rdcH iajdêm;Hfha iSud(

úistla jk ishjfia wdrlaId lsrSu i|yd we;s j.lSu

wgjk kS,ka ;srefp,ajï iure foaYkh

.er;a tjkaia

nKavdrkdhl wkqiaurK cd;Hka;r iusuka;%K Yd,dj - fld<U

2007 cQ,s 29 jk osk

kS,ka ;srefp,ajï >d;kfhys wgjk ixj;airh jk wo Èk ñka fmr ljr Èklg;a

jvd YS% ,dxlslhka fukau mq¿,a cd;Hka;r m%cdj o Tyq isysm;a lsrSug;a Tyqf.a

Ôú;fhka iy Tyq ,nd.;a ld¾h idOkfhkq;a h<s W;af;ackh úh hq;=j ;sfí' Tyqf.a

w;s jsIsYaG nqoaOsfhka iy oekqfuka o, Tyqf.a wmrus; Yla;sfhka o, Tyqf.a foaYmd,k

lemjSfuka o iy Tyqf.a iqNjdoS nfjka o wmg ;j ÿrg;a Rcqj m%fhdack .; fkdyels

kuq;a Tyq ;ekQ wdh;k o Tyqf.a woyia iy Tyq ;=< jq nqoaOsuh iy m%;sm;a;suh

foaYmd,k{hd wmg fokq ,enQ wdo¾Yhka ;ju;a wm w;r cSjudkj mj;S'

kS,ka w;s jsYsIaG wdh;k ;kkakl= jsh. Tyq f.dv keÕ+ wdh;k w;=frka jvd;a m%isoaOj

we;af;a wo fï rd;%sfha i;aldrl wdh;k jk j¾;udkfha wdpd¾h rdud ukS úiska b;d

olaI f,iska fukau mßl,amkuh úplaIK Ndjhlska hq;=j;a fufyhjkq ,nk

ckjd¾.sl wOHhkh ms<sn| cd;Hka;r flakaøh ^International Centre for Ethnic Studies&

iy kS;sh iy iudc Ndrh ^Law & Society Trust& hk wdh;k folhs' fuu wdh;k

folu YS% ,xldj yd ol=Kq wdishdj ;=< muKla fkdj f,dalh mqrd nqoaêuh jYfhka

fukau foaYmd,kuh jYfhka ish i<l=Kq ;nd,Sug iu;a j ;sfí' Bg wu;rj kS,ka

rdcH NdId fldusIka iNdj, udkj ysuslï ldrH idOl n,ldh iy miqj udkj ysuslï

fldusIka iNdj hk fmdÿ wdh;k fukau" oeka Tyqf.a ìß| jk is;a;s úiska fufyhjkq

,nk ;srefp,ajï iud.u kï iajlSh w.%.kH kS;s iud.u o f.dvke.Sfï § jeo.;a

jev fldgila bgq fldg we;' wdh;k f.dv kÕd tajd ukdj mj;ajdf.k hdug Tyqg

yels jQfha ;uka ;=< mek keÕ=Kq m%nqoaO woyia iy fjfyi fkdn,d jev lsÍfï

yelshdj ksidu muKlau fkdj Bg wu;rj wkHhkag" úfYaIfhka u ;reK m%cdjg

ieÕjqkq yelshdjka fmkajd oS ta flfrys Tjqkaf.a jsYajdih we;s fldg ta ms<sn|j

jevlsrSug wjeis osrsoSuz ,nd oSug Tyq i;= jQ yelshdjo thg fya;= jsh.

1

ienjskau uq,slj f.dvke.sh hq;= jevodhl wdh;kh f,i Tyq ie,l=fjz .egquz yd

wr., m%pKav;ajfhka fkdj kS;sfhka, m%cd;ka;%jdoS m%jdyh iy M<odhS md,k wdlD;Ska

yryd ishMZ fokdf.a whs;Ska yd wfmaCIdjka iq/lskq ,enQ YsIaG iumkak rdcHhls. w;s

jsYsIaG jHjia:d lghq;= ms<sn| kS;S{fhl= f,i f,dal m%isoaO jQ kS,ka lilia:dkh, b;sfhdamshdj yd fkamd,h wdoS rgj,aj, jHjia:d iïmdok ls%hdj,Skag iuSm f,iska

iïnkaO jsh. fï ish,a,gu jvd Tyq isysfha /fokq we;af;a 90 oYlfha ueo iy w.

Nd.fha Y%s ,xld wdKavqj bosrsm;a l< uska fmr fkdjq kejqï fhdackdjkays m%Odk

ks¾udKlrejd f,ih' fuu fhdackd wjdikdjlg fuka lsisod kS;s.; fkdjQj;a i;H

jYfhkau foaYmd,k wOsYaGdkh we;skï muKla idOdrK jHjia:duh foaYmd,k

jsiÿula i|yd tlÕ;ajhla we;s fjsh hk n,dfmdfrd;a;=jg osrs .kajkjhs'

foaYmd,k wNsu;h th fidhd tk f;la w,audrshla ;=< n,d fkdisgsk nj kS,ka oek

isgsfhah' th W;amdokh lr fmdaIKh l< hq;= nj;a ta i|yd fjfyi fkdn,d wLKvj

ls%hdldrS jsh hq;= nj o Tyq oek isgsfhah' Tyq ol=Kq wdishdkq ixialD;sh iy

ckjd¾.sl;ajfha isg iudc ,sx.sl;ajh, foaYmd,k kHdh iy jsfYaIfhkau jHjia:d

kS;sh olajd jQ wmq¾j ud;Dld mrdihla ;=< ienE wOHhk rihla iy rps; jsysoSula iys;

is;a weo.kakd iqtZ jsoHd¾;fhls' tfiau, ;ud jsYajdi l, oE cSjs;hg /f.k tAug yd

ck;djf.a cSjs; ;=< tajd ienE lsrSu i|yd foaYmd,kfha ksielju wjodkula iy

wNsfhda. mj;sk nj jsYajdi l< Tyq Tyqj Y%dia;S%h lghq;= j,g muKla iSud lsrSu

m%;sfCIam lf<ah' fou< tlai;a jsuqla;s fmruqfKa (TULF) idudcslfhl= f,i ue;sjrK

foaYmd,k l%uhg iqïnkaO jSug Tyq ;=, jq leue;a; yd md¾,sfqïka;=j ;=<ska yd fjk;a

rdcH hdka;%k yryd Tyq l< fufyjr fLsokSh f,i Tyqg, Tyqf.a {d;Skag iy wm

ish,a,gu Tyqf.a cSjs;h wysus lf<a h'

wo Èk ud f;dard .;a ud;Dldj iDcqju wod< jk kS,ka ;srefp,ajïf.a Ôú;fha

;j;a iqm%lg wxYhla we;' ta jkdys úúO;ajhg .re l< Tyqf.a i¾jfoaYjdoS Ñka;kh hs'

kS,ka iduQysl yeÕSu yd ne¢ isáfha ckjd¾.sl;ajh wNsNjd .sh oDIaáhlsks' Tyq ysia

úYaùh;ajhla ksid by; i|yka iqúfYaI ne£ï tlla j;a fkdi,ld yeßfha fyda

m%;sfCIam lf<a fyda fkdfõ' tfia fkdj tu ish¨ foa jvd m%n, Ôjhla we;s" jvd

tlsfkl yd noaO jQ fukau hqla;s iy.; jQ tallhla ;=< tldnoaO lsÍu Tyqf.a m%h;akh

úh' ixj¾Okh fjñka mj;sk rgj,g ixj¾ê; rgj,ska W.ekaug hula we;sjd muKla

fkdj tajdg W.ekaùug o hula we;ehs Tyq ;¾l lf<a h' Tyqf.a u;jdoh jQfha ngysr

foaYhkays cks; jQ fm!oa.,sl;ajh biau;= lrkakdjQ l;sldj —ol=Kq wdishdfõ wd.ñl

2

yd ixialD;sl iïm%odhhka .ek iDcq j iusnkao lsrSus uÕska fmdaIKh úh hq;=˜ njh'

Tyq m%n, f,i ;¾l lf<a tu ngysr foaY jdiSka ngysr fkdjk foaYhka ys udkj

whs;Ska .ek Woafõ.j;a ùu ne?reï f,i ms<s.kq ,nkq we;af;a ngysr rdcHhka o ;uka

foaYkd lrk uQ,O¾uhka ms,smosuska tajd idOdrK f,i fhdojd wdo¾Yhla fmkajQfjd;a

muKla h hkqfjks'

m%ia;+;hka flf¾ tn÷ wkql,kd;aul t<Uqula fhdojñka mq¿,a cd;Hka;r

l;sldjkag ;u foaYh úiska yd ol=Kq wdishd m%foaYh úiska l< yels m%odkhka .ek

wd;au úYajdifhka hq;=j isá kS,kag ;u foaYh jeks iqúfYaI w¾nqohkag uqyqK md isá

ke;fyd;a m%pKav;aj yd m%;sm%pKav;aj pl%hl isrù isá rgj,g WmldÍ ùu i|yd

ie,iqï jqKq cd;Hka;r ueÈy;a ùï .ek ìhla ;snqfKa ke;' Tyq jeo.;a hehs ie,l=fha

tu ueÈy;a ùu m%;sM,odhl fjso muKla fkdj m%;sm;a;s uQ,sl yd ;sridr fõo hkak h'

II fuhska ud wo f;dard .;a ud;Dldj i|yd iDcq fhduqùula iemfha' tkï" rdcH

iajdêm;Hfha iSud iy lsishï ;ks rdcHhl foaY iSud ;=< isÿjk uyd mrsudK udkj

ysuslï W,a,x>kh jSï, ck >d;k iy wfkl=;a iuQ, >d;k" uyd mßudK ckjd¾.sl

Y=oao lsrSï iy ukqIH;ajhg tfrys wmrdO wdosh i|yd m%;spdr oelajSfï oS cd;Hka;r

m%cdjf.a ienE N+ñldj l=ulao@ hkak h' rgj,a úiska wfkl=;a rgj, lghq;=j,g weÕs,s

.eiSu" úfYaIfhka ixj¾ê; rgj,a úiska ixj¾Okh fjñka mj;sk rgj, wNHka;r

lghq;=j,g weÕs,s .eiSu" w;S;fha § ieu úgu m%;sm;a;suh fyda ia:sridr jQfha fyda

fkdjQfha hkakg fmdÿ u;hla mj;S' ta wkqj tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ix.ufha m%ldYkfhys

