321

Чудесата На Корана (Български)

Embed Size (px)

DESCRIPTION

Чудесата На Корана (Български)

Citation preview

  • , , 1956 . . "Mimar Sinan" , . 1980 . , . , , , . & , , ,, , , , , ,

    , , , , , , .' , , , ,

    , ,

    (.

    ' ( ) ,

    . e ,

    .

    . ) , ,

    , ( . * ,) , ,

    (. + , ,

    20 , ) 1400 .- , ) . / ,

    , 20 . 3

    ) , ) (. * , , ) , , )

    .

    I S B N 9 7 5 - 6 4 2 6 - 3 5 - 7

  • , ,

    !

  • - . , , , -. , , - , . - . # , , , , .

    - . $, , - , - .

    - , - . .& , -, - - .

    ' , , - , -.

    , , , , , , , , - , -.

    (: ) (

    GLOBAL PUBLISHINGGursel Mh. Darulaceze Cd. No:9 Funya Sk. Eksioglu Is Merkezi

    B Blok D:5 Okmeydani-Istanbul/Turkey T:+90 212 3208600

    : SECIL OFSET100 Yil Mahallesi MAS-SIT Matbaacilar Sitesi

    4. Cadde No: 77 Bagcilar-Istanbul/Turkey T: +90 212 6290615

    w w w . h a r u n y a h y a . c o m

  • " , 2003

    #$"

    "

    []

    .

    ( , 192)

  • &

    , + , 1956 . . 0 ,

    MimarSinan , . 1980 . , .+ , , , .

    ' Harun () Yahya (;) , . & &, , , . , ' - &, . & C, , - . & &, , - .

    : - , ., - .

    & + , - , , & +, . ' - , , , ,, , , , , , , -, .

    , , , . , , , , .

    , , . +, ,

  • , . #

    , - ,

    e . - , , + .

    ' , - . ( , ; , . ' , - . , , , , - , .

    =, -, , -, , - . , , , , , . , , - + , - . , , , .

    : , , - . ' - , , , , , . , , , , - --. .

    ' , , + . ? , , 21 , , .

  • #" .......................................................... 10

    $ : "" #$ " " .................. 12?()') ' ?)B)' ................................... 13(0E(') ' ?)B)' ................................ 16( ' ?)B)' BIG CRUNCH .......................... 19?()') &B #= ................................. 21(0#)B') ' '))? 0)= ................ 22?()') ' ?$, ) ) =)J# '))? 0)= ..................... 24?(E)' (')?) ?)B)' ...... 26(0B$ ?(() ' ?B'L), B' 0)0#) ........................................................ 28( (O ?) ?)B)' .......................... 30&? ' #J)') ' ?B'L) .................... 330$?B') ' P#') $()0 B' .......... 34(PB Q(= ' 0)= ...................................... 36&? ' ()') ' 0)= .............................. 38=?Q)(') &B?) ........................................... 400O' ' .......................................................... 43?(') ' ')) - ?# ................................. 46?)''? ' ')) # (O (' ................................................................ 480)=') &B?) ........................................................ 50Q'L ' &B'') ........................................ 52#J)') ' &B'') .................................... 57(0B$') $ ' 0P() 0B)0 ' ?B'L) .................................................... 60'=B') ' ?E ....................................... 620)=' &(+'?, ?) (0& ...... 65;' J)B0 ..................................................... 67

  • '?)B'? ' ()=) ............................... 69#;) ?()') ....................................... 70&-=B) = $?L ............................ 72$)(') #& ................................................................ 74?)B' ='' ................................................... 76?))') )0 P' ........................................................... 78)J)? ' BL) ............................................... 80=( ' #J# ........................................................ 81Q(=(') ' #J# ............................................. 84#J#)), ?J =( 0)= ................................................................ 88(0') ' P(#E, =B' P(=)L ................................... 90&BJ#O) )() ............................................... 94()# (0') ' )()) .................... 970)= ?) (0#J ' ......................... 98=() ') ?) ?=)? )#' ? #(P ............ 100='' =() ()E') B' ..................................................... 102B?, '(B( #J)' ' ............................................................. 105?(L ?) ?& &( ?&=)'') ' P ............................................ 106(J#') ' $) .............................................. 108?()') ' $) # ..................... 121?()') PB' ........................................... 123&(P(=(') P)') ...................................... 125=)'?(L')' LB .......................................... 128()=)''? (J#') ............................................ 129&?B)#)B'? ' Q(=(') ' $)E) (P' ...................................................... 131(0') ' =B .................................... 133

  • =;$' =B ..................................................... 136?=B$'? &)$ &(?) .................................................................... 138J)'? =)#)' &$)B ......................................... 140B)$)' #);?) ' =)# ............................. 142?O)?') ' =(?&$)' J ........................................... 146?O)?') ' J'? O'? .......................................... 148=)' ' +(')B') )O)? ................... 151& ()=) ' ?' E) ? ' &BJ)') ........................... 1530'$)') ' #J)') & ()=) ' ?' .................................................................. 154'=B') ' '? &()0 'O .... 156?') ' P(#) ? )B$') ' ?$' ................................ 158

    $ : #$" " "'( & )#* ..................... 160)#)') .......................................................................... 161&)# ' 0' ............................................... 1620&0') ' B ' Q(' ....................... 1670)') ' =) .............................................. 169?=)(' 0+# ' ?')) ' 0()B ..................................................... 172() ' ?=? ........................................... 174?()=)'') ('?&(' ?()#? .............. 176B))B' )+'BP .......................................... 1780B)' ('?&( ..................................................... 1790&B0') ' )B)($)? ........................ 180;? =( )+'BP .................... 182

  • $ : #$" " "'( & " $) .... 186+=' #()') )P&)? &=)'L ...... 187=? (..) (0#') ' =() ............ 190)#?, ?&B) Q(' B0 = (J)') ............... 192?&=)'') ' =? (..) =P?' ...................................... 195#= Q(' (' ........................................ 196P(# (= ...................................................................... 198P(#)) ?#= P=( ...................................... 202'(# ' ? '#')') (= .......... 207'(# ' +#J( ......................................................... 212

    $ : $ # " " ... 214&()') ' #= (' .......................... 2150$?B)') )#J)# (' ....................... 221LQ( 19 (' ...................................................... 225

    $ : $+"$ " " " -#" ............. 248')0=J'? 0 =(') ' (' ... 249

    " " ""( & " ................ 260

    &": " )3 $ ...................... 280

    $ $#: ("" & ........................ 282

  • & , - . e , . - - .

    , -, , . -, , -, . ) , , 20 , 1400 .

    ( , . # , - - , 20 . - , .

    0 , - , - .

    10

    a a Kopaa

    #"#"

  • & 7 , , . ' - , , . ', -, . , . ? , , .

    . (, 2 : , - ...(? (, 2). , - . - , . -, , , , , -, , - , -.

    ?, .

    11

  • $" "$"

    & 20 , - , .? , , .

    , , , , - . ( 20 - .

    , 21 , , , -, - . ' , , , , , . # .

    :

    !... ($, 101)

    , , . -, , , , , , , . P -

    13

  • 14

  • , "Big Bang", -, 15 -

    - .

    & Big Bang . =-, , , , . , , 1400 .

    15

    -

    !, " 1992., , , $ Big Bang. Big Bang, , $- .

  • &+" "$"

    , 14 , , - , :

    ["] . " .($ &, 47)

    ? . - . musi'une inna le mu-siune, (), evsea, -. & le - , , . & - , -. ) , , , .1

    ) , - 20 , , - . ' - -

    16

    a a Kopaa

    ! %

  • 17

    , ,

    .

    20 Q # B , - .

    & 1929 -. ) + , , . - . & - + , - , . ? - , , , , .& + - . .. . 0 , . ) , , - - . Q, , .

    0 -, - . , , - , - & (

  • 18

    .

    - 20 , - . '

    , , . &- - .2

    & , , . , - .

    (Big Bang) $ . $ .

  • 19

    " $" BIG CRUNCH

    ? , , , Big Bang, . , -, , . , "Big Crunch" - . - .3

    , Big Crunch, :

    #, . , " ". " -. ($ , 104)

    :

    . & " # # -, # . , , - ! ($&, 67)

    ? Big Crunch, , , - .

  • , . .( -)

    20

    a a Kopaa

    Big Crunch $, Big Bang ,- . 3 $ , .

  • $" #

    # ,

    . Q

    . -

    , -

    :

    , , - - ...

    [ ] , , : ! : .($ ', 10-11)

    # , , "a". . , , - , . - , - . , , , 20 . 4

    ? , , - .

    21

  • " "")$ &

    # , , :

    " , -, " ? - . " ? ($ , 30)

    # "", , , , . .. -, . -, , "", , . ' .

    ? . , , .. "". ? , - "". .. , -. ', Big Bang, -, -- . ? , , , , .? -.

    22

    a a Kopaa

  • 23

    Big Bang.Big Bang,

    , $ ,

    . &

    Big Bang,

    Big Bang

    .

