1. te bao eukaryote

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TETETETEÁÁÁÁ BABABABAØØØØO EUKARYOTO EUKARYOTO EUKARYOTO EUKARYOT

•••• TieTieTieTieáááángngngng HyHyHyHy lalalalaïïïïpppp: : : : EuEuEuEu = = = = ththththöïöïöïöïccccKaryonKaryonKaryonKaryon: : : : nhaânnhaânnhaânnhaân

• HieHieHieHieäääännnn diediediedieäääännnn: : : : sinhsinhsinhsinh vavavavaäääätttt nguyeânnguyeânnguyeânnguyeân sinhsinhsinhsinh, , , , nanananaáááámmmm, , , , ththththöïöïöïöïcccc vavavavaäääätttt, , , , ññññooooäääängngngng vavavavaäääätttt

• CaCaCaCaááááuuuu tatatataïïïïoooo: : : : ---- mamamamaøøøøngngngng tbtbtbtb---- chachachachaáááátttt tbtbtbtb & & & & cacacacaùùùùcccc babababaøøøøoooo quanquanquanquan---- nhaânnhaânnhaânnhaân

•••• TB TB TB TB ththththöïöïöïöïcccc vavavavaäääätttt cocococoùùùù vavavavaùùùùchchchch ccccöùöùöùöùngngngng babababaèèèèngngngng cellulose & cellulose & cellulose & cellulose & pecticpecticpecticpectic, , , , cocococoùùùù lulululuïïïïcccc lalalalaïïïïpppp

•••• TB TB TB TB ññññooooäääängngngng vavavavaäääätttt khoângkhoângkhoângkhoâng cocococoùùùù....

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Cấu trúc của tế bào Eukaryot

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Cấu trúc của Tế bào thực vật

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•••• KKKKííííchchchch ththththööööôôôôùùùùcccc: TB TV & : TB TV & : TB TV & : TB TV & ÑÑÑÑV 10 V 10 V 10 V 10 ----100 100 100 100 µµµµm, m, m, m, • sôsôsôsôïïïïiiii GaiGaiGaiGai: 20 cm; : 20 cm; : 20 cm; : 20 cm; tbtbtbtb côcôcôcô & & & & thathathathaàààànnnn kinhkinhkinhkinh rarararaáááátttt dadadadaøøøøiiii....•••• HHHHììììnhnhnhnh dadadadaïïïïngngngng: : : : thaythaythaythay ññññooooååååiiii theotheotheotheo chchchchöùöùöùöùcccc naêngnaêngnaêngnaêng. . . . • TB TB TB TB thathathathaàààànnnn kinhkinhkinhkinh dadadadaøøøøiiii ññññeeeeåååå truyetruyetruyetruyeàààànnnn luoluoluoluoààààngngngng thathathathaàààànnnn kinhkinhkinhkinhnhanhnhanhnhanhnhanh chochochochoùùùùngngngng; ; ; ; trtrtrtröùöùöùöùngngngng chimchimchimchim to to to to chchchchöùöùöùöùaaaa nhienhienhienhieààààuuuu chachachachaááááttttdinhdinhdinhdinh ddddööööôõngôõngôõngôõng; ; ; ; tbtbtbtb hohohohoààààngngngng cacacacaààààuuuu cocococoùùùù kkkkííííchchchch ththththööööôôôôùùùùcccc nhonhonhonhoûûûû (# (# (# (# 8888µµµµm) m) m) m) →→→→ qua qua qua qua cacacacaùùùùcccc mamamamaïïïïchchchch mamamamaùùùùuuuu nhonhonhonhoûûûû nhanhanhanhaáááátttt ....

• TB TB TB TB ththththöïöïöïöïcccc vavavavaäääätttt hhhhììììnhnhnhnh dadadadaïïïïngngngng nhanhanhanhaáááátttt ññññònhònhònhònh: : : : hhhhììììnhnhnhnh hohohohoääääpppp dadadadaøøøøiiii, , , , hhhhììììnhnhnhnh thoithoithoithoi, , , , hhhhììììnhnhnhnh saosaosaosao,... ,... ,... ,...

HHHHììììnhnhnhnh dadadadaïïïïngngngng vavavavaøøøø kkkkííííchchchch ththththööööôôôôùùùùcccc teteteteáááá babababaøøøøoooo

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MÀNG TẾ BÀO

� MaMaMaMaøøøøngngngng sinhsinhsinhsinh chachachachaáááátttt....∗∗∗∗ baobaobaobao boboboboïïïïcccc beânbeânbeânbeân ngoangoangoangoaøøøøiiii TB TB TB TB

• ∗∗∗∗ giôgiôgiôgiôùùùùiiii hahahahaïïïïnnnn ññññooooääää lôlôlôlôùùùùnnnn TB & TB & TB & TB & duyduyduyduy trtrtrtrìììì ≠≠≠≠ gigigigiööööõaõaõaõa cacacacaááááuuuutrutrutrutruùùùùcccc beânbeânbeânbeân trongtrongtrongtrong TB & TB & TB & TB & moâimoâimoâimoâi trtrtrtrööööôôôôøøøøngngngng beânbeânbeânbeânngoangoangoangoaøøøøiiii....