2^7& j.ka;sfha § —“rgl wNHka;r wOslrK n, m%foaYh ;=< wjYHfhkau isoqjk lghq;=

i|yd ueosy;a jSug lsisfjl=g;a whs;shla fkdue;sh”˜ hk m%ldYkh wkq,a,x>kSh

;yxÑhla hehs f,dalfha ol=Kq È. fndfyda rgj,a oeäfia úYajdi lr;s'

we;af;kau, hg;a jscs; ksoyialrK hq.h ;=, fndfyda rdcHhka ish ksoyi ,nd

.ekSu;a iu.u iajdOsm;Hh hkak b;du;au ixfjsoS ldrKhla jsu f;areï .; hq;=h' ta

yeu rdcHhlgu ;u kj wkkH;dj .ek wdvïnrhla we;s w;r ;ukaf.a

laIKNx.=rNdjh .ek o jegySula we;s nj wms oksuq' ta wkqj ;ukag jvd Yla;su;a

cd;Hka;r l%shdldrS rgj, ;¾ck yd n,mEï j,g tfrysj fhdod.; yels

wdrlaIKhkaf.ka tlla f,i ueÈy;a fkdùfï tu uQ,O¾uh Tjsyq idudkHfhka

i,l;s'

3

tfy;a wka ish¨ fofhys fuka fï t<Uqfuys o" wka;hg f.k .sh oreKq f,i

fkdfmfkk me;a;la ;snqKs' th biau;=j fmkqfKa 1990 oYlfha § fnda,alka m%foaYfha

yd uOHu wm%sldfõ isÿ jQ yDoh idlaIsh lïmkhg m;a lruska me;sreKq usksid jsiska

isoql< úkdYhka flf¾ cd;Hka;r m%cdj oela jq m%;spdr wrNhd h' ta wjia:d kñka

i|yka lrkjd kï" 1994 rejkavdfõ isÿ jQ w;s oreKq ck >d;k iy bka yrshgu

jirlg miqj fi%fn%ksldfõ isÿ jQ weoysh fkdyels wmrdO iïnkaOj ta m%Yakh mek

keÕ=Ks' È.ska È.gu cd;Hka;r m%cdjf.ka lsishï m%;spdrhla tu wjia:djka ;=<ska m%n,

f,i wfmalaId flreK o cd;Hka;r m%cdj fj;ska isÿ jQfha ms<sfj,la ke;s" wiïmQrK"

m%;sl+, M, f.k fok m%;spdr h' tfiau lsisu m%;spdrhla fkdoela jq wia:do jsh' h<s;a

1999 § fldfidafjdays ckjd¾.sl Y=oao lsrSï wdrïN jQ l, cd;Hka;r m%cdj iuyr jsg

l< hq;=j ;snqQ mßÈ yuqoduh ueosy;a jSula we;a; jYfhka lrk ,oafoa reishdfõ

;¾ckd;aul ksfIaO n,h yuqfjs wdrlaIK uKav,fhys mQ¾j wkque;sh o fkd,nd h' ta

iu.u cd;Hka;r wdrlaIl ie,eiafuys tald.%;dj ms<sn| j fndfyda W;aiql jq m%Yak

biau;= úh'

1990 oYlh mqrdu ueosy;ajSu iy rdcH iajdOsm;Hh ms<sn| ;r.ldrSj whs;sjdislï lshd

mEu i|yd jsYd, jsjdohla jsh' ;¾lfha tla me;a;la jQfha foaY iSud jsrys; ffjoH

jrekaf.a ix.ufha ks¾ud;D iy oekg m%xYfha jsfoAY weu;s f,i lghq;= lrk n¾kdvs

ljqpsk¾ bosrsm;a l< ueosy;a jSu i|yd we;s whs;sh (Right to intervene), fyj;a jvd

iïmQ¾Kj i|yka lrkafka kï udkqISh moku u; ueosy;ajSu i|yd we;s whs;sh (Right

of humanitarian intervention) kue;s ixl,amhhs'

tfy;a jsjsO oDIaGs fldakhkaf.ka n,k l< fuh f.da,Sh W;=r ;=< n,j;a fodaxldrhl=o

iu.ka we;s jq m%n, iy M<odhS iduQysl lE .eiSulaj mej;=Kq kuq;a th f,dj

wfkl=;a rgj,a jgd is;ays ld jeosk ;rugu fl%daofhka os,sfikakg jsh' tfiau, f.da,Sh

ol=K jsiska w;sYhskau yd tldjkaj cd;sl iajdOsm;Hh ixl,amh u; whs;sjdislï lshd

mEu ta i|yd fYa%IaG;ajhla yd wLKavj fodaxldrhla we;s lsrSug o fya;= jsh' hqoaOh

i|yd iSudjka w|skq ,enS' nxlr boslrkq ,enSh' ta iu.u jdpsl usihs, wyfia

iersirkakg jsh' jsjdoh fndfyda fihska fjs.j;a yd wm%ikak tlla jQ w;r th 1990

.Kka j<oS tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixjsOdkh ;=< fyda wka fld;kloS fyda lsisfia;au

fkdjsioZS u fl<jr jsh'

4

jfrl tlai;a cd;Skaf.a uy f,alï fld*s wkakka fuu újdofha flakaøSh .eg¿j ù

;snqK ixl,amuh WNf;dafldaálh iu:hlg m;alsÍfï fm!oa.,sl jEhul ksr; úh'

Tyq ;¾l lf<a tla tla wjia:dfõ § cd;sl iajdêm;Hh lsrd uek ne,sh hq;af;a

cd;Hka;r udkj ysñlï WmlrK u.ska ms<s.kq ,nk tu fm!oa.,sl iajdêm;Hhg

wkqj njh' tfy;a tu ;¾lh ms<s.ekqfKa ke;' thg fya;=j hf:dla; ;¾lh ueÈy;a

ùfï m%Yakh ksrdlrKh lrSula fkdj th h<s;a wdrïN lsÍula f,i ie,lSuh' j¾I

2000 § f,alïjrhd tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ix.ufha uyd iNdjg bÈßm;a l< jd¾;dfjka

fuu .eg¨j m%isoaO fõÈldjg f.k wdfõ wo mjd fodaxldr kxjk yeÕ=ïnr is;a ii,

lrjk joka ud,djla uÕsks' tu joka fufia úh( —udkqISh ueÈy;a ùu ms<s.; fkdyels

f,i iajdêm;Hh fj; t,a, jk m%ydrhla jkafka kï" nrm;< f,i yd wLkavj

isÿjk udkj ysuslï W,a,x>kh jSï i|yd wm rejkavdjg m%;spdr olajkafka

fldfyduo@ fi%fn%ksldjg m%;spdr oelajsh hq;af;a flfiao @

miqj fuu wNsfhda.hg uqyqK §fï ld¾hh lekvd rcfha wkq.%yfhka msysg jq

“ueÈy;a ùu yd rdcH iajdêm;Hh ms<sn| cd;Hka;r fldñiu˜ ^International

Commission on Intervention & State Soverignity& fj; mejereKs' tysoS we,aÔßhdkq rdcH

;dka;%slfhl= yd tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ix.ufha wm%sld WmfoaYl fudyuâ iyakQia yd iuÕ

tys iu iNdm;s;ajh oeÍfï wjia:dj ug o ysñ úh' wms 2001 j¾Ih w. § — iq/lSu i|yd

we;s j.lSu ˜ ^Responsibility to Protect& kïka wfma jd¾;dj t<s oelaùuq' wm fuu

jd¾;dj u.ska hf:dala; wm%ikak yd ksiaidr újdoh ksrdlrKh lr.ekaug odhl;ajh

imhk njg j¾:udkfha fmdÿfjs ms<s.kq ,nk w;sYh jeo.;a ixl,am folla bÈßm;a

lf<ah'

bka m<uqjekak jQfha — udkqISh ueÈy;a ùu˜ ms<sn| ixjdofha fh§u .ek l:d lsrSug kj

úÈhla ks¾udKh lsÍu h' ta jk úg fjfyilr fuka u jeä jeäfhka wfYdaNk fjñka

meje;s —ueÈy;a ùu i|yd we;s whs;sh˜ ms<sn| jQ újdoh Wvq hál=re lsÍug wms ;SrKh

lf<uq' ta wkqj w¨;a uqyqKqjrlska m%Yakh bÈßm;a lf<uq' wm fuys oS rdcHhka hïlsis

fohla lsÍfï —whs;sh˜ .ek ;¾l lrkq fjkqjg uy;a wka;rdhg uqyqK md isák

ck;dj wdrlaId lsÍug Tjqkag we;s —j.lSu˜ .ek wjOdkh fhduq lrkq uekjehs

fmkajd ÿkafkuq' wod, bosrs o¾Ykh jQfha ueÈy;a lrejka f,i bÈßm;a jkakkaf.a

fkdj wdOdr Wmldr ,eìh hq;= whf.a bosrs o¾Ykh nj wms ;¾l lf<uq' wdf,dal Odrdj

wdmiq t,a, lerefKa th ieu úgu ;sìh hq;= b,lalh jQ iuQy >d;k" ck jd¾.sl Y=oaO

lsrSï wLKavj isÿjk ia;%S oQIK" orejka ydu;a ùu wd§ jHikhkaf.ka ck;dj wdrlaId

lsÍfï wjYH;dj fj;h' fufia m%Yakh bÈßm;a lsßfï§, m%Odk m%;sm;a;s l%shdldrSkaf.a

5

yeisrSu ienjskau fjkia lsrSu i|yd kj woyiaj, fyda w¿ZZ;ska w¾;l:kh l<

merKss woyiaj, mj;sk n,h fnfyjska wm is;a ;=< jsh' bka jir lsysmhlg fmr

tjl ixj¾Ok ld¾fhys ksr; jQjka iy mrsirfjsoSka w;r mej;s jsYd, mr;rh wju

lsrSu i|yd n%srEgs,kavs fldusiu jsiska bosrsm;a lrk ,o “OrKSh ixj¾Okh” kue;s

ixl,amh fï iïnkaOfhka wm is;ays fnfyjskau mej;s wdlD;sh jsh' fï kj

;srrpkh;a iu. rx.k Ys,amSkag ish fonia fjkia lrkakg iy ;r.fha ienE .egMZ

fudkjdoehs kejqusj is;kakg isoq jqKs'

m<uqjekak yd iïnkaO jq fldñifï fojk m%Odk ixl,amuh odhl;ajh jqfha

iajdêm;Hh ms<sn|j l:d lsrSfï kj m%fjsYhla i|yd n,lsrSuh' tu kj t<Uqu iqvdk

cd;sl jsoHd¾:fhl== yd ukd rdcH ;dka;s%lfhl= jQ ^fus jk jsg ck >d;k yd uyd

mßudK úkdYldß;ajhka je<elaùfï ls%hdj,sh i|yd WmfoaYlfhl= f,i t'cd'

uyf,alï nekals uQka úiska m;a fldg isák& *ekaisia fvx f.a ixl,amhla u; mokï

úh' tu ixl,amhg wkqj kj t<eUqfuys yrh jkafka mqrdK fjiaÜf*a,shka .súiqu

wkqj" hqfrdamSh iïm%odh ù meje;s —md,kh lsÍu˜ fkdj —j.lSu bgq lsÍu˜ h' tys

wdrïNl mshjr jkafka iEu rdcHhlg ;u iSudj ;=< mqrjeishka wdrCId lsrSfuys,d

m%Odk j.lSula ;sfnsh hk ldrKhhs' tfy;a th wjika ldrKh fkdfjs' wfhda.H

wNsu;d¾: fyda ;u fkdyelshdj fya;=fjka fyda rdcHhla ish j.lSu ;=< wiu;a jk

wjia:djkaysoS wdrCId lsrSu i|yd we;s w;=re j.lSu mqM,a cd;Hka;r m%cdj u;g jefghs'

th b;d flgsfhka mjikjd kï oeka wm flgsfhka mjik wdldrhg R2P

^Responsibility to Protect& fyj;a wdrCId lsrSu i|yd we;s j.lSu kue;s ixl,amfha

yrh hs'

by; oelajQ moku ie,iqï lsÍfuka miqj wdrlaIdj iemhSfï j.lSfuka

m%sfhda.slj woyia jkafka l=ulaoehs hkak fldusiu w¾:l;kh lf<ah' ukqIH >d;k"

ckjdrA.sl Y=oao lsrSï" hqoaOdmrdO yd ukqIH;ajhg tfrys wmrdO isÿfjñka mj;sk fyda

isÿjkakg wdikak wjia:djkays M,odhSj m%;sl%shd oelaùu bka meyeÈ,sj u woyia fõ'

