc nh Fasiolanida hoc Fasinex (liu lng theo hng dn ghi trn bao b sn phm). Nhng ngy u v bo khng cho n khu phn v bo ngay, tun u tng dn thc n tinh ln ti a 1,5kg trnh ri lon tiu ha. Tun th 2 tng thc n tinh ti a 3kg, tun th 3 tng ti a ln 6-7kg. Ty mc tiu tng trng m khi lng thc n tinh ca khu phn khc nhau, v vy thi gian lm quen khu phn v bo c th ko di t 2-3 tun.

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TRNG C V M

Thc n tinh v bo b gy, b c khng cn hm lng protein cao nh thc n cho b t. T phi hp t cm go, khoai m lt thm ure v r mt s gim chi ph thc n v tng thm li nhun (xem cng thc phi trn phn trn).

Nhng ni c sn r mt ng, gi r th s dng r mt ng chim t 20-30% trong thc n tinh v bo b. Cng thc thc n tinh nh sau: 50% sn lt, 20% r mt, cm go 27%, urea 1.5%, mui n 0.5%, bt xng 1%.

V.2. Trng c V.2.1. Ging c

C VAO6 l ging c c lai to gia c voi v c ui si ca Chu M, c

nh gi l vua cc loi c.

V.2.2. Gi tr ca ging c VA06 1. VA06 lm thc n chn nui. VA06 dng nh cy trc, thn tho, cao ln, h ho tho, dng bi, mc thng, nng

sut cao, cht lng tt, phin l rng, mm, c hm lng dinh dng rt cao, nhiu nc, khu v ngon, h s tiu ho cao, l thc n tt nht cho cc loi gia sc n c, gia cm, v c trm c. Trong c c 17 loi axit amin v nhiu loi vitamin. Trong c ti, hm lng protein th 4.6%, protein tinh 3%, ng 3.02%; Trong c kh, hm lng protein th 18.46%, protein tinh 16.86%, ng tng s 8.3%. C VA06 va c th lm thc n ti, lm thc n chua, thc n hong kh hoc lm bt c kh dng nui b tht, b sa, d, cu, th, g ty, c trm c, m khng cn hoc v c bn khng cn cho thm thc n tinh vn m bo vt nui pht trin bnh thng. Hiu qu v chn nui hn hn cc loi c khc, chng hn, c 14 kg c ti th sn xut c 1 kg trm c, 18 kg c ti th sn xut c 1 kg tht ngng. Khng nhng vy, ging c ny c hm lng ng cao, giu dinh dng c cc loi vt nui nh b, d, cu, ln, ln rng, g ty, c trm c rt thch n, vt nui chng ln, kho mnh.

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TRNG C V M

2. VA06 c th dng lm nguyn liu giy v g vn nhn to. Theo phn tch ca cc c quan chuyn mn th di xenlul 4.4mm, rng 30 m,

hm lng xenlul 25.28%, l nguyn liu sn xut giy cht lng cao, thi gian nu, ty trng, h s thu hi bt giy u cao hn cc loi nguyn liu khc nh cy tc sinh dng, ci v cc cy ho tho khc. Loi c ny cng c th sn xut vn nhn to cht lng tt, vi gi r.

3. Ging c VA06 chu rt, chu hn, c b r pht trin cc mnh, di ti 3-4m, r di nht ti 5m, mc tp trung. ng knh thn 2-3cm, ln nht 4cm, chng gi tt, l cy chng xi mn c hiu qu, cng l mt loi cy l tng trng trn t c dc cao, k c t c dc trn 250; trng lm hng ro xung quanh vn qu; trng ven , ven h chng xt l, trng vng t ct gi ct v l cy ph xanh t trng i trc.

4. VA06 l loi thc vt C4 c tc dng quang hp rt mnh, c tc dng tt n vic hp th cc kh c trong khng kh. C th trng trn din tch ln ven ng, xung quanh vng khai thc khong sn, trong cng vin ln bo v mi trng.

5. VA06 cn c th n v nui nm n v nm dc liu. Ngoi ra, loi c nycn c th dng sn xut nhiu mt hng tiu dng khc.

V.2.3. c tnh sinh trng ca c VA06 1. Tnh thch ng rng, sc chng chu rt mnh VA06 c th trng c hu ht cc loi t, k c t ct si, t mn kim nh,

chu c pH 4.5. Trn t kh hn, t ng nc, t dc, t bng, b rung, ven , ven h.... u c th s dng trng loi c ny.

Ging c VA06 yu cu iu kin mi trng nh sau: s ngy nng trong 1 nm trn 100 ngy, cao so vi mc nc bin di 1500m, nhit bnh qun nm trn 15

0C, lng ma/ nm trn 800mm, s ngy khng sng mui/nm trn 300 ngy. Do ph thch nghi rng, sc chng chu tt, nn t l sng sau khi trng rt cao, ni chung trn 98%, ngay trn vng t thp, m t v rt, t l sng vn trn 98%.

2. Tc sinh trng mnh, sc sinh sn nhanh. vng nhit i, c VA06 c th sinh trng quanh nm, chiu cao thn bnh qun 4-5 m, cao nht t 6m, rt kho, mt cy c th 20-35 nhnh nm, mc cao nht l 60 nhnh, 1 ha c th c 5.25 triu nhnh, h s nhn trn 500 ln. Nu trng 1 ha vo v xun, sau 8 thng c th ging trng trn 300 ha cho nm sau, nu phn, nc th nm th 2 c th ging trng trn 800 ha.

3. K thut trng n gin, nng sut rt cao. Dng cch tch chi hoc ct mt trng th ch sau 40 ngy l c th ct c la

u. cc vng nhit i v mt s vng nhit i, c th thu hoch c quanh nm, nng sut t trn 652 tn/ ha/ nm, Gia cm v c trm t 608 tn/ha/nm. ng u bng so vi nng sut ca mi loi c ho tho khc, gp 20-30 ln nng sut ca cc loi c h

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TRNG C V M

u. Kh nng lu gc ca c rt tt, trng 1 nm thu hoch lin tc 6-7 nm, t nm th 2 n nm th 6 l thi k cho nng sut cao nht. Loi c ny ch yu dng phng php sinh sn v tnh. Do sc chu rt tt, nn ni chung khi nhit trn 00C, cy c th qua ng, trn 80C cy pht trin thng. Loi c ny rt t b su bnh, c coi l mt loi c trng t su bnh nht.

V.2.4. K thut thm canh c VA06 1. Lm t Trc khi trng cn cy ba k. Trn t bng nn ln lung tin cho vic chm

sc v ti tiu nc. Trng trn t dc, phi trng theo ng ng mc, hoc trng theo hc.

2. Chn ging - Do trng bng ht th t l ny mm rt thp, tc sinh trng chm nn ch yu

dng cch nhn ging v tnh. Nhn ging bng cch ly cy thnh thc ct ra tng mt hoc tch chi em gim. Ni c iu kin th gim hom trong bu, cng c th gim hom trong vn m.

- Thi v trng. Ni chung, trng tt nht vo v xun, bt u t thng 2 hng nm, khi nhit trn 150 C. vng m, c th trng vo bt c ma no, khi c ma.

- Chun b ging. Chn cy thnh thc t 6 thng tui, kho, khng su bnh, bc ht l b mm nch ri dng dao sc ct thnh tng on, ct nghing, mi on 1 mt, trn mi mt c 1 mm nch, on thn trn ca mt ngn, on thn di ca mt di hn tng t l sng. Ni c iu kin dng bt kch thch r ABT nng 100 ppm ngm 28 gi (1g bt kch thch r c th x l 3,000-5,000 cy), sau xoa tro vo vt ct hoc dng nc vi sng 20% ngm 20-30 pht thanh trng. Mm x l n u th trng n trnh mt nc.