• ---- ChieChieChieChieáááámmmm 80% 80% 80% 80% khokhokhokhoááááiiii llllööööôôôôïïïïngngngng khoâkhoâkhoâkhoâ trongtrongtrongtrong tbtbtbtb. . . . ---- DaDaDaDaøøøøyyyy # 70 # 70 # 70 # 70 –––– 100 100 100 100 Ăngstronngstronngstronngstron. . . . ---- GoGoGoGoààààmmmm: Lipid, protein, : Lipid, protein, : Lipid, protein, : Lipid, protein, carbohydratcarbohydratcarbohydratcarbohydrat. . . .

TETETETEÁÁÁÁ BABABABAØØØØO EUKARYOTO EUKARYOTO EUKARYOTO EUKARYOT

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MaMaMaMaøøøøngngngng teteteteáááá babababaøøøøooooCaCaCaCaááááuuuu tatatataïïïïoooo ddddööööôôôôùùùùiiii K H V K H V K H V K H V ññññieieieieäääännnn ttttöûöûöûöû

• •••• 2 2 2 2 lôlôlôlôùùùùpppp saãmsaãmsaãmsaãm ssongssongssongssong kekekekeïïïïpppp gigigigiööööõaõaõaõa 1 1 1 1 lôlôlôlôùùùùpppp nhanhanhanhaïïïïtttt. . . . • •••• MoãiMoãiMoãiMoãi lôlôlôlôùùùùpppp dadadadaøøøøyyyy # 25# 25# 25# 25----30 30 30 30 Å• •••• LôLôLôLôùùùùpppp nhanhanhanhaïïïïtttt = = = = lôlôlôlôùùùùpppp lipid lipid lipid lipid kekekekeùùùùpppp• •••• 2 2 2 2 lôlôlôlôùùùùpppp saãmsaãmsaãmsaãm = = = = phaânphaânphaânphaân ttttöûöûöûöû proteinproteinproteinprotein

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Cấu trúc màng sinh chất

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1. 1. 1. 1. LôLôLôLôùùùùpppp lipid lipid lipid lipid kekekekeùùùùpppp� TTTTíííínhnhnhnh chachachachaáááátttt chungchungchungchung� LaLaLaLaøøøø phaphaphaphaàààànnnn cacacacaááááuuuu trutrutrutruùùùùcccc côcôcôcô babababaûûûûnnnn cucucucuûûûûaaaa mamamamaøøøøngngngng schaschaschaschaáááátttt. . . . � GoGoGoGoààààmmmm 3 3 3 3 loaloaloaloaïïïïiiii phaânphaânphaânphaân ttttöûöûöûöû lipid: lipid: lipid: lipid:

---- Phospholipid Phospholipid Phospholipid Phospholipid ---- Cholesterol Cholesterol Cholesterol Cholesterol ---- GlycolipidGlycolipidGlycolipidGlycolipid

MoãiMoãiMoãiMoãi loaloaloaloaïïïïiiii ññññeeeeààààuuuu cocococoùùùù 2 2 2 2 ññññaaaaààààuuuu: : : : ööööaaaa nnnnööööôôôôùùùùcccc, , , , kkkkîîîî nnnnööööôôôôùùùùcccc. . . .

MÀNG SINH CHẤT

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� CaCaCaCaùùùùcccc phaânphaânphaânphaân ttttöûöûöûöû lipid lipid lipid lipid tatatataïïïïoooo thathathathaøøøønhnhnhnh haihaihaihai daõydaõydaõydaõy phaânphaânphaânphaânttttöûöûöûöû quay 2 quay 2 quay 2 quay 2 ññññaaaaààààuuuu kkkkîîîî nnnnööööôôôôùùùùcccc vavavavaøøøøoooo nhaunhaunhaunhau→ dadadadaááááuuuuññññaaaaààààuuuu kkkkîîîî nnnnööööôôôôùùùùcccc => => => => MaMaMaMaøøøøngngngng cocococoùùùù xuxuxuxu hhhhööööôôôôùùùùngngngng kekekekeááááttttddddíííínhnhnhnh vavavavaøøøø khekhekhekheùùùùpppp kkkkíííínnnn. . . .

� CaCaCaCaùùùùcccc phaânphaânphaânphaân ttttöûöûöûöû lipid lipid lipid lipid chchchchææææ aaaaùùùùpppp sasasasaùùùùtttt nhaunhaunhaunhau→ mamamamaøøøøngngngngcocococoùùùù ttttíííínhnhnhnh linhlinhlinhlinh ññññooooäääängngngng. . . .