;jo yo lïmd lrjk wjia:dj olajd meusKs fkdue;s kuq;a tjeks ;;a;ajhla lrd

msrsySfï yelshdj we;s ;;a;ajhka jvd krlg hdug fmr j<lajd .ekSu hkako fuhska

woyia fjhs' tfiau wm mejiQ wkaofï uyd úkdYhka fya;=fjka iqkq jsiqkq jq iudca

kej; f.dvk.uska h<s tjeks isÿjSus kej; isÿ fkdjSu ;yjqre lsrSu o fuhska woyia

fjhs'

6

zR2PZ l%shdmámdáh u.ska wjYH jk lghq;= fndfyda fldg u je<elaùu yd iïnkaO h'

tkï" rdcHfha yelshd Yla;sh jeä ÈhqKq lsÍu" ueisú,sj,g ms<shï fh§u" kS;sfha

wdêm;Hh ;yjqre lsÍu hk lghq;= h' kuq;a je<elajSï wiu;a jkafka kï isoq fjuska

mj;sk w;sYh ïf,apsP wmrdO keje;ajSu i|yd wdrA:sl, foaYmd,k, rdc;ka;%sl, kS;suh,

wdrCIl fyda wjidkfha yuqoduh Wmdhka jeks ljr fyda l%shd ud¾.hka R2P i|yd

wjYH jkq we;'

tla tla rdcHhka i|yd fuu wod< j.lSu oeßh hq;af;a ljqreka úiska o hk

m%Yakh fuys § u;= fõ' zR2PZ hkafkka uq,ska u woyia jkafka rdcHhla by; i|yka

wkaofï wmrdOj,ska ;u rgjeishka wdrlaId lsÍug;a wkH rdcHhkag tu lghq;= lsÍu

i|yd yelshdj f.dvk.d .ekaug Woõ lsÍug;a we;s j.lSu h' tlai;a cd;Skaf.a

ixúOdkh jeks cd;Hka;r ixúOdk wrNhd tu j.lSu jkafka l,a;nd wk;=re weÕùfï

j.lSu" M,odhl je<elaùfï Wml%u ls%hd;aul lrùu iy wjYH jQ úg Yla;su;a m%;sl%shd

ixiÊckh hs' isú,a ixúOdk wrNhd zR2PZ hkafkka woyia lefrkqfha l<hq;=j we;af;a

l=ulao@ l<hq;af;a ljqreka úiska o@ l=uk wjia:dfõ o@ hk lreKq fj; m%;sm;a;s

iïmdolhkaf.a wjOdkh fhduq lrùu h'

“wdrCId lsrSu i|yd we;s j.lSuZ jeks ixl,amhla ks¾udKh lsÍu tlls' th

flf¾ m%;sm;a;s iïmdolhkaf.a wjOdkh ,nd .ekSu ;j;a fohls' “wdrlaId lsrSSfï

j.lSu ms<sn| jd¾;dj 2001 foieïn¾ ui § m%ldYhg m;a jQ úg tys flakaøSh f;audjg

cd;Hka;r jYfhka È.ska È.gu wjOdk m:fha .uka lsÍug iu;a ùu is;a weo.kakd

iq¿ isoaêhla úh' fuys úfYaI;ajh kï 2001 iema;eïn¾ 11jk Èk weußldfõ isÿ jQ

;%ia; m%ydrfhka miq cd;Hka;rfha jeä wjOdkh rdcHhkays wNHka;rfhys isoqjk

udkj ysuslï jHikhka fj; fkdj cd;Hka;r ;%ia;jdoh flf¾ fhduqj ;snqKq hq.hl

th isÿ ùu h'

ixl,am ms<sn| b;sydifha ienúkau b;d iq¿ ld, mßpsfþohla jk, tkï jir

myla jeks flá ld,hla ;=< §" “wdrCId lsrSu i|yd we;s j.lSuZ hk ixl,amh wfma

cd;Hka;r fldñiu ;=< my< jQ is;=ú,s ud;%hl isg mq¿,a f,i ms<s.efkk cd;Hka;r

m%;sudKhl ;;a;ajhg j¾Okh ù we;s w;r th wkd.;fha § cd;Hka;r kS;sfha

pdß;%.; úê kshuhla njg m;a ùfï yelshdj o orkafka h'

fuu ixl,amh m<uq j ne?reï f,i m%;s.%yKh lrk ,oafoa tjlg biau;=

fjñka meje;s wm%sldkq taldnoaO ixúOdkfha uq,O¾u ;+< h' bka miq jir fol ;=k ;=<

7

§ th Ydia;S%h úpdrlhka yd cd;Hka;r ks;S{hka w;r ienE leue;a;la oskd .ekSug

iu;a jsh' tfy;a thg f,dl=u bosrs mshjr .ekqfKa 2005 iema;eïn¾ys tlai;a cd;Skaf.a

60 jk f,dal kdhl iuq¿fõ § h' Bg fmrd;=j ta i|yd iqodkïùï jYfhka 2004

wdrlaIl jev ms<sfj<g we;s kj ;¾ck ms<sn| by< uÜgfï jd¾;dldr uKav,h ^fuys

ud idudðlfhl= ùu uy;a myiqjla úh& úiska imhk ,o jd¾;dj tlai;a cd;Skaf.a uy

f,alïjrhd ;udf.a m%Odk jd¾;djg we;=<;a lr ;snqKs' tu f,aLk foflau wdrCId

lsrSu i|yd we;s j.lSu wjOdrKd;aul j .%yKh lr f.k ;snqfKa h' tys /ia jQ rdcH

kdhlhka 150 lg jeä ixLHdjla talu;sl j wkqu; l< f,dal kdhl iuq¿fõ m%;sM,

jd¾;dj ;=< by; i|yka jd¾;d fofla flakaøSh ks¾foaY lsisÿ jHdl+,;djlska f;drj

ms<s.;af;ah'

2005 iema;eïn¾ f,dal kdhl iuq¿fjka miq ;j;a jeo.;a ixl,amSh

ixj¾Okhla isÿ ù ;sfí' tkï" miq.sh jif¾ ^2006& wfm%a,a ui § wdrlaIl uKav,h

úiska —wdhqO ikakoaO .egqusj,§ isú,a ck;dj wdrlaId lsÍu˜ .ek f;aud fhdackdjla

iïu; lr .ekSu h' tys os l<ska f,dal kdhl iuq¿fõ § iïu; lr .ekqKq “wdrCId

lsrSu i|yd we;s j.lSuZ ms<sn| ;SrKh h<s meyeÈ,sju wjOdrKh lr we;' bka miqj

mek ke.=Kq iqúfYaI wjia:jdkays § th m%fhdackhg .efkKq olakg ,enqKs' WodyrK

jYfhka vd*Q¾ ms<sn| 2006 wf.daia;= 31 Èk iïu; jQ 1706 jk fhdackdj ;=< tu

ixl,amh we;=<;a úh' wod< uQ,O¾u ljf¾oehs y÷kd .ekau i|yd tlai;a cd;Skaf.a

uyd iNdfõ iïu; fhdackdjla m%fhdackj;a úh yels nj by; i|yka rdcH kdhl

iuq¿fõ § isÿ jQ iïu;fhka wújdofhka meyeÈ,s jQ w;r úOdhl lghq;= wrNhd jeo.;a

jkafka wdrlaIK uKav,h hs' t;ek mfha weÕs,a,la fyda .idf.k isàug wmg oeka

yels ù ;sfí'

R2P jsYajdi lrk wm fndfyda fofkl=g fuh fydo m%jD;a;shl wjidkhla muKla fjs'

wm igk oskqjd hehs wm is;=fjd;a th wm jsiskau wmj uq<d uq<d lr .ekauls' iaffjrS

rdcHhla ;=, uyd iuQ< >d;khka fyda ck jd¾.sl Y=oaO lsrSï fyda wfkl=;a

udKqI;ajhg tfrys wmrdOhka fyda fï ish,a, kej; we;sjk R2P ;;a;ajhloS ^ i;H

jYfhka u we;eï tjeks is\qjSï wkd.;fhaoS gsl l,lg, fldfyaoS fyda we;eï jsg wm

is;kjdg jvd blaukska we;s jsh yelsh& uq¿ f,dalh mqrd bfíg u ish,a,ka ;=<u

fmdÿfõ my< jk m%;sl%shdjla mek k.skjd we;' wm ish,q fokdu kej; lsisod isÿ

fkdúh hq;= hehs lshd isá fohla h<s;a isÿjkjd hk N%dka;sfhka we<,S hkq we;' wfma

tu m%;spdrh ksid M,odhs hula isÿjkq we;' tu ;¾ckh kj;ajd ,Sug Yla;su;a

cd;Hka;r l%shdjla o fjs' jir .Kkdjla ;siafia f,dj jgd fuu jsIh ms<sn|j l:d

8

lruska iy ,shuska isgskafkl= jYfhka f,dal iu¿fjsoS ,.d jQ tlÕ;djh ;rula

nsf|k iq¿ wns;d,ula u; mokïõ ;sfnk neõ ud fydoska oksus'

2005 j¾Ifha § reishdfõ o iyfhda.h we;s j ixj¾Okh fjñka mj;sk rgj,a

w;=frka lSm fofkl=f.a lKavdhula rdcH iajdOsm;Hh mßmQ¾Kj yd lsisÿ iSudjla

mekùfuka f;drj Ndú;hg bv Èh hq;= hehs w;s W;aikak igkl ksr; jQy' tu l%shdj

fld;rï j.lSï rys; tlla jqj;a th Tjqkaf.a ia:djrh úh' wjidkfha hqfrdamd

ix.ufhka iy tlai;a ckmofhka ,enqKq iydh t;rï wjsfrdaOS tlla fkdjSh' ^2003

brdl wl%uKfhka wk;=rej Tjqkaf.a iydh o WmldrYS,S fkdjSh&' ienúkau ;SrKd;aul

jQfha ol=Kq wm%sldfõ kdhl;ajh hgf;a iyrdjg ol=fKka msysá wm%sldkq rdcHhka È.ska

È.gu ÿka iyfhda.h;a ft;sydislj jeo.;a f,i iajdêm;Hh iSud lsÍfï uq,O¾uhka

m%Odk ,;ska weußldkq rdcHhka úiska je<| .ekSu;a h' tfukau fuys§ uq,ska jeg Wv

isá úfYaIfhka bkaÈhdj jeks rgj, kdhlhka kïud .ekSug wjika fudfydf;a

fm!oa.,sl rdcH ;dka;%sl fufyhqul ksr; jQ lefkaähdkq w.%dud;H fmda,a ud¾ákaf.a

fufyjr o isysm;a l< hq;= h'

