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qarTuli ena da
literatura7
moswavlis wigni
naTela maRlakeliZe, nana RonRaZe, Taia cxadaia, Tamar RonRaZe, darejan kvanWiani
moswavlis wigni
qarTuli enada
literatura
7
naTela maRlakeliZe, nana RonRaZe, Taia cxadaia,Tamar RonRaZe, darejan kvanWiani
gamomcemloba `meridiani~Tbilisi 2012
qarTuli ena da literatura
VII klasi
moswavlis wigni
© gamomcemloba `meridiani~, 2012
© n. maRlakeliZe, n. RonRaZe, T. cxadaia, T. RonRaZe, d. kvanWiani
naTela maRlakeliZe (jgufis xelmZRvaneli), nana RonRaZe,Taia cxadaia, Tamar RonRaZe, darejan kvanWiani
avtorebi:
nino Toduaredaqtori
daviT kutubiZedizaineri
N. Maglakelidze, N. Ghonghadze, T. Tskhadaia, T. Ghonghadze, D. Kvanchiani„Georgian language and literature~, textbook grade 7, in Georgian „Meridiani~ Publishing, Tbilisi _ 2012
ISBN
gamomcemloba `meridiani~,
Tbilisi, al. yazbegis gamz., #47. ( 2 30-96-14; 2 14-77-11
599 541 707 kaxaber rusiZe
E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]
4
sarCevi
fesvebi ........................................................................................................7
irakli abaSiZe _ xma katamonTan ........................................................................ 8
iakob gogebaSvili _ burji erovnebisa (nawyveti) .................................... 11
mixeil javaxiSvili _ miwis yivili .................................................................. 14
manana salaZe _ qarTveli emigrantis cremlnarevi interviu........... 46
galaktion tabiZe _ Sindisis Wadrebs ............................................................. 54
nodar dumbaZe _ HELLADOS ................................................................................ 57
nodar dumbaZe _ samSoblo ................................................................................... 78
`vis hqvia patrioti?~ ..............................................................................81
ilia WavWavaZe _ bazaleTis tba .......................................................................... 83
akaki wereTeli _ ganTiadi .................................................................................... 88
akaki wereTeli _ suliko ....................................................................................... 92
vaJa-fSavela _ damsetyve cao, damsetyve (simRera) ................................. 97
murman lebaniZe _ odesme didi yofila saqarTvelo…................... 101
SoTa niSnianiZe _ cotne dadiani ....................................................................... 107
sergo kldiaSvili _ erisTavi cotne .............................................................. 111
iakob gogebaSvili _ Sinauri mimoxilva ....................................................... 118
`isev golgoTa, sisxli da cremli...~ ..................................................121
kolau nadiraZe _ 25 Tebervali ......................................................................... 122
mixeil basilaZe _ daumarcxebeli aseuli (SemoklebiT) ..................... 126
mirza gelovani _ nu mwer ...................................................................................... 132
nugzar SataiZe _ mogzauroba afrikaSi ......................................................... 137
`mamebi da Svilebi~ ..................................................................................165
revaz inaniSvili _ Citebis gamomzamTrebeli ............................................ 166
guram doCanaSvili _ mTis gadaRma ................................................................... 173
Cesterfildi _ werilebi vaJiSvils (Targmna b. miqelaZem) ................ 182
gi de mopasani _ mindvrebSi (Targmna n. cagarelma) ................................ 188
5
`aqeT ki marto saxeli gvrCeba~ ...........................................................197
otia ioseliani _ epitafia ................................................................................... 199
sergo kldiaSvili _ ZvelTaZveli ambavi ..................................................... 205
goderZi Coxeli _ wertili da mZime ................................................................ 208
winaparTa Segonebani .............................................................................213
nodar dumbaZe _ Cemi rusTaveli (nawyveti) ................................................. 214
SoTa rusTaveli _ Sairoba (nawyveti) .............................................................. 218
daviT guramiSvili _ dinari (`patara qalo Tinaos~
sanacvlod samRerali)............................................................................................ 220
ilia WavWavaZe _ `Cveni exlandeli sibrZne-sicrue~ .............................. 222
sulxan-saba orbeliani _ sibrZne sicruisa (igavebi)
motirali da mocinari .................................................................................... 228
kaci da gveli ........................................................................................................ 231
`puri mTxova da vaWmie...~ .......................................................................235
xalxuri _ leqsi vefxvisa da moymisa ............................................................. 236
xalxuri _ Semomeyara yivCaRi ............................................................................. 240
keisris magistrosi .................................................................................................. 242
maTes saxareba (amonaridi) .................................................................................... 244
jek londoni _ mawanwala da feria .................................................................. 247
revaz inaniSvili _ kedeli .................................................................................... 261
nodar dumbaZe _ korida ......................................................................................... 264
muxran maWavariani _ Sen _ sisxlo Cemo... ........................................................... 273
6
aq warmodgenilia qarTuli enis gramatikis ZiriTadi cnebebi, romelTa
codna dagexmarebaT marTlmetyvelebasa da marTl weraSi.
am rubrikaSi gaecnobiT Seswavlil masalasTan dakavSirebul damatebiT informacias.
