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personal.psu.edupersonal.psu.edu/wnb3/astro485/xrayschool/smith-atomicphysics.pdf · . k %) a G I =T5.C =Bd:%DH=B5.Cbs;:FW~:FC hiI&u =@C DHG I 7R:,W I k} =BW@=Ts

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Page 1: personal.psu.edupersonal.psu.edu/wnb3/astro485/xrayschool/smith-atomicphysics.pdf · . k %) a G I =T5.C =Bd:%DH=B5.Cbs;:FW~:FC hiI&u =@C DHG I 7R:,W I k} =BW@=Ts

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Page 2: personal.psu.edupersonal.psu.edu/wnb3/astro485/xrayschool/smith-atomicphysics.pdf · . k %) a G I =T5.C =Bd:%DH=B5.Cbs;:FW~:FC hiI&u =@C DHG I 7R:,W I k} =BW@=Ts

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Page 3: personal.psu.edupersonal.psu.edu/wnb3/astro485/xrayschool/smith-atomicphysics.pdf · . k %) a G I =T5.C =Bd:%DH=B5.Cbs;:FW~:FC hiI&u =@C DHG I 7R:,W I k} =BW@=Ts

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j^WBW 8W~:F?A7R:F?p:%D/I C:,s?l5/<As IU` jtn_Y63(h:,W@hJW~:%DH=B5/C^5/q;3LXZY 8W~:F?A7R: =DHG :,dJd5,D>DP:LIiD :FW=B5/C=Bd:%DH=B5.Cts;:FW@:FChiI "! :eQV795.CUkM$#k7S=TDHGSh:FW@hJW~:DP=T5.C(u U=T[V=@UIU+smQ%'&& xo5/q*3LXZY 8W~:,?>7S:(*) +-, f_<AI7S?A?DH<H:FGWBC./+0 f_W~:Fhks5VUVQ] 5,DHI DHG:%D:DG=B/G D>I798 IJ<H:%DH<AI DHGIRj^n_Y63 hJ5.C.DH=@C 7 h:FW@hJW~:DP=T5.C(IyhiIJIU? DPGIs<AI79?>?D><H:FGW@CkUI D>5 DHGI IiykD><H:<H:FU=@:%DH=T[.IN<AIhi5.7s=@C:%DH=T5.CShi5.CmDH=BCk71

aGI D>5FDP:FWI7S=@?A?A=T[V=TD Q+=@C DHGI|j^n_Y63 :FCU ! :eQV795.CUkM$#k7S=TDHGgh:FWBhW@:%DH=B5.C?=@?^?>=B7S=@W@:,<'2DHGI U=43 IJ<AIChiI?:,<AI =@C+DHGI C 7|sI<p5/q WB=@CI?"=@ChJW@UIUv:FCU4DPGI=B<5:[.IWBICmDHG?6

Page 4: personal.psu.edupersonal.psu.edu/wnb3/astro485/xrayschool/smith-atomicphysics.pdf · . k %) a G I =T5.C =Bd:%DH=B5.Cbs;:FW~:FC hiI&u =@C DHG I 7R:,W I k} =BW@=Ts

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Page 5: personal.psu.edupersonal.psu.edu/wnb3/astro485/xrayschool/smith-atomicphysics.pdf · . k %) a G I =T5.C =Bd:%DH=B5.Cbs;:FW~:FC hiI&u =@C DHG I 7R:,W I k} =BW@=Ts

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aGI=T5.C=Bd:%DH=B5.Cbs;:FW~:FChiI&u =@CDHGI<>7R:,W Ik=BW@=Ts<H=B7+xUIJ8 ICU?o5.CDPGI<H:%D>I?zq$5/<*Ie:,hrG=B5/C`2Sa5,Dr:,W hJ5/W@W@=B?A=B5.C:FW =B5.C=Tde:%DH=T5.C2RYzyhJ=TDP:%DH=B5.CkMZ:FVD>5.=B5.C=d:%D>=B5.C2Sa5,Dr:,W <H:FU=~:%DH=[.I^<AIhJ5.7s=BC:%DH=B5.C2Sa5,Dr:,W U=BIWBIhiD><A5.C=Bh^<AIhi5.7s=@C:%DH=T5.C