- Chun b t gim. Chn t tt, nh sng, ti xp gim 1ha bn 45 tn phn chung, c ri u, san phng, lm lung rng 1,5 m, gia cc lung c rnh thot nc.

- Gim hom. t hom nghing 450, mm hung ln pha trn, lp t ph ln mm 3cm, khong cch hom 57cm, sau dng t lp hom, ri ti m hoc ti nc phn long. Cng c th gim hom trong bu c cha phn mc, mm s pht trin tt.

- Chm sc chi. Hng ngy u phi ti m, sau 7-10 ngy th bt u ny mm, thng xuyn xi xo gi t ti xp, nu c bn phn y , sau khong 20-30 ngy, mm cao 20-25 cm th ra ngi. Trong thi k gim, hom c th nhnh, th tch nhnh gim nhm nng cao h s nhn ging.

3. Ra ngi v chm sc: - Thi v ra ngi. C th ra ngi quanh nm, trong sut ma ma. - Mt trng. Nu trng lm thc n xanh th trng dy mt cht khong cch

cy v hng l 50 x 66 cm hoc 33 x 66 cm, mt 30.000-45.000cy/ha. Nu trng ly hom, lm cy cnh th trng tha mt cht, khong cch cy v hng 80 x 100cm hoc 70-90 cm, mt 12,000-15,000cy/ha. Nu trng lm ro, trng chng xi mn trn t dc th trng dy, khong cch cy v hng 33 x 40 cm, mt xp x 100,000 cy/1ha.

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20


TRNG C V M

- Bn phn lt. Trc khi ra ngi mi ha bn 30 tn phn chung v 3 tn super ln, nu khng c phn chung th mi hc bn 100g phn hn hp cng vi 100g supe ln, m bo phn trn u di y hc tng kh nng nhnh.

- C 3 cch trng sau: Cch 1: trng di rnh. Trn rung trng, lm rnh su 14cm, di rnh bn cc

loi phn lt, sau ph 7cm t mn ri nn nh, em hom chun b sn t vo rnh theo nghing 450, hoc t hom nm ngang di rnh, pha trn mm ph 7cm t mn.

Cch 2: trng theo hc. Trn rung trng, cuc h theo khong cch nh trn. Nu trng trn i th cc hc phi trng so le theo ng ng mc. Cch t hom nh phng php trn.

Cch 3: tch chi trng. Khi ng c 12 nm tui, tch 3/4 s cy lin r trong mi bi, ch khng lm hi r. Sau ngt thn non pha trn, ch gi phn thn cch gc 10-15cm. Mi cy c th c ti 12 mm nch c em trng. Nu r qu di th dng ko ct bt. Cch trng cng c th trng theo rnh hoc theo hc nh trn. Cch trng bng cy th tc sinh trng nhanh hn, ni chung sau 2 thng c th ct la u.

Ti nc v bn thc. Sau khi ra ngi, nn dng nc phn long ti gip cy mc r nhanh. Nu gp hn, cn ti 1-2 ln cho n khi cy c mu xanh.

4. Chm sc. - Trng gim. Sau khi trng, ch ti nc gi m, nu khuyt cy th phi gim

b sung, m bo mt gi c trn 98%, t mc 30,000 -45,000 cy/ha. - Trong thi gian ban u, phi ch lm c 1-2 ln. Ln lm c u tin t sau khi

trng 1 thng, kt hp bn mi hc 10g ur. Ln lm c th 2 sau khi trng 2,5 thng, l thi k c pht trin nhanh nht, mi cy bn 25g ur, ng thi vun gc cy khi b ng.

- Ti m v bn thc. Mun t nng sut cao, nu gp kh hn th c mi tun phi ti nc 1 ln, nhng khng ng nc. Vo ma ma phi tiu thot nc kp thi. Mun c nng sut cao, phi bn thc nhiu ln cy sm, kho v sinh trng nhanh. Khi cy cao 60cm th bn phn hu c hoc phn hn hp. Sau mi ln ct 2 ngy phi xi xo v bn thc 1 ln. Mc bn 300-375 kg phn ur/ ha nng cao nng sut. Trc khi vo v ng, nn bn 1 ln phn chung nhm m bo mm qua ng v ti sinh nm sau c tt. Ni c iu kin th sau khi ra ngi 15 ngy cn bn thc 1 ln bng phn phun trn l nng cao nng sut v cht lng c.

- Chm sc c lm ging. Vi rung trng c lm ging th ch nn ct 2-3 ln u vo trc thng 7, sau khng ct tip m ch bc l, nhng phi tr li 6-8 l trn cy. Mi ha bn 750 kg phn ln nung chy. Khi cy cao n 180cm tr ln th thu ht l phn pha di s dng, nhng phi gi li l bao mm nch v khng lm tn hi n l non. Gi cho cy kho, khng su bnh lm ging.

- Phng tr su bnh. VA06 chng su bnh rt tt, nhng i khi cng b bnh thn th, phn trng, su xm, rp, su c thn, ch yu hi mm non, thn. Bin php phng tr ch yu l gi vn c c thng thong. Nu pht sinh su bnh th dngcc bin php phng tr sinh hc, ht sc trnh dng thuc ho cht.

5. Ct v s dng c

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21


TRNG C V M

- Thi v ct. Ni chung vo thi v ct c 20 - 40 ngy ct mt ln trong cc thng 4-11 hng nm. Ni chung, nu nui b, d, cu v cc gia sc nhai li khc th ct vo lc cy cao 130-170cm, mi nm ct 5-6 la. Nu nui ln, c trm c th ct lc c cn non, n hp khu v. Ni chung, ct vo lc c cao 80-120 cm, mi nm ct 7-10 la. Khi ct c th ct cch mt t 15cm, ct nh tay, khng ct qu thp trnh nh hng xu n ti sinh, trnh ct vo ngy ma v d gy su bnh. Nng sut nm u ca loi c ny t 652 tn/ha, t nm 2-6 c th t 1025 tn/ ha.

- Cch s dng c. C 4 cch s dng c: dng lm thc n cht lng tt chn nui; trng bo v t chng xi mn, lm sch, p mi trng; dng lm nguyn liu giy, vn p v sn xut ung.

- Ct c xanh nui gia sc, gia cm. L c ti mm, nhiu nc, khu v ngon, giu dinh dng, t l tiu ho cao l thc n xanh tt nht nui gia sc, gia cm n c, hng nm thu vo cc thng t thng th 4 n thng 11, ct vo lc cy cao 100 - 150cm, 1 nm ct 6-8 la, nu chm sc tt c th ct trn 10 la, m bo 1 ha c th nui 91 b tht, hoc 52 b sa, hoc 588 d cu, hoc 5472 con ngng, hoc 131 con iu, hoc 43,42 tn c trm.

- Lm thc n xanh. Ging c VA06 c hm lng ng cao, xanh rt tt. Trong thi k t thng 6 n thng 8, c pht trin cc nhanh, nng sut rt cao, khi thn cao 150-200cm th ct phi nng na ngy n 1 ngy, h m xung 60%, ri ct thnh tng on 3cm xanh ginh lm thc n trong ma ng. Trong khi th cho thm 1% ure, 3% mui n nhm nng cao cht lng thc n.

- Sn xut c kh xanh. Vo v nng sut cao, khi cy cao 150-180cm th sau khi ct em phi trc tip lm thc n kh xanh. Phi chn ngy nng, phi 2-3 ngy, ri bo qun trong nh rm mt, thng thong hoc nh thnh tng ng, phng ln men mc. C kh xanh cng c th em nghin thnh bt c nui gia sc, gia cm.

