Non-specific or innate immunity Specific or adaptive immunity antigen-independent immediate antigen-dependent lag time patternMacromoleculesThe differences between the two types of immunity

NKNKTB1T1 (neutrophils)2 (macrophages)

TB

NK

monocyte (macrophage, M)

(

A

.pattern recognition receptor,PRR)pathogen associated molecular pattern, PAMP):

scavenger receptorSRToll

CLCLCLCLCLCLCLCLF2 NH2 CRDCOOH mannose receptorMR180 kDa8

C SSCOOH COOHHOOCNH2NH2 2HNS scavenger receptorSR(scavenger receptor)

TollLBP ()sCD14Soluble CD14LPS

2.complement receptor, CRFcR

IgGC3b

CD16 FcR IIICD11b/CD18 CD25CD28 CD32 Fc R II CD35 CR1 CD64 Fc R ICD71B7-2IL-2

Adherence of bacteria via receptors

A --- H2O2O2-NO B --- C ---

pattern

NADPH H+e- + O2O2-H+H2O2b558

II (NADPH) b558

O2 + NADPH O2- + NADP + H+

2O2 + 2H2 H2O2 + O2

H2O2 + Cl + H+ HOCl + H2O

HOCl + R-NH RNCl + H2O

H2O2 + OCl- 1 O2 + H2O + Cl-

H2O2 + O2- O2 + OH- + .OH NADPH

NO

NO

L- + 1/2O2 + NO

NO + O2 - ONOO-

Oxygen-independent mechanisms of intracellular killingCationic ( )

Macrophage Phagocytosis

ADCC

Th1

--- (IL-1IL-6IL-8IL-12TNF-)-IL-1/12TNF--TGF-

resting state

primed state-- IFN-

activated state-- C3b+LPS+IFN-

CR1CR3 CR4 FclgG FcFcR// IgA Fc LFA-1IL-8R

A. B. IgG-Ag FcR IgM CR

Dentritic Cells, DC) nave) TDCT CD1aCD11cCD83 MLRT

DC

PBMC1% DCDC DCLC DC DC DC

DC DC

TIR T

DC a. b.FcR c. d. e.B7 f. DEC205

DC a.MHC -III b.DC-CK T c. d.

T

T BIgB

:

NK(natural killer cell)(large granular lymphocyte, LGL TB-- TCRIg TCR-mIg-CD56+CD16+ --- NKCTLTh IFN510 12 NK

Human NK cell

NNK

NK 1. 2.T --- A.NK --- CD3+NK --- CD3- B.NKT a. --- CD16 CD16+CD4-CD8- T CD16+CD4-CD8- NK b. --- NKCD56 CD3-CD4-CD8-CD56+ NK CD56- T 3. CD34+CD7+NKCD2+CD16+CD56+

NKHLA 1.KIR IgKIR2DKIR3D ITIMKIR2DLKIR3DLKIR2DSKIR3DSITAMDAP12NK

2.KLRCD94/NKG2ACD94/NKG2C3.KIRKLR

NKCR MHC-I+NKNKMHC-I-KIRABMHC-IKAR NK(KIR)MHC I MHC I NK

NK 1. 1 A./ B.Fas/FasL C.TNF-TNFR-

2ADCC FcRNK+ IgG( )

2. IFN-TNF-GM-CSFIL-3M-CSF A.TBAPC B.

Antibody Dependent Cell-Medicated CytotoxicityADCCADCCIgGVFcNKFcRIgG

NKCR NKCR IgNKCR KIR H2N NH2 -S-S- HOOC COOHITIMITIM COOHNH2ITIM: immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs

NK CD2CD16FcRIIICD69ADCC (antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity)Target cell

NK cells and their activation

Electron micrograph of an NK cell

High power view of an NK cell granule containing perforin, granzymes, and other mediators

Phase contrast micrograph of NK cell attacking a target cell projection.

An "NK" cell (N) attached to a "target" cell "T".. The NK cell will kill the now helpless target cell quickly, by the injection of deadly perforin

NKT NK1.1TCR-CD3TCD4CD8TCD4TTCRTCRTCR CD1MHC

1---FasL 2---NK1.1+T + DC + M a.DC+MIL-12NK1.1+TIFN-+IL-12Th0Th1 b.NK1.1+TIL-4Th0Th2 IgEIgG1

. 1.FcR 2.IL-5CCchemokines, MCP-3

A.,major basic protein B. C.IL-3IL-5 1. 2.

(mast cell)(basophils) ---0.2% --- , 1.FcRIgEFc 2.C3aR C5aR

1.IgE-Ag FcR 2.C3aC5a

A. histamineC4leukotriene C4 D2prostaglandine D2 B. TNF IL-8PAF

A. B.IgE C.

1.2.3.-

NKT NKTB1

1.2.3.

0-4h >96h APC4-96h NK

0-4hM

4-96hIL-8IL-6IL-1MCP-1(-1)LTB4(B4)PAF()PGE(E)-IFNTNF,IL-12

96hAPC antigen-presenting cell

1.pattern recognition receptor PRRpathogen associated patternPAMP2.Toll

inflammation (acute inflammation)(chronic inflammation) -1 -

PEICAM

5- C3a C5aPGD2 LTC4LTD4TXEPAFN- PAFC5aLTB4PAF IL-8

NKADCC

IgEFcIgE

(ADCC)NKIgGFc(CDl6FcrR)IgGFcNKFcrRNKIgGNKADCC

1. To1124(TLR2TLR4)G-G+TLR2G+TLR4G+

2. ---