� chiechiechiechieáááámmmm gagagagaàààànnnn 50% 50% 50% 50% khokhokhokhoááááiiii llllööööôôôôïïïïngngngng cucucucuûûûûaaaa phaphaphaphaàààànnnn lôlôlôlôùùùùnnnncacacacaùùùùcccc mamamamaøøøøngngngng TB TB TB TB ññññooooäääängngngng vavavavaäääätttt, TV., TV., TV., TV.

MÀNG SINH CHẤT- lớp lipid kép

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• TTTTíííínhnhnhnh linhlinhlinhlinh ññññooooäääängngngng::::

• •••• TaTaTaTaùùùùiiii hôhôhôhôïïïïpppp nhanhnhanhnhanhnhanh moãimoãimoãimoãi khikhikhikhi bòbòbòbò mômômômôûûûû rararara....

• •••• CoCoCoCoùùùù thethethetheåååå tietietietieáááápppp nhanhanhanhaäääännnn momomomoäääätttt lipid lipid lipid lipid mômômômôùùùùiiii vavavavaøøøøoooo mamamamaøøøøngngngng. . . .

• •••• HôHôHôHôïïïïpppp nhanhanhanhaáááátttt haihaihaihai mamamamaøøøøngngngng teteteteáááá babababaøøøøoooo = = = = hohohohoøøøøaaaa nhanhanhanhaääääpppp mamamamaøøøøngngngng. . . .

• •••• CoCoCoCoùùùù khakhakhakhaûûûû naêngnaêngnaêngnaêng chuyechuyechuyechuyeåååånnnn ññññooooäääängngngng: : : : ngangngangngangngang, , , , dodododoïïïïcccc, , , , ttttöïöïöïöï xoayxoayxoayxoay. . . .


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� ThaThaThaThaøøøønhnhnhnh phaphaphaphaàààànnnn lipid lipid lipid lipid

a. a. a. a. PhospholipidPhospholipidPhospholipidPhospholipid (55%)(55%)(55%)(55%)---- NhieNhieNhieNhieààààuuuu nhanhanhanhaáááátttt → tatatataïïïïoooo 2 2 2 2 daõydaõydaõydaõy. . . . ---- GoGoGoGoààààm1m1m1m1ññññaaaaààààu (u (u (u (ööööaaaa nnnnööööôôôôùùùùcccc) & 2 ) & 2 ) & 2 ) & 2 ññññuoâiuoâiuoâiuoâi ((((kkkkîîîî nnnnööööôôôôùùùùcccc) ) ) ) ---- ChChChChöùöùöùöùcccc naêngnaêngnaêngnaêng: : : : lalalalaøøøømmmm dung dung dung dung moâimoâimoâimoâi cucucucuûûûûaaaa cacacacaùùùùcccc protein protein protein protein mamamamaøøøøngngngng, , , , giugiugiugiuùùùùpppp protein protein protein protein mamamamaøøøøngngngng hoahoahoahoaïïïïtttt ññññooooäääängngngng totototoááááiiii ööööuuuu. . . .


12Phospholipid

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b. Cholesterol ( 25b. Cholesterol ( 25b. Cholesterol ( 25b. Cholesterol ( 25----30%)30%)30%)30%)---- LaLaLaLaøøøø momomomoäääätttt steroid: sterol + acid steroid: sterol + acid steroid: sterol + acid steroid: sterol + acid bebebebeùùùùoooo. . . . ---- XenXenXenXen gigigigiööööõaõaõaõa cacacacaùùùùcccc phospholipidphospholipidphospholipidphospholipid → ngaênngaênngaênngaên cacacacaûûûûnnnn cacacacaùùùùccccññññuoâiuoâiuoâiuoâi hydrocabonhydrocabonhydrocabonhydrocabon cucucucuûûûûaaaa cacacacaùùùùcccc phân tửphospholipidphospholipidphospholipidphospholipid lieânlieânlieânlieân kekekekeáááátttt nhaunhaunhaunhau→ duyduyduyduy trtrtrtrìììì ttttíííínhnhnhnhlinhlinhlinhlinh ññññooooäääängngngng cucucucuûûûûaaaa mamamamaøøøøngngngng. . . .

---- ChChChChứcccc nnnnăngngngng: : : : duyduyduyduy trtrtrtrìììì ttttíííínhnhnhnh bebebebeàààànnnn côcôcôcô hohohohoïïïïcccc cucucucuûûûûaaaamamamamaøøøøngngngng. . . .

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CholesterolCholesterolCholesterolCholesterol

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c. c. c. c. GlycolipidGlycolipidGlycolipidGlycolipid (15%)(15%)(15%)(15%)---- GlycolipidGlycolipidGlycolipidGlycolipid = lipid + = lipid + = lipid + = lipid + oligosaccaridoligosaccaridoligosaccaridoligosaccarid ((((cocococoùùùù íííítttt ñöñöñöñöôôôôøøøøngngngng 6 C)6 C)6 C)6 C)

---- HieHieHieHieäääännnn diediediedieäääännnn:::: mamamamaøøøøngngngng TB TB TB TB ññññooooäääängngngng vavavavaäääätttt, TB , TB , TB , TB tvatvatvatvaäääätttt & vi & vi & vi & vi khuakhuakhuakhuaåååånnnn. . . .