  • 24

    $" " $, 3#

    ")$ &

    $" " $, 3#

    ")$ &

    , -, , :

    $ " , , - , . , [, ] -! ($ , 85)

    " , , . ($ , 6)

    " " , . ($ , 16)

  • , , , , , . ? , , 0, - . . , "" (: , ) "" ( ). -- , .5

    & , , - . ' . - . ' , -, , . ' , , - , . , , "" - .

    25

  • $+""$ $"

    . " - . - ! " ? . . ($ , 3-4)

    = - . 0-, , - , . & , 200-300 , . & , .

    , , - , . , , - , - .

    ' 0 1670 /. , - 1800/, 0-, . ? 0- ? 60 : 108000/. ( , - , 0 22 ).

    26

    a a Kopaa

  • P 0-. ? -. ?-

    , - . ? -

    . ? ? - 720000 /. ? = , - 200 , 950000 /.

    . ' - . 0 , - , , . ) , - , .

    27

  • & $ " $"(,

    " &

    , - [] , - . ($ ", 12-13)

    , ? ? . ? - , B , - , ?. "", - ?.

    , B,? .

    ( ? B

    :

    28

  • , . ($ ", 16)

    B ( ""), ? ( " "). #, - B, , , . , ?, , . , "", - , , . , "", - , , , :

    & . ($ , 3)

    # , B , ? . 0? , . -, - --, .. 14 .

    29

  • ) *$ $"

    ) - , - . 0, - , , . - , - .

    200 - 200 . P - , . . - - . .

    . ? , , . 0, ? , - 500 . , - - - , . '- - 0 3 - :

    0 ?, , 18 2,8 - . 0 -, 3-

    30

    a a Kopaa

  • 31

    4

    $

    5

    4

    "

    7

    (

  • : 2,8 2,5 , -

    ; , - 3,1 , .6

    # , , . : , (? , 11) .( , , , , - , , . &- - , (? 0, 7), - . ' - , - .

    32

    , - % . - - - . $ - , , - , $- . ! -, , - , - $ .

  • $ " #3"" $"(

    ? B, -, :

    , , , . . ($ , 33)

    "" , ? . , ? , , . Q, ? , :

    . , . ($ P $, 38)

    , , .? ? .. Solar Apex( ) 720000 /. -, , , ? 17 - 280 . ' ? , -, .

    33

  • 34

    a a Kopaa

    &$"" -#" & "

    , - , , -. . . ($ , 5)

    , - . ($ P $, 39)

    - , B . ? , , B . 0 B 0 ? , B . ' -, B, - ? , ? . -, , - .

    1

  • , , B 0. ?- 1 29 12 44 . . 12 , ( , 1925 .) 1 . ' , 1 0 ?, - 11 . 25 :

    .($ , 25)

    ? -: 300 x 11 (, )= 3300 . , 1 365 5 48 45.5 , 3300 /365.24 = 9 . ? , 300 , 300+9 . , - 9 , -. ( -). , - .

    35

  • - ' "&

    $ . ...($ &, 5)

    # . # - "". ' - , . ('- , , -.) , , () , - 0. , 0 , . .. 7 , 0 .

    ' , - 0 . , 0 - . ' - , - . - , - , - 1400 .

    36

  • 37

  • $ " "" &

    - , -, . $ , ... - . ($ ", 88)

    38

    a a Kopaa

  • ' 0 , . & 3500-4000 - . .7

    - 0. , 0 . , - , .

    39

  • $'"$

    , -

    , , :

    , , - [ ] -. . ($ ), 29)

    [ ] , ... , ... ($ ', 11-12)

    - , 0.

    , , -

    0, .. , 7 .

    48!:

    5!4

    5 - . ! , - , - , . & , - . , , . , , e .

    40

    a a Kopaa

  • , 0 -

    .8 , -

    7 .9 ? . "Limited Fine Mesh Model"(LFMII) - , 48- , 7 .? 7- - , :

    1 -

    2 - ?

    3 - =

    4 -

    5 - )

    6 - ;

    7 - =

    # Q : " . .. , - . , . , - , - .

    # - 7- :

    " -?" ($ ", 15)

    41

  • 42

    . " - - -... ($ , 3)

    & - "" - , . - - -.

    Q, -, - 20- , - 1400 -, , , .

    4

    50

    80

    15

    !

    ?

    4

  • &*" "

    :

    . " . ($ , 32)

    , , 20- .

    , 0 , - - - . ( -, 0, , 0 .

    ' - , . '- - , ,.. , . - . - , -, -, . P ? - 0 , .

    0 . 0 270- .

    ' 0 .' , 0

    43

  • 44

    4 , 5 - , , . " , 7 $ . , 5, - -, . $ , 5- . $ , 1400 .

    , & , - ,

    . ? -

    . , , ? , , 0.

    #- + ( :

    0 -

    ? .

    . , ,

    .

    -

  • 45

    - . , 5, . " , A,. 5 . " . : , - .

    . ,

    0 . )-

    , -

    , =. ' 100

    - 0. (

    0.10

    & , , , 100 , - +. 58 , , - 250 , 2500 C.

    ? , 0 , - . - 0 .

  • $" "") - $#

    , -, , - ! , - ! ($ ), 22)

    " -". , , - , .11 -, , , - .

    46

    a a Kopaa

    4 & -- . , , . 7 - , , 58 .

  • , ,

    0 . &, - , , , -

    , 0, , . = . ) , , - . ' , - , :

    " , -, , " , , "- . , -. ($ , 65)

    , 0 , .. - . - , &= (..).

    47

  • $)"$ "") # * )"

    , 11 , - :

    , . ($ , 11)

    # "'", - , .

    , , 0, . - . , , .

    ' - . , - 13 15 , - - . , 25 , - , - , -. ;, - 0 , , . = , ? , .

    , -, , , .

    48

  • ?

    $ -, . -, - - -.

    , , - -, ., - , - - , - , .

    5 5 - - . ! - . - .

    49

  • 50

    a a Kopaa

    , -, , - :

    , , - . , , . ( , 12)

    - , , . :

    1- : ()

    2- : ()

    3- :

    4- : #

    5- : $

    6- : %

    7- : %

    , , , - &. % . - - . * 80 . - - - .

    + , Asthenes, .

  • 51

    - .

    , , - , .

    * , .12

    + , - , 2900 . /, , - , - , &.

    % & , - . + , (- ).

    & : , 2200 , , 1250. * & - &.

    ;, - , - 20, , - - .

    ()

    ()

  • 52

    a a Kopaa

    */

    % :

    , ... ( , 31)

    , , -. + , , , .

    % , , - &. , - , , .. - , 10-15 - - , &. * , , .

  • 53

    - 0-10-20-30-40-50

    !

    , .14

    $ %. & '

    % . , .15

    '! 6

    !

    , , , .16

  • 54

    a a Kopaa

    , . % :

    , -, -

    , .17

    .*- , , :

    ... , -

    . +

    - -

    . + -

  • 55

    , . % -

    , , ,

    .

    ,

    . + -

    , , .18

    , - &(Earth) ; + , -, .19

    % - :

  • - - ? ( , 6-7)

    O, , : " " (* , 32). > "" , , , - . @ - , - , . + , , - .

    $ , , -, - . , & , , - , . + - , , -, , , - - & . + - @ - , .

    , - @ . % :

    ... , ... ( , 10)

    56

    a a Kopaa

  • 57

    9:

    ;, , , - :

    - , -, ... ( , 88)

    , . & - , - . & 20 % , & , .

    % 50 , .. 1980 . % , 1915 ., 500 , +, . + 180 + .

  • 58

    a a Kopaa

    & .

    , , - 20 , :

    & , 100 -

    , , . &-

    . * , ,

    , ,

    &... > ,

    1 5 . $,

    , & .

    -

    .20

    % , , : . $- "con-tinental drift", . 21

    $ , - , : - -

  • 59

    &'7 200!776 767

    &'7 135!776767

    &'7 65!776 767

    &'9 6:7 67

    96; $%' 50 !776

    767

    79;=6; $%' 50 !776 767

    7>'67' 6 6;76'6;7;'7>'67' 6 6;76'6;7;'

    6 .

    , -

    , ,

    ,

    .

    . , , - . , , - , .

    ;, , , - , .

  • 60

    >@ @ A>

    /

    ! A , . ( , 40)

    A , , A . ( , 5)

    A A .( >, 17)

    -, () () . , - "" "" , , . % "" - "" - . $ "" "-", , , * . +

  • 61

    *. * - # .

    , & (- ) 23- 27 . + & . +- , - , * , -. > , .

    C, , , * . , , , . & * - . > , * . ( -)

  • 62

    G

    , [ ] - ?... ( >, 41)

    ... , [ ] - ?... ( , 44)

    & * , - -. () - , &. 5 , - & (- 3 ) *.22 & , -, & , , . , , - &, , -

    11 % . % 9 .

    8

    .

    30

    .

    48 96 !

    9 ,

    . ;

    .

  • 63

    &!6 6'6 $ - 60.000 % - . (% %C, )

    !67;%D'& , 9. ; 64.000 %, 42.000 . ( .)

