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maswavleblis wigni

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qarTuli ena da literatura

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maswavleblis wigni

3

maswavleblis wignis struqtura

I. saxelmZRvanelos koncefcia 4

II. informacia saxelmZRvanelosa da `aqtivobebis rveulis~ gamoyenebis

Sesaxeb 5

III. meToduri miTiTebani `maswavleblis wignis~ gamosayeneblad 6

IV. pirobiTi niSnebis axsna 7

V. erovnuli saswavlo gegma 8

VI sanimuSo scenarebi 15

VII. mdgradi ganviTarebis miznebi 52

miznebisa da Sedegebis ruka 54

4

I. saxelmZRvanelos koncefcia

me-2 klasis qarTuli enisa da litera-

turis saswavlo kompleqti Sedgeba sami

wignisagan: a) moswavlis wigni, b) aqtivobebis

rveuli, g) maswavleblis wigni.

winamdebare kompleqtSi asaxva pova im

siaxleebma, romlebic gaTvaliswinebulia

dawyebiTi klasebis axali erovnuli saswav-

lo gegmis mixedviT. kompleqtis samive wigni

arsebiTad gadamuSavda, Seivso da ramdenadme

Seicvala.ganaxlda sakiTxavi teqstebis ko-

rpusi da Tematika, savarjiSoTa sistema,

meToduri aparati...

am etapze ZiriTadi sametyvelo kompeten-

ciebis formireba emyareba sakiTxav masalas.

es aris rogorc mxatvruli, ise aramxat-

vruli (martivi dargobrivi, sainformacio,

aRweriTi xasiaTis) teqstebi, romelTa miza-

nia, erTi mxriv, Sesaswavli masalis gageba,

gaazreba da Sefaseba, meore mxriv _ enis

komunikaciuri aspeqtebis (zepirmetyveleba,

kiTxva, wera) daufleba. yovelive ki mimar-

Tulia meore klasis moswavleebSi iseTi

unar-Cvevebis Camoyalibebisaken, rogoricaa:

• sxvadasxva tipis teqstebis mosmena,

wakiTxva da maTi Sinaarsis gadmocema;

• maTTvis nacnob Temebze sxvadasxva xa-

siaTis teqstebis gamarTulad wera;

• kiTxvis ZiriTadi strategiebis da-

ufleba;

• mosmenili an wakiTxuli mxatvruli

nawarmoebis dakavSireba pirad gamocdile-

basTan;

• moqmedi piris saqcielis Sefaseba;

• mxatvrul-gamomsaxvelobiTi xerxebis

amocnoba (terminis gareSe) da maTi funqciis

axsna;

• sakuTari interesebis mixedviT sakiTx-

avi literaturis SerCeva;

• teqstebis kiTxva-damuSavebisas martivi

lingvisturi kompetenciebis praqtikulad

formireba...

sakiTxavi teqstebis SerCevisas vxelmZR-

vanelobdiT rogorc maTi wminda saganmana-

Tleblo, ise _ aRmzrdelobiTi funqciebiT.

rogorc cnobilia, sabavSvo literatura

pedagogikisa da mwerlobis Taviseburi naza-

via. pirvel rigSi igi unda iyos am asakis

bavSvebisaTvis saintereso, hqondes martivi

siuJeti, nawarmoebis ena unda iyos mar-

tivi, sada da amave dros maRalmxatvruli.

sakiTxavi teqsti am etapze sam ZiriTad

moTxovnas unda akmayofilebdes: iyos a) fa-

seulobiT Rirebulebebze orientirebuli, b)

moswavlisaTvis saintereso da g) mxatvruli

TvalsazrisiT gamarTuli. unda iTqvas, rom

Tanamedrove qarTuli sabavSvo mwerloba am

mxriv maincdamainc ar gaxlavT ganebivre-

buli da teqstebis SerCevisas ramdenadme

Wirs am samive principis dacva.

pirvel klasSi moswavle ukve met-nak-

lebad daeufla swori kiTxvis Cvevebs, mag-

ram moswavleTa erT nawils jer kidev uWirs

asoebis marcvlebad, marcvlebis sityvebad

gamTlianeba, jer kidev ar aqvs sityvis deko-

direbis Cveva. amitom meore klasSi kiTxvis

swavlebisas muSaoba am mimarTulebiT kv-

lavac grZeldeba, raTa bavSvebi sabolood

daeuflon gawafuli kiTxvis Cvevas.

