Bi ging Microsoft Excel Phn 1: Tnh ton c bn trong Excel Bi 1: Cc
thao tc lin quan n tp 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel4 Khi ng Excel C1: Kch
p chut vo biu tngtrn nn mn hnh (Destop).
C2:KchchutvobiutngcaExceltrn thanhMicrosoftOfficeShortcutBargctrn
bn phi nn mn hnh. C3: Menu Start/Programs/Microsoft
Office/MicroSoft Excel 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel5 Ca s lm vic ca Excel
3/11/2004Bi ging Excel6 M mt tp trng mi (New)
C1:KchchutvobiutngNewtrn Toolbar. C2: n t hp phm Ctrl+N C3: Vo menu
File/New/Blank Workbook 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel7 M mt tp ghi trn a
(Open) C1: Kch chut vo biu tng Opentrn Toolbar. C2: n t hp phm
Ctrl+O C3: Vo menu File/Open 1. Chn ni cha tp 2. Chn tp cn m 3. Bm
nt Open m tpBm nt Cancel hy lnh m tp 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel8 Ghi tp
vo a (Save) C1: Kch chut vo biu tng Savetrn Toolbar. C2: n t hp phm
Ctrl+S. C3: Vo menu File/Save. Nu tp c ghi t trc th ln ghi tp hin
ti s ghi li s thay i k t ln ghi trc (c cm gic l Excel khng thc hin
vic g). Nu tp cha c ghi ln no s xut hin hp thoi Save As, chn ni ghi
tp trong khung Save in, g tn tp cn ghi vo khung File name, n nt
Save. 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel9 Ghi tp vo a vi tn khc (Save As)
Khighitpvi1tnkhcthtpcvntnti, tp mi c to ra c cng ni dung vi tp c.
Vo menu File/Save As... 1. Chn ni ghi tp 2. G tn mi cho tp 3. Bm nt
Save ghi tpBm nt Cancel hy lnh ghi tp 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel10 Thot
khi Excel (Exit) C1: n t hp phm Alt+F4 C2: Kch chut vo nt Close gc
trn cng bn phi ca s lm vic ca PowerPoint. C3: Vo menu File/Exit
Nuchaghitpvoathxuthin1 Message Box, chn: Yes: ghi tp trc khi thot,
No:thot khng ghi tp, Cancel: hu lnh thot. Bi 2: a ch v a ch min
3/11/2004Bi ging Excel12 a ch achvachminchyucdngtrongcccng thc ly d
liu tng ng. a ch bao gm: a ch tng i: gm tn ct v tn hng. V d: A15,
C43. a ch tuyt i: thm du $ trc tn ct v tn hng. V d: $C$5.
achhnhp:thmdu$trctncthoctnhngnu mun c nh phn . V d: $A3, B$4
achtngithayikhisaochpcngthc,ach tuyt i th khng. 3/11/2004Bi ging
Excel13 a ch min Min l mt nhm lin k nhau. a ch min c khai bo theo
cch: a ch cao tri : a ch thp phi V d:A3:A6B2:D5 $C$5:$D$8
3/11/2004Bi ging Excel14 Dch chuyn con tr Dng chut kch vo .
GphmF5(Ctrl+G),gachcnnvo khung Reference, bm nt OK. Dng cc phm sau
y: G a ch mun n 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel15 Cc phm dch chuyn con tr :
+, |, , + dch chuyn 1 theo hng mi tn +Page Updch con tr ln 1 trang
mn hnh. +Page Down dch chuyn xung 1 trang mn hnh. +Homect u tin (ct
A) ca dng hin ti +Ctrl + ti ct cui cng (ct IV) ca dng hin ti. +Ctrl
+ ti ct u tin (ct A) ca dng hin ti. +Ctrl + +ti dng cui cng (dng
65536) ca ct hin ti. +Ctrl + |ti dng u tin (dng 1) ca ct hin ti.