2005ka miqj udf.a ixpdrhkays § ug ks;ru wikakg isoq jq fohla kus rgj,a

.Kkdjl ksfhdað;hka ^wdishdfõ wh o óg we;=<;a jQ w;r YS% ,xldfõ wh o fï msßig

wh;a jQy& ug lshd isáfha Tjqka 2005 f,dal kdhl iuq¿fõ fmdÿ u;hg úreoaO ùug

wleue;s jQ kuq;a kdhl;aj iuq¿fõ m%;sM, jd¾;djg zR2P Z j.ka;s wka;¾.; ùu

.ek ;uka t;rus i;=gq fkdjk njhs' ug jdr .Kk wu;l jk f;la wikakg

,enqKla jQfha zR2P Z hkq yqfola udkqISh ueÈy;a ùu i|yd fjk;a kduhla muKla

nj;a ta wkqj n,j;a rgj,g" úfYaIfhka ngysr foaYhkag" l=vd rgj, wNHka;r

lghq;=j,g w; fmùug bv ie,fik nj;ah' ta flfia jqj o fï .ek ud fl;rï

wixfõÈj isgsh;a oeä lïmkhla we;s l< isoaêhlg o ug uqyqK mEug isÿ úh'

ksõfhda¾la kqjr msysgd we;s w¾nqo iu: lKavdhfï ld¾hd,fha m%Odkshd ug óg i;s

follg fmr ;uka ueo fmrÈ. msysá wrdì-bia,dóh rdcHhl ksfhdað; msßfia kdhlhd

yd iuÕ l< ixjdohla jd¾;d lrñka i|yka lf<a—wdrlaId lsrSug we;s j.lSu keu;s

ixl,amh ngysr wêrdcHjd§kaf.a ukia ;=< yer fjk fldfyaj;a fkdmj;shs˜ hehs Tyq

mejiq njhs'

fu;ek§ isÿj we;s je/oao l=ula o@ wkdÈu;a ld,hl isg mej; wd újdohlg

m%fhda.sl jQ;a m%;sm;a;s .rel jQ;a úi÷ula ,nd §ug iu;a kj m%fõYhka f,i fndfyda

fokdg fmkqKq uQ,O¾uhlg tfrysj fï ;rï wkjr; m%;sfrdaOhla mj;skafka wehs@

úYajidOdrK udkisl;ajfhka hq;a wmg ^fuys§ fujeks .eg¨ wrNhd kS,ka ;srefp,ajï

9

;=< mej;s widudkH YsIagiïmkak wpdrYS,sNdjh yd iunr .=fKka hq;= t<Uqu .ek ud

l< i|yk h<s Wmqgd oelaùug leue;af;ñ& tu újdoh h<s;a ksjeros udj;g f.kjq;a

ukqIH >d;k yd udkj úfrdaë ixydr j<lajd .kafka flfiaoehs wmg jO fok fï

m%Yakh ksrdlrKh lsÍug wjYH m%;spdrh cks; lrjkq jia l< yels lsisjla ;sfí o@

fuysoS wmg wduka;%Kh lsrSug wjYHj ;sfnkafka zR2PZ ms<sn|j hï m%udKhlg

iEu foilu" úfYaIfhka f.da,Sh ol=fKa mj;sk" m%Odk jerÈ jgyd .ekSï y;rlg

uqyqK § tajdg meyeÈ,s ms<s;+re iemhSuhehs ud is;us'

m<uqjk jerÈ jegySu (—z R2PZ hkq yuqoduh ueÈy;a ùula muKs”' “ir,j th udKQISh

ueosy;ajSu i|yd jk wfkla kuhs˜' iy;sl jYfhka u fuh tfia fkdfõ' th

fldmuK jrla lshd mEj;a m%udKj;a ke;' wka ieu fohlg;a jvd z R2P Z hkq m%n,

f,i “je<elajsh yels l%shdud¾.” .ekSuls' fuys§ uyd mßudK >d;k" ckjd¾.sl Y+oaO

lsrSï fyda fjk;a ukqIH;ajhg tfrys wmrdO ;;a;ajhg weo jeàug bvlv we;s wjia:d

y÷kd f.k WÑ; je<l=ï m%;sl%shd ish,a,u t;ekg fhoùu h' fuys§ foaYmd,kuh"

rdcH;dka;%sl" kS;suh yd wd¾Ól hk ish¨ wxY we;=<;a lr .efka' je<lSug we;s

j.lSu hkak fndfyda fihska cd;Hka;r m%cdjf.a j.lSug wE;ska we;s, w;sYhskau rch

i;+ j.lSuls' th cd;Hka;r m%cdj fj; meusKs jsg Tjqkaf.a je<elaùfï m%;spdrfhka

jsYd, fldgila jsh hq;af;a rgj,g Wmldr lr.ekSu i|yd iydh jSuh' f,dal

iïfï,k m%;sM, jd¾;dfõ 138 jk mrspsfPAoh fuh fydoska meyeos<s lrhs' tkï, —iEu ;ks rdcHhlgu iajlSh ck;dj ckixydrhkaf.ka" ckjd¾.sl Y+oaO

lsrSïj,ska iy udkqIH;ajhg tfrys wmrdOhkaf.ka wdrlaId lsÍfï j.lSu mejÍ

;sfí' fï j.lSu ;+<g" iqÿiq yd wjYH Wmdh ud¾. wkqj tn÷ wmrdO i|yd

Wis.ekaùï je<elaùï we;=¿j" tu wmrdO je<elaùu we;=<;a fõ' cd;Hka;r

m%cdj fuu j.lSu l%shd;aul lrùu i|yd rdcHhkag WÑ; mßÈ Èßu;a lsÍu yd

wdOdr iemhSu l< hq;=h'

tfiau, jd¾;dfõ 139 fjks mrspsfPAofha kej;;a f,dal kdhlhska tlu;slj

m%ldY lrkafka:

10

—wms wjYH iy fhda.H whqrska ck ixydrhkaf.ka, hqO wmrdOhkaf.ka, ckjd¾.sl Y+oaO

lsrSu j,ska iy udkqIH;ajhg tfrys wmrdOhkaf.ka ish ck;dj wdrlaId lsrSfïoS

rdcHhkag ish Yla;sh jevslr .ekSu i|yd Wmldr lsrSug iy w¾nqo iy .egQï jHdma;

jSug fmr mSvkhl miqfjk rdcHhka i|yd iydh jSug lemjSug n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjuq˜

je<elaùug wiu;a, m%;spdr wjYH jkakd jQ wjia:d o ienejska u we;s úh yelsh' tfy;a

m%;spdr hkq hqouh yuqoduh ueosy;a jSula f,i woyia l< hq;+ ke;' thg foaYmd,kuh"

rdcH;dka;%sl" wd¾Ól yd ks;Suh n,mEï we;=<;a úh yelsh' fï ish¨ mshjr fm<Uùï

;;a;ajfha isg wdl%dka;suh ;;a;ajh f;la úyso hd yelsh' tfiau wvq n,y;aldrlfï isg

jeä n,y;aldrlu olajd úyso hd yelsh' fuh hqouh Yla;sh wrNhd o i;H fõ' fï

iïnkaOfhka —ueÈy;a˜ ùu yd rdcH iajdêm;Hh ms<sn| cd;Hka;r fldñiu wjOdrKh

l< mßÈ —je<elaùu fukau m%;sl%shd oelaùu i|yd jk j.lSu Ndú;fha § iEu úgu jvd

n,y;aldruh yd wdl%dka;suh mshjr .ekSug fmr wvq n,y;aldruh yd wdl%dka;suh

mshjr .ek i,ld ne,Su isÿúh hq;=h'˜ wka;sl wjia:djkays § wjidk mshjr f,i

n,y;aldruh hqo mshjr .ek fkdis;kafka o ke;' uyd mßudK ck >d;k yd fjk;a

oreKq wmrdO je<elaùu i|yd .; yels tlu mshjr th nj fmkqKq úg tu mshjr .;

hq;=j we;' WodyrK jYfhka rejkavdfõ § yd fi%n%ksldfõ § ta tfia njg ld ;=<j;a

ielhla fkd;snqK's ta flfia jqjo zR2PZ uq,O¾uh hkq wka lsisjla fkdj yuqoduh

ueosy;ajSulauh hkak mejiSu tu uq,O¾uh w;sYhskau jslD;s lsrSulss'

fojk jerÈ jegySu ( fojks jeros jegySu fï m%;sl%shd tl;=fjys jsreoaO

wka;fhys mj;skakls' tkï R2P hkq yeuflfkl+u yeu fohlskau wdrlaId lsrSsu

ms<sn| ixl,amhla hkakhs' fun÷ m%Yakhla mek ke.Sug bv we;s nj ud is;kakg jQfha

oekg udi lsysmhlg fmr ^1990 oYlfha § ueÈy;a ùu yd iajdêm;Hh újdohg oeä fia

iïnkaO ù isá& w.%.KH rdcH ;dka;%slfhl= uf.ka weiQ m%Yakhlg miqj nj ug u;l

;sfí' t;=ud uf.ka wid isáfha —W;a;r O%ejfha tialsfudajreka f,dalh WKqiqï ùfï

m%;súmdlfhka wdrlaId lsÍug cd;Hka;r m%cdjg j.lSula we;s nj Tn ms<s.kakjd o@˜

hkqfjksæ NdIduh w¾: wkqj n,k l, fï ldrKfha § lsishï wdldrhl wdrlaIdjla

,nd§fï j.lSula ;sfí' ta iudk ;j;a j.lSï mejfrk m%ia;=; f,i tÉ'whs'ù$taâia

jix.;h" kHIaál wdhqO nyq, ùu" wd§ ;j fkdfhla oE ;sfnk nj oksuq' kuq;a fujeks

wjia:djkaysoS R2P ixl,amhg jvd “udkj wdrlaIdj” hkak Ndjs;d lsrSu b;du;au

fhda.H NdId wdjrKhls'