- Ch bin thc n nh. Khi cy cao 250-300cm th ct thnh tng on 35 cm sau phun vi khun ln men ri em cha vo bch c nn cht, sau 30 ngy c th ly ra s dng chn nui.

- Trng chng xi mn. Loi c ny c b r ln, mc nhanh, nu trng trn t c dc trn 250, c tc dng v chng xi mn rt tt hoc trng ven sng, bi bi hoc ni d st l hoc ven ng, c th bo v tt mi trng. Trng c gi ct chng ct bay cng c tc dng tt.

- Dng ph xanh t trng i trc v cc khu vc cng cng. C VA06 c thn cao, mu tro trng, nhn bng, cng c gi tr nh cy cnh, c th trng ph xanh t trng i trc v xy dng "rng c" lm sch p v chng nhim mi trng, lm p cnh quan ca cc vng sinh thi.

- Dng sn xut giy v vn nhn to. Do c VA06 c tc pht trin sinh khi nhanh, c si di, hiu sut sn xut bt giy cao, tnh nng ty trng tt, hm lng ng pentosan thp, cng si cao... tt hn nhiu so vi mt s loi cy nguyn liu khc, c th sn xut cc loi giy vn ho phm cao cp. Thn c c th lm vn nhn to c gi r, cht lng tt v sn xut nhiu mt hng th cng m ngh, sn xut cc loi hp ng thc n dng mt ln va c gi r m khng gy tn hi mi trng.

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TRNG C V M

- Sn xut nm n v nm dc liu. C VA06 c th nghin lm bt c thay nguyn liu g, mn ca, c th sn xut trn 30 loi nm, trong c Trc tn l loi nm n cao cp v nm Linh chi lm thuc.

V.3. Trng m

V.3.1. Ging m: KM 94

- Sn KM 94 l ging sn cho nng sut cao, hm lng tinh bt cao, chu thm canh, c B Nng nghip v PTNT cng nhn l ging Quc gia t nm 1995.

V.3.2. K thut thm canh sn KM 94

1/ c im ging :

- Tn gc : MKUC 28773 (hoc Kasetsart 50) c nhp ni t CIAT/Thi Lan trong b

ging kho

- Ging c cc c im :

+/ Thn xanh, hi cong, ngn tm, tn gn, phn cnh cao t 450 m so vi mt nc

bin tr ln

+/ Nng sut c ti t 30 - 50 tn/ ha, ty theo mc thm canh

+/ Hm lng tinh bt t 28 - 30%

+/ Thi gian t lc trng n lc thu hoch 7 - 12 thng, cng c th sang nm sau thu

hoch cng c.

+/ Nhim nh bnh chy l

2/ Thi v :

- i vi cy sn thi v khng nghim ngt. Thi v gieo trng Kon Tum c th t

ngy 10/4 - 10/6. Thi v thch hp nht l: t 15/4 n 20/5.

- Ngoi cc ging c thi gian thu hoch khc nhau, th cy sn c kh nng lu li qua

nm, nn c th thu hoch mun m khng nh hng nhiu n nng sut v cht lng

c. p ng c nhu cu ko di thi gian ch bin ca nh my.

- Yu cu khi trng : tng t t 40 - 60 cm phi m trnh hn cc b

3/ K thut lm t :

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TRNG C V M

Sn l cy trng ly c nn khu lm t l mt trong nhng yu t c bn quyt nh nng

sut. Do , yu cu lm t phi ti xp, gi m tt trong ma kh v thot nc tt trong

ma ma.

Tu iu kin c th mi vng m chun b t trng c khc nhau. a s cy t 1-2 lt ,

sau ba mt lt ri trng. C th ln lung trng hoc khng cn ln lung gi

m t cho sn pht trin tt trong iu kin lng ma t, t thng hn.

4/ Chun b hom ging:

Vo thi gian thu hoch, ngi ta chn nhng cy m 10-12 thng tui, thn di khng su

bnh lm hom ging. Mt s ni nng dn ly ngay hom ch thu hoch v trc. Khi

bo qun 1-2 thng sau mi trng, nng dn thng buc thn thnh tng b, dng di

bng cy hoc che ph gi hom ny mm tt.

5) Phng php v K thut trng :

Hom sn c th trng ng hoc trng nm ngang . Ni no trng sn vo lc ma nhiu

th thng t hom ng.

Tuy nhin nhiu nng dn li p dng cch trng nghing kt hp u im gia hai cch

trng ng v nm.

- Rch hng ln lung ( t tng i bng phng) hoc cuc t vun nm, ng knh

nm t 50 - 80 cm, cao t 30 - 40 cm, nm n cch nm kia 70 - 80 cm ( t dc khng cy

c)

- Cuc h, bn phn lt, xi xo cho phn ln vi t v lp t k trc khi t hom

- Sau khi t hom phi lp t ph kn hom sn

- Hom sn trc khi trng phi ca hoc cht di t 10 - 15 cm(mi hom sn c t nht 5

mt tr ln)

6/ Mt trng :

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TRNG C V M

- Mt trng ph thuc vo ph ca t v mc thm canh theo nguyn tc : t tt

trng tha, t xu trng dy v mc thm canh cao trng tha, mc thm canh thp trng

dy

- Mt trng ph bin hin nay l : 10.000 - 12.500 hom/ha vi quy cch trng tng ng

: 1m x 1m v 1m x 0,8m

7/ Bn phn :

Phn ln t trng sn tnh ta l t b xi mn, bc mu, ngho dinh dng. Do , cn

phi bn phn khi trng sn (ngoi tr mt s t din tch t mi c khai hoang) duy

tr ph t, tng nng sut cy trng, em li hiu qu kinh t cao cho ngi trng sn.

Nu khng bn phn,t s ngy cng ngho kit dinh dng, nng sut ngy cng gim.

- Do sn l cy trng ly c nn vic bn phn lt l ht sc quan trng

- Ln v kali l 2 loi phn cn thit tng nng sut c v hm lng tinh bt ca c sn,

do khng th thiu c trong quy tnh phn bn ca cy sn

- Cng thc bn : (40kgN + 40kg P2O5 + 70kg K2O)/ha (cng thc chung)

Ty theo loi phn m tnh ton lng phn bn cho ph hp. C th s dng 2 cng thc

bn ang c p dng ph bin hin nay nh sau :

*/ Cng thc 1 : s dng phn hu c v phn N.P.K :

+/ Phn hu c : 1.000 kg/ha ( hoc 10 tn phn chung/ha)

+/ N.P.K (16.16.16) : 250 kg/ha

+/ Ka-li : 50 kg/ha

. Cch bn :

+/ Bn lt : trn 1000 kg phn hu c trn vi 100 kg N.P.K (16.16.16) bn vo hc (

100g/hc)

+/ Bn thc ln 1 : sau khi trng 40 ngy bn 100 kg N.P.K (16.16.16)

+/ Bn thc ln 2 : sau khi trng 70 ngy bn 50 kg N.P.K (16.16.16) + 50 kg Kali

8/ Phng tr c di :

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TRNG C V M

C di lm gim nng sut sn do chng cnh ranh dinh dng, nht l khi sn cn non. V

vy cn ch lm c, ch yu lm bng cuc t 1-3 ln

- Lm c ln 1, ln 2 l yu t quan trng sn pht trin tt, cho nng sut cao, do

phi t chc lm c kp thi

- hn ch c di, sau khi trng 4 -5 ngy, t m, tin hnh phun thuc dit mm.