Tvalsazrisi:
es pirobiTi niSani gulisxmobs enobrivi xasi-aTis savarjiSoebs.
es simbolo miganiSnebT, rom damoukideblad SeadginoT (SeTxzaT) werilobiTi teqsti.
am simboloTi aRniSnulia `sadiskusio klubi~, romlis mizania iswavloT sakuTari mosazrebebis gamoTqma da argumen-tireba.
pirobiTi niSnebi:
gavigoT: gaviazroT:
sityvis salaro:
SevafasoT:
enobriv masalaze dakvirveba:
mSobliuri enis samyaroSi
wigniT muSaobisas yuradReba miaqcieT Semdeg pirobiT niSnebs:
aq axsnilia is sityvebi da gamoTqmebi, romlebic teqstis kiTxvisas Tqven-Tvis SeiZleba gaugebari aRmoCndes.
am pirobiTi niSnebiT aRniSnulia sxvadasxva tipis kiTxvebi, romlebic da-lagebulia TanmimdevrobiT da dagexmarebaT wakiTxuli teqstis gaanalizebaSi.
es rubrika miznad isaxavs teqstis enobriv-gamomsaxvelobiT mxa reze dak-virvebas.
davaleba
es sainteresoa:
am rubrikiT gaecnobiT amonaridebs cnobili kritikosebis naazrevidan.
7
1
f e s v e b i
SoTa rusTavelis freskaierusalimis jvris monasterSi
8
fesvebi1.irakli abaSiZe (1909-1992) _ cnobili qarTveli po-
eti. 1960 w-s monawileobda palestinis samecniero eqspe-diciaSi, romelmac miakvlia SoTa rusTavelis freskas. am eqspediciam STaagona poeti, daewera rusTavelisadmi miZ-Rvnili leqsebis cikli „palestina, palestina _ rusTave-lis nakvalevze~, romlis gamoc rusTavelis premia mieni-Wa. swored am ciklidan gaxlavT amoRebuli misi es leqsi _ `xma katamonTan~. kata moni adgilis saxelwodebaa pales-
tinaSi, jvris mo nastris maxloblad. gadmocemis mixedviT, aq gaatara sicocx-lis bolo wlebi SoTa rusTavelma da aqve aResrula. irakli abaSiZis poeturi warmosaxviT, am leqsSi didi SoTa himns uZRvnis mSobliur enas.
o, enav Cemo,dedao enav,Sen, Cveno niWo,srbolav da frenav,Sen, Cveni sunTqvis dido alamo,Sen, WirTa CvenTa tkbilo malamo,Sen, kiro CvenTa qvaTa da kirTa,Sen erTi SemrCi samaris pirTan.
naTesavs aTass,megobars aTass, mrudsa da marTals,mterTa da ZmaTadavSordi. morCa,yvela moTavda;mSvidoba vuTxar yvela mokvdavTa,mxolod Sen ukvdavs,mxolod Sen marads,Sen _ erTs,Sen ver gTmobsamaris karad.
Tu ram mze mwamda,Tu ram mze mwvavda,utkbiles dReTa,utkbiles wamTa,utkbesi Sen xar, enav dedao,Sen, mware lxino,tkbilo sevdao,Sen, yovlis mTqmelo,yovlis armTqmelo,Sen, gmirTa gmiro,
brZeno qarTvelo,warsulis Zeglo, win gamxedavo.
qvesknelSi mZromo,caSi mWvretelo,xan _ funjo Cemo, xan _ saWreTelo,Sen, akvnis himno, cremlo samaris...iberis enav,enav Tamaris...Sen, niWo Cemo,srbolav da frenav,dedao enav, dedao enav!
daeces iqneb simagre yvela,moisras iqneb, yvela yma velad,daedos mtveri yvela did xsovnas,daakvdes azri napovnis povnas,yovel nergs, iqneb, daatydes mexi,yovel Zegls, iqneb, daedgas fexi,mxolod Sen, uWknobs, Sen, xatad qceuls,ra dro, ra dascems Sens ukvdav sxeuls?
o, enav Cemo,dedao enav,Sen, Cemo niWo,srbolav da frenav,Sen, Cveni sunTqvis dido alamo,Sen, WirTa CvenTa tkbilo malamo,Sen, kiro CvenTa qvaTa da kirTa,Sen erTs, Sen ver gTmob samaris pirTan.
