NI BULA VINAKA.KIDAVAKI KEMUNI KI NA NODA GAUNA NI

TIKO BULABULA.

HEART DISEASE

CORONARY HEART DISEASECORONARY HEART DISEASE

FOR DINNER!!!

NNEEWWSSTTAARRTT

The Manufacturer’s ManualThe Manufacturer’s Manual

A sa kaya na Kalou, Raica, ka’u sa solia vei kemudrau na co kecega sa vakasorena, sa tu e delai vuravura taucoko, kei na kau kecega sa tu kina na vua ni kau sa vakasorena; ko ya ena kemudou kakana. Vakatekivu 1:29

Dauvunau 3:14Dauvunau 3:14

Au sa kila, na ka kece sa cakava na Kalou, Au sa kila, na ka kece sa cakava na Kalou, ena tu ga ka sega ni mudu: ena sega na ena tu ga ka sega ni mudu: ena sega na ka me vakaikuritaki kina, ka sega na ka ka me vakaikuritaki kina, ka sega na ka me kautani mai kina: ia sa cakava oqo na me kautani mai kina: ia sa cakava oqo na Kalou, me ra rere tiko Vua ko ira na Kalou, me ra rere tiko Vua ko ira na tamata.tamata.

THE THREE MAJOR THE THREE MAJOR COMPONENTS OF NUTRITION COMPONENTS OF NUTRITION

1.1. CARBOHYDRATES CARBOHYDRATES ……….80%……….80%

2.2. PROTEINS PROTEINS ……….10%……….10%

3.3. FATS FATS ……….10%……….10%

Glucose + Oxygen → Glucose + Oxygen → EnergyEnergy + Carbon dioxide + Water + Carbon dioxide + Water

Lo, this only have I found, that Lo, this only have I found, that God hath made man upright; but God hath made man upright; but they havethey have sought sought out many out many inventionsinventions. . ((Ecclesiastes 7:29Ecclesiastes 7:29 ) )

Raica na ka oqo ka’u sa kunea, ni sa Raica na ka oqo ka’u sa kunea, ni sa bulia na tamata na Kalou me yalo bulia na tamata na Kalou me yalo dodonu; dodonu; ia era sa vakasaqara nai tovo ia era sa vakasaqara nai tovo vou e vuqa. vou e vuqa. Dauvunau 7:29Dauvunau 7:29

%Protein %Fat %Carbohydrates (%Protein %Fat %Carbohydrates (% of total Calories)% of total Calories)

Apples 1……. 8…………91Apples 1……. 8…………91Watermelon 8……..7………….85Watermelon 8……..7………….85Mangos 4……..5………….91Mangos 4……..5………….91Carrots 10…….4………….86Carrots 10…….4………….86Tomatoes 17…….8………….75Tomatoes 17…….8………….75Cucumbers 20…….7………….73Cucumbers 20…….7………….73Brocoli Brocoli 3636……..6………….58……..6………….58Watercress Watercress 4040……11………….49……11………….49Kumala 6……..3………….91Kumala 6……..3………….91Brown rice 8……..5………….87Brown rice 8……..5………….87Chicken Chicken 82……1882……18……………0……………0Lamb Lamb 32…….6832…….68…………..0 …………..0 Source:Source:Tuna Tuna 60…….4060…….40…………..0 …………..0 U.S. Dept. of AgricultureU.S. Dept. of Agriculture

Cod Cod 96……...496……...4…………..0 …………..0 HandbookHandbook

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASECARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE

• High Blood PressureHigh Blood Pressure

• Heart AttacksHeart Attacks

• StrokesStrokes

CardiovascularCardiovascular –body parts, including the heart –body parts, including the heart and blood vessels, involved in the pumping of and blood vessels, involved in the pumping of blood and transport of nutrients, oxygen, and blood and transport of nutrients, oxygen, and waste products throughout the bodywaste products throughout the body

As the bird by wandering, as the swallow by flying, so the curse causeless shall not come. Proverbs 26:2

…..and the cause [which] I knew not I searched out. Job 29:16

Me vaka na siparo sa veiseseyaki, kei na kakabace sa veivukayaki, Sa vakakina na veivatonaki wale ena sega ni yaco. Vakaibalebale 26:2

…na ka….ka’u a sega ni kila, ka’u a vakataroga . Jope 29:16

As the bird by wandering, as the swallow by flying, so the curse causeless shall not come. Proverbs 26:2

“…the cause [which] I knew not I searched out.” Job 29:16

Dauvunau 7:29Dauvunau 7:29

Raica na ka oqo ka’u sa kunea, ni Raica na ka oqo ka’u sa kunea, ni sa bulia na tamata na Kalou me sa bulia na tamata na Kalou me yalo dodonu; yalo dodonu; ia era sa vakasaqara ia era sa vakasaqara nai tovo vou e vuqa. nai tovo vou e vuqa. Dauvunau 7:29Dauvunau 7:29

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASECARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE

• High Blood PressureHigh Blood Pressure

• Heart AttacksHeart Attacks

• StrokesStrokes

Factors Contributing To Factors Contributing To Cardiovascular Disease :Cardiovascular Disease :

1.1. AtherosclerosisAtherosclerosis

2.2. Increased Blood Viscosity Increased Blood Viscosity (Thickness)(Thickness)

What is Atherosclerosis ? It is the narrowing, hardening,

and, eventually, plugging up of vital arteries that supply the heart with oxygen.