    6

  • 64

    a a Kopaa

    , &-, .

    .23

    @ * , - * - -. : .

    -

    #, . *

    , ,

    , .26

    > 20 - 44 D 41.

  • 65

    >I, >

    , , , -. ( , 11-12)

    @ - "" , , . , , -, .

    + 1945-46 . - , .

  • 66

  • 67

    H :

    E , . % F, .. E, :

    ... . - ... ( I, 25)

    * , .. -, , - . , -, , . , , , &, - .28

    &, * . & * .E - * , - . , . . , , -. % , - .29

  • 68

    a a Kopaa

    . E-60,

    ,

    , 1,5 . >

    -60, &,

    , , -

    , ,

    .30

    , - &, , & , -. , 7 , , - . - , .

    25 F, -, :

    -

  • 69

    >

    $ . - . $ , . - -. , , . + .

    * - ; , -, . / , , :

    ... A -, . ( I, 47)

    , 9, , . ( , 5)

    J 9 [9] 9, . ( , 4)

    , , 610 -, , , @ .

  • 70

    a a Kopaa

    9H >

    , -, , , , ! ( H , 36)

    % -, , - - . $ -, . + $, , , 1933 . . , - "Parit", , , -. - . , , - . % :

    ... .

    & ,

    .31

    $ . @ , , 100 .32 % 1400 -, :

    , , .

  • 71

    , - . ( , 10)

    , , - - .( I, 53)

    . , .7 , , .

  • 72

    - @/

    * $ , , , - . $ , - - . , - 1400 :

    ... , , - , , , - , -, .( , 3)

    ... A, -, , , - , -, . ( , 61)

    , , - - . % - - -, , , .

    $ 20 , - , , . , -, , -. % , - , .

    > - : , ,

    Kuran Mucizeleri

  • 73

    , - . $ -

    , - : 10-18 (0,000000000000000001) . 33

    $, , , - - . $ - ( ) . *- , , , , -. , - - , , .

    9

    !

    3) , - .

    4) , .

    !

    6

    1) ,

    ,

    .

    , ,

    .

    2) , .;, , .

  • 74

    Kuran Mucizeleri

    @>9

    + 20 , %.

  • 75

    , - , -, , . & , , .$ - :

    . ( , 8)

    + -. C , . > . , , -, @ :

    ! ? - .( , 1-3)

  • 76

    a a Kopaa

    , , !... ( , 1)

    , . *, , , - . * , , : -, , . C - .

    > - . $ , , 23 . . * , , , , .

    - . $ , - , . % . , -, . > , - .

    & % . - . %, - , . D

  • 77

    -, - , , --

    , 1025. + , * -, 1025.

    & - , - : 1025, , 100 - &-. D % . 70% , *, 0.3 1.50 . % : , - . % , , - 1 1025, 41% .

    , , , . & -, . 34

    ,

    . 9 .

    1010 nm

    106 nm

    700 nm 600 nm 500 nm 400 nm102 nm

    10-2 nm&

    10-4 nm

  • 78

    L A

    . , . . . > [ ] , , . , . . - - . ( , 35)

    % , . . , - , , , - . , - , - , ,

    .

    . , , -. -, , ,

    , , .

    % - ,

    , , - 20000*. - ,

    .

  • 79

    , , ,

    . * .

    , - , - , , . ( -)

    , -. & , , , - . % - -. + - -. - , , -, - 7000000 , . , , - () .* , - , , 4 1 .

  • 80

    a a Kopaa

    : L/

    . - 300000 .

    @ , 300000- , . % :

    , . , , ( , 57)

    , , . ( >, 12)

    D , , . , , , @ .

  • 81

    > 9:9

    $ , , , . * & :

    , . [ ].( , 11)

    . * - 16 . & 505 - . , , , - & . .. , . +- . $ ,

  • 82

    , , , 16 .; . D - , - .

  • 83

    , .

    -, -

    . . $, , - .

    / , . $ - 1200 . , - 558 /. D , , , . , - , , , , - . + , -, 1200 . - , 10000 , .

    . , , 8-10 /. + , . - .

    , - , 1400 .

  • 84

    a a Kopaa

    *>> 9:9

    $ , . , . * , : . * - - .

    , , . % - :

    , , , , , , - . - , - . ( >, 48)

    :

    1. : " , ..."

    @ , - , . , , - . C-, , , - .

  • 85

    6 - . ; . % . .

    2. : "... , - , , ..."

    , . -

    ( 0.01 0.02 ), - .

  • , . -

    , .

    + &, - - .

    % :

    , , -, - . , - , -. -. ( , 43)

    , , .$ - . ; , :

    1. * : , - , .. .

    2. * : ( -), , - . 35

    3. * : , - . > - - . - -. + . - ,

    86

    a a Kopaa

  • 87

    (A) (- ) ($) - , - - .

    , , - - -. -. % - - - , .. ' 1400 43 6: ... - - .

    , .

    % , - ,

    , , ..36

    , , , ,, . , - , 1400 -.

  • 88

    a a Kopaa

    9:9, : >

    % :

    ... , . ( *, 48-49)

    , , . 9 -, , , , , . , , . - . % , - - , , - . -, , -, , , , , .

  • 89

    - (, -

    , .). M , - ,

    , .* , . .

    + - 150 . - , & - , . >-

    - ,

    , - -

    .

  • 90

    a a Kopaa

    L> A>9G,

    A>/

    ... , , . .( , 43)

    % -. , , . % /- (Meterology Today) :

    * -

    . ,

    -

    . -

    .

    , .

  • 91

    .

    . -

    .37

    % - , - . :

    [ ] - , . , ... (L, 19)

    $ -

    E - . % , . - .

    - , , , - - .

    +

    + +

  • 92

  • 93

    25.6 - 256 2 9000-12000 .+ -

    . + , ,

    . + , - , - , , . - . 38

    * , - .

  • 94

    a a Kopaa

    :9J>

    % - :

    , - , ... ( I, 22)

    % , . $ 20 , , .* , .

    , -, : - . % , , . , , - , , - . C, , . % , . - , - . , - , , - .

    , - - .

  • 95

    6 . , . 9 . 6 . ' . ; .

  • 96

    a a Kopaa

    % , . > , ...

    , , , , . / - ( ). / , , , , , . % , .

    $ . , - , .. , . :

    , . ( , 10)

  • 97

    >9 L> >

    ... ( ) , . ( 9, 5)

    % , - . - , - . , .. , , , .. , - . , , , , -. , , , . , , . , , .

  • 98

    a a Kopaa

    >9: LL

    ... , - , , - . ( I, 5)

    % , , , , -, , , . - , , , , , , , -, , , . - - - .

    + 1827 . @ , , . + , . $ - . (L . L- - , .)

    , . * - . - , . D 2-3 -

  • 99

    . - , -

    1 .40

    , 14 . % :

    . - , . ( H , 33)

  • 100

    % - 36%

    %

    (

    )

    % - 36,5%

    % , - . % - . 6 , , .

    > 9 9>A

    , 19-20)

    , , , , .+ , , . + , .41

    > , , , , .

    %

  • 101

    % ....

  • 102

    a a Kopaa

    >

    >G

    [ ] . - , - . . , . , -. ( , 40)

    % (Oceans) - :

    > ,

    200 . -

    . + 1000

    . 42

    $ , - , - , , , -. - .

    & 70 . - , 200 , -. + . % 1400 .

    @ , , ,

  • 103

    7 , 3 30 . ; , 200 , . ( )6 1,000 .( ) ; 1,400 40 6 .

  • .

    , : " . ,

    - " .

    , ,

    -

    . -

    , - ,

    . % -

    () .

    . %

    ,

    .43

    .@ . , . , . D , , , , - @ .

    104

    -

    6 , - . - , -. ; , 14 40 6 , - .

  • 105

    L, >>

    9:

    ! , - - , . ( , 15-16)

    > , - , - , , . - , 1400 , - 60 . , . + , - - (Essentials of Anatomy and Physiolog), :

    /, -

    , -

    ( ). 44

    + , :

    * , , -

    45

    , - , , , - , .

    , : , . , - , .

  • 106

    a a Kopaa

    . - - -. : 60% - , ; ; - ; 1 7, ... 46

    . $ , , . & , - -, - -. & - - . ' - ( ) (, , - . & , - , - , . , , .47

    , - ? *, - , , :

  • 107

    , . 48

    $ , , , / :", , - " ( 3, 28). , , , , .

    , , - -, . /

  • 108

    a a Kopaa

    () *

    & / - .

  • 109

    . 250 , -, -. , - . , , .

  • 110

    a a Kopaa

    $, , . , . $ -, , - , - .

    / / , , - , - :

    , , , . ( , 2)

    & , , :

    . - . ( , 7-8)

    , , - . / -, .

  • 111

    , . &/ -, , - [ ]:

    - , - -, [ ]. ( , 45-46)

    , ? - , . - . ( , 37-39)

    F , /, - .

    , -. ! , . # 20 . - - .

  • 112

    a a Kopaa

    , , - , .