kvlavac grZeldeba kaligrafiul Cveve-

bze muSaoba. tradiciuli gagebiT, kaligra-

fia lamazad weras niSnavs. dRes man sxva

datvirTva SeiZina da pirvel rigSi gulisx-

mobs swori, marTebuli, erTiani sazogado

xelis Camoyalibebas. saswavlo wlis pirvel

naxevarSi maswavlebels vTavazobT orxazian

badeSi weras, rac mas, Cveni azriT, gauad-

vilebs meore semestridan calxazian badeSi

gadasvlas (Tumca aq Cven maswavlebels ar

vzRudavT da vutovebT Tavisufali arCev-

anis uflebas).

kaligrafia weris mxolod garegnuli

mxarea. mTavaria, moswavle daeuflos Tavisi

naazrevis werilobiTi formiT gadmocemas.

am mizniT maswavlebels vTavazobT mraval-

ferovan weriT savarjiSoebs.

rac Seexeba lingvisturi alRos gamo-

muSavebas, martivi gramatikuli cnebebis

formirebas, vfiqrobT, rom am etapze igi

unda moxdes mxolod praqtikuli gziT,

sakiTxav masalasTan mWidro kavSirSi, sa-

Tanado terminebis miwodebis gareSe. am

5

etapze moswavle jer kidev ar aris mzad

gramatikuli cnebis formirebisa da ganzo-

gadebisaTvis.

wina planze wamoiwia e. w. gamWolma kom-

petenciebma~. ra Tqma unda, qarTuli enisa da

literaturis swavlebisas ZiriTadi da arse-

biTi moswavleTa saerTo wignierebaa. aq Cven

vgulisxmobT ara mxolod zepirmetyvelebis,

mosmenis, kiTxvis, weris unarebis (tradici-

uli gagebiT) formirebas, aramed informa-

ciis damuSavebis, kritikuli azrovnebis,

problemis damoukideblad gadaWris unar-

sac. rac Seexeba sxva gamWol kompetenciebs,

es calkeul teqstebTan dakavSirebiT aris

miTiTebuli.

aseve erTgvari siaxlea Sefasebis ru-

brikebic, romelTac `maswavleblis wignSi~

ixilavT.

maswavleblis wignSi Setanilia davale-

bebi ist-is gamoyenebiT. savarjiSoebi war-

modgenilia gakveTilis gegmebSi bmulebis

saxiT. maswavleblebs SeuZliaT davalebis

CamotvirTva da bukSi gadagzavna moswav-

leebisaTvis, warmodgenilia saitze damza-

debuli eleqtronuli TamaSebi, saiti saSu-

alebas iZleva maswavleblebma moamzadon

axali analogiuri savarjiSoebi da eleqtro-

nuli wignebis Seqmna. (mocemulia rekomen-

daciebi eleqtronuli wignis Sesaqmnelad).

erTgvar siaxled moCans gakveTilis

miznebisa da Sedegebis urTierTkavSirSi

warmodgenac.

maswavleblis wignSi warmodgenilia

diferencirebuli midgomis magaliTi.

II. informacia saxelmZRvanelosa

da `aqtivobebis rveulis~

gamoyenebis Sesaxeb

II. 1. moswavlis wignSi teqstebi dalage-

bulia Tematurad. sul warmodgenilia 59

teqsti, romlebic gaerTianebulia 13 Tema-

tur blokSi.

enobrivi da literaturuli masalis

swavleba xdeba integrirebulad da emyareba

sakiTxav teqsts, romelic damuSavebulia

Semdegi rubrikebiT:

a) kiTxvisaTvis mzadeba _ misi daniSnu-

lebaa klasis momzadeba axali masalis

asaxsnelad, moswavleTa provocireba da

daintereseba. es SeiZleba iyos `gonebrivi

ieriSis ruka~, saTanado videofilmebis naxva

da multimedia teqstebi, sakiTxavi teqstis

sakvanZo sityvebis gacnoba da asociaciuri

rukis~ Sedgena maTi gamoyenebiT, sayrden

sityvebze/andazis mixedviT zepiri teqstis

ageba, ilustraciis mixedviT zepiri teqstis

Sedgena, aqtivoba _ ra vici me mocemuli

sakiTxis Sesaxeb... yvela am aqtivobis miza-

nia kiTxvis dawyebamde klasisTvis saTanado

ganwyobis Seqmna.