+Ctrl + | + ti tri trn cng ( A1). +Ctrl + | + ti phi trn cng (
IV1). +Ctrl + + + ti tri di cng ( A65536). +Ctrl + + + ti phi di
cng ( IV65536). 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel16 Nhp d liu vo Cch thc: kch
chut vo , g d liu vo, nhp xong g Enter. D liu ch nhp bnh thng
Dliusnhpduchm(.)thayduphy(,)ngncchphnthp phn. Du phy (,) ngn cch
hng nghn D liu dng ch nhp xong t ng cn sang bn tri D liu dng s nhp
xong t ng cn sang bn phi Excel hiu mt d liu dng khc l d liu dng ch
th nhp du ' trc d liu . V d: 04.8766318 D liu ngy thng nhp theo nh
dng: mm/dd/yy. VD: 11/25/1980 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel17 Chn min, ct,
hng, bng Chn min: kch chut vo cao tri, gi v di ti thp phi, nh chut.
Chn c hng: kch chut vo tn hng. Chn c ct: kch chut vo tn ct. Chn c
bng tnh: kch chut vo giao gia tn hng v tn ct. Nu chn nhiu min ri
nhau th gi phm Ctrl trong khi chn cc min . Khi cn ly a ch hoc min
trong cng thc th khng nngtbnphmmnndngchutchntrnh nhm ln. Bi 3: Cc
thao tc son tho 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel19 1. Sao chp (Copy-Paste,
Paste Special): Chn min n Ctrl+C (bm nt Copy,menu Edit/Copy) Dch ti
tri trn ca min nh dn n Ctrl+V (bm nt Paste, menu Edit/Paste) Nu sao
chp cng thc sang cc ln cn: Di chut ti du chm gc phi di ca , bm gi
tri chut v di qua cc ln cn ri nh chut (Drag & Drop). a ch tng i
ca cc trong cng thc s c thay tng ng. 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel20 2.
Dch chuyn (Move-Paste): Chn min n Ctrl+X (bm nt Cut,menu Edit/Cut)
Dch ti tri trn ca min nh dn n Ctrl+V (bm nt Paste, menu Edit/Paste)
C2: di chut ti b ca min, con tr thnh hnh mi tn, Drag ri d liu ti v
tr mi, thay th dliuc.Munxenkdliucvmith gi phm Shift trong khi Drag.
3/11/2004Bi ging Excel21 3. Sa: Dch ti cn sa: kch p chut, hoc n phm
F2, hoc kch chut trn thanh cng thc, con tr nhp nhy trong th sa bnh
thng. 4. Xo:Chn min cn xo, n phm Delete. 5. Undo v Redo:
Undo:Ctrl+Z,hocbmnttrnToolbar:c tcdnghubvicvalm,haydngkhi phc trng
thi lm vic khi xy ra sai st. Redo: Ctrl+Y, hoc bm nttrn Toobar: lm
li vic va b / vic va lm. 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel22 Mt s thao tc hu
dng 1. Thm/xo hng, ct, bng tnh: Thmmthngvobntrnhnghinti:menu
Insert/Rows Thmmtctvobntricthinti:menu Insert/Columns Thm mt bng
tnh (sheet): menu Insert/Worksheet Xo hng hin ti: menu
Edit/DeleteEntire Row Xo ct hin ti: menu Edit/DeleteEntire Column
Xo bng tnh: menu Edit/Delete Sheet 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel23 Mt s
thao tc hu dng (2) 2. Cc thao thc gip nhp d liu:
Gachtuyticavmintrongcng thc: dng phm F4
VD:cng$A$5:$C$8:dngchutchnmin A5:C8, ri n phm F4. Nhp d liu tin t,
VD: $6,000.00 ch cn nhp 6000, sau n nt Currency Style$ trn thanh nh
dng. 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel24 Mt s thao tc hu dng (tip)
Nhpmtdylintccchuvocclink nhau(khngbtbuctng1.v),vd:nhpSTT, nhp cc
thng trong nm: Nhp 2 g/t u tin ca dy vo 2 tng ng Bi en 2 va nhp Thc
hin Drag nh khi sao chp cng thc 3. itnsheet:nhychutphititnsheetgc
tridibngtnh,chnRename,gtnmicho sheet ri n Enter. 3/11/2004Bi ging