What Causes What Causes Atherosclerosis?Atherosclerosis?

The main culprit is The main culprit is DIETARYDIETARY CHOLESTEROLCHOLESTEROL

What is CholesterolWhat is Cholesterol??Cholesterol is a waxlike alcoholic Cholesterol is a waxlike alcoholic

substance which is soluble in certain substance which is soluble in certain body fats.body fats.PLANT FOODS DO NOT CONTAIN PLANT FOODS DO NOT CONTAIN

CHOLESTEROL but they do CHOLESTEROL but they do contain healthy fats as found in contain healthy fats as found in avocado, coconuts, & other nuts.avocado, coconuts, & other nuts.

Does the body need Does the body need cholesterol? :cholesterol? :

YES !YES ! for manufacture of hormonesfor manufacture of hormonesfor building cell wallfor building cell wallfor building strong bonesfor building strong bones

Where does the body get its Where does the body get its CholesterolCholesterol??

The liver manufactures ALL The liver manufactures ALL the cholesterol the body the cholesterol the body needs.needs.

WE DON’T NEED TO EAT WE DON’T NEED TO EAT CHOLESTEROLCHOLESTEROL

Cholesterol Content In FoodsCholesterol Content In Foods

Skim milk………..1 cup………..5 mgSkim milk………..1 cup………..5 mg

Cottage cheese…..1/2 cup…..24 mgCottage cheese…..1/2 cup…..24 mg

Ice cream………….1 cup…….54 mgIce cream………….1 cup…….54 mg

Cheddar cheese….2 sl……….56 mgCheddar cheese….2 sl……….56 mg

Fish…………………5 oz…….. 85 mgFish…………………5 oz…….. 85 mg

Beef/pork/chicken…5 oz…….135 mgBeef/pork/chicken…5 oz…….135 mg

Shrimp………………4 oz……Shrimp………………4 oz……172 mg172 mg

Egg yolk…………….1……….Egg yolk…………….1……….220 mg220 mg

Liver…………………3 oz……Liver…………………3 oz……370 mg370 mg

Cholesterol is found only in animal products.Cholesterol is found only in animal products.

Natural Cholesterol Dietary CholesterolNatural Cholesterol Dietary Cholesterol

Certain amount of this Certain amount of this cholesterol circulate cholesterol circulate in bloodstreamin bloodstream

High density High density lipoproteins (HDL) lipoproteins (HDL) dominatedominate

Only a tiny amount of Only a tiny amount of Low density Low density lipoproteins (LDL)lipoproteins (LDL)

Main cause of high Main cause of high cholesterol level in cholesterol level in bloodblood

Generally low density Generally low density lipoproteins (LDL)lipoproteins (LDL)

Responsible for Responsible for arterial plaques in arterial plaques in blocked arteriesblocked arteries

Men, 50 years and older, with cholesterol levels over 295 mg% (7.6mmol/L) are 10 times more likely to develop atherosclerosis than men the same age with levels under 200 mg% (5.1 mmol/L)

Cholesterol & AtherosclerosisCholesterol & Atherosclerosis

The extra dietary The extra dietary cholesterol is cholesterol is deposited in the deposited in the lining of the lining of the arteriesarteries

This contributes This contributes to narrowing and to narrowing and plugging of plugging of arteries and an arteries and an increase in blood increase in blood pressure.pressure.

Skim milk………..1 cup………..5 mgSkim milk………..1 cup………..5 mg Cottage cheese…..1/2 cup…..24 mg Cholesterol Content in FoodCottage cheese…..1/2 cup…..24 mg Cholesterol Content in Food Ice cream………….1 cup…….54 mgIce cream………….1 cup…….54 mg Cheddar cheese….2 sl……….56 mgCheddar cheese….2 sl……….56 mg Fish…………………5 oz…….. 85 mgFish…………………5 oz…….. 85 mg Beef/pork/chicken…5 oz…….135 mgBeef/pork/chicken…5 oz…….135 mg Shrimp………………4 oz……172 mgShrimp………………4 oz……172 mg Egg yolk…………….1……….220 mgEgg yolk…………….1……….220 mg Liver…………………3 oz……370 mgLiver…………………3 oz……370 mg