q hi5.<>?AI VDHGI?lIb:,<AI C5FD kC5 C48<AIhJ=@?lIWTQ*aGI 8WB5FDhJ5.7E8;:,<AI?_DHG<>IJI U=43 I<AIChJI=B5/C=Bd:%DH=B5.CgI =@W@=Ts<>=@7 h:FWBhW@:%DH=B5.C?J`Lj <HC:,U ! 5,DPGIC; u x ! :QV795.CU#k7S=DPG u -2 8 U:%D>I%x :FCU :%ddJ5FDADP: IiDv:,W u mx aGI(=T5.C q$<H:FhiDH=T5.C?q$5/<I K XK XlXKNK :FCU KNK XlX :,<AI ?AG5 C 2*DHGI U=43 IJ<AIChiI? s IiD$pIIC 7E5VUIJ<>Ch:FW@hJW~:%DH=T5.C? :,<AIL=BC/ICIJ<H:FWksIJD LIJIC :FCU"'& ,sVD_h:FCs I"?>s?DP:FC.DH=~:FWBWTQ W~:%<>FI<'

Page 6: personal.psu.edupersonal.psu.edu/wnb3/astro485/xrayschool/smith-atomicphysics.pdf · . k %) a G I =T5.C =Bd:%DH=B5.Cbs;:FW~:FC hiI&u =@C DHG I 7R:,W I k} =BW@=Ts

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Page 7: personal.psu.edupersonal.psu.edu/wnb3/astro485/xrayschool/smith-atomicphysics.pdf · . k %) a G I =T5.C =Bd:%DH=B5.Cbs;:FW~:FC hiI&u =@C DHG I 7R:,W I k} =BW@=Ts

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./+.0/,,1 ` 32 4

2 # IJI DP:FW S5/Cg8G5FD>5.=B5/C=BdJIUR8W~:,?>7S:F?65

Page 8: personal.psu.edupersonal.psu.edu/wnb3/astro485/xrayschool/smith-atomicphysics.pdf · . k %) a G I =T5.C =Bd:%DH=B5.Cbs;:FW~:FC hiI&u =@C DHG I 7R:,W I k} =BW@=Ts

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1 ! 31 ) !' ) -,! ) `2 ./0 ) , , :[.IWBICFDHG?6Yo=@C?D>I=BC+j hi5kIRhJ=BICmDH?2 + ) , ! , , "! u tx DHGI DHGIJ<>7R:FW@WQ MZ:e[/I<H:,/IU9IyhJ=TDP:MDH=T5.C4<H:%D>I 2 1 ) # ,$ , % , #V:F79Izq5F<8<A5FD>5.CtIyhJ=TDP:%DH=T5.C =Bqk?A=B.C= ;h:,CmD 2 + ) , ,'& (! , ,) ! :DHI?pD>59:FW@W <AIWTIJ[/IC.DWTIJ[.IW@?LWBIi[.IW2* + ) , ./+. /, ,,+.- 0/ , 2134 :[.IWTIC,DPG? :,CU <P:DHI?q$5/<pIe:,hrG+D><H:FC?A=TDH=B5.C2 ./0 ./+. /, , +5 , , # ,617 8G5FD>5.=B5.C=Tde:DP=T5.Chi<A5.?A?"?lIhDH=B5.C4q$5/<?l5.79I WTIJ[/IWB?2 98 :& 1;# ,< ,, jMO[,:FW@I?6VqChiDH=B5/C:FW q$5/<>7 5/q h<l[.I2 ) ! ) = ," ! IW@:%DH=T[V=@?DH=@h[?]5.C XcC : 3LXZY 8W~:F?A7R: DHGI =B5/C=Bd:%DH=B5.C s;:FW@:FChJI h:FC(sI9h:FW@hJW~:DHIU =@CUIJ8 ICUIC.DHWTQ 5/q

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Page 9: personal.psu.edupersonal.psu.edu/wnb3/astro485/xrayschool/smith-atomicphysics.pdf · . k %) a G I =T5.C =Bd:%DH=B5.Cbs;:FW~:FC hiI&u =@C DHG I 7R:,W I k} =BW@=Ts