---- SaSaSaSaéééépppp xexexexeáááápppp: : : : xenxenxenxen keõkeõkeõkeõ vôvôvôvôùùùùiiii cacacacaùùùùcccc phaânphaânphaânphaân ttttöûöûöûöû phospholipidphospholipidphospholipidphospholipid, , , , nhonhonhonhoùùùùmmmmñöñöñöñöôôôôøøøøngngngng lolololoääää rararara bebebebeàààà mamamamaëëëëtttt TB. TB. TB. TB.

---- ChChChChöùöùöùöùcccc naêngnaêngnaêngnaêng: : : : lalalalaøøøø cacacacaùùùùcccc phaânphaânphaânphaân ttttöûöûöûöû tietietietieáááápppp nhanhanhanhaäääännnn cacacacaùùùùcccc ttttíííínnnn hiehiehiehieääääuuuu gigigigiööööõaõaõaõacacacacaùùùùcccc TB.TB.TB.TB.

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Glycolipid

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2. Các phân tử protein� ChieChieChieChieáááámmmm ≈ 50% 50% 50% 50% khokhokhokhoááááiiii llllööööôôôôïïïïngngngng mamamamaøøøøngngngng sinhsinhsinhsinh chachachachaáááátttt. . . .

•••• MaMaMaMaøøøøngngngng tytytyty thethethetheåååå, , , , lalalalaïïïïpppp thethethetheåååå # 75%.# 75%.# 75%.# 75%.

•••• MaMaMaMaøøøøngngngng myelin myelin myelin myelin cucucucuûûûûaaaa daâydaâydaâydaây thathathathaàààànnnn kinhkinhkinhkinh < 25%.< 25%.< 25%.< 25%.� SoSoSoSoáááá phaânphaânphaânphaân ttttöûöûöûöû protein protein protein protein íííítttt hônhônhônhôn lipid (1:50)lipid (1:50)lipid (1:50)lipid (1:50)� VeVeVeVeàààà cacacacaááááuuuu tatatataïïïïoooo cocococoùùùù >50 >50 >50 >50 loaloaloaloaïïïïiiii

MÀNG SINH CHẤT- Protein màng

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Cấu trúc màng sinh chất

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4 4 4 4 loaloaloaloaïïïïiiii ((((theotheotheotheo vòvòvòvò trtrtrtríííí): ): ): ): ---- Protein Protein Protein Protein xuyeânxuyeânxuyeânxuyeân mamamamaøøøøngngngng---- Protein Protein Protein Protein cacacacaøøøøiiii 1 1 1 1 phaphaphaphaàààànnnn vavavavaøøøøoooo mamamamaøøøøngngngng---- Protein Protein Protein Protein ngoangoangoangoaïïïïiiii vi:vi:vi:vi:. . . . LieânLieânLieânLieân kekekekeáááátttt vôvôvôvôùùùùiiii protein protein protein protein xuyeânxuyeânxuyeânxuyeân mamamamaøøøøngngngng. . . . NaNaNaNaèèèèmmmm ttttöïöïöïöï do do do do treântreântreântreân bebebebeàààà mamamamaëëëëtttt mamamamaøøøøngngngng


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Các loại protein màng

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ChChChChöùöùöùöùcccc naêngnaêngnaêngnaêng protein protein protein protein mamamamaøøøøngngngng: : : : ---- TaTaTaTaïïïïoooo neânneânneânneân cacacacaùùùùcccc choãchoãchoãchoã nonononoááááiiii gigigigiööööõaõaõaõa 2 TB. 2 TB. 2 TB. 2 TB. ---- CoCoCoCoùùùù thethethetheåååå lalalalaøøøø cacacacaùùùùcccc enzymenzymenzymenzym hay hay hay hay cacacacaùùùùcccc phaânphaânphaânphaân ttttöûöûöûöûvavavavaäääännnn chuyechuyechuyechuyeåååånnnn chachachachaáááátttt qua qua qua qua mamamamaøøøøngngngng. . . . ---- LaLaLaLaøøøø cacacacaùùùùcccc thuthuthuthuïïïï thethethetheåååå (receptor) (receptor) (receptor) (receptor) nhanhanhanhaäääännnn thoângthoângthoângthoâng tintintintinïïïïttttöøöøöøöø moâimoâimoâimoâi trtrtrtrööööôôôôøøøøngngngng ngoangoangoangoaøøøøiiii TB & TB & TB & TB & dòchdòchdòchdòch cacacacaùùùùcccc thoângthoângthoângthoângtin tin tin tin thathathathaøøøønhnhnhnh cacacacaùùùùcccc ttttíííínnnn hiehiehiehieääääuuuu rieângrieângrieângrieâng. . . .