Dng thc Dual hoc Ron Star rt hiu qu, gim chi ph lm c t 1.

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TRNG C V M

CHNG VI: GII PHP THIT K MT BNG V H TNG K THUT

VI.1. Tiu chun thit k mt bng VI.1.1 Tiu chun v khu t xy dng.

+ Ph hp vi quy hoch c duyt. + a th cao, bng phng, thot nc tt. + m bo cc quy nh an ton v v sinh mi trng. + Khng gn cc ngun cht thi c hi. + m bo c ngun thng tin lin lc, cp in, cp nc t mng li cung cp

chung.

VI.1.2. Quy hoch mt bng tng th khu t. Tng din tch xy dng : 144,799 m2 (14.5ha) Quy hoch tng th cc cng trnh ca trang tri chn nui b sa v b tht sau khi

hon thnh giai on xy dng bao gm cc hng mc sau: n v tnh: m2

Hng mc Din tch

(m2)

H thng chung tri c bn

+ Chung b ging 8,000

+ Chung b tht 10,000

+ Chung nui b con 3,640

Khu vc trng c 720,000

Khu vc trng m 200,000


+ Khu vc sy 800

+ Kho cha m sy 1,500

+ Kho cha c & thc n 2,500

+ Li i cp pht thc n 4,200

H thng cp nc + Mng n 530

+ Ging khoan 20

+ B cha nc 200

+ ng ng cp nc 8,000

+ Mng ung t ng 4,000

H thng chm sc v qun l b + Sn vn ng th b 10,000

+ ng i ni b 600

H thng x l nc thi

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TRNG C V M

+ Rnh thot nc 3,300

+ H thng ao lng, ao lu 4,000

+ Khu vc s dng nc thi 4,000

H thng x l phn + Nh cha phn 1,300

+ Khu vc phn 1,300

+ Sn phi phn 2,600

+ Hm biogas 1,300

Khu vc qun l kinh doanh + Nh vn phng 600

+ Nh cng nhn 300

+ Nh chuyn gia 100

+ Nh n + bp 100

+ Nh nghin cu 100

+ Sn bng chuyn 200

+ Nh t my pht in+ dng c 200

+ Thp nc sinh hot 1

+ Vn hoa, cy xanh 3,000

+ Khu vc xe 200

H thng cng+ tng ro 10,000

H thng ng in

VI.1.3 Ni dung cng trnh v tiu chun kin trc ca chung tri a. Yu cu chung h thng chung tri - To cho n b c an ton, thoi mi, d chu khi n ung, ngh ngi, di chuyn

v xut nhp. - To s an ton v thun tin cho ngi chn nui trong vic qun l, chm sc v nui dng.

- To ra c tiu kh hu tt, hn ch ti a nhng tc ng xu ca thi tit kh hu ln c th gia sc.

- m bo thun li cho cng tc th y v v sinh mi trng. - m bo lin thng hp l gia cc b phn trong ton tri gim thiu chi ph

vn hnh sn xut. - n gin nhm tit kim chi ph xy dng, nhng c th s dng c lu di v

n nh. b. Cc b phn c bn ca khu chung tri. Thit k khu chung tri chn nui b phi hp cc b phn cu thnh sau y

thnh mt h thng hot ng hon chnh: - H thng ng c: c trng vi din tch 10 ha m bo cho vic cung cp y

thc n th xanh hng ngy cho n b tht v b sa ca trang tri. Ging c c trng l VA06 c lai to gia ging c voi v c ui si ca chu M.

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TRNG C V M

- H thng cung cp thc n: bao gm kho cha v dng c ch bin thc n tinh v thc n th, my phi trn v phn phi thc n, li i cp pht thc n v mng n.

- H thng cp nc: bao gm ngun nc, bm, b cha, ng ng cp nc v mng ung.

- H thng chm sc qun l b: gm cc chung nht b, sn vn ng, ng i, thit b th y, cc thit b nhp v xut bn b.

- H thng x l nc thi: gm rnh thot, h thng ao lng, ao lu v khu vc s dng nc thi.

- H thng x l phn: gm thit b thu dn v vn chuyn phn, thit b v khu vc s dng phn.

- Khu vc qun l/kinh doanh: gm vn phng lm vic, cu cn, ni xe v ni vui chi gii lao dnh cho cng.

c. Tiu chun kin trc ca chung tri Hng chung:

Mc tiu chnh ca chung tri l bo v cho b khng b tc ng xu ca iu kin thi tit kh hu. Do vy, hng chung c b tr ph hp trnh ma tt, gi la, m bo che nng, thong mt v thot nc tt. Chung hng v pha ng Nam c nh sng v thng thong tt.

Mt bng v nn chung: Nn chung cao hn mt t bn ngoi khong 40-50cm nc ma khng th

trn vo chung.Nn chung c lng b tng, mt nn chung khng g gh, v khng trn trt, c dc hp l (2-3%), xui v pha rnh thot nc bo m thot nc d dng khi di ra.

Tng chung: Tng chung bao quanh trnh ma ht v ngn b. Tng c xy bng gch,

b mt tng m bo d dng qut ra tiu c khi cn thit. Mt trong ca tng qut vi trng, va m bo v sinh va to ra b mt phn chiu nh sng trong chung tt.

Mi chung: Mai chung c lm bng tn, mi lm cao v thong kh. Mng n: Trong iu kin chn nui theo trang tri c quy m ln cn phi c mng n trong

chung cho b m bo v sinh. Mng n c xy bng gch lng xi mng. Mng n khng qu su d gy tn ng thc n v kh v sinh. Cc gc ca mng n ln trn v trn nhn, y mng dc v c l thot nc cui thun tin cho vic ra mng. Thnh mng pha trong (pha b n) thp hn thnh mng ngoi thc n khng ri vi ra li i.

Mng ung v h thng cp nc: Ngun nc s dng cho b c m bo sch, lnh v ngon. Dng mng ung t

ng cung cp nc theo nhu cu ca b. Mng ung c c nh cao 0.8m t mt t v gi cho c cng mc nc vi b cha nc (theo kiu bnh thng nhau).

Rng ngn v ca ra vo: Rng c lm bng st, chiu cao ca rng ngn gia 2 thng khong 80-

100cm, chiu di bng 2/3 ch nm. Ngoi rng ngn , c rng ngn pha trc ngang

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29


TRNG C V M

tm vai b khng bc vo mng n hay mng ung. Cc rng chung hi trn cnh trnh cho con vt b xy xt.

H thng lm mt: Lm mt trc tip cho c th b bng h thng qut thng gi. Qut lm tng lu

thng khng kh xung quanh c th. H thng lm mt ny c hiu qu cao trong c iu kin kh hu kh cng nh m.

Sn chi v ng i: Sn chi c hng ro b c th vn ng t do. Sn c lt bng gch vi din

tch khong 15-20 m2/con. Trong sn chi cng b tr mng n, mng ung v cy bng mt.

ng i cho n trong chung c b tr nhm thun tin nht theo v tr chung tri. V ng i bn ngoi b tr thun nht cho vic vn chuyn thc n v cng tc v sinh. Dc hai bn ng i ngoi chung c cy bng mt.

H thng kho cha v can thip th y: Xy dng khu vc ch bin v phi trn thc n km theo cc kho cha thc n

tinh, kho cha c kh, b thc n xanh... Kho thong mt, trnh nh nng, lun phng s pht trin ca cc loi vi khun, nm mc, trnh rui nhng, cc loi cn trng v chut gy hi. Cc vt cha thc n c np y kn.