Excel25 nh dng 1) Thay i kch thc hng/ct: 2 cch chnh: C1: Di chut vo
mp tn hng/ct, con tr thnh hnh mi tn 2 chiu, n gi tri chut, di n v
tr mi ri nh chut. C2:Dichutvomptnhng/ct,kchp c kch thc va kht. C th
n nh kch thc hng/ct bng cch vo menu Format/Row/Height v
Format/Column/Width 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel26 nh dng (2) 2) nh dng
(Menu Format/Cells) - Chn min, vo menu Format/Cells + Tab Number:
nh cch hin th s + Tab Alignment: nh cch chnh v tr d liu + Tab Font:
nh font ch + Tab Border: nh ng k vin cc 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel27
Kiu hin th s Khung xem trc S ch s thp phn S dng k hiu ngn cch hng
nghn Cch hin th s m Ch gii Menu Format/Cells Tab Number 3/11/2004Bi
ging Excel28 Cn d liu chiu ngang Xung dng va rng nh hng vn bn Thu
nh ch va kch thc Nhp cc lin k thnh 1 Menu Format/Cells Tab
Alignment Cn d liu chiu dc 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel29 Chn phng ch Chn
kch thc ch Chn mu ch Gch chn ch Xem trc Menu Format/Cells Tab Font
Chn kiu ch 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel30 Khng k khung Mu ng k Khung bao
ngoi Menu Format/Cells Tab Border Chn kiu ng k Khung bn trongChn
tng ng k khung3/11/2004Bi ging Excel31 nh dng trang in: File/Page
Setup 1. Tab Page: Trang dc Trang xoay ngang Kch thc trang: chn A4
Xem trc khi in Chn in 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel32 nh dng trang in (2)
2. Tab Margins: Chn kch thc cc l trang in Cn gia trang ni dung cn
in + theo chiu ngang + theo chiu dc 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel33 In n
(Ctrl+P, File/Print) trnh bn in khng p, khng chnh xc, nn xem k trc
khi in bng cch bm nt Preview Chn my in Chn s bn cn in Chn thng s my
in In tt c In t trang #1 n trang #2 Bi 4: Cng thc v hm 3/11/2004Bi
ging Excel35 Cng thc Cng thc: bt u bi du= saulcchngs,ach,hmscni vi
nhau bi cc php ton. Cc php ton: + , - , * , / , ^ (lu tha), ton V
d:= 10 + A3 = B3*B4 + B5/5 = 2*C2 + C3^4 ABS(C4) = SIN(A2)
3/11/2004Bi ging Excel36 Hm s Excel c rt nhiu hm s s dng trong cc
lnh vc: tonhc,thngk,logic,xlchuikt,ngy thng Hm s c dng trong cng
thc. Trong hm c x l cc hng k t hoc hng xu k t th chng phi c bao
trong cp du Cc hm s c th lng nhau. VD:
=IF(AND(A2=10,A3>=8),G,IF(A2160,C2:C5)choktqubng63 (=14+21+28)
3/11/2004Bi ging Excel42 Nhm hm thng k (tip)
COUNTIF(min_iukin,iu_kin):ms lng cc trong min m tho mn iu kin. V d
1V d 2 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel43 Nhm hm Logic AND (i 1, i 2,, i n):
php V, l hm logic, ch ng khi tt c cc i s c gi tr ng. Cc i s l cc
hng, biu thc logic. VD: = AND (B3>=23,B3=25,D3=5,,Trt) - Hm IF c
th vit lng nhau. VD: = IF(C6400,3,2)) - Hm trn cho kt qu ca php th
sau: nu[d liu trong C6] s 300 nu300 4003213/11/2004Bi ging Excel45
Nhm hm tham chiu VLOOKUP(tr_tra_cu,bng_tra_cu,ct_ly_d_liu,
[True/False]):tracug/tviccg/ttrongctutinca bng v hin th d liu tng
ng trong bng tra cu nm trn ct i s 3. VD: = VLOOKUP(E3, $E$12:$F$16,
2, True) -Nug/ttracunhhng/tnhnhttrongctutinca bng th tr v li #N/A.