b) sakiTxavi teqsti _ am mizniT SerCeulia

sxvadasxva Janris literaturuli teqstebi:

moTxrobebi, zRaprebi, leqsebi, igav-arakebi...

aseve martivi aRweriTi teqstebi. mxatvruli

teqstebis SerCevisas vecadeT dagvecva Jan-

robrivi mravalferovneba, rac Seexeba martiv

dargobriv teqstebs, isini am etapze ZiriTa-

dad sabunebismetyvelo xasiaTisaa.

g) sityvis salaro _ aq ganmartebulia

teqstSi gamoyenebuli ucxo sityvebi, rom-

lebic sakiTxav masalaSi muqi SriftiT

aris awyobili. es uadvilebs moswavles

maT fiqsacias. maswavleblis sayuradRebod

gvinda aRvniSnoT, rom garda am fiqsirebuli

leqsikuri erTeulebisa, romlebic klasis

didi nawilisaTvis savaraudod ucxoa, SeiZ-

leba Segvxvdes iseTi sityvebic, romlebic

calkeuli moswavleebisaTvis aris gauge-

bari. maTi erTi nawilis mniSvneloba gasagebi

xdeba konteqstiT, zogi maTganis axsna ki

maswavlebels damoukideblad mouxdeba.

d) ifiqre _ saxelmZRvaneloSi aRniSnu-

lia pirobiTi niSniT da gulisxmobs rogorc

pirveli donis kiTxvebze (eqsplicituri ma-

sala) pasuxebis gacemas teqstis gamoyenebiT,

aseve `striqonebs Soris~ kiTxvas, wakiTxu-

lis gaazrebasa da analizs (implicituri

masala).

6

e) gaakeTe daskvna _ moiTxovs wakiTxu-

lidan saTanado daskvnebis gamotanasa da

dasabuTebas. gvinda aRvniSnoT, rom es ar

gaxlavT daxuruli tipis testuri davaleba

erTaderTi swori pasuxiT. aq mocemuli

variantebidan moswavle irCevs erTs, ro-

melic misTvis misaRebia da aucileblad

asabuTebs Tavis azrs. Tu arc erTi pasuxi

ar aris misTvis misaRebi, asaxelebs alter-

natiul variants. vfiqrobT, msgavsi tipis

aqtivoba xels Seuwyobs rogorc moswavleTa

mier wakiTxulis gaazrebas, aseve damoukide-

beli azrovnebis formirebas.

v) enaze dakvirveba _ aq gaanalizebu lia

enis sakiTxebi sakiTxav masalasTan mWidro

kavSirSi, axlavs saTanado wesebi da ganmarte-

bebi. maqsimalurad vecadeT Segvemcirebina

wesebisa da terminebis raodenoba. migvaCnia,

rom wesis codna ar aris TviTmizani; miza-

nia, moswavlem sworad SeZlos misi gamoy-

eneba zepirsa Tu weriT metyvelebaSi. sadac

aucileblad CavTvaleT wesis gamoyofa,

SemovitaneT rubrika: daimaxsovreT.

z) andaza/gamocana _ axlavs zogierT

teqsts da maTi mizania daexmaros moswavles

wakiTxuli masalis gagebasa da gaazrebaSi.

II. 2. ZiriTadi saxelmZRvanelos or-

ganul nawilsa da aucilebel damatebas

warmoadgens `moswavlis rveuli~, romelic

faqtobrivad savarjiSoebisa da testebis

krebuls warmoadgens. igi emsaxureba im

codnis sistematizaciasa da gaRrmavebas,

rac moswavleebma aRniSnul TemasTan da-

kavSirebiT ZiriTadi saxelmZRvanelodan

miiRes. savarjiSoebis didi nawili werilo-

biTi xasiaTisaa da aqve, am rveulSi, iwereba.

TiToeul teqstTan dakavSirebiT mocemulia

4-5 davaleba, romelTagan zogi maswavleblis

zedamxedvelobiT klasSi sruldeba, zogi

ki Sin damoukidebeli muSaobisaTvis aris

gankuTvnili. gakveTilebis scenarebSi Cven

savaraudod mivuTiTeT klasSi da Sin Sesas-

rulebeli davalebebi, magram maswavlebels

SeuZlia garkveuli cvlilebebis Setana.

weras TiToeul gakveTilze daaxloebiT 5-12

wuTi eTmoba.