11

by; i|yka l< wkH wjia:d i|yd zR2PZ ixl,amh Ndú;fhka isÿjkafka yo ii,

lrjk ñksia >d;k" ckjd¾.sl Y+oaO lsrSï jeks ukqIH;ajhg tfrys wmrdOhkag tfrysj

ffki¾.slj mek k.sk úYaùh l%shd l,dm talrdYs lrùu i|yd tu ixl,amhg we;s

Yla;sh ySk fldg wjidkfha th jevla ke;s fohl ;;a;ajhg weo fy<Suls' R2P fhÿu

je<o.ekSfï m%Odk fya;+j tys jq “ueosy;ajSug we;s whs;sh” keu;s jpkfhys fkd;snqkq

isudka;sl, yo ii, lrjk isoaOSkaysoS M,odhSjq;a, talÕ;ajh u;a mokïjq;a m%;spdr hk

w¾:hka WmojSfï yelshdjhs'

wm zR2PZ ixl,amfhys w¾:h mq¿,a lrñka by; i|yka l< mßÈ zfmdÿ ñksia

wdrlaIdjZ keu;s kHdh m;%fha ish¨ wx. we;=<;a lr .ekSug ;e;a oerefjd;a bka isÿ

jkafka tu ixl,amh jkdyS weÕs,s .eiSfï isyska wjldYh f,i oelSug iqodkïj

isákakka Wis .ekaùu h' túg zR2PZ hkq f,dalfha W;=relrfha rgj,g ;u is;eÕs mßÈ

Bkshd YsIagdpdrh m;=rejd yeÍfï jHdmdrfha fh§ug újD; wrdOkdjla ,efí hkqfjka

m%fldam ùug tu jHdmdrfhka w;S;fha fyd¢ka neg ld we;s f.da,Sh olafKa rgj,g

yelsjkq we;'

fu;ek m%Yakh ù we;af;a - ud óg fmr i|yka l<dla fuka - lsisfia;a zR2PZ

jev ms<sfjf,a uQ,sl wx.h fkdjk n,y;aldr yuqoduh ueÈy;a ùu ms<sn|j h'

we;af;kau wka;hg msrsyqkq wjia:djka i|yd th neyer l< ;eìh fkdyels m%;spdrhla

j mj;S' ta wkqj zR2PZ uQ,O¾uh jkdys úúO m%;sm;a;suh WmlrK iuqodhl § yuqoduh

l%shd ud¾.h .ekSfï bvlv u|la fyda újD; lrkq we;ehs f;areï .;a úg ks;e;skau isÿ

jkafka tu ixl,amhg krl kduhla ,eîuh'

fláfhka lsj hq;af;a" ^fuh fldmuK jdrhla mqKreÉpdrKh l<;a uÈ hehs

yefÕa& zR2PZ hkq ieu fokdu ieu fohska u wdrlaId lsÍu fkdj ukqIH >d;k"

ckjd¾.sl Y+oaO lsrSï iy ukqIH;ajhg tfrys wmrdOj,ska ñksiqka" .eyeKqka yd orejka

wdrlaId lsÍu h' tu wmrdO oekg isÿfjuska mj;sk tajd úh yelsh' ke;fyd;a

isÿjkakg wdikak hehs ìh Wmojk iq¿ tajd úh yelsh¦ fkdtfia kï" m%n, je<el=ï

lghq;= fkdfhÿj fyd;a jeä l,a fkdf.dia tn÷ ;;a;ajhlg weo jefgkakg bv

we;ehs fmfkk wjia:djla úh yelsh'

;=kajk je/È jegySu (fuu ;=kajk jerÈ jgyd .ekSu ienúkau fojekafka u ;j;a

iajrEmhls' tkï" zR2PZ hkq —fmdÿfõ .egqus yd udkj ysuslï W,a,x>khg m%;spdr

12

oelaùuls˜ hk woyi h' fuys we;s .eg¨j zR2PZ uQ,O¾uh f,dalfha mj;sk il,úO

whym;a foAg (taâia jix.;fha isg ld,.=K úm¾hdi f;la) fhofjk mßÈ mq¿,a lsÍu

fkdj wúpdrj;aj hï hï mgq fCI;% i|yd fhdod .kq ,eîu h' tfia jqj;a ukqIHhka

l=uk wdldrfha fyda m%pKav .egqul ìysiqKq núka yd ÿla fõokdjkaf.ka iy m%cd

mSvl udkj ysñlï W,a,x>khkaf.ka wdrlaId lr.; hq;= nj i;Hhla jk kuq;a

kshu zR2P wjia:d hkq ljf¾oehs iSud fldg oelaùu wjYHj ;sfí'

zR2PZ wjia:djka jkdys wdKavq úiska ;ukaf.au ck;djg tfrysj isÿ lrk

il,úO jQ udkj ysñlï W,a,x>khka fyda ish¨ wdldrfhau wNHka;r .egqï wjia:d

f,i o¾Ykh lrkq ,enqfjd;a isÿ jkafka l%shd;aul ùu i|yd wjYH fmdÿ tlÕ;djla

f.dv kÕd .ekSug fyda mj;ajd f.k hdug fkdyels ùu h' túg we;s jk ;;a;ajh

l=ulao@ tla w;lska f,dalfha W;=re f.da,fha rdcHhka úiska ;ukaf.a jeo.;a cd;sl

iajd¾:hka yd fl<skau iïnkaO ke;s úfoaY wjia:djkag meg,Shdu idOdrKSlrKh

lrkafka flfiaoehs fjfyfikakdjQ o wfkla w;ska ol=Kq w¾O f.da,fha rdcHhka

;ukaf.a iajdêm;Hhg by<ska tk weÕs,s .eiSïj, wka;rdhg újD;j we;ehs is;a lror

lr .kakdjQ o ;;a;ajhkag YS>%fhka weo jeàu h'

kej;;a wms fufia mjiuq zR2P wjia:d hkq uyd mrsudK >d;k" ckjd¾.sl

Y+oaO lsrSï" fyda ta iudk uyd mßudK oreKq wmrdO we;s fjñka mj;sk fyda we;s

jkakg wdikak nj fmfkk fyda lsishï je<l=ï mshjrla fkd.; fyd;a ;j oqrg;a

msrsySfï yelshdjla we;ehs yef.k isoaOSka muKls' tajd cd;Hka;r m%cdjf.a wjOdkhg

fhduq úh hq;af;a tajdfha we;s yDoh idlaIsh lïmkhg m;a lrk iajNdjh ksidh'

WodyrKhla f,i 2003 oS taldnoaO wdl%uKh isÿfjk jsg brdlh R2P ;;a;ajhl

fkd;snqKs’' ula ksid o h;a" tys úYd, f,i udkj ysuslus W,aa,x>kh jSus isÿ fjñka

mej;sh o ^th cd;Hka;r wjOdkhg yd m%;sl%shdjkag ;=vq § fy<d oelSï yd wd¾Ól

iïndOlhkag fya;= jQj;a&" w;S;fha meyeos<sju uyd l%Er wmrdO isÿjS ;snqKq kuqÿ ^ 1980

oYlfha w. Nd.fha l+¾osjrekag iy 1990 oYlfha uq,a Nd.fha Ishd uqia,sïjrekag

jsreoaOj& 2003 uq,a ld,fha trgg tfrys taldnoaO wdl%uKh isÿjk wjia:dfõ

we;af;kau tjeks wmrdO is fjuska fyda tjekakla ms<sno ielhla fyda fkd;snqKs'

fuhg fjkiaj huska oekg fï 2007 cQ,S udifha brdlfha mj;sk ;;a;ajh R2P

wjia:djla f,i jsia;r lsrSu fhda.H; jkq we;’ ula ksido h;a jsfYaIfhka rg

uOHfhka úfoaYSh yuqod jyd bj;a lr .ekqKfyd;a" brdl rchg md,kh lr .;

fkdyels whqrska j;auka ;;a;ajh cd;sfNaojdoS iy ksldhjdoS m%pkavl%shd iy ckjd¾.sl

13

Y+oaO lsrSus olajd fõ.fhka msrsysh yels nejsks' nsh i|yd iEu fya;=jlau mej;sk tjeks ;;a;ajhloS cd;Hkakr m%cdjg yDo idlaIshla we;sj milg jS n,d isgsh fkdyelsh'

ienjskau lsisfjl=;a ks, jYfhka th tjekaklahehs m%ldYlr fkdue;s jqj;a

1990 oYlfha uq, nqrekaä foaYh zR2P ;;a;ajhla yeáhg meyeÈ,sj u kï l< yels

WodyrKhls' ;jo" tu wjia:dj flf¾ n,y;aldr yuqoduh ueÈy;a ùula isÿ jqfKa ke;'

isÿ jqfKa ljqrekq;a ìh jQ mßÈ oreKq;u foa we;sùu j<ld,k Yla;su;a oeä je<l=ï

mshjr .ekSu muKs' t;ek mej;=fKa wi,ajeis rejkavdfõ isÿ jQ ck>d;k

m%pKav;ajfha ;;a;ajh fj; weo jeàug bv ;snQ iajNdjhls' nqrekaäfha th isÿùu

j<ld .ekqfKa fk,aika uekafv,d ueÈy;a ùu;a" ol=Kq wm%sldfõ yuqoduh

iyNd.s;ajh;a" cd;Hka;r w¾nqo iu: lKavdhu ish ú.%yh yd lreKq bÈßm;a lsÍu;a"

kj idu idOl fldñiu nqrekaäh ;u m%:u ld¾hh njg m;alr .ekSu;a we;¿

fndfyda cd;Hka;r iyNd.slhkaf.a oeä ld¾hYS,s;ajh ksidh'

y;rjk jerÈ jegySu ( wjidk jsYd, jeros jegySu, “R2P hkq jsYd, jYfhka

cSjs; ydks fyda uyd mrsudkfhka ckjd¾.sl Y=oaO lsrSï is\qfjuska mj;sk fyda tjeks oE

ms<sno ielhlg ;=vq oS we;s iEu isosOshloSu n,y;aldr yuqoduh l%shdud¾.

idOrKSlrkh lrkakla hkakhs' fmrg;a jvd meyeos<s f,i f;areus .; hq;= jkafka

fjk;a rgl iajdêm;Hg wod< iSudj ;+< fmdÿ iïuq;shlska f;drj n,y;aldr yuqod

n, weKs jsisrejd yerSug kï yqfola tla ks¾Kdhlhla fkdj nyqjsO ksrKdhlhka

imqrd,sh hq;= njhs' fuh yqfola lsishï ne?reï iSudjla mek f.dia bka Tíng .sh l,

wdl%uKh weröug iqÿiq wjia:djhs lsh yels wkaofï ir, fohla fkdfõ'

wm by; i|yka l< ueÈy;aùu yd rdcH iajdêm;Hh ms<sn| cd;Hka;r fldñiu

(ICISS) 2001 jd¾;dfõ mejiQ wdldrhg iy 2005 f,dal kdhl iuq¿jg fmr by<

uÜgfï uKav,h tlai;a cd;Skadf.a ix.uh fj; bÈßm;a l< jd¾;dfõ lshQ mßÈ" iy

tlai;a cd;Skaf.a uy f,alï fld*s wkakka kdhl iuq¿jg mQ¾j.dó j bÈßm;a l<

jd¾;dfjka mejiQ mßÈ fuka u zR2PZ uq,O¾uh yd tlÕ jk iEu l,amkdldÍ wdOdr

lrefjl=u ukdj meyeÈ,s lr we;s wdldrhg" udkj /ljrKh Wfoid yuqoduh

ueossy;ajSï hkak yqfola ;ks mqoa.,fhl= jsiska fkdj iïmQ¾K m%fjsius iy.; usKqï

ud,djla jsiska kshu l< hq;= w;sYhskau Nhdkl jqla nrm;<jq;a muKg jvd tyd .sh

wOs widudkH Wmdhls'