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Chöùc naêng protein maøng

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Chöùc naêng protein maøng

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MÀNG SINH CHẤT

3. 3. 3. 3. CarbonhydratCarbonhydratCarbonhydratCarbonhydrat cucucucuûûûûaaaa mamamamaøøøøngngngng---- ChieChieChieChieáááámmmm ttttöøöøöøöø 2 2 2 2 –––– 10% 10% 10% 10% khokhokhokhoááááiiii llllööööôôôôïïïïngngngng mamamamaøøøøngngngng....

• ---- DDDDööööôôôôùùùùiiii dadadadaïïïïngngngng chuoãichuoãichuoãichuoãi oligosaccaridoligosaccaridoligosaccaridoligosaccarid::::. . . . LieânLieânLieânLieân kekekekeáááátttt vôvôvôvôùùùùiiii lipid lipid lipid lipid →→→→ glycolipidglycolipidglycolipidglycolipid. . . . LieânLieânLieânLieân kekekekeáááátttt vôvôvôvôùùùùiiii protein protein protein protein →→→→ glycoprotein.glycoprotein.glycoprotein.glycoprotein.

• ---- LoLoLoLoääää rararara bebebebeàààà mamamamaëëëëtttt ngoangoangoangoaøøøøiiii cucucucuûûûûaaaa mamamamaøøøøngngngng....• ---- ChChChChöùöùöùöùcccc naêngnaêngnaêngnaêng: : : : nhnhnhnhöööö nhnhnhnhööööõngõngõngõng tatatataáááámmmm nhaõnnhaõnnhaõnnhaõn, , , , giugiugiugiuùùùùpppp

protein protein protein protein babababaùùùùmmmm chachachachaéééécccc vavavavaøøøøoooo mamamamaøøøøngngngng lipid.lipid.lipid.lipid.

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• Chöùc naêng cuûa maøng sinh chaát:---- BaoBaoBaoBao boboboboïïïïcccc teteteteáááá babababaøøøøoooo, , , , ngaênngaênngaênngaên cacacacaùùùùchchchch teteteteáááá babababaøøøøoooo vôvôvôvôùùùùiiii moâimoâimoâimoâitrtrtrtrööööôôôôøøøøngngngng....

- Có ttttíííínhnhnhnh thathathathaáááámmmm chochochochoïïïïnnnn lolololoïïïïcccc- Có khakhakhakhaûûûû naêngnaêngnaêngnaêng biebiebiebieáááánnnn hhhhììììnhnhnhnh---- DaãnDaãnDaãnDaãn truyetruyetruyetruyeàààànnnn xungxungxungxung ññññooooäääängngngng thathathathaàààànnnn kinhkinhkinhkinh....

MÀNG SINH CHẤT- chức năng

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� NhaNhaNhaNhaäääännnn diediediedieäääännnn cacacacaùùùùcccc teteteteáááá babababaøøøøoooo ññññooooààààngngngng loaloaloaloaïïïïiiii hay hay hay hay khakhakhakhaùùùùccccloaloaloaloaïïïïiiii....

� NhaNhaNhaNhaäääännnn diediediedieäääännnn cacacacaùùùùcccc hormonhormonhormonhormon hoahoahoahoaëëëëcccc cacacacaùùùùcccc chachachachaáááátttt lalalalaïïïï((((nhônhônhônhôøøøø cacacacaùùùùcccc protein protein protein protein thuthuthuthuïïïï thethethetheåååå))))

� CoCoCoCoùùùù chchchchöùöùöùöùcccc naêngnaêngnaêngnaêng mieãnmieãnmieãnmieãn dòchdòchdòchdòch ((((nhanhanhanhaäääännnn diediediedieäääännnn khakhakhakhaùùùùngngngngnguyeânnguyeânnguyeânnguyeân, , , , sasasasaûûûûnnnn xuaxuaxuaxuaáááátttt khakhakhakhaùùùùngngngng thethethetheåååå →→→→ phaphaphaphaûûûûnnnn öùöùöùöùngngngngkhakhakhakhaùùùùngngngng nguyeânnguyeânnguyeânnguyeân –––– khakhakhakhaùùùùngngngng thethethetheåååå

MÀNG SINH CHẤT- Chức năng

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MaMaMaMaøøøøngngngng celluosecelluosecelluosecelluose ---- Vách tế bào

� ChChChChææææ cocococoùùùù ôôôôûûûû teteteteáááá babababaøøøøoooo ththththöïöïöïöïcccc vavavavaäääätttt....� GoGoGoGoààààmmmm::::1. Phiến giữa: hầu như chỉ có pectin.2. Vách sơ cấp: cellulose, pectin & hemicellulose,

dày 1-3 µµµµm.3. Vách thứ cấp: cellulose + lignin, dày 4 µµµµm

hoặc hơn.TreânTreânTreânTreân vavavavaùùùùchchchch TB TB TB TB cocococoùùùù nhienhienhienhieààààuuuu loãloãloãloã →→→→ nnnnööööôôôôùùùùcccc, , , , khoângkhoângkhoângkhoâng khkhkhkhíííí & & & & cacacacaùùùùcccc chachachachaáááátttt hohohohoøøøøaaaa tan di tan di tan di tan di chuyechuyechuyechuyeåååånnnn ttttöøöøöøöø TB TB TB TB nanananaøøøøyyyy →→→→TBTBTBTBkhakhakhakhaùùùùcccc. . . .