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! ! . , 0 ) 2 =@CI =BUIC.DH= ;h:%DH=B5.C2 :[.IWBICFDHG? uIJ<A<>5F<H?rx2SjMO[,:FWBI?bu hrGIh k=@C|q$5/<"5/8DH=Bh:FWBWTQEDPG=Bh x2 #R[V? 6hJ5.8WB=@C =B?A?>I?=@C.[.5.W[.IU uj x XO5.C 88 IJ< 5 LIJ< Yo7S=B?A?>=[=D Q Va ! IW~XcCmD ,$,+& I K^K - ,IM & ) & && ,$,$, & I K^K 6) IM & ) & & ,$,$, & I K^K XlX - ,/IM & & & ,$, ]I XOK , &$),IM #) & , &&& , 6& I K XlXlX ) ,IM & ) & && , & ]I XOK '& & ,/IM & & && , , & ]I XOK '& &$) & IM & & &&

,1 -, ) = IWBIhiD><A5.C4hJ5.C /<P:DP=T5.C ` "ICI<AFQ+:,s5 [.It/<A5.CU u I&x ` & &&&&& & :FC.DP7 ?DP:%D>I ` C Wt] >j?& UI/ICIJ<P:,hiQ YoCIJ<>,Q WBIi[.IW U:Dr:|?l5.<>hJI ` Fjt]^a ,) #noG5FD>5.=T5.C=Bd:%DH=B5.C9U:%DP:|?l5.<>hiI ` )Fjt]^a , , ,3 ,1 -, ) = IWBIhiD><A5.C4hJ5.C /<P:DP=T5.C ` "!#%$ ICI<AFQ+:,s5 [.It/<A5.CU u I&x ` )& :FC.DP7 ?DP:%D>I ` C -W ?& UI/ICIJ<P:,hiQ YoCIJ<>,Q WBIi[.IW U:Dr:|?l5.<>hJI ` Fjt]^a ,) #noG5FD>5.=T5.C=Bd:%DH=B5.C9U:%DP:|?l5.<>hiI ` )Fjt]^a , , ,3 ,1 & &'&, ) ,(YoWBIhDH<A5.C4hi5.W@WB=@?A=B5.CR<H:%D>I q$<A5.7 *) ` C5.CdJIJ<>5! Iq$IJ<AIChiI s=Bs hJ5kUI ` Fj^]+^a ,) # :[.IWBICFDHG u W~:%s>5/s?lI<l[.IU xu j^C.?D><A5.7+x ` ,$, & *,4>eM & & & ,+&&& :[.IWBICFDHG u$DHGI5F<AQ;x u jNC.?D><>5/7+x ` , & &&&a<H:FC?A=TDH=B5/C <H:%D>I >,Yo=@C?D>I=@C j u ?"- x ` $)$)$) &,I., :[.IWBICFDHG u W~:%s>5/s?lI<l[.IU xz<AIq$IJ<>IChiI ` m3L:.noG )$) $)/ :[.IWBICFDHG u$DHGI5F<AQ;x*<>IJq$I<AIChJI ` Fj^]+^a ,) #a<H:FC?A=TDH=B5/C <H:%D>I <AIJqIJ<AIChiI ` .noGf & ),

Page 10: personal.psu.edupersonal.psu.edu/wnb3/astro485/xrayschool/smith-atomicphysics.pdf · . k %) a G I =T5.C =Bd:%DH=B5.Cbs;:FW~:FC hiI&u =@C DHG I 7R:,W I k} =BW@=Ts

)/ i3 %@ k 2 CU:F7EIC.DP:FW.h:,W@hJW~:%DH=B5/Cb=B? DHGIphJ<A5.?A? ?lIhDH=B5.C G=@hrG&sIhi5.79I? :^U=B79IC?A=T5.CWBI?A? :FC.DH=TD Q `

! #" ,%$'& ")( u+* ) ,Vx

2Sj[.IJ<P:%.=@C DHG=@?p5[/I<":/ :y pIW@W@=@:FCR.=T[/I?pDHGI-Ahi5.WBW@=@?A=T5.C ?lD><AICFDHG.! utx 0/1 ! #";IiyV8&u32 4 "5 x76 u84

"5 x2 =B.GkMwDHI798I<H:%DH<AI :,88<A5ey=B7R:%DH=B5/Cu ?lIJI6f1<A/I?A? \a W@WQ -ej j , !, ) x

9 YoWBIhDH<>=BhtU=B85.WBIF` ! ) hi5.C?D:<;>= u 4 x9 vWTDH=B85.WBI|` ! ) hi5.C?D9 # 8=@CkMchrG:FC/I ` ! ) hi5.C?D@? 4 "

2SaG<AI?AG5.W@U I3 IhDP?62 ! M$ j*a ! XwK [V? u q$<A5.7 h :,.GW@=BC IJDv:FW && noG.QV?'of =@C48<>I?A?rx