Trong khu vc mt tri c chung cch ly v phng th y. Chung th y c t khu t ring bit, thp hn chung nui, xa khu vc chn nui (khong 200m) v cui hng gi. Trong chung th y c ch dng lm kho thuc v dng c th y, c cc chung nui cch l gia sc m vi y cc phng tin cung cp thc n, nc ung, v sinh v lm mt.

VI.2. Tiu chun thit k h thng k thut. - Thng gi

Cc chung nh chung b ging, chung b, chung b tht v bo, chung b sa u m bo thng gi. H thng thng gi s:

Loi tr bi, kh c v mi hi thi khi chung. Cung cp khng kh sch trong chung. iu ho c nhit v m khng kh chung nui. - nh sng

Kt cu tng v mi kt hp vi hng chung c m bo s thng thong kh v c nh sng t nhin trong chung. Ch nh sng trong chung ph hp s nh hng tt ti mi trng v sinh th y v trao i cht ca b.

Mt nui thng c tnh bng din tch chung bnh qun cho mi con. N c nh hng n sc sn xut v sc kho ca gia sc cng nh hiu qu chn nui ni chung. Mt nui c nh hng ln n tiu kh hu chung nui v n nh hng n m, mi v bi trong chung. Khi thit k mt nui c cn c vo iu kin kh hu, ln ca gia sc. Theo tiu chun din tch chung nui cho 1 n v b (500 kg) dao ng trong phm vi 7-20 m.

VI.3. Gii php k thut H thng in:

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TRNG C V M

H thng chiu sng bn trong c kt hp gia chiu sng nhn to v chiu sng t nhin.

H thng chiu sng bn ngoi c b tr h thng n pha, ngoi vic bo m an ninh cho cng trnh cn to c nt thm m cho cng trnh vo ban m. Cng trnh c b tr trm bin th ring bit v c my pht in d phng. H thng tip t an ton, h thng in c lp t ring bit vi h thng tip t chng st. Vic tnh ton thit k h thng in c tun th tuyt i cc tiu chun qui nh ca tiu chun xy dng v tiu chun ngnh.

H thng cp thot nc: H thng cp thot nc c thit k m bo yu cu s dng nc: + Nc sinh hot. + Nc cho h thng cha chy. + Nc dng cho trang tri b Vic tnh ton cp thot nc c tnh theo tiu chun cp thot nc cho cng

trnh cng cng v theo tiu chun PCCC quy nh. H thng chng st H thng chng st s dng h thng kim thu st hin i t tiu chun. H thng tip t chng st phi m bo Rd < 10 v c tch ring vi h

thng tip t an ton ca h thng in. Ton b h thng sau khi lp t phi c bo tr v kim tra nh k. Vic tnh ton thit k chng st c tun th theo quy nh ca quy chun xy

dng v tiu chun xy dng hin hnh. H thng Phng chy cha chy Cng trnh c lp t h thng bo chy t ng ti cc khu vc cng cng

m bo an ton tuyt i cho cng trnh. H thng cha chy c lp t nhng ni d thao tc v thng xuyn c ngi qua li.

H thng cha chy: ng trng km, bnh cha chy, hp cha chy, s dng thit b ca Vit Nam t tiu chun v yu cu PCCC ra.

Vic tnh ton thit k PCCC c tun th tuyt i cc qui nh ca qui chun xy dng v tiu chun xy dng hin hnh.

H thng thng tin lin lc Ton b cng trnh c b tr mt tng i chnh phc v lin lc i ni v i

ngoi. Cc thit b telex, in thoi ni b, fax (nu cn) c u ni n tng phng.

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TRNG C V M

CHNG VII: NH GI TC NG MI TRNG

VII.1. nh gi tc ng mi trng VII.1.1. Gii thiu chung

Xy dng Trang tri chn nui b sa v b tht xy dng ti x a Quyn, huyn c Trng, tnh Lm ng.

Mc ch ca nh gi tc ng mi trng l xem xt nh gi nhng yu t tch cc v tiu cc nh hng n mi trng trong xy dng trang tri v khu vc ln cn, t a ra cc gii php khc phc, gim thiu nhim nng cao cht lng mi trng hn ch nhng tc ng ri ro cho mi trng v cho xy dng trang tri khi d n c thc thi, p ng c cc yu cu v tiu chun mi trng.

VII.1.2. Cc quy nh v cc hng dn v mi trng Cc quy nh v hng dn sau c dng tham kho

- Lut Bo v Mi trng s 52/2005/QH11 c Quc hi nc CHXHCN Vit Nam kha XI k hp th 8 thng qua thng 11 nm 2005; - Ngh nh s 80/2006/N-CP ca Chnh ph ngy 09 thng 8 nm 2006 v vic quy nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca lut Bo v Mi trng;

- Ngh nh s 21/2008/N-CP ca Chnh ph ngy 28 thng 2 nm 2008 v Sa i, b sung mt s iu ca Ngh nh s 80/2006/N-CP ngy 09 thng 8 nm 2006 cu Chnh ph v vic quy nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca lut Bo v Mi trng;

- Thng t s 05/2008/ TT-BTNMT ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng ngy 18/12/2008 v vic hng dn v nh gi mi trng chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng v cam kt bo v mi trng;

- Quyt nh s 35/Q-BKHCNMT ca B trng B Khoa hc Cng ngh v Mi trng ngy 25/6/2002 v vic cng b Danh mc tiu chun Vit Nam v mi trng bt buc p dng;

- Quyt nh s 23/2006/Q-BTNMT ngy 26/12/2006 v vic ban hnh Danh mc cht thi nguy hi km theo Danh mc cht thi nguy hi;

- Tiu chun mi trng do B KHCN&MT ban hnh 1995, 2001 & 2005;

- Quyt nh s 22/2006/Q-BTNMT ngy 18 thng 12 nm 2006 ca B Ti Nguyn v Mi trng v vic bt buc p dng 05 Tiu chun Vit Nam v Mi trng v bi b p dng mt s cc Tiu chun quy nh theo quyt nh s 35/2002/Q-BKHCNMT ngy 25 thng 6 nm 2002 ca B trng B KHCN v Mi trng;

VII.2. Cc tc ng mi trng VII.2.1. Cc loi cht thi pht sinh

Trong qu trnh hot ng, d n chn nui gia scthi ra ngoi mi trng phn, nc tiu v thc n tha. Cc cht ny ng vai tr rt ln trong qu trnh gy nhim mi trng chn nui. Bn thn cc cht thi ra trong qu trnh chn nui ny cha nhiu nhn t c hi nhng c th quy ra 3 nhm chnh :

+ Cc vi sinh vt c hi

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TRNG C V M

+ Cc cht c hi + Cc kh c hi C 3 nhm yu t c hi ny c lin quan mt thit vi nhau v ph thuc rt nhiu

vo qu trnh chn nui cng nh bnh tt vt nui. Ngun gy nhim mi trng t cc c s chn nui bao gm cht thi rn nh lng, phn, rc, thc n tha v cht thi lng nh nc tiu, nc ra chung, v sinh mng n, mng ung, nc tm ra cho gia sc.

Trung bnh mt con b thi 3.5 7 kg phn v 50 - 150 lt nc thi. Trong cht thi chn nui c nhiu cht gy nhim mi trng. Cc nh khoa hc

phn chia cc cht nhim trong cht thi chn nui thnh cc loi: cc cht hu c d b phn hu sinh hc, cc cht hu c bn vng, cc cht v c, cc cht c mi, cc cht rn, cc loi mm bnh ... Cc cht nhim ny c th tn ti c trong kh thi, nc thi, cht thi rn.