- Nu i s th 4 bng True (hoc 1): +Cc g/t trongct u tin cabng phic
spxptng dn. + Nu g/t tra cu khng c trong ct u tin ca bng th hm s
tra cu g/t trong bng s g/t tra cu. 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel46 V d hm
VLOOKUP 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel47 Nhm hm tham chiu (tip)
HLOOKUP(g/t,bng_g/t,hng_ly_d.liu,[1/0]):hm tra cu theo hng, tng t
hm VLOOKUP Hm xp th hng:RANK(g/t_xp, bng_g/t, tiu_chun_xp) - i s 1:
l gi tr cn xp th (VD: im 1 HS) - i s 2: bng cha cc g/t (VD: bng im)
- i s 3: = 0 th g/t nh nht xp cui cng (VD khi xp th hng cc HS trong
lp theo im) = 1 th g/t nh nht xp u tin (VD khi xp th hng cho cc VV
ua xe theo thi gian) VD:=RANK(A3,$A$3:$A$10,1) 3/11/2004Bi ging
Excel48 V d hm RANK Khi th th xp bng 1 RANK(g/t_xp, bng_g/t,
tiu_chun_xp) Khi th th xp bng 0 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel49 Nhm hm
tham chiu (tip) MACTH(g/t,bng_g/t,[1/0]):Hmtmvtrcagitr trong bng gi
tr. INDEX(bng_g/t, ch_s_hng, ch_s_ct): Tr v mt
gitrhocmtthamchiutimtgitrcamtbng Ch :+ Nu ch s hng v ch s ct cng
khc 0, th INDEX() s tr v gi tr ca l giao im ca hng v ct . + Nu ch s
hng = 0 INDEX() s tr v l ton b ct+ Nu ch s ct = 0 INDEX() s tr v l
ton b hng 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel50 Nhm hm x l chui LEFT(Chui k t,
n): Cho n k t bn tri ca chui. VD: =LEFT(Gia Lm H Ni,7)cho kt qu l
chui Gia Lm RIGHT(Chuikt,n):Chonktbnphica chui. VD: =RIGHT(Gia Lm H
Ni,6)cho kt qu l chui H Ni MID(Chui k t, m, n): Cho n k t tnh t k t
th m ca chui. VD: =MID(Gia LmH Ni,9,2)cho kt qu l chui H VALUE(Chui
k t s): i chui thnh s VD: =VALUE(123) cho kt qu l 123 3/11/2004Bi
ging Excel51 Nhm hm ngy thng NOW(): Cho ngy v gi thi im hin ti.
TODAY(): Cho ngy hin ti. DAY(ngy thng): Cho gi tr ngy. MONTH(ngy
thng): Cho gi tr thng. DATE(nm, thng, ngy): Cho gi tr ngy thng quy
i. V d: Date(2011, 18, 25) s cho kt qu l ngy: 25/06/2012
3/11/2004Bi ging Excel52 Nhm hm ngy thng (tip) YEAR(mm/dd/yy): Cho
gi tr nm. VD: =YEAR(11/25/80)cho kt qu l 1980
HmYearthngcdngtnhtuikhibit ngy sinh: 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel53 Nhm
hm thi gian HOUR(hh:mm:ss): Cho gi tr s gi. VD: =HOUR(09:30:15)cho
kt qu l 9 MINUTE(hh:mm:ss): Cho gi tr s pht. VD:
=MINUTE(09:30:15)cho kt qu l 30 SECOND(hh:mm:ss): Cho gi tr s giy.
VD: =HOUR(09:30:15)cho kt qu l 15 Phn 2: C s d liu 3/11/2004Bi ging
Excel55 1) Khi nim CSDL gm cc trng (field) v bn ghi (record). Trng
l mt ct CSDL, mi trng biu th mt thuctnhcaitngvckiudliunht nh. Bn
ghi l mt hng d liu. DngucaminCSDLchacctntrng, cc dng tip sau l cc
bn ghi. 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel56 2) Sp xp - Menu Data/Sort Khi xp
th t 1 danh sch (CSDL), phi chn tt c cc ct trnh s mt chnh xc d liu.