xma katamonTanirakli abaSiZe
9
kiri _ kirqvis gamowviT miRebuli TeTri nivTiereba, romelsac farTod iyeneben mSeneblobaSi nagebobis simtkicisTvis.mrude _ gaRunuli, gaxrili, araswori; aq: mtyuani, araswori. mokvdavi _ cocxali arseba; is, visac, rasac sikvdili ar ascdeba.saWreTeli _ xis amosaWreli sadurglo iaraRi.himni _ aq: sadidebeli, sagalobeli.iberi _ iberiis (Zveli aRmosavleT saqarTvelos) ZiriTadi mosaxleoba. srbola _ sirbili, rbena; aq: aRmafrena.moisras _ amowydes, daixocos.
sityvis salaro:
italieli arqeologis, virjilio korbos, mier iudas udabnoSi (palestina) 1952 wels aRmoCenili qarTuli monastris warwerebi miCneulia uZvelesad dRemde
cnobil qarTul warweraTa Soris (giorgi wereTeli).
gavigoT:
• visi gancdebia leqsSi gadmocemuli _ vin aris lirikuli gmiri?• ras uZRvnis poeti am leqss?• raze wuxs igi?• bolomde ra SerCa `samaris pirTan~ mdgar poets? ras ver Tmobs igi?• `Sen, akvnis himno, cremlo samaris~, _ vkiTxulobT leqsSi. Tqveni az-
riT, ra igulisxmeba `akvnis himnSi~? `samaris cremlSi~?
gaviazroT:
• leqsSi gamoxatulia samSoblos mocilebuli poetis gancdebi. gansa-kuTrebiT ra awuxebs mas? sad, romel striqonebSi, Cans es wuxili yvelaze metad?
• ra anugeSebs poets? • `Sen, kiro Cveno qvaTa da kirTa~, _ am striqonSi rasTan aris Sedare-
buli mSobliuri ena? rogor fiqrobT, ratom iyenebs aq am mxatvrul xerxs poeti? risi Cveneba surs mas?
• moZebneT leqsSi sxva mxatvruli xerxebic, romlebiTac mSobliur enas amkobs poeti.
10
fesvebi1.SevafasoT:
• ra damokidebuleba aqvs poets mSobliuri enis mimarT?• poetis ra ganwyoba Cans leqsSi? • ra ganwyobiT unda wavikiTxoT igi? leqsis kiTxvisas romel striqonebs
gamoyofdiT maxviliT? ratom?
enobriv masalaze dakvirveba:
• leqsis mixedviT, mSobliuri ena maradiuli Rirebulebaa. moZebneT da waikiTxeT saTanado striqonebi.
• romel enas miiCnevs lirikuli gmiri Tavis dedaenad? • rogor fiqrobT, romel enas uwodeben dedaenas?• ra hqvia dedaenas rusulad? inglisurad? germanulad? frangulad?
gaixseneT, ra Sesatyvisebi aqvT am enebs dedaenis gamosaxatavad.
daimaxsovreT:
dedaena aris is ena, romliTac bavSvi iwyebs metyvelebas, romelic mas esmis mSoblebisagan da axloblebisagan.
• romeli enaa Tqveni dedaena? ratom migaCniaT es ena dedaenad?• dedaenis garda, kidev romel enebs swavlobT?• `deda ena~ qarTuli anbanis saxelmZRvanelosac uwodes. vin aris am
wignis avtori? rogor fiqrobT, ratom SearCia man am wignisaTvis es saxelwodeba? ra iciT mis Sesaxeb?
gaixseneT:
• ra gsmeniaT da wagikiTxavT iakob gogebaSvilis Sesaxeb? imsjeleT, ra Rvawli miuZRvis mas qarTuli enis ganmtkicebisa da ganviTa-rebis saqmeSi.
`dedaena... rodi hgavs tanisamossa, romlis gamocvla advilad da
uvneblad SeiZleba. mas aqvs Rrmad gamdgari fesvebi adamianis tvinSi,
nervebSi, xmis organoebSi, Zvalsa da rbilSi, mTels mis bunebaSi.~
(i. gogebaSvili)
mSobliuri enis samyaroSi
11
iakob gogebaSvili (1840_1912) _ cnobili qarTveli pedagogi da sazogado moRvawe, publicisti da sabavSvo mwerali. yoveli qarTvelis cnobierebaSi misi saxeli uka-vSirdeba Cvens pirvel saxelmZRvaneloebs, usayvarles wignebs _ `dedaenasa~ da `bunebis kars~ .
gTavazobT nawyvets misi publicisturi statiidan, romelSic dedaenis _ mSobliuri enis mniSvnelobazea saubari.