Cholesterol Content In FoodsCholesterol Content In Foods

Skim milk………..1 cup………..5 mgSkim milk………..1 cup………..5 mg

Cottage cheese…..1/2 cup…..24 mgCottage cheese…..1/2 cup…..24 mg

Ice cream………….1 cup…….54 mgIce cream………….1 cup…….54 mg

Cheddar cheese….2 sl……….56 mgCheddar cheese….2 sl……….56 mg

Fish…………………5 oz…….. 85 mgFish…………………5 oz…….. 85 mg

Beef/pork/chicken…5 oz…….135 mgBeef/pork/chicken…5 oz…….135 mg

Shrimp………………4 oz……172 mgShrimp………………4 oz……172 mg

Egg yolk…………….1……….220 mgEgg yolk…………….1……….220 mg

Liver…………………3 oz……370 mgLiver…………………3 oz……370 mg

Cholesterol is found only in animal products.Cholesterol is found only in animal products.

Group 1 Group 2

-Less than 10% as fat - 30% of calory as fat-No cholesterol -300mg cholesterol/day

AFTER ONE YEAR-Drop in LDL cholesterol by 37%- 82% of narrowed, plaque filled arteries widened- More blood & oxygen to heart muscle

Cholesterol & AtherosclerosisCholesterol & Atherosclerosis

The extra dietary The extra dietary cholesterol is cholesterol is deposited in the deposited in the lining of the lining of the arteriesarteries

This contributes This contributes to narrowing and to narrowing and plugging of plugging of arteries and an arteries and an increase in blood increase in blood pressure.pressure.

Atherosclerosis & Heart AttacksAtherosclerosis & Heart Attacks

Over time atherosclerosis leads Over time atherosclerosis leads to :-to :-

1.1. Obstruction of arteriesObstruction of arteries2.2. Reduced blood flowReduced blood flow3.3. Reduced oxygen supplyReduced oxygen supply4.4. Tissue damage & CELL DEATHTissue damage & CELL DEATH5.5.→ → HEART ATTACKHEART ATTACK

Tissue Damage in Heart Tissue Damage in Heart AttacksAttacks

within 3-4mins , within 3-4mins , cells begin to die if cells begin to die if deprived of oxygen.deprived of oxygen.

Over time, as more Over time, as more cells die, extensive cells die, extensive tissue damage tissue damage results results →→HEART HEART ATTACK & ATTACK & DEATHDEATH

Intermittent Claudication

Atherosclerosis & StrokeAtherosclerosis & Stroke

Over time atherosclerosis leads Over time atherosclerosis leads to :-to :-

1.1. Obstruction of arteriesObstruction of arteries2.2. Reduced blood flowReduced blood flow3.3. Reduced oxygen supplyReduced oxygen supply4.4. Tissue damage & CELL DEATHTissue damage & CELL DEATH

5.5.→ → StrokeStroke

Atherosclerosis & StrokeAtherosclerosis & Stroke

Plaque Formation & Plaque Formation & EmbolismEmbolism

Cerebral Hemorrhage & Cerebral Hemorrhage & InfarctInfarct

Blood Viscosity (Thickness) & Blood Viscosity (Thickness) & Cardiovascular Disease Cardiovascular Disease

INCREASED BLOOD VISCOSITY INCREASED BLOOD VISCOSITY results WHEN RED BLOOD CELLS results WHEN RED BLOOD CELLS stick together stick together IN RESPONSE TO A IN RESPONSE TO A HIGH FAT DIETHIGH FAT DIET

A low fat diet will :A low fat diet will :

1.1. ensure that the red blood cells do not ensure that the red blood cells do not stick together.stick together.

2.2. Maintain maximum surface area Maintain maximum surface area

3.3. Maximum oxygen uptake Maximum oxygen uptake

Negative electrical charge ensures Negative electrical charge ensures RBCs’ repel each RBCs’ repel each

Negative electrical charge Negative electrical charge DESTROYED BY FAT DESTROYED BY FAT

…….mo dou kakua ni kania e dua na uro se na dra

Vunau ni Soro 3: 17

As red blood cells stick As red blood cells stick together :together :

BLOOD BECOMES BLOOD BECOMES THICK.THICK.

reduced red blood reduced red blood cell surface area .cell surface area .

Reduced oxygen Reduced oxygen uptake by red blood uptake by red blood cell cell →→ CELL CELL DEATHDEATH

High Fat Diet & Red Blood High Fat Diet & Red Blood CellsCells

GOOD BLOOD FLOWGOOD BLOOD FLOW CLUMPED RBCsCLUMPED RBCs

Low Fat Meal High Fat MealLow Fat Meal High Fat Meal

Fiji Times, June 2008

Juta 24Juta 24

Me qai ia Vua sa Me qai ia Vua sa rawata me tauri rawata me tauri kemudou mo dou kemudou mo dou kakua ni bale,kakua ni bale,……………..……………..