DS khng c tn trng th tn ct s thay th. Trng quy nh cch xp th t gi l
kho. C th nh ti a 3 kho. Cc bn ghi cng g/t kho th nht c
xpthttheokhoth2;cngg/tkhoth2c xp th t theo kho th 3. Cch lm: Chn
min. Chn Menu Data/Sort 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel57 Chn kho th nht
[Chn kho th hai] [Chn kho th ba] Sp xp tng dn Sp xp gim dn Dng u l
tn trng (ko sp xp) Ko c dng tn trng (sp xp c dng u) Xp t trn xung
di Xp t tri sang phi 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel58 3) Tm kim (Lc d liu)
Menu Data/Filter Mcch:Lyranhngbnghi(thngtin)tho mn iu kin nht nh. C
th lc theo 2 cch: AutoFilter: Excel h tr iu kin lc
AdvancedFilter:ngisdngtnhiu kin lc. 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel59 a) Lc
d liu dng AutoFilter Chn min CSDL gm c dng tn trng
MenuData/Filter/AutoFilter,tntrngcu mi tn th xung ca hp danh sch
Kch chut vo , c danh sch th xung: All: hin li mi bn ghi Top 10: cc
gi tr ln nht Custom: t nh iu kin lc Cc gi tr ca ct 3/11/2004Bi ging
Excel60 Lc d liu dng AutoFilter (tip) Nu chn Custom s hin hp thoi
Custom AutoFilter ngi s dng t nh iu kin lc: VD:Lcnhngbn ghithomns
lng SP bn ra trong thng1nmtrong khong (120,400] 3/11/2004Bi ging
Excel61 b) Lc d liu dng Advanced Filter 1. B1: nh min iu kin: Dng u
ghi tn trng nh iu kin, ch phiginghttntrngcaminCSDL,tt nht l copy t
tn trng CSDL. Ccdngtipdighiiukin:cciukin cngdnglphpAND,cciukinkhc
dng l php OR. VD vi min CSDL nh trn: 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel62 Min
/k lc cc bn ghi c s SP bn ra trong thng 1 =400 Min /k lc cc bn ghi
c s SP bn ra trong thng 1 >150 Min /k lc cc bn ghi c s SP bn ra
trong thng 1 150150 hoc trong thng 2 >200 3/11/2004Bi ging
Excel63 Lc d liu dng Advanced Filter (tip) 2. B2: Thc hin lc Vo
menu Data/Filter/Advanced Filter Hin KQ lc ngay ti min d liu Hin KQ
lc ra ni khc Chn min CSDL Chn min iu kin Chn min hin KQ Ch hin 1 bn
ghi trong s nhng KQ trng lp 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel64 Cc hm dng vi
CSDL Tn_hm(MinCSDL,tn_trng,min_iu_kin): tnh ton trntrng i s th 2 ca
min CSDL tho mn min iu kin (to ging nh lc Advanced Filter).
isth2cthcthaythbngstht ca ct cha trng trong CSDL Tn_hm gm: DSUM
DMAX DMIN DAVERAGE DCOUNT 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel65 DSUM 3/11/2004Bi
ging Excel66 DMAX 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel67 DAVERAGE 3/11/2004Bi
ging Excel68 DCOUNT 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel69 Tnh ton theo nhm s liu
B1: Sp xp CSDL vi kho l trng phn nhm B2: Chn CSDL, gm c dng tn trng
B3: vo menu Data/Subtotal Chn trng phn nhm Chn hm cn tnh Chn nhng
trng cn tnh ton Nn 2 la chn mc nh nh hnh v 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel70
To bo co bng cng c PivotTable B1: Bi en bng d liu gm c dng tn trng
B2: Vo menu Data/PivotTable and PivotChartWizart B3: Chn Next/
Next/ Finish. DS cc trng Ko trng lm tiu ct Ko trng lm tiu hng Ko ni
dung cn bo co Chn hm cn tnh Phn 3: th 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel72
Chnmindliuvth,chchnc1tiu hngv1tiuctiviccthkiuColumn, Line v Pie. Bm
nt Chart Wizard trn Toolbar hoc vo menu Insert/Chart Hp thoi Chart
Wizard hin ra gip to th qua 4 bc: 1. nh kiu th 2. nh d liu 3. Cc la
chn: tiu , cc trc, ch gii 4. Chn ni hin th 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel73
Bc 1: nh kiu th Chn kiu th c sn: + Column: ct dc + Line: ng so snh
+ Pie: bnh trn + XY: ng tng quan Chn mt dng ca kiu chn 3/11/2004Bi
ging Excel74 Bc 2: nh d liu Min DL v th Chn DL v th theo hng hoc
theo ct Tiu hng hin ti y Tiu ct lm ch gii 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel75
Bc 3: Cc la chn - Tab Titles Tiu th v tiu cc trc Nhp tiu th Nhp tiu
trc X Nhp tiu trc Y 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel76 Bc 3: Cc la chn - Tab
Legend Ch gii Hin/n ch gii V tr t ch gii Ch gii 3/11/2004Bi ging
Excel77 Bc 3: Cc la chn - Tab Data Labels Nhn d liu Khng hin Hin
nhn v phn trm Nhn d liu Hin g/t Hin phn trm Hin nhn 3/11/2004Bi
ging Excel78 Bc 4: nh ni t th th hin trn 1 sheet mi th hin trn
1sheet tn ti 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel79 Khi th c to, c th: 1. Chuyn
th ti v tr mi bng phng thc Drag & Drop. 2. Thay i kch thc th
bng cch kch chut vo vng trng cathxuthin8chmen8hng,tchutvo
chmen,gitrichutvditikchthcmongmunri nh chut. 3.