14

tjeks ks¾Kdhlhkaf.ka m<uqjekak kï ta ;=<ska ck;djg t,a,fjuska mj;sk

fyda t,a,jsh yelshs is;sh yels ;¾ckhkays nrm;,luh' yuqoduh l%shdud¾.hla jeks

ne,q ne,aug wka;.duS mshjrla idOdrKSlrKh lsrSug uyd mrsudKfhka isÿfjk cSjs;

ydks fyda ckjd¾.sl Y=oaO lsrSï jeks oEys m%;sjsmdlhka yd iïnkaOjSu wjYH fjhs'

tfy;a ta iu.u ta yd iudk jeo.;alñka hq;a ;j;a ks¾Kdhl y;rla ;Dma;su;a l<

hq;=j ;sfí' fhdaÔ; hqouh l%shdud¾.fhys fma%rKh fyda uQ,sl wruqK ^us,sgrs l%shdj,sh

wfmalaIs; ;¾ck kj;d ,Su o ke;fyd;a j<ld,Su i|yd o@ fkdtfia kï fjk;a m%Odk

wruqKla i|yd o@&¦ hqouh ls%hdj hkq wka ish,q oE wiu;a jQ l, .kq ,nk wjidk

mshjr o@ tkï" ,eî ;snqfKa hehs idOdrKj ie,lsh yels iduldó úl,am mej;=Ks o@

tu m%;spdrh fl;rï iudkqmd;sl o@ Bg wu;rj hqouh m%;spdrhka u.ska fln÷

M,úmdl isÿjkq we;so@ - tkï hqo wdl%uKh ksid iuia; jYfhka whym;g jvd

hym;la isÿ jkq we;s o@

udkj ysïlïj,g t,a,jk ienE ;¾ckhka flfiao h;a hfula fus m%drïNl

usKQu 2003 brdl wl%uKfha iïmQ¾K iSudj ;=< mq¿,a lf<a kï ^ wo fkdj ta jk jsg

wm oek isgsfha l=ulaoehs hkak foi ne,Sfuka mjd& wdl%uKfha m%;sM,hkays iunnr;dj

fndfyda oqrg Okd;aulj jQjdoehs hkak ms<sn| nrm;, ielhka we;s lsrSug fndfyda

jsYaf,aIKhka wjYH fkdjkq we;'

f,dal kdhl iuq¿j ms<sn| wfmalaIdjka iqka jQ ;ekla .ek o i|yka l< hq;=j

;sfí' ud by;ska i|yka l< ish¨ mq¾j jd¾;djkays jsoskshuhka wdrlaIl uKav,fhka

iïu; lr .efkkq we;hs hk n,dfmdfrd;a;=fjka n,h fhoùfï tu úêkshu

;¾ldkaú;j bÈßm;a fldg ;snqK;a tajd f,dal kdhl iuq¿j úiska iïu; lr .ekqfKa

ke;' tys§ isÿ jQfha tla w;lska n,h fhoùu i|yd ;SrK .ekqKq lsis úfgl j;a tn÷

iSud mekùula fkd;sìh hq;= hehs úYajdi l< weußld tlai;a ckmoh;a wfkla w;ska

n,h fhoùu i|yd ud¾f.damfoaY mkjd th mßmd,kh lsÍu jkdys we;eï wjia:djkays§

j;a n,h fhoùu kS;Hkql+,hehs ms<s.ekafuka thg wkqn, §ula hehs ^ug fmfkk

wkaoug oeä fia fkduÕ f.dia& ;¾l l< f.da,Sh ol=fKa we;eï rdcHhkq;a w;r

fome;a;g we§uls' l;=rl w~q fol fuka jQ fuu rdcH ;dka;%sl mSvkfha m%;sM,h jQfha

hf:dla; ud¾f.damfoaY iïu; fkdùuh'

ienjskau fï wdldrfha lsisu keKj;a usïula fkd;snqkdkï iy wdrlaIl

ukav,h jsiska fuh ud¾f.damfoaYhla f,i ms<s.kq ,enqjd kï " tajd hï ksYaÑ;

wjia:djl l=uk whqßka Ndú; úh hq;= o hk újdoh k;r lsÍug yels jkafka ke;'

ksoiqka jYfhka wo Èk vd*Q¾ys ;;ajh tnÿ tlls' kuq;a wod< jdohka flfrys

15

wjOdkh fhduqlruska, ;¾lhkays ÿ¾j,;djka fy<slruska iy fmdÿfõ tl.;djlg

wkqn, fouska iïmQ¾Kfhkau ysgs yegsfha u;=fjk j¾:udk l%u j,g jvd tajd Wmldr

fkdfõhehs jsYajdi lsrSu ;rula ÿIalrh'

ud fukau fjk;a wh meyeos<s l< ish¨ jrojd jgyd .ekSï i|yd ms<s;=re jyd

iemhsh yels jqj;a zR2PZ uQ,O¾ufha m%§mh fkdksjd mj;ajd f.k hdug kï iEfyk

ú.%y m%h;ak yd wdOdrldÍ m%ldYk isÿúh hq;= njg iel ke;' ta iuÕu wkd.;fha

ljr Èklj;a w;S;fha isÿ jQ iuQ, >d;k fyda lïfndacshdkq fyda rejkavdkq fyda

fndiakshdkq úkdYhka isÿ fkdjkq we; lshd;a" j;auka vd*Q¾ iy kqÿre wkd.; brdl

úm;a;shla wkd.;fha isÿ fkdjkq we; wd§ jYfhkq;a óg fmr lsisúfgl;a fkd;snqKq

úYajdihla 21 jk ishjfia § wm úiska f.dvke.sh hq;=j ;sfns'

uE; ld,fha fus w;=frka, ud we;=¿ w¾nqo iu: lKavdu iy fjk;a m%Odk f.da,Sh

rdcH fkdjk ixjsOdk .Kkdjla iïnkaO jQ tla W;aidyhla f,i ksõfhdala k.rh

flakao% fldg.;a —wdrlaId lsrSug we;s j.lSu ms<sn| kj f.da,Sh uOHia:dkhla” we;s

lsrSu iy ta i|yd wruqo,a /ia lsrSu i|yd jk jHdmD;shla werUqfjuq' tys n,j;a W;=re

ol=Kq ksfhdackhla o ls%hdldrS;ajhla o mej;=Ks' fus i|yd ,xldfõ ckjd¾.sl wOHk

ms<sn| cd;Hdka;r flakaøh ^ICES& jeks wmQ¾j wdh;k o kqÿf¾oSu iïnkaO jkq we;ehs

ud wfmalaId lrñ' n,.;= W;=re-ol=Kq iajrEmhla iu. tlsfkl mrhd hk ;;a;ajl tu

jdohka i|ydu l%shd lsrSu i|yd rdcH fkdjk ixjsOdk, iudk woyia orK rdcHhka

iy cd;Hka;r ixjsOdk wdosfhys f,dj mqrd me;sr we;s wLkav l%shdldrlï i|yd Wmdh

uQ, W;afmarlhla f,i fuh l%shd;aul fjkq we;' we;af;kau fï rfgs iy fï l,dmfha

ksielfhkau fuhg jsreoaOjk we;eï msrsia isgsh yels kuqÿ fuys widisgskkaf.ka

fndfyda fofkla fuh fkduÕ hjk iq¿ m%h;akhlehs fkdis;kq we;ehs ud

n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjus'

ienjskau rdcH iajdOsm;Hh hkq uskSuerSu i|yd n,m;%hla fkdfõh tfia;a ke;skï

rdcHh uskSuereï fyda ish mqrjeishkaf.ka jsYd, msrsila n,y;aldrfhka wj;eka lsrSu

fyda fjk;a wh tfia lsrSfïoS mfilg jS isgSu jeks l=ula fyda uQ,sl jYfhka fkdbjish

yels whq;= hula jrolah hk woyi ms<sn| ixl,amSuh tlÕ;djhlg meusKSug f,dalh

Wu;=fjka fuka Y; j¾I .Kkdjla jeks os.= ld,hla f.k ;sfns' wjidkfha, wdrlaId

lsrSug we;s whs;sh hk uQ,O¾uh 2005 f,dal rdcH kdhlhskaf.a iu¿j jsiska talfy<d

ms<s.ekSu;a iu. oeka fus w¿;a Y; j¾Ih ;=< wm ta i|yd ms<s.ekSula oskdf.k ;sfns'

uf.a wfmalaIdj" iy ud is;kafka fuys /iaj isák Tn ieuf.a o wfmalaIdj" kï tu

16

iïuq;sh lsisÿ f,ilska ì| jefgkakg bv §u fÄojdplhla jkq we;s njhs' tnkaola

isÿj we;ehs fkdis;ñ' tfia jqjo zR2PZ uQ,O¾uh m%;sm;a;suh jYfhka È.ska È.gu

ms<s.ekS mj;skq we;sjd muKla fkdj Ndú;fhka o th Yla;su;a j l%shd;aul jkq we;ehs

iy;sl lr .ekau msKsi f,dj mqrd isák ys;fydo ñksiqka yd .eyeKqka buy;a

m%h;akhl ksr; úh hq;=j we;'

III ó <Õg ud wjidk jYfhka fhduq jkafka" fuu iNdfõ isák Tn we;eful= o

;ukaf.ka u wikq we;s iy ;j állska uf.ka m%Yak lrkqq we;s lreKlg h' tkï fï

lshk ,o ish¨ foa wo Èk ,xldjg wod< jkafka flfia o@ kS,ka ;srefp,ajïf.a fukau

;j;a oyia .Kkdjlf.a o Ôú; ì<s.;a fï l=ßre yd meyeos<sju fkdkj;sk .egqu

kshu wdldrfhka zR2PZ ;;a;ajhla f,i jsia;r l< yelso@ tfia kï thska mek k.sk

ks.uk fudkjd o? l=ula lsrSu ljfrl=f.a j.lsula o?

miq.sh jir ueo tosrsjdoslï h<s werUq Èk isg rch yd t,aààBh ;u hqo lghq;=

iy NSIK l%shd iy ;%ia;úfrdaë fufyhqï hï iSudjla ;=< mj;ajd .ekSug m%fõiï jQy'

miq.sh udi 20 muK ld,h ;=< 4500 lg jeä msßila urKhg m;aj we;s w;r rcfha

yuqod fuka u t,aààBh os.ska os.gu wka;¾cd;sl udkqISh kS;s W,a,x>Kh lr ;sfí'

j;auka m%pKavldß;ajh uyd mßudK wmrdO ;;ajhg fyda meyeÈ,s ck ixydr" hqo

wmrdO" ckjd¾.sl Y+oaO lsrSï fyda ukqIH;ajhg tfrys wmrdO ;;a;ajhg weo jeà iSudj

blaujd f.dia ke;' m%pKavldß;ajh uyd mßudK úm;a;shl yd cd;Hka;rj ms<s.efkk

úkdYhl iSudfjka hka;ï fumsg kj;ajd f.k ;sfí'