    . 46- -, , - . $ XY - XX . - , .

  • 113

    , X Y. -

    X , X, , , .

    , Y, , , .

    , , , .

    , , .. 20 , . , - , . F , , .

    B / , -, , , .

  • 114

    a a Kopaa

    +,

    , / - , - .

    / - , , -. $ , , , - - , - .

    * - - . - . B - - .50

    C /./ / - - , - :

    ( - , -, . -, . #, , 14 - . # - , , .

  • 115

    * [, ] , - ! *!

    -. ( , 1-3)

    , - , - .

    3 , , / .

    , / , , . $, - , - - , :

    - - , , - , -. ,- !( , 14)

    , ,

    , , - , - .

  • 116

    a a Kopaa

    ' - - . 14 '- - . . ) : ...- , , ".

  • 117

    . - ,

    . -, , - -

    /.

    $ , - , /.

  • 118

    a a Kopaa

    F , -

    , , , . $ :

    a) $

    ) $

    ) $

    / , , , , . - .

    / : , , .52

    ) : , - . 53

  • 119

    6 / -, - , . 3 -, .

    $ . @- , :

    - E

    & . - , .

  • 120

    - E :

    & -, (). & -

    .

    - E ():

    (). $ - . , , .& 3 , - . $ 30 .

    F . - , / - . >, / , , , / .

  • 121

    * )

    . , , . , . . ( , 45)

    , -, ? - . ? ( , 30)

    , . . ( E, 54)

    / - , , - . C , . ( , , -.

    - :& - . 50-90% - .. 80% . /.

  • 122

    / , . ( , , , , . , . 17 , 8 ) &, 1640 . , - .

  • 123

    H

    & / , . , :

    : I . , , - ! ( , 71-72)

    [] - - , , ! . ( , 11)

    / , , -. & 26 95% - (C), (H), (O), (N), (P) (S).56 & / -:

    . ( -, 12)

  • 124

    a a Kopaa

    & - 70-

    .

    9

    '-

    '-

    !

    #

    O

    C

    H

    N

    Ca

    P

    K

    S

    Cl

    Na

    Mg

    Si

    Fe

    Zn

    Cu

    B

    Co

    V

    I

    Se

    Mn

    Mo

    Cr

    ;

    $ / ,

    /

    /

    ( )

    .

    /

    /

    . / $,

    .

    B12

    4

    ., ,

    .

    .

    %

    65.0

    18.5

    9.5

    3.3

    1.5

    1.0

    0.35

    0.25

    0.15

    0.15

    0.05

    0.05

    %

    0.01

    0.01

    0.01

    0.01

    0.01

    0.01

    0.01

    0.01

    0.01

    0.01

    0.01

    ;

    43,000

    12,000

    6,300

    2000

    1,100

    750

    225

    150

    100

    90

    35

    30

    '

    4,200

    2,400

    90

    68

    20

    20

    15

    15

    13

    8

    6

  • 125

    ? . . (, 18-20)

  • 126

  • 127

    , . /

    , , , /.

    / / - . & - / -, -, 1000 . , - , , . * , , ! (Encyclopedia Britannica), - 23 , 25 . & - , 40 - , . 1000 , .

    , / 1953 . > / 19 , , / 1400 , - , / .

    ;&

    ;

    !

    (

    ! - - 4 . (- -, - .3 - - - .

    ;

  • 128

    a a Kopaa

    HH

    ) , - . $ , - . .

    & - . & -, -, , . .

    C . $ , , 8 3:

    , , . ( , 8)

    & , - (), 0,5 . & - 5-6 . , - .

    / - , /.

  • 129

    ()

    ! ! ? -. . ( , 17-20)

    .

  • 130

    a a Kopaa

    , , -

    - .

  • 131

    H)H E

    *J

    , , -. . ( , 78)

    , - , , -, . ( , 78)

    : , -, , ?... ( , 46)

    , , , . ( , 2)

    / , $ . , , / :, , .

    & , " # - (Journal of Islamic Medical Association), - - / ) , , , . , - , , .59

  • 132

    ,

    ,

    . - .

  • 133

    + H

    . ) -, - - , . ( , 66)

    , , - -. $ - . C .

    ) , .

  • 134

    a a Kopaa

    , ,

    . ! , , .

    #'&

    &=3#9>39?9#

    @9=

    @=9 #9

    9, #(=9= !@9=3 !=)

    =9' #9

    @9=9 !=)

    = ( )

    '>3 3!=;3 #3 '#3 #3 '>9@3 8>9/3

    ;

    ;

    >

    9

    ;

    '()

    ;

    ;

    ;

    ;

    '

    (;)

    ()

    (

    (

    (>)

    (>)

    ;

    )

    )

    ;

    ;

    ;

    9

    9

    G

    9

    ( '

    3/3>;3@# ='3=9 '>#

  • 136

    a a Kopaa

    K* H

    ... -. ! +- . ( H, 14)

    ) , , - . - - - . - , -.60 , - , .

    , - , - -. & - , , , , -. $ , - .

    , - , normal flora, , . , - , .61

    $ , - . & ,

  • 137

    -.

  • 138

    H* *

    / , - , - :

    . ( , 4)

    . $ , . , - , . , -, /, -.63

    . C ,

    - , , . , - - -. # - .

    a a Kopaa

  • 139

    -

    .

    , 19 .

  • 140

    a a Kopaa

    () *H

    : , , [] ! - , [ ]! . . . ( , 68-69)

    & , - . ) - , , , .C -.66

    $ - , - -.

    J -, - , , -, , .. . $ , , - - , , - , - , ( ), ( ), .

    & . &, ( -) . C /

  • 141

    , , , .67

    , - 1400 .

    , /.

  • 142

    a a Kopaa

    H*)K )

    : , , [] ! - , [ ]! . . . ( , 68-69)

    / , . & - - . - :

    :

  • 143

    . -

    . $ - , . ) -

    .

    : $ , , .F , , , . F , -, , , .

    : &, , . , - , - . $ , - , . C , - , , . & : inocembrin,pinobaxin, chrisin galagin. pinocembrin -, . 68

    : , , , , , , , . * - -

  • 144

    B1, B2, B3,B6, B5 C. & -

    , , . .

    :

    - / - . $ , - , , .

  • 145

    10-13 2000. ,', ( -

    . )- : ' -

    . # . . -, 4 .' - .70

    L

    & >@)*

    L

    () () ( )

  • 146

    a a Kopaa

    I *

    (

    , , , , , . ( K , 36)

    ... . ( , 8)

    & , , - , /, -. & , - . C - / . , , , :

    ... , , , , - , -, . ( , 3)

    ... , -, , , - , -, . ( , 61)

    , - , 20 -

  • 147

    . -

    , , , . $

    . $ , , *-, . / () , . 3- .

    & - , - *, -. , , - , . / , , , .

    >, / -

    ,

    , /.

  • 148

    a a Kopaa

    I ( I

    , , , , ... ( , 38)

    , , , - . & - , .

    $ , , . C , 10-80 -. / -, . , . >- . F- , , - , -, ,

  • 149

    , -. & - . & , - , .

    & - , - , , , , , , , - . ), , - , , , , .

    ) , , . , , -. -, - , .

    , , . -, , .

  • 150

  • 151

    LH I

    . - . ! ! ( , 95)

    & , - /.

    / , -.

  • 152

    # , , . # , , . ( .

    '

  • 153

    J

    H(

    . (, 11)

    F - . & . / , - . $, , .

    - -, , - , . F- - , .75 F , - , - - , - , .

  • 154

    a a Kopaa

    +* )(

    , . . , - . ( , 18)

    & , -, . & , . F .

    (, , : - , , , , , ..75

  • 155

    ., - - /.

  • 156

    a a Kopaa

    H + I

    , - ... ( , 96)

    F - , , . / , . ( , , . $ , . $ - , .79

  • 157

    . $ , ,

    , : , -

    , , . $ - -. , .. - , - . & . , . , - .83

    .

    3, , -

    -

    -

    . -

    -

    .84

    $ 96

    /

    -

    -

    /.

    ( -)

  • 158

    ) H*

    *

    ) H*

    *

    * , . . - -, -, , - , . & - . - .

    -, , . ) , , , . / , .

  • 159

    B 5000-7500 , .

  • - , -

    , . -

    , .

    - , -

    .

  • a a Kopaa

    162

    " #. , , , :

    . . . -. - . , . - . (+ , 1-4)

  • 163

    $ 620 . %., - - . , . & - , , . ' , , - . -. %

    ( ), . . , 395 , - .

  • a a Kopaa

    164

    -

    ,

    . , -. " - - % .", , -, &, ( -, - - , - .85

    ', . $ #, , - - . $ - -, - -, - , , .

  • 165

    ( ). - -. , - -.

    ' , -. - - #, 627 - .%., ' &- . * - .' - - -, .86

    ( -, , .

    , , , - .

    # -, - .

  • 166

    $ , -,

    - . ' - , .

    , , -. - . & - - /.