Thayiccthuctnhcath(tiu,chgii,)bng
cchnhychutphivovngtrngcathvchnChart Options Thao tc tip theo nh bc
3 trn. 4. Thay i cc thuc tnh ca cc thnh phn th (font ch, t
lcctrc,muscnn,)bngcchnhychutphivo thnh phn v chn Format 3/11/2004Bi
ging Excel80 Thay i thuc tnh trc th * Thay i t l trn trc Gi tr nh
nht Gi tr ln nht Khong cch cc im chia 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel81 Khi
lng ca ln qua cc ngy tui048121620S sinh 10 20 30 40 50 60NgyKhi lng
(kg)Mng Ci YorkshireThay i thuc tnh trc th * Thay i v tr hin th d
liu ivithdngLine,nhiukhithvxongnhtrn
nhngvnchachnhxcvccmcthigiankhngnm ng im chia trn trc X, do la chn
mc nh ca Excel. 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel82 Khi lng ca ln qua cc ngy
tui048121620S sinh 10 20 30 40 50 60NgyKhi lng (kg)Mng Ci
YorkshireThay i thuc tnh trc th * Thay i v tr hin th d liu sa i ch
cn b la chn mc nh ca Excel nh hnh trnlc.Tuynginnhngcnnhvhunh100% SV
lm bo co TN mc phi li ny m khng bit sa. Ch : Vi th dng Line
3/11/2004Bi ging Excel83 VcthdngLinelnggykhc.Nu
munccnggykhctrnntrntruchopth lm nh sau: -Bmnvongbiumunlmtrnsaocho
cc biu tng ti cc im nt i mu (mi ln ch lm trn c mt ng). - Bm phm phi
chut, khi xut hin hp thoi th chn Format Data Series - nh du vo mc
chn Smoothed Line ri chn Ok, thchinthaotcvittcbnngbnsnhn c biu c
dng nh hnh3/11/2004Bi ging Excel84 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel85 Ch : Vi
th dng XY Phi sp xp ct (hng) u tin tng dn. Khichndliuvth:chchnsliu,
khng chn d liu lm nhn v ch gii. th dng XY l mt ng tng quan gia 2 i
lng, nu nhiu hn 1 ng l sai. thdngXYkhngcchgii,nukhiv xong m c th cn
xo i. Tuy nhin vn cn c y nhn trn cc trc. Cng c d bo: GoalSeek Cng c
d bo GoalSeek c s dng trong cc bi ton mun tm kim mt gi tr trong tng
lai khibitgitrtithiimhintivquylut tnh ton. GoalSeek cng l mt cng c
hu ch cho vic gii phng trnh. V d 1: cho phng trnh bc 1:y = 2*x + 3.