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Cấu trúc của vách tế bào thực vật

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• PhiePhiePhiePhieáááánnnn gigigigiööööõaõaõaõa::::♣♣♣♣ hhhhììììnhnhnhnh thathathathaøøøønhnhnhnh ññññeeeeåååå chia TB chia TB chia TB chia TB memememeïïïï →→→→ 2TB con. 2TB con. 2TB con. 2TB con. ♣♣♣♣ lalalalaøøøø phiephiephiephieáááánnnn chungchungchungchung, , , , gagagagaéééénnnn 2 TB 2 TB 2 TB 2 TB lielielielieàààànnnn kekekekeàààà. . . . ♣♣♣♣ ThaThaThaThaøøøønhnhnhnh phaphaphaphaàààànnnn lalalalaøøøø pectinpectinpectinpectin ddddööööôôôôùùùùiiii dadadadaïïïïngngngng pectatpectatpectatpectatcalcium. calcium. calcium. calcium.

♣♣♣♣ NeNeNeNeááááuuuu pectinpectinpectinpectin bòbòbòbò tan, tan, tan, tan, cacacacaùùùùcccc TB TB TB TB gagagagaéééénnnn vavavavaøøøøoooo nhaunhaunhaunhau yeyeyeyeááááuuuuhônhônhônhôn

VaVaVaVaùùùùchchchch teteteteáááá babababaøøøøoooo ththththöïöïöïöïcccc vavavavaäääätttt---- CaCaCaCaááááuuuu tatatataïïïïoooo

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VaVaVaVaùùùùchchchch sôsôsôsô cacacacaáááápppp::::♣♣♣♣ do do do do teteteteáááá babababaøøøøoooo chachachachaáááátttt tatatataïïïïoooo ra ra ra ra ♣♣♣♣ cacacacaááááuuuu tatatataïïïïoooo chuchuchuchuûûûû yeyeyeyeááááuuuu lalalalaøøøø cellulose & cellulose & cellulose & cellulose & pectinpectinpectinpectin. . . . ♣♣♣♣ CaCaCaCaùùùùcccc lôlôlôlôùùùùpppp sôsôsôsôïïïïiiii cellulose cellulose cellulose cellulose xexexexeáááápppp songsongsongsong songsongsongsong vôvôvôvôùùùùiiiinhaunhaunhaunhau, , , , chechechecheùùùùoooo nhaunhaunhaunhau momomomoäääätttt gogogogoùùùùcccc 606060600000 ---- 909090900000. . . .

♣♣♣♣ SSSSöïöïöïöï dadadadaøøøøyyyy khoângkhoângkhoângkhoâng ññññooooààààngngngng ññññeeeeààààuuuu→→→→ tatatataïïïïoooo cacacacaùùùùcccc loãloãloãloã treântreântreântreânvavavavaùùùùchchchch TB. TB. TB. TB.

♣♣♣♣ TB TB TB TB moâmoâmoâmoâ memememeààààmmmm chchchchææææ cocococoùùùù vavavavaùùùùchchchch sôsôsôsô cacacacaáááápppp & & & & phiephiephiephieáááánnnngigigigiööööõaõaõaõa....

VaVaVaVaùùùùchchchch teteteteáááá babababaøøøøoooo ththththöïöïöïöïcccc vavavavaäääätttt---- CaCaCaCaááááuuuu tatatataïïïïoooo

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Sắp xếp của các lớp cellulose

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VaVaVaVaùùùùchchchch ththththöùöùöùöù cacacacaáááápppp♣♣♣♣ do do do do teteteteáááá babababaøøøøoooo chachachachaáááátttt tatatataïïïïoooo ra ra ra ra →→→→ nanananaèèèèmmmm gigigigiööööõaõaõaõa vavavavaùùùùchchchch sôsôsôsôcacacacaáááápppp & & & & mamamamaøøøøngngngng sinhsinhsinhsinh chachachachaáááátttt

♣♣♣♣ ccccöùöùöùöùngngngng hônhônhônhôn, n, n, n, ngoagoagoagoaøøøøiiii cellulosecellulosecellulosecellulose, , , , ththththööööôôôôøøøøngngngng chchchchöùöùöùöùaaaa momomomoääääcccctotototoáááá hay hay hay hay babababaàààànnnn ((((íííítttt hônhônhônhôn). ). ). ).

♣♣♣♣ teteteteáááá babababaøøøøoooo chechechecheáááátttt, , , , cacacacaùùùùcccc loãloãloãloã traotraotraotrao ññññooooååååiiii chachachachaáááátttt→→→→ ooooáááángngngng traotraotraotraoññññooooååååiiii....