`rveulSi~ warmodgenili davalebebi

mravalferovania. aq aris logikuri, leqsi-

kur-frazeologiuri, orTografiuli, pun-

qtuaciuri, stilisturi savarjiSoebi, rom-

lebic Seswavlil teqstTan mWidro kavSirSia

da miznad isaxavs weriTi metyvelebis unar-

Cvevebis gamomuSavebas. aq naxavT davale-

bebs rogorc individualuri, ise wyvilebSi

muSaobisaTvis, rac aRniSnulia saTanado

pirobiTi niSniT. aqvea rubrika `Seamowme

Seni Tavi~ (testebi), rac aucileblad indi-

vidualurad unda Sesruldes (magram fron-

talurad gaanalizdes). `testebis~ pasuxebi

`maswavleblis wignSia~ mocemuli.

rveulSi saswavlo wlis pirvel naxevarSi

gamoyenebulia orxaziani bade, xolo II nax-

evridan ki _ calxaziani. es Tavidan gvaci-

lebs im sirTuleebs, rac oTxxaziani badi-

dan calxazianSi ucabed gadasvlas axlavs

Tan. aqve gaTvaliswinebulia kaligrafiuli

savarjiSoebic (aRniSnulia saTanado simbo-

loTi) _ xelnaweri asoebi da asoTa gadabmis

ZiriTadi jgufebi, romelTa codna saWiroa

xelnaweris wasakiTxad, agreTve _ saTanado

grafikuli Cvevebis gamosamuSaveblad. es sa-

varjiSoebi sruldeba klasSi, maswavleblis

daxmarebiT. xelnaweri asoebisa da asoTa gad-

abmebis gacnobas unda hqondes informaciuli

xasiaTi, moswavles Tavad unda davutovoT

SemdgomSi werisas maTi gamoyenebis ufleba.

dasWirdeba Tu ara maswavlebels sxva

damatebiTi rveuli erovnuli saswavlo

gegmiT dasaxuli miznebis misaRwevad _ es

Tavad misi gadasawyvetia.

III. meToduri miTiTebani

`maswavleblis wignis~

gamosayeneblad

maswavleblis wigni~ mxolod meToduri

orientiria pedagogisaTvis, igi ar war-

7

moadgens dogmas da ara aqvs instruqciis

xasiaTi. pedagogs SeuZlia misi Secvla, adap-

tireba sakuTari gamocdilebisa da klasis

saerTo donis gaTvaliswinebiT. avtorebis

mizania maswavleblisaTvis rCevebis, meTo-

duri rekomendaciebis micema da ara misi

SezRudva. Cven gvjera, rom pedagogebi mas

SemoqmedebiTad gamoiyeneben.

rogorc cnobilia, erovnuli saswavlo

gegmis mixedviT, II klasSi qarTulis, rogorc

mSobliuri enis, swavlebisaTvis gamoyo-

filia 7 kvireuli saaTi. aqedan maswavlebels

vTavazobT 6 kvireuli saaTis dagegmvas,

xolo me-7 saaTs vutovebT alternatiuli

muSaobisaTvis. maswavlebels SeuZlia am saa-

Tis gamoyeneba sakuTari Sexedulebisamebr,

Tumca garkveul rekomendaciebs zogjer

aqac vTavazobT Tematuri gakveTilebis

saxiT. TiToeuli teqstis kiTxva-damuSavebas

eTmoba 2-4 akademiuri saaTi. es saaTebi

calkea gamoyofili da gakveTilebis saxiT

warmodgenili. ra Tqma unda, saaTebis

amgvari ganawileba saorientacioa da maswav-

lebels nebismier SemTxvevaSi SeuZlia maTi

gazrda, Semcireba, gadanacvleba sakuTari

Sexedulebisamebr.

madloba gvinda gadavuxadoT saqarT ve-

los dawyebiTi ganaTlebis proeqts (G-PRIED).

saskolo praqtikaze dakvirvebam gviCvena, rom

pedagogebi muSaobisas xSirad mimarTaven am

organizaciis mier SemoTavazebul aqtivo-

bebs, vizualur sqemebsa da grafikul orga-

nizatorebs. Cvenc Cveni muSaobisas vecadeT,

SemoqmedebiTad gamogveyenebina isini.

IV. pirobiTi niSnebis axsna