`burji erovnebisa~(nawyveti)
iakob gogebaSvili
Tu msoflio istorias gadavaTvalierebT, iqac vipoviT damtkicebas im azrisas, rom zurgis Seqceva deda-enisa didad vnebs xalxs, aqveiTebs da ukan swevs... eris gadagvareba da gaqroba marto mis kerZo ubedurebas rodi Seadgens: igi namdvili danaklisia TviT kacobriobisaTvis, romelsac amiT akldeba Tavisi nawili anu wevri; uSreba erTi Tavisi im wyaroTagani, romelnic avseben SeerTebulad kulturis msoflio zRvasa. erTma warCine-bulma mwe ralma kacobrioba daadara mgalobelTa did gunds, xorosa, rom-lis harmonia mxolod maSin aris savse da sruli, rodesac yvela xalxi, Tavi-si Sesabamisi xmiT, iRebs monawileobas msoflio RaRadisSi. Sewyda romelime eris xma? gaRaribda kacobriobis xoros harmonia, Sesustda msoflio RaRa-disi, da naklulda zRva Taviseburebisa, moaklda erTi Taviseburi lali kacobriobis kulturis didebul salarosa.
publicisti _ mwerali, romelic publicistur werilebs wers; publicis-tika _ sazogadoebriv-politikuri xasiaTis literatura Tanamedroveobis mniSvnelovan, saWirboroto sakiTxebze.statia _ krebulSi, JurnalSi an gazeTSi moTavsebuli mcire moculobis publicisturi an mecnieruli werili, naSromi.kerZo _ calkeuli piris kuTvnili, piradi.xoro _ igivea, rac qoro (berZn.) _ mgalobelTa gundi.harmonia _ risame mwyobri SeTanxmeba, Sexameba.RaRadisi _ igivea, rac RaRadi, xmamaRla Tqmuli mowodeba. xalxisadmi mimar-Tuli xmamaRali xvewna, mudara. msoflio RaRadisi _ aq: mTeli msoflios, kacobriobis, kulturuli monapovari, miRweva, winsvla, ganviTareba.lali _ wiTeli feris Zvirfasi qva.
sityvis salaro:
gavigoT:
• ras mowmobs msoflios istoria? • statiis avtoris azriT, ra ziani moaqvs mSobliuri enisaTvis zurgis
Seqcevas?• eris gadagvareba rogor ubedurebad miaCnia mwerals?• ratom miaCnia eris gadagvareba mas kacobriobis danaklisad?• statiis mixedviT, ra kvebavs `kulturis msoflio zRvas~?
12
fesvebi1.gaviazroT:
• ras aris Sedarebuli kacobrioba? TiToeuli eri?• rogor monawileobs TiToeuli xalxi `mgalobelTa gundSi~?• ras uwodebs mwerali `kacobriobis xoros harmonias~?• ra wvlili Seaqvs masSi TiToeul ersa da enas?• rodis Raribdeba `kacobriobis xoros harmonia~?
SevafasoT:
• statias, romlidanac gaxlavT es nawyveti amoRebuli, `burji erovnebisa~ ewodeba. am nawyvetis mixedviT, Tu SegiZliaT gansazRv-roT, ra miaCnia mwerals erovnebis burjad?
enobriv masalaze dakvirveba:
`moaklda erTi Taviseburi lali kacobriobis kulturis didebul salarosa~, _ ras gulisxmobs mwerali xazgasmul sityvaSi? ra mxat-vrul xerxs iyenebs igi?
yuradRebiT waikiTxeT teqsti da gaarkvieT, kidev romel mxatvrul xerxebs iyenebs mwerali.
gaixseneT:• risTvis iyneben adamianebi enas? risi saSualebiT gamoxataven isi-
ni TavianT azrebs? rogor amyareben erTmaneTTan urTierTobas? • msoflios romel enebs gaixsenebT? maTgan romeli enebia Cvens
qveyanaSi _ saqarTveloSi _ gavrcelebuli?• romeli ena aerTianebs Cveni qveynis yvela mcxovrebs? romelia
Cveni qveynis saxelmwifo ena?
daimaxsovreT:
qarTuli ena Cveni qveynis _ saqarTvelos _ saxelmwifo enaa.
daimaxsovreT:
Cvenamde moRweuli uZvelesi literaturuli Zegli `SuSanikis wa-me ba~ V saukuneSia dawerili. qarTuli ena uZvelesi samwerlobo, sali-te raturo enaa. qarTuli saqarTvelos mosaxleobis udidesi nawili-saTvis dedaenac aris.
• Tu iciT, romel saukuneSi Seiqmna pirveli literaturuli Zeg li, romelmac Cvenamde moaRwia?
mSobliuri enis samyaroSi