    ' , - , -. ' - , , . - /-, , , , " .87

    ", - , " , , & 3. * , " , 395 , - .

    ", , , - " - . &- , " - /. ' - . $ , ; .

  • 167

    0

    ,

  • 168

    ' -

  • 169

    -. , , , , . & , . & - . ( ), 27)

    (..) , . , .

    (..) 27 " , , . # , $, - , . & , , (..), .

    ' , . - 27 ", , - -. * , , - $ , -, .89

  • a a Kopaa

    170

    ' , -

    , :

    , - , . . ( ), 24)

    [, ] , , , , , .( ), 1-3)

    * 76 # , , :

    & [ ], - . . ( &, 76)

    ' (..) . , , . : (..) , - . - , - . - , , - , / (..) . ' (..), , - , , . ", , .

  • 171

  • 172

    &5&:; &

    &5 152 (8x19) ,

    , , - 152 (8x19) .

    a a Kopaa

  • 243

    1

    1

    1 2 1

    1 3 3 1

    1 4 6 4 1

    1

    1 6 15 20 15 6 1

    1 7 21 35 35 21 7 1

    5 1 0 10 5 1

    1

    9 1: 19

    19

    ! 38(2x19).

    ,

    .

    19

    F 19 - 9 10.

    9 10.

    , 9 " - 19 . 116

    K - 76 (19 x 4) . 117

    209 (19 x 11) . 118 19 . 119

    19

    101

    102

    10 + 9

    100 - 81

    19

    19

  • 244

    a a Kopaa

    1

    1

    1 2 1

    1 3 3 1

    1 4 6 4 1

    1

    1 6 15 20 15 6 1

    1 7 21 35 35 21 7 1

    5 10 10 5 1

    1

    ":

    19 19.

    19 19.

    , , 19.

    1

    1

    1 2 1

    1 3 3 1

    1 4 6 4 1

    1

    1 6 15 20 15 6 1

    1 7 21 35 35 21 7 1

    5 10 10 5 1

    1

    9 2: 19

    93:

    19

    - ! 57 (3x19).

    ' -

    !- - 19 .

  • 245

    9 1 : 3

    1

    1

    1 2 1

    1 3 3 1

    1 4 6 4 1

    1

    1 6 15 20 15 6 1

    1 7 21 35 35 21 7 1

    5 10 10 5 1

    1

    19,

    ! 96 , 19 .@ 19 285 (19 x 15)

    . 76 (19x4).

    ! 68 , 38 (19 x 2) .

    57 (19 x 3) .

    !, , , 3, 96. 96 .

  • 246

    a a Kopaa

    2 1

    3 3 1

    4 6 4 1

    6 15 20 15 6 1

    7 21 35 35 21 7 1

    5 10 10 5 1

    1

    1

    1

    1 2 1

    1 3 3 1

    1 4 6 4 1

    1

    1 6 15 20 15 6 1

    1 7 21 35 35 21 7 1

    5 10 10 5 1

    1

    ,

    2, !, 68. @ - - .

    - -

    ! 73. @ .

    9 2: 2

    9 3:

    1

    1

    1

    1

    1

    1

    1

    1

  • 249

    . - , .

    , - . , - , . :

    ... ( , 22)

    , . -, , :

    , () , , , - - - !( *, 23)

    [ ]: . : 0- - , ! ( , 38)

    " , - , , . " , -

  • 250

    a a Kopaa

    , -- . -

    -

    .

    $.$. , - (The Construction of the Bible and the Koran), - :

    , ,

    , ,

    - . -

    , -

    , ,

    , ,

    . 120

    , , . , ' , , , , . , - , :

    [] , . [ ] -, , , . ( 5 , 69-70)

  • 251

    , ,

    .

    ( . ) , - , . *..

    (Science Miracles) - . - - .

    , 29 - . + , - " , . 29 14 - : , /, , , (, 3,+, 5, , 6, *, 5, 3, /.

    , , 88.8% -

    . 84.6%

  • 252

    a a Kopaa

    , , - 80% (, , ), - , *, 3 .121 30% *, 3.

    237

    1011121314151920262728293031323638404142434445465068

    -

    !"

    "

    ""

    19312119398569356

    8150

    192848159547

    27711832306

    784430260

    42

    ( , .

    "", () .

  • 253

    - , .

    B , - .

    4 , 79.92% .

    1

    2

    3

    4

    5

    6

    7

    8

    9

    10

    11

    12

    13

    14

    15

    16

    17

    &

    $

    (

    (

    (

    ...

    ...

    (

    (

    ...

    (

    e

    ...

    ...

    '

    *(%)

    a

    949

    15.22

    a

    246

    3.94

    666

    10.68

    3123

    50.08

    4984

    79.92

  • 254

    a a Kopaa

    1

    2

    3

    4

    5

    6

    7

    8

    9

    10

    &

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    1

    2

    3

    4

    5

    6

    &

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    (

    6

    7

    8

    9

    10

    11

    12

    13

    14

    15

    & /

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    (

    ...

  • 255

    26

    27

    28

    29

    30

    31

    32

    33

    34

    &

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    6

    7

    8

    9

    10

    11

    12

    13

    14

    &

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    12

    13

    14

    15

    16

    17

    18

    19

    &

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

  • 256

    a a Kopaa

    23

    24

    25

    26

    27

    &

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    22

    23

    24

    25

    26

    27

    28

    29

    30

    31

    &

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ... e'e

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    2

    3

    4

    5

    6

    7

    8

    9

    10

    11

    &

    ... '

    ...

    ... e'

    ... e'

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

  • 257

    62

    63

    64

    65

    66

    67

    68

    69

    &

    ...

    ... e

    ...

    ...

    ... '

    ...

    ... '

    ...

    130

    131

    132

    133

    134

    135

    136

    137

    138

    139

    140

    & -

    ...

    (

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ... eae

    ... e

    ...

    ... '

    ... eeae '

    ...

    7

    8

    9

    10

    11

    12

    13

    14

    &

  • 258

    a a Kopaa

    6

    7

    8

    9

    10

    11

    12

    13

    14

    15

    & =

    ... e '

    ...

    ... e a

    ...

    (

    ...

    ...

    ... ea

    ... e

    47

    48

    49

    50

    51

    52

    53

    54

    55

    &

    ... e '

    ...

    ( e'

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ...

    ... e

    5

    6

    7

    8

    9

    10

    11

    12

    &

    ... '

    ... e e '

    ...

    ...

    ... e

    ... e e a ea

    ... e e'a

    ...

  • 259

    ( - 200-300 -

    , -. , -

    , , - e -. + , , , - , , - , . , , , . - .

  • 260

    a a Kopaa

    ??A

    * * (..)

    . - . " , , . . ( ), - , . ( - ) 122

    -; ,

    , . * , ( - ) 123

    - . -

    , , - - . - -

  • 261

    , - , , -

    - , -

    . (- ) 124

    , * (..) , ,

    ' - . , -, , - , ... D- , - .125

    (! # ("L'Enseignement de I'Arabe au College de France") & )

    , ' , - * (..) E. + (-

    ) , , * (..) .B , , - , , - , , - , * (..) - .126 ( ! (Towards Understanding Islam) ,)

    , ,

    . ,

  • 262

    a a Kopaa

    , - .127 ( . &

    (Traduction Francaise duCoran))

    , , . /

    , , , - , - .128 (, - . (The Wisdom of the Qur'an))

    , - ,

    ... / , - , , - ... + - , , .129 (, :& (The Koran: ThePreliminary Discourse))

    B , ...130 ( . (Mohammed and

    Mohammadanism) )

    - . *

    ... -, , , , .131 ( ! (Islam) Alfred Guillaume)

  • 263

    , * ,

    ,

    , - - , - -

    - . , , ... + , , , . + -, ... + ' -.132 (Laura Veccia Vaglieri ! (Apologie de I'Islamisme)

    , , - , . + - , , .133 (, - , ! (A History of the Intellectual Development of Europe)

    + - -

    , , - * (..). - , , , -

  • 264

    a a Kopaa

    - ,

    ...134 (= !

    (Dictionary of Islam) - T. &. )

    D , -

    , - , , , - , - - + , / , - ; , .135 ( - ,. @ (The Koran Interpreted )

    " -

    , . + , *(..) , . ( , , - .136 (,- . , & , - )

    - , ,

    , ,

  • 265

    .137 ( . )

    / , , - -

    , .138 ( * - (Mohammed and Mohammadanism) ' /)

    .139

    (, . !: ("Islam: The Misunderstood Religion")

    B - - D, , , -

    , , , .140 (X ! ! ("The Ideals ofIslam") Y (Speechesand Writings of Sarojini Naidu)

    . : -

    , , - , , y . " - - ... + , - - , . , - .

    * , D, . -

  • 266

    a a Kopaa

    , , -

    . B - * (..)

    , - - . + , - - - . - . " .

    , -.141 ( - (New Researches into the Composition andExegesis of the Qur'an) . )

    - . - -

    , , - . . + - - - , - " D .142 (. .- (The Koran))

    , [] , -

    , ... , , , ... +

  • 267

    - .143 (= !-

    (Dictionary of Islam) @.&.)