0 200 400 600 800 1000electron energy (Rydbergs)

10−4

10−3

10−2

10−1

100

101

102

tota

l col

lisio

n st

reng

th Ω

Electron impact excitation of Fe XIX2s

22p

4 manifold, Breit−Pauli (R−matrix) 20−state results

2s22p

4 3P

e

2 − 2s22p

4 1D

e

2

0 20 40 60 80electron energy (Rydbergs)

10−4

10−3

10−2

10−1

100

101

102

tota

l col

lisio

n st

reng

th Ω

Electron impact excitation of Fe XIX2s

22p

4 manifold, Breit−Pauli (R−matrix) 20−state results

2s22p

4 3P

e

2 − 2s22p

4 1D

e

2

A B CD 2 #k=B7S=@W@:,<6C5FDP:%DH=B5.C2RXcCgIk=BW@=Ts<H=B71 $)E: ?AWB5 pI<1DHG:FCgIWBIhiD><A5.C?2Sj 3 IhiDH?"7E5.?DPWQRWT5"McWTQV=@C|WBIi[.IW@?

Page 11: personal.psu.edupersonal.psu.edu/wnb3/astro485/xrayschool/smith-atomicphysics.pdf · . k %) a G I =T5.C =Bd:%DH=B5.Cbs;:FW~:FC hiI&u =@C DHG I 7R:,W I k} =BW@=Ts

; #i ( ,@ek; k)Fm0 + ) A $)

aGIphJ5.WBW@=B?A5/C ?DH<AICFDHG&q$5/<DHGI XlX "! $ ) " u ! xW@=BCIp=B?*C5,Dz?lD><A5.C.WQ&:,q~Mq$IhD>IUsmQ <AI?A5/C:FChJI?6 5 LIi[.IJ<'DHGI"?>:F79Ip=@?*C5FD D><HIpq$5/< DPGILq5F<>s=BUUIC&D><H:FC?A=TDH=T5.C $ ) #"

Page 12: personal.psu.edupersonal.psu.edu/wnb3/astro485/xrayschool/smith-atomicphysics.pdf · . k %) a G I =T5.C =Bd:%DH=B5.Cbs;:FW~:FC hiI&u =@C DHG I 7R:,W I k} =BW@=Ts

),)/ $ )/ ,; 'V V),@),

365.C?A=@UIJ< XlXlX=@C DHGI|/<A5.CU ?Dr:DHI <AIhi5.7s=@C=BCRU=BIWBIhiD><A5.C=Bh:FWBWTQ^aG ? LI7R:Q G:[.ItDHGI q$5.W@WT5 =@C?lIJ<H=TI?"5FqIJ[/IC.DH?`

XlXlX #" , ) XlX $ ! $ ") XlX $ ,*u #)+*-, j x) XlX #" ,zu * 6& j x

aGI =@C=Dr:,W-l<AIhi5.7s=@CIU. ?DP:%D>I =@?U5.sWQ MOIiyh=D>IU G=BhrGghi5.WBU`2RXO5.C=TdI1:,CUbUIh:Q C5/CkMc<H:FU=~:%DH=[.IWQs;:Fh ^D>5DHGIo/<A5.CU ?DP:%D>I^uIW@:F?DP=Bh*?Ah:%DAD>I<>[email protected]=TdI :FCUgUIh:QRDH59:FC4Iiyh=D>IU+?lDP:%D>ISu<AI?l5.C:,CmDLIiyh=DP:%DH=B5.C x 2 ! :FU=@:%DH=T[.IWTQ ?DP:,s=@WB=BdJII7S=TDADH=@Cv:%DWTIe:,?lD g8G5FD>5.C?4u U=BIWBIhDH<A5.C=Bh<>Ihi5.7s=@C:MDH=T5.C x