Rcqj w;sjsoskakkag hqoaOh jskdYldrS iy l%Er w;aoelSula nj wms oksuq’ ish

oyia ixLdjla fï jk jsg ^UNHCR o;a; wkqj ;=ka ,laI .Kklao, rcfha jd¾;d wkqj

fo,laIla muKo& fldgs m%ydrhka yd fndaïn fy,Sï j,ska fyda rcfha .=jka m%ydr yd

u,ags ner,a m%ydrhkaf.ka osjs .,jd .ekSfuka wk;=rej ia:sr wj;ekajSuj,g uqyqK

fouska udi .Kka jkdka;r ;=< fyda l|jqre ;=< fyda wvq myiqlï iys;j ish kE

ys;j;=kaf.a ksfjia ;=< fjfi;s'

wm okakd ;j;a fohla kï hqoaOh kef.kysßka W;=r fj; úysÿK fyd;a uE;

ld,Sk b;sydih iy j;auka foaYmd,k úp,H;d ms<sn| jegySfuka hq;= ú.%yhka wkqj

fï ;;a;ajh jvd krl w;g yef¾ hehs ìhùug ´kE;rï fya;= ;sfnk njh' fuh

oekgu;a isÿfjñka mj;sk nj fmfka' uE; ld,Sk Y%S ,xld b;sydifha iuQy ñkSj<j,a"

17

nrm;< hqo wmrdO iy ckjd¾.sl Y+oaO lsrSï hk uyd mßudK w;s oreKq l%shdjka

ms<sn| kso¾Yk ´kE;rï ;sfí' ;j o fomd¾Yjfha u fuf;la mej;s ixhuh l%ufhka

ÿ¾j, fjñka mj;sk njg is;a ii, lrjk ,l=Kq my< fjñka mj;S' fomd¾Yajfha u

jpk mdjspspsh iy ;¾ckj, we;s oreKq iajNdjhka ie,ls,a,g .ksñka ó<Õ igk Y%S

,xldfõ iïu;hka wkqj jqj o w;Hka; iajNdjhla orkq we;s nj wkqudk l< yelshhs'

hqoaOh W;=f¾ oekg t,aààBh hgf;a we;s N+ñh fj; úysÿK fyd;a th uE;l§

kef.kysr fmfofia isÿ jQjdg jvd oreKq ùug bv ;sfí' isú,a jeishka flf¾ tys

m%;súmdl w;s úkdYodhl jkq we;' hqoaOh jv jvd l=ßre j;au th W;=relrfhka

msgia;r fmfoia fj; úys§ hdug fndfyda bvlv ;sfí' th iuyr úg isú,a ck;dj

fj; ys;du;d t,a, lrk m%ydr uÕska wka;.dó fukau foaYmd,kuh jYfhka ydkslr

m%;spdr wfkla md¾Yjfhka ,nd .ekau msKsi lrk oE úh yelsh' tn÷ m%ydrhka yd

tajdhska ksh;j u j¾Okh lrk cd;sjdoS wd;;sh fya;=fjka oekg b;sß ù we;s kS;sfha

wdêm;Hfhys fldgia ;j ;j;a úhelS hdug bv ;sfí'

fï ish,a, Y%S ,xldj zR2PZ ;;a;ajhl mj;S hkak ;¾l lsÍu myiq lrhs' fuh

ldïfndacfha, rejkavdfõ, fi%afnsksldfõ fyda fldifjdays yrshgu oeka isÿfjuska mj;sk

fyda isÿjSïj,g wdikaak wldrhl uyd l%Er wmrdO ;;a;ajhla fkdjsh yels kuq;a fuh

we;af;kau tjeks wka;hla lrd msrsySfï yelshdj we;s wjia:djls' tfia kï th mq¿,a

cd;Hka;r m%cdjf.ao Woõ iy iydh we;sj ;jÿrg;a msrsySu k;r lsrSu i|yd Y%s ,xld

rch jsiskau j<ld,sh yels l%shdud¾.hka b,a,d isgsk R2P ;;a;ajhls' Y%s ,xld rch iy

cd;Hka;r m%cdj w;r iyfhda.S;dj we;slr.; yels M,odhS j<ld,sh yels Wmdhud¾.h

l=ula jsh yelso@ tA .ek ish¨ wjYH m%ia;=;hka wjYH ish¨ úia;r o iys;j i¾j

iïmQ¾K úYAf,aIKhla fyda ks¾foaYhla bÈßm;a lsrSug ug fuh wjia:djla fkdfõ'

w¾nqo iu: lKavdfï wm fï wjia:djg iyNd.S jkakg wrUd ;ju jirla .; jQjd

muKs' wms ;ju isÿ jkafka l=ula oehs wOHkh lruska isáuq' ;j o oekg u;a iEfyk

È.= fõ,djla fï foaYkh lrf.k f.dia we;ehs ug yefÕa' ta flfia jqj;a wfma

úksYaph wkqj kS;suh" hqouh yd foaYmd,kuh jYfhka tu l%fudamdh fln÷ úh hq;= o@

hkak .ek m%Odk wx.hka we;=<;a flá igykla bÈßm;a lrkakg jEhï lrñ'

m<uqfjkau wka iEu rdcHhkag fiau ish jeishka ish¿ fokd wdrlaId lsrSfus

wdKavqfjs uqLH j.lSu y\qkd.ksuska kS;sfha reljrK hg;g jeishka ish¿ fokdu

tlfia we;=<;a lsrSu ;yjqre lsrSu ioyd mshjr .; hq;=h' fï iïnkaOfhka jk

b;sydih fuh jevsoshQKq lsrSu i|yd jsYd, wjldYhla b;srs fldg we;s nj fmkakqus

lrhs' Y%S ,xldj ms<sn|j w¾nqo iu: lKavdhfï kj;u jd¾;djg wkqj fldgs ixjsOdkh

18

iy rcfha fyda rchg iïnkaaO wdrlaIl yuqod hk fomd¾Yjh jsiskau isÿ lrk ,o

meyerf.k hdï w;=reoyka lsrSï iy >d;kh lsrSï isoaOSka ish .Kkls' kS;sh ienjskau

iïmQ¾Kfhkau ls%hd;aul fkdjk ;;a;ajhla ;=< fujeks isÿjSï isÿj ;sfns' wo jk úg

rcfha md¾Yjfha mqoa.,hka úiska lr we;s udkj ysuslus W,a,x>k isoaê wrNhd

wêlrK l%shd ud¾. .;a njg m%ldY ù we;af;a tla wjia:djl muKls'

wo wjYH m%uqL;u wjYH;djh jkafka ksYaÑ;j jro lrejka kS;sh bÈßmsgg

f.k tAuhs' fuhska woyia jkafka idlaIslrejka ìh .kajd we;s njg idOl we;s

fmd,Sisfha iy wdrlaIl yuqodj, Woúh úkhdkql+, lrùuhs¦ tfia u idlaIslrejka

wdrlaId flfrk m%n, jev ms<sfj<la msysgqúh hq;=h' fuys§ Y%s ,xldfõ wêlrK l%uh

.ek Wkkaÿjla olajñka iyfhda.h olajk wkH rdcHhkays Wmldr ,eìh yelsh' tA

w;r úksiqre Wvq.uf.a iNdm;s;ajfhka hq;a ckdêm;s fldñiug wjYH m%udKfha

iajdëk m%;smdok ,nd Èh hq;=h' tfiau cd;Hka;r iajdëk WmfoaYlhkaf.ka ieÿï,;a

lKavdhfï ks;Hkql+,Ndjhg wNsfhda. lrñka tys ld¾h iSud lsÍug ;e;a orkq fjkqjg

tys iïm;aj,ska mQ¾K m%fhdack ,nd .ekSu o l< hq;= h'

uE;È tlai;a ckmo fldx.%ia iNdfõ iNslhka fj; weursldfõ isák Y%S ,xld

;dkdm;sjrhd úiska hejqKq ,smshlska fuys udkj whs;Ska ms<sn| ;;ajh ksrSlaIKh

lsÍug tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ix.uh l< bÈßm;aùu m%;slafIam fldg ;snqKs' ta fjkqjg

rcfha fmd,Sisfha yd wêlrKfha yelshd Yla;su;a lr .ekSu i|yd wjYH Ys,amSh iydh

b,a,d ;snqfKa h' flfia fj;;a fïjd ukdmhka fkdjsh hq;=h' uE;ld,Sk fkamd,fha

w;aoelSï fmkakqï lrk wdldrhg ish mqrjeishkaf.a whs;sjdislï wdrCId lsrSfïoS rcfha

ydlshdj j¾Okh lsrSug iy thg wjYH iydh oSfï,d tlai;a c;Skaf.a udkj ysuslï

ksrSCIkhkag jeo.;a ldrH Ndrhla bgq l< yelsh' Y%s ,xld rch tlai;a c;Skaf.a udkj

ysuslï ksrSCIkhka hkak ovqjula fyda wdl%uKhla f,i oelsh hq;= ke;' th rcfha

wdh;kj,g ish ld¾h jvd fydoska bgq lsrSu i|yd Wmldr lsrSug ks¾udKh lrK

,oaols' fuh flfrkafka tla w;lg idlaIs lrejkaf.a wd;au jsYajdih jevs lrjusk's

fojkqj wdKavqjl mru j.lSu ish jeishka wkjYH wjodkul fkdfy<Suh' fuu

fya;=j ksid ;u hqouh fufyhqu t,aààBh hgf;a mj;sk W;=re m<df;a m%foaY fj;