VII.2.2. Kh thi Cc cht c mi

Cc cht c mi pht sinh t phn v nc thi, gy nhim khng kh. Khng kh trong chung nui cha khong 100 hp cht kh (Haitung v Phillips,1994 ); H2 v CO2 t nhng ni cha phn lng di t c th gy nn s ng c cp tnh hoc mn tnh cho vt nui. Mi phn c bit hi thi khi tch lu phn phn hu trong trng thi ym kh, kh c hi to ra mi trng xung quanh nng cao c th gy nn ma, ngt th, ngt xu hoc cht ngi. Lng NH3 v H2S vt qu gii hn cho php s gy mi hi v kch thch vt nui, c bit l ln ng h hp. Cc cht gy mi cn c nh gi bi hm lng cht rn bay hi v m d tha trong cht thi. Cc cht d tha dng cha phn hu to iu kin cho vi sinh vt gy thi ra pht trin. Cc cht kh nhim

CO2 l loi kh khng mu, khng mi v, nng hn khng kh (1.98 g/l). N c sinh ra trong qu trnh th v cc qu trnh phn hu ca vi sinh vt. Nng cao s nh hng xu n s trao i cht, trng thi chung ca c th cng nh kh nng sn xut v sc chng bnh tt do lm gim lng oxy tn ti. Nng CO2 s tng ln do kt qu phn gii phn ng vt v do qu trnh h hp bnh thng ca ng vt trong mt khng gian kn. V vy trong cc chung nui c mt cao v thng kh km, hm lng cacbonic tng cao c th vt qu tiu chun v tr nn rt c hi i vi c th vt nui.

H2S l loi kh c tim tng trong cc chung chn nui gia sc. N c sinh ra do vi sinh vt ym kh phn hu protein v cc vt cht hu c co cha Sunfua khc. Kh thi H2S sinh ra c gi li trong cht lng ca ni lu gi phn. Kh H2S c mi rt kh chu v gy c thm ch nng thp. Sc vt b trng c H2S ch yu do b my h hp ht vo, H2S tip xc vi nim mc m t, ho hp vi cht kim trong c th sinh ra Na2S. Nim mc hp thu Na2S vo mu, Na2S b thu phn gii phng ra H2S s kch thch h thng thn kinh, lm t lit trung khu h hp v vn mch. nng cao H2S gy vim phi cp tnh km theo thu thng. Khng kh cha trn 1mg/l H2S s lm cho con vt b cht trng thi t ngt, lit trung khu h hp v vn mch ( Ngc Ho,1995) (Dn theo Bi Th Phng Ho). c v ng c i vi cng nhn chn nui do ht phi H2S

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TRNG C V M

nng cao trong cc chung chn nui. Ngi ta c th xc nh c mi H2S nng rt thp (0.025ppm) trong khng kh chung nui.

NH3 l mt cht kh khng mu, c mi kh chu, ngng gii hn tip nhn mi l 37mg/m

3, t trng so vi khng kh l 0.59. N c mi rt cay v c th pht hin nng

5ppm. Nng NH3 in hnh trong chung c mi trng c iu ho v thng thong tt l 20 ppm v t 50 ppm nu phn tch t trn nn cng. Vo ma ng tc thng gi chm hn th c th vt 50 ppm v c th ln n 100 200 ppm (Hi ng ht cc Hoa K, 1996). Hm lng amoniac trong cc c s chn nui ph thuc vo s lng cht thi, cht hu c tch t li trong cc lp n chung, tc l ph thuc vo mt nui gia sc, gia cm, m, nhit ca khng kh v ca lp n chung, nguyn liu v xp ca lp n chung. Thng th khu vc bn cha nhiu NH3 hn khu vc sch. Nng ca NH3 c pht hin trong cc tri chn nui thng < 100 ppm.

CO l mt cht kh c hi trong khng kh chung nui. Trong khng kh bnh thng CO nng l 0.02 ppm, trong cc ng ph l 13 ppm v nhng ni c mt giao thng cao c th ln n 40 ppm. Loi kh ny gy c cho vt nui v con ngi do cnh tranh vi Oxy (O2) kt ni vi st trong hng cu. i lc lin kt ny cao hn 250 ln so vi O2 do n y oxy ra khi v tr ca n. Kh CO kt hp vi st ca hng cu to thnh kh carboxyhemoglobin lm cho O2 khng dc a ti m bo gy nn tnh trng thiu oxy trong h hp t bo. Nng CO cao ti 250 ppm trong cc khu chn nui b sinh sn c th lm tng s lng b con non, b con ra b cht nhng xt nghim bnh l cho thy khng c lin quan ti cc bnh truyn nhim.

CH4 Cht kh ny c thi ra theo phn do vi sinh vt phn gii ngun dinh dng gm cc cht x v bt ng trong qun trnh tiu ho. Loi kh ny khng c nhng nhng n cng gp phn lm nh hng ti vt nui do chim ch trong khng kh lm gim lng oxy. iu kin kh quyn bnh thng, nu kh CH4 chim 87-90% th tch khng kh s gy ra hin tng kh th vt nui v c th dn n tnh trng hn m. Nhng quan trng hn l nu hm hng kh metan ch chim 10-15% th tch khng kh c th gy n, y l mi nguy him chnh ca kh metan.

VII.2.3. Nc thi Nc thi pht sinh t trang tri chn nui do lm v sinh chung tri, mng n,

mng ung, nc tm ra cho gia sc hng ngy, nc tiu do gia sc bi tit ra mi trng. Thnh phn nc thi chn nui bin ng rt ln ph thuc vo quy m chn nui, phng php v sinh, kiu chung tri v cht lng nc v sinh chung tri....Trong nc thi, nc chim 75 95%, phn cn li l cc cht hu c, v c v mm bnh. Cc cht hu c d b phn hu sinh hc. Gm cc cht nh: Cacbonhydrat, protein, cht bo.... y l cht gy nhim ch yu ca nc thi khu dn c, cng nghip ch bin thc phm, l m .Cht hu c tiu th xy rt mnh, gy hin tng gim xy trong ngun tip nhn dn n suy thoi v gim cht lng ngun nc.

Cc cht rn tng s trong nc Bao gm cht rn l lng v cht rn ho tan, cht rn bay hi v cht rn khng

bay hi do cc cht keo protein, hydratcacbon, cht bo c trong nc thi hoc c to ra khi gp iu kin nh: pH, nhit , cng thch hp. Lng cht rn l lng cao trong nc gy cn tr qu trnh x l cht thi. Cht rn l lng trong nc thi chn nui

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TRNG C V M

ch yu l cn phn vt nui trong qu trnh v sinh chung tri, trong phn c Nitrogen, pht pht v nhiu vi sinh vt. Phn ln N trong phn dng Amonium (NH4

+) v hp cht

nit hu c. Nu khng c x l th mt lng ln Amonium s i vo khng kh dng Amonia (NH3). Nitrat v vi sinh vt theo nc thi ra ngoi mi trng c th nhim vo ngun nc ngm v lm t b nhim.