#V:%D>IW@W@=D>ISW@=BCI?6 G=@hrG 5VhJhJ<=@C DHGIR8<AI?AIChiI45Fq: ?l8IhDP:%D>5/<&IWBIhiD><A5.C 7R:Q s I?AW@=T.GmDHWQS5/<?A=T.C= ;h:FC.DPWQSWT5.C/IJ<5":[.IWTIC,DPG?_DHG:FCRDPGI=B<"7R:F=@C WB=@CI ?>G5 C+GI<AI q$5/< XlXlXo<AIhJ5.7s=BC=@C&D>5 XlX^uq$<>5/7 #V:,q$<A5.C5 [,:&IJD :,W & & 3L:FC ;noG.QV?>=Bh?rx XcC:FUU=DP=T5.C *U=TIWTIhD><A5.C=@h9<AIhJ5/7|s=BC:%DH=B5.C(h:FC 85/8W~:DHI ?l5.7EI WBIi[.IWB? ?A=B.C= ;h:,CmDHWTQ =@C8;:,<lDH=@hJW~:,<"DHGIq$5/<As=@UUIC W@=BCI 5/q XlX:%DtG=B.G D>I798I<H:%DH<AI?' GIC(795.?D 5/qzDPGIW@=BCI I79=@?A?A=T[V=TD Q9=@?"q$<A5.7 <AIhi5.7s=@C:DP=T5.C uq$<A5.7 #k7S=TDHGRIiDN:FW && ^jN8 ) x

Wavelength in angstrom19.819.719.619.519.419.319.219.11918.918.8

Rel

ativ

e in

tens

ity fa

ctor

, Qd

14

13

12

11

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Page 13: personal.psu.edupersonal.psu.edu/wnb3/astro485/xrayschool/smith-atomicphysics.pdf · . k %) a G I =T5.C =Bd:%DH=B5.Cbs;:FW~:FC hiI&u =@C DHG I 7R:,W I k} =BW@=Ts

$)/ R )/ % %@ k

aGI I7S=@?A?A=B5.C4UI D>59U=T<>IhDIiyhJ=TDP:%DH=B5.CR5/q : WTIJ[.IW=@?".=[.IC4smQ `

u) x +* ) : 6& -Iy8u2 x

! u ) x =Fu tx= : == u x

IJ<AIkDHGI I7S=@?A?A=B5/C 5FqDHGI <>I?l5.C:FChiI W@=BCI =@?L8<>=@7S:,<>=@WTQEUI D>5 U=B<AIhD"Iyh=Dr:DP=T5.C 5 pIJ[/I<' DHGI q$5/<As=@UUICgW@=BCI =@?"q$5/<>79IUS[=@: ?lIhJ5.CU:%<AQ47EIJDHG5kU?'?AhrGv:F?"<AIhi5.7s=MC:%DH=B5/C

Page 14: personal.psu.edupersonal.psu.edu/wnb3/astro485/xrayschool/smith-atomicphysics.pdf · . k %) a G I =T5.C =Bd:%DH=B5.Cbs;:FW~:FC hiI&u =@C DHG I 7R:,W I k} =BW@=Ts

! )F ,),J)F./0 ./+.0/, , , , + ./. 1! ! 3 5khhJ<>? GIC :FCIWTIhD><>5/C&<AIhi5.7s=@CI?<H:FU=~:%DH=[.IWQSu , ) - , x =TDHG|:FC

=B5/C *aGItICI<AFQ95/qDPGI^I7S=DADHIU98G5FD>5.C =B?6DHGI k=@CIiDH=@hNICIJ<>,QS5/qDHGItIWTIhD><A5.CS8W@?DHGILs=BCU=@C^ICIJ<>,Q&5/qDHGILCI WTQmMc<AIhJ5.7s=BCIU IWTIhD><A5.C #k=@ChiIpDHGIV=BCIJDH=@h1ICI<AFQb5/qDHGIIWTIhD><>5/C9=@?_C5,D k:FC.DH=BdJIU /sVD1DHGIs=@CU=@C ICI<AFQE=@?1: ;C=TD>I[,:FW@I mDHG=B? q$5/<>7S?: hJ5/CmDH=@C 5.?z?l8 IhiD><>7 =TDHG|?AG:,<A8EIU/I?_:%DzDHGI"s=@CU=BC ICIJ<>,Q 5/q;DPGI"WBIi[.IWB?6 aGI8 5 pI<pI79=TDAD>IU 8 IJ< /I smQRDHG=@?"8<A5khJI?A?"=@?&u a h /IJ< ^5.WBU $) ) xP`

6 466 6 & 6 $6 4

= = " 4 u 4 Ax

ux66 4

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