1. 1. BAI 46: LUYN TP ANEHIT AXIT CACBOXYLIC
2. 2. 1. Cac inh nghia: Anehit: la nhng hp cht hu c ma phn t co nhom chc CHO lin kt trc tip vi nguyn t cacbon hoc nguyn t Hidro. Anehit no, n chc, mach h co cng thc cu tao thu gon: CnH2n+1CHO (vi n0) Axit cacboxylic: la nhng hp cht ma phn t co nhom chc COOH. Axit no, n chc, mach h co cng thc cu tao thu gon: CnH2n+1COOH (vi n0)
3. 3. 2. Tinh cht A) Anehit co tinh kh va tinh oxi hoa: Tinh Oxi hoa: R-CHO + H2 Tinh kh: R-CHO + 2AgNO3 + H2O + 2NH3 R-COONH4 + 2NH4NO3 + 2Ag
4. 4. 2. Tinh cht B) Axit cacboxylic co tinh cht chung cua axit: Tac dung vi dung dich bazo, oxit bazo, dung dich mui va vi kim loai ng trc hidro trong day hoat ng cua cac kim loai. Tac dung vi ancol (co xuc tac) tao thanh este: RCOOH + ROH RCOOR + H2O
5. 5. 3. iu ch Anehit: CH3OH + O2 CH4 + O2 C2H4 + O2 R-CH2OH + CuO Axit cacboxylic: C2H5OH + O2 CH3CH=O + O2 CH3OH + CO
6. 6. 3. iu ch Anehit: 2CH3OH + O2 2HCHO + 2H2O CH4 + O2 HCHO + H2O C2H4 + O2 CH3CHO R-CH2OH + CuO R-CHO + Cu + H2O Axit cacboxylic: C2H5OH + O2 CH3COOH + H2O CH3CH=O + O2 CH3COOH CH3OH + CO CH3COOH
7. 7. 4. Luyn tp
8. 8. Lut chi Chia lp thanh 4 i chi Co tng cng 10 cu hoi gm nhiu mc . Mi cu hoi se co t 10s n 20s suy nghi. Kt thuc thi gian suy nghi, i nao co cu tra li nhanh nht se gianh c quyn u tin. Ht 10 cu hoi, i nao tra li c nhiu cu hoi nht se nhn c phn thng v cung gia tri.
9. 9. Cu 1: Hay k tn 3 axit cacboxylic va 3 andehit hay gp. ap an gi y: - 3 axit hay gp: axit fomic, axit axetic, axit oxalic. - 3 andehit hay gp: andehit fomic, andehit axetic, andehit propionic.
10. 10. Cu 2: (CH3)2CHCHO co tn goi la gi? A. isobutyranehit. B. anehit isobutyric. C. 2-metyl propanal. D. A, B, C u ung.
11. 11. Cu 3: CTPT cua ankanal c 10,345% H theo khi lng l A. HCHO. B. CH3CHO. C. C2H5CHO. D. C3H7CHO.
12. 12. Cu 4: Hay k tn it nht 3 ng dung cua andehit ap an gi y: - Fomandehit c dung lam nguyn liu san xut nha phenol-fomandehit, nha ure-fomandehit. - Fomon c dung lam cht ty u, ngm mu ng vt lam tiu ban, - Hng liu cho nhiu nganh cng nghip thc phm, my phm,
13. 13. Cu 5: Th t sp xp theo s tng dn tnh axit cua CH3COOH ; C2H5OH ; CO2 v C6H5OH l A. C6H5OH < CO2 < CH3COOH < C2H5OH. B. CH3COOH < C6H5OH < CO2 < C2H5OH. C. C2H5OH < C6H5OH < CO2 < CH3COOH. D. C2H5OH < CH3COOH < C6H5OH < CO2.
14. 14. Cu 6: Cho dy cc cht : HCHO, CH3COOH, HCOONa, HCOOH, C2H5OH, HCOOCH3. S cht trong dy tham gia phan ng trng gng l 4
15. 15. Cu 7: Cho 1,97 gam dung dich fomalin tc dung vi dung dich AgNO3/NH3 d thu c 10,8 gam Ag. Nng % cua anehit fomic trong fomalin l 38,07%
16. 16. Cu 8: Trung hoa 9 gam axit cacboxylic A bng NaOH va u c can dung dich c 13,4 gam mui khan. A co cng thc phn t la A. C2H4O2. B. C2H2O4. C. C3H4O2. D. C4H6O4.
17. 17. Cu 10: X la hn hp 2 ancol n chc ng ng lin tip. Cho 0,3 mol X tac dung hoan toan vi CuO un nong c hn hp Y gm 2 anehit. Cho Y tac dung vi lng dung dich AgNO3/NH3 c 86,4 gam Ag. X gm A. CH3OH va C2H5OH. B. C3H7OH va C4H9OH. C. C2H5OH v C3H7OH. D. C3H5OH va C4H7OH.