Tm gi tr ca x bit rng y=15 Bc 1: nhp d liu v cng thc tnh ton
3/11/2004Bi ging Excel86 Bc2:ChnToolGoalSeekxuthincas sau, cc mc
khai bo trong ca s ny l: Set cell: khai bo a ch cha cng thc To
value: khai bo gi tr cn c trong tng lai By changing cell: khai bo a
ch cha kt qu 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel87 Nhn OK: Goal Seeking with
cell F3 found a solution: vic tm kim F3 nhn c kt qu: Taget value:
gi tr d bo tng lai (gi tr ch): 15 Current value: gi tr tm c: 15
3/11/2004Bi ging Excel88 V d 2: Gi vo ngn hng 1000000 ng vi li xut
c nh 1.2%/thng. Lihng thng c gp vo gc (tc l li m li con). Hy d bo
sau bao nhiu thng ngi gi c c 5000000 ng? Gi s tin gi ban u l V
(vn), li xut l L v tin c ngn hng l TCi, d dng tnh c s tin thng th
i:i=1,2,n theo phng php quy np nh sau: Sau 1 thng: TC1 = V+ V*L =
V*(1+L).Sau 2 thng:TC2 = TC1+TC1*L=TC1*(1+L) = V*(1+L)*(1+L) =
V*(1+L)2 . Sau n thng s tin c trong ngn hng s l V*(1+L)n.y chnh l
cng thc tnh ton. tnh ton chng ta nhp vo C2 gi tr vn ban u 1000000,
D2 l li xut 1.2%. Trong E2 nhp cng thc tnh ton di dng a ch : Bi
ging Excel89 F2lnichagitrdbosthnggi,chnhlsmntrong cng thc lp. Nhn
Enter chng ta nhn c kt qu trn hnh 5.31 ( E3 cha gi tr 1000000).
TrongcasGoalSeekmcsetcellghiachE2;mcTovaluenhp
gitrmongmun(5000000);mcBychangingcellnhpachcha
cngthc(F2).SaukhikhaiboccthamschoGoalSeek(xemhnh 5.31), nhn OK bn
nhn c kt qu hnh sau: 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel90 Nh vy l vi li xut
1.2%/thng, s tin gi tng gp 5 ln bn phi gi 135 thng tc l hn 11 nm.
3/11/2004Bi ging Excel91 V d 3:c qung co mua mt lon bia gi 8500 ng
bn c c hi trng thng xe Merceded tr gi 3 t. Hy dng cng c d bo
GoalSeekcho bit ngi ta phi bn bao nhiu hp bia tin tr cho gii thng
bit rng mi hp c 20 lon. 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel92 Cng c Solver
Solver l cng c c th s dng gii phng trnh, h phng trnh tuyn tnh bc
nht, y cng chnh l cng c tr gip c lc trong vic gii bi ton quy hoch
tuyn tnh, mt bi ton hay gp trong kinh t, k thut. Solver nm trong
menu Tools, thng thng cng c Solver khng c ci t sndo vy bn phi t ci
t. Thao tc tin hnh nh sau: Chn Tools Add- Ins Chn Solver Add- In
3/11/2004Bi ging Excel93 V d 1: gii h phng trnh bc nht hai n Hnh
5.33 a1 x1 + b1 x2 = c1 a2 x1 + b2 x2 = c2 Nhp d liu v chn
Tool/Solver 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel94 a1 = 2 b1 = 4c1 = 10 a2= 3 b2
= 5 c2 = -35 Set Target Cell: khai bo a ch cha phng trnh u tin, g
vo a ch E2. Equal To: chn gi tr cn tnh: Max: tm cc i Min: tm cc tiu
Value of: tm gi tr cho v phi ca phng trnh. Chn Value of v g vo
khung ch nht bn phi s 10. By Changing Cell: a ch cha bin, khai l
D2:D3. Subject to the Constraints: cc rng buc, l phng trnh th hai.