♣♣♣♣ sôsôsôsôïïïïiiii lieânlieânlieânlieân babababaøøøøoooo: : : : lalalalaøøøø cacacacaùùùùcccc sôsôsôsôïïïïiiii nhonhonhonhoûûûû lililili titititi xuyeânxuyeânxuyeânxuyeân qua qua qua qua cacacacaùùùùcccc loãloãloãloã vavavavaøøøø ooooáááángngngng traotraotraotrao ññññooooååååiiii nonononoááááiiii lielielielieàààànnnn teteteteáááá babababaøøøøoooo chachachachaááááttttcucucucuûûûûaaaa cacacacaùùùùcccc teteteteáááá babababaøøøøoooo cacacacaïïïïnhnhnhnh nhaunhaunhaunhau. . . .

VaVaVaVaùùùùchchchch teteteteáááá babababaøøøøoooo ththththöïöïöïöïcccc vavavavaäääätttt ---- CaCaCaCaááááuuuu tatatataïïïïoooo

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• SôSôSôSôïïïïiiii lieânlieânlieânlieân babababaøøøøoooo

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♣ TaTaTaTaïïïïoooo hhhhììììnhnhnhnh dadadadaïïïïngngngng nhanhanhanhaáááátttt ññññònhònhònhònh♣ BaBaBaBaûûûûoooo veveveveääää TBTBTBTB chochochochoáááángngngng chòuchòuchòuchòu vôvôvôvôùùùùiiii tatatataùùùùcccc ññññooooäääängngngng beânbeânbeânbeânngoangoangoangoaøøøøiiii....

♣ CoCoCoCoùùùù vaivaivaivai trotrotrotroøøøø trongtrongtrongtrong ssssöïöïöïöï phaânphaânphaânphaân hohohohoùùùùaaaa TBTBTBTB....♣ Khoâng coù tính thaám choïn loïc

VaVaVaVaùùùùchchchch teteteteáááá babababaøøøøoooo ththththöïöïöïöïcccc vavavavaäääätttt ---- ChChChChöùöùöùöùcccc naêngnaêngnaêngnaêng

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SSSSöïöïöïöï biebiebiebieáááánnnn ññññooooååååiiii cucucucuûûûûaaaa vavavavaùùùùchchchch teteteteáááá babababaøøøøoooo ththththöïöïöïöïcccc vavavavaäääätttt

• 1. 1. 1. 1. SSSSöïöïöïöï hohohohoùùùùaaaa nhanhanhanhaøøøøyyyy♣♣♣♣ mamamamaëëëëtttt trongtrongtrongtrong vavavavaùùùùchchchch TB TB TB TB phuphuphuphuûûûû theâmtheâmtheâmtheâm lôlôlôlôùùùùpppp chachachachaáááátttt nhanhanhanhaøøøøyyyy....♣♣♣♣ huhuhuhuùùùùtttt nnnnööööôôôôùùùùcccc chachachachaáááátttt nhanhanhanhaøøøøyyyy phophophophoààààngngngng leânleânleânleân & & & & nhônhônhônhôùùùùtttt♣♣♣♣ CaCaCaCaùùùùcccc chachachachaáááátttt pecticpecticpecticpectic cucucucuûûûûaaaa phiephiephiephieáááánnnn gigigigiööööõaõaõaõa →→→→ ññññaaaaïïïïoooo cucucucuûûûûaaaa moâmoâmoâmoâmemememeààààmmmm, , , , hoahoahoahoaëëëëcccc cacacacaùùùùcccc khuyekhuyekhuyekhuyeáááátttt…………

♣♣♣♣ ssssöïöïöïöï tatatataïïïïoooo chachachachaáááátttt nhanhanhanhaøøøøyyyy♣♣♣♣ ssssöïöïöïöï tatatataïïïïoooo goâmgoâmgoâmgoâm

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• 2. 2. 2. 2. SSSSöïöïöïöï hohohohoùùùùaaaa khoakhoakhoakhoaùùùùngngngng

♣♣♣♣ tatatataååååmmmm theâmtheâmtheâmtheâm: SiO: SiO: SiO: SiO2222 , CaCO, CaCO, CaCO, CaCO3333 . . . . ♣♣♣♣ ôôôôûûûû biebiebiebieååååuuuu bbbbìììì cucucucuûûûûaaaa cacacacaùùùùcccc boboboboääää phaphaphaphaäääännnn. . . . • VVVVíííí dudududuïïïï: : : : thaânthaânthaânthaân caâycaâycaâycaây MoMoMoMoääääcccc tatatataëëëëcccc, , , , lalalalaùùùù LuLuLuLuùùùùaaaa bòbòbòbò tatatataååååmmmmSiOSiOSiOSiO2222; ; ; ;