    - * - , '-

    .144 (@.[.. & ,, - .)

    / , ,

    , , - -, , .145

    (, X -, - )

    , . A

    . , -. - , , , , -, , - ... / , , , , ' -. 146 (E. . , @ - ,)

    ( ) - , -

    . + -

  • 268

    a a Kopaa

    -, , -

    , -. , -

    - .147 ( . ,)

    ) .

    , *- (..) , . / , * (..) .148 ( X.. @, - )

    ... + , , ,

    , - , /-. , - .149 ( X.. - @)

    , -

    , , 7 .5.... ...150

    ( X.. - @)

    *, , -

  • 269

    , -

    ... B 1400 , , , , -

    , , , , ...151

    ( .,; - )

    , )

    ), , , ... - , , * (..) 1400 .152 ( - ., )

    + , , ,

    , - . - . ) , , . " , - , , .153 (&.] @, )

    D , , , -. , -

    , , , .154 ( - )

  • 270

    a a Kopaa

    + , ,

    1400 . * - , - . / - . " -. " , .155 (, Y ,, )

    , , - 1400 ,

    + , . *, : * . 156 (&. @ @ - ., @)

    - , . +-

    , ' .157 (, -)

    + () , - .

    - * (..), . , , , ' . * (..).

  • 271

    - / ,

    . + , * (..). + , . - .158 (&. & )

    :

    , ( ) - . , , , - () , - .159 (&. )

    - :

    + , - 1400 . , - . . . /, - . " - .160 (,- Y )

  • 272

    0

    . + ; ... -

    -, -, . + -, , .161 ( )

    , .

    , , , , . / - D - .162 ( ! )

    " D .

    , ... , , , ,

  • 273

    , , . "

    . ( )163

    / , , D, :

    . / , , /, -. , , -, , .164

    ( , ., ^)

    " , , : ,

    , , .165 (! ,)

    , -

    , , - .166

    (# )

  • 274

    a a Kopaa

    *:

    ' + ', , , , , - . 29 2000 . - ' ' / ' ': ("Blair: Koran Inspired Me"). ', , D- , , - , :

    , ,

    ... -

    . 167

    "- 11 - , * (The Mail on Sunday), ', - , /N ' , () .168 / , "-,' , -:

    , . B -

    D

    . , -

    , . 169

    + ' +(Time) @ . 170

  • 275

  • 276

    a a Kopaa

    * ,

    ' ( ' ' . , , ' , :

    , , ,

    , -

    , . *,

    .

    / ) , -

    ,

    . "-

    ,

    . -

    , ,

    -...

    , , -

    D. -

    .

    .

    . , -

    .

    , ,

    .

    , -

    , . -

    , , -

    ...171

  • 277

  • 278

    a a Kopaa

    0 *: - ,

    26 2001 . ' - '. " , ', , D , , - . , - , ' - - / (ISNA)- * /, :

    /: *

    , , . +

    , : +-

    - , ,

    .172

    17 2001 . ' - - . ' , D- D , , , -, , , - . , , ' :

  • 279

  • 281

    , , : - , . - , - , . . , , .

    , . : "... , , "(" #, 82). # , , , - % . , , . :

    - )- - ! - + . [ /]: . : 1 - , ! ( , 37-38)

    ), . - , ! ( , 155)

  • 283

    ;

  • ,

    , - 19 . #- -, - , 1859 4 &, * . &- , 6 %." & , , . & , . # , & - , ( Difficulties on Theory), - .

    & -, , . # - .

    # :

    1. - 6.

    2. # , , - , .

    284

    a a Kopaa

  • 285

    3. 7 - .

    - .

    ) :

    ; , - - , - 3,8 . ; , , - , . , , , - : ?

    , , - , , . " - . - .

    & -. * , .

    , , , , , . , -

  • , . 6

    . - , -

    .

    * - . # , , - .

    , & * , -, , . * &-

  • 287

    :

  • , -. & - - . , , , . - , , -

    , , 500 -, 1 10950. , - 1 1050, .

    B , , . C , - , - , 900 , 500 .

    288

    a a Kopaa

    ,

    ,

    . ,

    . ,

    . "

    .

    $ ,

    , ,

    900 , 500

    . % , .

  • 289

    :

    . " -

    . , -, . , , -. * .

  • . # , , ,

    , -. # ,

    . ; .

    " -. & : -, . 180

    " ? & . "

  • 291

    , , .

    " , - : , -

    , .

    * : . , , . %.D. :

    B , . -

    .

    , -

    . ;

    , . ; -

    . #-

    , - . 6-

    , . 181

    # , - , - . & , - . * -, -, , -- . - . , -, , F,# 4 - ,

    . ( - .

  • , & , . -

    , . C , , -.

    )

    & , -, . D % *, - , :

    # .

    # . #-

    . 182

    ; ; *-* D, - 7, 35- - Traite de Zoologie 7 , :

    &.F , -

    , -

    ,

    . D

    . -

    , -

    -

    - , -

    . 183

    292

    a a Kopaa

  • 293

    #- , - , . " - ." - .., - . " , . , .

    # -, , , . C -, , - , . , - . ;, , - , .

    , , -. C . , -

    150-200

    .

  • - .

    & :

    , -

    , C -

    -

    .184

    ) 1

    , 19 , . , - , , , , - 6 . C - ( ) & . ;, -, :

    * :

    , ,

    ; , -

    , , -

    . 185

    , , , . &-. C , - . ; , , , , . -- & 7:

    294

    a a Kopaa

  • 295

    H 6

    , ,

    , .

    , -

    . 186

    7 , 6- . , , &, , .

    )

    ; - - . " - - . , , , 4-5 - , - . :

    1. Australopithecus ()

    2. Homo habilis ( )

    3. Homo erectus ( )

    4. Homo sapiens ( )

    ; .. - Australopithecus, . , .

    Australopithecus, "/ " 6 . 4 , -

  • , . 187

    " - homo, .. . " -

    homo - -. " , Homo sapiens, .. .

    ; . " -, , . B, - 20 , , , , - Homo sapiens, . 188

    C Australopithecus > Homo habilis > Homoerectus > Homo sapiens, -, . *- , Australopithecus,Homo habilis Homo erectus , - .189

    # , , Homo erec-tus, , Homo sapiens neandarthalensis Homo sapiens sapiens ( ) . 190

    , , , . " & D, - F , , - :

    , -

    (A.africanus, aus-

    tralopithecines H.habilis),

    296

    a a Kopaa

  • 297

    . , , .

    ? # ,

    6.191

    , . *-, " & : , , -, .. . 192

    C , , -. # ; F , "/, L * , :

    B, -

    . ,

    , -

    . #

    , . 193

    , . *-- , " &, -: - , , , ..

    -. 194

  • 298

    a a Kopaa

    C , , , -

    , , - -. # ; F -

    , "/, L - - :

    B, -

    . ,

    , - -

    . # , . 195

    , , - . # (Nature) F D - (In Search of Deep Time) 1999 . , - 5 10 - , . 6-, D, :

    " ,

    -, -

    ...

    , ,

    , , ,

    . B ,

    . 196

    , - (Nature) . ; #, - , , -

  • 299

    -, , -

    .

    F D ..

    :

    # ,

    , , -

    , ,

    , . #

    .

    , .

    ,

    . , -

    , , -

    , , -

    , -

    -

    30 197

    . , , 150 , , - . # , . , , - , - , , - .

  • & , -

    %, C : # , - ,

    , (Icons of Evolution: Scienceor Myth, Why Much of What We Teach About Evolution is Wrong), - 2000 ., :

    D -

    .

    ,

    . C -

    , -

    ... ,

    , , -

    . 198

    +

    & - . # (). - - . # , -, , , - .

    -, , , -

    300

    a a Kopaa

  • 301

    , - . (# -

    D )

    , - - . - , .

    6 ( - ) -- . ; -, . , .. , , .. , - . * . , - , . -, , , .

    ; . F, - , , - , - .C , - .

    # , .. - , 80 . !- (Developmental Biology) 1996 . -- D, :

    D

    , ,

  • , ,

    . B -

    ,

    . D 1995,

    , .. &, . 199

    - : - , . - . # , -, .

    +

    ; , , , 98% , . # -, , , - 98%, , , . , -. 6 .

    &, ? , , - , 30-40, .& 35 10 -, . * -

    302

    a a Kopaa

  • 303

    , 98% ,

    40 , - .

    # , , - 40 . 1987 . - " % '- !. 200 & ", - - , , -. 201

    -, . # , - .

    , (New Scientist), - ( ) 75%.202 -, 25%! , , 530 (Chordata), , (Nematoda) .

    , - , , - - . , - , . C , - - . " . 203

    , - .

  • , - , -

    , .

    ", , , , . &- U, "- , , - . (Science) - U :

    B - -

    , -

    . % , -

    . # ,

    , -

    . -

    , , -

    --

    . 204

    . B & :

    # ,

    . , -

    , -

    ,

    ... #

    , -

    ... " , -

    ,..... -

    . 205

    304

    a a Kopaa

  • 305

    : - , -

    , , ,

    , -. , - . # , .