Cc cht hu c bn vng Bao gm cc hp cht Hydrocacbon, vng thm, hp cht a vng, hp cht c

cha Clo hu c trong cc loi ho cht tiu c kh trng nh DDT, Lindan.....cc cht ho hc ny c kh nng tn lu trong t nhin lu di v tch ly trong c th cc loi sinh vt. Cc cht v c. Bao gm cc cht nh Amonia, ion PO4

3+ , K+, SO4

2- , Cl+. Kali trong

phn l cht lng tn ti nh mt loi mui ho tan, phn ln l t nc tiu gia sc bi tit ra khong 90%. Kali trong thc n cng c gia sc bi tit ra ngoi. Ion SO4

2- c to

ra do s phn hu cc hp cht cha lu hunh trong iu kin hiu kh hoc ym kh. (CH3)2S + 2H2 2CH4 + H2 ( ym kh) CH3SH + O2 +H2O CH4 + H2SO4 (Mercaptan ) (CH3)2S + O2 +H2O CH4 + H2SO4 (hiu kh) Clorua l cht v c c nhiu trong nc thi, nng Clorua vt qu mc

350mg/l s gy nhim t, nc ngm v nc b mt........ Cc yu t vi sinh vt Trong nc thi c cha mt tp on kh rng cc vi sinh vt c li v c hi,

trong c nhiu loi trng k sinh trng, vi trng v virus gy bnh nh: E.coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Proteus, Arizona.... Bnh thng, cc vi sinh vt ny sng cng sinh vi nhau trong ng tiu ho nn c s cn bng sinh thi. Khi xut hin tnh trng bnh l th s cn bng b ph v, chng hn nh gia sc b a chy th s lng vi khun gy bnh s nhiu hn v ln p tp on vi khun c li.

Trong nhng trng hp vt nui mc cc bnh truyn nhim khc th s o thi vi trng gy bnh trong cht thi tr nn nguy him cho mi trng v cho cc vt nui khc.

VII.2.4. Cht thi rn Cht thi rn t hot ng chn nui bao gm phn, rc, cht n chung, thc n

d tha, xc gia sc cht hng ngy. T l cc cht hu c, v c, vi sinh vt trong cht thi ph thuc vo khu phn n, ging, loi gia sc v cch dn v sinh.

Trong cht thi rn cha : nc 56 - 83%, cht hu c 1 - 26%, nit 0.32 1.6%, P 0.25 1.4%, K 0.15 0.95% v nhiu loi vi khun, virus, trng giun sn gy bnh cho ngi v ng vt. Cc thnh phn trong cht thi rn c th khc nhau v t l cc thnh phn ny cng khc nhau tu tng loi gia sc, gia cm. Ngoi mt s thnh phn nh trn th trong cht thi rn cn cha mt s vi sinh vt gy bnh cho ngi v ng vt.

VII.3. Bin php gim thiu tc ng mi trng VII.3.1. X l cht thi rn

Nguyn tc chung Cht thi rn pht sinh trong qu trnh chn nui phi c thu gom gn gng sch

s, c ni thu gom, cha cht thi rn, thng cha phi bng vt liu bn, c np y kn, khng r r, thm ht, chy trn. Thng xuyn dng ho cht, vi bt st trng ni

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TRNG C V M

cha cht thi rn. Khng tn tr cht thi rn ti chung tri v ni thu gom ca c s qu 24 gi m khng c bin php x l thch hp. Phng tin vn chuyn cht thi rn phi m bo kn, khng r r, khng ri vi, khng thot mi hi. Cht thi rn sau khi x l phi m bo t tiu chun mi trng theo quy nh. Tt nht nn xy hm Biogas x l cht thi rn v tn dng c ngun cht t cho sinh hot. Tuy nhin, i vi chn nui quy m nh th phi xy dng b phn xanh. Hng ngy tin hnh thu gom phn rc tp trung v h hoai mc trc khi s dng bn cho cy trng. Nn chung nui v h x l cht thi phi c xy v lng xi mng d dng cho qu trnh c ra v sinh v trnh c s thm thu cht lng ra ngoi mi trng, to c ym kh ca h , gip phn chng hoai mc.

Quy trnh phn xanh phn xanh l qu trnh x l phn v cc cht thi rn bng cch trn ln vi vi

bt + t bt + phn ln + l phn xanh hoc tru, hoai mc. C 2 cch phn xanh nh sau:

- trn mt t bng cch ri mt lp vi bt pha trn mt t sau di mt lp phn, cht n ln. C mt lp phn dy 20-30 cm li ri mt lp vi bt cho n khi ng phn cao khong 1-1.2m th p kn bn ngoi bng mt lp bn dy khong 5-7cm.

- o h su 2-2.5m, chu vi h tu thuc vo lng cht thi cn x l. Ri mt lp vi bt ln b mt ca h sau a cht thi xung v lm tng t nh trn mt t, khong cch t lp cht thi trn cng ti mt t l 50cm.

Sau khi tin hnh kh trng tiu c khu vc xung quanh bng vi bt, hoc cc ho cht sau: Formol 2-3%, Xt 2-3%, Chloramin, Prophyl, Virkon, Biocid,...

Trong qu trnh , nh k 3- 5 ngy cn phi ly nc (tt nht l nc thi v sinh chung tri) ti u trn b duy tr m v cugn cp thm dinh dng cho vi khun k kh pht trin. Thng thng, sau khong 1 thng th phn xanh hoai ht, ly ra bn cho cy trng.

H thng Biogas Biogas l mt loi kh t sinh hc c to ra khi phn hy ym kh phn thi ra

ca gia sc. Cc cht thi ca gia sc c cho vo hm kn (hay ti ), cc vi sinh vt s phn hy chng thnh cc cht mn v kh, kh ny c thu li qua mt h thng ng dn ti l t, phc v sinh hot ca gia nh. Cc cht thi ra sau qu trnh phn hy trong hm kn (hay ti ) gn nh sch v c th thi ra mi trng, c bit nc thi ca h thng Biogas c th dng ti cho cy trng.

K thut x l bng b Biogas c nhiu cch, ph thuc vo nng sut s dng nh ti sinh kh Biogas bng cht do, hm c np tri ni v hm c np c nh.

Tt nht nn chn v tr xy dng hm phn hu gn chung tri v h thng cp thot nc thun tin. C th xy dng ngay trong chung tri tit kim t.

VII.3.2. X l nc thi Nguyn tc chung Phi m bo h thng thot nc v sinh chung tri lun khai thng, khng t

ng pht sinh mi hi, rui mui. Nc thi phi c x l bng hm t hoi, hm biogas, ao lng lc v cc phng php khc m bo khng pht sinh mi hi hoc chy trn ra mi trng xung quanh. Nc thi sau khi x l phi m bo t tiu chun theo

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TRNG C V M

quy nh. i vi cc c s chn nui nh, h gia nh khng c h thng x l nc thi th ton b nc thi trong qu trnh chn nui, v sinh chung tri,... phi c x l bng cc ho cht st trng trc khi chy vo h thng thot nc chung. Ngoi ra c th xy dng h thng b lng lc c trng cy thu sinh x l. i vi cc c s chn nui ln, nc thi trong qu trnh chn nui, v sinh chung tri,... phi c x l qua h thng x l nc thi trc khi thi ra ngoi, m bo v sinh an ton dch bnh, v sinh mi trng. Thng thng, nc thi v sinh chung tri c x l cng vi cc cht thi rn trong hm Biogas, tuy nhin phn nc thi sau Biogas thi ra vn lm nhim mi trng xung quanh.

VII.3.3. X l kh thi, mi hi Thng xuyn v sinh chung tri gim thiu mi hi pht sinh trong qu trnh

chn nui. Kh thi trong qu trnh nui nht, tn tr cht thi phi c x l bng cc bin php thch hp khng pht sinh mi hi nh hng n mi trng xung quanh.

VII.3.4. Gim thiu cc tc ng khc X l ting n: Cc khu vc tp trung ng dn c, chung tri phi c tng bao

quanh, xy dng cao ti thiu l 2m. Ting n phi x l t tiu chun theo quy nh TCVN 5949-1998.

- St trng, v sinh chung tri: nh k phun dipterex tr rui, mui, k sinh trng; nh k ty u chung tri v mi trng chung quanh.