• CaCOCaCOCaCOCaCO3333 : : : : babababaøøøøoooo thathathathaïïïïchchchch ((((hohohohoïïïï BaBaBaBaààààuuuu bbbbíííí, , , , hohohohoïïïï VoVoVoVoøøøøiiii voivoivoivoi))))


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• 3. 3. 3. 3. SSSSöïöïöïöï hohohohoùùùùaaaa babababaàààànnnn

♣♣♣♣ tatatataååååmmmm suberinsuberinsuberinsuberin: : : : phuphuphuphuûûûû leânleânleânleân vavavavaùùùùchchchch sôsôsôsô lalalalaääääpppp chchchchöùöùöùöùkhoângkhoângkhoângkhoâng cacacacaåååånnnn vavavavaøøøøoooo

♣♣♣♣ SuberinSuberinSuberinSuberin giagiagiagiaøøøøuuuu acid acid acid acid bebebebeùùùùoooo vavavavaøøøø khoângkhoângkhoângkhoâng thathathathaáááámmmm nnnnööööôôôôùùùùccccvavavavaøøøø khkhkhkhíííí, , , ,

♣♣♣♣ babababaàààànnnn: : : : moâmoâmoâmoâ chechecheche chôchôchôchô’’’’♣♣♣♣ teteteteáááá babababaøøøøoooo nonononoääääiiii bbbbìììì, , , , suberinsuberinsuberinsuberin chchchchææææ tatatataïïïïoooo momomomoäääätttt CasparyCasparyCasparyCaspary....


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• 4. 4. 4. 4. SSSSöïöïöïöï hohohohoùùùùaaaa cutincutincutincutin♣♣♣♣ ÔÔÔÔÛÛÛÛ TB TB TB TB biebiebiebieååååuuuu bbbbìììì♣♣♣♣ tatatataààààngngngng cutincutincutincutin deãdeãdeãdeã bong bong bong bong khokhokhokhoûûûûiiii vavavavaùùùùchchchch cellulose cellulose cellulose cellulose vvvvìììì ttttíííínhnhnhnhññññaaaaøøøønnnn hohohohoààààiiii cucucucuûûûûaaaa cutincutincutincutin kekekekeùùùùmmmm cellulose. cellulose. cellulose. cellulose.

♣♣♣♣ giagiagiagiaûûûûmmmm bôbôbôbôùùùùtttt ssssöïöïöïöï thoathoathoathoaùùùùtttt hôihôihôihôi nnnnööööôôôôùùùùcccc. . . .

5. 5. 5. 5. SSSSöïöïöïöï hohohohoùùùùaaaa sasasasaùùùùpppp♣♣♣♣ ngoangoangoangoaøøøøiiii lôlôlôlôùùùùpppp cutincutincutincutin cocococoùùùù thethethetheåååå phuphuphuphuûûûû theâmtheâmtheâmtheâm momomomoäääätttt lôlôlôlôùùùùpppp sasasasaùùùùpppp. . . . • VVVVíííí dudududuïïïï: : : : ôôôôûûûû quaquaquaquaûûûû BBBBíííí, , , , thaânthaânthaânthaân caâycaâycaâycaây MMMMííííaaaa, , , , lalalalaùùùù BaBaBaBaéééépppp cacacacaûûûûiiii…………


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• 6. 6. 6. 6. SSSSöïöïöïöï hohohohoùùùùaaaa goãgoãgoãgoã•••• tatatataååååmmmm chachachachaáááátttt lignin (lignin (lignin (lignin (goãgoãgoãgoã) ) ) ) vavavavaøøøøoooo vavavavaùùùùchchchch mamamamaïïïïchchchch goãgoãgoãgoã, , , , sôsôsôsôïïïïiiii, , , , moâmoâmoâmoâ ccccöùöùöùöùngngngng, , , , moâmoâmoâmoâ memememeààààmmmm giagiagiagiaøøøø....

• TB TB TB TB ccccöùöùöùöùngngngng, , , , dodododoøøøønnnn, , , , íííítttt thathathathaáááámmmm nnnnööööôôôôùùùùcccc, , , , kekekekeùùùùmmmm ññññaaaaøøøønnnn hohohohoààààiiii hônhônhônhôncellulose. cellulose. cellulose. cellulose.

•••• cacacacaåååånnnn vavavavaøøøøoooo ssssööööôôôôøøøønnnn cellulose cellulose cellulose cellulose cucucucuûûûûaaaa vavavavaùùùùchchchch sôsôsôsô cacacacaáááápppp &&&&øøøø ththththöùöùöùöùcacacacaáááápppp....

•••• cocococoùùùù thethethetheåååå xaâmxaâmxaâmxaâm nhanhanhanhaääääpppp luoânluoânluoânluoân rararara ngoangoangoangoaøøøøiiii phiephiephiephieáááánnnn gigigigiööööõaõaõaõa→→→→TBTBTBTBkhoângkhoângkhoângkhoâng ññññooooååååiiii dadadadaïïïïngngngng ñöñöñöñöôôôôïïïïcccc. . . .


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Education

1. te bao eukaryote