    , , .. .

    :

    , , -, - - . - - Ontogeny recapitulates phyloge-ny( -), - ; F 19- .

    F , - , - . #-

    ) - -

  • , - - -.

    * , . C , ,

    , - , . 6 , , , , . 4, F - , , .

    - . 16 1999 . (New Scientist) :

    F

    . -

    , F .

    #, , -

    , ,

    . 206

    & , ;F , , , . 7 F - . , , , , - :

    " -

    , -

    ,

    - - . D-

    - , -

    306

    a a Kopaa

  • 307

    ,

    - - ,

    . 207

    5 1997 . (Science) , , - F . - 6 F: :

    B , -

    ". &

  • ,

    - . # , -

    , F

    , -

    . " -

    . -

    , F -

    .

    & , , - .

    * , : ?. " , , . - , .

    . " - .

    B . , - .B, , , , - , - . .

    , , , 21 . * , , , , .

    308

    a a Kopaa

  • 309

    -? & - , -

    - , . -

    , . 100 . 6 , , . * , ./ , . #, , . - , , .C ? , .

    .&, , , . # , . 7 -, - . # - . , .

    ; , , , . ", , , , , ? - , ?

    - , - -, . - - ,

  • , -, , -

    . - . * -

    %, .

    " . , - , , , - , , - . , - .

    " . , - , - . " , . - . , , .

    # , , , - . , -, . , - , , . - , - , , , . * - , - -. & , , , , . 6, -

    310

    a a Kopaa

  • 311

    , - . 4

    , , . , ,

    . , . # , , .

    -- .

    , ?

    , , , ?

    &, , -, -. , - . # - , : , - , , ? , , - , . # ?

    # , , . ; - , , , .

    , % . &- , , , . # , , - .

  • , , ,

    # #. -, , ,

    , .

    /

    C, , , - , - -, , , , . " - , , .

    ; , 6 -, . # . # . 6? * , - . - , - , , - .

    & , . Richard C. Lewontin, F , , -, , :

    # -

    , -

    312

    a a Kopaa

  • 313

    -

    -

    , -

    ,

    . # ,

    ,

    % . 208

    , , -. " . , - . , -, , , , , , , , , - , ., . , - , % .

    , - , - , . %, , - .

  • 314

    : ) !

    , , .

    , ).

    ( , 32)

  • 315

    :

    1) S. Waqar Ahmed Husaini, The Quran forAstronomy and Earth Exploration from Space,

    Goodword Press, 3. bask, New Delhi, 1999, ss.103-108.

    2) http://www.time.com/time/time100/scientist/ profile/hubble.html3) http://home2.swipnet.se/~w-20479/Day.htm4) Dr. Mazhar U. Kazi, 130 Evident Miracles in theQur'an, Crescent Publishing House, New York, USA,1998, s. 52.5) Dr. Mazhar U. Kazi, 130 Evident Miracles in theQur'an, Crescent Publishing House, New York, USA,1998, s. 53.6) Bilim ve Teknik, Temmuz 1983.7) http://www.woodrow.org/teachers/esi/1998/p/weather/Corriolis.HTM8) http://royal.okanagan.bc.ca/mpidwirn/atmosphereandclimate/atmslayers.html; Michael Pidwirny, Atmospheric Layers, 1996.9) http://www.tpub.com/weather3/4-27.htm; NumericalPrediction Models used by NWS.10) http://www.godandscience.org/apologetics/designss.html11) http://webhome.idirect.com/~alila/Writings/Physics.htm12) http://pubs.usgs.gov/publications/text/inside.html13) http://www.wamy.co.uk/announcements3.html; from Prof. Zighloul Raghib El-Naggars speech.14) Frank Press, Raymond Siever, Earth, 3. bask, W. H. Freeman and Company, 1982, San Francisco, s. 413.15) Andr Cailleux, Anatomy of the Earth, World University Library, London, s. 220.16) Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Earth Science, 3. bask, Charles E. Merrill Publishing Company, 1982, Columbus, s. 158.17) Carolyn Sheets, Robert Gardner, Samuel F. Howe,General Science, Allyn and Bacon Inc. Newton, Massachusetts, 1985, s. 305.18) http://www.beconvinced.com/science/QURANMOUNTAIN.htm19) Frank Press, Raymond Siever, Earth, 3. bask, W. H. Freeman and Company, San Francisco, 1982.20) Carolyn Sheets, Robert Gardner, Samuel F. Howe,General Science, Allyn and Bacon Inc. Newton, Massachusetts, 1985, s. 305.21) Powers of Nature, National Geographic Society,Washington D.C., 1978, ss.12-13.22) http://www.irf.se/press/press_010309eng.html23) http://science.nasa.gov/newhome/headlines/ast08dec98_1.htm24) http://science.nasa.gov/newhome/headlines/

    ast08dec98_1.htm25) Dr. Mazhar U. Kazi, 130 Evident Mi-racles in the Qur'an, Crescent Publishing Ho-use, New York, USA, 1998, s. 115.26) http://www.planetwaves.net/polar_NYT.html; New York Times, August 19, 2000.27) http://tea.rice.edu/schauer/6.23.2000.html;http://www.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/seno/sealevel_abst.html; http://theory.uwinnipeg.ca/mod_tech/node195.html; http://www.nekkah.com/Main/EngPage/Scientific_Signs_in_the_Quran.htm28) Dr. Mazhar, U. Kazi, 130 Evident Miracles in theQuran, Crescent Publishing House, New York, 1997, ss.110-111; http://www.wamy.co.uk/announcements3.html; from Prof. Zighloul Raghib El-Naggars speech.29) http://www.wamy.co.uk/announcements3.html30) http://www.istanbul.edu.tr/fen/astronomy/populer/cevre/cevresi.htm; Yard. Do. Dr. Yksel Kara-tafl, stanbul niversitesi Fen Fakltesi Astronomi veUzay Bilimleri Blm, Popler Bilim (Popular ScienceMagazine), no. 92, 2001, ss. 38-43, [American Scientist,vol. 88, 1].31) http://www.2think.org/nothingness.html; Nothing-ness: The Science of Empty Space, Henning Genz, s.205.32) http://www.therevival.co.uk/Revival_issue/vol5_iss2_quran_miracle.htm33) http://i115srv.vu-wien.ac.at/physik/ws95/w9560dir/w9561d10.htm34) S. Waqar Ahmed Husaini, Qur'an for Astronomy andEarth Exploration from Space, 3. bask, Goodword Bo-oks, New Delhi, 1999, ss. 175-182.35) Richard A. Anthes, John J. Cahir, Alistair B. Fraser,Hans A. Panofsky, The Atmosphere, 3. bask, Columbus,Charles E. Merrill Publishing Company, 1981, ss. 268-269; Albert Millers, Jack C. Thompson, Elements of Me-teorology, 2. bask, Columbus, Charles E. Merrill Publis-hing Company, 1975, s. 141.36) Richard A. Anthes, John J. Cahir, Alistair B. Fraser,Hans A. Panofsky, The Atmosphere, 1981, s. 269; AlbertMillers, Jack C. Thompson, Elements of Meteorology,1975, ss. 141-142.37) C. Donald Ahrens, Meterology Today: An introducti-on to weather, climate and environment, 3. bask, WestPublishing Company, 1988, St. Paul, s. 437.38) http://webhome.idirect.com/~alila/Writings/Physics.htm; The Quran and Modern Physics.39) http://webhome.idirect.com/~alila/Writings/Physics.htm; The Quran and Modern Physics.40) http://www.tasabeeh.com/al3jaz/ez32.htm; Knowled-ge Is The Path For Faith, Shaikh Abdel Majeed Elzinda-ni.

