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8/18/2019 Epidemiology Pskg 2016 (Dr Swandari)
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/epidemiology-pskg-2016-dr-swandari 1/23
EPIDEMIOLOGY
Swandari Paramita
Faculty of Medicine
Mulawarman University
8/18/2019 Epidemiology Pskg 2016 (Dr Swandari)
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ANGRY BIRDSAvian
Inuen!a
"#N$
SwineInuen!a
"$N$
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Avian Inuen!a vs Swine Inuen!a
%&idemi
c
Pandem
ic
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'eadaan suatu masala( )ese(atan%PID%MI fre)uensi masala( )ese(atan &ada
suatu daerah meningkat dalam waktusingkat
PAND%MI fre)uensi masala( )ese(atan &adawilayah yang luas meningkat dalam waktusingkat
%ND%MI fre)uensi masala( )ese(atan &ada
suatu daerah menetap dalam waktu lamaSP*RADI' fre)uensi masala( )ese(atan &ada
suatu daerah berubah-ubah menurut&eru+a(an wa)tu
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Batasan %&idemiolo,iMenurut asal )atanya- %PID%MI*.*GI +erarti
ilmu yan, mem&ela/ari tentan, &endudu)0%PI 1 &ada atau tentan,D%M*S 1 &endudu).*G*S 1 ilmu
Pada mulanya e&idemiolo,i diarti)an se+a,aiilmu tentan, %PID%MI
%&idemi di)enal /u,a se+a,ai 2ABA"
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2a+a( vs 'e/adian .uar Biasa 3'.B42a+a( adala( &enin,)atan )e/adian
)esa)itan5)ematian- yan, meluas secarace&at +ai) dalam /umla( )asus mau&un luasdaera( &enya)it- dan da&at menim+ul)anmala&eta)a
'e/adian .uar Biasa 3'.B4 tim+ulnya atau
menin,)atnya )e/adian )esa)itan atau)ematian yan, +erma)na secarae&idemiolo,is &ada suatu daera( dalam )urunwa)tu tertentu
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'e/adian .uar Biasa 3'.B4'riteria 'e/adian .uar Biasa 3'e&utusan Dir/en PPM No
6#$57$48
9im+ulnya suatu &enya)it menular yan, se+elumnya tida)
ada atau tida) di)enalPenin,)atan )e/adian &enya)it terus:menerus selama ;
)urun wa)tu +erturut:turut menurut &enya)itnya 3/am-(ari- min,,u4
Penin,)atan )e/adian &enya)it5)ematian < )ali li&at atau
le+i( di+andin,)an den,an &eriode se+elumnya 3/am- (ari-min,,u- +ulan- ta(un4
=umla( &enderita +aru dalam satu +ulan menun/u))an)enai)an < )ali li&at atau le+i( +ila di+andin,)an den,anan,)a rata:rata &er+ulan dalam ta(un se+elumnya0
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De>nisi %&idemiolo,i Ilmu tentan, e&idemi atau wa+a( (defnisi
lama)
Ilmu yan, mem&ela/ari fre)uensi dan distri+usi
&enya)it dan fa)tor:fa)tor yan, menentu)anter/adinya &enya)it terse+ut &ada manusia(Mac Mahon & Pugh, 1970)
Studi distri+usi dan fa)tor determinan )e/adian
yan, +er)aitan den,an )ese(atan dalam&o&ulasi manusia (CDC, 1992)
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De>nisi %&idemiolo,i
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Ruan, .in,)u&
%&idemiolo,iSubyek dan obyek epidemiologi adalah masalah kesehatan
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Ruan, .in,)u&
%&idemiolo,iMasalah kesehatan yang dimaksud menunjuk kepada
masalah kesehatan yang ditemukan pada sekelompok
manusia
%PID%MI*.*GI I.MU '%D*'9%RAN'.INI'
Mem&ela/ari masala()ese(atan +eru&a
&enya)it
Mem&ela/ari masala()ese(atan +eru&a
&enya)it
Pusat &er(atian &ada
&enya)it yan, ada dimas ara)at
Pusat &er(atian &ada
&enya)it &eroran,an
8/18/2019 Epidemiology Pskg 2016 (Dr Swandari)
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?om&arison of clinical medicineand community (ealt(
&ro,rammes
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?linical dia,nosis and community
dia,nosis com&ared
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%&idemiolo,ical a&&roac( in (ealt(
mana,ementDescri&tive e&idemiolo,y 2"A9 is t(e
&ro+lem and its fre@uency 2"* is involved2"%R% 2"%N
Analytical e&idemiolo,y "*2 is t(e diseasecaused 2"Y is it continuin,
%&erimental e&idemiolo,y clinical and
community trials%valuation e&idemiolo,y S* 2"A9 "ave
t(ere +een any im&rovements in (ealt(status
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Descri&tive e&idemiolo,y8 w(o
w(ere and w(en
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Distri+usi menurut wa)tu
C
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Measurin, fre@uencyIN?ID%N?% measurin, t(e num+er of
new cases occurin, over a de>ned
&eriod of time- commonly one yearPR%A.%N?% measurin, t(e total
num+er of eistin, cases occurin, at
one &oint in time- commonly on a&articular day
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Measurin, fre@uency
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De>nin, a case 9(e use of dia,nostic criteria to de>ne&ossi+le- &ro+a+le and de>nite case of malaria
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Ice+er, P(enomenon
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9(e ice+er, &(enomenon E routineinformation mainly came from &eo&le w(o
attend t(e (ealt( services
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SEKIAN 9%RIMA 'ASI"
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