Click chut vo khung ch nht pha di sau chn Add s xut hin ca s khai
bo rng buc hnh:- Cell Reference: a ch cha phng trnh th hai (E3) -
Chn ton t = - Constraint: vp phi ca phng trnh th hai,nhp vo gi tr
-35, chn OK 3/11/2004Bi ging Excel95 V d: Gii h phng trnh sau
3/11/2004Bi ging Excel96 = += + += + +25 520 2 5 310 3 4 23 13 2 13
2 1x xx x xx x x Gii bi ton Quy hoch tuyn tnh a. M hnh bi ton QHTT
tng qut BitonQHTTtngqutlbitontiuhahaybiton tm cc tr (Cc tiu hoc cc
i) ca mt hm tuyn tnh vi iu kin cc bin s phi tha mn mt h phng trnh
hoc bt phng trnh tuyn tnh. M hnh ton hc ca bi ton QHTT tng qut: Hm
mc tiu: Vi cc rng buc (iu kin) I1, I2, I3 l tp cc ch s (I1, I2, I3
khng giao nhau) L cc hng s (C th l tham s), n l s bin s L cc bin s
(n s) ca bi ton c gi l cc rng buc v du Chn Solver Add-in Chn OK Vo
menu Tool AddIns Xut hin ca s V d 1: Cho bi ton QHTT sau: Hm mc
tiu: f(x) = 2x1 + 8x2 - 5x3 + 15x4 max Vi rng buc: Cch t chc d liu
trn bng tnh:Tin hnh gii bi ton Kch vo cha kt qu cn tm ca hm mc tiu
Chn Tool Solver Xut hin hp thoi Set Target Cell: Nhp cha a ch tuyt
i ca hm mc tiu Equal To: Xc nh gii hn cho hm mc tiu hoc gi tr cn t
n ca hm mc tiu By Changing Cells: Nhp a ch tuyt i ca cc ghi li cc
gi trban u ca bin. Subject to the Constraints: Nhp cc rng buc ca bi
ton Thm cc rng buc vo Subject to the Constraints: Nhn nt Add xut
hin bng Add Constraint Cell Reference: hoc vng cha cng thc ca cc
rng buc Chn la du Constraint: Gi tr v phi ca rng buc -) Nu iu kin
xj >= 0 Chn du >= -) Nu iu kin xj l nguyn Chn du int -) Nu iu
kin xj l nh phn chn Bin Sau khi hon tt ta chn Solve chy Solver Xut
hin hp thoi Keep Solver Solution: Gi kt qu v in ra bng tnh Restore
Original Values: Hy kt qu va tm c tr cc bin v tnh trng ban u V d 2:
Gii bi ton sau Hm mc tiu: x1 + 4x2 + x3 MinVi rng buc: 2x1 + 3x2 +
4x3 >= 20 5x1 - x2 + 2x3 >= 12 x1 + 2x2 - x3 = 4 xj >=0, j
= 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 xj = integer, j = 1, 2, 3 p s: Gi tr ti u l 12,
phng n ti u (2,2,0,0,0) V d 4: 30x1 + 19x2 + 13x3+ 38x4 + 20x5 +6x6
+ 8x7 + 19x8 + 10x9 + 11x10 Max15x1 + 12x2 + 9x3+ 27x4 + 15x5 +5x6
+ 8x7 + 20x8 + 12x9 + 15x10 = 0 Do phng n sn xut ca nh my l x =
(x1, x2,,xj,,xn ) Tng chi ph nguyn vt liu loi i sn xut x lS khng vt
qu d tr bi =n1 jj ijx aib s=n1 jj ijx aVy m hnh ton hc ca bi ton
nguyn vt liu c th pht biu nh sau: Hm mc tiu: f(x) =max x cn1 jj
j=Tng li nhun thu c khi sn xut x l =n1 jj jx cCc rng buc: m i bi, 1
, x an1 jj ij= s=n j xj, 1 , 0 = >Xt v d c th: Mt nh my d nh tin
hnh sn xut 5 loi sn phm SPj ( j = 1 5 ) C 5 loi sn phm trn c s dng
4 loi nguyn vt liu chnh NVLi ( i = 1 4 ) C mc tiu hao nguyn vt liu,
li nhun n v thu c v gii hn d tr nh sau: Hy xc nh phng n sn xut nh
my t c tng li nhun ln nht Bi gii:Bc 1: Xy dng bi ton Gi xj vi j = 1
5 l sn lng sn phm loi j s sn xut (xj >=0) Nn phng n sn xut ca nh
my l vect x=(x1, x2, x3, x4, x5, ) Hm mc tiu:f(x) = 300x1 + 250x2 +
500x3 + 150x4 + 320x5 maxCc rng buc: 2x1 + 5x2 + 6x3 + 8x4 +4x5