  • 316

    41) Richard A. Davis, Principlesof Oceanography,

    Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, DonMills,

    Ontario, ss. 92-93.42) Danny Elder, John Pernetta, Oceans, Mitchell

    Beazley Publishers, London, 1991, s. 27.43) M. Grant Gross, Oceanography, A View of Earth, 6.bask, Englewood Cliffs, Prentice-Hall Inc., 1993, s.205.44) Rod R. Seeley, Trent D. Stephens, Philip Tate, Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology, 2. bask, Mosby-Year Book Inc., St. Louis, 1996, s. 211; Charles R. Noback, N. L. Strominger, R. J. Demarest, The HumanNervous System, Introduction and Review, 4. bask, Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, 1991, ss. 410-411.45) Rod R. Seeley, Trent D. Stephens, Philip Tate, Es-sentials of Anatomy & Physiology, 2. bask, Mosby-YearBook Inc., St. Louis, 1996, s. 211.46) Patrick Glynn, God: The Evidence, The Reconcili-ation of Faith and Reason in a Postsecular World, Pri-ma Publishing, California, 1997, ss. 80-81.47) Herbert Benson, Mark Stark, Timeless Healing, Simon & Schuster, New York, 1996, s. 203.48) Herbert Benson, Mark Stark, Timeless Healing, Simon & Schuster, New York, 1996, s. 193.49) Patrick Glynn, God: The Evidence, The Reconcili-ation of Faith and Reason in a Postsecular World, Pri-ma Publishing, California, 1997, s. 94.50) Keith L. Moore, E. Marshall Johnson, T. V. N. Per-saud, Gerald C. Goeringer, Abdul-Majeed A. Zindani,Mustafa A. Ahmed, Human Development as Describedin the Qur'an and Sunnah, Commission on ScientificSigns of the Qur'an and Sunnah, Makkah, 1992, s. 36.51) Keith L. Moore, Developing Human, 6. bask, 1998.52) http://anatomy.med.unsw.edu.au/cbl/embryo/Notes/git4.htm53) http://virtual.yosemite.cc.ca.us/uyeshiros/AP50/Repro.htm54) Dr. Mazhar U. Kazi, 130 Evident Miracles in theQur'an, Crescent Publishing House, New York, USA,1998, s. 84.55) Williams P., Basic Human Embryology, 3. bask,1984, s. 64.56) http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/dees/ees/life/lectures/lect21.html57) Dr. Mazhar U. Kazi, 130 Evident Miracles in theQur'an, Crescent Publishing House, New York, USA,1998, ss. 96-97.58) Laurence Pernoud, Jattends un enfant, Pierre Horay, Paris, 1995, s. 138.59) Dr. Mazhar U. Kazi, 130 Evident Miracles in theQur'an, Crescent Publishing House, New York, USA,1998, ss. 78-79.60) http://www.uuhsc.utah.edu/healthinfo/pediatric/

    Hrnewborn/bhrnb.htm61) http://www.uuhsc.utah.edu/healt-hinfo/pediatric/Hrnewborn/bhrnb.htm62) http://www.icr.org/pubs/imp-259.htm; RexD. Russell, Design in Infant Nutrition.63) http://www.ridgesandfurrows.homestead.com/fingerprint.html64) http://www.ridgesandfurrows.homestead.com/fingerprint.html65) http://www.optel.com.pl/article/english/article2.htm;A. A. Moenssnens, "Fingerprint Techniques", ChiltonCompany, 1971.66) Hayvanlar Ansiklopedisi-Bcekler, C.B.P.C. Publis-hing Ltd./Phoesbus Publishing Company, stanbul,1979, s. 97.67) Dr. Mazhar U. Kazi, 130 Evident Miracles in theQur'an, Crescent Publishing House, New York, USA,1998, ss. 68-69.68) http://www.nutritionfarm.com/health_news/1998/antioxidants4.htm; Journal of Apicultural Research, 1998, 37:221-225;http://www.science-news.org/sn_arc98/9_12_98/Bob1.htm69) http://www.sdearthtimes.com/et0100/et0100s17.html70) http://www.draperbee.com/info/honey_news.htm71) Edward O. Wilson, Sociobiology: The New Synthe-sis, The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press,England, 1975, s. 123.72) Russell Freedman, How Animals Defend Their Yo-ung, s.69. 73) Russell Freedman, How Animals Defend Their Yo-ung, ss. 66-67. 74) Bilim ve Teknik, Mays 1987, say 234, s. 17.75) Dr. Mazhar U. Kazi, 130 Evident Miracles in theQur'an, Crescent Publishing House, New York, USA,1998, s. 108.76) Dr. Mazhar U. Kazi, 130 Evident Miracles in theQur'an, Crescent Publishing House, New York, USA,1998, s. 108.77) http://www.geocities.com/abusedelders/page9.html78) http://www.biomedcentral.com/1364-8535/5/81/abstract79) http://www.bodyandfitness.com/Beauty/Anti-Aging/melatonin1.htm80) http://www.stenlake.com.au/ShowDocument.asp?DocumentId=5381) http://wildcat.arizona.edu//pa-pers/90/22/05_1_m.html82) http://fitness.howstuffworks.com/sleep.htm?printab-le=183) http://aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu/greenhouse/ornamentals/light.html84) http://beta.physicsweb.org/article/news/5/1/1085) Warren Treadgold, A History of the Byzantine State

  • 317

    and Society, Stanford UniversityPress, 1997, ss. 287-299.

    86) Warren Treadgold, A History of theByzantine State and Society, Stanford Univer-

    sity Press, 1997, ss. 287-299.87) http://www.beconvinced.com/science/

    QURANLOWEST.htm; http://www.tasabeeh.com/english/html/print.php?sid=7188) http://www.angelfire.com/az/miracles/Archaeo-logy.html 89) mam Taberi, Taberi Tefsiri, 5. cilt, mit Yaynclk,stanbul, s. 2276.90) http://armyant.ee.vt.edu/paper/robo_mag.html91) http://www.cs.technion.ac.il/~wagner/92) Walter Wreszinski, Aegyptische Inschriften aus demK.K. Hof Museum in Wien, 1906, J C Hinrichs scheBuchhand lung.93) Hermann Ranke, Die gyptischen Personennamen,Verzeichnis der Namen, Verlag Von J J Augustin inGlckstadt, Band I,1935, Band II, 1952.94) British Museum, 6 nolu Msr papirs. 95) http://www.ohr.org.il/special/pesach/ipuwer.htm96) http://www.mystae.com/restricted/streams/thera/plagues.html; Admonitions of Ipuwer 2:5-6.97) http://www.mystae.com/restricted/streams/thera/pla-gues.html; Admonitions of Ipuwer 2:10.98) http://www.students.itu.edu.tr/~kusak/ipuwer.htm; Admonitions of Ipuwer 5:12.99) http://www.students.itu.edu.tr/~kusak/ipuwer.htm; Admonitions of Ipuwer 10:3-6.100) http://www.students.itu.edu.tr/~kusak/ipuwer.htm;Admonitions of Ipuwer 6:3.101) http://www.ohr.org.il/special/pesach/ipuwer.htm102) http://www.mystae.com/restricted/streams/thera/plagues.html; Admonitions of Ipuwer.103) http://www.students.itu.edu.tr/~kusak/ipuwer.htm;Admonitions of Ipuwer 2:10.104) http://www.students.itu.edu.tr/~kusak/ipuwer.htm;Admonitions of Ipuwer 3:10-13.105) http://www.geocities.com/regkeith/linkipuwer.htm;Admonitions of Ipuwer 2:11.106) http://www.geocities.com/regkeith/linkipuwer.htm;Admonitions of Ipuwer 7:4.107) http://www.islamic-awareness.org/Quran/Contrad/External/josephdetail.html; http://www.islaam.com/Article.asp?id=40.108) Werner Keller, Und die Bibel hat doch recht (TheBible as History; a Conformation of the Book of Bo-oks), William Morrow, New York, 1956. 109) Le Monde de la Bible, Archeologie et Histoire,Temmuz-Austos 1993.110) G. Ernest Wright, Bringing Old Testament Timesto Life, National Geographic, vol. 112, Aralk 1957, s.883.111) Mevdudi, Tefhiml Kuran, cilt 4, nsan Yaynlar,

    stanbul, s. 517. 112) Werner Keller, Und die Bibel hatdoch recht (The Bible as History; a Conforma-tion of the Book of Books), William Morrow,New York, 1956, s. 230.113) http://monak2.tripod.com/Peaceonline/id1.html114) smail Yakt, Trk-slam Kltrnde Ebced Hesabve Tarih Dflrme, s. 36.115) smail Yakt, Trk-slam Kltrnde Ebced Hesabve Tarih Dflrme, s. 56.116) http://www.iol.ie/~plugin/stonecal.htm117) http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/halley.html118) http://www.swt.edu/~RB08/medicolegal_inv_de-ath.htm119) http://www.nsbri.org/HumanPhysSpace/focus6/ep_intro.html120) [F. F. Arbuthnot, The Construction of the Bible andthe Koran, London, 1985, s. 5.]; http://www.islam-web.net/english/quran/miracalous/miracalous1.htm121) Dr. Adel M. A. Abbas, Anne P. Fretwell, ScienceMiracles, No Sticks or Snakes, Amana Publications,Beltsville, Maryland, USA, 2000, s. 13.122) [H. A. R. Gibb, Islam-A Historical Survey, 1980,Oxford University Press, s. 28.]; http://www.islamic-awareness.org/Quran/Miracle/ijaz.html123) [H. A. R. Gibb, Arabic Literature-An Introduction,1963, Oxford at Clarendon Press, s. 36.]; http://www.islamic-awareness.org/Quran/Miracle/ijaz.html124) [H. A. R. Gibb, Arabic Literature-An Introduction,1963, Oxford at Clarendon Press, s. 36.]; http://www.islamic-awareness.org/Quran/Miracle/ijaz.html125) [Paul Casanova, LEnseignement de IArabe auCollege de France, Lecon doverture, 26th April 1909];http://www.islamweb.net/english/quran/miracalous/miracalous1.htm126) [Harry Gaylord Dorman, Towards UnderstandingIslam, New York, 1948, s. 3.]; http://www.islamweb.net/english/quran/miracalous/miracalous1.htm127) [Ed