- Trng cy xanh to bng mt v chn c gi lnh, gi nng, ngoi ra cy xanh cn quang hp ht kh CO2 v thi kh O2 rt tt cho mi trng chn nui. Nn trng cc loi cy nh: nhn, vi, keo du, mung.

- Tiu c kh trng i vi phng tin vn chuyn gia cm, sn phm gia cm - Trang b dng c bo h lao ng khi s dng ha cht (phun thuc st trng, thuc ty u,)

VII.4. Kt lun Mi hot ng sn xut nng nghip u c nhng tc ng khng tt n mi trng. Tuy nhin, vi din tch rng ln, sc ti mi trng y s rt cao, v th qu trnh chn nui b theo cng ngh mi hin i s khng gy nh hng ln n mi trng.

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TRNG C V M

CHNG VIII: TNG MC U T D N

VIII.1. C s lp tng mc u t Tng mc u t cho d n Trang tri chn nui b sa v b tht c lp da trn cc phng n trong h s thit k c s ca d n v cc cn c sau y :

- Lut Xy dng s 16/2003/QH11 ngy 26/11/2003 ca Quc Hi Nc Cng ho X hi Ch ngha Vit Nam;

- Lut thu thu nhp doanh nghip ca Quc Hi kha XII k hp th 3, s 14/2008/QH12 Ngy 03 thng 06 nm 2008 ;

- Ngh nh s 12/2009/N-CP ngy 12/2/2009 ca Chnh ph v vic Qun l d n u t v xy dng cng trnh;

- Ngh nh s 209/2004/N-CP ngy 16/12/2004 ca Chnh ph v vic Qun l cht lng cng trnh xy dng v Ngh nh s 49/2008/N-CP ngy 18/04/2008 ca Chnh ph v vic sa i b sung mt s iu ca Ngh nh 2009/2004/N-CP;

- Ngh nh s 99/2007/N-CP ngy 13/06/2009 ca Chnh ph v qun l chi ph u t xy dng cng trnh;

- Ngh nh s 123/2008/N-CP ngy 08/12/2008 ca Chnh ph quy nh chi tit thi hnh Lut thu gi tr gia tng;

- Ngh nh s 148/2004/N-CP ngy 23/07/2004 sa i, b sung Khon 1 iu 7 Ngh nh s 158/2003/N-CP;

- Thng t s 05/2007/TT-BXD ngy 27/05/2007 ca B Xy dng v vic Hng dn vic lp v qun l chi ph d n u t xy dng cng trnh;

- Thng t s 129/2008/TT-BTC ngy 26/12/2008 hng dn thi hnh Ngh nh s 123/2008/N-CP;

- Thng t 130/2008/TT-BTT ngy 26/12/2008 hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut Thu Thu Nhp Doanh Nghip.

- Thng t s 02/2007/TTBXD ngy 14/2/2007. Hng dn mt s ni dung v: lp, thm nh, ph duyt d n u t xy dng cng trnh; giy php xy dng v t chc qun l d n u t xy dng cng trnh;

- nh mc chi ph qun l d n v t vn u t xy dng km theo Quyt nh s 957/Q-BXD ngy 29/9/2009 ca B Xy dng;

- Thng t 33-2007-TT/BTC ca B Ti Chnh ngy 09 thng 04 nm 2007 hng dn quyt ton d n hon thnh thuc ngun vn nh nc;

- Thng t 203/2009/TT-BTC ca B Ti Chnh ngy 20 thng 10 nm 2010 hng dn ch qun l, s dng v trch khu hao ti sn c nh;

- Cc vn bn khc ca Nh nc lin quan n lp Tng mc u t, tng d ton v d ton cng trnh.

VIII.2. Ni dung tng mc u t VIII.2.1. Ni dung

Mc ch ca tng mc u t l tnh ton ton b chi ph u t xy dng D an trang tri chn nui b sa v b tht, lm c s lp k hoch v qun l vn u t, xc nh hiu qu u t ca d n.

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38


TRNG C V M

Tng mc u t ca d n l 64,445,100,000 ng (Su mi t t bn trm bn mi lm triu mt trm nghn ng) bao gm: Chi ph xy dng v lp t, Chi ph my mc thit b; Chi ph qun l d n; Chi ph t vn u t xy dng; Chi ph con ging; Chi ph san lp v gii phng mt bng; D phng ph v cc khon chi ph khc. Chi ph xy dng v lp t

Nhm to ra s an ton, thoi mi, d chu khi n ung ngh ngi, di chuyn v xut nhp b, ng thi to s an ton v thoi mi cho ngi chn nui trong vic qun l v nui dng. Ton b khu chn nui b sa v b tht c xy dng p ng c nhng yu cu chung thit k v phi hp cc b phn thnh mt h thng hon chnh. Chi ph xy dng bao gm cc hng mc c trnh by trong bng sau:

VT: VN

Hng mc Thnh tin trc thu

VAT Thnh tin sau

thu

H thng chung tri c bn 9,612,000,000 961,200,000 10,573,200,000

H thng ng c 727,272,727 72,727,273 800,000,000

H thng cung cp thc n 651,737,273 65,173,727 716,911,000

H thng cp nc 2,371,475,636 237,147,564 2,608,623,200

H thng chm sc v qun l b 1,355,696,364 135,569,636 1,491,266,000

H thng x l nc thi 2,637,322,727 263,732,273 2,901,055,000

H thng x l phn 3,566,715,455 356,671,545 3,923,387,000

Khu vc qun l kinh doanh 4,839,278,545 483,927,855 5,323,206,400

Khu vc bo qun sa 2,394,770,000 239,477,000 2,634,247,000

H thng cng+ tng ro 1,658,582,727 165,858,273 1,824,441,000

H thng ng in 636,363,636 63,636,364 700,000,000

TNG 30,451,215,091 3,045,121,509 33,496,336,600

(Cc hng mc chi tit c trnh by trong ph lc km theo)

Chi ph my mc thit b Chi ph mua my mc thit b phc v cho chn nui b sa v b tht bao gm :

VT : VN

Hng mc S

lng n

v n gi

Thnh tin trc thu

VAT Thnh tin

sau thu

My mc thit b chung

+ My ko 2 ci 8,750,000 15,909,091 1,590,909 17,500,000

+ My pht in 1 ci 209,000,000 190,000,000 19,000,000 209,000,000

+ Trm bin th 1 ci 185,000,000 168,181,818 16,818,182 185,000,000

H thng trng, chm sc c

+ My ct c 3 ci 98,000,000 267,272,727 26,727,273 294,000,000

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39


TRNG C V M

+ My bm c 1 ci 72,000,000 65,454,545 6,545,455 72,000,000

+ My cy John Deer 6000 1 My 145,000,000 131,818,182 13,181,818 145,000,000

+ H thng ti tiu cho c 1 T.B 255,000,000 231,818,182 23,181,818 255,000,000


+ Dng c ch bin thc n tinh

1 My 328,000,000 298,181,818 29,818,182 328,000,000

+ Dng c ch bin thc n th

1 My 345,000,000 313,636,364 31,363,636 345,000,000

+ My trn ri thc n 1 My 255,670,000 232,427,273 23,242,727 255,670,000

H thng cp nc

+ My bm nc 125W. A-130 JACK

4 Ci 2,340,000 8,509,091 850,909 9,360,000

H thng chm sc v qun l b

+ Thit b th y 1 T.B 36,000,000 32,727,273 3,272,727 36,000,000

+ Thit b nhp xut bn b 1 T.B 35,500,000 32,272,727 3,227,273 35,500,000

H thng x l phn

+ Thit

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