úysÿùfï fm<Uùu md,kh lr .; hq;= h' fuysoSo Y%S ,xldfõ cd;Hka;r us;=rka úiska

bgq l< hq;= ld¾hla ;sfnhs' Y%S ,xldfõ ;=< iduh msysgqjd,Sug jEhï orkakkag

úfYaIfhka ÿIalr m%Yakhla ù we;af;a tla me;a;lska t,aààBh yiqrejd ,Sfï yd yS,E

lr,Sfï ienE ÿIalr;dj fya;=fjks' 2005 wjidkfha iy 2006 wdrïNfha fldgs

ixjsOdkh jsiska ys;du;du l=ms; lrjk wdldrfhka rcfha yuqod fj; t,a, l<

19

m%ydrhka iy isjs,a jeishka b,lal lsrSfï Tjqkaf.a w;S; mqreoao iy W;=f¾ Tjqkaf.a

md,kfha mej;s lDDr iajNdjh hk ;;a;ajhkaysoS meyeos<sju rchg kS;Hdkql+, wdrCIl

wjYH;djka mj;sk w;r rch tajdg m%;spdr oelajsh hq;=h' Y%S ,xld rchg iajlSh

wdrlaIdj i|yd;a ;u rgjeishka wdrlaId lr.ekSu i|yd;a ork kS;Hkql=, m%h;akhkag

cd;Hka;r wdOdrl rgj,g iyfhda.h oelaúh yelafla fldá ixúOdkh f,dj mqrd

lrk wruqo,a tl;= lsÍï" hqo wú ñ,g .ekSï iy Y%S ,xldfjka msg; úisÍ isák fou<

ck;dj flf¾ úysÿjk n,y;aldÍ md,kh wdÈh u¾okh lsÍfuks'

fldá ixúOdkhg miq.sh hq.fha § ;u Yla;sh ;yjqre lr.ekSug bv§u .ek

we;eï úfoaYSh rdcH j.lsj hq;= fõ' th isÿ jqfKa tla w;lska Tjqka ks;Hkql+, cd;sl

úuqla;s ixúOdkhla h hk fkduÕ .sh l,amkdj ksid h' oeka tu jrog ms<shï fh§ug

ld,h t<U ;sfí' ta i|yd Tjqkag hqoaO lsÍu;a ;%ia;jd§ m%ydr t,a, lsÍu;a wmyiq

lrúh hq;= h' ta i|yd t,aààBhg wruqo,a /ia lsÍug;a wú wdhqO ñ,g .ekSug;a

m%pKav;aj m%pdr úiqrejd yeÍug;a tfrysj oekgu;a mkjd we;s iïndOl jvd uekúka

l%shd;aul l< hq;= h'

fï ish¨ oE lshd iy lrjd wjika jQ miq tla wjsksYaps; lreKla b;srsj ;sfí'

tkï" oekg we;s ft;sydisl yd ú.%yd;aul idOl wkqj n,k l, fldá ixúOdkh

hqouh jYfhka mrdch lsÍfï yelshdj ;sfí oehs iel iys;h hkak hs' flfia fj;;a

fldgs ixjsOdkh iïmQ¾Kfhka mrdc l, fkdyels kuq;a yuqoduh jYfhka th ÿ¾j,

lsrSfuka idlpsPd i|yd ienjskau Tjqka kuïjd .; yelshs we;eïuq ;¾l lr;s’' jir

.Kkdjla mqrd tfia lsrSu kej; kej;;a m%;sfCIam l< miq i;H f,iu idlpsPd

wdrïN lsrSug fldgs ixjsOdkhg n,lsrSu i|yd we;eï l%shd ud¾. fidhd.; hq;=h

hkak i;Hhls' tfy;a th l< hq;= wdldrh jkafka jkaksfha Tjqka md,kh lrk

m%foaYj, md,kh kej; ,nd .eksug W;aidh lsrSu hehs is;d.; fkdyelsh' fldgs

ixjsOdkh ie,lsh hq;= f,i ÿ¾j, l< yelshs is;=j;a Tjqka idlpsPd i|yd Wkkaÿ

lsrSfï,d th iqqÿiq ke;ehs miq.sh jir ;sy wmg lshd fohs' fujeks ;;a;ajhla ;=<

wiïu; hqO l%shdud¾. i|yd miq neiSu iy fou< ck;dj fj; m%ydr t,a, lsrSu i|yd

wdKvqj iy isxy,hska Wis .ekajSu i|yd fndfyda jsg ie,iqï l< m%ydrhka osh;a lsrSu

wdosh LTTE fha jvd jsh yels m%;spdrhkah'

f;jkqj fou< ck;djf.a b,a,Su ;=< mj;sh yels hqla;shla fj; wkql+,;djla olajk

foaYmd,k jsioqula ms<sn|j wjxlju fidhd n,Su rcfha j.lSuls' —miqj idlpsPd lsrSu

i|yd oeka igka lruq” hk Wmdh iïmQ¾Kfhkau ls%hd;aul l< yels kï th id¾:l

jkafka fnÿïjdoS fkdjk iy LTTE fkdjk o%jsv fldgia b,a,d isgsk iy wvqu ;ruska

20

LTTE ;=<u idlpsPdjsh yelss foaYmd,k iy jHjia:d m%;sixialrK fhdackd ud,djla

i|yd rch iQodkï kï muKs'

wjidkfhaoS fldgs ixjsOdkh m%;spdr oelajsh yelshs is;sh yels tlu mSvkh foaYmd,k

mSvkhhs' o%jsv ck;djf.a ÿla .ekjs<s j,g jsiÿï fok jHjia:d m%;sixialrK i|yd

wjidkfha m%Odk foaYmd,k mCI fol mdusfKk tlÕ;dj u; we;sjk foaYSh mSvkh

iy hqoaOh mj;ajd f.k hdu i|yd wruqo,a /ia lsrSfï iy W;=r Tjqkaf.a .%yKh u;

mj;ajdf.k hdfï fldgs ixjsOdkfha yelshdj iSud lrk wdldrfha cd;Hka;r mSvkfha

ixfhdackhla fus i|yd ;snsh yelsh' rcfha wkqrEm foaYmd,k l%shdj,shlska f;drj

fldgs ixjsOdkh u; we;sjk cd;Hka;r mSvkh M,odhS fkdjsh yelsjd muKla fkdj

th ;j ÿrg;a fldgs ixjsOdkh yqol,d lsrSug iy wka;jdoh foig ;,a,q jsug fukau

uOHia: o%jsv m%cdj Tjqka foig ;,a,q jsug fya;= jk m%udKhg fndfyda jsg th ÿia

M,odhS jsug mjd yelsh' fuysoS b;du;au flgsfhka lsj hq;af;a rch wvqu ;ruska

fnÿïjdoS fkdjk fou< kdhlhka ienE f,i ms<s.kakd jHjia:duh jsiÿula bosrsm;a

lrk f;la W;=f¾ myroSfï l%shdkajs;hka i|yd cd;Hka;r iydhla fkd;snsh hq;=h

hkakhs'

ksus l%shdj,shla imhk ;siai ú;drK wud;Hjrhdf.a m%Odk;ajfhka /iajk i¾j mdlaIsl

iuq¿j yryd YS%,ksmh yd rch ;=< fuka bka msg; isák mlaIj,g tn÷ fhdackdjla

.ek iïuq;shlg t<ôh yelsh' fuysoS jsoaj;a lñgqj ksl=;a l< nyq;r jd¾;dj yd

iq¿;r jd¾;dj hk fol wjidk tlÕ;djla f.dv kÕd .ekSug ukd wdrïNhla imhd

foa' rch úiska i¾j mdlaIsl iuq¿ l%shdoduh Èß .ekaùu msKsi l< yels ish¨ foa bgq

l< hq;= h' wdrïNhla f,i l< yelafla Y%s,ksmh ;ukaf.a fhdackdfõ u t,an

fkdisák njg yd m<d;a uÜgfï jvd mq¿,a n,h fnod yeÍulg fmdÿ tlÕ;djla we;s

jqjfyd;a thg tfrysj fkdhk njg m%isoaO m%ldYhla ksl=;a lsÍu h' ta w;r úmlaIfha

foaYmd,k mlaI - jsfYaIfhka tlai;a cd;sl mCIh - uQ,sl iy l,amj;sk jsiÿula

ilia lsrSu i|yd jk w¾:j;a fhdackd oshqKq lsrSfïoS thg iydh oSug ish leu;af;kau

l%shdldrSj iy Woafhda.su;aj fï ls%hdj,sfha idudcslhska jSu wjYHh h'

21

22

IV zR2PZ uQ,O¾uh ms<sn| ud fuf;la i|yka l< lreKq j¾:udk Y%s ,xldj ;=< is;a

lïmdlrjk ;;a;ajhg Ndjs;d lrkq we;af;a flfiaoehs hkak we;=¿j, th ixlS¾K iy

nyq uskqï ixl,amhlah nj meyeÈ,s jkakg we;hs ud n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjus' tfiau zR2PZ

uQ,O¾uh ie,iqï jQfha meyeos<sju yslaujsh fkdyels wNHka;r ;;a;ajhka i|yd

cd;Hka;r iydh o we;sj u. fidhd .ekSug rgj,g kshu wdldrfhka Wmldr lsrSu

b,lal lr f.kh' tfiau fuu ixl,amh ngysr wOsrdcHjdoSkaf.a wdhqOhla f,i jsia;r

lsrSu ir,j ydiH cklh'

wo kS,ka ;srefp,ajï Ôj;a j isáhd kï fuh wjfndaO lr .ekSfï lsisÿ wmyiqjla

Tyqg ;sfnkq we;ehs fkdis;ñ' rdcHh fyda cd;sh fyda ck;dj ms<sn| lsisu jeiqKq

ia:s;sl ia:djrhlg Tyqf.a mdCImd;S;ajhka fkdjSh' rcH iajdOsm;Hfha iSudjka iy

iajdOsm;s rdcHhl j.lSïj, iajNdjh l=ulao hkak ms<sn| fyd| wjfndaOhla ;snqKs'

Tyqf.a m%Odk nqoaOsuh yd foaYmd,k wr.,h jqfha isxy, fyda fou< fyda fjsjd tlsfkl

mrhd hk iy wdrCIdldrS cd;sjdohkaf.ka Tnsng .sh Y%s ,dxlSh foaYmd,kh

m%;sks¾udKh lsrSug iydhjSuh' kshu i¾jfoaYjdoshl= f,i fï ;=< Tyqf.a bosrs o¾Ykh

jqfha tjeks rdcH ixia:djl yelshdjka ms<sn| oekqj;aj isgSfuka mQ¿,a f,dalhlg odhl

jSh yelsj ;snqKq njhs' m%;sm;a;suh iy ix.; wdldrhla ;=< l%shdldrs jq mQ¿,a

cd;Hka;r m%cdjg th iemhqfõ l=ulao@ fï rg ;=< iduhs, ia:dhS;dj iy

ixj¾Okfhys,d thg odhl jSh yelsj ;snqKq njhs’

jokaj, yd woyiaj, n,h, nyqjsO;dj iy m%cd;ka;%jdoh ms<sn| Thqf.a weoySu, udkj

whs;Ska yd kS;sfha wdêm;Hh iq/lSu i|yd Tyq oelajQ ls%hdYS,s;ajh;a ;u foaYh úiska

;uka fj;u muqKqjd .;a fõokdldÍ ;=jd, iqj lsrSfï,d idlÉPduh ls%hdoduhla msKsi

fjfyi fkdn,d .;a m%h;akh;a ksid Tyq fYa%IaG YS% ,dxlslfhl= jQjd muKla fkdj

fY%aIaG cd;Hka;r mqrjeisfhl= o njg m;a úh' wo wm fï iurkafka tjekafkl=f.a

u;lhhs' Tyqf.a úYajdih yd m%;sm;a;s fukau tajd m%dfhda.slj l%shdjg kexùug Tyq ;=<

jQ yelshdj Ys% ,xldjg fukau mq¿,a f.da,Sh m%cdjg wka ljodg;a jvd ;on, f,i wjYH

jS we;'